EMBO reports Table of Contents for March 2016; Vol. 17, No. 3

March 2016 | Volume 17, Number 3 Submit Table of Contents Opinion Correspondence News & Views Science & Society Review Scientific Reports Articles Volume 17, Number 3 Opinion “I bet you won't”: The science–society wager on gene editing techniques By proposing a moratorium on human germ line editing using CRISPR, scientists have entered an all‐or‐nothing wager with public opinion. A better approach would be to convene a rational and broad discussion of the fair and ethical application and regulation of gene editing and other new technologies. Matthias Braun and Peter Dabrock Published online 07.02.2016 Correspondence No time to waste on the road to a liberal eugenics? A comment on “No time to waste—the ethical challenges created by CRISPR”. Guenther Witzany Published online 05.02.2016 Carl Woese's worries about the role of bio‐engineering A comment on “No time to waste—the ethical challenges created by CRISPR”. Min‐Liang Wong Published online 05.02.2016 Response by Caplan et al The original authors' response. Arthur L Caplan, Carolyn Plunkett, Brendan Parent, and Michael Shen Published online 05.02.2016 News & Views A new approach to toxin neutralization in Staphylococcus aureus therapy A study in this issue describes an alternative approach to develop anti‐Staphylococcus aureus therapeutics, by targeting a critical group of secreted S. aureus virulence factors: the bi‐component, pore‐forming leukocidins. Dane Parker and Alice Prince Published online 08.02.2016 Science & Society Conservation as vaccination: Integrated approaches to public health and environmental protection could prevent future disease outbreaks The main lesson from the 2015 Ebola outbreak is that we need to increase global preparedness to better deal with zoonotic disease outbreaks. Yet, it might be a more efficient strategy to prevent such zoonotic spillover events in the first place through conservation measures to protect biodiversity and wildlife. David TS Hayman Published online 29.01.2016 Chilling without regrets: Deciphering the effects of cryopreservation on the epigenetic properties of frozen cells will benefit the applications of cryo‐technology Cryopreservation is used widely in medicine and research to store cells and tissues. Surprisingly, the nature and impact of epigenetic changes that result from freezing is not well studied. Research into these changes is urgent to improve the safety and efficacy of cryopreservation for medical applications. Anamika Chatterjee, Debapriya Saha, Birgit Glasmacher, and Nicola Hofmann Published online 11.02.2016 Sophisticated sleep improves our brains: Our advanced cognitive and social skills might derive from the evolution of improved sleep quality; today, sleep therapy could help with mental health issues and learning Sleep contributes to humankind's unique cognitive abilities and our mental and physical health. Recent research on the evolution and importance of sleep suggests that sleep is vital to learning and could become an important component of therapies for various mental disorders. Philip Hunter Published online 08.02.2016 Review The ubiquitin signal and autophagy: an orchestrated dance leading to mitochondrial degradation The quality of mitochondria, essential organelles that produce ATP and regulate numerous metabolic pathways, must be strictly monitored to maintain cell homeostasis. In this review, we highlight our current understanding of the detailed molecular mechanisms governing Parkin‐/PINK1‐mediated mitophagy and the evidences connecting Parkin/PINK1 function and mitochondrial clearance in neurons. Koji Yamano, Noriyuki Matsuda, and Keiji Tanaka Published online 08.02.2016 Scientific Reports Chromosome misalignments induce spindle‐positioning defects Chromosome misalignments result in the cortical displacement of LGN, followed by defects in spindle positioning. The disruption of cortical LGN is caused by kinetochore‐associated PLK1 on the uncongressed chromosomes. Mihoko A Tame, Jonne A Raaijmakers, Pavel Afanasyev, and René H Medema Published online 04.02.2016 A non‐canonical function of Plk4 in centriolar satellite integrity and ciliogenesis through PCM1 phosphorylation This study establishes a role for Plk4 in maintaining the integrity of centriolar satellites. Plk4 binds and phosphorylates PCM1, thereby ensuring self‐dimerisation of PCM1 and interaction with other satellite components. Akiko Hori, Karin Barnouin, Ambrosius P Snijders, and Takashi Toda Published online 11.01.2016 CRISPR/Cas9‐induced disruption of gene expression in mouse embryonic brain and single neural stem cells in vivo This study shows that the CRISPR/Cas9 system can be used to disrupt gene expression in single neural stem cells and their progeny in the embryonic mammalian brain in vivo. This can be achieved by electroporation of a single plasmid or of protein complexes. Nereo Kalebic, Elena Taverna, Stefania Tavano, Fong Kuan Wong, Dana Suchold, Sylke Winkler, Wieland B Huttner, and Mihail Sarov Published online 12.01.2016 Articles NAT10 regulates p53 activation through acetylating p53 at K120 and ubiquitinating Mdm2 NAT10 acts as an E3 ligase for Mdm2 to promote Mdm2 degradation and stabilizes p53 under normal conditions. While under DNA damage conditions, NAT10 prevents Mdm2–p53 interaction by binding to p53 and acetylates p53, thus regulating p53‐mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Xiaofeng Liu, Yuqin Tan, Chunfeng Zhang, Ying Zhang, Liangliang Zhang, Pengwei Ren, Hongkui Deng, Jianyuan Luo, Yang Ke, and Xiaojuan Du Published online 05.02.2016 Response to interferons and antibacterial innate immunity in the absence of tyrosine‐phosphorylated STAT1 This study shows that cells and mice expressing an unphosphorylated STAT1Y701F mutant are immunodeficient, but phenotypically distinguishable from Stat1−/− animals. Andrea Majoros, Ekaterini Platanitis, Daniel Szappanos, HyeonJoo Cheon, Claus Vogl, Priyank Shukla, George R Stark, Veronika Sexl, Robert Schreiber, Christian Schindler, Mathias Müller, and Thomas Decker Published online 12.02.2016 Lack of TRPV2 impairs thermogenesis in mouse brown adipose tissue Mice lacking TRPV2 show impaired BAT thermogenesis and are prone to obesity on a high fat diet. TRPV2‐mediated increases in thermogenic gene expression upon β‐adrenergic receptor stimulation might involve intracellular calcium signals. Wuping Sun, Kunitoshi Uchida, Yoshiro Suzuki, Yiming Zhou, Minji Kim, Yasunori Takayama, Nobuyuki Takahashi, Tsuyoshi Goto, Shigeo Wakabayashi, Teruo Kawada, Yuko Iwata, and Makoto Tominaga Published online 11.02.2016 GemC1 controls multiciliogenesis in the airway epithelium GemC1 is required for the differentiation of multiciliated airway epithelial cells. It induces McIdas and FoxJ1 expression, promoting early steps of ciliogenesis. Marina Arbi, Dafni‐Eleftheria Pefani, Christina Kyrousi, Maria‐Eleni Lalioti, Argyro Kalogeropoulou, Anastasios D Papanastasiou, Stavros Taraviras, and Zoi Lygerou Published online 04.02.2016 Feedback regulation between atypical E2Fs and APC/CCdh1 coordinates cell cycle progression This study shows that the APC/C targets E2F7 and E2F8 for degradation, while these atypical E2Fs in their turn activate the APC/C by repressing its main inhibitors. Disturbing this feedback alters the oscillating expression of critical S phase genes and perturbs DNA replication. Michiel Boekhout, Ruixue Yuan, Annelotte P Wondergem, Hendrika A Segeren, Elsbeth A van Liere, Nesibu Awol, Imke Jansen, Rob MF Wolthuis, Alain de Bruin, and Bart Westendorp Published online 05.02.2016 Exploiting dominant‐negative toxins to combat Staphylococcus aureus pathogenesis This study provides evidence of an alternative approach to develop anti‐Staphylococcus aureus therapeutics, by targeting a critical group of secreted S. aureus virulence factors: the bi‐component, pore‐forming leukocidins. Tamara Reyes‐Robles, Ashira Lubkin, Francis Alonzo III, D Borden Lacy, and Victor J Torres Published online 08.02.2016 Attenuation of pattern recognition receptor signaling is mediated by a MAP kinase kinase kinase This study reports a MAP kinase kinase kinase as a negative regulator of pattern recognition receptor signaling and immunity. MKKK7 represses FLS2 signaling upstream of MAPK activation and reactive oxygen species burst. Sharon C Mithoe, Christina Ludwig, Michiel JC Pel, Mara Cucinotta, Alberto Casartelli, Malick Mbengue, Jan Sklenar, Paul Derbyshire, Silke Robatzek, Corné MJ Pieterse, Ruedi Aebersold, and Frank LH Menke Published online 14.01.2016 Life span extension by targeting a link between metabolism and histone acetylation in Drosophila This study shows that metabolism, acetyl‐CoA levels and histone acetylation are increased during midlife in Drosophila, which correlates with changes in the transcriptome. Depleting the enzymes that link metabolism and histone acetylation reduces midlife acetyl‐CoA levels, transcriptome changes and increases lifespan. Shahaf Peleg, Christian Feller, Ignasi Forne, Evelyn Schiller, Daniel C Sévin, Tamas Schauer, Catherine Regnard, Tobias Straub, Matthias Prestel, Caroline Klima, Melanie Schmitt Nogueira, Lore Becker, Thomas Klopstock, Uwe Sauer, Peter B Becker, Axel Imhof, and Andreas G Ladurner Published online 18.01.2016   Unsubscribe from or edit your subscription for this service. Or by mail: Customer Service * 425 Broadway St * Redwood City, CA 94063 * U.S.A. Copyright © 2016 by the European Molecular Biology Organisation.