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2011/05/03

Health and Fitness for Tuesday May 3, 2011

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TV, computer multitasking distracting

BOSTON (UPI) -- Teens may argue they can focus on homework with the TV on, but U.S. researchers confirm what parents have long suspected, multitasking is distracting.

Professors S. Adam Brasel and James Gips of Boston College say study participants told researchers they only looked at the computer during TV commercials, or that they thought they were watching TV while Web pages were loaded.

However, the study finds people on average switched their eyes back and forth between TV and computer 120 times in 27.5 minutes -- or nearly once every 14 seconds.

"We thought it was going to be high, but the frequency of switching and amount of distraction going on was really shocking," Brasel says in a statement.

Even if quick "glances" less than 1.5 seconds are removed from the equation, people switched more than 70 times per half hour, the study says.

Prior research shows 59 percent of Americans say they use their computer and television at the same time, the researchers say.

The study, published in the journal Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, finds on average

Copyright 2011 by United Press International

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Social status affects how people respond

BETHESDA, Md. (UPI) -- People's brains tend to perk up when they interact with others on the same rung of the socioeconomic ladder, U.S. researchers say.

Caroline Zink of the National Institute of Mental Health says she and her colleagues find people who have higher subjective socioeconomic status have greater brain activity in response to other high-ranked individuals, while those with lower status have a greater response to other low-status individuals.

"The way we interact with and behave around other people is often determined by their social status relative to our own, and therefore information regarding social status is very valuable to us," Zink says in a statement. "Interestingly, the value we assign to information about someone's particular status seems to depend on our own status."

The researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure brain activity of people with varying social status as they were shown information about someone of relatively higher status and information about someone of relatively lower status.

"The value that we place on particular status-related information -- evident by the extent our brain's value centers are activated -- is not the same for everyone and is influenced, at least in part, by our own subjective socioeconomic status," Zink says.

Zink adds that socioeconomic status isn't based solely on money but can also include factors such as accomplishments and habits.

The findings are published in Current Biology.

Copyright 2011 by United Press International

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Annual mammogram enough after lumpectomy

PHILADELPHIA (UPI) -- After breast cancer patients have had breast conserving therapy an annual mammogram is sufficient follow-up, U.S. researchers say.

Senior author Dr. Scott Herbert, a clinical associate professor of radiation oncology at Drexel University in Philadelphia, said breast conserving therapy is when a patient is treated with a lumpectomy and radiation instead of a mastectomy for early stage breast cancer.

Annual mammograms are frequently conducted after breast conserving therapy, but some radiologists recommend an interval mammogram six months after the first post-treatment mammogram to check for cancer recurrence.

The study found 88 out of 467 breast conserving therapy patients from Abington Memorial Hospital in Abington, Pa., received an interval mammogram, which led to four biopsies that yielded no recurring or new breast cancers. Patients then returned to receiving annual mammograms.

"We continually see post-breast conserving therapy patients get an interval mammogram and it is always normal," Herbert said in a statement. "I think this will prompt physicians to reconsider the recommendation for an interval mammogram, which will ultimately save the medical community and the patients money, in addition to decreasing patient stress and minimizing unnecessary biopsies."

The findings were presented at the Cancer Imaging and Radiation Therapy Symposium in Atlanta.

Copyright 2011 by United Press International

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Mood, alcohol link not the same in all

CHAPEL HILL, N.C. (UPI) -- The relationship between mood and alcohol use is not the same for everyone, U.S. researchers suggest.

Andrea Hussong of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill asked adolescents to complete daily diaries with ratings of their mood and alcohol use over 21 days.

The study, published in Current Directions in Psychological Science, found adolescents with behavioral problems drink more in general -- irrespective of mood -- but only adolescents without behavioral problems drink more often when feeling depressed.

If psychologists discover that certain kinds of people are more likely to drink when depressed, it would be possible to help those people earlier, Daniel J. Bauer, a colleague of Hussong, says.

"Ultimately, the idea would be to identify people who might be more at risk and try to help them," Bauer says in a statement.

Copyright 2011 by United Press International

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