Nature Communications - 27 April 2016

Advertisement AIMResearch - Highlighting research from the Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR) in Japan, which promotes mathematics-materials science collaboration Latest highlight: Titanium dioxide: Atoms mapped at border between crystals In the spotlight: International symposium: Mathematics and materials in harmony  Register today for monthly email alerts!     Weekly Content Alert Nature Communications is now fully open access. Read more. 27 April 2016  Featured image: Osuri et al. show that defaunation leads to greater carbon storage losses in forests with more large-seeded trees. Latest content: Correspondence Articles Corrigenda Erratum Advertisement   NEW WHITE PAPER: The Latest Advances in Cell and Tissue Engrafted Mice This white paper provides an in-depth overview of mice engrafted with human cells and tissues and how they can help to bridge the biological gap between mice and humans. Learn More About: How cell and tissue engrafted mice are generated The application of immune system engrafted models in basic and applied research And, read an evaluation of the available super immunodeficient models for cell and issue Download Your Copy Today Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Open for Submissions  A new open access, multi-and interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing the finest research on both microbial biofilms and microbiomes, the journal is now open for submissions.  Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article.       Nature Communications - now fully open access All new submissions, if accepted, will be published open access and an article processing charge (APC) will apply. For more information visit the website. Visit our open access funding page or contact openaccess@nature.com to learn more about APC funding.       Latest Correspondence     Correspondence: Reply to ‘Quantitative evaluation of X-ray dark-field images for microcalcification analysis in mammography’ OPEN 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms10868     Correspondence: Quantitative evaluation of X-ray dark-field images for microcalcification analysis in mammography OPEN 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms10863       Latest Articles View all Articles     Neural substrates of cognitive biases during probabilistic inference OPEN Alireza Soltani, Peyman Khorsand, Clara Guo, Shiva Farashahi and Janet Liu Humans are often biased in estimating the precise influence of probabilistic events on their decisions. Here, Khorsand and colleagues report a behavioural task that produces these biases in inference and describe a biophysically-plausible model that captures these behavioural deviations from optimal decision making. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11393 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  miR-22 has a potent anti-tumour role with therapeutic potential in acute myeloid leukaemia OPEN Xi Jiang, Chao Hu, Stephen Arnovitz, Jason Bugno, Miao Yu, Zhixiang Zuo, Ping Chen, Hao Huang, Bryan Ulrich, Sandeep Gurbuxani, Hengyou Weng, Jennifer Strong, Yungui Wang, Yuanyuan Li, Justin Salat, Shenglai Li, Abdel G. Elkahloun, Yang Yang, Mary Beth Neilly, Richard A. Larson et al. Mir-22 has been shown to be an oncogenic microRNA in breast cancer and myelodysplastic syndrome. Here, the authors show that mir-22 functions as a tumour suppressor in de novo acute myeloid leukaemia by inhibiting the expression of several oncogenes and that restoring mir-22 expression suppresses AML progression. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11452 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Molecular biology  An inhibitor of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan synthesis promotes central nervous system remyelination OPEN Michael B. Keough, James A. Rogers, Ping Zhang, Samuel K. Jensen, Erin L. Stephenson, Tieyu Chen, Mitchel G. Hurlbert, Lorraine W. Lau, Khalil S. Rawji, Jason R. Plemel, Marcus Koch, Chang-Chun Ling and V. Wee Yong Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) secreted by astrocytes are known to inhibit OPC differentiation and remyelination. Here, the authors identify a novel CSPG synthesis inhibitor and find it can rescue OPC differentiation in vitro and accelerate remyelination in mice following focal demyelination. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11312 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Neuroscience  Elasticity-induced force reversal between active spinning particles in dense passive media OPEN J. L. Aragones, J. P. Steimel and A. Alexander-Katz Physics out-of-equilibrium is necessary to understand a variety of interactions, for example in biological systems. Here, the authors show that the interactions between non-Brownian active spinning particles can change from repulsive to attractive depending on the properties of the surrounding passive medium. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11325 Physical Sciences  Materials science  All-optical design for inherently energy-conserving reversible gates and circuits OPEN Eyal Cohen, Shlomi Dolev and Michael Rosenblit Reversible gates, like Fredkin gates, may be useful for energy conservation efforts. Cohen et al. present a formalism that may be used to produce any reversible logic. This method is implemented over an optical design of the Fredkin gate which utilizes only optical elements that inherently conserve energy. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11424 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Optical physics  Diverse human extracellular RNAs are widely detected in human plasma OPEN Jane E. Freedman, Mark Gerstein, Eric Mick, Joel Rozowsky, Daniel Levy, Robert Kitchen, Saumya Das, Ravi Shah, Kirsty Danielson, Lea Beaulieu, Fabio C. P. Navarro, Yaoyu Wang, Timur R. Galeev, Alex Holman, Raymond Y. Kwong, Venkatesh Murthy, Selim E. Tanriverdi, Milka Koupenova-Zamor, Ekaterina Mikhalev and Kahraman Tanriverdi Extracellular miRNAs are present in a variety of bodily fluids. Here, Freedman et al. analysed plasma-derived RNA by RNA-seq from 40 people followed by targeted RT-qPCR in an additional 2,763 people, and report over 1,000 extracellular RNAs including microRNAs, piwi-interacting RNA and small nucleolar RNAs. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11106 Biological Sciences  Genetics  Molecular biology  Strong nonlinear terahertz response induced by Dirac surface states in Bi2Se3 topological insulator OPEN Flavio Giorgianni, Enrica Chiadroni, Andrea Rovere, Mariangela Cestelli-Guidi, Andrea Perucchi, Marco Bellaveglia, Michele Castellano, Domenico Di Giovenale, Giampiero Di Pirro, Massimo Ferrario, Riccardo Pompili, Cristina Vaccarezza, Fabio Villa, Alessandro Cianchi, Andrea Mostacci, Massimo Petrarca, Matthew Brahlek, Nikesh Koirala, Seongshik Oh and Stefano Lupi The terahertz response of topological insulator surface states, in which relativistic electrons are protected from backscattering, possesses potential optic and plasmonic applications. Here, the authors demonstrate a nonlinear absorption response of Bi2Se3 to terahertz electric fields. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11421 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Protein-directed self-assembly of a fullerene crystal OPEN Kook-Han Kim, Dong-Kyun Ko, Yong-Tae Kim, Nam Hyeong Kim, Jaydeep Paul, Shao-Qing Zhang, Christopher B. Murray, Rudresh Acharya, William F. DeGrado, Yong Ho Kim and Gevorg Grigoryan Self-assembly enables complex structures to be fabricated from a few relatively simple components, but requires a detailed understanding of how the constituents may interact. Here, the authors report the rational assembly and crystallographic characterization of a fullerene-protein superstructure. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11429 Chemical Sciences  Biotechnology  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Line tension at lipid phase boundaries as driving force for HIV fusion peptide-mediated fusion OPEN Sung-Tae Yang, Volker Kiessling and Lukas K. Tamm HIV preferentially fuses with lipid membranes at the interface between ordered and disordered domains, but the mechanistic basis for this observation is not known. Here Yang et al. show that line tension at the lipid boundary contributes considerable energy to drive gp41 fusion peptide-mediated fusion. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11401 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Highly selective hydrogenation of arenes using nanostructured ruthenium catalysts modified with a carbon–nitrogen matrix OPEN Xinjiang Cui, Annette-Enrica Surkus, Kathrin Junge, Christoph Topf, Jörg Radnik, Carsten Kreyenschulte and Matthias Beller The selective reduction of arenes is important in organic synthesis and also valorization of biomass. Here, the authors report the use of ruthenium-based nanoparticles, which display high activity in arene reduction and preferentially hydrogenate aromatic rings rather than cleaving etheric C-O bonds. 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11326 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Organic chemistry  Identifying genetically driven clinical phenotypes using linear mixed models OPEN Jonathan D. Mosley, John S. Witte, Emma K. Larkin, Lisa Bastarache, Christian M. Shaffer, Jason H. Karnes, C. Michael Stein, Elizabeth Phillips, Scott J. Hebbring, Murray H. Brilliant, John Mayer, Zhan Ye, Dan M. Roden and Joshua C. Denny Use of general linear mixed models (GLMMs) in genetic variance analysis can quantify the relative contribution of additive effects from genetic variation on a given trait. Here, Jonathan Mosley and colleagues apply GLMM in a phenome-wide analysis and show that genetic variations in the HLA region are associated with 44 phenotypes, 5 phenotypes which were not previously reported in GWASes. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11433 Biological Sciences  Bioinformatics  Genetics  Retroviral intasomes search for a target DNA by 1D diffusion which rarely results in integration OPEN Nathan D. Jones, Miguel A. Lopez Jr, Jeungphill Hanne, Mitchell B. Peake, Jong-Bong Lee, Richard Fishel and Kristine E. Yoder Retroviral Integration into the host DNA is a rare event with evidence suggesting that it relies on DNA topology and sequence. Here the authors present single molecule evidence that shows the retroviral integration machinery vigorously scans the target DNA by 1D-diffusion but infrequently integrates. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11409 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Virology  A modular design of molecular qubits to implement universal quantum gates OPEN Jesús Ferrando-Soria, Eufemio Moreno Pineda, Alessandro Chiesa, Antonio Fernandez, Samantha A. Magee, Stefano Carretta, Paolo Santini, Iñigo J. Vitorica-Yrezabal, Floriana Tuna, Grigore A. Timco, Eric J.L. McInnes and Richard E.P. Winpenny The physical implementation of quantum information processing requires individual qubits and entangling gates. Here, the authors demonstrate a modular implementation through chemistry, assembling molecular {Cr7Ni} rings acting as qubits, with supramolecular structures realizing gates by choice of the linker. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11377 Chemical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Inorganic chemistry  Nanotechnology  Comparative analysis of ear-hole closure identifies epimorphic regeneration as a discrete trait in mammals OPEN Thomas R. Gawriluk, Jennifer Simkin, Katherine L. Thompson, Shishir K. Biswas, Zak Clare-Salzler, John M. Kimani, Stephen G. Kiama, Jeramiah J. Smith, Vanessa O. Ezenwa and Ashley W. Seifert The extent to which mammals and other vertebrates share similar mechanisms of tissue regeneration is unclear. Here, the authors use an ear punch assay in spiny mice, which regenerate fully, to show blastema formation and mesenchymal cell proliferation as cell cycle regulators p21 and p27 remain cytoplasmic. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11164 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  The HSP70 co-chaperone DNAJC14 targets misfolded pendrin for unconventional protein secretion OPEN Jinsei Jung, Jiyoon Kim, Shin Hye Roh, Ikhyun Jun, Robert D. Sampson, Heon Yung Gee, Jae Young Choi and Min Goo Lee Mutations in pendrin, a plasma membrane transporter, lead to Pendred syndrome, which is associated with hearing loss. Here, Jung et al. show that cell-surface expression of a mutated form of pendrin can be restored by blocking ER-to-Golgi traffic and triggering a DNAJC14 dependent unconventional secretion pathway. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11386 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Thiol reductive stress induces cellulose-anchored biofilm formation in Mycobacterium tuberculosis OPEN Abhishek Trivedi, Parminder Singh Mavi, Deepak Bhatt and Ashwani Kumar When grown in the lab, Mycobacterium tuberculosis can form pellicle biofilms. Here, Trivedi et al. show that thiol reductive stress (induced by dithiothreitol) triggers rapid formation of thicker biofilms containing cellulose as well as antibiotic-tolerant, metabolically active bacteria. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11392 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Cell biology  Microbiology  Host gene constraints and genomic context impact the expression and evolution of human microRNAs OPEN Gustavo S. França, Maria D. Vibranovski and Pedro A. F. Galante Recent miRNAs tend to emerge within coding genes. Here, by analysing miRNA expression data from six species and comparing genomes from 13 species, the authors report that host genes may provide stronger expression constraints to intragenic miRNAs in the long run. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11438 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Molecular biology  Spontaneous formation and base pairing of plausible prebiotic nucleotides in water OPEN Brian J. Cafferty, David M. Fialho, Jaheda Khanam, Ramanarayanan Krishnamurthy and Nicholas V. Hud One of the questions for prebiotic chemistry is the formation of complementary base pairing systems. Here, the authors show that plausible two prebiotic heterocycles can form glycosidic bonds with ribose in water and that these spontaneously base-pair in aqueous solution. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11328 Chemical Sciences  Chemical biology  Organic chemistry  Single-cell RNA-seq reveals cell type-specific transcriptional signatures at the maternal–foetal interface during pregnancy OPEN Andrew C. Nelson, Arne W. Mould, Elizabeth K. Bikoff and Elizabeth J. Robertson The zinc finger transcriptional repressor Prdm1/Blimp1 is essential for remodelling maternal blood vessels in a subset of trophoblast cells. Here, the authors perform single-cell RNA-seq analysis on this Blimp1+ lineage, identifying functionally distinct cell types present at the maternal–foetal interface. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11414 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  Enhanced nonlinear interactions in quantum optomechanics via mechanical amplification OPEN Marc-Antoine Lemonde, Nicolas Didier and Aashish A. Clerk Optomechanics harnesses the interaction between mechanical resonators and light, but weak matter–single-photon interactions limit studies to the linear regime. Here, the authors show that the interaction can be enhanced by modulating the spring constant of the resonator. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11338 Physical Sciences  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  Foldamer-mediated manipulation of a pre-amyloid toxin OPEN Sunil Kumar, Melissa Birol, Diana E. Schlamadinger, Slawomir P. Wojcik, Elizabeth Rhoades and Andrew D. Miranker Intrinsically disordered proteins that form amyloid fibrils are hard to target with traditional therapeutic approaches. Here, the authors report on an oligoquinoline derivative that binds the human islet amyloid polypeptide, stabilising an alpha-helical structure that reduces its cellular toxicity. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11412 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Chemical biology  Medicinal chemistry  A genetic basis for the variation in the vulnerability of cancer to DNA damage OPEN Brian D. Yard, Drew J. Adams, Eui Kyu Chie, Pablo Tamayo, Jessica S. Battaglia, Priyanka Gopal, Kevin Rogacki, Bradley E. Pearson, James Phillips, Daniel P. Raymond, Nathan A. Pennell, Francisco Almeida, Jaime H. Cheah, Paul A. Clemons, Alykhan Shamji, Craig D. Peacock, Stuart L. Schreiber, Peter S. Hammerman and Mohamed E. Abazeed The variability in patient response to radiation treatment is difficult to predict. Here, using more than 500 cell lines the authors measure response to radiation exposure and a large panel of compounds, and show that response can be predicted by genetic alterations of the cells. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11428 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Genetics  Insights into the activation mechanism of class I HDAC complexes by inositol phosphates OPEN Peter J. Watson, Christopher J. Millard, Andrew M. Riley, Naomi S. Robertson, Lyndsey C. Wright, Himali Y. Godage, Shaun M. Cowley, Andrew G. Jamieson, Barry V. L. Potter and John W. R. Schwabe Class I histone deacetylase complexes can be activated by inositol phosphates. Here, the authors investigate the stereochemical requirements for activation; use the crystal structure to understand substrate recognition, and suggest an entropically driven mechanism of allostery. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11262 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Molecular biology  miRNA863-3p sequentially targets negative immune regulator ARLPKs and positive regulator SERRATE upon bacterial infection OPEN Dongdong Niu, Yifan E. Lii, Padmanabhan Chellappan, Lei Lei, Karl Peralta, Chunhao Jiang, Jianhua Guo, Gitta Coaker and Hailing Jin Small RNA plays an important role in regulating the plant defence against bacterial pathogens. Here the authors propose that miR863-3p acts to fine-tune the timing of defence responses by sequentially silencing negative and positive regulators of the plant immune response. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11324 Biological Sciences  Plant sciences  The obesity-induced transcriptional regulator TRIP-Br2 mediates visceral fat endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced inflammation OPEN Guifen Qiang, Hyerim Whang Kong, Difeng Fang, Maximilian McCann, Xiuying Yang, Guanhua Du, Matthias Blüher, Jinfang Zhu and Chong Wee Liew Visceral and subcutaneous fat are associated with different metabolic risk, but mediators of such depot specific effects are not very well known. Here the authors identify the transcriptional regulator, TRIP-Br2, as a regulator of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced inflammatory responses specifically in visceral fat. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11378 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Medical research  Mechanical cell competition kills cells via induction of lethal p53 levels OPEN Laura Wagstaff, Maja Goschorska, Kasia Kozyrska, Guillaume Duclos, Iwo Kucinski, Anatole Chessel, Lea Hampton-O’Neil, Charles R. Bradshaw, George E. Allen, Emma L. Rawlins, Pascal Silberzan, Rafael E. Carazo Salas and Eugenia Piddini Cell competition is a quality control mechanism to eliminate unfit cells. Here the authors show that physical compaction of less fit cells surrounded by healthy neighbours leads to increased expression of tumour suppressor p53 in the compacted cells, causing cell death. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11373 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Arabidopsis PROTEASOME REGULATOR1 is required for auxin-mediated suppression of proteasome activity and regulates auxin signalling OPEN Bao-Jun Yang, Xin-Xin Han, Lin-Lin Yin, Mei-Qing Xing, Zhi-Hong Xu and Hong-Wei Xue Plant responses to auxin require proteasome-mediated degradation of Aux/IAA transcriptional repressor proteins. Here, Yang et al. show that auxin suppresses proteasome activity in a manner dependent on the proteasome regulator PTRE1 and propose a mechanism for fine tuning Aux/IAA homoeostasis. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11388 Biological Sciences  Plant sciences  Network dynamics in nanofilled polymers OPEN Guilhem P. Baeza, Claudia Dessi, Salvatore Costanzo, Dan Zhao, Shushan Gong, Angel Alegria, Ralph H. Colby, Michael Rubinstein, Dimitris Vlassopoulos and Sanat K. Kumar The mixture of nanoparticles and polymers can dramatically alter the dynamics of the resulting system, but the detail is still under debate. Here, Baeza et al. show the formation of a percolated network by polymer bridging between adjacent nanoparticles as nanoparticle concentration increases. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11368 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Physical chemistry  Dysregulation of miRNAs-COUP-TFII-FOXM1-CENPF axis contributes to the metastasis of prostate cancer OPEN Shih-Chieh Lin, Chung-Yang Kao, Hui-Ju Lee, Chad J. Creighton, Michael M. Ittmann, Shaw-Jenq Tsai, Sophia Y. Tsai and Ming-Jer Tsai The orphan nuclear receptor COUP-TFII is highly expressed in metastatic prostate cancers and its overexpression accelerates prostate tumour progression in mouse models. Here, the author show that that loss of miR-101 and miR-27a in prostate cancer cells can lead to COUP-TFII expression which in turn directly regulates FOXM1 and CENPF favouring prostate cancer metastasis. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11418 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Cell biology  Contrasting effects of defaunation on aboveground carbon storage across the global tropics OPEN Anand M. Osuri, Jayashree Ratnam, Varun Varma, Patricia Alvarez-Loayza, Johanna Hurtado Astaiza, Matt Bradford, Christine Fletcher, Mireille Ndoundou-Hockemba, Patrick A. Jansen, David Kenfack, Andrew R. Marshall, B. R. Ramesh, Francesco Rovero and Mahesh Sankaran Defaunation is linked to the decline of tree species that depend on large animals for seed dispersal, but it is unclear if this affects carbon storage. Here the authors show that defaunation effects on carbon storage vary across continents, driven by relationships between seed dispersal strategies and adult tree size. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11351 Biological Sciences  Biogeochemistry  Ecology  Plant sciences  Phosphotransferase-dependent accumulation of (p)ppGpp in response to glutamine deprivation in Caulobacter crescentus OPEN Séverin Ronneau, Kenny Petit, Xavier De Bolle and Régis Hallez The small molecule (p)ppGpp is commonly produced by bacteria as a signal of nutrient starvation. Here, Ronneau et al. show that (p)ppGpp accumulation in the model bacterium Caulobacter crescentus is modulated by a nitrogen-related phosphotransferase system in response to glutamine deprivation. 25 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11423 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Microbiology  Hallmarks of the Mott-metal crossover in the hole-doped pseudospin-1/2 Mott insulator Sr2IrO4 OPEN Yue Cao, Qiang Wang, Justin A. Waugh, Theodore J. Reber, Haoxiang Li, Xiaoqing Zhou, Stephen Parham, S.-R. Park, Nicholas C. Plumb, Eli Rotenberg, Aaron Bostwick, Jonathan D. Denlinger, Tongfei Qi, Michael A. Hermele, Gang Cao and Daniel S. Dessau The physics of Mott insulators is obscured by the interplay between competing orders and fluctuations. Here, the authors track the evolution of the electronic structure of Mott insulator strontium iridate as the iridium atoms are replaced by rhodium, providing insight into this exotic state of matter. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11367 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Solid–solid phase transitions via melting in metals OPEN S. Pogatscher, D. Leutenegger, J. E. K. Schawe, P. J. Uggowitzer and J. F. Löffler Solid–solid phase transition via an intermediate liquid state has been identified in colloidal systems, but the universality of the phenomenon at atomic scales has not yet been proved. Pogatscher et al. observe a similar transition in a metallic glass system using fast differential scanning calorimetry. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11113 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  No inter-gyre pathway for sea-surface temperature anomalies in the North Atlantic OPEN Nicholas P. Foukal and M. Susan Lozier It has been proposed that sea-surface temperature (SST) anomalies along the Gulf Stream aid regional climate predictions months to years in advance. Here, the authors show that a surface pathway for SST anomalies does not exist, as Gulf Stream waters reach higher latitudes by sub-surface pathways. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11333 Earth Sciences  Climate science  Oceanography  Selective inhibition of the kinase DYRK1A by targeting its folding process OPEN Isao Kii, Yuto Sumida, Toshiyasu Goto, Rie Sonamoto, Yukiko Okuno, Suguru Yoshida, Tomoe Kato-Sumida, Yuka Koike, Minako Abe, Yosuke Nonaka, Teikichi Ikura, Nobutoshi Ito, Hiroshi Shibuya, Takamitsu Hosoya and Masatoshi Hagiwara Kinase inhibitors are important drugs and usually target the ATP binding pocket of kinases. Here, Kii et al. report a completely new type of kinase inhibitor that specifically targets the protein folding intermediate state, but not the mature form, of the protein kinase DYRK1A. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11391 Biological Sciences  Chemical biology  Structural correlates of affinity in fetal versus adult endplate nicotinic receptors OPEN Tapan Kumar Nayak, Srirupa Chakraborty, Wenjun Zheng and Anthony Auerbach Adult and fetal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) have different functional requirements and affinity for ACh. Here, the authors use molecular dynamics and electrophysiology to investigate this affinity, and identify four amino acids that when swapped exchange function between adult and fetal AChRs. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11352 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Neuroscience  Electron–vibration coupling induced renormalization in the photoemission spectrum of diamondoids OPEN Adam Gali, Tamás Demján, Márton Vörös, Gergő Thiering, Elena Cannuccia and Andrea Marini The electron–vibration coupling is essential to describe the photoelectron properties of molecules. Here, the authors show theoretically and experimentally that the electron–vibration coupling is very large in diamonoids, and link the deduced vibronic states to the well-known Jahn–Teller effect. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11327 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Physical chemistry  The Gonium pectorale genome demonstrates co-option of cell cycle regulation during the evolution of multicellularity OPEN Erik R. Hanschen, Tara N. Marriage, Patrick J. Ferris, Takashi Hamaji, Atsushi Toyoda, Asao Fujiyama, Rafik Neme, Hideki Noguchi, Yohei Minakuchi, Masahiro Suzuki, Hiroko Kawai-Toyooka, David R. Smith, Halle Sparks, Jaden Anderson, Robert Bakarić, Victor Luria, Amir Karger, Marc W. Kirschner, Pierre M. Durand, Richard E. Michod et al. The undifferentiated Gonium pectorale represents the initial transition to multicellularity. Here, Bradley Olson, Erik Hanschen and colleagues describe the genome of Gonium pectorale, demonstrating that co-option of the retinoblastoma cell cycle regulatory pathway was a key genetic change in the evolution of multicellularity. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11370 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics  Scalable salt-templated synthesis of two-dimensional transition metal oxides OPEN Xu Xiao, Huaibing Song, Shizhe Lin, Ying Zhou, Xiaojun Zhan, Zhimi Hu, Qi Zhang, Jiyu Sun, Bo Yang, Tianqi Li, Liying Jiao, Jun Zhou, Jiang Tang and Yury Gogotsi Two-dimensional atomic crystals are known to be effective electrode materials for energy storage applications. Here, the authors report the preparation of various two-dimensional metal oxides, including those which do not have a layered parent structure, via a salt templating strategy. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11296 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Essential role for a novel population of binucleated mammary epithelial cells in lactation OPEN Anne C. Rios, Nai Yang Fu, Paul R. Jamieson, Bhupinder Pal, Lachlan Whitehead, Kevin R. Nicholas, Geoffrey J. Lindeman and Jane E. Visvader The main function of the mammary gland is to produce milk to sustain offspring. Here, the authors show that secretory alveolar cells in the lactating gland in several species are binucleated, which increases milk production, and that binucleation is regulated by Aurora kinase-A and Polo-like kinase-1. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11400 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology  Awake dynamics and brain-wide direct inputs of hypothalamic MCH and orexin networks OPEN J. Antonio González, Panagiota Iordanidou, Molly Strom, Antoine Adamantidis and Denis Burdakov Hypothalamic neurons expressing melanin-concentrating-hormone (MCH) maintain body weight by orchestrating behaviour and metabolism, but little is known about their intrinsic regulation. Here, Gonzalez and colleagues reveal their behaviour-related dynamics during wakefulness, and map their brain-wide neural inputs. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11395 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  The molecular basis of the genesis of basal tone in internal anal sphincter OPEN Cheng-Hai Zhang, Pei Wang, Dong-Hai Liu, Cai-Ping Chen, Wei Zhao, Xin Chen, Chen Chen, Wei-Qi He, Yan-Ning Qiao, Tao Tao, Jie Sun, Ya-Jing Peng, Ping Lu, Kaizhi Zheng, Siobhan M. Craige, Lawrence M. Lifshitz, John F. Keaney Jr, Kevin E. Fogarty, Ronghua ZhuGe and Min-Sheng Zhu The molecular basis of the basal tone generated by internal anal sphincters (IAS) is largely unknown. Here, the authors show that the tone arises from a global rise in intracellular Ca2+ in smooth muscle cells via a Ryanodine receptor-TMEM16A-L-type Ca2+ channel-MLC kinase pathway, suggesting a potential therapy for IAS motility disorders. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11358 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Statistical moments of quantum-walk dynamics reveal topological quantum transitions OPEN Filippo Cardano, Maria Maffei, Francesco Massa, Bruno Piccirillo, Corrado de Lisio, Giulio De Filippis, Vittorio Cataudella, Enrico Santamato and Lorenzo Marrucci Topological phases play a fundamental role in a variety of physical systems, yet there is a lack of efficient tools for revealing the occurrence of associated quantum transitions. Here, Cardano et al. report that such transitions can be identified in the statistics of quantum-walk dynamics and validate this idea in a photonic experimental implementation. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11439 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Optical physics  Theoretical physics  Ion selectivity of graphene nanopores OPEN Ryan C. Rollings, Aaron T. Kuan and Jene A. Golovchenko Sub-nanometer graphene nanopores are usually required to create graphene-based reverse osmosis membranes. Here, Rollings et al. show that membranes with larger pores are highly ion selective and a hundred times more permeable to potassium ions than to chloride ions, making them useful for electrodialysis. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11408 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Rifampin phosphotransferase is an unusual antibiotic resistance kinase OPEN Peter J. Stogios, Georgina Cox, Peter Spanogiannopoulos, Monica C. Pillon, Nicholas Waglechner, Tatiana Skarina, Kalinka Koteva, Alba Guarné, Alexei Savchenko and Gerard D. Wright Antibiotic resistance is a major clinical problem that threatens to undermine our ability to control infectious diseases. Here the authors present detailed structural analysis of Rifampin phosphotransferase from Listeria monocytogenes, yielding insight on how this class of enzyme inactivates its target antibiotics. 22 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11343 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Microbiology  CRL4Wdr70 regulates H2B monoubiquitination and facilitates Exo1-dependent resection OPEN Ming Zeng, Laifeng Ren, Ken'Ichi Mizuno, Konstantinos Nestoras, Haibin Wang, Zizhi Tang, Liandi Guo, Daochun Kong, Qiwen Hu, Qun He, Lilin Du, Antony M. Carr and Cong Liu The repair of double-strand DNA breaks by homologous recombination requires resection of the DNA ends. Here the authors show that in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and human cells, Wdr70 is recruited as part of the CRL4 complex to promote ubiquitination of H2B and allow Exo1-mediated resection. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11364 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Rational design of efficient electrode–electrolyte interfaces for solid-state energy storage using ion soft landing OPEN Venkateshkumar Prabhakaran, B. Layla Mehdi, Jeffrey J. Ditto, Mark H. Engelhard, Bingbing Wang, K. Don D. Gunaratne, David C. Johnson, Nigel D. Browning, Grant E. Johnson and Julia Laskin The design and understanding of electrode–electrolyte interfaces is important for the development of improved energy storage devices. Here, the authors study the controlled deposition of molybdenum polyoxometalate anions onto carbon nanotube electrodes, and show this can result in increased specific capacitance. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11399 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Physical chemistry  Nanoscale electron transport at the surface of a topological insulator OPEN Sebastian Bauer and Christian A. Bobisch Topological insulators offer lossless surface transport because of the suppression of conduction-electron backscattering from defect sites. Here, the authors show that the nanoscale voltage drops caused by such scattering can be directly measured using scanning tunnelling potentiometry. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11381 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Nanotechnology  Virtual memory T cells develop and mediate bystander protective immunity in an IL-15-dependent manner OPEN Jason T. White, Eric W. Cross, Matthew A. Burchill, Thomas Danhorn, Martin D. McCarter, Hugo R. Rosen, Brian O’Connor and Ross M. Kedl Virtual memory T cells are CD8 T cells with memory phenotype present in unimmunized mice. Here the authors show that these cells have higher affinity for self-antigen, depend on IL-15 for proliferation and antigen-non-specific cytotoxicity in mice, and that a similar population exists in humans. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11291 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Phonon arithmetic in a trapped ion system OPEN Mark Um, Junhua Zhang, Dingshun Lv, Yao Lu, Shuoming An, Jing-Ning Zhang, Hyunchul Nha, M. S. Kim and Kihwan Kim Single-quantum level operations are important tools for engineering desired quantum states, but they are inherently probabilistic operations with low experimental success rate. Here, the authors demonstrate near deterministic addition and subtraction of a single phonon of motion in a trapped Yb ion. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11410 Physical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Adipose tissue mTORC2 regulates ChREBP-driven de novo lipogenesis and hepatic glucose metabolism OPEN Yuefeng Tang, Martina Wallace, Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches, Wen-Yu Hsiao, Huawei Li, Peter L. Lee, Santiago Vernia, Christian M. Metallo and David A. Guertin The kinase mTOR controls anabolic metabolism. Here, the authors create fat-specific mTORC2 knockout mice using the Adiponectin-Cre driver and show mTORC2 signalling is important for systemic metabolic homeostasis by controlling adipocyte de novo lipogenesis and glucose uptake. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11365 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Medical research  Real-time quantification of protein expression at the single-cell level via dynamic protein synthesis translocation reporters OPEN Delphine Aymoz, Victoria Wosika, Eric Durandau and Serge Pelet Single cells can display large heterogeneity in gene induction. Here, Aymoz et al. present an expression reporter based on protein translocation that can accurately measure both the levels and dynamics of protein synthesis in live single cells with a temporal resolution of less than one minute. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11304 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Molecular biology  Ancient horizontal transfers of retrotransposons between birds and ancestors of human pathogenic nematodes OPEN Alexander Suh, Christopher C. Witt, Juliana Menger, Keren R. Sadanandan, Lars Podsiadlowski, Michael Gerth, Anne Weigert, Jimmy A. McGuire, Joann Mudge, Scott V. Edwards and Frank E. Rheindt Lymphatic filariasis and loiasis are diseases caused by insect-borne filarial nematodes. Here, Suh et al. identify a retrotransposon that is present in the genomes of these nematodes and seven tropical bird lineages, indicating two waves of horizontal gene transfer around 17–25 million years ago. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11396 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics  Energy efficiency trade-offs drive nucleotide usage in transcribed regions OPEN Wei-Hua Chen, Guanting Lu, Peer Bork, Songnian Hu and Martin J. Lercher Substantial cellular resources are devoted to nucleotide biosynthesis. Here the authors propose that transcribed regions prefer ‘cheaper’ nucleotides, which appears true for synonymous sites, although more expensive nucleotides coding for cheaper amino acids are selected for at non-synonymous sites. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11334 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Molecular biology  Epidermal Notch1 recruits RORγ+ group 3 innate lymphoid cells to orchestrate normal skin repair OPEN Zhi Li, Tom Hodgkinson, Elizabeth J. Gothard, Soulmaz Boroumand, Rebecca Lamb, Ian Cummins, Priyanka Narang, Amy Sawtell, Jenny Coles, German Leonov, Andrea Reboldi, Christopher D. Buckley, Tom Cupedo, Christian Siebel, Ardeshir Bayat, Mark C. Coles and Carrie A. Ambler In normal skin, Notch directs keratinocytes to terminally differentiate. Here the authors show that Notch1 has a wider role in skin repair; Notch1 is activated in keratinocytes after damage and drives transcription of TNFα and inflammatory chemokines, which in turn recruit ILC3s and macrophages that promote repair. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11394 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Immunology  Untangling the brain’s neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative transcriptional responses OPEN Karpagam Srinivasan, Brad A. Friedman, Jessica L. Larson, Benjamin E. Lauffer, Leonard D. Goldstein, Laurie L. Appling, Jovencio Borneo, Chungkee Poon, Terence Ho, Fang Cai, Pascal Steiner, Marcel P. van der Brug, Zora Modrusan, Joshua S. Kaminker and David V. Hansen Whole tissue RNA profiling can help identify altered molecular pathways underlying neurodegenerative disease, but often masks cell type-specific transcriptional changes. Here, the authors compare transcriptomes of neurons, astrocytes, and microglia from Alzheimer's disease model brains and identify hundreds of cell-type specific changes. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11295 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Inhibitory interactions promote frequent bistability among competing bacteria OPEN Erik S. Wright and Kalin H. Vetsigian We know little about the effect of relationships between species on the assembly of microbial communities. Here the authors map pairwise invasion relations between bacteria and find that instead of one strain dominating, inhibitory interactions mean that often neither strain can invade the other. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11274 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Microbiology  Systems biology  A SAM oligomerization domain shapes the genomic binding landscape of the LEAFY transcription factor OPEN Camille Sayou, Max H. Nanao, Marc Jamin, David Posé, Emmanuel Thévenon, Laura Grégoire, Gabrielle Tichtinsky, Grégoire Denay, Felix Ott, Marta Peirats Llobet, Markus Schmid, Renaud Dumas and François Parcy The LEAFY transcription factor is a master regulator of flower development in plants. Here the authors describe the structure of a LEAFY oligomerization domain and show that mutations that disrupt oligomerization alter its capacity to bind low affinity and poorly accessible target sites. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11222 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Plant sciences  Identification of a new electron-transfer relaxation pathway in photoexcited pyrrole dimers OPEN Simon P. Neville, Oliver M. Kirkby, Nikolas Kaltsoyannis, Graham A. Worth and Helen H. Fielding Photoinduced electron transfer through, and between, pyrrole moieties is an important process both in the natural world and emerging technologies. Here, the authors use both experiment and theoretical calculation to investigate a previously undiscovered relaxation pathway arising in pyrrole dimers. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11357 Chemical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Biophysics  Physical chemistry  Nonadditivity of critical Casimir forces OPEN Sathyanarayana Paladugu, Agnese Callegari, Yazgan Tuna, Lukas Barth, Siegfried Dietrich, Andrea Gambassi and Giovanni Volpe The critical Casimir force, rising from fluctuating field confined between surfaces, is predicted to be nonadditive, but there is no experimental verification to date. Here the authors provide data support by quantifying the forces between three interacting colloidal particles using holographic traps. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11403 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Optical physics  Location-dependent synaptic plasticity rules by dendritic spine cooperativity OPEN Jens P. Weber, Bertalan K. Andrásfalvy, Marina Polito, Ádám Magó, Balázs B. Ujfalussy and Judit K. Makara Inputs to functionally related synapses have been suggested to show cooperative summation, although the rules governing these interactions are unclear. Here, Weber et al. uncover non-linear interactions dependent on NMDAR signalling that vary across the proximal-distal axis of individual dendrites. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11380 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Size-dependent phase transition in methylammonium lead iodide perovskite microplate crystals OPEN Dehui Li, Gongming Wang, Hung-Chieh Cheng, Chih-Yen Chen, Hao Wu, Yuan Liu, Yu Huang and Xiangfeng Duan The orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition in perovskite can alter its optical and electronic properties. Here, Li et al. report an investigation of the size dependent orthorhombic-to-tetragonal phase transition and show that the phase transition temperature decreases with reducing microplate thickness. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11330 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  Optical physics  Realistic noise-tolerant randomness amplification using finite number of devices OPEN Fernando G. S. L. Brandão, Ravishankar Ramanathan, Andrzej Grudka, Karol Horodecki, Michał Horodecki, Paweł Horodecki, Tomasz Szarek and Hanna Wojewódka Quantum mechanics allows to generate nearly ideal random strings from initially weak random sources, important for security of data systems, but this remains elusive in practice. Here the authors propose a realistic, error-tolerant and secure protocol for randomness amplification of arbitrary bits. 21 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11345 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  Molecular requirements for the inter-subunit interaction and kinetochore recruitment of SKAP and Astrin OPEN Alexandra Friese, Alex C. Faesen, Pim J. Huis in ‘t Veld, Josef Fischböck, Daniel Prumbaum, Arsen Petrovic, Stefan Raunser, Franz Herzog and Andrea Musacchio SKAP and Astrin form a heterodimer that localizes to spindle microtubules and to mature microtubule-kinetochore attachments during mitosis. Here, the authors identify molecular requirements for the inter-subunit interaction of SKAP and Astrin and kinetochore recruitment. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11407 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Non-equilibrium induction of tin in germanium: towards direct bandgap Ge1−xSnx nanowires OPEN Subhajit Biswas, Jessica Doherty, Dzianis Saladukha, Quentin Ramasse, Dipanwita Majumdar, Moneesh Upmanyu, Achintya Singha, Tomasz Ochalski, Michael A. Morris and Justin D. Holmes Direct band gap nanostructures compatible with Si-based electronics are actively investigated. Here, Biswas et al. incorporate unusually large amounts of tin in germanium nanowires by non-equilibrium kinetic trapping, and optical characterizations suggest that the nanowires exhibit a direct band gap. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11405 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Physical chemistry  A nine-atom rhodium–aluminum oxide cluster oxidizes five carbon monoxide molecules OPEN Xiao-Na Li, Hua-Min Zhang, Zhen Yuan and Sheng-Gui He Noble metals can promote the stable lattice oxygen of metal oxides to take part in oxidation reactions. Here, the authors report the preparation and reactivity of rhodium-aluminum oxide cluster ions, in which the rhodium ion promotes the transfer of five oxygen atoms from a nine-atom parent cluster to oxidize carbon monoxide. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11404 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Physical chemistry  Hypoxia regulates global membrane protein endocytosis through caveolin-1 in cancer cells OPEN E. Bourseau-Guilmain, J. A. Menard, E. Lindqvist, V. Indira Chandran, H. C. Christianson, M. Cerezo Magaña, J. Lidfeldt, G. Marko-Varga, C. Welinder and M. Belting Hypoxia promotes tumour aggressiveness and resistance of cancers to oncological treatment. Here, the authors show that caveolin-1 can down-regulate global membrane protein endocytosis in hypoxic cells with potential implications for targeting the hypoxic microenvironment of aggressive tumours. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11371 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Cell biology  Molecular biology  Identification of pyrazolopyridazinones as PDEδ inhibitors OPEN Björn Papke, Sandip Murarka, Holger A Vogel, Pablo Martín-Gago, Marija Kovacevic, Dina C Truxius, Eyad K Fansa, Shehab Ismail, Gunther Zimmermann, Kaatje Heinelt, Carsten Schultz-Fademrecht, Alaa Al Saabi, Matthias Baumann, Peter Nussbaumer, Alfred Wittinghofer, Herbert Waldmann and Philippe I.H. Bastiaens PDEδ is a widely expressed factor that sustains the spatial organization and signalling of Ras family proteins. Here the authors describe the activity of Deltazinone 1, a new highly selective PDEδ inhibitor of KRAS-dependent cancer cell growth with low cytotoxic side effects. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11360 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Cell biology  Chemical biology  Whi5 phosphorylation embedded in the G1/S network dynamically controls critical cell size and cell fate OPEN Pasquale Palumbo, Marco Vanoni, Valerio Cusimano, Stefano Busti, Francesca Marano, Costanzo Manes and Lilia Alberghina In budding yeast the G1/S transition requires the attainment of a critical cell size. Here the authors unravel its basic control mechanism by integrating simulations of a mathematical model of multisite phosphorylation of Whi5 by Cln3–Cdk1, with molecular analyses of a Whi5 phospho-mimetic mutant. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11372 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Systems biology  Cell-cycle-independent transitions in temporal identity of mammalian neural progenitor cells OPEN Mayumi Okamoto, Takaki Miyata, Daijiro Konno, Hiroki R. Ueda, Takeya Kasukawa, Mitsuhiro Hashimoto, Fumio Matsuzaki and Ayano Kawaguchi The molecular mechanisms determining the temporal identity patterns of self-renewing progenitors during cerebral development are largely unclear. Here, using single cell transcriptome analyses, the authors find progenitor temporal identity arises independent of cell-cycle progression and Notch activation. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11349 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Neuroscience  Nanostructured photoelectrochemical solar cell for nitrogen reduction using plasmon-enhanced black silicon OPEN Muataz Ali, Fengling Zhou, Kun Chen, Christopher Kotzur, Changlong Xiao, Laure Bourgeois, Xinyi Zhang and Douglas R. MacFarlane In nature, nitrogen fixation is achieved via light-dependent nitrogenases, but industrial photochemical conversion of nitrogen into ammonia has so far proven inefficient. Here, the authors describe a nanostructured black silicon photoelectrochemical cell that can catalyse the process using solar energy. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11335 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Materials science  Quantum simulation of the Hubbard model with dopant atoms in silicon OPEN J. Salfi, J. A. Mol, R. Rahman, G. Klimeck, M. Y. Simmons, L. C. L. Hollenberg and S. Rogge The goal of quantum simulation is to probe many-body phenomena in controlled systems, but Fermi-Hubbard phenomena are typically hard to simulate in cold atomic. Here, the authors simulate them with subsurface dopants in silicon, achieving a low effective temperature and reading out spin states with STM. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11342 Physical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Condensed matter  Laser spectroscopic probing of coexisting superfluid and insulating states of an atomic Bose–Hubbard system OPEN Shinya Kato, Kensuke Inaba, Seiji Sugawa, Kosuke Shibata, Ryuta Yamamoto, Makoto Yamashita and Yoshiro Takahashi A system of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice can be used as a quantum simulator for the Hubbard model with high controllability. Here, the authors report a laser spectroscopy study of an ytterbium ultracold bosonic gas across the weakly to strongly interacting regime. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11341 Physical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Low excitatory innervation balances high intrinsic excitability of immature dentate neurons OPEN Cristina V. Dieni, Roberto Panichi, James B. Aimone, Chay T. Kuo, Jacques I. Wadiche and Linda Overstreet-Wadiche Immature dentate gyrus neurons are highly excitable and are thought to be more responsive to afferent activity than mature neurons. Here, the authors find stimulation of the entorhinal cortex paradoxically generates spiking in mature rather than immature neurons due to low synaptic connectivity of immature cells. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11313 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Experimental realization of Bloch oscillations in a parity-time synthetic silicon photonic lattice OPEN Ye-Long Xu, William S. Fegadolli, Lin Gan, Ming-Hui Lu, Xiao-Ping Liu, Zhi-Yuan Li, Axel Scherer and Yan-Feng Chen Bloch oscillations are a fundamental electron transport phenomenon in condensed matter. Here, the authors experimentally realize spatial Bloch oscillations in a non-Hermitian integrated photonic system using CMOS compatible fabrication processes, contributing to improving the understanding of non-Hermitian transport phenomena. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11319 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Optical physics  miR-3188 regulates nasopharyngeal carcinoma proliferation and chemosensitivity through a FOXO1-modulated positive feedback loop with mTOR–p-PI3K/AKT-c-JUN OPEN Mengyang Zhao, Rongcheng Luo, Yiyi Liu, Linyuan Gao, Zhaojian Fu, Qiaofen Fu, Xiaojun Luo, Yiyu Chen, Xiaojie Deng, Zixi Liang, Xin Li, Chao Cheng, Zhen Liu and Weiyi Fang Although miR-related mechanisms have been implicated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a precise role for miR-3188 has not been reported in this context. Here, Zhao et al. show that FOXO1-induced miR-3188 acts as a tumour suppressor in NPC by regulating the axis mTOR/PI3K/Akt/c-Jun. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11309 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Molecular biology  Polarization-controlled directional scattering for nanoscopic position sensing OPEN Martin Neugebauer, Paweł Woźniak, Ankan Bag, Gerd Leuchs and Peter Banzer High-refractive-index nanoantennas support magnetic and electric resonances that can be excited with structured light. Here, the authors exploit the interference of such resonances to achieve strong lateral directionality of the emission and utilize this effect for nanoscopic position sensing. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11286 Physical Sciences  Nanotechnology  Optical physics    Nature Communications JOBS of the week Postdoctoral Fellow Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Postdoctoral Research Scientist Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute in Glasgow University Postdoctoral Fellow University of Connecticut Postdoctoral Research Assistant University of Dundee International PhD Fellowship Program Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Post-doctoral Research Scientist The Pirbright Institute Research Fellowship LE STUDIUM Postdoctor Researcher McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School Group leader Institut Curie Research Fellow The University of Warwick More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT Horizons of Cancer Biology and Therapy Inaugural Symposium 07.09.16 Lausanne, Switzerland More science events from       Latest Corrigenda     Corrigendum: Emerging roles of ARHGAP33 in intracellular trafficking of TrkB and pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders OPEN Takanobu Nakazawa, Ryota Hashimoto, Kazuto Sakoori, Yuki Sugaya, Asami Tanimura, Yuki Hashimotodani, Kazutaka Ohi, Hidenaga Yamamori, Yuka Yasuda, Satomi Umeda-Yano, Yuji Kiyama, Kohtarou Konno, Takeshi Inoue, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Takafumi Inoue, Shusuke Numata, Tohru Ohnuma, Nakao Iwata, Norio Ozaki, Hitoshi Hashimoto et al. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11466 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience      Corrigendum: LSD1 is essential for oocyte meiotic progression by regulating CDC25B expression in mice OPEN Jeesun Kim, Anup Kumar Singh, Yoko Takata, Kevin Lin, Jianjun Shen, Yue Lu, Marc A. Kerenyi, Stuart H. Orkin and Taiping Chen 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11467 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Developmental biology      Corrigendum: Rapid antibiotic-resistance predictions from genome sequence data for Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis OPEN Phelim Bradley, N. Claire Gordon, Timothy M. Walker, Laura Dunn, Simon Heys, Bill Huang, Sarah Earle, Louise J. Pankhurst, Luke Anson, Mariateresa de Cesare, Paolo Piazza, Antonina A. Votintseva, Tanya Golubchik, Daniel J. Wilson, David H. Wyllie, Roland Diel, Stefan Niemann, Silke Feuerriegel, Thomas A. Kohl, Nazir Ismail et al. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11465 Biological Sciences  Bioinformatics  Genetics  Microbiology      Corrigendum: Delivery of therapeutic agents by nanoparticles made of grapefruit-derived lipids OPEN Qilong Wang, Xiaoying Zhuang, Jingyao Mu, Zhong-Bin Deng, Hong Jiang, Lifeng Zhang, Xiaoyu Xiang, Baomei Wang, Jun Yan, Donald Miller and Huang-Ge Zhang 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11347 Biological Sciences  Biotechnology  Medical research      Corrigendum: Open access resources for genome-wide association mapping in rice OPEN Susan R. McCouch, Mark H. Wright, Chih-Wei Tung, Lyza G. Maron, Kenneth L. McNally, Melissa Fitzgerald, Namrata Singh, Genevieve DeClerck, Francisco Agosto Perez, Pavel Korniliev, Anthony J. Greenberg, Ma. Elizabeth B. Naredo, Sheila Mae Q. Mercado, Sandra E. Harrington, Yuxin Shi, Darcy A. Branchini, Paula R. Kuser-Falcão, Hei Leung, Kowaru Ebana, Masahiro Yano et al. 20 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11346 Biological Sciences  Biotechnology  Medical research        Latest Erratum     Erratum: Oxygen depletion recorded in upper waters of the glacial Southern Ocean OPEN Zunli Lu, Babette A. A. Hoogakker, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Xiaoli Zhou, Ellen Thomas, Kristina M. Gutchness, Wanyi Lu, Luke Jones and Rosalind E. M. Rickaby 26 April 2016 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms11531 Earth Sciences  Climate science  Oceanography      Advertisement nature.com webcasts Nature Publishing Group presents a custom webcast on: Overcoming the challenges of NGS-based RNA profiling using limited, precious samples Tuesday May 10, 2016 at 9AM PDT, 12PM EDT, 5PM BST, 6PM CEST Register for the webcast and live Q&A session Sponsored by: HTG Molecular Diagnostics     Advertisement BJC collections: Cancer Immunotherapy Immunotherapies have revolutionised therapy for some cancers. 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