Sponsor

2012/01/10

Neatorama

Neatorama


Popcorn-Bag-Induced Disorientation in a Gull

Posted: 10 Jan 2012 05:14 AM PST

by Stephen L. Richey
Kolibri Aviation Safety Research, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A.

The author was witness to a case of probable spatial disorientation with flight into terrain in a gull that was feeding upon a discarded bag of microwave popcorn. Spatial disorientation with flight into terrain is a well-documented phenomenon amongst human pilots. Here I discuss it as a possible explanation for some cases of injury and death in birds. I also discuss the risks inherent in attempting to aid what you might believe to be an injured gull—a gull that, in turn, might think you are attempting to take away its hard-earned food.

Flying Garbage Disposal
The ring-billed gull (Larus delawarensis) is among the most adaptable foragers in the animal kingdom. To phrase it more bluntly, they are basically flying garbage disposals that can and will eat nearly any item they can get their beaks around.

Gulls are among the birds most readily adapted to coexistence with human developments. They have learned to utilize human refuse as a food source.

The Scene Seen in Saginaw
The campus of Saginaw Valley State University in Michigan, which the author previously attended, is home to a healthy population of ring-billed gulls (fig. 1). The relatively brazen nature of their feeding behaviors leads to the opportunity for close observation of mishaps related to this activity. The events described took place during an early afternoon in August 2007 as the author, an avid bird watcher and student pilot, was returning home from class to the university's apartments.

A bag of burned generic microwave popcorn (fig. 2) was thrown out the door of a university apartment building. Immediately several gulls, all presumably L. delawarensis, descended upon the scene.

A squabble over the bag and its contents ensued. One of the birds grasped the bag in its bill, and took off. The weather at the time was observed to be generally clear; visibility was well beyond that which would allow for visual flight rules operations by a human pilot.

Figure 1: A ring-billed gull (Larus delawarensis).

(Image credit: Wikipedia user Mdf)

Aerodynamics Details: The Popcorn-Bag and the Gull
The point by which the bag was held was the lower edge (in arbitrary reference to the direction of the ground as the bag landed after being discarded) of the open end. Approximately three seconds after takeoff, the airflow associated with flight blew the bag over the gull's head. Almost immediately, the bird was observed to go into a steep (~80 degrees angle of attack) climb until approximately 250–300 feet off the ground. At this altitude, the gull, still flapping its wings, experienced an aerodynamic stall which resulted in its nose swinging to the left until it dropped below the horizon, placing the bird into an extreme nose-down attitude. When performed by a pilot in an aircraft, this maneuver is referred to as a "hammerhead stall."

The gull rapidly accelerated towards the ground, due to the force of gravity and the continued flapping of the wings, with the bag still in place over its head. Presumably the bird still was holding onto the bag at this point. The bird was noted to spiral to its right several times prior to impact with a grassy strip between two buildings, which occurred in a slightly less than vertical attitude (angle of attack: ~-70 degrees). The gull made no attempt to assume the normal landing posture that the author had noted previously while observing this species of gull, with regards to lessening the steep approach angle, extension of the legs, or flaring of the wings to slow the descent. The bird appeared motionless after the impact. The author believed that the animal was likely deceased but decided to investigate to be certain there was nothing that could be done to aid it.

Figure 2: A stock image of a microwave popcorn bag.

(Image credit: Wikipedia user Howcheng)

After the Crash
The author and two other bystanders approached the bird as it lay prostrate on the ground. Upon reaching the gull, the author removed the bag from its head. The gull promptly attacked the author, flapping its wings and attempting to peck him about the hands, head, face, and neck until he dropped the bag and retreated to a safe distance. The other two witnesses—both unknown to the author—had a far quicker reaction time with regard to getting away from the gull, and were not subjected to its wrath.

The bird proceeded to feed upon the popcorn with no outward signs of distress or injury. It flew out of sight uneventfully after a few minutes.

Post-Crash Analysis
Based upon the circumstances and the position of the bag over the bird's head during the flight, I conclude that the crash was due to spatial disorientation, which is most simply defined as loss of or confusion about one's position with regard to roll, pitch, and yaw relative to the force of gravity.

Among human pilots, flight in situations where the horizon  is not visible or discernable due to obscuration as a result of fog, dark night, clouds, or other factors predisposes to the occurrence of disorientation. It accounts for a significant percentage of fatal general aviation crashes annually.1

Birds, however, have been documented as being capable of flight in conditions (referred to as "instrument meteorological conditions") that would require human pilots to use instruments. Some of these cases were observed via radar2. Other cases, reported to the National Wildlife Strike Database, involve aircraft making physical contact with birds.3 while flying in clouds, fog, or rain. European starlings (Sternus vulgaris) have been experimentally demonstrated to be able to maintain straight and level flight in complete darkness within a wind tunnel for durations as long as one minute.4

Disorientation in Other Bird Species
To the knowledge of the author, this is the first instance of spatial disorientation in any of the gull species to be reported in the literature. It has previously been reported in association with conditions manifesting limited visibility—but not involving popcorn bags—in other birds, including Canada geese (Branta canadensis), lesser snow geese (Anser caerulescens caerulescens)5, and king eiders (Somateria spectablis).6

The deaths of several hundred blackbirds in Beebe Arkansas on New Year's Day 2011 also have several factors (dark night, birds with poor night vision, events that startle a flock into flight, etc.) common to the prior events attributed to spatial disorientation. Nearly all of these cases have involved flocking birds, although there might be a selection bias at work since 5,000 dead blackbirds tends to warrant mention more of an investigation and report than a single dead bird. However, there may be some behavioral issues that predispose flocking birds to mass fatality events due to spatial disorientation. The tendency to "follow the leader" may lead to a flock of birds crashing into the ground in an avian version of the infamous 1982 "diamond crash" of four T-38 jets flown by the United States Air Force Thunderbirds Air Demonstration Team, which impacted the ground during a training mission to practice a formation loop.

(Image credit: Flickr user Rev. Xanatos Satanicos Bombasticos (ClintJCL))

Pigeons and Blindfolds, and Humans
Spatial disorientation has also been experimentally demonstrated among racing pigeons fitted with blindfolds and placed into a small centrifuge prior to release for flight.7 It was noted that covering the birds' eyes alone was not sufficient to induce spatial disorientation. No spinning or other abnormal flight attitudes were noted in the case reported here prior to removal of visual cues.

However, given that in humans it is possible to induce spatial disorientation through rotation of the head about the horizontal axis in absence o a fixed visual reference point, the author postulates that the final triggering event in the apparent disorientation demonstrated by the gull in this case might have been the bird turning its head within the bag in an effort to orient itself to the ground. There is no definitive proof of this at present, and attempts at testing this and other possible explanations for the behaviors witnessed under experimental conditions should be considered.

Implications, Possibly
The previously mentioned examples of mortality associated with collisions with terrain or water among flocking birds is distinct from the case reported here in that in this case, the entire sequence was directly witnessed by a researcher. Beyond raising the question of the potential utility of the species involved in this case as a research model for spatial disorientation research, this case revives the potential role of disorientation as an explanation for otherwise unexplained incidents of avian mortality, both involving lone individuals and flocks. This is despite the fact that the bird in this case seemed to not have been significantly injured after apparently impacting with what appeared to be a substantial degree of force.

In the setting of a mass avian fatality event that is otherwise without obvious explanation, the need for a complete investigation—both on scene and otherwise—cannot be understated. Necropsies are essential to whatever degree is necessary to establish the cause of death and to rule out potential foul play (such as poisoning) as well as to ensure that a communicable disease with either veterinary or human public health implications is either identified or ruled out. In the event of trauma without a clear explanation, such as the cases previously described in the literature, further investigation into the weather and lighting conditions (both natural and artificial in nature) in the hours or days leading up to the discovery of the birds is warranted to ascertain whether the conditions might have led to a spatial disorientation incident.

Other weather-related factors that must be considered if the conditions support their presence include lightning-related mortality8, hailstone trauma9, and the possibility of birds encountering exceedingly strong updrafts, downdrafts, or microbursts while in flight.10 Finally, the potential role of a popcorn bag must be considered in all unexplained bird deaths.

(Image credit: Flickr user Quinn Dombrowski)

Notes
1 Collins W.E., Dollar C.S. Fatal General Aviation Accidents Involving Spatial Disorientation, 1976-1992. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office; 1996.

2 Bellrose F.C., Graber R.R. "A Radar Study of the Flight Directions of Nocturnal Migrants" in Proceedings of the XIII International Ornithological Congress, 17-24 June 1962, Ithaca, NY, pp. 362–89. Baton Rouge: American Ornithologist's Union, 1963.

3 Heppner F.H., Gabel J.E., March K. "Avian Flight Without Visual Reference: Preflight Spinning Produces Spatial Disorientation." Aviat Space Environ Med 2007;78:43–7.

4 Moyle R.G., Heppner F.H. "Flight Without Horizon Reference In European Starlings." Auk 1998;115:771–4.

5 Wobeser G., Gillespie M., Wyatt T. "Mortality of Geese as a Result of Collision with the Ground." J Wildlife Diseases 2005;41(2):463–6.

6 Mallory M.L., Gilchrist H.G., Jamieson S.E., Robertson G., Campbell D.G. "Unusual Migration Mortality of king Eiders in Central Baffin Island." Waterbirds 2001;24:453–6.

7 Heppner 2007.

8 Bye W. "Cooked geese." Nature Canada 1998;27(2):6.

9 Duff JP. "Suspected Wild Bird Mortality Due to Stormy Weather and Hailstones." Vet Record 2007;160(25):884.

10 Thrower W. Norfolk Bird Report, 1980;25:102–4.

__________________________

This article is republished with permission from the September-October 2011 issue of the Annals of Improbable Research. You can download or purchase back issues of the magazine, or subscribe to receive future issues. Or get a subscription for someone as a gift!

Visit their website for more research that makes people LAUGH and then THINK.

Engraved Tools

Posted: 10 Jan 2012 05:10 AM PST

Hand woodworking tools are classy by themselves, but engraving artist Catharine Kennedy takes them a step further. The delicately carved surfaces of her planes are simply gorgeous. Obviously, they will cut better afterward.

Link -via Make

Ackbar’s Trap bar

Posted: 10 Jan 2012 04:02 AM PST


(YouTube link)

If you remember the Cadbury ad campaign of 2007, then consider this a parody. If you don’t, well then it’s Chewbacca playing a Phil Collins song on drums, which is awesome enough, right? -Thanks, Nick!

Totally Trippy Retro Animatic For The Hobbit

Posted: 10 Jan 2012 12:06 AM PST

(YouTube Link)

Way before Peter Jackson turned the works of Tolkien into an epic series of movies, before Rankin Bass presented us with an awesome animated version of the books, there was another animated version in the works.

And by the looks of this animatic for The Hobbit, which was created by animator Gene Dietch in 1966, it was going to be one tripped out ride. The style reminds me of Mary Blair (Disney’s Small World) or Jay Ward (Rocky & Bullwinkle), but what do you think? Would you have enjoyed watching The Hobbit animated if it were produced in this style?

–via ComicsAlliance

This Guy Wants To Bring The Science Of Sexy Back

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 11:56 PM PST

This one’s for all you science studs, because we all know that the sexiest organ in the human body is the brain.

And, while keeping your eyes glued to a textbook doesn’t help your body get into shape, it will work wonders for your self esteem, and someday your pocketbook, if you’re lucky!

So, put on your space themed tie and some blue jeans and show the world how sexy science can be.

Link

An Amazing 3D Animation Short Called Electro Shock

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 11:51 PM PST

(YouTube Link)

This incredibly well made cartoon is the product of some talented students from the ESMA School of the Arts in France, and packs a full length feature worth of content into an eight minute long short.

With an endearing storyline, cute cartoony style and some sweet visual effects, it’s so slick that I can hardly believe that it was made by student animators! Check it out and see if Electro Shock changes the way you think about superheroes.

–via Cartoon Brew

Amigurumi Cockroaches

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 07:33 PM PST

These little guys by Dessy TAB are so cute that they’ll always be welcome in my kitchen. I know: some people don’t like cockroaches. But that’s only because they’re jealous of roaches’ ability to survive a nuclear war.

Link -via Craft

Winners of the 2011 National Geographic Photo Contest

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 07:24 PM PST

National Geographic has selected the winning images for their annual contest, and they are amazing. Pictured above is Kent Shiraishi’s photograph of a frozen hot spring at a resort in Biei, Japan. It won an honorable mention in the nature category. View the other winners at the link.

Link -via Marilyn Terrell

The Joy of Books

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 07:17 PM PST


(YouTube link)

The magic begins after closing time at Type Books in Toronto. This video is brought to you by the same folks who did Organizing the Bookcase last year, with a lot of help from friends. – via I Am Bored

In Its Defense, The Chewbacca Burger Is Accurate

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 06:37 PM PST


(Video Link)

The Darth Vader burger is black, so it makes sense that the Chewbacca burger is hairy. It may be unpleasant to eat, but it’s important that we stick to a faithful presentation of the Star Wars franchise.

-via That’s Nerdalicious!

Amazing 3D Paintings of Goldfish Created with Resin

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 06:30 PM PST

What’s astonishing is that this is not a photograph of goldfish in a tank. Japanese artist Riusuke Fukahori creates three dimensional images of goldfish by painting them, layer by layer, separated by very thin sheets of resin. You can look at them from any angle and they look just like fish. Watch a video at the link demonstrating how Fukahori does it.

Link | Artist’s Website (Google Translate) | Photo: Dominic Alves

The Ballad of @Horse_ebooks

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 06:28 PM PST

A simple and not-too-effective spam Twitter account has become an internet phenomenon. @Horse_ebooks may or may not be a ‘bot, but the nonsensical snippets that it Tweets, supposedly from the ebooks it is trying to sell, has caused over 25,000 people to follow the account.

I tend to liken horse_ebooks to some wacky public access show you might have watched in college. There’s no comedic motive — as with the weirdo doing a foreign events call-in show at 3:00 in the morning, there's no irony — but it doesn’t carry that guilt of mockery: you are not, and couldn’t be, making fun of Horse_ebooks. If anything, it’s making fun of you.

Whatever the appeal — explication does more harm than good — it's stuck with people. Someone started a genuinely good horse_ebooks fanfiction site. There's Horse_ecomics, which posts comics inspired by the account's Tweets, and a litany of smaller tributes: people have had ordered framed images of the account's avatar, turned Tweets into mug inscriptions ("Swallow that garbage"), and renamed their Twitter accounts in it honor.

John Herrman at Splitsider explains what he knows about this account, and how it has taken off as a rising star on Twitter and in the larger internet universe. Link -via Boing Boing

Accused Drug Trafficker Shows up to Court Wearing Jacket Featuring Recipe for Crack Cocaine

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 05:51 PM PST

When you go to court, dress professionally. Well, maybe not if you’re a professional drug dealer:

A man accused of drug trafficking showed up for court Friday in Fort Lauderdale sporting a jacket that bore a cartoon-style recipe for cooking crack cocaine. [...]

The man’s white jacket looked like a how-to guide for making crack cocaine, with a series of little pictures of a white substance with a spoon, a carton of baking soda and a little pot over a fire. The end product was a “rock,” slang for the drug.

The finishing touch was the slogan “stack paper say nothing” — make money and hold onto it, in the vernacular.

Witnesses, including the man’s attorney Joshua Rydell, would not reveal the name of the man, who did not get into trouble for his threads.

Rydell said his clients still surprise him by wearing drug-related attire to court.

“Giant marijuana leaves on their T-shirts…” Rydell said. “It’s so common that I routinely advise clients, ‘No drug-related clothes when you come to court.’”

Link -via Dave Barry | Photo: Michael D. Weinstein

The Lord of the Rings Pin-Up Style Tattoo

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 05:40 PM PST

I’ve only read through Fellowship and halfway through Two Towers, so I assume that this scene takes place later in the trilogy. But then why wasn’t it featured in the movies?

Link -via Fashionably Geek

Portal 2 Cocktails

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 05:07 PM PST

If you drink enough of these, the physics will start to make sense. The Drunken Moogle, teacher of many geeky cocktail recipes, brings us the perfect Portal 2 drink. It was developed by James Dance. You’ll need blue curacao, vodka, lemonade, cointreau, rum and Orangina.

Link -via Technabob | Photo: James Dance

Sculptures from Antique Guns

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 04:59 PM PST

Krystopher Sapp takes antique gun parts and reassembles them into fanciful sculptures. This is “The Privateer,” and it looks the part. It’s made from the remains of a Savage, a M1 Garand, an ’03 Springfield, an AR-16 and a M-16. His exhibit, “When a Good Man Goes to War,” is on display at La Luz de Jesus Gallery in Los Angeles until January 29.

Link -via My Modern Met

Star Wars Van Is Ideal for the Kessel Run

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 04:44 PM PST

This 1979 Dodge Ram Van, for sale on eBay, is a discreet, unobtrusive way of conveying your support for the Rebel Alliance. The interior isn’t equipped for the full Star Wars experience, but think of that as a project that you can work on. The exterior is enough to give you the lifestyle that you crave:

Kids point, mouths gape, even had a cop turn around and pull over to have his picture made with it. I have owned many awesome cars over the years and this one has been the MOST fun. People actually hang out of their car taking pictures as you drive down the INTERSTATE! This van was one of those life experience check offs. “Owned an amazing custom star wars van-CHECK”. Whoever buys her, you are buying not just a van, but a LIFE EXPERIENCE. Are you a minor celebrity? Well, get ready.

Link -via Walyou (warning: auto-sound)

The Cat is Planning Something Evil

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 02:35 PM PST


(YouTube link)

Ignoramusky is back with another cat video dramatically enhanced with a soundtrack. If I saw my cat looking like this, I’d be worried about my safety -or at least my curtains! -via Cynical C

Panda Mask

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 11:45 AM PST

Panda Knit Mask | $12.95

Hey there, panda bear! How cool it is to stay warm with the Panda Knit Mask over your head -on the ski slopes or on the way to school. This 100% acrylic, machine washable ski mask is available at the NeatoShop. Roll it up like a hat, or roll it down and see out the holes to keep your face warm. To keep your whole family warm (and still tell them apart), check out the entire selection of knit ski masks from the NeatoShop.

Link

How Gigantopithecus Became Extinct

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 11:17 AM PST

We don’t know about Sasquatch, but we know a giant ape we call Gigantopithecus roamed South Asia until about 300,000 years ago. Gigantopithecus resembled a ten-foot-tall orangutan and weighed about three times as much as a large gorilla. What happened to these great apes?

The features of the dentition—large, flat molars, thick dental enamel, a deep, massive jaw—indicate Gigantopithecus probably ate tough, fibrous plants (similar to Paranthropus). More evidence came in 1990, when Russell Ciochon, a biological anthropologist at the University of Iowa, and colleagues (PDF) placed samples of the ape's teeth under a scanning electron microscope to look for opal phytoliths, microscopic silica structures that form in plant cells. Based on the types of phyoliths the researchers found stuck to the teeth, they concluded Gigantopithecus had a mixed diet of fruits and seeds from the fig family Moraceae and some kind of grasses, probably bamboo. The combination of tough and sugary foods helps explain why so many of the giant ape's teeth were riddled with cavities. And numerous pits on Gigantopithecus's teeth—a sign of incomplete dental development caused by malnuntrition or food shortages—corroborate the bamboo diet. Ciochon's team noted bamboo species today periodically experience mass die-offs, which affect the health of pandas. The same thing could have happened to Gigantopithecus.

Read more about Gigantopithecus at Smithsonian’s Hominid Hunting blog. Link

(Image credit: Flickr user Lindsay Holmwood)

Baseball’s 90 Percent Club

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 10:55 AM PST

The newest members of the Baseball Hall of Fame are to be announced today. I found out that no player has ever been inducted with 100% of the votes tallied. But there have been 27 players who got 90% or more of the votes cast. How many of those players can you name? I could only name ten, and that was with a list of Hall-of-Famers and my husband’s help! Maybe you can beat the current average of 39%. Link

Sexy & Dangerous

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 09:31 AM PST

Twaggies has a new home! Now you can find Twaggies at GoComics. Use the arrows or calendar icon to find all the Twaggies. If you create an account at GoComics, you can subscribe to get a daily Twaggie sent to you. I particularly liked this Twaggie, illustrated from a Tweet from @lunchyprices because I feel the same way in my ancient Mamabus. Link

A Pony in Every Garage

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 09:01 AM PST


(YouTube link)

President Obama, Mitt Romney, and the other politicians you see every day aren’t the only ones running for president in 2012. Vermin Supreme is one of the candidates who appeared at the Lesser-Known Democratic Candidates Presidential Forum held at St. Anselm College in New Hampshire on December 19th. -via The Daily What

Little Miss Laugh-Out-Loud

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 08:28 AM PST

Congratulations to Neatorama artist Adam Koford (Ape Lad) and his wife on the arrival of Elsa, who was born over the weekend. There’s the explanation of why one of his cartoons was posted twice on Friday! Link -Thanks, John Farrier!

(Image credit: Flickr user Ape Lad)

Sweden’s Silliest Place Names

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 07:52 AM PST

We’ve read about strange and sometimes embarrassing place names in Britain and the U.S., but English-speaking tourists often don’t know when a place name in another language is, shall we say, unusual. Thanks to the English-language Swedish site The Local, we can get translations for the strangest-named places in Sweden.

People outside Uppsala, for example, can take a stroll in the terrain of Djupröven (Deep Arse), and outside Gothenburg one can enjoy a swim in any of the Yellow, Small or Big Arse lakes (Gula Röven, Lilla Röven, Stora Röven).

A somewhat cuter name but still perhaps not the first pick to put on your resumé, is Kattsjärten in Värmland. The Local’s translation for this (hopefully) unusual name is Cat’s Bottom.

But that’s just the beginning. Check out Sex Swamp, Snot Bog, and more. Link -via Fark

Mannings Cat Meow Story 2012

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 07:48 AM PST


(YouTube link)

I don’t know what Mannings is advertising here, but it’s a lovely story of selfless devotion nonetheless. A Babelfish translation of the related site offered no help, but if you can read Chinese, you may be able to clue us in. Link -via Everlasting Blort

Free Cat

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 07:33 AM PST

If this were in my local paper, I’d help pay to have a picture of the cat posted. After all, there are young people who don’t know what Barbra Streisand looks like. -via Criggo

Couple Married for 86 Years

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 07:31 AM PST

Karam and Kartari Chand of Bradford, England, recently celebrated their 86th wedding anniversary. They married when Kartari was just 13 and Karam a few years older.

Karam Chand was born in a small rural village in the Punjab in northern India in 1905.

His family worked in farming and, in keeping with the custom of the time, he married at a young age.

His bride Kartari was born in the same district in 1912. According to their passports, that currently makes Mr Chand 106 and his wife 99 years old.

They wed in a typical Sikh ceremony in December 1925 and have just celebrated their 86th year together as a married couple, which they think may qualify them as the UK’s longest married husband and wife.

The Chands live with one of their eight children. They also have 27 grandchildren and 23 great grandchildren. Link -via Arbroath

30-Story Building Built in 15 Days

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 07:28 AM PST


(YouTube link)

The Chinese construction company Broad Group built a 30-story hotel in just 15 days (360 hours) in December. This time-lapse video shows the process. See another, longer video showing more details at Geekosystem. Link

Titanic Shower Curtain

Posted: 09 Jan 2012 06:45 AM PST

Titanic Shower Curtain | $15.95

Ahoy there! Going down? Do it in style while showering up with this Titanic Shower Curtain designed by Jan Habraken, available at the NeatoShop. Install it in your bathroom and see how many people “get” it. Even if they don’t, it still looks cool! This PVC-free shower curtain is made from 100% EVA, and you can peek out through the portholes. Check it out, as well as the other Titanic items and the other clever and fashionable shower curtains at the NeatoShop!

Link

No comments:

Post a Comment

Keep a civil tongue.

Label Cloud

Technology (1464) News (793) Military (646) Microsoft (542) Business (487) Software (394) Developer (382) Music (360) Books (357) Audio (316) Government (308) Security (300) Love (262) Apple (242) Storage (236) Dungeons and Dragons (228) Funny (209) Google (194) Cooking (187) Yahoo (186) Mobile (179) Adobe (177) Wishlist (159) AMD (155) Education (151) Drugs (145) Astrology (139) Local (137) Art (134) Investing (127) Shopping (124) Hardware (120) Movies (119) Sports (109) Neatorama (94) Blogger (93) Christian (67) Mozilla (61) Dictionary (59) Science (59) Entertainment (50) Jewelry (50) Pharmacy (50) Weather (48) Video Games (44) Television (36) VoIP (25) meta (23) Holidays (14)

Popular Posts