Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 07 February 2017

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07 February 2017      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               PALGRAVE COMMUNICATIONS SPECIAL ISSUE LAUNCH: On balance: lifestyle, mental health and wellbeing This special issue aims to explore how the changing notions of balance have been used to understand the causes of mental illness, to rationalise new approaches to its treatment and prevention, and to validate advice relating to balance in work and family life. Learn more >>                Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences           Biological Sciences ▲ top               High-throughput sequencing of multiple amplicons for barcoding and integrative taxonomy ▶     Perrine Cruaud, Jean-Yves Rasplus, Lillian Jennifer Rodriguez et al.     Until now, the potential of NGS for the construction of barcode libraries or integrative taxonomy has been seldom realised. Here, we amplified (two-step PCR) and simultaneously …             The interrelated effect of sleep and learning in dogs (Canis familiaris); an EEG and behavioural study ▶     Anna Kis, Sára Szakadát, Márta Gácsi et al.     The active role of sleep in memory consolidation is still debated, and due to a large between-species variation, the investigation of a wide range of different animal species …             Post-polyploidisation morphotype diversification associates with gene copy number variation ▶     Sarah Schiessl, Bruno Huettel, Diana Kuehn et al.     Genetic models for polyploid crop adaptation provide important information relevant for future breeding prospects. A well-suited model is Brassica napus, a recent allopolyploid …             Microbial shifts in the porcine distal gut in response to diets supplemented with Enterococcus Faecalis as alternatives to antibiotics ▶     Pinghua Li, Qing Niu, Qingtian Wei et al.     Gut microbiota plays an important role in host health and nutrient digestion of animals. Probiotics have become one of effective alternatives to antibiotics enhancing animal …             Relationship between auxiliary gamma subunits and mallotoxin on BK channel modulation ▶     Xin Guan, Qin Li, Jiusheng Yan     The large-conductance, calcium- and voltage-activated K+(BK) channel consists of the pore-forming α subunits (BKα) and auxiliary subunits. The auxiliary γ1-3 subunits potently …             The Promotion of Erythropoiesis via the Regulation of Reactive Oxygen Species by Lactic Acid ▶     Shun-Tao Luo, Dong-Mei Zhang, Qing Qin et al.     The simultaneous increases in blood lactic acid and erythrocytes after intense exercise could suggest a link between lactate and the erythropoiesis. However, the effects of …             High affinity anchoring of the decoration protein pb10 onto the bacteriophage T5 capsid ▶     Emeline Vernhes, Madalena Renouard, Bernard Gilquin et al.     Bacteriophage capsids constitute icosahedral shells of exceptional stability that protect the viral genome. Many capsids display on their surface decoration proteins whose …             A potent synthetic inorganic antibiotic with activity against drug-resistant pathogens ▶     Shelby Hubick, Arumugam Jayaraman, Alexander McKeen et al.     The acronymously named “ESKAPE” pathogens represent a group of bacteria that continue to pose a serious threat to human health, not only due to their propensity for repeated …             Enhancing the biocatalytic manufacture of the key intermediate of atorvastatin by focused directed evolution of halohydrin dehalogenase ▶     Yu Luo, Yangzi Chen, Hongmin Ma et al.     Halohydrin dehalogenases (HHDHs) are biocatalytically interesting enzymes due to their ability to form C-C, C-N, C-O, and C-S bonds. One of most important application of HHDH was …             Human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells maintain phenotype but alter their metabolism after exposure to ROCK inhibitor ▶     Spyros I. Vernardis, Konstantinos Terzoudis, Nicki Panoskaltsis et al.     Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are adhesion-dependent cells that require cultivation in colonies to maintain growth and pluripotency. Robust differentiation protocols …             Recombinant Phage Elicits Protective Immune Response against Systemic S. globosa Infection in Mouse Model ▶     Feng Chen, Rihua Jiang, Yicun Wang et al.     Sporothrix globosa is a type of fungus that typically infects immunocompromised patients. Its prevention continues to pose a challenge. A 70-KDa glycoprotein (Gp70) of Sporothrix …             Novel Treatment of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease in Mice Using the ER Stress Reducer 4-Phenylbutyric Acid ▶     Shin Mukai, Yoko Ogawa, Fumihiko Urano et al.     Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a notorious complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and causes disabling systemic inflammation and …             Spectrally monitoring the response of the biocrust moss Syntrichia caninervis to altered precipitation regimes ▶     Kristina E. Young, Sasha C. Reed     Climate change is expected to impact drylands worldwide by increasing temperatures and changing precipitation patterns. These effects have known feedbacks to the functional roles …             Microbial Typing by Machine Learned DNA Melt Signatures ▶     Nadya Andini, Bo Wang, Pornpat Athamanolap et al.     There is still an ongoing demand for a simple broad-spectrum molecular diagnostic assay for pathogenic bacteria. For this purpose, we developed a single-plex High Resolution Melt …             Identification of two novel Rhizoctonia solani-inducible cis-acting elements in the promoter of the maize gene, GRMZM2G315431 ▶     Ning Li, Jing Chen, Fangfang Yang et al.     Plants are continuously exposed to myriad pathogen stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms by which these stress signals are perceived and transduced are poorly understood. …             Implementation of a method to visualize noise-induced hearing loss in mass stranded cetaceans ▶     Maria Morell, Andrew Brownlow, Barry McGovern et al.     Assessment of the impact of noise over-exposure in stranded cetaceans is challenging, as the lesions that lead to hearing loss occur at the cellular level and inner ear cells are …             Potential role of corneal epithelial cell-derived exosomes in corneal wound healing and neovascularization ▶     Kyu-Yeon Han, Jennifer A. Tran, Jin-Hong Chang et al.     Specific factors from the corneal epithelium underlying the stimulation of stromal fibrosis and myofibroblast formation in corneal wound healing have not been fully elucidated. …             Modulation of Microglial Cell Fcγ Receptor Expression Following Viral Brain Infection ▶     Priyanka Chauhan, Shuxian Hu, Wen S. Sheng et al.     Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) for IgG couple innate and adaptive immunity through activation of effector cells by antigen-antibody complexes. We investigated relative levels of …             New Insights on Signal Propagation by Sensory Rhodopsin II/Transducer Complex ▶     A. Ishchenko, E. Round, V. Borshchevskiy et al.     The complex of two membrane proteins, sensory rhodopsin II (NpSRII) with its cognate transducer (NpHtrII), mediates negative phototaxis in halobacteria N. pharaonis. Upon light …             Generation of PDGFRα+ Cardioblasts from Pluripotent Stem Cells ▶     Seon Pyo Hong, Sukhyun Song, Sung Woo Cho et al.     Isolating actively proliferating cardioblasts is the first crucial step for cardiac regeneration through cell implantation. However, the origin and identity of putative …             Paeoniflorin Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis via Inhibition of Dendritic Cell Function and Th17 Cell Differentiation ▶     Han Zhang, Yuanyuan Qi, Yuanyang Yuan et al.     Paeoniflorin (PF) is a monoterpene glycoside and exhibits multiple effects, including anti-inflammation and immunoregulation. To date, the effect of PF on multiple sclerosis (MS) …             Structural analysis and evolution of specificity of the SUMO UFD E1-E2 interactions ▶     Bing Liu, L. Maria Lois, David Reverter     SUMO belongs to the ubiquitin-like family (UbL) of protein modifiers. SUMO is conserved among eukaryotes and is essential for the regulation of processes such as DNA damage …             Relevance of mortalin to cancer cell stemness and cancer therapy ▶     Chae-Ok Yun, Priyanshu Bhargava, Youjin Na et al.     Mortalin/mtHsp70 is a member of Hsp70 family of proteins. Enriched in a large variety of cancers, it has been shown to contribute to the process of carcinogenesis by multiple …             Small RNA-directed epigenetic programming of embryonic stem cell cardiac differentiation ▶     Hossein Ghanbarian, Nicole Wagner, Jean-François Michiels et al.     Microinjection of small noncoding RNAs in one-cell embryos was reported in several instances to result in transcriptional activation of target genes. To determine the molecular …             A universal computational model for predicting antigenic variants of influenza A virus based on conserved antigenic structures ▶     Yousong Peng, Dayan Wang, Jianhong Wang et al.     Rapid determination of the antigenicity of influenza A virus could help identify the antigenic variants in time. Currently, there is a lack of computational models for predicting …             Novel flow cytometry approach to identify bronchial epithelial cells from healthy human airways ▶     Danay Maestre-Batlle, Olga M. Pena, Jeremy A. Hirota et al.     Sampling various compartments within the lower airways to examine human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) is essential for understanding numerous lung diseases. Conventional …             Seawater acidification induced immune function changes of haemocytes in Mytilus edulis: a comparative study of CO2 and HCl enrichment ▶     Tianli Sun, Xuexi Tang, Yongshun Jiang et al.     The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of CO2− or HCl-induced seawater acidification (pH 7.7 or 7.1; control: pH 8.1) on haemocytes of Mytilus edulis, and the …             Transcriptome sequencing identifies novel persistent viruses in herbicide resistant wild-grasses ▶     Federico Sabbadin, Rachel Glover, Rebecca Stafford et al.     Herbicide resistance in wild grasses is widespread in the UK, with non-target site resistance (NTSR) to multiple chemistries being particularly problematic in weed control. As a …             Corrigendum: Modulation of AMPA receptor mediated current by nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in layer I neurons of rat prefrontal cortex ▶     Bo Tang, Dong Luo, Jie Yang et al.                 Hybridogenesis and a potential case of R2 non-LTR retrotransposon horizontal transmission in Bacillus stick insects (Insecta Phasmida) ▶     Claudia Scavariello, Andrea Luchetti, Francesco Martoni et al.     Horizontal transfer (HT) is an event in which the genetic material is transferred from one species to another, even if distantly related, and it has been demonstrated as a …             Expression of human endogenous retrovirus-K is strongly associated with the basal-like breast cancer phenotype ▶     Gary L. Johanning, Gabriel G. Malouf, Xiaofeng Zheng et al.     Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), which make up approximately 8% of the human genome, are overexpressed in some breast cancer cells and tissues but without regard to cancer …             MicroRNA-130b targets PTEN to mediate drug resistance and proliferation of breast cancer cells via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway ▶     Yuan Miao, Wei Zheng, Nana Li et al.     Multidrug resistance (MDR) correlates with treatment failure and poor prognosis among breast cancer patients. This study was aimed to investigate the possible mechanism by which …             The interaction of perceptual biases in bistable perception ▶     Xue Zhang, Qian Xu, Yi Jiang et al.     When viewing ambiguous stimuli, people tend to perceive some interpretations more frequently than others. Such perceptual biases impose various types of constraints on visual …             Insights into structure and activity of natural compound inhibitors of pneumolysin ▶     Hongen Li, Xiaoran Zhao, Xuming Deng et al.     Pneumolysin is the one of the major virulence factor of the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. In previous report, it is shown that β-sitosterol, a natural compound without …             Flavonol-induced changes in PIN2 polarity and auxin transport in the Arabidopsis thaliana rol1-2 mutant require phosphatase activity ▶     Benjamin M. Kuhn, Tomasz Nodzyński, Sanae Errafi et al.     The phytohormone auxin is a major determinant and regulatory component important for plant development. Auxin transport between cells is mediated by a complex system of …             The ATP binding cassette transporter, ABCG1, localizes to cortical actin filaments ▶     Elvis Pandzic, Ingrid C. Gelissen, Renee Whan et al.     The ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1 (ABCG1) exports cellular cholesterol to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). However, a number of recent studies have suggested ABCG1 …             Corrigendum: Fishing-induced life-history changes degrade and destabilize harvested ecosystems ▶     Anna Kuparinen, Alice Boit, Fernanda S. Valdovinos et al.                 Alterations in rice chloroplast integrity, photosynthesis and metabolome associated with pathogenesis of Rhizoctonia solani ▶     Srayan Ghosh, Poonam Kanwar, Gopaljee Jha     Sheath blight disease is caused by a necrotrophic fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani and it continues to be a challenge for sustainable rice cultivation. In this study, we …             Limb proportions show developmental plasticity in response to embryo movement ▶     A. S. Pollard, B. G. Charlton, J. R. Hutchinson et al.     Animals have evolved limb proportions adapted to different environments, but it is not yet clear to what extent these proportions are directly influenced by the environment …             Microbial nitrification, denitrification and respiration in the leached cinnamon soil of the upper basin of Miyun Reservoir ▶     Wen Xu, Yan-Peng Cai, Zhi-Feng Yang et al.     Leached cinnamon soil is the main agricultural soil distributed in the North China Plain. In this research, leached cinnamon soil samples were collected in the upper basin of …             Micheliolide provides protection of mice against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA infection by down-regulating inflammatory response ▶     Xinru Jiang, Yuli Wang, Yifei Qin et al.     A major obstacle to therapy in intensive care units is sepsis caused by severe infection. In recent years gram-positive (G+) bacteria, most commonly staphylococci, are thought to …             Pharmacological Inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Reduces Food Intake and Sensitizes Leptin’s Anorectic Signaling Actions ▶     Su Gao, Shannon Howard, Philip V. LoGrasso     The role for c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) in the control of feeding and energy balance is not well understood. Here, by use of novel and highly selective JNK inhibitors, we …             Fungal endophyte-derived Fritillaria unibracteata var. wabuensis: diversity, antioxidant capacities in vitro and relations to phenolic, flavonoid or saponin compounds ▶     Feng Pan, Tian-Jiao Su, Shi-Mei Cai et al.     Diverse fungal endophytes are rich fungal resources for the production of an enormous quantity of natural products. In the present study, 53 fungal endophytes were isolated from …             Goliath catfish spawning in the far western Amazon confirmed by the distribution of mature adults, drifting larvae and migrating juveniles ▶     Ronaldo B. Barthem, Michael Goulding, Rosseval G. Leite et al.     We mapped the inferred long-distance migrations of four species of Amazonian goliath catfishes (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii, B. platynemum, B. juruense and B. vaillantii) based …             Multi-Instance Metric Transfer Learning for Genome-Wide Protein Function Prediction ▶     Yonghui Xu, Huaqing Min, Qingyao Wu et al.     Multi-Instance (MI) learning has been proven to be effective for the genome-wide protein function prediction problems where each training example is associated with multiple …             Enhanced Development of Skeletal Myotubes from Porcine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ▶     Nicholas J. Genovese, Timothy L. Domeier, Bhanu Prakash V. L. Telugu et al.     The pig is recognized as a valuable model in biomedical research in addition to its agricultural importance. Here we describe a means for generating skeletal muscle efficiently …             Acellular Urethra Bioscaffold: Decellularization of Whole Urethras for Tissue Engineering Applications ▶     Irina N. Simões, Paulo Vale, Shay Soker et al.     Patients with stress urinary incontinence mainly suffer from malfunction of the urethra closure mechanism. We established the decellularization of porcine urethras to produce …             Genome-wide indel/SSR scanning reveals significant loci associated with excellent agronomic traits of a cabbage (Brassica oleracea) elite parental line ‘01–20’ ▶     Honghao Lv, Qingbiao Wang, Fengqing Han et al.     Elite parental lines are of great significance to crop breeding. To discover unique genomic loci associated with excellent economic traits in the elite cabbage inbred-line …             Combined analysis of mRNA and miRNA identifies dehydration and salinity responsive key molecular players in citrus roots ▶     Rangjin Xie, Jin Zhang, Yanyan Ma et al.     Citrus is one of the most economically important fruit crops around world. Drought and salinity stresses adversely affected its productivity and fruit quality. However, the …             Future forest aboveground carbon dynamics in the central United States: the importance of forest demographic processes ▶     Wenchi Jin, Hong S. He, Frank R. Thompson III et al.     The Central Hardwood Forest (CHF) in the United States is currently a major carbon sink, there are uncertainties in how long the current carbon sink will persist and if the CHF …             High-resolution traction force microscopy on small focal adhesions - improved accuracy through optimal marker distribution and optical flow tracking ▶     Claude N. Holenstein, Unai Silvan, Jess G. Snedeker     The accurate determination of cellular forces using Traction Force Microscopy at increasingly small focal attachments to the extracellular environment presents an important yet …             A Noise Trimming and Positional Significance of Transposon Insertion System to Identify Essential Genes in Yersinia pestis ▶     Zheng Rong Yang, Helen L. Bullifent, Karen Moore et al.     Massively parallel sequencing technology coupled with saturation mutagenesis has provided new and global insights into gene functions and roles. At a simplistic level, the …             β1- and β2-adrenergic stimulation-induced electrogenic transport by human endolymphatic sac epithelium and its clinical implications ▶     Bo Gyung Kim, Jin Young Kim, JinSei Jung et al.     The endolymphatic sac (ES) is a cystic structure of the inner ear connected to the cochlea and vestibule, which plays a role in regulating ion homeostasis in inner ear fluid. …             Heavy Chain-Hyaluronan/Pentraxin 3 from Amniotic Membrane Suppresses Inflammation and Scarring in Murine Lacrimal Gland and Conjunctiva of Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease ▶     Yoko Ogawa, Hua He, Shin Mukai et al.     Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Dry eye disease is the prominent ocular sequel of cGVHD and is …             Characteristics, chemical compositions and biological activities of propolis from Al-Bahah, Saudi Arabia ▶     Yasser A. Elnakady, Ahmed I. Rushdi, Raimo Franke et al.     Propolis has been used to treat several diseases since ancient times, and is an important source of bioactive natural compounds and drug derivatives. These properties have kept …             GPR155 Serves as a Predictive Biomarker for Hematogenous Metastasis in Patients with Gastric Cancer ▶     Dai Shimizu, Mitsuro Kanda, Haruyoshi Tanaka et al.     The prognosis of patients with gastric cancer (GC) with hematogenous metastasis is dismal. Identification of biomarkers specific for hematogenous metastasis is required to …             Therapeutic effects of Euphorbia Pekinensis and Glycyrrhiza glabra on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Ascites Partially Via Regulating the Frk-Arhgdib-Inpp5d-Avpr2-Aqp4 Signal Axis ▶     Yanqiong Zhang, Chen Yan, Yuting Li et al.     To clarify unknown rationalities of herbaceous compatibility of Euphorbia Pekinensis (DJ) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (GC) acting on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ascites, peritoneum …             Bet-hedging in bacteriocin producing Escherichia coli populations: the single cell perspective ▶     Bihter Bayramoglu, David Toubiana, Simon van Vliet et al.     Production of public goods in biological systems is often a collaborative effort that may be detrimental to the producers. It is therefore sustainable only if a small fraction of …             Alcohol and nicotine codependence-associated DNA methylation changes in promoter regions of addiction-related genes ▶     Hongqin Xu, Fan Wang, Henry R. Kranzler et al.     Altered DNA methylation in addiction-related genes may modify the susceptibility to alcohol or drug dependence (AD or ND). We profiled peripheral blood DNA methylation levels of …             Light-sheet fluorescence imaging to localize cardiac lineage and protein distribution ▶     Yichen Ding, Juhyun Lee, Jianguo Ma et al.     Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) serves to advance developmental research and regenerative medicine. Coupled with the paralleled advances in fluorescence-friendly …             Novel Protective Role of Myeloid Differentiation 1 in Pathological Cardiac Remodelling ▶     Xiaojv Xiong, Yu Liu, Yang Mei et al.     Myeloid differentiation 1 (MD-1), a secreted protein interacting with radioprotective 105 (RP105), plays an important role in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling pathway. …             Role of E-type prostaglandin receptor EP3 in the vasoconstrictor activity evoked by prostacyclin in thromboxane-prostanoid receptor deficient mice ▶     Zhenhua Li, Yingzhan Zhang, Bin Liu et al.     Prostacyclin, also termed as prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), evokes contraction in vessels with limited expression of the prostacyclin receptor. Although the thromboxane-prostanoid …             Anodically Grown Titania Nanotube Induced Cytotoxicity has Genotoxic Origins ▶     M. Sheikh Mohamed, Aida Torabi, Maggie Paulose et al.     Nanoarchitectures of titania (TiO2) have been widely investigated for a number of medical applications including implants and drug delivery. Although titania is extensively used …             The Demographic Features, Clinicopathological Characteristics and Cancer-specific Outcomes for Patients with Microinvasive Breast Cancer: A SEER Database Analysis ▶     Wenna Wang, Wenjie Zhu, Feng Du et al.     To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes of microinvasive breast cancer, we conducted an observational study of female diagnosed with DCIS or …             Personality and Augmenting/Reducing (A/R) in auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) during emotional visual stimulation ▶     Vilfredo De Pascalis, Francesca Fracasso, Philip J. Corr     An auditory augmenting/reducing ERP paradigm recorded for 5 intensity tones with emotional visual stimulation was used, for the first time, to test predictions derived from the …             Serum bilirubin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from two independent cohorts in middle-aged and elderly Chinese ▶     Jing Wang, Yaru Li, Xu Han et al.     Serum bilirubin is a potent endogenous antioxidant and has been identified as cardiovascular risk in cohort studies, while the relation to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly …             Coptisine from Rhizoma Coptidis Suppresses HCT-116 Cells-related Tumor Growth in vitro and in vivo ▶     Tao Huang, Yubo Xiao, Lin Yi et al.     Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in humans. Coptisine (COP) is a natural alkaloid from Coptidis Rhizoma with unclear antitumor …             A novel indication of platonin, a therapeutic immunomodulating medicine, on neuroprotection against ischemic stroke in mice ▶     Joen-Rong Sheu, Zhih-Cherng Chen, Thanasekaran Jayakumar et al.     Thrombosis and stroke are major causes of disability and death worldwide. However, the regular antithrombotic drugs may have unsatisfactory results and side effects. Platonin, a …             Quantitative global proteome and lysine succinylome analyses provide insights into metabolic regulation and lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer ▶     Yongxi Song, Jun Wang, Zhongyi Cheng et al.     With the rapid development of high-throughput quantitative proteomic and transcriptomic approaches, the molecular mechanisms of cancers have been comprehensively explored. …             Restenosis Inhibition and Re-differentiation of TGFβ/Smad3-activated Smooth Muscle Cells by Resveratrol ▶     Yichen Zhu, Toshio Takayama, Bowen Wang et al.     To date, there is no periadventitial drug delivery method available in the clinic to prevent restenotic failure of open vascular reconstructions. Resveratrol is a promising …             Wnt7a Inhibits IL-1β Induced Catabolic Gene Expression and Prevents Articular Cartilage Damage in Experimental Osteoarthritis ▶     Averi L. Gibson, Carrie K. Hui Mingalone, Andrea T. Foote et al.     Wnt7a is a protein that plays a critical role in skeletal development. However, its effect on cartilage homeostasis under pathological conditions is not known. In this study, we …             Molecular mutagenesis of ppGpp: turning a RelA activator into an inhibitor ▶     Jelena Beljantseva, Pavel Kudrin, Steffi Jimmy et al.     The alarmone nucleotide (p)ppGpp is a key regulator of bacterial metabolism, growth, stress tolerance and virulence, making (p)ppGpp-mediated signaling a promising target for …             Synergetic effects of DNA methylation and histone modification during mouse induced pluripotent stem cell generation ▶     Guiying Wang, Rong Weng, Yuanyuan Lan et al.     DNA methylation and histone methylation (H3K27me3) have been reported as major barriers to induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation using four core transcription factors …             New perspectives on corpora amylacea in the human brain ▶     Elisabet Augé, Itsaso Cabezón, Carme Pelegrí et al.     Corpora amylacea are structures of unknown origin and function that appear with age in human brains and are profuse in selected brain areas in several neurodegenerative …             The Neuroeconomics of Tobacco Demand: An Initial Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Cigarette Cost-Benefit Decision Making in Male Smokers ▶     Joshua C. Gray, Michael T. Amlung, Max Owens et al.     How the brain processes cigarette cost-benefit decision making remains largely unknown. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), this study investigated the neural …             Dual origins of the intracellular circadian calcium rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus ▶     Ryosuke Enoki, Daisuke Ono, Shigeru Kuroda et al.     In mammals, the master circadian clock is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), where most neurons show circadian rhythms of intracellular Ca2+ levels. However, the …             Kynurenine pathway metabolomics predicts and provides mechanistic insight into multiple sclerosis progression ▶     Chai K. Lim, Ayse Bilgin, David B. Lovejoy et al.     Activation of the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan metabolism results from chronic inflammation and is known to exacerbate progression of neurodegenerative disease. To gain …             Subjective craving and event-related brain response to olfactory and visual chocolate cues in binge-eating and healthy individuals ▶     I. Wolz, A. Sauvaget, R. Granero et al.     High-sugar/high-fat foods are related to binge-eating behaviour and especially people with low inhibitory control may encounter elevated difficulties to resist their intake. …             Effects of nutritional and ambient oxygen condition on biofilm formation in Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis via altered glycolipid expression ▶     Takahiro Totani, Yukiko Nishiuchi, Yoshitaka Tateishi et al.     Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis (MAH) is the major causative agent of nontuberculous mycobacteriosis, the representative case of environment-related infectious diseases …             Platelet activating factor-induced expression of p21 is correlated with histone acetylation ▶     Elisabetta Damiani, Nahum Puebla-Osorio, Bree M. Lege et al.     Ultraviolet (UV)-irradiated keratinocytes secrete the lipid mediator of inflammation, platelet-activating factor (PAF). PAF plays an essential role in UV-induced immune …             Unraveling the evolutionary dynamics of ancient and recent polypoidization events in Avena (Poaceae) ▶     Qing Liu, Lei Lin, Xiangying Zhou et al.     Understanding the diversification of polyploid crops in the circum-Mediterranean region is a challenging issue in evolutionary biology. Sequence data of three nuclear genes and …             Virtual touch tissue imaging and quantification (VTIQ) in the evaluation of thyroid nodules: the associated factors leading to misdiagnosis ▶     Cheng-Yu Sun, Kai-Rong Lei, Bo-Ji Liu et al.     To evaluate the associated factors leading to misdiagnosis with VTIQ for differentiation between benign from malignant thyroid nodules (TNs). The study included 238 benign TNs …             Roles of N-glycans in the polymerization-dependent aggregation of mutant Ig-μ chains in the early secretory pathway ▶     Chiara Giannone, Claudio Fagioli, Caterina Valetti et al.     The polymeric structure of secretory IgM allows efficient antigen binding and complement fixation. The available structural models place the N-glycans bound to asparagines 402 …             Immune Signature of Enhanced Functional Avidity CD8+ T Cells in vivo Induced by Vaccinia Vectored Vaccine ▶     Zhidong Hu, Lingyan Zhu, Jing Wang et al.     Functional avidity of T cells is a critical determinant for clearing viral infection and eliminating tumor. Understanding how functional avidity is maintained in T cells is …             Forensic SNP Genotyping using Nanopore MinION Sequencing ▶     Senne Cornelis, Yannick Gansemans, Lieselot Deleye et al.     One of the latest developments in next generation sequencing is the Oxford Nanopore Technologies’ (ONT) MinION nanopore sequencer. We studied the applicability of this system to …             Mapping the basal ganglia alterations in children chronically exposed to manganese ▶     Yi Lao, Laurie-Anne Dion, Guillaume Gilbert et al.     Chronic manganese (Mn) exposure is associated with neuromotor and neurocognitive deficits, but the exact mechanism of Mn neurotoxicity is still unclear. With the advent of …             A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Genetic Variants Associated with Mathematics Ability ▶     Huan Chen, Xiao-hong Gu, Yuxi Zhou et al.     Mathematics ability is a complex cognitive trait with polygenic heritability. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) has been an effective approach to investigate genetic …             Microbial modulation of bacoside A biosynthetic pathway and systemic defense mechanism in Bacopa monnieri under Meloidogyne incognita stress ▶     Rupali Gupta, Akanksha Singh, Madhumita Srivastava et al.     Plant-associated beneficial microbes have been explored to fulfill the imperative function for plant health. However, their impact on the host secondary metabolite production and …             Effect of polarization on HIV-1protease and fluoro-substituted inhibitors binding energies by large scale molecular dynamics simulations ▶     Li L. Duan, T. Zhu, Yu C. Li et al.     Molecular dynamics simulations in explicit water are carried out to study the binding of six inhibitors to HIV-1 protease (PR) for up to 700 ns using the standard AMBER force …             Promoting Cas9 degradation reduces mosaic mutations in non-human primate embryos ▶     Zhuchi Tu, Weili Yang, Sen Yan et al.     CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful new tool for genome editing, but this technique creates mosaic mutations that affect the efficiency and precision of its ability to edit the genome. …             WNT/β-Catenin signaling pathway regulates non-tumorigenesis of human embryonic stem cells co-cultured with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells ▶     Yu-Hsun Chang, Tang-Yuan Chu, Dah-Ching Ding     Human pluripotent stem cells harbor hope in regenerative medicine, but have limited application in treating clinical diseases due to teratoma formation. Our previous study has …             The formation of multivesicular bodies in activated blastocysts is influenced by autophagy and FGF signaling in mice ▶     Hyejin Shin, Soyoung Bang, Jiyeon Kim et al.     Dormant blastocysts during delayed implantation undergo autophagic activation, which is an adaptive response to prolonged survival in utero during less favorable environment. We …             Faithful SGCE imprinting in iPSC-derived cortical neurons: an endogenous cellular model of myoclonus-dystonia ▶     Karen Grütz, Philip Seibler, Anne Weissbach et al.     In neuropathology research, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons are considered a tool closely resembling the patient brain. Albeit in respect to epigenetics, …             Reduced Activity of SRY and its Target Enhancer Sox9-TESCO in a Mouse Species with X*Y Sex Reversal ▶     Liang Zhao, Alexander Quinn, Ee Ting Ng et al.     In most eutherian mammals, sex determination is governed by the Y-linked gene Sry, but in African pygmy mice Mus minutoides, Sry action is overridden by a variant X chromosome …             Assessment of the efficacy of two novel DNA vaccine formulations against highly pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus ▶     Luping Du, Fengjiao Pang, Zhengyu Yu et al.     Since May 2006, a highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) has emerged and prevailed in mainland China, affecting over 2 million pigs. …             Obtaining spontaneously beating cardiomyocyte-like cells from adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions cultured on enzyme-crosslinked gelatin hydrogels ▶     Gang Yang, Zhenghua Xiao, Xiaomei Ren et al.     Heart failure often develops after acute myocardial infarction because the injured myocardial tissue fails to recover or regenerate. Stem cell transplantation using adult cell …             Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Kidney Tissue Sections of Rat Subjected to Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction ▶     Huihui Liu, Wan Li, Qing He et al.     Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a serious threat to the quality of human life and health with an increasing incidence worldwide. Renal fibrosis is closely related to CKD and …             Repurposing doxycycline for synucleinopathies: remodelling of α-synuclein oligomers towards non-toxic parallel beta-sheet structured species ▶     Florencia González-Lizárraga, Sergio B. Socías, César L. Ávila et al.     Synucleinophaties are progressive neurodegenerative disorders with no cure to date. An attractive strategy to tackle this problem is repurposing already tested safe drugs against …             Conserved gene regulation during acute inflammation between zebrafish and mammals ▶     G. Forn-Cuní, M. Varela, P. Pereiro et al.     Zebrafish (Danio rerio), largely used as a model for studying developmental processes, has also emerged as a valuable system for modelling human inflammatory diseases. However, …             Epigenetic origin of evolutionary novel centromeres ▶     Doron Tolomeo, Oronzo Capozzi, Roscoe R. Stanyon et al.     Most evolutionary new centromeres (ENC) are composed of large arrays of satellite DNA and surrounded by segmental duplications. However, the hypothesis is that ENCs are seeded in …             Evolutionary clade affects resistance of Clostridium difficile spores to Cold Atmospheric Plasma ▶     Mairéad Connor, Padrig B. Flynn, Derek J. Fairley et al.     Clostridium difficile is a spore forming bacterium and the leading cause of colitis and antibiotic associated diarrhoea in the developed world. Spores produced by C. difficile …             Successful post-exposure prophylaxis of Ebola infected non-human primates using Ebola glycoprotein-specific equine IgG ▶     Oleg V. Pyankov, Yin Xiang Setoh, Sergey A. Bodnev et al.     Herein we describe production of purified equine IgG obtained from horses immunized with plasmid DNA followed by boosting with Kunjin replicon virus-like particles both encoding …             Effect of Different Titanium Surfaces on Maturation of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells ▶     Xiaofei Zheng, Fengjuan Zhou, Yifei Gu et al.     Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in the host response to implanted biomaterials. Osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implant is an immunological and inflammatory-driven …             Efficient genome replication of hepatitis B virus using adenovirus vector: a compact pregenomic RNA-expression unit ▶     Mariko Suzuki, Saki Kondo, Manabu Yamasaki et al.     The complicated replication mechanisms of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have impeded HBV studies and anti-HBV therapy development as well. Herein we report efficient genome replication …             MISSA 2.0: an updated synthetic biology toolbox for assembly of orthogonal CRISPR/Cas systems ▶     Hai-Yan Zhang, Xing-Hui Wang, Li Dong et al.     Efficient generation of plants carrying mutations in multiple genes remains a challenge. Using two or more orthogonal CRISPR/Cas systems can generate plants with multi-gene …             Signatures of malaria-associated pathology revealed by high-resolution whole-blood transcriptomics in a rodent model of malaria ▶     Jing-wen Lin, Jan Sodenkamp, Deirdre Cunningham et al.     The influence of parasite genetic factors on immune responses and development of severe pathology of malaria is largely unknown. In this study, we performed genome-wide …             The molecular basis of talin2’s high affinity toward β1-integrin ▶     Yaxia Yuan, Liqing Li, Yanyan Zhu et al.     Talin interacts with β-integrin tails and actin to control integrin activation, thus regulating focal adhesion dynamics and cell migration. There are two talin genes, Tln1 and …             Age, but not anthelmintic treatment, is associated with urinary neopterin levels in semi-free ranging Barbary macaques ▶     Nadine Müller, Michael Heistermann, Christina Strube et al.     Studying host parasite interactions and their implications for evolution and ecology recently received increasing attention, particularly with regard to host physiology and …             Unravelling the genetic basis of simplex Retinitis Pigmentosa cases ▶     Nereida Bravo-Gil, María González-del Pozo, Marta Martín-Sánchez et al.     Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is the most common form of inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) characterized ultimately by photoreceptors degeneration. Exhibiting great clinical and …             iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of the global response to 17β-estradiol in estrogen-degradation strain Pseudomonas putida SJTE-1 ▶     Jing Xu, Lei Zhang, Jingli Hou et al.     Microorganism degradation is efficient to remove the steroid hormones like 17β-estradiol (E2); but their degradation mechanism and metabolic network to these chemicals are still …             Predictors of facial attractiveness and health in humans ▶     Yong Zhi Foo, Leigh W. Simmons, Gillian Rhodes     Facial attractiveness has been suggested to provide signals of biological quality, particularly health, in humans. The attractive traits that have been implicated as signals of …             Understanding cancer complexome using networks, spectral graph theory and multilayer framework ▶     Aparna Rai, Priodyuti Pradhan, Jyothi Nagraj et al.     Cancer complexome comprises a heterogeneous and multifactorial milieu that varies in cytology, physiology, signaling mechanisms and response to therapy. The combined framework of …             Mapping the distribution of specific antibody interaction forces on individual red blood cells ▶     Natasha Yeow, Rico F. Tabor, Gil Garnier     Current blood typing methods rely on the agglutination of red blood cells (RBCs) to macroscopically indicate a positive result. An indirect agglutination mechanism is required …             Toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles to grass litter decomposition in a sandy soil ▶     Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid, Tanvir Shahzad, Muhammad Shahid et al.     We examined time-dependent effect of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) at a rate of 2000 mg kg−1 soil on Cynodon dactylon litter (3 g kg−1) decomposition in an arid sandy soil. …             Mechanisms underlying the cardiac antifibrotic effects of losartan metabolites ▶     José Luis Miguel-Carrasco, Javier Beaumont, Gorka San José et al.     Excessive myocardial collagen deposition and cross-linking (CCL), a process regulated by lysyl oxidase (LOX), determines left ventricular (LV) stiffness and dysfunction. The …             Aberrant Neuronal Dynamics during Working Memory Operations in the Aging HIV-Infected Brain ▶     Tony W. Wilson, Amy L. Proskovec, Elizabeth Heinrichs-Graham et al.     Impairments in working memory are among the most prevalent features of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), yet their origins are unknown, with some studies arguing …             Longitudinal in vivo bioimaging of hepatocyte transcription factor activity following cholestatic liver injury in mice ▶     Juliette M. K. M. Delhove, Suzanne M. K. Buckley, Dany P. Perocheau et al.     Molecular mechanisms regulating liver repair following cholestatic injury remain largely unknown. We have combined a mouse model of acute cholestatic liver injury, partial bile …             EpEX/EpCAM and Oct4 or Klf4 alone are sufficient to generate induced pluripotent stem cells through STAT3 and HIF2α ▶     I.-I. Kuan, Kang-Hao Liang, Yi-Ping Wang et al.     Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was reported to be cleaved into extracellular domain of EpCAM (EpEX) and intracellular domain of EpCAM (EpICD). We previously reported …             Regulation of pairing between broken DNA-containing chromatin regions by Ku80, DNA-PKcs, ATM, and 53BP1 ▶     Motohiro Yamauchi, Atsushi Shibata, Keiji Suzuki et al.     Chromosome rearrangement is clinically and physiologically important because it can produce oncogenic fusion genes. Chromosome rearrangement requires DNA double-strand breaks …             Designing a new cropping system for high productivity and sustainable water usage under climate change ▶     Qingfeng Meng, Hongfei Wang, Peng Yan et al.     The food supply is being increasingly challenged by climate change and water scarcity. However, incremental changes in traditional cropping systems have achieved only limited …             Subregional structural and connectivity damage in the visual cortex in neuromyelitis optica ▶     Huanhuan Cai, Jiajia Zhu, Ningnannan Zhang et al.     Patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) have shown structural and functional impairments in the visual cortex. We aimed to characterize subregional grey matter volume (GMV) and …             A critical role for p38MAPK signalling pathway during reprogramming of human fibroblasts to iPSCs ▶     Irina Neganova, Valeria Chichagova, Lyle Armstrong et al.     Reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds enormous promise for regenerative medicine. Reprogramming is a stepwise process with well-defined …             Toxic metabolites, MAPK and Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathways involved in oxidative toxicity in mice liver after chronic exposure to Mequindox ▶     Qianying Liu, Zhixin Lei, Anxiong Huang et al.     Mequindox (MEQ) is a synthetic antimicrobial agent of quinoxaline-1,4-dioxide group (QdNOs). The liver is regarded as the toxicity target of QdNOs, and the role of N → O …             Early exposure to thirdhand cigarette smoke affects body mass and the development of immunity in mice ▶     Bo Hang, Antoine M. Snijders, Yurong Huang et al.     Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the fraction of cigarette smoke that persists in indoor environments after smoking. We investigated the effects of neonatal and adult THS exposure on …             Self-assemble nanoparticles based on polypeptides containing C-terminal luminescent Pt-cysteine complex ▶     E. G. Vlakh, E. V. Grachova, D. D. Zhukovsky et al.     The growing attention to the luminescent nanocarriers is strongly stimulated by their potential application as drug delivery systems and by the necessity to monitor their …             The citrus flavanone naringenin impairs dengue virus replication in human cells ▶     Sandra Frabasile, Andrea Cristine Koishi, Diogo Kuczera et al.     Dengue is one of the most significant health problems in tropical and sub-tropical regions throughout the world. Nearly 390 million cases are reported each year. Although a …             Surface mediated cooperative interactions of drugs enhance mechanical forces for antibiotic action ▶     Joseph W. Ndieyira, Joe Bailey, Samadhan B. Patil et al.     The alarming increase of pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics is now recognized as a major health issue fuelling demand for new drugs. Bacterial …             Cover crops support ecological intensification of arable cropping systems ▶     Raphaël A. Wittwer, Brigitte Dorn, Werner Jossi et al.     A major challenge for agriculture is to enhance productivity with minimum impact on the environment. Several studies indicate that cover crops could replace anthropogenic inputs …             IL1B-CGTC haplotype is associated with colorectal cancer in admixed individuals with increased African ancestry ▶     María Carolina Sanabria-Salas, Gustavo Hernández-Suárez, Adriana Umaña-Pérez et al.     Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes can affect gene expression and thereby modulate inflammation and carcinogenesis. However, the data on the association …             Fingolimod alters the transcriptome profile of circulating CD4+ cells in multiple sclerosis ▶     Jörg Friess, Michael Hecker, Luisa Roch et al.     Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system. T cells are known to contribute to this immune-mediated condition. Fingolimod modulates …             An Engineered Herpesvirus Activates Dendritic Cells and Induces Protective Immunity ▶     Yijie Ma, Min Chen, Huali Jin et al.     Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are human pathogens that switch between lytic and latent infection. While attenuated HSV is explored for vaccine, the underlying event remains poorly …             Efficient N-tailing of blunt DNA ends by Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase ▶     Yoshiyuki Ohtsubo, Yuji Nagata, Masataka Tsuda     Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase (MMLV-RT) is a widely used enzyme for cDNA synthesis. Here we show that MMLV-RT has a strong template-independent polymerase …             Manipulation of lignin metabolism by plant densities and its relationship with lodging resistance in wheat ▶     Mengjing Zheng, Jin Chen, Yuhua Shi et al.     Increasing plant density is one of the most efficient ways of increasing wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain production. However, overly dense plant populations have an increased …             An inhibitory role of Arg-84 in anion channelrhodopsin-2 expressed in Escherichia coli ▶     Satoko Doi, Takashi Tsukamoto, Susumu Yoshizawa et al.     Anion channelrhodopsin-2 (ACR2) was recently identified from the cryptophyte algae Guillardia theta and has become a focus of interest in part because of its novel light-gated …             Microfluidic cell isolation technology for drug testing of single tumor cells and their clusters ▶     Swastika S. Bithi, Siva A. Vanapalli     Drug assays with patient-derived cells such as circulating tumor cells requires manipulating small sample volumes without loss of rare disease-causing cells. Here, we report an …             Characterisation of a divergent progenitor cell sub-populations in human osteoarthritic cartilage: the role of telomere erosion and replicative senescence ▶     Christopher R. Fellows, Rebecca Williams, Iwan R. Davies et al.     In recent years it has become increasingly clear that articular cartilage harbours a viable pool of progenitor cells and interest has focussed on their role during development …             Astragaloside IV ameliorates 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis implicating regulation of energy metabolism ▶     Xu-Guang Jiang, Kai Sun, Yu-Ying Liu et al.     Dysfunction of energy metabolism is involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This study was designed to investigate the potential of astragaloside IV (ASIV), an active …             PhCESA3 silencing inhibits elongation and stimulates radial expansion in petunia ▶     Weiyuan Yang, Yuanping Cai, Li Hu et al.     Cellulose synthase catalytic subunits (CESAs) play important roles in plant growth, development and disease resistance. Previous studies have shown an essential role of …             Intein-mediated backbone cyclization of VP1 protein enhanced protection of CVB3-induced viral myocarditis ▶     Xingmei Qi, Sidong Xiong     CVB3 is a common human pathogen to be highly lethal to newborns and causes viral myocarditis and pancreatitis in adults. However, there is no vaccine available for clinical use. …             Discovering missing reactions of metabolic networks by using gene co-expression data ▶     Zhaleh Hosseini, Sayed-Amir Marashi     Flux coupling analysis is a computational method which is able to explain co-expression of metabolic genes by analyzing the topological structure of a metabolic network. It has …             Short-term monocular occlusion produces changes in ocular dominance by a reciprocal modulation of interocular inhibition ▶     Eva Chadnova, Alexandre Reynaud, Simon Clavagnier et al.     Ocular dominance can be modulated by short-term monocular deprivation. This changes the contribution that each eye makes to binocular vision, an example of adult cortical …             MiR-27a rs895819 is involved in increased atrophic gastritis risk, improved gastric cancer prognosis and negative interaction with Helicobacter pylori ▶     Qian Xu, Tie-jun Chen, Cai-yun He et al.     MiR-27a rs895819 is a loop-stem structure single nucleotide polymorphism affecting mature miR-27a function. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis about the …             Epigenetic regulation of nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible (Nos2) by NLRC4 inflammasomes involves PARP1 cleavage ▶     Carina de Lima Buzzo, Tiago Medina, Laura M. Branco et al.     Nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible (Nos2) expression is necessary for the microbicidal activity of macrophages. However, NOS2 over-activation causes multiple inflammatory …             Enhanced corrosion resistance and cytocompatibility of biodegradable Mg alloys by introduction of Mg(OH)2 particles into poly (L-lactic acid) coating ▶     Yong-juan Shi, Jia Pei, Jian Zhang et al.     A strategy of suppressing the fast degradation behaviour of Mg-based biomaterials by the introduction of one of Mg degradation products Mg(OH)2 was proposed according to the …             Quercetin Inhibits Inflammasome Activation by Interfering with ASC Oligomerization and Prevents Interleukin-1 Mediated Mouse Vasculitis ▶     Talita P. Domiciano, Daiko Wakita, Heather D. Jones et al.     Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a highly inflammatory cytokine that significantly contributes to both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. The secretion of IL-1β requires a unique …             MISTIC-fusion proteins as antigens for high quality membrane protein antibodies ▶     Natalia Silva Alves, Susanne Adina Astrinidis, Nathalie Eisenhardt et al.     Lack of high-quality antibodies against transmembrane proteins is a widely recognized hindrance in biomedical and cell biological research. Here we present a robust pipeline for …             The Fecal Microbial Community of Breast-fed Infants from Armenia and Georgia ▶     Zachery T Lewis, Ketevan Sidamonidze, Vardan Tsaturyan et al.     Multiple factors help shape the infant intestinal microbiota early in life. Environmental conditions such as the presence of bioactive molecules from breast milk dictate gut …             Antennal transcriptomes of three tortricid moths reveal putative conserved chemosensory receptors for social and habitat olfactory cues ▶     Francisco Gonzalez, Peter Witzgall, William B. Walker     Insects use chemical signals to find mates, food and oviposition sites. The main chemoreceptor gene families comprise odorant receptors (ORs), ionotropic receptors (IRs) and …             Field background odour should be taken into account when formulating a pest attractant based on plant volatiles ▶     Xiaoming Cai, Lei Bian, Xiuxiu Xu et al.     Attractants for pest monitoring and controlling can be developed based on plant volatiles. Previously, we showed that tea leafhopper (Empoasca onukii) preferred grapevine, peach …             The conserved macrodomains of the non-structural proteins of Chikungunya virus and other pathogenic positive strand RNA viruses function as mono-ADP-ribosylhydrolases ▶     Laura Eckei, Sarah Krieg, Mareike Bütepage et al.     Human pathogenic positive single strand RNA ((+)ssRNA) viruses, including Chikungunya virus, pose severe health problems as for many neither efficient vaccines nor therapeutic …             The evolution of conditional moral assessment in indirect reciprocity ▶     Tatsuya Sasaki, Isamu Okada, Yutaka Nakai     Indirect reciprocity is a major mechanism in the maintenance of cooperation among unrelated individuals. Indirect reciprocity leads to conditional cooperation according to social …             Palmdelphin promotes myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration ▶     Yaping Nie, Hu Chen, Cilin Guo et al.     Differentiation of myoblasts is essential in the development and regeneration of skeletal muscles to form multinucleated, contractile muscle fibers. However, the process of …             Engineering an endocrine Neo-Pancreas by repopulation of a decellularized rat pancreas with islets of Langerhans ▶     H. Napierala, K.-H. Hillebrandt, N. Haep et al.     Decellularization of pancreata and repopulation of these non-immunogenic matrices with islets and endothelial cells could provide transplantable, endocrine Neo- Pancreata. In …             Fear of predation drives stable and differentiated social relationships in guppies ▶     Robert J. P. Heathcote, Safi K. Darden, Daniel W. Franks et al.     Social relationships can have important consequences for fitness in animals. Whilst numerous studies have shown that individuals often join larger groups in response to perceived …             Temporal course of implicit emotion regulation during a Priming-Identify task: an ERP study ▶     Yi Wang, Xuebing Li     Implicit emotion regulation defined as goal-driven processes modulates emotion experiences and responses automatically without awareness. However, the temporal course of implicit …             Distinct requirement of Runx complexes for TCRβ enhancer activation at distinct developmental stages ▶     Wooseok Seo, Sawako Muroi, Kaori Akiyama et al.     A TCRβ enhancer, known as the Eβ enhancer, plays a critical role in V(D)J recombination and transcription of the Tcrb gene. However, the coordinated action of trans-acting …             De novo hybrid assembly of the rubber tree genome reveals evidence of paleotetraploidy in Hevea species ▶     Wirulda Pootakham, Chutima Sonthirod, Chaiwat Naktang et al.     Para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) is an important economic species as it is the sole commercial producer of high-quality natural rubber. Here, we report a de novo hybrid …             First real-time observation of transverse division in azooxanthellate scleractinian corals ▶     Yuki Tokuda, Hiroko Haraguchi, Yoichi Ezaki     Asexual reproduction is one of the most important traits in the evolutionary history of corals. No real-time observations of asexual reproduction in azooxanthellate solitary …             Transcriptomic investigation of wound healing and regeneration in the cnidarian Calliactis polypus ▶     Zachary K. Stewart, Ana Pavasovic, Daniella H. Hock et al.     Wound healing and regeneration in cnidarian species, a group that forms the sister phylum to Bilateria, remains poorly characterised despite the ability of many cnidarians to …             Simvastatin suppresses the DNA replication licensing factor MCM7 and inhibits the growth of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells ▶     Zheyong Liang, Wenjie Li, Jie Liu et al.     Acquired tamoxifen resistance (TamR) remains a major challenge in breast cancer endocrine therapy. The mechanism of acquiring tamoxifen resistance remains elusive, and no …             Selective binocular vision loss in two subterranean caviomorph rodents: Spalacopus cyanus and Ctenomys talarum ▶     T. Vega-Zuniga, F. S. Medina, G. Marín et al.     To what extent can the mammalian visual system be shaped by visual behavior? Here we analyze the shape of the visual fields, the densities and distribution of cells in the …             Transcriptomic analysis of common carp anterior kidney during Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 infection: Immunoglobulin repertoire and homologue functional divergence ▶     Matthew J. Neave, Agus Sunarto, Kenneth A. McColl     Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) infects koi and common carp and causes widespread mortalities. While the virus is a significant concern for aquaculture operations in many …             Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) secretory component binds to commensal bacteria and pathogens ▶     Cecelia Kelly, Fumio Takizawa, J. Oriol Sunyer et al.     Commensal bacteria co-exist on the mucosal surfaces of all vertebrates. The host’s mucosal immune system must tolerate commensals while fighting pathogens. One of the mechanisms …             Allometric analysis of a morphological anti-predator trait in geographic populations of Japanese crucian carp ▶     Sakie Kodama, Hiroka Fujimori, Hiroshi Hakoyama     Costly anti-predator traits tend to be expressed only in high-predation conditions. For the cyprinid fish genus Carassius, deeper body depth is more adaptive to avoid predation …             Bioengineering a bacterial pathogen to assemble its own particulate vaccine capable of inducing cellular immunity ▶     Jason W. Lee, Natalie A. Parlane, D. Neil Wedlock et al.     Many bacterial pathogens naturally form cellular inclusions. Here the immunogenicity of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) inclusions and their use as particulate vaccines delivering a …             Foliar fungi of Betula pendula: impact of tree species mixtures and assessment methods ▶     Diem Nguyen, Johanna Boberg, Michelle Cleary et al.     Foliar fungi of silver birch (Betula pendula) in an experimental Finnish forest were investigated across a gradient of tree species richness using molecular high-throughput …             Methanol-Independent Protein Expression by AOX1 Promoter with trans-Acting Elements Engineering and Glucose-Glycerol-Shift Induction in Pichia pastoris ▶     Jinjia Wang, Xiaolong Wang, Lei Shi et al.     The alcohol oxidase 1 promoter (PAOX1) of Pichia pastoris is commonly used for high level expression of recombinant proteins. While the safety risk of methanol and tough process …             Mitochondrial genome diversity in dagger and needle nematodes (Nematoda: Longidoridae) ▶     J. E. Palomares-Rius, C. Cantalapiedra-Navarrete, A. Archidona-Yuste et al.     Dagger and needle nematodes included in the family Longidoridae (viz. Longidorus, Paralongidorus, and Xiphinema) are highly polyphagous plant-parasitic nematodes in wild and …             Development of a multilocus-based approach for sponge (phylum Porifera) identification: refinement and limitations ▶     Qi Yang, Christopher M. M. Franco, Shirley J. Sorokin et al.     For sponges (phylum Porifera), there is no reliable molecular protocol available for species identification. To address this gap, we developed a multilocus-based Sponge …             Construction of a guide-RNA for site-directed RNA mutagenesis utilising intracellular A-to-I RNA editing ▶     Masatora Fukuda, Hiromitsu Umeno, Kanako Nose et al.     As an alternative to DNA mutagenesis, RNA mutagenesis can potentially become a powerful gene-regulation method for fundamental research and applied life sciences. …             Drivers of Cape Verde archipelagic endemism in keyhole limpets ▶     Regina L. Cunha, Jorge M. Assis, Celine Madeira et al.     Oceanic archipelagos are the ideal setting for investigating processes that shape species assemblages. Focusing on keyhole limpets, genera Fissurella and Diodora from Cape Verde …             Short stop mediates axonal compartmentalization of mucin-type core 1 glycans ▶     Takaaki Kinoshita, Chikara Sato, Takashi J. Fuwa et al.     T antigen, mucin-type core 1 O-glycan, is highly expressed in the embryonic central nervous system (CNS) and co-localizes with a Drosophila CNS marker, BP102 antigen. BP102 …             Wogonin reversed resistant human myelogenous leukemia cells via inhibiting Nrf2 signaling by Stat3/NF-κB inactivation ▶     Xuefen Xu, Xiaobo Zhang, Yi Zhang et al.     Constitutive NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2, NFE2L2) activation has been recently reported to play a pivotal role in enhancing cell survival and resistance to anticancer drugs in …             Repair of bone defects with prefabricated vascularized bone grafts and double-labeled bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model ▶     Xiao-Rui Jiang, Hui-Ying Yang, Xin-Xin Zhang et al.     This study aims to investigate the repair of bone defects with prefabricated vascularized bone grafts and double-labeled bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a …             Allometric scaling of decompression sickness risk in terrestrial mammals; cardiac output explains risk of decompression sickness ▶     Andreas Fahlman     A probabilistic model was used to predict decompression sickness (DCS) outcome in pig (70 and 20 kg), hamster (100 g), rat (220 g) and mouse (20 g) following air saturation …             Differential lactate and cholesterol synthetic activities in XY and XX Sertoli cells ▶     Yurina Shishido, Takashi Baba, Tetsuya Sato et al.     SRY, a sex-determining gene, induces testis development in chromosomally female (XX) individuals. However, mouse XX Sertoli cells carrying Sry (XX/Sry Sertoli cells) are …             Cell-free measurements of brightness of fluorescently labeled antibodies ▶     Haiying Zhou, George Tourkakis, Dennis Shi et al.     Validation of imaging contrast agents, such as fluorescently labeled imaging antibodies, has been recognized as a critical challenge in clinical and preclinical studies. As the …             Association of Genomic Instability with HbA1c levels and Medication in Diabetic Patients ▶     Annemarie Grindel, Helmut Brath, Armen Nersesyan et al.     Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2) is associated with increased cancer risk. Instability of the genetic material plays a key role in the aetiology of human cancer. This study aimed …             Photodynamic therapy monitoring with optical coherence angiography ▶     M. A. Sirotkina, L. A. Matveev, M. V. Shirmanova et al.     Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising modern approach for cancer therapy with low normal tissue toxicity. This study was focused on a vascular-targeting Chlorine E6 mediated …             Generation of a bile salt export pump deficiency model using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells ▶     Kazuo Imagawa, Kazuo Takayama, Shigemi Isoyama et al.     Bile salt export pump (BSEP) plays an important role in hepatic secretion of bile acids and its deficiency results in severe cholestasis and liver failure. Mutation of the ABCB11 …             Size-dependent cellular uptake mechanism and cytotoxicity toward calcium oxalate on Vero cells ▶     Xin-Yuan Sun, Qiong-Zhi Gan, Jian-Ming Ouyang     Urinary crystals with various sizes are present in healthy individuals and patients with kidney stone; however, the cellular uptake mechanism of calcium oxalate of various sizes …             Rapid detection of functional gene polymorphisms of TLRs and IL-17 using high resolution melting analysis ▶     Johanna Teräsjärvi, Antti Hakanen, Matti Korppi et al.     Genetic variations in toll-like receptors (TLRs) and IL-17A have been widely connected to different diseases. Associations between susceptibility and resistance to different …             Reduced GABAergic transmission in the ventrobasal thalamus contributes to thermal hyperalgesia in chronic inflammatory pain ▶     Chan Zhang, Rong-Xiang Chen, Yu Zhang et al.     The ventrobasal (VB) thalamus is innervated by GABAergic afferents from the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) and participates in nociception. But how the TRN-VB pathway regulates …             Cellular prion protein is present in mitochondria of healthy mice ▶     Robert Faris, Roger A. Moore, Anne Ward et al.     Cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a mammalian glycoprotein which is usually found anchored to the plasma membrane via a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. PrPC misfolds to a …             Genome-wide DNA methylation reprogramming in response to inorganic arsenic links inhibition of CTCF binding, DNMT expression and cellular transformation ▶     Matthew Rea, Meredith Eckstein, Rebekah Eleazer et al.     Chronic low dose inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure leads to changes in gene expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation. During this transformation, cells adopt a …             Alterations in the carnitine cycle in a mouse model of Rett syndrome ▶     Sabrina Mucerino, Anna Di Salle, Nicola Alessio et al.     Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disease that leads to intellectual deficit, motor disability, epilepsy and increased risk of sudden death. Although in up to 95% of …             P-Selectin preserves immune tolerance in mice and is reduced in human cutaneous lupus ▶     Rafael González-Tajuelo, Javier Silván, Alicia Pérez-Frías et al.     Mice deficient in P-Selectin presented altered immunity/tolerance balance. We have observed that the absence of P-Selectin promotes splenomegaly with reduced naïve T cell …             The E3 ligase Mule protects the heart against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through Myc-dependent inactivation of Pgc-1α and Pink1 ▶     Keith Dadson, Ludger Hauck, Zhenyue Hao et al.     Cardiac homeostasis requires proper control of protein turnover. Protein degradation is principally controlled by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System. Mule is an E3 ubiquitin ligase …             Early life antibiotic exposure affects pancreatic islet development and metabolic regulation ▶     Jiaying Li, Kaiyuan Yang, Tingting Ju et al.     Childhood antibiotic exposure has been recently linked with increased risk of metabolic disease later in life. A better understanding of this association would potentially …             Structural Connectivity Variances Underlie Functional and Behavioral Changes During Pain Relief Induced by Neuromodulation ▶     Richard L. Lin, Gwenaëlle Douaud, Nicola Filippini et al.     An increased understanding of the relationship between structural connections and functional and behavioral outcomes is an essential but under-explored topic in neuroscience. …             Tuning the allosteric regulation of artificial muscarinic and dopaminergic ligand-gated potassium channels by protein engineering of G protein-coupled receptors ▶     Christophe J. Moreau, Jean Revilloud, Lydia N. Caro et al.     Ligand-gated ion channels enable intercellular transmission of action potential through synapses by transducing biochemical messengers into electrical signal. We designed …             Corrigendum: Microtubule stabilising peptides rescue tau phenotypes in-vivo ▶     Shmma Quraishe, Megan Sealey, Louise Cranfield et al.                 Membrane engineering of S. cerevisiae targeting sphingolipid metabolism ▶     Lina Lindahl, Aline X. S. Santos, Helén Olsson et al.     The sustainable production of fuels and chemicals using microbial cell factories is now well established. However, many microbial production processes are still limited in scale …             ERAMOSA controls lateral branching in snapdragon ▶     Chiara Mizzotti, Bianca M. Galliani, Ludovico Dreni et al.     Plant forms display a wide variety of architectures, depending on the number of lateral branches, internode elongation and phyllotaxy. These are in turn determined by the number, …             The antibacterial activities of aditoprim and its efficacy in the treatment of swine streptococcosis ▶     Guyue Cheng, Yamei Xu, Xudong Zhu et al.     Aditoprim (ADP) has potential use as an antimicrobial agent in animals. However, its pharmacodynamic properties have not been systematically studied yet. In this study, the in …             Two strategies to engineer flexible loops for improved enzyme thermostability ▶     Haoran Yu, Yihan Yan, Cheng Zhang et al.     Flexible sites are potential targets for engineering the stability of enzymes. Nevertheless, the success rate of the rigidifying flexible sites (RFS) strategy is still low due to …             Seagrass ecophysiological performance under ocean warming and acidification ▶     Tiago Repolho, Bernardo Duarte, Gisela Dionísio et al.     Seagrasses play an essential ecological role within coastal habitats and their worldwide population decline has been linked to different types of anthropogenic forces. We …             Induction of Bex genes by curcumin is associated with apoptosis and activation of p53 in N2a neuroblastoma cells ▶     Himakshi Sidhar, Ranjit K. Giri     Brain expressed X-linked (Bex) genes are newer group of pro-apoptotic genes. Role of any Bex gene in neuroblastoma and Bex4 and Bex6 in any cancer is completely unknown. …             Effects of Prolonged GRP78 Haploinsufficiency on Organ Homeostasis, Behavior, Cancer and Chemotoxic Resistance in Aged Mice ▶     Amy S. Lee, Sebastian Brandhorst, Daisy F. Rangel et al.     GRP78, a multifunctional protein with potent cytoprotective properties, is an emerging therapeutic target to combat cancer development, progression and drug resistance. The …             Attentional deployment impacts neural response to regret ▶     Zhiyuan Liu, Lin Li, Li Zheng et al.     Regret results from comparing non-optimal outcomes containing both gain and loss parts to better alternatives during decision-making. The present fMRI study aimed to explore …             Predicting HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Efficacy for Women using a Preclinical Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic In Vivo Model ▶     Angela Wahl, Phong T. Ho, Paul W. Denton et al.     The efficacy of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) relies on adherence and may also depend on the route of HIV acquisition. Clinical studies of systemic tenofovir disoproxil …             Targeted capture to assess neutral genomic variation in the narrow-leaf hopbush across a continental biodiversity refugium ▶     Matthew J. Christmas, Ed Biffin, Martin F. Breed et al.     The Adelaide geosyncline, a mountainous region in central southern Australia, is purported to be an important continental refugium for Mediterranean and semi-arid Australian …             TDtest: easy detection of bacterial tolerance and persistence in clinical isolates by a modified disk-diffusion assay ▶     Orit Gefen, Betty Chekol, Jacob Strahilevitz et al.     Antibiotic tolerance - the ability for prolonged survival under bactericidal treatments - is a potentially clinically significant phenomenon that is commonly overlooked in the …             Comparison of amino acid profiles and metabolic gene expression in muskrat scented glands in secretion and non-secretion season ▶     Yimeng Li, Tianxiang Zhang, Mengyuan Fan et al.     The scented gland is an organ responsible for producing musk in muskrats. During musk secretion season, the metabolism of glandular cells increases in the scented glands and a …             Multidimensional metrics of niche space for use with diverse analytical techniques ▶     Rachel E. Bowes, James H. Thorp, Daniel C. Reuman     Multidimensional data are integral to many community-ecological studies and come in various forms, such as stable isotopes, compound specific analyses (e.g., amino acids and …             The association between HDAC9 gene polymorphisms and stroke risk in the Chinese population: A meta-analysis ▶     Xin Zhou, Tangming Guan, Shuyuan Li et al.     Several recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have suggested that the histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) gene is associated with stroke, but the reliability of these findings …             Role of thermal physiology and bioenergetics on adaptation in tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri): the experiment test ▶     Lin Zhang, Fang Yang, Zheng-kun Wang et al.     Ambient conditions, as temperature and photoperiod, play a key role in animals’ physiology and behaviors. To test the hypothesis that the maximum thermal physiological and …             Enhanced performance of the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana remotely induced by the plant growth-promoting bacteria Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus pumilus ▶     Edgar Amavizca, Yoav Bashan, Choong-Min Ryu et al.     Remote effects (occurring without physical contact) of two plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) Azospirillum brasilense Cd and Bacilus pumilus ES4 on growth of the green …             Upregulation of MiR-205 transcriptionally suppresses SMAD4 and PTEN and contributes to human ovarian cancer progression ▶     Juanni Li, Kuan Hu, Guanghui Gong et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as critical regulators of gene expression and their deregulation is associated with the development and progression of various cancers. This study …             miR-34a inhibits pancreatic cancer progression through Snail1-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition and the Notch signaling pathway ▶     Yan Tang, Yong Tang, Ying-sheng Cheng     Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Notch signaling are important for the growth and invasion of pancreatic cancer, which is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths …             Automatic Marker-free Longitudinal Infrared Image Registration by Shape Context Based Matching and Competitive Winner-guided Optimal Corresponding ▶     Chia-Yen Lee, Hao-Jen Wang, Jhih-Hao Lai et al.     Long-term comparisons of infrared image can facilitate the assessment of breast cancer tissue growth and early tumor detection, in which longitudinal infrared image registration …             High prevalence of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in public space lawns in Western Australia ▶     Peter Moono, Su Chen Lim, Thomas V. Riley     Clostridium difficile is a well-established hospital pathogen. Recently, it has been detected increasingly in patients without hospital contact. Given this rise in community …             Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy and Imaging to Detect and Quantify Adipose Tissue Browning ▶     U. S Dinish, Chi Lok Wong, Sandhya Sriram et al.     Adipose (fat) tissue is a complex metabolic organ that is highly active and essential. In contrast to white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT) is deemed …             Transplanted miR-219-overexpressing oligodendrocyte precursor cells promoted remyelination and improved functional recovery in a chronic demyelinated model ▶     Hong-Bin Fan, Li-Xia Chen, Xue-Bin Qu et al.     Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) have the ability to repair demyelinated lesions by maturing into myelin-producing oligodendrocytes. Recent evidence suggests that miR-219 …             Interactions of retinoids with the ABC transporters P-glycoprotein and Breast Cancer Resistance Protein ▶     Szabolcs Tarapcsák, Gábor Szalóki, Ágnes Telbisz et al.     Retinoids – derivatives of vitamin A – are important cell permeant signaling molecules that regulate gene expression through activation of nuclear receptors. P-glycoprotein (Pgp) …             Eugenol prevents amyloid formation of proteins and inhibits amyloid-induced hemolysis ▶     Kriti Dubey, Bibin G. Anand, Dolat Singh Shekhawat et al.     Eugenol has attracted considerable attention because of its potential for many pharmaceutical applications including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumorigenic and anti-oxidant …             Neural Correlates of Sexual Orientation in Heterosexual, Bisexual, and Homosexual Men ▶     Adam Safron, David Sylva, Victoria Klimaj et al.     Studies of subjective and genital sexual arousal in monosexual (i.e. heterosexual and homosexual) men have repeatedly found that erotic stimuli depicting men’s preferred sex …             Muscle-specific overexpression of AdipoR1 or AdipoR2 gives rise to common and discrete local effects whilst AdipoR2 promotes additional systemic effects ▶     Sahar Keshvari, Darren C. Henstridge, Choaping Ng et al.     Hypoadiponectinemia and adiponectin resistance are implicated in the aetiology of obesity-related cardiometabolic disorders, hence represent a potential therapeutic axis. Here we …             Development of a human vasopressin V1a-receptor antagonist from an evolutionary-related insect neuropeptide ▶     Maria Giulia Di Giglio, Markus Muttenthaler, Kasper Harpsøe et al.     Characterisation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) relies on the availability of a toolbox of ligands that selectively modulate different functional states of the receptors. …             Hypocretin/Orexin Peptides Excite Rat Neuroendocrine Dopamine Neurons through Orexin 2 Receptor-Mediated Activation of a Mixed Cation Current ▶     David J. Lyons, Arash Hellysaz, Rachida Ammari et al.     Hypocretin/Orexin (H/O) neurons of the lateral hypothalamus are compelling modulator candidates for the chronobiology of neuroendocrine output and, as a consequence, hormone …             Altered expression of miR-181a and miR-146a does not change the expression of surface NCRs in human NK cells ▶     Mona Rady, Carsten Watzl, Maren Claus et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in regulating gene expression and immune responses. Of interest, miR-181a and miR-146a are key players in regulating immune responses …             Testis-specific transcriptional regulators selectively occupy BORIS-bound CTCF target regions in mouse male germ cells ▶     Samuel Rivero-Hinojosa, Sungyun Kang, Victor V. Lobanenkov et al.     Despite sharing the same sequence specificity in vitro and in vivo, CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and its paralog brother of the regulator of imprinted sites (BORIS) are …             Pharmacologic ATM but not ATR kinase inhibition abrogates p21-dependent G1 arrest and promotes gastrointestinal syndrome after total body irradiation ▶     Frank P. Vendetti, Brian J. Leibowitz, Jennifer Barnes et al.     We show that ATM kinase inhibition using AZ31 prior to 9 or 9.25 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) reduced median time to moribund in mice to 8 days. ATR kinase inhibition using …             Neurotypical Peers are Less Willing to Interact with Those with Autism based on Thin Slice Judgments ▶     Noah J. Sasson, Daniel J. Faso, Jack Nugent et al.     Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including those who otherwise require less support, face severe difficulties in everyday social interactions. Research in this …             Autophagic flux, a possible mechanism for delayed gentamicin-induced ototoxicity ▶     Yeon Ju Kim, Chunjie Tian, Jangho Kim et al.     Aminoglycoside antibiotics including gentamicin (GM) induce delayed ototoxic effects such as hearing loss after long-term use, unlike the early-onset ototoxicity caused by …             Serum protein changes in a rat model of chronic pain show a correlation between animal and humans ▶     Elisa Bellei, Antonietta Vilella, Emanuela Monari et al.     In previous works we showed the overexpression of some proteins in biological fluids from patients suffering chronic pain. In this proteomic study we analysed serum from a rat …             M48U1 and Tenofovir combination synergistically inhibits HIV infection in activated PBMCs and human cervicovaginal histocultures ▶     Giuseppina Musumeci, Isabella Bon, David Lembo et al.     Microbicides are considered a promising strategy for preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) transmission and disease. In this report, we first analyzed the antiviral …             Chloroplastic biosynthesis of melatonin and its involvement in protection of plants from salt stress ▶     Xiaodong Zheng, Dun X. Tan, Andrew C. Allan et al.     Within the chloroplasts reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated during photosynthesis and stressful conditions. Excessive ROS damages chloroplasts and reduces photosynthesis …             The Calcium-Dependent Switch Helix of L-Plastin Regulates Actin Bundling ▶     Hiroaki Ishida, Katharine V. Jensen, Andrew G. Woodman et al.     L-plastin is a calcium-regulated actin-bundling protein that is expressed in cells of hematopoietic origin and in most metastatic cancer cells. These cell types are mobile and …             Overcoming the dichotomy between open and isolated populations using genomic data from a large European dataset ▶     Paolo Anagnostou, Valentina Dominici, Cinzia Battaggia et al.     Human populations are often dichotomized into “isolated” and “open” categories using cultural and/or geographical barriers to gene flow as differential criteria. Although …             Brain networks involved in tactile speed classification of moving dot patterns: the effects of speed and dot periodicity ▶     Jiajia Yang, Ryo Kitada, Takanori Kochiyama et al.     Humans are able to judge the speed of an object’s motion by touch. Research has suggested that tactile judgment of speed is influenced by physical properties of the moving …             Lipidomics reveals dramatic lipid compositional changes in the maturing postnatal lung ▶     Sydney E. Dautel, Jennifer E. Kyle, Geremy Clair et al.     Lung immaturity is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in premature infants. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving normal lung development could provide insights on …             Comparative genomics of Vibrio campbellii strains and core species of the Vibrio Harveyi clade ▶     Huei-Mien Ke, Anuphap Prachumwat, Chun-Ping Yu et al.     The core of the Vibrio Harveyi clade contains V. harveyi, V. campbellii, V. owensii, V. jasicida, and V. rotiferianus. They are well recognized aquatic animal pathogens, but …             Impact of salt stress, cell death, and autophagy on peroxisomes: quantitative and morphological analyses using small fluorescent probe N-BODIPY ▶     Deirdre Fahy, Marwa N. M. E. Sanad, Kerstin Duscha et al.     Plant peroxisomes maintain a plethora of key life processes including fatty acid β-oxidation, photorespiration, synthesis of hormones, and homeostasis of reactive oxygen species …             The sRNAome mining revealed existence of unique signature small RNAs derived from 5.8SrRNA from Piper nigrum and other plant lineages ▶     Srinivasan Asha, E. V. Soniya     Small RNAs derived from ribosomal RNAs (srRNAs) are rarely explored in the high-throughput data of plant systems. Here, we analyzed srRNAs from the deep-sequenced small RNA …             Caffeic Acid Cyclohexylamide Rescues Lethal Inflammation in Septic Mice through Inhibition of IκB Kinase in Innate Immune Process ▶     Jun Hyeon Choi, Sun Hong Park, Jae-Kyung Jung et al.     Targeting myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2) or Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with small molecule inhibitor rescues the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in …             Sublethal pesticide doses negatively affect survival and the cellular responses in American foulbrood-infected honeybee larvae ▶     Javier Hernández López, Sophie Krainer, Antonia Engert et al.     Disclosing interactions between pesticides and bee infections is of most interest to understand challenges that pollinators are facing and to which extent bee health is …             Enhancing gene regulatory network inference through data integration with markov random fields ▶     Michael Banf, Seung Y. Rhee     A gene regulatory network links transcription factors to their target genes and represents a map of transcriptional regulation. Much progress has been made in deciphering gene …             Genetic polymorphisms and their association with brain and behavioural measures in heterogeneous stock mice ▶     Magdalena Janecka, Sarah J. Marzi, Michael J. Parsons et al.     Although the search for quantitative trait loci for behaviour remains a considerable challenge, the complicated genetic architecture of quantitative traits is beginning to be …             Targeted nanoparticles encapsulating (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate for prostate cancer prevention and therapy ▶     Vanna Sanna, Chandra K. Singh, Rahime Jashari et al.     Earlier we introduced the concept of ‘nanochemoprevention’ i.e. the use of nanotechnology to improve the outcome of cancer chemoprevention. Here, we extended our work and …             Honeybee locomotion is impaired by Am-CaV3 low voltage-activated Ca2+ channel antagonist ▶     M. Rousset, C. Collet, T. Cens et al.     Voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels are key transducers of cellular excitability and participate in several crucial physiological responses. In vertebrates, 10 Ca2+ channel genes, …             TDAG8 involved in initiating inflammatory hyperalgesia and establishing hyperalgesic priming in mice ▶     Shih-Ping Dai, Ya-Han Huang, Chung-Jen Chang et al.     Chronic pain, resulting from injury, arthritis, and cancer, is often accompanied by inflammation. High concentrations of protons found in inflamed tissues results in tissue …             Intracellular Accumulation of Gold Nanoparticles Leads to Inhibition of Macropinocytosis to Reduce the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ▶     Nuray Gunduz, Hakan Ceylan, Mustafa O. Guler et al.     Understanding the toxicity of nanomaterials remains largely limited to acute cellular response, i.e., short-term in vitro cell-death based assays, and analyses of tissue- and …             Identification of genomic regions for grain yield and yield stability and their epistatic interactions ▶     Deepmala Sehgal, Enrique Autrique, Ravi Singh et al.     The task of identifying genomic regions conferring yield stability is challenging in any crop and requires large experimental data sets in conjunction with complex analytical …             Synergistic effects of metformin with liraglutide against endothelial dysfunction through GLP-1 receptor and PKA signalling pathway ▶     Jing Ke, Ye Liu, Jin Yang et al.     Metformin or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue liraglutide has cardiovascular benefits. However, it is not clear whether their combined treatment have additive or …             ZP3 is Required for Germinal Vesicle Breakdown in Mouse Oocyte Meiosis ▶     Lei-Lei Gao, Chun-Xiang Zhou, Xiao-Lan Zhang et al.     ZP3 is a principal component of the zona pellucida (ZP) of mammalian oocytes and is essential for normal fertility, and knockout of ZP3 causes complete infertility. ZP3 promotes …             Molecular, morphological and survival analysis of 177 resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs): Identification of prognostic subtypes ▶     Anna Melissa Schlitter, Angela Segler, Katja Steiger et al.     Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has generally a poor prognosis, but recent data suggest that there are molecular subtypes differing in clinical outcome. This study …             Effects of Normothermic Conditioned Microwave Irradiation on Cultured Cells Using an Irradiation System with Semiconductor Oscillator and Thermo-regulatory Applicator ▶     Mamiko Asano, Minoru Sakaguchi, Satoshi Tanaka et al.     We investigated the effects of microwave irradiation under normothermic conditions on cultured cells. For this study, we developed an irradiation system constituted with …             Effects of ocean acidification on the potency of macroalgal allelopathy to a common coral ▶     Carlos Del Monaco, Mark E. Hay, Patrick Gartrell et al.     Many coral reefs have phase shifted from coral to macroalgal dominance. Ocean acidification (OA) due to elevated CO2 is hypothesised to advantage macroalgae over corals, …             Succinate ester derivative of δ-tocopherol enhances the protective effects against 60Co γ-ray-induced hematopoietic injury through granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induction in mice ▶     Zhong-Tang Li, Li-Mei Wang, Li-Rong Yi et al.     α-tocopherol succinate (α-TOS), γ-tocotrienol (GT3) and δ-tocotrienol (DT3) have drawn large attention due to their efficacy as radioprotective agents. α-TOS has been shown to …             Anticancer Drug Camptothecin Test in 3D Hydrogel Networks with HeLa cells ▶     Jun Liang, Xiuzhi Susan Sun, Zhilong Yang et al.     Development of a biomimetic 3D culture system for drug screening is necessary to fully understand the in vivo environment. Previously, a self-assembling peptide hydrogel has been …             Improving polygenic risk prediction from summary statistics by an empirical Bayes approach ▶     Hon-Cheong So, Pak C. Sham     Polygenic risk scores (PRS) from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are increasingly used to predict disease risks. However some included variants could be false positives …             Unraveling the cytotoxicity and metabolic pathways of binary natural deep eutectic solvent systems ▶     Yves Paul Mbous, Maan Hayyan, Won Fen Wong et al.     In this study, the anticancer potential and cytotoxicity of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were assessed using HelaS3, PC3, A375, AGS, MCF-7, and WRL-68 hepatic cell …             Primary Human Placental Trophoblasts are Permissive for Zika Virus (ZIKV) Replication ▶     Kjersti M. Aagaard, Anismrita Lahon, Melissa A. Suter et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne (Aedes genus) arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family. Although ZIKV has been predominately associated with a mild or asymptomatic …             Eddy covariance and biometric measurements show that a savanna ecosystem in Southwest China is a carbon sink ▶     Xuehai Fei, Yanqiang Jin, Yiping Zhang et al.     Savanna ecosystems play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. However, there is a gap in our understanding of carbon fluxes in the savanna ecosystems of Southeast Asia. In …             Young Bone-Marrow Sca-1+ Stem Cells Rejuvenate the Aged Heart and Improve Function after Injury through PDGFRβ-Akt pathway ▶     Shu-Hong Li, Lu Sun, Lei Yang et al.     Bone marrow (BM) reconstitution with young BM cells in aged recipients restores the functionality of cardiac resident BM-derived progenitors. This study investigated the cell …             The intervening domain from MeCP2 enhances the DNA affinity of the methyl binding domain and provides an independent DNA interaction site ▶     Rafael Claveria-Gimeno, Pilar M. Lanuza, Ignacio Morales-Chueca et al.     Methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) preferentially interacts with methylated DNA and it is involved in epigenetic regulation and chromatin remodelling. Mutations in MeCP2 are …             Lysosomal dysfunction and autophagy blockade contribute to IMB-6G-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells ▶     Lu Liu, Na Zhang, Yueying Dou et al.     Targeting the autophagic pathway is currently regarded as an attractive strategy for cancer drug discovery. Our previous work showed that IMB-6G is a novel N-substituted …             Joint genome-wide association and transcriptome sequencing reveals a complex polygenic network underlying hypocotyl elongation in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) ▶     Xiang Luo, Zhifei Xue, Chaozhi Ma et al.     Hypocotyl elongation is considered an important typical seedling trait contributing directly to an increase in and stabilization of the yield in Brassica napus, but its molecular …             Predictive radiogenomics modeling of EGFR mutation status in lung cancer ▶     Olivier Gevaert, Sebastian Echegaray, Amanda Khuong et al.     Molecular analysis of the mutation status for EGFR and KRAS are now routine in the management of non-small cell lung cancer. Radiogenomics, the linking of medical images with the …             Identifying the Metabolic Differences of a Fast-Growth Phenotype in Synechococcus UTEX 2973 ▶     Thomas J. Mueller, Justin L. Ungerer, Himadri B. Pakrasi et al.     The photosynthetic capabilities of cyanobacteria make them interesting candidates for industrial bioproduction. One obstacle to large-scale implementation of cyanobacteria is …             Transcriptional heterogeneity in the lactase gene within cell-type is linked to the epigenome ▶     Edward Oh, Richie Jeremian, Gabriel Oh et al.     Transcriptional variation in histologically- and genetically- identical cells is a widespread phenomenon in tissues, yet the processes conferring this heterogeneity are not well …             Corrigendum: Modulation of gut microbiota and delayed immunosenescence as a result of syringaresinol consumption in middle-aged mice ▶     Si-Young Cho, Juewon Kim, Ji Hae Lee et al.                 Single α-particle irradiation permits real-time visualization of RNF8 accumulation at DNA damaged sites ▶     Giovanna Muggiolu, Michal Pomorski, Gérard Claverie et al.     As well as being a significant source of environmental radiation exposure, α-particles are increasingly considered for use in targeted radiation therapy. A better understanding …             Intravenous Formulation of HET0016 Decreased Human Glioblastoma Growth and Implicated Survival Benefit in Rat Xenograft Models ▶     Meenu Jain, Nipuni-Dhanesha H. Gamage, Meshal Alsulami et al.     Glioblastoma (GBM) is a hypervascular primary brain tumor with poor prognosis. HET0016 is a selective CYP450 inhibitor, which has been shown to inhibit angiogenesis and tumor …             Drosophila CG3303 is an essential endoribonuclease linked to TDP-43-mediated neurodegeneration ▶     Pietro Laneve, Lucia Piacentini, Assunta Maria Casale et al.     Endoribonucleases participate in almost every step of eukaryotic RNA metabolism, acting either as degradative or biosynthetic enzymes. We previously identified the founding …             Rewiring carotenoid biosynthesis in plants using a viral vector ▶     Eszter Majer, Briardo Llorente, Manuel Rodríguez-Concepción et al.     Plants can be engineered to sustainably produce compounds of nutritional, industrial or pharmaceutical relevance. This is, however, a challenging task as extensive regulation of …             Platelet activation determines the severity of thrombocytopenia in dengue infection ▶     Amrita Ojha, Dipika Nandi, Harish Batra et al.     Thrombocytopenia is common in patients with dengue virus (DENV) infections. With a focus on understanding the possible mechanism of thrombocytopenia in DENV infections we …             Polymorphism of apyrimidinic DNA structures in the nucleosome ▶     Akihisa Osakabe, Yasuhiro Arimura, Syota Matsumoto et al.     Huge amounts (>10,000/day) of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are produced in genomes, but their structures in chromatin remain undetermined. We determined the crystal structure …             Simple and complex retinal dystrophies are associated with profoundly different disease networks ▶     Christina Kiel, Claire Lastrucci, Philip J. Luthert et al.     Retinopathies are a group of monogenetic or complex retinal diseases associated with high unmet medical need. Monogenic disorders are caused by rare genetic variation and usually …             Dynamic evolution of hepatitis C virus resistance-associated substitutions in the absence of antiviral treatment ▶     Auda A. Eltahla, Preston Leung, Mehdi R. Pirozyan et al.     Resistance against new hepatitis C virus (HCV) antivirals is an area of increasing interest. Resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) have been identified in treatment-naïve …             Accurate discrimination of the wake-sleep states of mice using non-invasive whole-body plethysmography ▶     Stefano Bastianini, Sara Alvente, Chiara Berteotti et al.     A major limitation in the study of sleep breathing disorders in mouse models of pathology is the need to combine whole-body plethysmography (WBP) to measure respiration with …             QuickProbs 2: Towards rapid construction of high-quality alignments of large protein families ▶     Adam Gudyś, Sebastian Deorowicz     The ever-increasing size of sequence databases caused by the development of high throughput sequencing, poses to multiple alignment algorithms one of the greatest challenges yet. …             A new model of sperm nuclear architecture following assessment of the organization of centromeres and telomeres in three-dimensions ▶     Dimitrios Ioannou, Nicole M. Millan, Elizabeth Jordan et al.     The organization of chromosomes in sperm nuclei has been proposed to possess a unique “hairpin-loop” arrangement, which is hypothesized to aid in the ordered exodus of the …             NF-κB suppresses apoptosis and promotes bladder cancer cell proliferation by upregulating survivin expression in vitro and in vivo ▶     Xiaolu Cui, Dezhi Shen, Chuize Kong et al.     Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activation is a common phenomenon in cancers, which results in the aberrant expression of NF-κB target genes and leads to malignant transformation, …             Control of Neuropeptide Expression by Parallel Activity-dependent Pathways in Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Teresa Rojo Romanos, Jakob Gramstrup Petersen, Roger Pocock     Monitoring of neuronal activity within circuits facilitates integrated responses and rapid changes in behavior. We have identified a system in Caenorhabditis elegans where …             Thicker three-dimensional tissue from a “symbiotic recycling system” combining mammalian cells and algae ▶     Yuji Haraguchi, Yuki Kagawa, Katsuhisa Sakaguchi et al.     In this paper, we report an in vitro co-culture system that combines mammalian cells and algae, Chlorococcum littorale, to create a three-dimensional (3-D) tissue. While the …             Nutritional background changes the hypolipidemic effects of fenofibrate in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) ▶     Li-Jun Ning, An-Yuan He, Dong-Liang Lu et al.     Peroxisome proliferation activated receptor α (PPARα) is an important transcriptional regulator of lipid metabolism and is activated by high-fat diet (HFD) and fibrates in …             Foveal processing difficulty does not affect parafoveal preprocessing in young readers ▶     Christina Marx, Stefan Hawelka, Sarah Schuster et al.     Recent evidence suggested that parafoveal preprocessing develops early during reading acquisition, that is, young readers profit from valid parafoveal information and exhibit a …             Germline large genomic alterations on 7q in patients with multiple primary cancers ▶     R. A. R. Villacis, T. R. Basso, L. M. Canto et al.     Patients with multiple primary cancers (MPCs) are suspected to have a hereditary cancer syndrome. However, only a small proportion may be explained by mutations in …             Combination of cephalosporins with vancomycin or teicoplanin enhances antibacterial effect of glycopeptides against heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) and VISA ▶     Chih-Cheng Lai, Chi-Chung Chen, Yin-Ching Chuang et al.     Eight heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (h-VISA) and seven VISA clinical isolates confirmed by the population analysis profile/area under the curve ratio (PAP/AUC) …             Cortisol Awakening Response and Acute Stress Reactivity in First Nations People ▶     Maximus Berger, Anthony Leicht, Angela Slatcher et al.     First Nations people globally have a higher incidence of mental disorders and non-communicable diseases. These health inequalities are partially attributed to a complex network …             A bias-minimising measure of the influence of head orientation on perceived gaze direction ▶     Tarryn Balsdon, Colin W. G. Clifford     The orientation of the head is an important cue for gaze direction, and its role has been explained in a dual route model. The model incorporates both an attractive and a …             Skeletal Site-specific Effects of Zoledronate on in vivo Bone Remodeling and in vitro BMSCs Osteogenic Activity ▶     Xue Gong, Wanlu Yu, Hang Zhao et al.     Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) has been associated with long-term oral or intravenous administration of nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (BPs). …             Genome-Wide Association Study of Polymorphisms Predisposing to Bronchiolitis ▶     Anu Pasanen, Minna K. Karjalainen, Louis Bont et al.     Bronchiolitis is a major cause of hospitalization among infants. Severe bronchiolitis is associated with later asthma, suggesting a common genetic predisposition. Genetic …             Small-seeded Hakea species tolerate cotyledon loss better than large-seeded congeners ▶     Sh-hoob El-Amhir, Byron B. Lamont, Tianhua He et al.     Six Hakea species varying greatly in seed size were selected for cotyledon damage experiments. The growth of seedlings with cotyledons partially or completely removed was …             Quality Control by Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase of Bacillus subtilis Is Required for Efficient Sporulation ▶     Elizabeth Kermgard, Zhou Yang, Annika-Marisa Michel et al.     Isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase (IleRS) is an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase whose essential function is to aminoacylate tRNAIle with isoleucine. Like some other aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, …             The PRC2-binding long non-coding RNAs in human and mouse genomes are associated with predictive sequence features ▶     Shiqi Tu, Guo-Cheng Yuan, Zhen Shao     Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as an important class of molecules involved in many cellular processes. One of their primary functions is to shape …             No effect of Bt Cry1Ie toxin on bacterial diversity in the midgut of the Chinese honey bees, Apis cerana cerana (Hymenoptera, Apidae) ▶     Hui-Ru Jia, Ping-Li Dai, Li-Li Geng et al.     Cry1Ie protein derived from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been proposed as a promising candidate for the development of a new Bt-maize variety to control maize pests in China. …             Independent movement of the voltage sensors in KV2.1/KV6.4 heterotetramers ▶     Elke Bocksteins, Dirk J. Snyders, Miguel Holmgren     Heterotetramer voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels KV2.1/KV6.4 display a gating charge-voltage (QV) distribution composed by two separate components. We use state dependent chemical …             Non-AUG start codons responsible for ABO weak blood group alleles on initiation mutant backgrounds ▶     Emili Cid, Miyako Yamamoto, Fumiichiro Yamamoto     Histo-blood group ABO gene polymorphism is crucial in transfusion medicine. We studied the activity and subcellular distribution of ABO gene-encoded A glycosyltransferases with …             The hypothalamic NPVF circuit modulates ventral raphe activity during nociception ▶     Romain Madelaine, Matthew Lovett-Barron, Caroline Halluin et al.     RFamide neuropeptide VF (NPVF) is expressed by neurons in the hypothalamus and has been implicated in nociception, but the circuit mechanisms remain unexplored. Here, we studied …             Histone H4 expression is cooperatively maintained by IKKβ and Akt1 which attenuates cisplatin-induced apoptosis through the DNA-PK/RIP1/IAPs signaling cascade ▶     Ruixue Wang, Xuelian Zheng, Lei Zhang et al.     While chromatin remodeling mediated by post-translational modification of histone is extensively studied in carcinogenesis and cancer cell’s response to chemotherapy and …             Myosuppressin is involved in the regulation of pupal diapause in the cabbage army moth Mamestra brassicae ▶     Nobuto Yamada, Hiroshi Kataoka, Akira Mizoguchi     Diapause, a programmed developmental arrest, is common in insects, enabling them to survive adverse seasons. It is well established that pupal diapause is regulated by …             Suppression of emission rates improves sonar performance by flying bats ▶     Amanda M. Adams, Kaylee Davis, Michael Smotherman     Echolocating bats face the challenge of actively sensing their environment through their own emissions, while also hearing calls and echoes of nearby conspecifics. How bats …             Accumulated quiescent neural stem cells in adult hippocampus of the mouse model for the MECP2 duplication syndrome ▶     Zhifang Chen, Xiao Li, Jingjing Zhou et al.     Duplications of Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) -containing segments lead to the MECP2 duplication syndrome, in which severe autistic symptoms were identified. Whether adult …             Therapeutic properties of Scutellaria baicalensis in db/db mice evaluated using Connectivity Map and network pharmacology ▶     Bu-Yeo Kim, Kwang Hoon Song, Chi-Yeon Lim et al.     We have reported that an extract of Scutellaria baicalensis (ESB) has effects against obesity and hypertriglyceridemia in type 2 diabetic animal model (db/db mouse). In the …             Sounds can boost the awareness of visual events through attention without cross-modal integration ▶     Márta Szabina Pápai, Salvador Soto-Faraco     Cross-modal interactions can lead to enhancement of visual perception, even for visual events below awareness. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Can purely …             Adaptor Protein 2 (AP-2) complex is essential for functional axogenesis in hippocampal neurons ▶     Jae Won Kyung, In Ha Cho, Sukmook Lee et al.     The complexity and diversity of a neural network requires regulated elongation and branching of axons, as well as the formation of synapses between neurons. In the present study …             A sensitive single-enzyme assay system using the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase BpsA for measurement of L-glutamine in biological samples ▶     Alistair S. Brown, Katherine J. Robins, David F. Ackerley     The ability to rapidly, economically and accurately measure L-glutamine concentrations in biological samples is important for many areas of research, medicine or industry, …             Isolation and characterization of a spotted leaf 32 mutant with early leaf senescence and enhanced defense response in rice ▶     Liting Sun, Yihua Wang, Ling-long Liu et al.     Leaf senescence is a complex biological process and defense responses play vital role for rice development, their molecular mechanisms, however, remain elusive in rice. We herein …             Genome-wide Regulatory Roles of the C2H2-type Zinc Finger Protein ZNF764 on the Glucocorticoid Receptor ▶     Abeer Fadda, Najeeb Syed, Rafah Mackeh et al.     The C2H2-type zinc finger protein ZNF764 acts as an enhancer for several steroid hormone receptors, and haploinsufficiency of this gene may be responsible for tissue resistance …             The crystal structure of the Sgt1-Skp1 complex: the link between Hsp90 and both SCF E3 ubiquitin ligases and kinetochores ▶     Oliver Willhoft, Richard Kerr, Dipali Patel et al.     The essential cochaperone Sgt1 recruits Hsp90 chaperone activity to a range of cellular factors including SCF E3 ubiquitin ligases and the kinetochore in eukaryotes. In these …             BMP2-coprecipitated calcium phosphate granules enhance osteoinductivity of deproteinized bovine bone, and bone formation during critical-sized bone defect healing ▶     Tie Liu, Yuanna Zheng, Gang Wu et al.     Most materials used clinically for filling critical-sized bone defects (CSBD), such as deproteinized bovine bone (DBB), lack osteoinductivity so that their therapeutic effects …             Long Blood Residence and Large Tumor Uptake of Ruthenium Sulfide Nanoclusters for Highly Efficient Cancer Photothermal Therapy ▶     Zhuoxuan Lu, Feng-ying Huang, Rong Cao et al.     Transition metal sulfide (TMS) holds great potential in cancer photothermal therapy (PTT) because of the high absorbance in the near-infrared (NIR) region. The short blood …             A Novel Cardiotoxic Mechanism for a Pervasive Global Pollutant ▶     Fabien Brette, Holly A. Shiels, Gina L. J. Galli et al.     The Deepwater Horizon disaster drew global attention to the toxicity of crude oil and the potential for adverse health effects amongst marine life and spill responders in the …             SNP variants associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) correlate with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II expression ▶     Lik-Chin Ten, Yoon-Ming Chin, Mei-Chee Tai et al.     Large consortia efforts and genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have linked a number of genetic variants within the 6p21 chromosomal region to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). …             Attenuated contact heat-evoked potentials associated with sensory and social-emotional symptoms in individuals with autism spectrum disorder ▶     Yi-Ling Chien, Shao-Wei Wu, Chih-Pang Chu et al.     Sensory disturbance is associated with socio-emotional problems in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most studies assess sensory symptoms by self-reports, which …             A Functional IL22 Polymorphism (rs2227473) Is Associated with Predisposition to Childhood Cerebral Malaria ▶     Sandrine Marquet, Ianina Conte, Belco Poudiougou et al.     Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection. This encephalopathy is characterized by coma and is thought to result from mechanical …             The β and γ subunits play distinct functional roles in the α2βγ heterotetramer of human NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase ▶     Tengfei Ma, Yingjie Peng, Wei Huang et al.     Human NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase existing as the α2βγ heterotetramer, catalyzes the decarboxylation of isocitrate into α-ketoglutarate in the Krebs cycle, and is …             Elevated-temperature-induced acceleration of PACT clearing process of mouse brain tissue ▶     Tingting Yu, Yisong Qi, Jingtan Zhu et al.     Tissue optical clearing technique shows a great potential for neural imaging with high resolution, especially for connectomics in brain. The passive clarity technique (PACT) is a …             The fibrogenic actions of lung fibroblast-derived urokinase: a potential drug target in IPF ▶     Michael Schuliga, Jade Jaffar, Trudi Harris et al.     The role of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains unclear. uPA-generated plasmin has potent fibrogenic actions involving protease …             Inhibition of PDGFR signaling prevents muscular fatty infiltration after rotator cuff tear in mice ▶     Hideyuki Shirasawa, Noboru Matsumura, Masayuki Shimoda et al.     Fatty infiltration in muscle is often observed in patients with sizable rotator cuff tear (RCT) and is thought to be an irreversible event that significantly compromises muscle …             Development of polymer based cryogel matrix for transportation and storage of mammalian cells ▶     Jyoti Kumari, Ashok Kumar     We studied the potential of polymeric cryogel matrices such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-agarose (HA) and gelatin matrix as a transporting and storage material for …             Prognostic value of marital status on stage at diagnosis in hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Wenjie Zhang, Xiaochen Wang, Ruyi Huang et al.     Marital status have been found as an independent prognostic factor for survival and spousal support could provide a survival advantage in various cancer types. However, the …             Intranasal Delivery of A Novel Amnion Cell Secretome Prevents Neuronal Damage and Preserves Function In A Mouse Multiple Sclerosis Model ▶     Reas S. Khan, Kimberly Dine, Bailey Bauman et al.     The ability of a novel intranasally delivered amnion cell derived biologic to suppress inflammation, prevent neuronal damage and preserve neurologic function in the experimental …             Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy enables multiscale spatial visualization of ions involved in fungal lignocellulose deconstruction ▶     Grant Kirker, Sam Zelinka, Sophie-Charlotte Gleber et al.     The role of ions in the fungal decay process of lignocellulose biomaterials, and more broadly fungal metabolism, has implications for diverse research disciplines ranging from …             Deferasirox-induced iron depletion promotes BclxL downregulation and death of proximal tubular cells ▶     Diego Martin-Sanchez, Angel Gallegos-Villalobos, Miguel Fontecha-Barriuso et al.     Iron deficiency has been associated with kidney injury. Deferasirox is an oral iron chelator used to treat blood transfusion-related iron overload. Nephrotoxicity is the most …             The differential ability of asparagine and glutamine in promoting the closed/active enzyme conformation rationalizes the Wolinella succinogenes L-asparaginase substrate specificity ▶     Hien Anh Nguyen, Donald L. Durden, Arnon Lavie     Many side effects of current FDA-approved L-asparaginases have been related to their secondary L-glutaminase activity. The Wolinella succinogenes L-asparaginase (WoA) has been …                 Chemical Sciences ▲ top               New insights into the electrochemical behavior of acid orange 7: Convergent paired electrochemical synthesis of new aminonaphthol derivatives ▶     Shima Momeni, Davood Nematollahi     Electrochemical behavior of acid orange 7 has been exhaustively studied in aqueous solutions with different pH values, using cyclic voltammetry and constant current coulometry. …             Insight into the Role of Surface Wettability in Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reactions Using Light-Sensitive Nanotubular TiO2 Supported Pt Electrodes ▶     Chenhui Meng, Bing Wang, Ziyue Gao et al.     Surface wettability is of importance for electrochemical reactions. Herein, its role in electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions is investigated using light-sensitive …             Corrigendum: Fabrication of Ultrafine Soft-Matter Arrays by Selective Contact Thermochemical Reaction ▶     X. Cai, Yue Wang, Xiaowei Wang et al.                 Dissociation and Ionization of Quasi-Periodically Vibrating H2+ in Intense Few-Cycle Mid-Infrared Laser Fields ▶     Shicheng Jiang, Chao Yu, Guanglu Yuan et al.     Using quantum mechanics calculations, we theoretically study the dissociation and ionization dynamics of the hydrogen-molecule ion in strong laser fields. Having prepared the …             Self-assemble nanoparticles based on polypeptides containing C-terminal luminescent Pt-cysteine complex ▶     E. G. Vlakh, E. V. Grachova, D. D. Zhukovsky et al.     The growing attention to the luminescent nanocarriers is strongly stimulated by their potential application as drug delivery systems and by the necessity to monitor their …             Multipath colourimetric assay for copper(II) ions utilizing MarR functionalized gold nanoparticles ▶     Yulong Wang, Limin Wang, Zhenhe Su et al.     We use the multiple antibiotic resistance regulator (MarR), as a highly selective biorecognition elements in a multipath colourimetric sensing strategy for the fast detection of …             Boreal pollen contain ice-nucleating as well as ice-binding ‘antifreeze’ polysaccharides ▶     Katharina Dreischmeier, Carsten Budke, Lars Wiehemeier et al.     Ice nucleation and growth is an important and widespread environmental process. Accordingly, nature has developed means to either promote or inhibit ice crystal formation, for …             Eumelanin broadband absorption develops from aggregation-modulated chromophore interactions under structural and redox control ▶     Raffaella Micillo, Lucia Panzella, Mariagrazia Iacomino et al.     Eumelanins, the chief photoprotective pigments in man and mammals, owe their black color to an unusual broadband absorption spectrum whose origin is still a conundrum. Excitonic …             Cell-free measurements of brightness of fluorescently labeled antibodies ▶     Haiying Zhou, George Tourkakis, Dennis Shi et al.     Validation of imaging contrast agents, such as fluorescently labeled imaging antibodies, has been recognized as a critical challenge in clinical and preclinical studies. As the …             Occurrence of acrylamide carcinogen in Arabic coffee Qahwa, coffee and tea from Saudi Arabian market ▶     Mohammad Rizwan Khan, Zeid Abdullah Alothman, Mu Naushad et al.     The present work describes the outcomes of the assessment on acrylamide contents in a number of thermally treated foods (Arabic coffee Qahwa, coffee and tea) obtained from the …             Size-dependent cellular uptake mechanism and cytotoxicity toward calcium oxalate on Vero cells ▶     Xin-Yuan Sun, Qiong-Zhi Gan, Jian-Ming Ouyang     Urinary crystals with various sizes are present in healthy individuals and patients with kidney stone; however, the cellular uptake mechanism of calcium oxalate of various sizes …             Unraveling the cytotoxicity and metabolic pathways of binary natural deep eutectic solvent systems ▶     Yves Paul Mbous, Maan Hayyan, Won Fen Wong et al.     In this study, the anticancer potential and cytotoxicity of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were assessed using HelaS3, PC3, A375, AGS, MCF-7, and WRL-68 hepatic cell …             Controlled doping by self-assembled dendrimer-like macromolecules ▶     Haigang Wu, Bin Guan, Yingri Sun et al.     Doping via self-assembled macromolecules might offer a solution for developing single atom electronics by precisely placing individual dopants at arbitrary location to meet the …             Efficient electrochemical remediation of microcystin-LR in tap water using designer TiO2@carbon electrodes ▶     Germán Sanz Lobón, Alfonso Yepez, Luane Ferreira Garcia et al.     Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is the most abundant and toxic secondary metabolite produced by freshwater cyanobacteria. This toxin has a high potential hazard health due …             A portable luminescent thermometer based on green up-conversion emission of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped tellurite glass ▶     Danilo Manzani, João Flávio da Silveira Petruci, Karina Nigoghossian et al.     The determination of temperature is essential in many applications in the biomedical, technological, and industrial fields. Optical thermometry appears to be an excellent …             Polystyrene-based Hollow Microsphere Synthesized by γ-ray Irradiation-assisted Polymerization and Self-Assembly and Its Application in Detection of Ionizing Radiation ▶     Wenhui Fan, Qing Li, Liang Hu et al.     To simply and multitudinously synthesize hollow microspheres in a pure system is important for relevant research and application. Here, a simple and novel one-pot synthetic …             Mulifunctional Dendritic Emitter: Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhanced, Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Material for Solution-Processed Multilayered Organic Light-Emitting Diodes ▶     Kenichi Matsuoka, Ken Albrecht, Kimihisa Yamamoto et al.     Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials emerged as promising light sources in third generation organic light-emitting diodes (OLED). Much effort has been …             Deliberate Switching of Single Photochromic Triads ▶     Johannes Maier, Martti Pärs, Tina Weller et al.     Photochromic molecules can be reversibly converted between two bistable conformations by light, and are considered as promising building blocks in novel macromolecular structures …             Investigation on LiBH4-CaH2 composite and its potential for thermal energy storage ▶     Yang Li, Ping Li, Xuanhui Qu     The LiBH4/CaH2 composite are firstly studied as Concentrating Solar Power Thermal Storage Material. The LiBH4/CaH2 composite according to the stoichiometric ratio are synthesized …             The β and γ subunits play distinct functional roles in the α2βγ heterotetramer of human NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase ▶     Tengfei Ma, Yingjie Peng, Wei Huang et al.     Human NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase existing as the α2βγ heterotetramer, catalyzes the decarboxylation of isocitrate into α-ketoglutarate in the Krebs cycle, and is …                 Physical Sciences ▲ top               Corrigendum: Fabrication of Ultrafine Soft-Matter Arrays by Selective Contact Thermochemical Reaction ▶     X. Cai, Yue Wang, Xiaowei Wang et al.                 Lead-free piezoelectrics: V3+ to V5+ ion conversion promoting the performances of V-doped Zinc Oxide ▶     M. Laurenti, M. Castellino, D. Perrone et al.     Vanadium doped ZnO (VZO) thin films were grown by RF magnetron sputtering, starting from a ZnO:V ceramic target. The crystal structure, chemical composition, electric and …             New insights into the electrochemical behavior of acid orange 7: Convergent paired electrochemical synthesis of new aminonaphthol derivatives ▶     Shima Momeni, Davood Nematollahi     Electrochemical behavior of acid orange 7 has been exhaustively studied in aqueous solutions with different pH values, using cyclic voltammetry and constant current coulometry. …             Interplay between the static ordering and dynamical heterogeneities determining the dynamics of rotation and ordinary liquid phases in 1,6-anhydro-β-D-glucose ▶     O. Madejczyk, K. Kaminski, E. Kaminska et al.     In this letter, we reported thorough the structural and molecular dynamics studies on 1,6-anhydro-β-D-glucose, the second compound reported so far that is capable to form rotator …             Schottky barrier at graphene/metal oxide interfaces: insight from first-principles calculations ▶     Kai Cheng, Nannan Han, Yan Su et al.     Anode materials play an important role in determining the performance of lithium ion batteries. In experiment, graphene (GR)/metal oxide (MO) composites possess excellent …             Terahertz imaging for early screening of diabetic foot syndrome: A proof of concept ▶     G. G. Hernandez-Cardoso, S. C. Rojas-Landeros, M. Alfaro-Gomez et al.     Most people with diabetes suffer some deterioration of the feet. Diabetic foot syndrome causes ulceration in about 15% of cases and such deterioration leads to amputation in …             Insight into the Role of Surface Wettability in Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reactions Using Light-Sensitive Nanotubular TiO2 Supported Pt Electrodes ▶     Chenhui Meng, Bing Wang, Ziyue Gao et al.     Surface wettability is of importance for electrochemical reactions. Herein, its role in electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions is investigated using light-sensitive …             Photons, phonons, and plasmons with orbital angular momentum in plasmas ▶     Qiang Chen, Hong Qin, Jian Liu     Exact eigen modes with orbital angular momentum (OAM) in the complex media of unmagnetized homogeneous plasmas are studied. Three exact eigen modes with OAM are derived, i.e., …             Dissociation and Ionization of Quasi-Periodically Vibrating H2+ in Intense Few-Cycle Mid-Infrared Laser Fields ▶     Shicheng Jiang, Chao Yu, Guanglu Yuan et al.     Using quantum mechanics calculations, we theoretically study the dissociation and ionization dynamics of the hydrogen-molecule ion in strong laser fields. Having prepared the …             Angle-independent pH-sensitive composites with natural gyroid structure ▶     Ruiyang Xue, Wang Zhang, Peng Sun et al.     pH sensor is an important and practical device with a wide application in environmental protection field and biomedical industries. An efficient way to enhance the practicability …             Black TiO2 nanobelts/g-C3N4 nanosheets Laminated Heterojunctions with Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Performance ▶     Liyan Shen, Zipeng Xing, Jinlong Zou et al.     Black TiO2 nanobelts/g-C3N4 nanosheets laminated heterojunctions (b-TiO2/g-C3N4) as visible-light-driven photocatalysts are fabricated through a simple hydrothermal-calcination …             Enhanced performance of sulfur-infiltrated bimodal mesoporous carbon foam by chemical solution deposition as cathode materials for lithium sulfur batteries ▶     Tae-Gyung Jeong, Jinyong Chun, Byung-Won Cho et al.     The porous carbon matrix is widely recognized to be a promising sulfur reservoir to improve the cycle life by suppressing the polysulfide dissolution in lithium sulfur batteries …             Characteristics, chemical compositions and biological activities of propolis from Al-Bahah, Saudi Arabia ▶     Yasser A. Elnakady, Ahmed I. Rushdi, Raimo Franke et al.     Propolis has been used to treat several diseases since ancient times, and is an important source of bioactive natural compounds and drug derivatives. These properties have kept …             Material-assisted metamaterial: a new dimension to create functional metamaterial ▶     Wei-Yi Tsai, Chih-Ming Wang, Ching-Fu Chen et al.     A high Q-value reflective type metasurface consisting of 1D Au nanorods, a SiO2 spacer and a Au back reflector is demonstrated. It is shown that the sideband of the resonant mode …             Structural and magnetic properties of core-shell Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles ▶     L. León Félix, J. A. H. Coaquira, M. A. R. Martínez et al.     We present a systematic study of core-shell Au/Fe3O4 nanoparticles produced by thermal decomposition under mild conditions. The morphology and crystal structure of the …             Magnetic Lifshitz transition and its consequences in multi-band iron-based superconductors ▶     Andrzej Ptok, Konrad J. Kapcia, Agnieszka Cichy et al.     In this paper we address Lifshitz transition induced by applied external magnetic field in a case of iron-based superconductors, in which a difference between the Fermi level and …             Turbulent chimeras in large semiconductor laser arrays ▶     J. Shena, J. Hizanidis, V. Kovanis et al.     Semiconductor laser arrays have been investigated experimentally and theoretically from the viewpoint of temporal and spatial coherence for the past forty years. In this work, we …             Two-dimensional Talbot self-imaging via Electromagnetically induced lattice ▶     Feng Wen, Wei Wang, Irfan Ahmed et al.     We propose a lensless optical method for imaging two-dimensional ultra-cold atoms (or molecules) in which the image can be non-locally observed by coincidence recording of …             Entropy exchange for infinite-dimensional systems ▶     Zhoubo Duan, Jinchuan Hou     In this paper the entropy exchange for channels and states in infinite-dimensional systems are defined and studied. It is shown that, this entropy exchange depends only on the …             Electromagnetic Tunneling and Resonances in Pseudochiral Omega Slabs ▶     Faroq Razzaz, Majeed A. S. Alkanhal     This paper presents theoretical investigation of the electromagnetic wave tunneling and anomalous transmission around the trapped modes in a pseudochiral omega slab. The …             Anodically Grown Titania Nanotube Induced Cytotoxicity has Genotoxic Origins ▶     M. Sheikh Mohamed, Aida Torabi, Maggie Paulose et al.     Nanoarchitectures of titania (TiO2) have been widely investigated for a number of medical applications including implants and drug delivery. Although titania is extensively used …             Bet-hedging in bacteriocin producing Escherichia coli populations: the single cell perspective ▶     Bihter Bayramoglu, David Toubiana, Simon van Vliet et al.     Production of public goods in biological systems is often a collaborative effort that may be detrimental to the producers. It is therefore sustainable only if a small fraction of …             Light-sheet fluorescence imaging to localize cardiac lineage and protein distribution ▶     Yichen Ding, Juhyun Lee, Jianguo Ma et al.     Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) serves to advance developmental research and regenerative medicine. Coupled with the paralleled advances in fluorescence-friendly …             Failure and recovery in dynamical networks ▶     L. Böttcher, M. Luković, J. Nagler et al.     Failure, damage spread and recovery crucially underlie many spatially embedded networked systems ranging from transportation structures to the human body. Here we study the …             Ag/Au/Polypyrrole Core-shell Nanowire Network for Transparent, Stretchable and Flexible Supercapacitor in Wearable Energy Devices ▶     Hyunjin Moon, Habeom Lee, Jinhyeong Kwon et al.     Transparent and stretchable energy storage devices have attracted significant interest due to their potential to be applied to biocompatible and wearable electronics. …             Self-assemble nanoparticles based on polypeptides containing C-terminal luminescent Pt-cysteine complex ▶     E. G. Vlakh, E. V. Grachova, D. D. Zhukovsky et al.     The growing attention to the luminescent nanocarriers is strongly stimulated by their potential application as drug delivery systems and by the necessity to monitor their …             First On-Site True Gamma-Ray Imaging-Spectroscopy of Contamination near Fukushima Plant ▶     Dai Tomono, Tetsuya Mizumoto, Atsushi Takada et al.     We have developed an Electron Tracking Compton Camera (ETCC), which provides a well-defined Point Spread Function (PSF) by reconstructing a direction of each gamma as a point and …             A high performance lithium ion capacitor achieved by the integration of a Sn-C anode and a biomass-derived microporous activated carbon cathode ▶     Fei Sun, Jihui Gao, Yuwen Zhu et al.     Hybridizing battery and capacitor materials to construct lithium ion capacitors (LICs) has been regarded as a promising avenue to bridge the gap between high-energy lithium ion …             Design of Nano Screw Pump for Water Transport and its Mechanisms ▶     LiYa Wang, HengAn Wu, FengChao Wang     Nanopumps conducting fluids through nanochannels have attracted considerable interest for their potential applications in nanofiltration, water desalination and drug delivery. …             Thermal conductance of Nb thin films at sub-kelvin temperatures ▶     A. V. Feshchenko, O.-P. Saira, J. T. Peltonen et al.     We determine the thermal conductance of thin niobium (Nb) wires on a silica substrate in the temperature range of 0.1–0.6 K using electron thermometry based on normal …             Synergistic effect of Indium and Gallium co-doping on growth behavior and physical properties of hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods ▶     Jun Hyung Lim, Seung Muk Lee, Hyun-Suk Kim et al.     We synthesized ZnO nanorods (NRs) using simple hydrothermal method, with the simultaneous incorporation of gallium (Ga) and indium (In), in addition, investigated the co-doping …             Revisiting metallization boundary of warm dense helium in a wide ρ-T regime from ab initio study ▶     Wei Zhang, Zhiguo Li, Zhijian Fu et al.     The knowledge of the metallization of warm dense helium has important implications for understanding the thermal histories, stellar structure and magnetic field environment of …             Sintering-Resistant Nanoparticles in Wide-Mouthed Compartments for Sustained Catalytic Performance ▶     Jia Liu, Qingmin Ji, Tsubasa Imai et al.     Particle sintering is one of the most significant impediments to functional nanoparticles in many valuable applications especially catalysis. Herein, we report that …             Controlling thermal emission of phonon by magnetic metasurfaces ▶     X. Zhang, H. Liu, Z. G. Zhang et al.     Our experiment shows that the thermal emission of phonon can be controlled by magnetic resonance (MR) mode in a metasurface (MTS). Through changing the structural parameter of …             Multicomponent Droplet Evaporation on Chemical Micro-Patterned Surfaces ▶     Minghao He, Dong Liao, Huihe Qiu     The evaporation and dynamics of a multicomponent droplet on a heated chemical patterned surface were presented. Comparing to the evaporation process of a multicomponent droplet …             Memory and betweenness preference in temporal networks induced from time series ▶     Tongfeng Weng, Jie Zhang, Michael Small et al.     We construct temporal networks from time series via unfolding the temporal information into an additional topological dimension of the networks. Thus, we are able to introduce …             A seed-expanding method based on random walks for community detection in networks with ambiguous community structures ▶     Yansen Su, Bangju Wang, Xingyi Zhang     Community detection has received a great deal of attention, since it could help to reveal the useful information hidden in complex networks. Although most previous …             Topological properties of a self-assembled electrical network via ab initio calculation ▶     C. Stephenson, D. Lyon, A. Hübler     Interacting electrical conductors self-assemble to form tree like networks in the presence of applied voltages or currents. Experiments have shown that the degree distribution of …             Evidence of Formation of Superdense Nonmagnetic Cobalt ▶     Nasrin Banu, Surendra Singh, B. Satpati et al.     Because of the presence of 3d transition metals in the Earth’s core, magnetism of these materials in their dense phases has been a topic of great interest. Theory predicts a …             High-performance varistors simply by hot-dipping zinc oxide thin films in Pr6O11: Influence of temperature ▶     Yang Wang, Zhijian Peng, Qi Wang et al.     High-performance ZnO-Pr6O11 thin-film varistors were fabricated simply by hot-dipping oxygen-deficient zinc oxide thin films in Pr6O11 powder. The films had a composition of ZnO…             Effect of Different Titanium Surfaces on Maturation of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells ▶     Xiaofei Zheng, Fengjuan Zhou, Yifei Gu et al.     Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in the host response to implanted biomaterials. Osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implant is an immunological and inflammatory-driven …             Photothermal therapeutic application of gold nanorods-porphyrin-trastuzumab complexes in HER2-positive breast cancer ▶     Xinmei Kang, Ximing Guo, Weiwei An et al.     Gold nanorods are effective photothermal agents in diagnosis and treatment of cancer due to their specific near-infrared laser absorption. However, tumor photothermal therapy by …             Establishment of Imaging Spectroscopy of Nuclear Gamma-Rays based on Geometrical Optics ▶     Toru Tanimori, Yoshitaka Mizumura, Atsushi Takada et al.     Since the discovery of nuclear gamma-rays, its imaging has been limited to pseudo imaging, such as Compton Camera (CC) and coded mask. Pseudo imaging does not keep physical …             Order of magnitude enhancement of monolayer MoS2 photoluminescence due to near-field energy influx from nanocrystal films ▶     Tianle Guo, Siddharth Sampat, Kehao Zhang et al.     Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) like MoS2 are promising candidates for various optoelectronic applications. The typical photoluminescence (PL) of …             Understanding cancer complexome using networks, spectral graph theory and multilayer framework ▶     Aparna Rai, Priodyuti Pradhan, Jyothi Nagraj et al.     Cancer complexome comprises a heterogeneous and multifactorial milieu that varies in cytology, physiology, signaling mechanisms and response to therapy. The combined framework of …             Mapping the distribution of specific antibody interaction forces on individual red blood cells ▶     Natasha Yeow, Rico F. Tabor, Gil Garnier     Current blood typing methods rely on the agglutination of red blood cells (RBCs) to macroscopically indicate a positive result. An indirect agglutination mechanism is required …             Multipath colourimetric assay for copper(II) ions utilizing MarR functionalized gold nanoparticles ▶     Yulong Wang, Limin Wang, Zhenhe Su et al.     We use the multiple antibiotic resistance regulator (MarR), as a highly selective biorecognition elements in a multipath colourimetric sensing strategy for the fast detection of …             Evolutionary clade affects resistance of Clostridium difficile spores to Cold Atmospheric Plasma ▶     Mairéad Connor, Padrig B. Flynn, Derek J. Fairley et al.     Clostridium difficile is a spore forming bacterium and the leading cause of colitis and antibiotic associated diarrhoea in the developed world. Spores produced by C. difficile …             Development of a nanocomposite ultrafiltration membrane based on polyphenylsulfone blended with graphene oxide ▶     Arun Kumar Shukla, Javed Alam, Mansour Alhoshan et al.     In the present study, graphene oxide (GO) was incorporated as a nanoadditive into a polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) to develop a PPSU/GO nanocomposite membrane with enhanced antifouling …             Surface mediated cooperative interactions of drugs enhance mechanical forces for antibiotic action ▶     Joseph W. Ndieyira, Joe Bailey, Samadhan B. Patil et al.     The alarming increase of pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to multiple antibiotics is now recognized as a major health issue fuelling demand for new drugs. Bacterial …             Boreal pollen contain ice-nucleating as well as ice-binding ‘antifreeze’ polysaccharides ▶     Katharina Dreischmeier, Carsten Budke, Lars Wiehemeier et al.     Ice nucleation and growth is an important and widespread environmental process. Accordingly, nature has developed means to either promote or inhibit ice crystal formation, for …             Multi-Shell Nano-CarboScavengers for Petroleum Spill Remediation ▶     Enrique A. Daza, Santosh K. Misra, John Scott et al.     Increasingly frequent petroleum contamination in water bodies continues to threaten our ecosystem, which lacks efficient and safe remediation tactics both on macro and …             An effective and novel pore sealing agent to enhance the corrosion resistance performance of Al coating in artificial ocean water ▶     Han-Seung Lee, Jitendra Kumar Singh, Mohamed A. Ismail     A new technique was accepted to fill the porosity of Al coating applied by arc thermal spray process to enhance corrosion resistance performance in artificial ocean water. The …             Piezoelectric scattering limited mobility of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites CH3NH3PbI3 ▶     Ying-Bo Lu, Xianghua Kong, Xiaobin Chen et al.     Carrier mobility is one of the most important parameters for semiconducting materials and their use in optoelectronic devices. Here we report a systematic first principles …             ISFET pH Sensitivity: Counter-Ions Play a Key Role ▶     Kokab B. Parizi, Xiaoqing Xu, Ashish Pal et al.     The Field Effect sensors are broadly used for detecting various target analytes in chemical and biological solutions. We report the conditions under which the pH sensitivity of …             Ballistic thermal transport in silicon nanowires ▶     Jeremie Maire, Roman Anufriev, Masahiro Nomura     We have experimentally investigated the impact of dimensions and temperature on the thermal conductivity of silicon nanowires fabricated using a top-down approach. Both the width …             The Conductive Silver Nanowires Fabricated by Two-beam Laser Direct Writing on the Flexible Sheet ▶     Gui-Cang He, Mei-Ling Zheng, Xian-Zi Dong et al.     Flexible electrically conductive nanowires are now a key component in the fields of flexible devices. The achievement of metal nanowire with good flexibility, conductivity, …             High Performance MgO-barrier Magnetic Tunnel Junctions for Flexible and Wearable Spintronic Applications ▶     Jun-Yang Chen, Yong-Chang Lau, J. M. D. Coey et al.     The magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) using MgO barrier is one of most important building blocks for spintronic devices and has been widely utilized as miniaturized magentic …             Discovery of a very Lyman-α-luminous quasar at z = 6.62 ▶     Ekaterina Koptelova, Chorng-Yuan Hwang, Po-Chieh Yu et al.     Distant luminous quasars provide important information on the growth of the first supermassive black holes, their host galaxies and the epoch of reionization. The identification …             Occurrence of acrylamide carcinogen in Arabic coffee Qahwa, coffee and tea from Saudi Arabian market ▶     Mohammad Rizwan Khan, Zeid Abdullah Alothman, Mu Naushad et al.     The present work describes the outcomes of the assessment on acrylamide contents in a number of thermally treated foods (Arabic coffee Qahwa, coffee and tea) obtained from the …             Fermi level and bands offsets determination in insulating (Ga,Mn)N/GaN structures ▶     L. Janicki, G. Kunert, M. Sawicki et al.     The Fermi level position in (Ga,Mn)N has been determined from the period-analysis of GaN-related Franz-Keldysh oscillation obtained by contactless electroreflectance in a series …             Facile Synthesis of Nanoporous Pt-Y alloy with Enhanced Electrocatalytic Activity and Durability ▶     Rongjing Cui, Ling Mei, Guangjie Han et al.     Recently, Pt-Y alloy has displayed an excellent electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), and is regarded as a promising cathode catalyst for fuel cells. …             Tunable plasmon lensing in graphene-based structure exhibiting negative refraction ▶     Shifeng Zhong, Yanxin Lu, Chao Li et al.     We propose a novel method to achieve tunable plasmon focusing in graphene/photonic-crystal hybrid structure exhibiting all-angle negative refraction at terahertz frequencies. A …             Thermal conductance of Teflon and Polyethylene: Insight from an atomistic, single-molecule level ▶     Marius Buerkle, Yoshihiro Asai     The thermal transport properties of teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) and its polyethylene counterparts are, while highly desirable and widely used, only superficially understood. …             Magnetic Fano resonances by design in symmetry broken THz meta-foils ▶     Jianfeng Wu, Herbert O. Moser, Rujiang Li et al.     Magnetic Fano resonances in there-dimensional symmetry broken meta-foils at THz frequencies are theoretically and experimentally studied. Sharp Fano resonances occur due to the …             Excitation Dependent Phosphorous Property and New Model of the Structured Green Luminescence in ZnO ▶     Honggang Ye, Zhicheng Su, Fei Tang et al.     The copper induced green luminescence (GL) with two sets of fine structures in ZnO crystal has been found for several decades (i.e., R. Dingle, Phys. Rev. Lett. 23, 579 (1969)), …             Eumelanin broadband absorption develops from aggregation-modulated chromophore interactions under structural and redox control ▶     Raffaella Micillo, Lucia Panzella, Mariagrazia Iacomino et al.     Eumelanins, the chief photoprotective pigments in man and mammals, owe their black color to an unusual broadband absorption spectrum whose origin is still a conundrum. Excitonic …             A novel semiconductor-based, fully incoherent amplified spontaneous emission light source for ghost imaging ▶     Sébastien Hartmann, Wolfgang Elsäßer     Initially, ghost imaging (GI) was demonstrated with entangled light from parametric down conversion. Later, classical light sources were introduced with the development of …             The impact of variable commitment in the Naming Game on consensus formation ▶     Xiang Niu, Casey Doyle, Gyorgy Korniss et al.     The Naming Game has proven to be an important model of opinion dynamics in complex networks. It is significantly enriched by the introduction of nodes committed to a single …             Creation of Pd/Al2O3 Catalyst by a Spray Process for Fixed Bed Reactors and Its Effective Removal of Aqueous Bromate ▶     Yu Gao, Wuzhu Sun, Weiyi Yang et al.     Palladium nanoparticles were grown on sub-millimeter activated Al2O3 particle support by spraying H2PdCl4 solution evenly onto the support, followed with a thermal reduction …             Ultrahigh Charpy impact toughness (~450J) achieved in high strength ferrite/martensite laminated steels ▶     Wenquan Cao, Mingda Zhang, Chongxiang Huang et al.     Strength and toughness are a couple of paradox as similar as strength-ductility trade-off in homogenous materials, body-centered-cubic steels in particular. Here we report a …             Dynamic-Sensitive centrality of nodes in temporal networks ▶     Da-Wen Huang, Zu-Guo Yu     Locating influential nodes in temporal networks has attracted a lot of attention as data driven and diverse applications. Classic works either looked at analysing static networks …             Dynamics on networks: competition of temporal and topological correlations ▶     Oriol Artime, José J. Ramasco, Maxi San Miguel     Links in many real-world networks activate and deactivate in correspondence to the sporadic interactions between the elements of the system. The activation patterns may be …             Cell-free measurements of brightness of fluorescently labeled antibodies ▶     Haiying Zhou, George Tourkakis, Dennis Shi et al.     Validation of imaging contrast agents, such as fluorescently labeled imaging antibodies, has been recognized as a critical challenge in clinical and preclinical studies. As the …             Rapid cell separation with minimal manipulation for autologous cell therapies ▶     Alban J. Smith, Richard D. O’Rorke, Akshay Kale et al.     The ability to isolate specific, viable cell populations from mixed ensembles with minimal manipulation and within intra-operative time would provide significant advantages for …             Size-dependent cellular uptake mechanism and cytotoxicity toward calcium oxalate on Vero cells ▶     Xin-Yuan Sun, Qiong-Zhi Gan, Jian-Ming Ouyang     Urinary crystals with various sizes are present in healthy individuals and patients with kidney stone; however, the cellular uptake mechanism of calcium oxalate of various sizes …             Multimodal optical analysis discriminates freshly extracted human sample of gliomas, metastases and meningiomas from their appropriate controls ▶     Marc Zanello, Fanny Poulon, Johan Pallud et al.     Delineating tumor margins as accurately as possible is of primordial importance in surgical oncology: extent of resection is associated with survival but respect of healthy …             Discovering missing reactions of metabolic networks by using gene co-expression data ▶     Zhaleh Hosseini, Sayed-Amir Marashi     Flux coupling analysis is a computational method which is able to explain co-expression of metabolic genes by analyzing the topological structure of a metabolic network. It has …             The evolution of conditional moral assessment in indirect reciprocity ▶     Tatsuya Sasaki, Isamu Okada, Yutaka Nakai     Indirect reciprocity is a major mechanism in the maintenance of cooperation among unrelated individuals. Indirect reciprocity leads to conditional cooperation according to social …             Photodynamic therapy monitoring with optical coherence angiography ▶     M. A. Sirotkina, L. A. Matveev, M. V. Shirmanova et al.     Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising modern approach for cancer therapy with low normal tissue toxicity. This study was focused on a vascular-targeting Chlorine E6 mediated …             Photoacoustic Sounds from Meteors ▶     Richard Spalding, John Tencer, William Sweatt et al.     Concurrent sound associated with very bright meteors manifests as popping, hissing, and faint rustling sounds occurring simultaneously with the arrival of light from meteors. …             Controlled doping by self-assembled dendrimer-like macromolecules ▶     Haigang Wu, Bin Guan, Yingri Sun et al.     Doping via self-assembled macromolecules might offer a solution for developing single atom electronics by precisely placing individual dopants at arbitrary location to meet the …             Inkjet printed circuits based on ambipolar and p-type carbon nanotube thin-film transistors ▶     Bongjun Kim, Michael L. Geier, Mark C. Hersam et al.     Ambipolar and p-type single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) thin-film transistors (TFTs) are reliably integrated into various complementary-like circuits on the same substrate by …             A VLBI experiment using a remote atomic clock via a coherent fibre link ▶     Cecilia Clivati, Roberto Ambrosini, Thomas Artz et al.     We describe a VLBI experiment in which, for the first time, the clock reference is delivered from a National Metrology Institute to a radio telescope using a coherent fibre link …             Determination of blue-light-induced infrared absorption based on mode-matching efficiency in an optical parametric oscillator ▶     Yajun Wang, Wenhai Yang, Zhixiu Li et al.     Non-classical squeezed states of light at a compatible atomic wavelength have a potential application in quantum information protocols for quantum states delaying or storaging. …             Photon-phonon Interaction in a Microfiber Induced by Optical and Electrostrictive Forces ▶     Yun-chao Shi, Wei Luo, Fei Xu et al.     Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) via electrostrictive force is a fundamental interaction between light and sound which limits the power in conventional optical fibers. The …             Efficient electrochemical remediation of microcystin-LR in tap water using designer TiO2@carbon electrodes ▶     Germán Sanz Lobón, Alfonso Yepez, Luane Ferreira Garcia et al.     Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is the most abundant and toxic secondary metabolite produced by freshwater cyanobacteria. This toxin has a high potential hazard health due …             Real-time micro-scale temperature imaging at low cost based on fluorescent intensity ratio ▶     Jianghao Xiong, Mingshu Zhao, Xiaotian Han et al.     Real-time temperature imaging with high spatial resolution has been a challenging task but also one with wide potential applications. To achieve this task, temperature sensor is …             Programmability of Co-antidot lattices of optimized geometry ▶     Tobias Schneider, Manuel Langer, Julia Alekhina et al.     Programmability of stable magnetization configurations in a magnetic device is a highly desirable feature for a variety of applications, such as in magneto-transport and …             Emergence of Persistent Infection due to Heterogeneity ▶     Vidit Agrawal, Promit Moitra, Sudeshna Sinha     We explore the emergence of persistent infection in a closed region where the disease progression of the individuals is given by the SIRS model, with an individual becoming …             Wafer scale millimeter-wave integrated circuits based on epitaxial graphene in high data rate communication ▶     Omid Habibpour, Zhongxia Simon He, Wlodek Strupinski et al.     In recent years, the demand for high data rate wireless communications has increased dramatically, which requires larger bandwidth to sustain multi-user accessibility and quality …             Exploration quantum steering, nonlocality and entanglement of two-qubit X-state in structured reservoirs ▶     Wen-Yang Sun, Dong Wang, Jia-Dong Shi et al.     In this work, there are two parties, Alice on Earth and Bob on the satellite, which initially share an entangled state, and some open problems, which emerge during quantum …             Hydrogen-enabled microstructure and fatigue strength engineering of titanium alloys ▶     James D. Paramore, Zhigang Zak Fang, Matthew Dunstan et al.     Traditionally, titanium alloys with satisfactory mechanical properties can only be produced via energy-intensive and costly wrought processes, while titanium alloys produced …             How the Relativistic Motion Affect Quantum Fisher Information and Bell Non-locality for Multipartite state ▶     Chun Yu Huang, Wenchao Ma, Dong Wang et al.     In this work, the quantum fisher information (QFI) and Bell non-locality of a multipartite fermionic system are investigated. Unlike the currently existing research of QFI, we …             Enhanced Gas Sensing Properties of Spin-coated Na-doped ZnO Nanostructured Films ▶     Mohamed A. Basyooni, Mohamed Shaban, Adel M. El Sayed     In this report, the structures, morphologies, optical, electrical and gas sensing properties of ZnO and ZnO: Na spin-coated films are studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results …             Modulated scattering technique in the terahertz domain enabled by current actuated vanadium dioxide switches ▶     W. A. Vitale, M. Tamagnone, N. Émond et al.     The modulated scattering technique is based on the use of reconfigurable electromagnetic scatterers, structures able to scatter and modulate an impinging electromagnetic field in …             Unraveling the cytotoxicity and metabolic pathways of binary natural deep eutectic solvent systems ▶     Yves Paul Mbous, Maan Hayyan, Won Fen Wong et al.     In this study, the anticancer potential and cytotoxicity of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) were assessed using HelaS3, PC3, A375, AGS, MCF-7, and WRL-68 hepatic cell …             Topological Characteristics of the Hong Kong Stock Market: A Test-based P-threshold Approach to Understanding Network Complexity ▶     Ronghua Xu, Wing-Keung Wong, Guanrong Chen et al.     In this paper, we analyze the relationship among stock networks by focusing on the statistically reliable connectivity between financial time series, which accurately reflects …             Fractal model and Lattice Boltzmann Method for Characterization of Non-Darcy Flow in Rough Fractures ▶     Yang Ju, Qingang Zhang, Jiangtao Zheng et al.     The irregular morphology of single rock fracture significantly influences subsurface fluid flow and gives rise to a complex and unsteady flow state that typically cannot be …             Thermo-Magneto-Electric Generator Arrays for Active Heat Recovery System ▶     Jinsung Chun, Hyun-Cheol Song, Min-Gyu Kang et al.     Continued emphasis on development of thermal cooling systems is being placed that can cycle low grade heat. Examples include solar powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and …             Intracellular Accumulation of Gold Nanoparticles Leads to Inhibition of Macropinocytosis to Reduce the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ▶     Nuray Gunduz, Hakan Ceylan, Mustafa O. Guler et al.     Understanding the toxicity of nanomaterials remains largely limited to acute cellular response, i.e., short-term in vitro cell-death based assays, and analyses of tissue- and …             Impact of the use of an endorectal coil for 3 T prostate MRI on image quality and cancer detection rate ▶     Josephin Gawlitza, Martin Reiss-Zimmermann, Gregor Thörmer et al.     This work aims to assess the impact of an additional endorectal coil on image quality and cancer detection rate within the same patients. At a single academic medical center, …             Automatic Marker-free Longitudinal Infrared Image Registration by Shape Context Based Matching and Competitive Winner-guided Optimal Corresponding ▶     Chia-Yen Lee, Hao-Jen Wang, Jhih-Hao Lai et al.     Long-term comparisons of infrared image can facilitate the assessment of breast cancer tissue growth and early tumor detection, in which longitudinal infrared image registration …             Fast Bayesian inference of optical trap stiffness and particle diffusion ▶     Sudipta Bera, Shuvojit Paul, Rajesh Singh et al.     Bayesian inference provides a principled way of estimating the parameters of a stochastic process that is observed discretely in time. The overdamped Brownian motion of a …             A portable luminescent thermometer based on green up-conversion emission of Er3+/Yb3+ co-doped tellurite glass ▶     Danilo Manzani, João Flávio da Silveira Petruci, Karina Nigoghossian et al.     The determination of temperature is essential in many applications in the biomedical, technological, and industrial fields. Optical thermometry appears to be an excellent …             Investigation on LiBH4-CaH2 composite and its potential for thermal energy storage ▶     Yang Li, Ping Li, Xuanhui Qu     The LiBH4/CaH2 composite are firstly studied as Concentrating Solar Power Thermal Storage Material. The LiBH4/CaH2 composite according to the stoichiometric ratio are synthesized …             All-dielectric metasurface circular dichroism waveplate ▶     Jingpei Hu, Xiaonan Zhao, Yu Lin et al.     We propose and experimentally demonstrate a high efficient circularly polarizing dichroism waveplate (CPDW) using a Si-based all-dielectric 2Dchiral metasurface. We demonstrate …             Erratum: Hearing the Shape of the Ising Model with a Programmable Superconducting-Flux Annealer ▶     Walter Vinci, Klas Markström, Sergio Boixo et al.                 Mulifunctional Dendritic Emitter: Aggregation-Induced Emission Enhanced, Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Material for Solution-Processed Multilayered Organic Light-Emitting Diodes ▶     Kenichi Matsuoka, Ken Albrecht, Kimihisa Yamamoto et al.     Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials emerged as promising light sources in third generation organic light-emitting diodes (OLED). Much effort has been …             Beyond Slurry-Cast Supercapacitor Electrodes: PAN/MWNT Heteromat-Mediated Ultrahigh Capacitance Electrode Sheets ▶     Jung Han Lee, Jeong A Kim, Ju-Myung Kim et al.     Supercapacitors (SCs) have garnered considerable attention as an appealing power source for forthcoming smart energy era. An ultimate challenge facing the SCs is the acquisition …             Deliberate Switching of Single Photochromic Triads ▶     Johannes Maier, Martti Pärs, Tina Weller et al.     Photochromic molecules can be reversibly converted between two bistable conformations by light, and are considered as promising building blocks in novel macromolecular structures …             Large variation of magnetic properties of amorphous Fe–Zr thin films with Ar pressure during sputtering ▶     Miri Kim, Nark-Eon Sung, Sang Ho Lim     A large change is observed in the magnetic properties of amorphous Fe–Zr thin films sputtered at different Ar pressures. The change depends on the composition of the alloys and …             Ciphertext-only attack on optical cryptosystem with spatially incoherent illumination: from the view of imaging through scattering medium ▶     Meihua Liao, Wenqi He, Dajiang Lu et al.     Security analysis is important and necessary for a new cryptosystem. In this paper, we evaluate the security risk of the optical cryptosystem with spatially incoherent …             Photodetector based on Vernier-Enhanced Fabry-Perot Interferometers with a Photo-Thermal Coating ▶     George Y. Chen, Xuan Wu, Xiaokong Liu et al.     We present a new type of fiber-coupled photodetector with a thermal-based optical sensor head, which enables it to operate even in the presence of strong electro-magnetic …             Controllable Nanotribological Properties of Graphene Nanosheets ▶     Xingzhong Zeng, Yitian Peng, Haojie Lang et al.     Graphene as one type of well-known solid lubricants possesses different nanotribological properties, due to the varied surface and structural characteristics caused by different …             Polystyrene-based Hollow Microsphere Synthesized by γ-ray Irradiation-assisted Polymerization and Self-Assembly and Its Application in Detection of Ionizing Radiation ▶     Wenhui Fan, Qing Li, Liang Hu et al.     To simply and multitudinously synthesize hollow microspheres in a pure system is important for relevant research and application. Here, a simple and novel one-pot synthetic …             Electrostatic-free piezoresponse force microscopy ▶     Sungho Kim, Daehee Seol, Xiaoli Lu et al.     Contact and non-contact based atomic force microscopy (AFM) approaches have been extensively utilized to explore various nanoscale surface properties. In most AFM-based …             Spin Seebeck effect and thermoelectric phenomena in superconducting hybrids with magnetic textures or spin-orbit coupling ▶     Marianne Etzelmüller Bathen, Jacob Linder     We theoretically consider the spin Seebeck effect, the charge Seebeck coefficient, and the thermoelectric figure of merit in superconducting hybrid structures including either …             Macroscopic liquid-state molecular hydrodynamics ▶     R. G. Keanini, Peter T. Tkacik, Eric Fleischhauer et al.     Experimental evidence and theoretical modeling suggest that piles of confined, high-restitution grains, subject to low-amplitude vibration, can serve as experimentally-accessible …             Genetic algorithm for the optimization of features and neural networks in ECG signals classification ▶     Hongqiang Li, Danyang Yuan, Xiangdong Ma et al.     Feature extraction and classification of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are necessary for the automatic diagnosis of cardiac diseases. In this study, a novel method based on …             Global solar wind variations over the last four centuries ▶     M. J. Owens, M. Lockwood, P. Riley     The most recent “grand minimum” of solar activity, the Maunder minimum (MM, 1650–1710), is of great interest both for understanding the solar dynamo and providing insight into …             Single α-particle irradiation permits real-time visualization of RNF8 accumulation at DNA damaged sites ▶     Giovanna Muggiolu, Michal Pomorski, Gérard Claverie et al.     As well as being a significant source of environmental radiation exposure, α-particles are increasingly considered for use in targeted radiation therapy. A better understanding …             Elevated-temperature-induced acceleration of PACT clearing process of mouse brain tissue ▶     Tingting Yu, Yisong Qi, Jingtan Zhu et al.     Tissue optical clearing technique shows a great potential for neural imaging with high resolution, especially for connectomics in brain. The passive clarity technique (PACT) is a …             Hybrid Photonic Cavity with Metal-Organic Framework Coatings for the Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds with High Immunity to Humidity ▶     Jifang Tao, Xuerui Wang, Tao Sun et al.     Detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at parts-per-billion (ppb) level is one of the most challenging tasks for miniature gas sensors because of the high requirement on …             The β and γ subunits play distinct functional roles in the α2βγ heterotetramer of human NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase ▶     Tengfei Ma, Yingjie Peng, Wei Huang et al.     Human NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase existing as the α2βγ heterotetramer, catalyzes the decarboxylation of isocitrate into α-ketoglutarate in the Krebs cycle, and is …             Comparative analysis of image classification methods for automatic diagnosis of ophthalmic images ▶     Liming Wang, Kai Zhang, Xiyang Liu et al.     There are many image classification methods, but it remains unclear which methods are most helpful for analyzing and intelligently identifying ophthalmic images. We select …             Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy enables multiscale spatial visualization of ions involved in fungal lignocellulose deconstruction ▶     Grant Kirker, Sam Zelinka, Sophie-Charlotte Gleber et al.     The role of ions in the fungal decay process of lignocellulose biomaterials, and more broadly fungal metabolism, has implications for diverse research disciplines ranging from …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Effects of hydrological regime on development of Carex wet meadows in East Dongting Lake, a Ramsar Wetland for wintering waterbirds ▶     Lei Jing, Cai Lu, Yan Xia et al.     Wet meadows are one of the most important ecological components in floodplain, and are among the most dynamic ecosystems. Understanding the development of wet meadows and …             Sediment biomarker, bacterial community characterization of high arsenic aquifers in Jianghan Plain, China ▶     Hengpeng Ye, Zeyu Yang, Xiang Wu et al.     Representative biomarkers (e.g., n-alkanes), diversity and microbial community in the aquifers contaminated by high concentration of arsenic (As) in different sediment depth …             Corrigendum: Fishing-induced life-history changes degrade and destabilize harvested ecosystems ▶     Anna Kuparinen, Alice Boit, Fernanda S. Valdovinos et al.                 Future forest aboveground carbon dynamics in the central United States: the importance of forest demographic processes ▶     Wenchi Jin, Hong S. He, Frank R. Thompson III et al.     The Central Hardwood Forest (CHF) in the United States is currently a major carbon sink, there are uncertainties in how long the current carbon sink will persist and if the CHF …             Implementation of a method to visualize noise-induced hearing loss in mass stranded cetaceans ▶     Maria Morell, Andrew Brownlow, Barry McGovern et al.     Assessment of the impact of noise over-exposure in stranded cetaceans is challenging, as the lesions that lead to hearing loss occur at the cellular level and inner ear cells are …             Spectrally monitoring the response of the biocrust moss Syntrichia caninervis to altered precipitation regimes ▶     Kristina E. Young, Sasha C. Reed     Climate change is expected to impact drylands worldwide by increasing temperatures and changing precipitation patterns. These effects have known feedbacks to the functional roles …             Microbial nitrification, denitrification and respiration in the leached cinnamon soil of the upper basin of Miyun Reservoir ▶     Wen Xu, Yan-Peng Cai, Zhi-Feng Yang et al.     Leached cinnamon soil is the main agricultural soil distributed in the North China Plain. In this research, leached cinnamon soil samples were collected in the upper basin of …             The reduction in the biomass of cyanobacterial N2 fixer and the biological pump in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean ▶     Dongseon Kim, Jin-Hyun Jeong, Tae-Wook Kim et al.     The comparison of sediment trap data with physical and biogeochemical variables in the surface water column of the Tropical Northwestern Pacific Ocean (TNWPO) indicated that the …             Cover crops support ecological intensification of arable cropping systems ▶     Raphaël A. Wittwer, Brigitte Dorn, Werner Jossi et al.     A major challenge for agriculture is to enhance productivity with minimum impact on the environment. Several studies indicate that cover crops could replace anthropogenic inputs …             Designing a new cropping system for high productivity and sustainable water usage under climate change ▶     Qingfeng Meng, Hongfei Wang, Peng Yan et al.     The food supply is being increasingly challenged by climate change and water scarcity. However, incremental changes in traditional cropping systems have achieved only limited …             Development of a nanocomposite ultrafiltration membrane based on polyphenylsulfone blended with graphene oxide ▶     Arun Kumar Shukla, Javed Alam, Mansour Alhoshan et al.     In the present study, graphene oxide (GO) was incorporated as a nanoadditive into a polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) to develop a PPSU/GO nanocomposite membrane with enhanced antifouling …             Multipath colourimetric assay for copper(II) ions utilizing MarR functionalized gold nanoparticles ▶     Yulong Wang, Limin Wang, Zhenhe Su et al.     We use the multiple antibiotic resistance regulator (MarR), as a highly selective biorecognition elements in a multipath colourimetric sensing strategy for the fast detection of …             Toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles to grass litter decomposition in a sandy soil ▶     Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid, Tanvir Shahzad, Muhammad Shahid et al.     We examined time-dependent effect of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) at a rate of 2000 mg kg−1 soil on Cynodon dactylon litter (3 g kg−1) decomposition in an arid sandy soil. …             First On-Site True Gamma-Ray Imaging-Spectroscopy of Contamination near Fukushima Plant ▶     Dai Tomono, Tetsuya Mizumoto, Atsushi Takada et al.     We have developed an Electron Tracking Compton Camera (ETCC), which provides a well-defined Point Spread Function (PSF) by reconstructing a direction of each gamma as a point and …             Boreal pollen contain ice-nucleating as well as ice-binding ‘antifreeze’ polysaccharides ▶     Katharina Dreischmeier, Carsten Budke, Lars Wiehemeier et al.     Ice nucleation and growth is an important and widespread environmental process. Accordingly, nature has developed means to either promote or inhibit ice crystal formation, for …             An effective and novel pore sealing agent to enhance the corrosion resistance performance of Al coating in artificial ocean water ▶     Han-Seung Lee, Jitendra Kumar Singh, Mohamed A. Ismail     A new technique was accepted to fill the porosity of Al coating applied by arc thermal spray process to enhance corrosion resistance performance in artificial ocean water. The …             Multi-Shell Nano-CarboScavengers for Petroleum Spill Remediation ▶     Enrique A. Daza, Santosh K. Misra, John Scott et al.     Increasingly frequent petroleum contamination in water bodies continues to threaten our ecosystem, which lacks efficient and safe remediation tactics both on macro and …             Legacy of contaminant N sources to the NO3− signature in rivers: a combined isotopic (δ15N-NO3−, δ18O-NO3−, δ11B) and microbiological investigation ▶     Cyrielle Briand, Mathieu Sebilo, Pascale Louvat et al.     Nitrate content of surface waters results from complex mixing of multiple sources, whose signatures can be modified through N reactions occurring within the different …             Saturday Driving Restrictions Fail to Improve Air Quality in Mexico City ▶     Lucas W. Davis     Policymakers around the world are turning to license-plate based driving restrictions in an effort to address urban air pollution. The format differs across cities, but most …             First real-time observation of transverse division in azooxanthellate scleractinian corals ▶     Yuki Tokuda, Hiroko Haraguchi, Yoichi Ezaki     Asexual reproduction is one of the most important traits in the evolutionary history of corals. No real-time observations of asexual reproduction in azooxanthellate solitary …             Assessing Current and Future Freshwater Flood Risk from North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones via Insurance Claims ▶     Jeffrey Czajkowski, Gabriele Villarini, Marilyn Montgomery et al.     The most recent decades have witnessed record breaking losses associated with U.S. landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs). Flood-related damages represent a large portion of these …             Fewer clouds in the Mediterranean: consistency of observations and climate simulations ▶     Arturo Sanchez-Lorenzo, Aaron Enriquez-Alonso, Josep Calbó et al.     Clouds play a major role in the climate system, but large uncertainties remain about their decadal variations. Here we report a widespread decrease in cloud cover since the …             Foliar fungi of Betula pendula: impact of tree species mixtures and assessment methods ▶     Diem Nguyen, Johanna Boberg, Michelle Cleary et al.     Foliar fungi of silver birch (Betula pendula) in an experimental Finnish forest were investigated across a gradient of tree species richness using molecular high-throughput …             The evolution of conditional moral assessment in indirect reciprocity ▶     Tatsuya Sasaki, Isamu Okada, Yutaka Nakai     Indirect reciprocity is a major mechanism in the maintenance of cooperation among unrelated individuals. Indirect reciprocity leads to conditional cooperation according to social …             Allometric scaling of decompression sickness risk in terrestrial mammals; cardiac output explains risk of decompression sickness ▶     Andreas Fahlman     A probabilistic model was used to predict decompression sickness (DCS) outcome in pig (70 and 20 kg), hamster (100 g), rat (220 g) and mouse (20 g) following air saturation …             Genome-wide DNA methylation reprogramming in response to inorganic arsenic links inhibition of CTCF binding, DNMT expression and cellular transformation ▶     Matthew Rea, Meredith Eckstein, Rebekah Eleazer et al.     Chronic low dose inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure leads to changes in gene expression and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transformation. During this transformation, cells adopt a …             New evidence of Yangtze delta recession after closing of the Three Gorges Dam ▶     X. X. Luo, S. L. Yang, R. S. Wang et al.     Many deltas are likely undergoing net erosion because of rapid decreases in riverine sediment supply and rising global sea levels. However, detecting erosion in subaqueous deltas …             Interactive effects of MnO2, organic matter and pH on abiotic formation of N2O from hydroxylamine in artificial soil mixtures ▶     Shurong Liu, Anne E. Berns, Harry Vereecken et al.     Abiotic conversion of the reactive nitrification intermediate hydroxylamine (NH2OH) to nitrous oxide (N2O) is a possible mechanism of N2O formation during nitrification. Previous …             Dominant role of plant physiology in trend and variability of gross primary productivity in North America ▶     Sha Zhou, Yao Zhang, Philippe Ciais et al.     Annual gross primary productivity (GPP) varies considerably due to climate-induced changes in plant phenology and physiology. However, the relative importance of plant phenology …             Thermo-Magneto-Electric Generator Arrays for Active Heat Recovery System ▶     Jinsung Chun, Hyun-Cheol Song, Min-Gyu Kang et al.     Continued emphasis on development of thermal cooling systems is being placed that can cycle low grade heat. Examples include solar powered unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and …             Eddy covariance and biometric measurements show that a savanna ecosystem in Southwest China is a carbon sink ▶     Xuehai Fei, Yanqiang Jin, Yiping Zhang et al.     Savanna ecosystems play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle. However, there is a gap in our understanding of carbon fluxes in the savanna ecosystems of Southeast Asia. In …             Sublethal pesticide doses negatively affect survival and the cellular responses in American foulbrood-infected honeybee larvae ▶     Javier Hernández López, Sophie Krainer, Antonia Engert et al.     Disclosing interactions between pesticides and bee infections is of most interest to understand challenges that pollinators are facing and to which extent bee health is …             Fractal model and Lattice Boltzmann Method for Characterization of Non-Darcy Flow in Rough Fractures ▶     Yang Ju, Qingang Zhang, Jiangtao Zheng et al.     The irregular morphology of single rock fracture significantly influences subsurface fluid flow and gives rise to a complex and unsteady flow state that typically cannot be …             Effects of ocean acidification on the potency of macroalgal allelopathy to a common coral ▶     Carlos Del Monaco, Mark E. Hay, Patrick Gartrell et al.     Many coral reefs have phase shifted from coral to macroalgal dominance. Ocean acidification (OA) due to elevated CO2 is hypothesised to advantage macroalgae over corals, …             Seagrass ecophysiological performance under ocean warming and acidification ▶     Tiago Repolho, Bernardo Duarte, Gisela Dionísio et al.     Seagrasses play an essential ecological role within coastal habitats and their worldwide population decline has been linked to different types of anthropogenic forces. We …             Glacier advance during Marine Isotope Stage 11 in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica ▶     Kate M. Swanger, Jennifer L. Lamp, Gisela Winckler et al.     We mapped six distinct glacial moraines alongside Stocking Glacier in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. Stocking Glacier is one of several alpine glaciers in the Dry Valleys …             Global solar wind variations over the last four centuries ▶     M. J. Owens, M. Lockwood, P. Riley     The most recent “grand minimum” of solar activity, the Maunder minimum (MM, 1650–1710), is of great interest both for understanding the solar dynamo and providing insight into …             Ice-core evidence of earliest extensive copper metallurgy in the Andes 2700 years ago ▶     A. Eichler, G. Gramlich, T. Kellerhals et al.     The importance of metallurgy for social and economic development is indisputable. Although copper (Cu) was essential for the wealth of pre- and post-colonial societies in the …             Midcontinental Native American population dynamics and late Holocene hydroclimate extremes ▶     Broxton W. Bird, Jeremy J. Wilson, William P. Gilhooly III et al.     Climate’s influence on late Pre-Columbian (pre-1492 CE), maize-dependent Native American populations in the midcontinental United States (US) is poorly understood as regional …             Hybrid Photonic Cavity with Metal-Organic Framework Coatings for the Ultra-Sensitive Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds with High Immunity to Humidity ▶     Jifang Tao, Xuerui Wang, Tao Sun et al.     Detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at parts-per-billion (ppb) level is one of the most challenging tasks for miniature gas sensors because of the high requirement on …             A Novel Cardiotoxic Mechanism for a Pervasive Global Pollutant ▶     Fabien Brette, Holly A. Shiels, Gina L. J. Galli et al.     The Deepwater Horizon disaster drew global attention to the toxicity of crude oil and the potential for adverse health effects amongst marine life and spill responders in the …             Synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence microscopy enables multiscale spatial visualization of ions involved in fungal lignocellulose deconstruction ▶     Grant Kirker, Sam Zelinka, Sophie-Charlotte Gleber et al.     The role of ions in the fungal decay process of lignocellulose biomaterials, and more broadly fungal metabolism, has implications for diverse research disciplines ranging from …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Role of E-type prostaglandin receptor EP3 in the vasoconstrictor activity evoked by prostacyclin in thromboxane-prostanoid receptor deficient mice ▶     Zhenhua Li, Yingzhan Zhang, Bin Liu et al.     Prostacyclin, also termed as prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), evokes contraction in vessels with limited expression of the prostacyclin receptor. Although the thromboxane-prostanoid …             Agreement of patient-measured intraocular pressure using rebound tonometry with Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) in glaucoma patients ▶     Shaoying Tan, Marco Yu, Nafees Baig et al.     This study aims to determine the agreement of patient-measured intraocular pressure (IOP) using rebound tonometry with ophthalmologist-measured IOP using Goldmann applanation …             Apical dendrite degeneration, a novel cellular pathology for Betz cells in ALS ▶     Barış Genç, Javier H. Jara, Amiko K. B. Lagrimas et al.     Apical dendrites of Betz cells are important sites for the integration of cortical input, however their health has not been fully assessed in ALS patients. We investigated the …             Wnt7a Inhibits IL-1β Induced Catabolic Gene Expression and Prevents Articular Cartilage Damage in Experimental Osteoarthritis ▶     Averi L. Gibson, Carrie K. Hui Mingalone, Andrea T. Foote et al.     Wnt7a is a protein that plays a critical role in skeletal development. However, its effect on cartilage homeostasis under pathological conditions is not known. In this study, we …             Risk profile and HIV testing outcomes of women undergoing community-based testing in San Diego 2008–2014 ▶     Susannah K. Graves, Susan J. Little, Martin Hoenigl     Women comprised 19% of new HIV diagnoses in the United States in 2014, with significant racial and ethnic disparities in infection rates. This cross-sectional analysis of women …             Proteome and Acetylome Analysis Identifies Novel Pathways and Targets Regulated by Perifosine in Neuroblastoma ▶     Xiao Gu, Zhongyan Hua, Yudi Dong et al.     Perifosine, an Akt inhibitor, has been shown to be effective in controlling neuroblastoma tumor growth. However, studies indicate that in addition to the ability to inhibit Akt, …             Personality and Augmenting/Reducing (A/R) in auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) during emotional visual stimulation ▶     Vilfredo De Pascalis, Francesca Fracasso, Philip J. Corr     An auditory augmenting/reducing ERP paradigm recorded for 5 intensity tones with emotional visual stimulation was used, for the first time, to test predictions derived from the …             Novel Protective Role of Myeloid Differentiation 1 in Pathological Cardiac Remodelling ▶     Xiaojv Xiong, Yu Liu, Yang Mei et al.     Myeloid differentiation 1 (MD-1), a secreted protein interacting with radioprotective 105 (RP105), plays an important role in Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signalling pathway. …             Therapeutic effects of Euphorbia Pekinensis and Glycyrrhiza glabra on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Ascites Partially Via Regulating the Frk-Arhgdib-Inpp5d-Avpr2-Aqp4 Signal Axis ▶     Yanqiong Zhang, Chen Yan, Yuting Li et al.     To clarify unknown rationalities of herbaceous compatibility of Euphorbia Pekinensis (DJ) and Glycyrrhiza glabra (GC) acting on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ascites, peritoneum …             Alcohol and nicotine codependence-associated DNA methylation changes in promoter regions of addiction-related genes ▶     Hongqin Xu, Fan Wang, Henry R. Kranzler et al.     Altered DNA methylation in addiction-related genes may modify the susceptibility to alcohol or drug dependence (AD or ND). We profiled peripheral blood DNA methylation levels of …             The Demographic Features, Clinicopathological Characteristics and Cancer-specific Outcomes for Patients with Microinvasive Breast Cancer: A SEER Database Analysis ▶     Wenna Wang, Wenjie Zhu, Feng Du et al.     To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and survival outcomes of microinvasive breast cancer, we conducted an observational study of female diagnosed with DCIS or …             Coptisine from Rhizoma Coptidis Suppresses HCT-116 Cells-related Tumor Growth in vitro and in vivo ▶     Tao Huang, Yubo Xiao, Lin Yi et al.     Colorectal cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related death in humans. Coptisine (COP) is a natural alkaloid from Coptidis Rhizoma with unclear antitumor …             Characteristics, chemical compositions and biological activities of propolis from Al-Bahah, Saudi Arabia ▶     Yasser A. Elnakady, Ahmed I. Rushdi, Raimo Franke et al.     Propolis has been used to treat several diseases since ancient times, and is an important source of bioactive natural compounds and drug derivatives. These properties have kept …             Heavy Chain-Hyaluronan/Pentraxin 3 from Amniotic Membrane Suppresses Inflammation and Scarring in Murine Lacrimal Gland and Conjunctiva of Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease ▶     Yoko Ogawa, Hua He, Shin Mukai et al.     Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Dry eye disease is the prominent ocular sequel of cGVHD and is …             β1- and β2-adrenergic stimulation-induced electrogenic transport by human endolymphatic sac epithelium and its clinical implications ▶     Bo Gyung Kim, Jin Young Kim, JinSei Jung et al.     The endolymphatic sac (ES) is a cystic structure of the inner ear connected to the cochlea and vestibule, which plays a role in regulating ion homeostasis in inner ear fluid. …             Serum bilirubin levels and risk of type 2 diabetes: results from two independent cohorts in middle-aged and elderly Chinese ▶     Jing Wang, Yaru Li, Xu Han et al.     Serum bilirubin is a potent endogenous antioxidant and has been identified as cardiovascular risk in cohort studies, while the relation to type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly …             Acellular Urethra Bioscaffold: Decellularization of Whole Urethras for Tissue Engineering Applications ▶     Irina N. Simões, Paulo Vale, Shay Soker et al.     Patients with stress urinary incontinence mainly suffer from malfunction of the urethra closure mechanism. We established the decellularization of porcine urethras to produce …             Restenosis Inhibition and Re-differentiation of TGFβ/Smad3-activated Smooth Muscle Cells by Resveratrol ▶     Yichen Zhu, Toshio Takayama, Bowen Wang et al.     To date, there is no periadventitial drug delivery method available in the clinic to prevent restenotic failure of open vascular reconstructions. Resveratrol is a promising …             Micheliolide provides protection of mice against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA infection by down-regulating inflammatory response ▶     Xinru Jiang, Yuli Wang, Yifei Qin et al.     A major obstacle to therapy in intensive care units is sepsis caused by severe infection. In recent years gram-positive (G+) bacteria, most commonly staphylococci, are thought to …             A novel indication of platonin, a therapeutic immunomodulating medicine, on neuroprotection against ischemic stroke in mice ▶     Joen-Rong Sheu, Zhih-Cherng Chen, Thanasekaran Jayakumar et al.     Thrombosis and stroke are major causes of disability and death worldwide. However, the regular antithrombotic drugs may have unsatisfactory results and side effects. Platonin, a …             Alteration of Multiple Leukocyte Gene Expression Networks is Linked with Magnetic Resonance Markers of Prognosis After Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction ▶     A. Teren, H. Kirsten, F. Beutner et al.     Prognostic relevant pathways of leukocyte involvement in human myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury are largely unknown. We enrolled 136 patients with ST-elevation myocardial …             Kynurenine pathway metabolomics predicts and provides mechanistic insight into multiple sclerosis progression ▶     Chai K. Lim, Ayse Bilgin, David B. Lovejoy et al.     Activation of the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan metabolism results from chronic inflammation and is known to exacerbate progression of neurodegenerative disease. To gain …             Physical activity is low in obese New Zealand children and adolescents ▶     Yvonne C. Anderson, Lisa E. Wynter, Cameron C. Grant et al.     We aimed to describe physical activity and sedentary behaviour of obese children and adolescents in Taranaki, New Zealand, and to determine how these differ in Māori (indigenous) …             Unravelling the genetic basis of simplex Retinitis Pigmentosa cases ▶     Nereida Bravo-Gil, María González-del Pozo, Marta Martín-Sánchez et al.     Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is the most common form of inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) characterized ultimately by photoreceptors degeneration. Exhibiting great clinical and …             Association of VAV2 and VAV3 polymorphisms with cardiovascular risk factors ▶     Nuria Perretta-Tejedor, Javier Fernández-Mateos, Luis García-Ortiz et al.     Hypertension, diabetes and obesity are cardiovascular risk factors closely associated to the development of renal and cardiovascular target organ damage. VAV2 and VAV3, members …             Platelets protect lung from injury induced by systemic inflammatory response ▶     Shuhua Luo, Yabo Wang, Qi An et al.     Systemic inflammatory responses can severely injure lungs, prompting efforts to explore how to attenuate such injury. Here we explored whether platelets can help attenuate lung …             Photothermal therapeutic application of gold nanorods-porphyrin-trastuzumab complexes in HER2-positive breast cancer ▶     Xinmei Kang, Ximing Guo, Weiwei An et al.     Gold nanorods are effective photothermal agents in diagnosis and treatment of cancer due to their specific near-infrared laser absorption. However, tumor photothermal therapy by …             Possible Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Enhanced Liver Injury and Fibrogenesis during Cholestasis in Cytoglobin-deficient Mice ▶     Tuong Thi Van Thuy, Le Thi Thanh Thuy, Katsutoshi Yoshizato et al.     This study clarified the role of Cygb, the fourth globin in mammals originally discovered in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), in cholestatic liver disease. Bile duct ligation …             Preoperative adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization cannot improve the long term outcome of radical therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Lei Jianyong, Zhong Jinjing, Yan Lunan et al.     Combinations of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radical therapies (pretransplantation, resection and radiofrequency ablation) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have …             Longitudinal in vivo bioimaging of hepatocyte transcription factor activity following cholestatic liver injury in mice ▶     Juliette M. K. M. Delhove, Suzanne M. K. Buckley, Dany P. Perocheau et al.     Molecular mechanisms regulating liver repair following cholestatic injury remain largely unknown. We have combined a mouse model of acute cholestatic liver injury, partial bile …             Hepatocyte growth factor secreted by bone marrow stem cell reduce ER stress and improves repair in alveolar epithelial II cells ▶     Izabela Nita, Katrin Hostettler, Luca Tamo et al.     Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive, irreversible lung disease with complex pathophysiology. Evidence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been reported in …             Aberrant Neuronal Dynamics during Working Memory Operations in the Aging HIV-Infected Brain ▶     Tony W. Wilson, Amy L. Proskovec, Elizabeth Heinrichs-Graham et al.     Impairments in working memory are among the most prevalent features of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), yet their origins are unknown, with some studies arguing …             Subregional structural and connectivity damage in the visual cortex in neuromyelitis optica ▶     Huanhuan Cai, Jiajia Zhu, Ningnannan Zhang et al.     Patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO) have shown structural and functional impairments in the visual cortex. We aimed to characterize subregional grey matter volume (GMV) and …             Faithful SGCE imprinting in iPSC-derived cortical neurons: an endogenous cellular model of myoclonus-dystonia ▶     Karen Grütz, Philip Seibler, Anne Weissbach et al.     In neuropathology research, induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons are considered a tool closely resembling the patient brain. Albeit in respect to epigenetics, …             New perspectives on corpora amylacea in the human brain ▶     Elisabet Augé, Itsaso Cabezón, Carme Pelegrí et al.     Corpora amylacea are structures of unknown origin and function that appear with age in human brains and are profuse in selected brain areas in several neurodegenerative …             The citrus flavanone naringenin impairs dengue virus replication in human cells ▶     Sandra Frabasile, Andrea Cristine Koishi, Diogo Kuczera et al.     Dengue is one of the most significant health problems in tropical and sub-tropical regions throughout the world. Nearly 390 million cases are reported each year. Although a …             Mechanisms underlying the cardiac antifibrotic effects of losartan metabolites ▶     José Luis Miguel-Carrasco, Javier Beaumont, Gorka San José et al.     Excessive myocardial collagen deposition and cross-linking (CCL), a process regulated by lysyl oxidase (LOX), determines left ventricular (LV) stiffness and dysfunction. The …             A critical role for p38MAPK signalling pathway during reprogramming of human fibroblasts to iPSCs ▶     Irina Neganova, Valeria Chichagova, Lyle Armstrong et al.     Reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds enormous promise for regenerative medicine. Reprogramming is a stepwise process with well-defined …             Subjective craving and event-related brain response to olfactory and visual chocolate cues in binge-eating and healthy individuals ▶     I. Wolz, A. Sauvaget, R. Granero et al.     High-sugar/high-fat foods are related to binge-eating behaviour and especially people with low inhibitory control may encounter elevated difficulties to resist their intake. …             Toxic metabolites, MAPK and Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathways involved in oxidative toxicity in mice liver after chronic exposure to Mequindox ▶     Qianying Liu, Zhixin Lei, Anxiong Huang et al.     Mequindox (MEQ) is a synthetic antimicrobial agent of quinoxaline-1,4-dioxide group (QdNOs). The liver is regarded as the toxicity target of QdNOs, and the role of N → O …             Early exposure to thirdhand cigarette smoke affects body mass and the development of immunity in mice ▶     Bo Hang, Antoine M. Snijders, Yurong Huang et al.     Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the fraction of cigarette smoke that persists in indoor environments after smoking. We investigated the effects of neonatal and adult THS exposure on …             Fingolimod alters the transcriptome profile of circulating CD4+ cells in multiple sclerosis ▶     Jörg Friess, Michael Hecker, Luisa Roch et al.     Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system. T cells are known to contribute to this immune-mediated condition. Fingolimod modulates …             Understanding cancer complexome using networks, spectral graph theory and multilayer framework ▶     Aparna Rai, Priodyuti Pradhan, Jyothi Nagraj et al.     Cancer complexome comprises a heterogeneous and multifactorial milieu that varies in cytology, physiology, signaling mechanisms and response to therapy. The combined framework of …             Repurposing doxycycline for synucleinopathies: remodelling of α-synuclein oligomers towards non-toxic parallel beta-sheet structured species ▶     Florencia González-Lizárraga, Sergio B. Socías, César L. Ávila et al.     Synucleinophaties are progressive neurodegenerative disorders with no cure to date. An attractive strategy to tackle this problem is repurposing already tested safe drugs against …             IL1B-CGTC haplotype is associated with colorectal cancer in admixed individuals with increased African ancestry ▶     María Carolina Sanabria-Salas, Gustavo Hernández-Suárez, Adriana Umaña-Pérez et al.     Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes can affect gene expression and thereby modulate inflammation and carcinogenesis. However, the data on the association …             Retinopathy Signs Improved Prediction and Reclassification of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Diabetes: A prospective cohort study ▶     Henrietta Ho, Carol Y. Cheung, Charumathi Sabanayagam et al.     CVD risk prediction in diabetics is imperfect, as risk models are derived mainly from the general population. We investigate whether the addition of retinopathy and retinal …             Association of Genomic Instability with HbA1c levels and Medication in Diabetic Patients ▶     Annemarie Grindel, Helmut Brath, Armen Nersesyan et al.     Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2) is associated with increased cancer risk. Instability of the genetic material plays a key role in the aetiology of human cancer. This study aimed …             Levofloxacin loaded mesoporous silica microspheres/nano-hydroxyapatite/polyurethane composite scaffold for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis with bone defects ▶     Qi Wang, Cheng Chen, Wen Liu et al.     Chronic osteomyelitis is a prolonged persistent disease accompanied by bone destruction and sequestrum formation, it is very difficult to treat. Antibiotic loaded polymethyl …             Tubular B7-1 expression parallels proteinuria levels, but not clinical outcomes in adult minimal change disease patients ▶     Sung Woo Lee, Seon Ha Baek, Jin Ho Paik et al.     B7-1 is thought to play a pathogenic role in minimal-change disease (MCD). Recently, however, doubts have arisen regarding the role of B7-1 expression in MCD. Therefore, we aimed …             TERT promoter mutations and Ki-67 labeling index as a prognostic marker of papillary thyroid carcinomas: combination of two independent factors ▶     Michiko Matsuse, Tomonori Yabuta, Vladimir Saenko et al.     Although most papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTCs) have a good prognosis, a small but certain fraction shows aggressive behavior. Therefore, a novel and well-performing molecular …             Significant survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced high-risk nasopharyngeal carcinoma ▶     Zhong-Guo Liang, Xiao-Qian Chen, Guo-Xiang Lin et al.     The present study aimed to define high-risk patients who may benefit from additional adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after concurrent chemotherapy in combination with …             Multimodal optical analysis discriminates freshly extracted human sample of gliomas, metastases and meningiomas from their appropriate controls ▶     Marc Zanello, Fanny Poulon, Johan Pallud et al.     Delineating tumor margins as accurately as possible is of primordial importance in surgical oncology: extent of resection is associated with survival but respect of healthy …             High density lipoprotein (HDL) particles from end-stage renal disease patients are defective in promoting reverse cholesterol transport ▶     Josephine L.C. Anderson, Thomas Gautier, Niels Nijstad et al.     Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the largest cause of mortality in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). CVD in ESRD is not explained by classical CVD risk …             Gestational Weight Gain and Fetal-Maternal Adiponectin, Leptin, and CRP: results of two birth cohorts studies ▶     Chad A. Logan, Rebecca Bornemann, Wolfgang Koenig et al.     Gestational weight gain (GWG) is an important modifiable factor known to influence fetal outcomes including birth weight and adiposity. Unlike behaviors such as smoking and …             Endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibition attenuates hypertensive chronic kidney disease through reduction in proteinuria ▶     Zahraa Mohammed-Ali, Chao Lu, Mandeep K. Marway et al.     Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in chronic kidney disease (CKD) development in patients and in animal models. Here we show that ER stress inhibition through …             Repair of bone defects with prefabricated vascularized bone grafts and double-labeled bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model ▶     Xiao-Rui Jiang, Hui-Ying Yang, Xin-Xin Zhang et al.     This study aims to investigate the repair of bone defects with prefabricated vascularized bone grafts and double-labeled bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in a …             Alexithymia and personality traits of patients with inflammatory bowel disease ▶     D. La Barbera, B. Bonanno, M. V. Rumeo et al.     Psychological factors, specific lifestyles and environmental stressors may influence etiopathogenesis and evolution of chronic diseases. We investigate the association between …             Dimethyl Fumarate ameliorates pulmonary arterial hypertension and lung fibrosis by targeting multiple pathways ▶     Agnieszka P. Grzegorzewska, Francesca Seta, Rong Han et al.     Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal condition for which there is no cure. Dimethyl Fumarate (DMF) is an FDA approved anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory agent with …             Generation of a bile salt export pump deficiency model using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells ▶     Kazuo Imagawa, Kazuo Takayama, Shigemi Isoyama et al.     Bile salt export pump (BSEP) plays an important role in hepatic secretion of bile acids and its deficiency results in severe cholestasis and liver failure. Mutation of the ABCB11 …             Photodynamic therapy monitoring with optical coherence angiography ▶     M. A. Sirotkina, L. A. Matveev, M. V. Shirmanova et al.     Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising modern approach for cancer therapy with low normal tissue toxicity. This study was focused on a vascular-targeting Chlorine E6 mediated …             Engineering an endocrine Neo-Pancreas by repopulation of a decellularized rat pancreas with islets of Langerhans ▶     H. Napierala, K.-H. Hillebrandt, N. Haep et al.     Decellularization of pancreata and repopulation of these non-immunogenic matrices with islets and endothelial cells could provide transplantable, endocrine Neo- Pancreata. In …             Rapid detection of functional gene polymorphisms of TLRs and IL-17 using high resolution melting analysis ▶     Johanna Teräsjärvi, Antti Hakanen, Matti Korppi et al.     Genetic variations in toll-like receptors (TLRs) and IL-17A have been widely connected to different diseases. Associations between susceptibility and resistance to different …             The E3 ligase Mule protects the heart against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction through Myc-dependent inactivation of Pgc-1α and Pink1 ▶     Keith Dadson, Ludger Hauck, Zhenyue Hao et al.     Cardiac homeostasis requires proper control of protein turnover. Protein degradation is principally controlled by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System. Mule is an E3 ubiquitin ligase …             Alterations in the carnitine cycle in a mouse model of Rett syndrome ▶     Sabrina Mucerino, Anna Di Salle, Nicola Alessio et al.     Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disease that leads to intellectual deficit, motor disability, epilepsy and increased risk of sudden death. Although in up to 95% of …             P-Selectin preserves immune tolerance in mice and is reduced in human cutaneous lupus ▶     Rafael González-Tajuelo, Javier Silván, Alicia Pérez-Frías et al.     Mice deficient in P-Selectin presented altered immunity/tolerance balance. We have observed that the absence of P-Selectin promotes splenomegaly with reduced naïve T cell …             Rapid cell separation with minimal manipulation for autologous cell therapies ▶     Alban J. Smith, Richard D. O’Rorke, Akshay Kale et al.     The ability to isolate specific, viable cell populations from mixed ensembles with minimal manipulation and within intra-operative time would provide significant advantages for …             Reduced GABAergic transmission in the ventrobasal thalamus contributes to thermal hyperalgesia in chronic inflammatory pain ▶     Chan Zhang, Rong-Xiang Chen, Yu Zhang et al.     The ventrobasal (VB) thalamus is innervated by GABAergic afferents from the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) and participates in nociception. But how the TRN-VB pathway regulates …             Cellular prion protein is present in mitochondria of healthy mice ▶     Robert Faris, Roger A. Moore, Anne Ward et al.     Cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a mammalian glycoprotein which is usually found anchored to the plasma membrane via a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. PrPC misfolds to a …             Early life antibiotic exposure affects pancreatic islet development and metabolic regulation ▶     Jiaying Li, Kaiyuan Yang, Tingting Ju et al.     Childhood antibiotic exposure has been recently linked with increased risk of metabolic disease later in life. A better understanding of this association would potentially …             Structural Connectivity Variances Underlie Functional and Behavioral Changes During Pain Relief Induced by Neuromodulation ▶     Richard L. Lin, Gwenaëlle Douaud, Nicola Filippini et al.     An increased understanding of the relationship between structural connections and functional and behavioral outcomes is an essential but under-explored topic in neuroscience. …             Serum prealbumin and its changes over time are associated with mortality in acute kidney injury ▶     Wenji Wang, Yu Pan, Xiao Tang et al.     Serum prealbumin is a clinically relevant indicator of nutritional status and inflammation in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). This study aimed to determine whether serum …             Clomipramine causes osteoporosis by promoting osteoclastogenesis via E3 ligase Itch, which is prevented by Zoledronic acid ▶     Xing Li, Wen Sun, Jinbo Li et al.     Patients taking antidepressants, including Clomipramine (CLP), have an increased risk of osteoporotic fracture. However, the effects of CLP on bone metabolism are unknown. Here, …             Computational imaging reveals shape differences between normal and malignant prostates on MRI ▶     Mirabela Rusu, Andrei S. Purysko, Sadhna Verma et al.     We seek to characterize differences in the shape of the prostate and the central gland (combined central and transitional zones) between men with biopsy confirmed prostate cancer …             Improving the diagnostic accuracy of acute myocardial infarction with the use of high-sensitive cardiac troponin T in different chronic kidney disease stages ▶     Hongliu Yang, Jing Liu, Han Luo et al.     High-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-TnT) is a critical biomarker in diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, CKD individuals usually have elevated hs-TnT even …             High-throughput screen detects calcium signaling dysfunction in typical sporadic autism spectrum disorder ▶     Galina Schmunk, Rachel L. Nguyen, David L. Ferguson et al.     Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders without any defined uniting pathophysiology. Ca2+ signaling is emerging as a potential …             Whole Genome Sequencing Identifies Novel Compound Heterozygous Lysosomal Trafficking Regulator Gene Mutations Associated with Autosomal Recessive Chediak-Higashi Syndrome ▶     Yaqiong Jin, Li Zhang, Senfen Wang et al.     Chediak–Higashi syndrome (CHS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by varying degrees of oculocutaneous albinism, recurrent infections, and a mild bleeding …             High prevalence of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in public space lawns in Western Australia ▶     Peter Moono, Su Chen Lim, Thomas V. Riley     Clostridium difficile is a well-established hospital pathogen. Recently, it has been detected increasingly in patients without hospital contact. Given this rise in community …             Impact of the use of an endorectal coil for 3 T prostate MRI on image quality and cancer detection rate ▶     Josephin Gawlitza, Martin Reiss-Zimmermann, Gregor Thörmer et al.     This work aims to assess the impact of an additional endorectal coil on image quality and cancer detection rate within the same patients. At a single academic medical center, …             Molecular, morphological and survival analysis of 177 resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs): Identification of prognostic subtypes ▶     Anna Melissa Schlitter, Angela Segler, Katja Steiger et al.     Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has generally a poor prognosis, but recent data suggest that there are molecular subtypes differing in clinical outcome. This study …             Effects of Normothermic Conditioned Microwave Irradiation on Cultured Cells Using an Irradiation System with Semiconductor Oscillator and Thermo-regulatory Applicator ▶     Mamiko Asano, Minoru Sakaguchi, Satoshi Tanaka et al.     We investigated the effects of microwave irradiation under normothermic conditions on cultured cells. For this study, we developed an irradiation system constituted with …             Synergistic effects of metformin with liraglutide against endothelial dysfunction through GLP-1 receptor and PKA signalling pathway ▶     Jing Ke, Ye Liu, Jin Yang et al.     Metformin or glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue liraglutide has cardiovascular benefits. However, it is not clear whether their combined treatment have additive or …             TDAG8 involved in initiating inflammatory hyperalgesia and establishing hyperalgesic priming in mice ▶     Shih-Ping Dai, Ya-Han Huang, Chung-Jen Chang et al.     Chronic pain, resulting from injury, arthritis, and cancer, is often accompanied by inflammation. High concentrations of protons found in inflamed tissues results in tissue …             ZP3 is Required for Germinal Vesicle Breakdown in Mouse Oocyte Meiosis ▶     Lei-Lei Gao, Chun-Xiang Zhou, Xiao-Lan Zhang et al.     ZP3 is a principal component of the zona pellucida (ZP) of mammalian oocytes and is essential for normal fertility, and knockout of ZP3 causes complete infertility. ZP3 promotes …             Improving polygenic risk prediction from summary statistics by an empirical Bayes approach ▶     Hon-Cheong So, Pak C. Sham     Polygenic risk scores (PRS) from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are increasingly used to predict disease risks. However some included variants could be false positives …             Succinate ester derivative of δ-tocopherol enhances the protective effects against 60Co γ-ray-induced hematopoietic injury through granulocyte colony-stimulating factor induction in mice ▶     Zhong-Tang Li, Li-Mei Wang, Li-Rong Yi et al.     α-tocopherol succinate (α-TOS), γ-tocotrienol (GT3) and δ-tocotrienol (DT3) have drawn large attention due to their efficacy as radioprotective agents. α-TOS has been shown to …             Primary Human Placental Trophoblasts are Permissive for Zika Virus (ZIKV) Replication ▶     Kjersti M. Aagaard, Anismrita Lahon, Melissa A. Suter et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne (Aedes genus) arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family. Although ZIKV has been predominately associated with a mild or asymptomatic …             Caffeic Acid Cyclohexylamide Rescues Lethal Inflammation in Septic Mice through Inhibition of IκB Kinase in Innate Immune Process ▶     Jun Hyeon Choi, Sun Hong Park, Jae-Kyung Jung et al.     Targeting myeloid differentiation protein 2 (MD-2) or Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with small molecule inhibitor rescues the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in …             Vitamin D Receptor Activator Use and Cause-specific Death among dialysis Patients: a Nationwide Cohort Study using Coarsened Exact Matching ▶     Yoshitsugu Obi, Takayuki Hamano, Atsushi Wada et al.     Vitamin D receptor activators (VDRA) may exert pleiotropic effects on cardiovascular disease, malignancy, and infections among dialysis patients, but recent studies have mainly …             BMP2-coprecipitated calcium phosphate granules enhance osteoinductivity of deproteinized bovine bone, and bone formation during critical-sized bone defect healing ▶     Tie Liu, Yuanna Zheng, Gang Wu et al.     Most materials used clinically for filling critical-sized bone defects (CSBD), such as deproteinized bovine bone (DBB), lack osteoinductivity so that their therapeutic effects …             Intranasal Delivery of A Novel Amnion Cell Secretome Prevents Neuronal Damage and Preserves Function In A Mouse Multiple Sclerosis Model ▶     Reas S. Khan, Kimberly Dine, Bailey Bauman et al.     The ability of a novel intranasally delivered amnion cell derived biologic to suppress inflammation, prevent neuronal damage and preserve neurologic function in the experimental …             Inhibition of PDGFR signaling prevents muscular fatty infiltration after rotator cuff tear in mice ▶     Hideyuki Shirasawa, Noboru Matsumura, Masayuki Shimoda et al.     Fatty infiltration in muscle is often observed in patients with sizable rotator cuff tear (RCT) and is thought to be an irreversible event that significantly compromises muscle …             Evaluation of the Bone-ligament and tendon insertions based on Raman spectrum and its PCA and CLS analysis ▶     Yang Wu, Yu Dong, Jia Jiang et al.     Injuries to the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and Rotator Cuff Tendon (RCT) are common in physically active and elderly individuals. The development of an artificial …             Analysis of the Prevalence and Factors Associated with Nocturia in Adult Korean Men ▶     So Young Kim, Woojin Bang, Min-Su Kim et al.     This study investigated the prevalence of and factors associated with nocturia in Korean men. A total of 92,626 participants aged between 19 and 103 years from the 2011 Korean …             Transcriptional heterogeneity in the lactase gene within cell-type is linked to the epigenome ▶     Edward Oh, Richie Jeremian, Gabriel Oh et al.     Transcriptional variation in histologically- and genetically- identical cells is a widespread phenomenon in tissues, yet the processes conferring this heterogeneity are not well …             The value of resting-state functional MRI in subacute ischemic stroke: comparison with dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI ▶     Ling Ni, Jingwei Li, Weiping Li et al.     To evaluate the potential clinical value of the time-shift analysis (TSA) approach for resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) data in detecting …             Feasibility of alternating induction and maintenance chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer ▶     Alexander Hann, Wolfram Bohle, Jan Egger et al.     Chemotherapy regimens for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have changed since the introduction of FOLFIRINOX. Due to toxicity, dosage and number of applied cycles are …             Prevalence of kidney stones in mainland China: A systematic review ▶     Wenying Wang, Jingyuan Fan, Guifeng Huang et al.     The data on the prevalence of kidney stones in mainland China are still lacking. We performed the present meta-analysis to assess the stone prevalence in mainland China from 1990 …             Identification of miRNA, lncRNA and mRNA-associated ceRNA networks and potential biomarker for MELAS with mitochondrial DNA A3243G mutation ▶     Wei Wang, Qianqian Zhuang, Kunqian Ji et al.     Researchers in the field of mitochondrial biology are increasingly unveiling of the complex mechanisms between mitochondrial dysfunction and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). However, …             Roxatidine attenuates mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation via inhibition of NF-κB and p38 MAPK activation ▶     Minho Lee, Na Young Lee, Kyung-Sook Chung et al.     Roxatidine is an active metabolite of roxatidine acetate hydrochloride which is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist that is used to treat gastric and duodenal ulcers. In this …             Genome-Wide Association Study of Polymorphisms Predisposing to Bronchiolitis ▶     Anu Pasanen, Minna K. Karjalainen, Louis Bont et al.     Bronchiolitis is a major cause of hospitalization among infants. Severe bronchiolitis is associated with later asthma, suggesting a common genetic predisposition. Genetic …             Comparative analysis of image classification methods for automatic diagnosis of ophthalmic images ▶     Liming Wang, Kai Zhang, Xiyang Liu et al.     There are many image classification methods, but it remains unclear which methods are most helpful for analyzing and intelligently identifying ophthalmic images. We select …             Attenuated contact heat-evoked potentials associated with sensory and social-emotional symptoms in individuals with autism spectrum disorder ▶     Yi-Ling Chien, Shao-Wei Wu, Chih-Pang Chu et al.     Sensory disturbance is associated with socio-emotional problems in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Most studies assess sensory symptoms by self-reports, which …             Long Blood Residence and Large Tumor Uptake of Ruthenium Sulfide Nanoclusters for Highly Efficient Cancer Photothermal Therapy ▶     Zhuoxuan Lu, Feng-ying Huang, Rong Cao et al.     Transition metal sulfide (TMS) holds great potential in cancer photothermal therapy (PTT) because of the high absorbance in the near-infrared (NIR) region. The short blood …             Germline large genomic alterations on 7q in patients with multiple primary cancers ▶     R. A. R. Villacis, T. R. Basso, L. M. Canto et al.     Patients with multiple primary cancers (MPCs) are suspected to have a hereditary cancer syndrome. However, only a small proportion may be explained by mutations in …             Prognostic value of marital status on stage at diagnosis in hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Wenjie Zhang, Xiaochen Wang, Ruyi Huang et al.     Marital status have been found as an independent prognostic factor for survival and spousal support could provide a survival advantage in various cancer types. However, the …             The fibrogenic actions of lung fibroblast-derived urokinase: a potential drug target in IPF ▶     Michael Schuliga, Jade Jaffar, Trudi Harris et al.     The role of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remains unclear. uPA-generated plasmin has potent fibrogenic actions involving protease …             Cortisol Awakening Response and Acute Stress Reactivity in First Nations People ▶     Maximus Berger, Anthony Leicht, Angela Slatcher et al.     First Nations people globally have a higher incidence of mental disorders and non-communicable diseases. These health inequalities are partially attributed to a complex network …             Development of polymer based cryogel matrix for transportation and storage of mammalian cells ▶     Jyoti Kumari, Ashok Kumar     We studied the potential of polymeric cryogel matrices such as 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA)-agarose (HA) and gelatin matrix as a transporting and storage material for …             A Functional IL22 Polymorphism (rs2227473) Is Associated with Predisposition to Childhood Cerebral Malaria ▶     Sandrine Marquet, Ianina Conte, Belco Poudiougou et al.     Cerebral malaria (CM) is a severe complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection. This encephalopathy is characterized by coma and is thought to result from mechanical …             Deferasirox-induced iron depletion promotes BclxL downregulation and death of proximal tubular cells ▶     Diego Martin-Sanchez, Angel Gallegos-Villalobos, Miguel Fontecha-Barriuso et al.     Iron deficiency has been associated with kidney injury. Deferasirox is an oral iron chelator used to treat blood transfusion-related iron overload. Nephrotoxicity is the most …             The differential ability of asparagine and glutamine in promoting the closed/active enzyme conformation rationalizes the Wolinella succinogenes L-asparaginase substrate specificity ▶     Hien Anh Nguyen, Donald L. Durden, Arnon Lavie     Many side effects of current FDA-approved L-asparaginases have been related to their secondary L-glutaminase activity. 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