Scientific Reports Earth Sciences Table of Contents e-alert: 1 March 2016

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01 March 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Earth & Environmental Sciences               A comprehensive estimate of recent carbon sinks in China using both top-down and bottom-up approaches ▶     Fei Jiang, Jing M. Chen, Lingxi Zhou et al.     Atmospheric inversions use measurements of atmospheric CO2 gradients to constrain regional surface fluxes. Current inversions indicate a net terrestrial CO2 sink in China between …             Autonomous Graphene Vessel for Suctioning and Storing Liquid Body of Spilled Oil ▶     Taewoo Kim, Jeong Seok Lee, Geonhui Lee et al.     Despite remarkable strides in science and technology, the strategy for spilled oil collection has remained almost the same since the 1969 Santa Barbara oil spill. The graphene …             Temperature sensitivity and enzymatic mechanisms of soil organic matter decomposition along an altitudinal gradient on Mount Kilimanjaro ▶     Еvgenia Blagodatskaya, Sergey Blagodatsky, Nikita Khomyakov et al.     Short-term acceleration of soil organic matter decomposition by increasing temperature conflicts with the thermal adaptation observed in long-term studies. Here we used the …             A Fe-C-Ca big cycle in modern carbon-intensive industries: toward emission reduction and resource utilization ▶     Yongqi Sun, Seetharaman Sridhar, Seshadri Seetharaman et al.     Herein a big Fe-C-Ca cycle, clarifying the basic element flows and energy flows in modern carbon-intensive industries including the metallurgical industry and the cement …             Microspatial variability in community structure and photophysiology of calcified macroalgal microbiomes revealed by coupling of hyperspectral and high-resolution fluorescence imaging ▶     R. G. Perkins, C. J. Williamson, J. Brodie et al.     Calcifying coralline macroalgae provide biogenic habitats colonised by epiphytic microalgae that contribute significantly to community productivity. Georeferenced hyperspectral …             Effects of soil and topographic factors on vegetation restoration in opencast coal mine dumps located in a loess area ▶     Jinman Wang, Hongdan Wang, Yingui Cao et al.     Vegetation plays an important role in improving and restoring fragile ecological environments. In the Antaibao opencast coal mine, located in a loess area, the eco-environment …             Summer precipitation anomalies in Asia and North America induced by Eurasian non-monsoon land heating versus ENSO ▶     Ping Zhao, Bin Wang, Jiping Liu et al.     When floods ravage Asian monsoon regions in summer, megadroughts often attack extratropical North America, which feature an intercontinental contrasting precipitation anomaly …             Internal exposure dynamics drive the Adverse Outcome Pathways of synthetic glucocorticoids in fish ▶     Luigi Margiotta-Casaluci, Stewart F. Owen, Belinda Huerta et al.     The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework represents a valuable conceptual tool to systematically integrate existing toxicological knowledge from a mechanistic perspective to …             Intrusion of Fukushima-derived radiocaesium into subsurface water due to formation of mode waters in the North Pacific ▶     Hideki Kaeriyama, Yugo Shimizu, Takashi Setou et al.     The Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in March 2011 released radiocaesium (137Cs and 134Cs) into the North Pacific Ocean. Meridional transects of the vertical …             Fishing-induced life-history changes degrade and destabilize harvested ecosystems ▶     Anna Kuparinen, Alice Boit, Fernanda S. Valdovinos et al.     Fishing is widely known to magnify fluctuations in targeted populations. These fluctuations are correlated with population shifts towards young, small, and more quickly maturing …             Synergistic Processing of Biphenyl and Benzoate: Carbon Flow Through the Bacterial Community in Polychlorinated-Biphenyl-Contaminated Soil ▶     Mary-Cathrine Leewis, Ondrej Uhlik, Mary Beth Leigh     Aerobic mineralization of PCBs, which are toxic and persistent organic pollutants, involves the upper (biphenyl, BP) and lower (benzoate, BZ) degradation pathways. The activity …             Rapid growth of mineral deposits at artificial seafloor hydrothermal vents ▶     Tatsuo Nozaki, Jun-Ichiro Ishibashi, Kazuhiko Shimada et al.     Seafloor massive sulphide deposits are potential resources for base and precious metals (Cu-Pb-Zn ± Ag ± Au), but difficulties in estimating precise reserves and assessing …             Determinants of community structure of zooplankton in heavily polluted river ecosystems ▶     Wei Xiong, Jie Li, Yiyong Chen et al.     River ecosystems are among the most affected habitats globally by human activities, such as the release of chemical pollutants. However, it remains largely unknown how and to …             Mineral resources prospecting by synthetic application of TM/ETM+, Quickbird and Hyperion data in the Hatu area, West Junggar, Xinjiang, China ▶     Lei Liu, Jun Zhou, Dong Jiang et al.     The Hatu area, West Junggar, Xinjiang, China, is situated at a potential gold-copper mineralization zone in association with quartz veins and small granitic intrusions. In order …             Trend of cancer risk of Chinese inhabitants to dioxins due to changes in dietary patterns: 1980–2009 ▶     Tao Huang, Wanyanhan Jiang, Zaili Ling et al.     Food ingestion is a major route for human exposure and body burden to dioxins. We estimated the potential influence of changes in dietary patterns in Chinese population on human …             Unraveling the role of dark septate endophyte (DSE) colonizing maize (Zea mays) under cadmium stress: physiological, cytological and genic aspects ▶     Jun-ling Wang, Tao Li, Gao-yuan Liu et al.     A growing body of evidence suggests that plant root-associated fungi such as dark septate endophytes (DSE) can help plants overcome many biotic and abiotic stresses, of great …             Characterization of triclosan metabolism in Sphingomonas sp. strain YL-JM2C ▶     Sikandar I. Mulla, Han Wang, Qian Sun et al.     Triclosan (TCS) is one of the most widespread emerging contaminants and has adverse impact on aquatic ecosystem, yet little is known about its complete biodegradation mechanism …             Game auction prices are not related to biodiversity contributions of southern African ungulates and large carnivores ▶     Fredrik Dalerum, Maria Miranda     There is an urgent need for human societies to become environmentally sustainable. Because public policy is largely driven by economic processes, quantifications of the …             The intertropical convergence zone modulates intense hurricane strikes on the western North Atlantic margin ▶     Peter J. van Hengstum, Jeffrey P. Donnelly, Patricia L. Fall et al.     Most Atlantic hurricanes form in the Main Development Region between 9°N to 20°N along the northern edge of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). Previous research has …             Intermediate tree cover can maximize groundwater recharge in the seasonally dry tropics ▶     U. Ilstedt, A. Bargués Tobella, H. R. Bazié et al.     Water scarcity contributes to the poverty of around one-third of the world’s people. Despite many benefits, tree planting in dry regions is often discouraged by concerns that …             Dating the period when intensive anthropogenic activity began to influence the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China ▶     Jinxin Cong, Chuanyu Gao, Yan Zhang et al.     Dating the start of intensive anthropogenic influence on ecosystems is important for identifying the conditions necessary for ecosystem recovery. However, few studies have …             Active Sampling Device for Determining Pollutants in Surface and Pore Water – the In Situ Sampler for Biphasic Water Monitoring ▶     Samuel D. Supowit, Isaac B. Roll, Viet D. Dang et al.     We designed and evaluated an active sampling device, using as analytical targets a family of pesticides purported to contribute to honeybee colony collapse disorder. Simultaneous …             Evidence of limited carbon sequestration in soils under no-tillage systems in the Cerrado of Brazil ▶     Marc Corbeels, Robelio Leandro Marchão, Marcos Siqueira Neto et al.     The Brazilian government aims at augmenting the area cropped under no-tillage (NT) from 32 to 40 million ha by 2020 as a means to mitigate CO2 emissions. We estimated soil carbon …             Transcriptome sequencing of Crucihimalaya himalaica (Brassicaceae) reveals how Arabidopsis close relative adapt to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ▶     Qin Qiao, Qia Wang, Xi Han et al.     The extreme environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) provides an ideal natural laboratory for studies on adaptive evolution. Few genome/transcriptome based studies have …             Deep-sea whale fall fauna from the Atlantic resembles that of the Pacific Ocean ▶     Paulo Y. G. Sumida, Joan M. Alfaro-Lucas, Mauricio Shimabukuro et al.     Whale carcasses create remarkable habitats in the deep-sea by producing concentrated sources of organic matter for a food-deprived biota as well as places of evolutionary novelty …             Precise estimation of soil organic carbon stocks in the northeast Tibetan Plateau ▶     Ren-Min Yang, Gan-Lin Zhang, Fei Yang et al.     There is a need for accurate estimate of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks for understanding the role of alpine soils in the global carbon cycle. We tested a method for mapping …             Gap locations influence the release of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in two shrub foliar litter in an alpine fir forest ▶     Wei He, Fuzhong Wu, Wanqin Yang et al.     Gap formation favors the growth of understory plants and affects the decomposition process of plant debris inside and outside of gaps. Little information is available regarding …             Bacterial diversity in saliva and oral health-related conditions: the Hisayama Study ▶     Toru Takeshita, Shinya Kageyama, Michiko Furuta et al.     This population-based study determined the salivary microbiota composition of 2,343 adult residents of Hisayama town, Japan, using 16S rRNA gene next-generation high-throughput …             A label-free and portable graphene FET aptasensor for children blood lead detection ▶     Chenyu Wang, Xinyi Cui, Ying Li et al.     Lead is a cumulative toxicant, which can induce severe health issues, especially in children’s case due to their immature nervous system. While realizing large-scale monitoring …             Time related variations in stem cell harvesting of umbilical cord blood ▶     Gianluigi Mazzoccoli, Giuseppe Miscio, Andrea Fontana et al.     Umbilical cord blood (UCB) contains hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent mesenchymal cells useful for treatment in malignant/nonmalignant hematologic-immunologic diseases and …             Effects of forests, roads and mistletoe on bird diversity in monoculture rubber plantations ▶     Rachakonda Sreekar, Guohualing Huang, Mika Yasuda et al.     Rising global demand for natural rubber is expanding monoculture rubber (Hevea brasilensis) at the expense of natural forests in the Old World tropics. Conversion of forests into …             Isotopic disequilibrium in Globigerina bulloides and carbon isotope response to productivity increase in Southern Ocean ▶     K. Prasanna, Prosenjit Ghosh, S. K. Bhattacharya et al.     Oxygen and carbon isotope ratios in planktonic foraminifera Globigerina bulloides collected from tow samples along a transect from the equatorial Indian ocean to the Southern …             Anthropogenic disturbances are key to maintaining the biodiversity of grasslands ▶     Z. Y. Yuan, F. Jiao, Y. H. Li et al.     Although anthropogenic disturbances are often perceived as detrimental to plant biodiversity, the relationship between biodiversity and disturbance remains unclear. Opinions …             Laetoli’s lost tracks: 3D generated mean shape and missing footprints ▶     M. R. Bennett, S. C. Reynolds, S. A. Morse et al.     The Laetoli site (Tanzania) contains the oldest known hominin footprints, and their interpretation remains open to debate, despite over 35 years of research. The two hominin …             Pepino (Solanum muricatum) planting increased diversity and abundance of bacterial communities in karst area ▶     Jinxiang Hu, Hui Yang, Xiaohua Long et al.     Soil nutrients and microbial communities are the two key factors in revegetation of barren environments. Ecological stoichiometry plays an important role in ecosystem function …             High-energy X-ray focusing and applications to pair distribution function investigation of Pt and Au nanoparticles at high pressures ▶     Xinguo Hong, Lars Ehm, Zhong Zhong et al.     We report development of micro-focusing optics for high-energy x-rays by combining a sagittally bent Laue crystal monchromator with Kirkpatrick-Baez (K–B) X-ray focusing mirrors. …             Efficiency of two nitrification inhibitors (dicyandiamide and 3, 4-dimethypyrazole phosphate) on soil nitrogen transformations and plant productivity: a meta-analysis ▶     Ming Yang, Yunting Fang, Di Sun et al.     Dicyandiamide (DCD) and 3, 4-dimethypyrazole phosphate (DMPP) are often claimed to be efficient in regulating soil N transformations and influencing plant productivity, but the …             Disentangling the determinants of species richness of vascular plants and mammals from national to regional scales ▶     Haigen Xu, Mingchang Cao, Yi Wu et al.     Understanding the spatial patterns in species richness gets new implication for biodiversity conservation in the context of climate change and intensified human intervention. …               • Careers & Jobs         naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       PhD students and Postdocs     Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT).            Senior Researcher     Kew Gardens            Research Fellow     New York Blood Center            Research Associate     University of Bristol            Research Fellow     Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard Medical School            Postdoctoral Research Fellow     Thomas Jefferson University (TJU)            Postdoctoral Training Fellow     The Francis Crick Institute            Senior Research Associate Ref: RA1273     University of East Anglia (UEA)            Senior Research Associate     The Babraham Institute            Research Associate Position     University of Zurich          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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