Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 27 September 2016

27 September 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports             Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences           Biological Sciences ▲ top               A general and efficient strategy for generating the stable enzymes ▶     Xiao-Fei Zhang, Guang-Yu Yang, Yong Zhang et al.     The local flexibility of an enzyme’s active center plays pivotal roles in catalysis, however, little is known about how the flexibility of these flexible residues affects …             Mechanism of metamifop inhibition of the carboxyltransferase domain of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase in Echinochloa crus-galli ▶     Xiangdong Xia, Wenjie Tang, Shun He et al.     Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) plays crucial roles in fatty acid metabolism and is an attractive target for herbicide discovery. Metamifop is a novel ACCase-inhibiting …             Integrating Multi-omics Data to Dissect Mechanisms of DNA repair Dysregulation in Breast Cancer ▶     Chao Liu, Florian Rohart, Peter T. Simpson et al.     DNA repair genes and pathways that are transcriptionally dysregulated in cancer provide the first line of evidence for the altered DNA repair status in tumours, and hence have …             Rational improvement of gp41-targeting HIV-1 fusion inhibitors: an innovatively designed Ile-Asp-Leu tail with alternative conformations ▶     Yun Zhu, Shan Su, Lili Qin et al.     Peptides derived from the C-terminal heptad repeat (CHR) of HIV gp41 have been developed as effective fusion inhibitors against HIV-1, but facing the challenges of enhancing …             Corrigendum: The Expression of Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNA MiR-UL148D during Latent Infection in Primary Myeloid Cells Inhibits Activin A-triggered Secretion of IL-6 ▶     Betty Lau, Emma Poole, Benjamin Krishna et al.                 Integrating occurrence and detectability patterns based on interview data: a case study for threatened mammals in Equatorial Guinea ▶     Chele Martínez-Martí, María V. Jiménez-Franco, J. Andrew Royle et al.     Occurrence models that account for imperfect detection of species are increasingly used for estimating geographical range, for determining species-landscape relations and to …             Effector Diversification Contributes to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Phenotypic Adaptation in a Semi-Isolated Environment ▶     Ian Lorenzo Quibod, Alvaro Perez-Quintero, Nicholas J. Booher et al.     Understanding the processes that shaped contemporary pathogen populations in agricultural landscapes is quite important to define appropriate management strategies and to support …             Erratum: Weibel-Palade body size modulates the adhesive activity of its von Willebrand Factor cargo in cultured endothelial cells ▶     Francesco Ferraro, Mafalda Lopes da Silva, William Grimes et al.                 Novel highly divergent reassortant bat rotaviruses in Cameroon, without evidence of zoonosis ▶     Claude Kwe Yinda, Mark Zeller, Nádia Conceição-Neto et al.     Bats are an important reservoir for zoonotic viruses. To date, only three RVA strains have been reported in bats in Kenya and China. In the current study we investigated the …             Relationships between functional diversity and aboveground biomass production in the Northern Tibetan alpine grasslands ▶     Juntao Zhu, Lin Jiang, Yangjian Zhang     Functional diversity, the extent of functional differences among species in a community, drives biodiversity–ecosystem function (BEF) relationships. Here, four species traits and …             Enhancement of trichothecene mycotoxins of Fusarium oxysporum by ferulic acid aggravates oxidative damage in Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch ▶     Zhen Fang Li, Chen Ling He, Ying Wang et al.     Rehmannia glutinosa is an important medicinal herb that cannot be replanted in the same field due to the effects of autotoxic substances. The effects of these substances on R. …             Identification and testing of oviposition attractant chemical compounds for Musca domestica ▶     Rui Tang, Feng Zhang, N’Golopé Kone et al.     Oviposition attractants for the house fly Musca domestica have been investigated using electrophysiological tests, behavioural assays and field tests. Volatiles were collected …             Ska3 Ensures Timely Mitotic Progression by Interacting Directly With Microtubules and Ska1 Microtubule Binding Domain ▶     Maria Alba Abad, Juan Zou, Bethan Medina-Pritchard et al.     The establishment of physical attachment between the kinetochore and dynamic spindle microtubules, which undergo cycles of polymerization and depolymerization generating straight …             CRHunter: integrating multifaceted information to predict catalytic residues in enzymes ▶     Jun Sun, Jia Wang, Dan Xiong et al.     A variety of algorithms have been developed for catalytic residue prediction based on either feature- or template-based methodology. However, no studies have systematically …             Paraspeckles modulate the intranuclear distribution of paraspeckle-associated Ctn RNA ▶     Aparna Anantharaman, Mahdieh Jadaliha, Vidisha Tripathi et al.     Paraspeckles are sub-nuclear domains that are nucleated by long noncoding RNA Neat1. While interaction of protein components of paraspeckles and Neat1 is understood, there is …             High-speed microscopy of continuously moving cell culture vessels ▶     Friedrich Walter Schenk, Nicolai Brill, Ulrich Marx et al.     We report a method of high-speed phase contrast and bright field microscopy which permits large cell culture vessels to be scanned at much higher speed (up to 30 times faster) …             Topographic contrast of ultrathin cryo-sections for correlative super-resolution light and electron microscopy ▶     José María Mateos, Bruno Guhl, Jana Doehner et al.     Fluorescence microscopy reveals molecular expression at nanometer resolution but lacks ultrastructural context information. This deficit often hinders a clear interpretation of …             Exploring functional roles of TRPV1 intracellular domains with unstructured peptide-insertion screening ▶     Linlin Ma, Fan Yang, Simon Vu et al.     TRPV1 is a polymodal nociceptor for diverse physical and chemical stimuli that interact with different parts of the channel protein. Recent cryo-EM studies revealed detailed …             Expression profiling of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with perineural invasion implicates the p53 pathway in the process ▶     Timothy A. Warren, Natasa Broit, Jacinta L. Simmons et al.     Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common cancer worldwide and accounts for approximately 30% of all keratinocyte cancers. The vast majority of cutaneous SCCs of …             Gondwanan conifer clones imperilled by bushfire ▶     James R. P. Worth, Shota Sakaguchi, Karl D. Rann et al.     Global increases in fire frequency driven by anthropogenic greenhouse emissions and land use change could threaten unique and ancient species by creeping into long-term fire …             Rapid Motion Adaptation Reveals the Temporal Dynamics of Spatiotemporal Correlation between ON and OFF Pathways ▶     Can Oluk, Andrea Pavan, Hulusi Kafaligonul     At the early stages of visual processing, information is processed by two major thalamic pathways encoding brightness increments (ON) and decrements (OFF). Accumulating evidence …             Role of phosphatase of regenerating liver 1 (PRL1) in spermatogenesis ▶     Yunpeng Bai, Hong-Ming Zhou, Lujuan Zhang et al.     The PRL phosphatases are oncogenic when overexpressed but their in vivo biological function is less well understood. Previous gene deletion study revealed a role for PRL2 in …             Computational understanding and experimental characterization of twice-as-smart quadruplex ligands as chemical sensors of bacterial nucleotide second messengers ▶     Jie Zhou, Benjamin T. Roembke, Gabor Paragi et al.     A twice-as-smart ligand is a small molecule that experiences a structural switch upon interaction with its target (i.e., smart ligand) that concomitantly triggers its …             TDP-43 aggregation mirrors TDP-43 knockdown, affecting the expression levels of a common set of proteins ▶     S. Prpar Mihevc, Marco Baralle, Emanuele Buratti et al.     TDP-43 protein plays an important role in regulating transcriptional repression, RNA metabolism, and splicing. Typically it shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm to …             A recurrent deletion in the SLC5A2 gene including the intron 7 branch site responsible for familial renal glucosuria ▶     Xiangzhong Zhao, Li Cui, Yanhua Lang et al.     Familial renal glycosuria (FRG) is caused by mutations in the SLC5A2 gene, which codes for Na+-glucose co-transporters 2 (SGLT2). The aim of this study was to analyze and …             Abrupt switch to migratory night flight in a wild migratory songbird ▶     Daniel Zúñiga, Jade Falconer, Adam M. Fudickar et al.     Every year, billions of wild diurnal songbirds migrate at night. To do so, they shift their daily rhythm from diurnality to nocturnality. In captivity this is observed as a …             Proteomic Analysis of Non-depleted Serum Proteins from Bottlenose Dolphins Uncovers a High Vanin-1 Phenotype ▶     Philip Sobolesky, Celeste Parry, Baylye Boxall et al.     Targeted approaches have been widely used to help explain physiological adaptations, but few studies have used non-targeted omics approaches to explore differences between diving …             Protein characterization of intracellular target-sorted, formalin-fixed cell subpopulations ▶     Jessica S. Sadick, Molly E. Boutin, Diane Hoffman-Kim et al.     Cellular heterogeneity is inherent in most human tissues, making the investigation of specific cell types challenging. Here, we describe a novel, fixation/intracellular …             MALDI-TOF-MS reveals differential N-linked plasma- and IgG-glycosylation profiles between mothers and their newborns ▶     Bas C. Jansen, Albert Bondt, Karli R. Reiding et al.     During pregnancy, the mother provides multiple nutrients and substances to the foetus, with maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) being actively transported to the foetus. Newborns …             Humanization of high-affinity antibodies targeting glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Yi-Fan Zhang, Mitchell Ho     Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We have generated a group of high-affinity mouse monoclonal …             Atomistic determinants of co-enzyme Q reduction at the Qi-site of the cytochrome bc1 complex ▶     Pekka A. Postila, Karol Kaszuba, Patryk Kuleta et al.     The cytochrome (cyt) bc1 complex is an integral component of the respiratory electron transfer chain sustaining the energy needs of organisms ranging from humans to bacteria. Due …             TRIM52 inhibits Japanese Encephalitis Virus replication by degrading the viral NS2A ▶     Wenchun Fan, Mengge Wu, Suhong Qian et al.     The members of tripartite-motif containing (TRIM) protein participate in various cellular processes and play an important role in host antiviral function. TRIM proteins exert …             Structural and histone binding ability characterization of the ARB2 domain of a histone deacetylase Hda1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Hui Shen, Yuwei Zhu, Chongyuan Wang et al.     Hda1 is the catalytic core component of the H2B- and H3- specific histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is involved in the epigenetic repression …             Smoothing a rugged protein folding landscape by sequence-based redesign ▶     Benjamin T. Porebski, Shani Keleher, Jeffrey J. Hollins et al.     The rugged folding landscapes of functional proteins puts them at risk of misfolding and aggregation. Serine protease inhibitors, or serpins, are paradigms for this delicate …             Differential expression of miR-184 in temporal lobe epilepsy patients with and without hippocampal sclerosis – Influence on microglial function ▶     Bénédicte Danis, Marijke van Rikxoort, Anita Kretschmann et al.     Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures due to neuronal hyperexcitability. Here we compared miRNA expression patterns in …             Migratory blackcaps can use their magnetic compass at 5 degrees inclination, but are completely random at 0 degrees inclination ▶     Susanne Schwarze, Friederike Steenken, Nadine Thiele et al.     It is known that night-migratory songbirds use a magnetic compass measuring the magnetic inclination angle, i.e. the angle between the Earth’s surface and the magnetic field …             Development and characterisation of highly antibiotic resistant Bartonella bacilliformis mutants ▶     Cláudia Gomes, Sandra Martínez-Puchol, Lidia Ruiz-Roldán et al.     The objective was to develop and characterise in vitro Bartonella bacilliformis antibiotic resistant mutants. Three B. bacilliformis strains were plated 35 or 40 times with …             Characterization of CD46 and β1 integrin dynamics during sperm acrosome reaction ▶     Michaela Frolikova, Natasa Sebkova, Lukas Ded et al.     The acrosome reaction (AR) is a process of membrane fusion and lytic enzyme release, which enables sperm to penetrate the egg surroundings. It is widely recognized that specific …             Enhanced cardiac TBC1D10C expression lowers heart rate and enhances exercise capacity and survival ▶     Cornelia Volland, Sebastian Bremer, Kristian Hellenkamp et al.     TBC1D10C is a protein previously demonstrated to bind and inhibit Ras and Calcineurin. In cardiomyocytes, also CaMKII is inhibited and all three targeted enzymes are known to …             Musk Kinase Activity is Modulated By A Serine Phosphorylation Site in The Kinase Loop ▶     B. Z. Camurdanoglu, C. Hrovat, G. Dürnberger et al.     The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) forms when a motor neuron contacts a muscle fibre. A reciprocal exchange of signals initiates a cascade of signalling events that result in pre- …             Parametric analysis of colony morphology of non-labelled live human pluripotent stem cells for cell quality control ▶     Ryuji Kato, Megumi Matsumoto, Hiroto Sasaki et al.     Given the difficulties inherent in maintaining human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in a healthy state, hPSCs should be routinely characterized using several established standard …             G9a inhibits MEF2C activity to control sarcomere assembly ▶     Jin Rong Ow, Monica Palanichamy Kala, Vinay Kumar Rao et al.     In this study, we demonstrate that the lysine methyltransferase G9a inhibits sarcomere organization through regulation of the MEF2C-HDAC5 regulatory axis. Sarcomeres are …             Global Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals the Involvement of Phosphorylation in Aflatoxins Biosynthesis in the Pathogenic Fungus Aspergillus flavus ▶     Silin Ren, Mingkun Yang, Yu Li et al.     Aspergillus flavus is a pathogenic fungus that produces toxic and carcinogenic aflatoxins and is the causative agent of aflatoxicosis. A growing body of evidence indicates that …             A naturally occurring bovine APOBEC3 confers resistance to bovine lentiviruses: implication for the co-evolution of bovids and their lentiviruses ▶     Eri Yamada, Rokusuke Yoshikawa, Yusuke Nakano et al.     Mammals have co-evolved with lentiviruses for a long time. As evidence, viral infectivity factor (Vif), encoded by lentiviruses, antagonizes the anti-viral action of cellular …             Exposure to Sound Vibrations Lead to Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Hormonal Changes in Arabidopsis ▶     Ritesh Ghosh, Ratnesh Chandra Mishra, Bosung Choi et al.     Sound vibration (SV) is considered as an external mechanical force that modulates plant growth and development like other mechanical stimuli (e.g., wind, rain, touch and …             Etoposide induced cytotoxicity mediated by ROS and ERK in human kidney proximal tubule cells ▶     Hyeon-Jun Shin, Hyuk-Kwon Kwon, Jae-Hyeok Lee et al.     Etoposide (ETO) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug that inhibits topoisomerase II activity, thereby leading to genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. However, ETO has limited …             Multi-functional nano silver: A novel disruptive and theranostic agent for pathogenic organisms in real-time ▶     Ponnusamy Manogaran Gopinath, Anandan Ranjani, Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran et al.     The present study was aimed at evaluating the fluorescence property, sporicidal potency against Bacillus and Clostridium endospores, and surface disinfecting ability of biogenic …             DNA barcoding reveals that the common cupped oyster in Taiwan is the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata (Ostreoida; Ostreidae), not C. gigas ▶     Sheng-Tai Hsiao, Shin-Chang Chuang, Kao-Sung Chen et al.     The Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is one of the major aquacultural shellfish species that has been introduced to Europe and America from its native source in the West …             Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Phenylbutyrate Exaggerates Heart Failure in Pressure Overloaded Mice independently of HDAC inhibition ▶     Jing Ma, Tao Luo, Zhi Zeng et al.     4-Sodium phenylbutyrate (PBA) has been reported to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress and histone deacetylation (HDAC), both of which are novel therapeutic targets for cardiac …             Compartmentalized gene expression profiling of receptive endometrium reveals progesterone regulated ENPP3 is differentially expressed and secreted in glycosylated form ▶     Nageswara Rao Boggavarapu, Sujata Lalitkumar, Vijay Joshua et al.     The complexity of endometrial receptivity at the molecular level needs to be explored in detail to improve the management of infertility. Here, differential expression of …             Evaluating digestion efficiency in full-scale anaerobic digesters by identifying active microbial populations through the lens of microbial activity ▶     Ran Mei, Takashi Narihiro, Masaru K. Nobu et al.     Anaerobic digestion is a common technology to biologically stabilize wasted solids produced in municipal wastewater treatment. Its efficiency is usually evaluated by calculating …             Effective vitrification and warming of porcine embryos using a pH-stable, chemically defined medium ▶     Cristina Cuello, Cristina A. Martinez, Alicia Nohalez et al.     The use of pH-stable media would simplify embryo vitrification and the warming of porcine embryos and might facilitate the application of embryo transfer in practice. In this …             Gender effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms and miRNAs targeting clock-genes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients (mCRC) ▶     Carlo Garufi, Elisa Giacomini, Angela Torsello et al.     The circadian system is composed of a set of clock-genes including PERIOD, CLOCK, BMAL1 and CRY. Disrupting this system promotes cancer development and progression. The …             Myeloid Cell-Specific Lipin-1 Deficiency Stimulates Endocrine Adiponectin-FGF15 Axis and Ameliorates Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice ▶     Jiayou Wang, Chunki Kim, Alvin Jogasuria et al.     Lipin-1 is a phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP) required for the generation of diacylglycerol during glycerolipid synthesis, and exhibits dual functions in the regulation of …             Involvement of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy, and Apoptosis in Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced Glomerular Mesangial Cell Injury ▶     Chih-Kang Chiang, Ching-Chia Wang, Tien-Fong Lu et al.     Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)-induced mesangial cell death is one of major causes of glomerulus dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy. Both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) …             Endothelial Antioxidant-1: a Key Mediator of Copper-dependent Wound Healing in vivo ▶     Archita Das, Varadarajan Sudhahar, Gin-Fu Chen et al.     Copper (Cu), an essential nutrient, promotes wound healing, however, target of Cu action and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Cu chaperone Antioxidant-1 (Atox1) in the …             Simultaneous steering and imaging of magnetic particles using MRI toward delivery of therapeutics ▶     Ouajdi Felfoul, Aaron T. Becker, Georgios Fagogenis et al.     Magnetic resonance navigation (MRN) offers the potential for real-time steering of drug particles and cells to targets throughout the body. In this technique, the magnetic …             Destabilization of the IFT-B cilia core complex due to mutations in IFT81 causes a Spectrum of Short-Rib Polydactyly Syndrome ▶     Ivan Duran, S. Paige Taylor, Wenjuan Zhang et al.     Short-rib polydactyly syndromes (SRPS) and Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD) or Jeune Syndrome are recessively inherited skeletal ciliopathies characterized by profound …             Sporicidal performance induced by photocatalytic production of organic peroxide under visible light irradiation ▶     Yuichi Yamaguchi, Takahito Shimodo, Noriyasu Chikamori et al.     Bacteria that cause serious food poisoning are known to sporulate under conditions of nutrient and water shortage. The resulting spores have much greater resistance to common …             Evaluating the performance of infectious disease forecasts: A comparison of climate-driven and seasonal dengue forecasts for Mexico ▶     Michael A. Johansson, Nicholas G. Reich, Aditi Hota et al.     Dengue viruses, which infect millions of people per year worldwide, cause large epidemics that strain healthcare systems. Despite diverse efforts to develop forecasting tools …             UGT2B28 genomic variation is associated with hepatitis B e-antigen seroconversion in response to antiviral therapy ▶     Kung-Hao Liang, Chih-Lang Lin, Chao-Wei Hsu et al.     Seroconversion of hepatitis B virus (HBV) e-antigen (HBeAg) is a critical but often-missed therapeutic goal in standard antiviral treatments. An extreme-phenotype genome-wide …             A suppressor locus for MODY3-diabetes ▶     Miguel A. Garcia-Gonzalez, Claire Carette, Alessia Bagattin et al.     Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young type 3 (MODY3), linked to mutations in the transcription factor HNF1A, is the most prevalent form of monogenic diabetes mellitus. …             Coxsackievirus A16 induced neurological disorders in young gerbils which could serve as a new animal model for vaccine evaluation ▶     Yi-Sheng Sun, Ya-jing Li, Yong Xia et al.     Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is one of the major pathogens associated with human hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in the Asia-pacific region. Although CA16 infections are …             Identification and comparative analysis of the microRNA transcriptome in roots of two contrasting tobacco genotypes in response to cadmium stress ▶     Xiaoyan He, Weite Zheng, Fangbin Cao et al.     Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is more acclimated to cadmium (Cd) uptake and preferentially enriches Cd in leaves than other crops. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in …             Facile transformation of FeO/Fe3O4 core-shell nanocubes to Fe3O4via magnetic stimulation ▶     Aidin Lak, Dina Niculaes, George C. Anyfantis et al.     Here, we propose the use of magnetic hyperthermia as a means to trigger the oxidation of Fe1−xO/Fe3−δO4 core-shell nanocubes to Fe3−δO4 phase. As a first relevant consequence, …             Systemic blockade of ACVR2B ligands prevents chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting by restoring muscle protein synthesis without affecting oxidative capacity or atrogenes ▶     T. A. Nissinen, J. Degerman, M. Räsänen et al.     Doxorubicin is a widely used and effective chemotherapy drug. However, cardiac and skeletal muscle toxicity of doxorubicin limits its use. Inhibiting myostatin/activin signalling …             Human and mouse monocytes display distinct signalling and cytokine profiles upon stimulation with FFAR2/FFAR3 short-chain fatty acid receptor agonists ▶     Zhiwei Ang, Jun Zhi Er, Nguan Soon Tan et al.     Knockout mice studies implicate the mammalian short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptors, FFAR2 and FFAR3– in colitis, arthritis and asthma. However, the correlation with human …             Schizophyllum commune has an extensive and functional alternative splicing repertoire ▶     Thies Gehrmann, Jordi F. Pelkmans, Luis G. Lugones et al.     Recent genome-wide studies have demonstrated that fungi possess the machinery to alternatively splice pre-mRNA. However, there has not been a systematic categorization of the …             Zephycandidine A, the First Naturally Occurring Imidazo[1,2-f]phenanthridine Alkaloid from Zephyranthes candida, Exhibits Significant Anti-tumor and Anti-acetylcholinesterase Activities ▶     Guanqun Zhan, Xiaolan Qu, Junjun Liu et al.     Zephycandidine A (1), the first naturally occurring imidazo[1,2-f]phenanthridine alkaloid, was isolated from Zephyranthes candida (Amaryllidaceae). The structure of 1 was …             Diversity distribution patterns of Chinese endemic seed plant species and their implications for conservation planning ▶     Jihong Huang, Jianhua Huang, Xinghui Lu et al.     Endemism is an important concept in biogeography and biodiversity conservation. China is one of the richest countries in biodiversity, with very high levels of plant endemism. In …             Modulation of yeast telomerase activity by Cdc13 and Est1 in vitro ▶     Yu-Fan Chen, Chia-Ying Lu, Yi-Chien Lin et al.     Telomerase is the enzyme involved in extending telomeric DNA. Control of telomerase activity by modulating its access to chromosome ends is one of the most important fundamental …             Distal airway epithelial progenitor cells are radiosensitive to High-LET radiation ▶     Alicia M. McConnell, Bindu Konda, David G. Kirsch et al.     Exposure to high-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation occurs in a variety of situations, including charged particle radiotherapy, radiological accidents, and space travel. …             Transmembrane Helices Tilt, Bend, Slide, Torque, and Unwind between Functional States of Rhodopsin ▶     Zhong Ren, Peter X. Ren, Rohith Balusu et al.     The seven-helical bundle of rhodopsin and other G-protein coupled receptors undergoes structural rearrangements as the transmembrane receptor protein is activated. These …             IMNGS: A comprehensive open resource of processed 16S rRNA microbial profiles for ecology and diversity studies ▶     Ilias Lagkouvardos, Divya Joseph, Martin Kapfhammer et al.     The SRA (Sequence Read Archive) serves as primary depository for massive amounts of Next Generation Sequencing data, and currently host over 100,000 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based …             Tooth wear as a means to quantify intra-specific variations in diet and chewing movements ▶     Ivan Calandra, Gaëlle Labonne, Ellen Schulz-Kornas et al.     In mammals, tooth function, and its efficiency, depends both on the mechanical properties of the food and on chewing dynamics. These aspects have rarely been studied in …             Sexually dimorphic gene expressions in eels: useful markers for early sex assessment in a conservation context ▶     Benjamin Geffroy, Florian Guilbaud, Elsa Amilhat et al.     Environmental sex determination (ESD) has been detected in a range of vertebrate reptile and fish species. Eels are characterized by an ESD that occurs relatively late, since sex …             Pharmacological LRRK2 kinase inhibition induces LRRK2 protein destabilization and proteasomal degradation ▶     E. Lobbestael, L. Civiero, T. De Wit et al.     Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) kinase activity is increased in several pathogenic mutations, including the most common mutation, G2019S, and is known to play a role in …             Corrigendum: How Tissue Mechanical Properties Affect Enteric Neural Crest Cell Migration ▶     N. R. Chevalier, E. Gazquez, L. Bidault et al.                 Expression of immunoproteasome genes is regulated by cell-intrinsic and –extrinsic factors in human cancers ▶     Alexandre Rouette, Assya Trofimov, David Haberl et al.     Based on transcriptomic analyses of thousands of samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we report that expression of constitutive proteasome (CP) genes (PSMB5, PSMB6, PSMB7) and …             High Fructose Diet inducing diabetes rapidly impacts olfactory epithelium and behavior in mice ▶     Sébastien Rivière, Vanessa Soubeyre, David Jarriault et al.     Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), a major public health issue reaching worldwide epidemic, has been correlated with lower olfactory abilities in humans. As olfaction represents a major …             Erratum: Detecting a hierarchical genetic population structure via Multi-InDel markers on the X chromosome ▶     Guang Yao Fan, Yi Ye, Yi Ping Hou                 Systematical Evaluation of Mechanically Strong 3D Printed Diluted magnesium Doping Wollastonite Scaffolds on Osteogenic Capacity in Rabbit Calvarial Defects ▶     Miao Sun, An Liu, Huifeng Shao et al.     Wollastonite (CaSiO3; CSi) ceramic is a promising bioactive material for bone defect repair due to slightly fast degradation of its porous constructs in vivo. In our previous …             Characterization and Comparative Genomic Analyses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phage PaoP5: New Members Assigned to PAK_P1-like Viruses ▶     Mengyu Shen, Shuai Le, Xiaolin Jin et al.     As a potential alternative to antibiotics, phages can be used to treat multi-drug resistant bacteria. As such, the biological characteristics of phages should be investigated to …             Interleukin-25 Induces Resistance Against Intestinal Trematodes ▶     Carla Muñoz-Antoli, Alba Cortés, Rebeca Santano et al.     Echinostoma caproni is an intestinal trematode that has been extensively used as an experimental model to investigate the factors determining the resistance to intestinal …             Predator-prey interactions in the plankton: larval fish feeding on evasive copepods ▶     James M. Jackson, Petra H. Lenz     Capture success and prey selectivity were investigated in clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris larvae using videography. Three prey types were tested using developmental stages …             Prevention of allograft rejection in heart transplantation through concurrent gene silencing of TLR and Kinase signaling pathways ▶     Hongmei Wang, Xusheng Zhang, Xiufen Zheng et al.     Toll-like receptors (TLRs) act as initiators and conductors responsible for both innate and adaptive immune responses in organ transplantation. The mammalian target of rapamycin …             Exposure to HT-2 toxin causes oxidative stress induced apoptosis/autophagy in porcine oocytes ▶     Yue Zhang, Jun Han, Cheng-Cheng Zhu et al.     T-2 toxin is a main type A trichothecene mycotoxin which is the most toxic trichothecence. T-2 toxin has posed various toxic effects on human and animals in vigorous cell …             Flavonoids are determinants of freezing tolerance and cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Elisa Schulz, Takayuki Tohge, Ellen Zuther et al.     In plants from temperate climates such as Arabidopsis thaliana low, non-freezing temperatures lead to increased freezing tolerance in a process termed cold acclimation. This …             SENP1 Is a Crucial Regulator for Cell Senescence through DeSUMOylation of Bmi1 ▶     Nansong Xia, Juan Cai, Feifei Wang et al.     Cell senescence can limit proliferative potential and prevent tumorigenesis. Bmi1 is a key regulator in cell senescence by suppressing the Ink4a/Arf locus. However, how to …             Genome-wide mapping of nucleosome positions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in response to different nitrogen conditions ▶     Peng Zhang, Guocheng Du, Huijun Zou et al.     Well-organized chromatin is involved in a number of various transcriptional regulation and gene expression. We used genome-wide mapping of nucleosomes in response to different …             Transmission of survival signals through Delta-like 1 on activated CD4+ T cells ▶     Takahiro Furukawa, Chieko Ishifune, Shin-ichi Tsukumo et al.     Notch expressed on CD4+ T cells transduces signals that mediate their effector functions and survival. Although Notch signaling is known to be cis-inhibited by Notch ligands …             CIBZ Regulates Mesodermal and Cardiac Differentiation of by Suppressing T and Mesp1 Expression in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells ▶     Tomomi Kotoku, Koji Kosaka, Miki Nishio et al.     The molecular mechanisms underlying mesodermal and cardiac specification from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are not fully understood. Here, we showed that the BTB domain-containing …             Key clinical beam parameters for nanoparticle-mediated radiation dose amplification ▶     Alexandre Detappe, Sijumon Kunjachan, Pascal Drané et al.     As nanoparticle solutions move towards human clinical trials in radiation therapy, the influence of key clinical beam parameters on therapeutic efficacy must be considered. In …             Genetic characterization of two fully sequenced multi-drug resistant plasmids pP10164-2 and pP10164-3 from Leclercia adecarboxylata ▶     Fengjun Sun, Dongsheng Zhou, Qiang Sun et al.     We previously reported the complete sequence of the resistance plasmid pP10164-NDM, harboring blaNDM (conferring carbapenem resistance) and bleMBL (conferring bleomycin …             Predicted structure of a Minus-C OBP from Batocera horsfieldi (Hope) suggests an intermediate structure in evolution of OBPs ▶     Zhi-Chuan Zheng, Dong-Zhen Li, Aiming Zhou et al.     Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) transport hydrophobic odorants from the environment to odorant receptors and play an important role in specific recognition of volatiles. Here, we …             The MADS-Box transcription factor Bcmads1 is required for growth, sclerotia production and pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea ▶     Zhanquan Zhang, Hua Li, Guozheng Qin et al.     MADS-box transcription factors are highly conserved in eukaryotic species and involved in a variety of biological processes. Little is known, however, regarding the function of …             Helical unwinding and side-chain unlocking unravel the outward open conformation of the melibiose transporter ▶     Li-Ying Wang, Vidhya M. Ravi, Gérard Leblanc et al.     Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to study the alternate access mechanism of the melibiose transporter from Escherichia coli. Starting from the outward-facing …             Sweeter and stronger: enhancing sweetness and stability of the single chain monellin MNEI through molecular design ▶     Serena Leone, Andrea Pica, Antonello Merlino et al.     Sweet proteins are a family of proteins with no structure or sequence homology, able to elicit a sweet sensation in humans through their interaction with the dimeric T1R2-T1R3 …             The Capacity of Cognitive Control Estimated from a Perceptual Decision Making Task ▶     Tingting Wu, Alexander J. Dufford, Melissa-Ann Mackie et al.     Cognitive control refers to the processes that permit selection and prioritization of information processing in different cognitive domains to reach the capacity-limited …             Growth, productivity, and relative extinction risk of a data-sparse devil ray ▶     Sebastián A. Pardo, Holly K. Kindsvater, Elizabeth Cuevas-Zimbrón et al.     Devil rays (Mobula spp.) face intensifying fishing pressure to meet the ongoing international demand for gill plates. The paucity of information on growth, mortality, and fishing …             Behavioural and neural modulation of win-stay but not lose-shift strategies as a function of outcome value in Rock, Paper, Scissors ▶     Lewis Forder, Benjamin James Dyson     Competitive environments in which individuals compete for mutually-exclusive outcomes require rational decision making in order to maximize gains but often result in poor quality …             Flipper strokes can predict energy expenditure and locomotion costs in free-ranging northern and Antarctic fur seals ▶     Tiphaine Jeanniard-du-Dot, Andrew W. Trites, John P. Y. Arnould et al.     Flipper strokes have been proposed as proxies to estimate the energy expended by marine vertebrates while foraging at sea, but this has never been validated on free-ranging …             Identification of putative chemosensory receptor genes from yellow peach moth Conogethes punctiferalis (Guenée) antennae transcriptome ▶     Xing Ge, Tiantao Zhang, Zhenying Wang et al.     The yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis, is an extremely important polyphagous insect in Asia. The chemosensory systems of moth play an important role in detecting food, …             Stereological analyses of the whole human pancreas ▶     Ananta Poudel, Jonas L. Fowler, Mark C. Zielinski et al.     The large size of human tissues requires a practical stereological approach to perform a comprehensive analysis of the whole organ. We have developed a method to quantitatively …             In-silico insights on the prognostic potential of immune cell infiltration patterns in the breast lobular epithelium ▶     J. C. L. Alfonso, N. S. Schaadt, R. Schönmeyer et al.     Scattered inflammatory cells are commonly observed in mammary gland tissue, most likely in response to normal cell turnover by proliferation and apoptosis, or as part of …             Flyglow: Single-fly observations of simultaneous molecular and behavioural circadian oscillations in controls and an Alzheimer’s model ▶     Eleonora Khabirova, Ko-Fan Chen, John S. O’Neill et al.     Circadian rhythms are essential for health and are frequently disturbed in disease. A full understanding of the causal relationships between behavioural and molecular circadian …             A novel affinity-based method for the isolation of highly purified extracellular vesicles ▶     Wataru Nakai, Takeshi Yoshida, Diego Diez et al.     Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes and microvesicles serve as messengers of intercellular network, allowing exchange of cellular components between cells. EVs carry …             Liprin-α1 and ERC1 control cell edge dynamics by promoting focal adhesion turnover ▶     Veronica Astro, Diletta Tonoli, Sara Chiaretti et al.     Liprin-α1 and ERC1 are interacting scaffold proteins regulating the motility of normal and tumor cells. They act as part of plasma membrane-associated platforms at the edge of …             A 2D virtual reality system for visual goal-driven navigation in zebrafish larvae ▶     Adrien Jouary, Mathieu Haudrechy, Raphaël Candelier et al.     Animals continuously rely on sensory feedback to adjust motor commands. In order to study the role of visual feedback in goal-driven navigation, we developed a 2D visual virtual …             Toll-Like Receptor 9 Activation Rescues Impaired Antibody Response in Needle-free Intradermal DNA Vaccination ▶     Prabhu S. Arunachalam, Ria Mishra, Krithika Badarinath et al.     The delivery of plasmid DNA to the skin can target distinct subsets of dermal dendritic cells to confer a superior immune response. The needle-free immunization technology offers …             Genome-wide long non-coding RNA screening, identification and characterization in a model microorganism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ▶     Hui Li, Yuting Wang, Meirong Chen et al.     Microalgae are regarded as the most promising biofuel candidates and extensive metabolic engineering were conducted but very few improvements were achieved. Long non-coding RNA …             Linking in domain-swapped protein dimers ▶     Marco Baiesi, Enzo Orlandini, Antonio Trovato et al.     The presence of knots has been observed in a small fraction of single-domain proteins and related to their thermodynamic and kinetic properties. The exchanging of identical …             Decreased IL7Rα and TdT expression underlie the skewed immunoglobulin repertoire of human B-cell precursors from fetal origin ▶     Magdalena B. Rother, Kristin Jensen, Mirjam van der Burg et al.     Newborns are unable to mount antibody responses towards certain antigens. This has been related to the restricted repertoire of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes of their B cells. The …             Species specific exome probes reveal new insights in positively selected genes in nonhuman primates ▶     Zheng Su, Junjie Zhang, Chanchal Kumar et al.     Nonhuman primates (NHP) are important biomedical animal models for the study of human disease. Of these, the most widely used models in biomedical research currently are from the …             Using an Artificial Neural Bypass to Restore Cortical Control of Rhythmic Movements in a Human with Quadriplegia ▶     Gaurav Sharma, David A. Friedenberg, Nicholas Annetta et al.     Neuroprosthetic technology has been used to restore cortical control of discrete (non-rhythmic) hand movements in a paralyzed person. However, cortical control of rhythmic …             Novel and Neuroprotective Tetranortriterpenoids from Chinese Mangrove Xylocarpus granatum Koenig ▶     Zhen-Fang Zhou, Tibor Kurtán, Attila Mándi et al.     Eight new tetranortriterpenoids (1–8) were isolated from the twigs and leaves of the Chinese mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum, together with four related known ones (9–12). The …             Oligomannan Prebiotic Attenuates Immunological, Clinical and Behavioral Symptoms in Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease ▶     Szilamér Ferenczi, Krisztián Szegi, Zsuzsanna Winkler et al.     Inflammatory bowel disease shows increasing prevalence, however its pathomechanism and treatment is not fully resolved. Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates which might …             The UPR inducer DPP23 inhibits the metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by targeting the Akt–IKK–NF-κB–MMP-9 axis ▶     Soon Young Shin, Chang Gun Kim, You Jung Jung et al.     (E)-3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (DPP23) is a synthetic polyphenol derivative that selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells through the …             Identification of a novel human deoxynivalenol metabolite enhancing proliferation of intestinal and urinary bladder cells ▶     Benedikt Warth, Giorgia Del Favero, Gerlinde Wiesenberger et al.     The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is an abundant contaminant of cereal based food and a severe issue for global food safety. We report the discovery of DON-3-sulfate as a novel …             New insights into the Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome-related haematological disorder: hyper-activation of mTOR and STAT3 in leukocytes ▶     Valentino Bezzerri, Antonio Vella, Elisa Calcaterra et al.     Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an inherited disease caused by mutations of a gene encoding for SBDS protein. So far little is known about SBDS exact function. SDS patients …             Gut microbiota Modulated by Probiotics and Garcinia cambogia Extract Correlate with Weight Gain and Adipocyte Sizes in High Fat-Fed Mice ▶     Jaeyoung Heo, Minseok Seo, Hwanhee Park et al.     Results of recent studies on gut microbiota have suggested that obesogenic bacteria exacerbate obesity and metabolic dysfunction in the host when fed a high fat diet (HFD). In …             Growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana under single-wavelength red and blue laser light ▶     Amanda Ooi, Aloysius Wong, Tien Khee Ng et al.     Indoor horticulture offers a sensible solution for sustainable food production and is becoming increasingly widespread. However, it incurs high energy and cost due to the use of …             Methylation of SFRP2 gene as a promising noninvasive biomarker using feces in colorectal cancer diagnosis: a systematic meta-analysis ▶     Qihua Yang, Tao Huang, Guoliang Ye et al.     Methylation of secreted frizzled-related protein genes (SFRP) associated with the Wnt signaling pathway has previously been reported. However, the diagnostic role of SFRP …             Protein Kinase D2 Protects against Acute Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium in Mice ▶     Jing Xiong, Ming-feng Zhou, Ya-dong Wang et al.     Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by dysregulation of the mucosal immune system resulting from impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function. Protein kinase D2 has …             Elemental characterisation of melanin in feathers via synchrotron X-ray imaging and absorption spectroscopy ▶     Nicholas P. Edwards, Arjen van Veelen, Jennifer Anné et al.     Melanin is a critical component of biological systems, but the exact chemistry of melanin is still imprecisely known. This is partly due to melanin’s complex heterogeneous nature …             The Healthy Infant Nasal Transcriptome: A Benchmark Study ▶     Chin-Yi Chu, Xing Qiu, Lu Wang et al.     Responses by resident cells are likely to play a key role in determining the severity of respiratory disease. However, sampling of the airways poses a significant challenge, …             Altered Biomarkers in Trophoblast Cells Obtained Noninvasively Prior to Clinical Manifestation of Perinatal Disease ▶     Jay M. Bolnick, Hamid-Reza Kohan-Ghadr, Rani Fritz et al.     A contributing factor to poor placental perfusion, leading to intrauterine growth restriction and preeclampsia, is the failure of invading extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells to …             Female Adult Aedes albopictus Suppression by Wolbachia-Infected Male Mosquitoes ▶     James W. Mains, Corey L. Brelsfoard, Robert I. Rose et al.     Dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses are pathogens with an increasing global impact. In the absence of an approved vaccine or therapy, their management relies on controlling the …             Region-specific growth restriction of brain following preterm birth ▶     Sachiko Iwata, Reiji Katayama, Masahiro Kinoshita et al.     Regional brain sizes of very-preterm infants at term-equivalent age differ from those of term-born peers, which have been linked with later cognitive impairments. However, …             Mitigation of indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal damages in fat-1 transgenic mice via gate-keeper action of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids ▶     Young-Min Han, Jong-Min Park, Jing X. Kang et al.     Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) damage the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial cell membranes by inducing several signals through lipid raft organization after …             Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation of human primary visual cortex ▶     Wonhye Lee, Hyun-Chul Kim, Yujin Jung et al.     Transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) is making progress as a new non-invasive mode of regional brain stimulation. Current evidence of FUS-mediated neurostimulation for humans …             The brain, obesity and addiction: an EEG neuroimaging study ▶     Dirk De Ridder, Patrick Manning, Sook Ling Leong et al.     Obesity is among the greatest challenges facing healthcare systems with 20% of the world’s population afflicted. Great controversy exists whether obesity can be regarded as an …             Cyclooxygenase-2 induced β1-integrin expression in NSCLC and promoted cell invasion via the EP1/MAPK/E2F-1/FoxC2 signal pathway ▶     Jinshun Pan, Qinyi Yang, Jiaofang Shao et al.     Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been implicated in cell invasion in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanism is unclear. The present study investigated the effect …             Corrigendum: Paired arrangement of kinetochores together with microtubule pivoting and dynamics drive kinetochore capture in meiosis I ▶     Gheorghe Cojoc, Ana-Maria Florescu, Alexander Krull et al.                 Corrigendum: Mammalian Mon2/Ysl2 regulates endosome-to-Golgi trafficking but possesses no guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward Arl1 GTPase ▶     Divyanshu Mahajan, Boon Kim Boh, Yan Zhou et al.                 Multiple introductions and onward transmission of non-pandemic HIV-1 subtype B strains in North America and Europe. ▶     Marina Cabello, Hector Romero, Gonzalo Bello     Most HIV-1 subtype B infections in North America and Europe seem to have resulted from the expansion of a single pandemic lineage (BPANDEMIC) disseminated from the United States (…             Three-dimensional Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in Response Assessment for Breast Cancer: A Comparison with Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Pathology ▶     Wan-Ru Jia, Lei Tang, Deng-Bin Wang et al.     To compare the capabilities of three-dimensional contrast enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE-MRI) in predicting the response to …             Pharmacological inhibitors of TRPV4 channels reduce cytokine production, restore endothelial function and increase survival in septic mice ▶     Thomas Dalsgaard, Swapnil K. Sonkusare, Cory Teuscher et al.     Sepsis is characterized by systemic inflammation, edema formation and hypo-perfusion leading to organ dysfunction and ultimately death. Activation of the transient receptor …             Generation of biallelic knock-out sheep via gene-editing and somatic cell nuclear transfer ▶     Honghui Li, Gui Wang, Zhiqiang Hao et al.     Transgenic sheep can be used to achieve genetic improvements in breeds and as an important large-animal model for biomedical research. In this study, we generated a TALEN plasmid …             Genome-wide analysis of Dof transcription factors reveals functional characteristics during development and response to biotic stresses in pepper ▶     Won-Hee Kang, Seungill Kim, Hyun-Ah Lee et al.     The DNA-binding with one zinc finger proteins (Dofs) are a plant-specific family of transcription factors. The Dofs are involved in a variety of biological processes such as …             Utilization of paramagnetic relaxation enhancements for structural analysis of actin-binding proteins in complex with actin ▶     Shuxian Huang, Ryo Umemoto, Yuki Tamura et al.     Actin cytoskeleton dynamics are controlled by various actin binding proteins (ABPs) that modulate the polymerization of the monomeric G-actin and the depolymerization of …             A conjugate of methotrexate and an analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone shows increased efficacy against prostate cancer ▶     Shengsheng Zhu, Qinxia Wang, Juan Jiang et al.     LHRH receptor, is over-expressed in a variety of human tumors and, is a potential binding site for targeted metastatic prostate cancer therapy. The objectives of our study were …             SmedOB1 is Required for Planarian Homeostasis and Regeneration ▶     Shanshan Yin, Yan Huang, Yingnan Zhangfang et al.     The planarian flatworm is an emerging model that is useful for studying homeostasis and regeneration due to its unique adult stem cells (ASCs). Previously, planaria were found to …             Structure and catalytic mechanism of monodehydroascorbate reductase, MDHAR, from Oryza sativa L. japonica ▶     Ae Kyung Park, Il-Sup Kim, Hackwon Do et al.     Ascorbic acid (AsA) maintains redox homeostasis by scavenging reactive oxygen species from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, especially plants. The enzyme monodehydroascorbate reductase …             Corrigendum: Screening for protein-protein interactions using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) ▶     Anca Margineanu, Jia Jia Chan, Douglas J. Kelly et al.                 Comparing nodal versus bony metastatic spread using tumour phylogenies ▶     Stefano Mangiola, Matthew K. H. Hong, Marek Cmero et al.     The role of lymph node metastases in distant prostate cancer dissemination and lethality is ill defined. Patients with metastases restricted to lymph nodes have a better …             Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells seeded on cartilaginous endplates promote Intervertebral Disc Regeneration through Extracellular Matrix Remodeling ▶     Catarina Leite Pereira, Graciosa Q. Teixeira, Cláudia Ribeiro-Machado et al.     Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is characterized by significant biochemical and histomorphological alterations, such as loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity, by …             The nuclear genome of Rhazya stricta and the evolution of alkaloid diversity in a medically relevant clade of Apocynaceae ▶     Jamal S. M. Sabir, Robert K. Jansen, Dhivya Arasappan et al.     Alkaloid accumulation in plants is activated in response to stress, is limited in distribution and specific alkaloid repertoires are variable across taxa. Rauvolfioideae …             IL-22 is rapidly induced by Pathogen Recognition Receptors Stimulation in Bone-Marrow-derived Dendritic Cells in the Absence of IL-23 ▶     Silvia Fumagalli, Anna Torri, Angela Papagna et al.     In vertebrates, microorganisms are recognized by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). Exposure of immune cells to the ligands of these receptors activates intracellular …             Energy crisis precedes global metabolic failure in a novel Caenorhabditis elegans Alzheimer Disease model ▶     Sheng Fong, Emelyne Teo, Li Fang Ng et al.     Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ), predominantly the Aβ1–42 form, in the brain. Mitochondrial …             Dysregulated JAK2 expression by TrkC promotes metastasis potential, and EMT program of metastatic breast cancer ▶     Min Soo Kim, Joon Jeong, Jeongbeob Seo et al.     Metastatic breast cancers are aggressive tumors associated with high levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, activation of IL6/JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT pathways …             UbC-StarTrack, a clonal method to target the entire progeny of individual progenitors ▶     María Figueres-Oñate, Jorge García-Marqués, Laura López-Mascaraque     Clonal cell analysis defines the potential of single cells and the diversity they can produce. To achieve this, we have developed a novel adaptation of the genetic tracing …             Identification of miRNAs and their targets in wild tomato at moderately and acutely elevated temperatures by high-throughput sequencing and degradome analysis ▶     Rong Zhou, Qian Wang, Fangling Jiang et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 19–24 nucleotide (nt) noncoding RNAs that play important roles in abiotic stress responses in plants. High temperatures have been the subject of …             Analysis of Sogatella furcifera proteome that interact with P10 protein of Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus ▶     Win Than, Faliang Qin, Wenwen Liu et al.     Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) is transmitted efficiently only by white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) in a persistent propagative manner. Here …             Plasmodium falciparum proteins involved in cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes to chemokine CX3CL1 ▶     Patricia Hermand, Liliane Cicéron, Cédric Pionneau et al.     Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is associated with cytoadherence of infected red blood cells (iRBC) to endothelial cells. Numerous host molecules have been involved in …             Identification of hepta-histidine as a candidate drug for Huntington’s disease by in silico-in vitro- in vivo-integrated screens of chemical libraries ▶     Tomomi Imamura, Kyota Fujita, Kazuhiko Tagawa et al.     We identified drug seeds for treating Huntington’s disease (HD) by combining in vitro single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, in silico molecular docking simulations, and in …             Spatial Distribution of the Cannabinoid Type 1 and Capsaicin Receptors May Contribute to the Complexity of Their Crosstalk ▶     Jie Chen, Angelika Varga, Srikumaran Selvarajah et al.     The cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor and the capsaicin receptor (TRPV1) exhibit co-expression and complex, but largely unknown, functional interactions in a sub-population of …             Removal of proprioception by BCI raises a stronger body ownership illusion in control of a humanlike robot ▶     Maryam Alimardani, Shuichi Nishio, Hiroshi Ishiguro     Body ownership illusions provide evidence that our sense of self is not coherent and can be extended to non-body objects. Studying about these illusions gives us practical tools …             Complete mitochondrial genomes of Trisidos kiyoni and Potiarca pilula: Varied mitochondrial genome size and highly rearranged gene order in Arcidae ▶     Shao’e Sun, Qi Li, Lingfeng Kong et al.     We present the complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Trisidos kiyoni and Potiarca pilula, both important species from the family Arcidae (Arcoida: Arcacea). Typical …             Quantifying overlap between the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and predicted bluefin tuna spawning habitat in the Gulf of Mexico ▶     Elliott L. Hazen, Aaron B. Carlisle, Steven G. Wilson et al.     Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are distributed throughout the North Atlantic and are both economically valuable and heavily exploited. The fishery is currently managed …             Identification of gefitinib off-targets using a structure-based systems biology approach; their validation with reverse docking and retrospective data mining ▶     Nidhi Verma, Amit Kumar Rai, Vibha Kaushik et al.     Gefitinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used as FDA approved drug in breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer treatment. However, this drug has certain side effects …             Contrasting diets reveal metabolic plasticity in the tree-killing beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) ▶     Charles J. Mason, Erin D. Scully, Scott M. Geib et al.     Wood-feeding insects encounter challenging diets containing low protein quantities, recalcitrant carbohydrate sources, and plant defensive compounds. The Asian longhorned beetle (…             24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol protects the ex vivo rat retina from injury by elevated hydrostatic pressure ▶     Makoto Ishikawa, Takeshi Yoshitomi, Charles F. Zorumski et al.     In the central nervous system, 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol (24(S)-HC) is an oxysterol synthesized from cholesterol by cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) encoded by the cyp46a1 …             Intein mediated hyper-production of authentic human basic fibroblast growth factor in Escherichia coli ▶     Keith W. Y. Kwong, T. Sivakumar, W. K. R. Wong     Human basic fibroblast growth factor is a functionally versatile but very expensive polypeptide. In this communication, employing a novel amplification method for the target gene …             Effect of Intermittent versus Chronic Calorie Restriction on Tumor Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies ▶     Yalan Chen, Lifeng Ling, Guanglei Su et al.     Both chronic calorie restriction (CCR) and intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) have shown anticancer effects. However, the direct evidence comparing ICR to CCR with respect to …             Metabolic and Dynamic Profiling for Risk Assessment of Fluopyram, a Typical Phenylamide Fungicide Widely Applied in Vegetable Ecosystem ▶     Peng Wei, Yanan Liu, Wenzhuo Li et al.     Fluopyram, a typical phenylamide fungicide, was widely applied to protect fruit vegetables from fungal pathogens-responsible yield loss. Highly linked to the ecological and …             Systematic analysis of genetic variants in Han Chinese patients with sporadic Parkinson’s disease ▶     Lamei Yuan, Zhi Song, Xiong Deng et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Accumulated evidence confirms that genetic factors play a considerable role in PD pathogenesis. To …             Curli mediate bacterial adhesion to fibronectin via tensile multiple bonds ▶     Yoo Jin Oh, Michael Hubauer-Brenner, Hermann J. Gruber et al.     Many enteric bacteria including pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains produce curli fibers that bind to host surfaces, leading to bacterial internalization into host …             NOR-1/NR4A3 regulates the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (cIAP2) in vascular cells: role in the survival response to hypoxic stress ▶     Judith Alonso, María Galán, Ingrid Martí-Pàmies et al.     Vascular cell survival is compromised under pathological conditions such as abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We have previously shown that the nuclear receptor NOR-1 is involved …             Mitochondrial pathogenic mechanism and degradation in optineurin E50K mutation-mediated retinal ganglion cell degeneration ▶     Myoung Sup Shim, Yuji Takihara, Keun-Young Kim et al.     Mutations in optineurin (OPTN) are linked to the pathology of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Emerging evidence indicates that OPTN mutation …             Influenza A Virus Polymerase Recruits the RNA Helicase DDX19 to Promote the Nuclear Export of Viral mRNAs ▶     Cédric Diot, Guillaume Fournier, Mélanie Dos Santos et al.     Enhancing the knowledge of host factors that are required for efficient influenza A virus (IAV) replication is essential to address questions related to pathogenicity and to …             Dopaminergic Receptors on CD4+ T Naive and Memory Lymphocytes Correlate with Motor Impairment in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Natasa Kustrimovic, Emanuela Rasini, Massimiliano Legnaro et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta, α-synuclein (α-syn)-rich intraneuronal inclusions (Lewy bodies), and …             High throughput sequencing analysis of RNA libraries reveals the influences of initial library and PCR methods on SELEX efficiency ▶     Mayumi Takahashi, Xiwei Wu, Michelle Ho et al.     The systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technique is a powerful and effective aptamer-selection procedure. However, modifications to the process can …             Retinal expression of small non-coding RNAs in a murine model of proliferative retinopathy ▶     Chi-Hsiu Liu, Zhongxiao Wang, Ye Sun et al.     Ocular neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness in proliferative retinopathy. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) play critical roles in both vascular and neuronal …             Associations between metabolic syndrome and clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia in a northern urban Han Chinese population: A prospective cohort study ▶     Si-Cong Zhao, Ming Xia, Jian-Chun Tang et al.     Biologic rationales exist for the associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, epidemiologic studies have yield inconsistent …             Preferential uptake of antioxidant carbon nanoparticles by T lymphocytes for immunomodulation ▶     Redwan Huq, Errol L. G. Samuel, William K. A. Sikkema et al.     Autoimmune diseases mediated by a type of white blood cell—T lymphocytes—are currently treated using mainly broad-spectrum immunosuppressants that can lead to adverse side …             The origin of neutron biological effectiveness as a function of energy ▶     G. Baiocco, S. Barbieri, G. Babini et al.     The understanding of the impact of radiation quality in early and late responses of biological targets to ionizing radiation exposure necessarily grounds on the results of …             Mislocalisation of BEST1 in iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells from a family with autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC) ▶     David A. Carter, Matthew J. K. Smart, William V. G. Letton et al.     Autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC) is a rare, early-onset retinal dystrophy characterised by distinct bands of circumferential pigmentary degeneration in the …             Neuronal networks provide rapid neuroprotection against spreading toxicity ▶     Andrew J. Samson, Graham Robertson, Michele Zagnoni et al.     Acute secondary neuronal cell death, as seen in neurodegenerative disease, cerebral ischemia (stroke) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), drives spreading neurotoxicity into …             Erratum: Inhibition of DNA Methyltransferases Blocks Mutant Huntingtin-Induced Neurotoxicity ▶     Yanchun Pan, Takuji Daito, Yo Sasaki et al.                 Helitron-like transposons contributed to the mating system transition from out-crossing to self-fertilizing in polyploid Brassica napus L. ▶     Changbin Gao, Guilong Zhou, Chaozhi Ma et al.     The mating system transition in polyploid Brassica napus (AACC) from out-crossing to selfing is a typical trait to differentiate it from their diploid progenitors. Elucidating …             Quantitative Analysis of the Microtubule Interaction of Rabies Virus P3 Protein: Roles in Immune Evasion and Pathogenesis ▶     Aaron Brice, Donna R. Whelan, Naoto Ito et al.     Although microtubules (MTs) are known to have important roles in intracellular transport of many viruses, a number of reports suggest that specific viral MT-associated proteins …             Fibrils of Truncated Pyroglutamyl-Modified Aβ Peptide Exhibit a Similar Structure as Wildtype Mature Aβ Fibrils ▶     Holger A. Scheidt, Juliane Adler, Martin Krueger et al.     Fibrillation of differently modified amyloid β peptides and deposition as senile plaques are hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease. N-terminally truncated variants, where the …             Molecular imaging of brain localization of liposomes in mice using MALDI mass spectrometry ▶     Annabelle Fülöp, Denis A. Sammour, Katrin Erich et al.     Phospholipids have excellent biocompatibility and are therefore often used as main components of liposomal drug carriers. In traditional bioanalytics, the in-vivo distribution of …             Resilience of bacterial quorum sensing against fluid flow ▶     Philippe Emge, Jens Moeller, Hongchul Jang et al.     Quorum sensing (QS) is a population-density dependent chemical process that enables bacteria to communicate based on the production, secretion and sensing of small inducer …             Investigation of SP94 Peptide as a Specific Probe for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Imaging and Therapy ▶     Yanli Li, Yan Hu, Jie Xiao et al.     SP94 (SFSIIHTPILPL), a novel peptide, has shown specific binding to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We aimed to investigate the capability of SP94 as a targeting probe for …             Erratum: The anti-inflammatory properties of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad essential oil attenuate the effects of traumatic brain injuries in rats ▶     Elham Abbasloo, Fatemeh Dehghan, Mohammad Khaksari et al.                 Quinone derivatives isolated from the endolichenic fungus Phialocephala fortinii are Mdr1 modulators that combat azole resistance in Candida albicans ▶     Fei Xie, Wenqiang Chang, Ming Zhang et al.     One of the main azole-resistance mechanisms in Candida pathogens is the upregulation of drug efflux pumps, which compromises the efficacy of azoles and results in treatment …             Transcriptome meta-analysis reveals a dysregulation in extra cellular matrix and cell junction associated gene signatures during Dengue virus infection ▶     Sumbul Afroz, Jeevan Giddaluru, Mohd. Manzar Abbas et al.     Dengue Viruses (DENVs) cause one of the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. Identification of genes involved in DENV …             The PRKD1 promoter is a target of the KRas-NF-κB pathway in pancreatic cancer ▶     Heike Döppler, Richard Panayiotou, Elizabeth M. Reid et al.     Increased expression of PRKD1 and its gene product protein kinase D1 (PKD1) are linked to oncogenic signaling in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but a direct functional …             Terrestrial mountain islands and Pleistocene climate fluctuations as motors for speciation: A case study on the genus Pseudovelia (Hemiptera: Veliidae) ▶     Zhen Ye, Pingping Chen, Wenjun Bu     This study investigated the influences of geographic isolation and climate fluctuation on the genetic diversity, speciation, and biogeography of the genus Pseudovelia (Hemiptera: …             Erratum: Interaction of single and multi wall carbon nanotubes with the biological systems: tau protein and PC12 cells as targets ▶     Hojjat Alizadeh Zeinabad, Alireza Zarrabian, Ali Akbar Saboury et al.                 Disrupted brain metabolic connectivity in a 6-OHDA-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease examined using persistent homology-based analysis ▶     Hyung-Jun Im, Jarang Hahm, Hyejin Kang et al.     Movement impairments in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the consequent disruption of connectivity in the …             Rigidity of silicone substrates controls cell spreading and stem cell differentiation ▶     Grigory Vertelov, Edgar Gutierrez, Sin-Ae Lee et al.     The dependences of spreading and differentiation of stem cells plated on hydrogel and silicone gel substrates on the rigidity and porosity of the substrates have recently been a …             Comprehensive Modeling and Discovery of Mebendazole as a Novel TRAF2- and NCK-interacting Kinase Inhibitor ▶     Zhi Tan, Lu Chen, Shuxing Zhang     TRAF2- and NCK-interacting kinase (TNIK) represents one of the crucial targets for Wnt-activated colorectal cancer. In this study, we curated two datasets and conducted a …             Neural substrates underlying delusions in schizophrenia ▶     Jiajia Zhu, Chuanjun Zhuo, Feng Liu et al.     Delusions are cardinal positive symptoms in schizophrenia; however, the neural substrates of delusions remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the neural correlates …             Fluorescent protein-scorpion toxin chimera is a convenient molecular tool for studies of potassium channels ▶     Alexey I. Kuzmenkov, Oksana V. Nekrasova, Kseniya S. Kudryashova et al.     Ion channels play a central role in a host of physiological and pathological processes and are the second largest target for existing drugs. There is an increasing need for …             Numerosity perception after size adaptation ▶     Eckart Zimmermann, Gereon R. Fink     While some researchers propose the existence of a special numerosity sense, others challenge this view and argue that numerosity is derived from low-level features as density …             Engineering new balancer chromosomes in C. elegans via CRISPR/Cas9 ▶     Satoru Iwata, Sawako Yoshina, Yuji Suehiro et al.     Balancer chromosomes are convenient tools used to maintain lethal mutations in heterozygotes. We established a method for engineering new balancers in C. elegans by using the …             Nuclear actin modulates cell motility via transcriptional regulation of adhesive and cytoskeletal genes ▶     Amir S. Sharili, Fiona N. Kenny, Maria K. Vartiainen et al.     The actin cytoskeleton is a classic biomechanical mediator of cell migration. While it is known that actin also shuttles in and out of the nucleus, its functions within this …             G-quadruplex aptamer targeting Protein A and its capability to detect Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated by ELONA ▶     Regina Stoltenburg, Petra Krafčiková, Viktor Víglaský et al.     Aptamers for whole cell detection are selected mostly by the Cell-SELEX procedure. Alternatively, the use of specific cell surface epitopes as target during aptamer selections …             Somatically expressed germ-granule components, PGL-1 and PGL-3, repress programmed cell death in C. elegans ▶     Mohammad Al-Amin, Hyemin Min, Yhong-Hee Shim et al.     We previously reported that germline apoptosis in C. elegans increased by loss of PGL-1 and PGL-3, members of a family of constitutive germ-granule components, from germ cells in …             Genome-wide In Silico Analysis, Characterization and Identification of Microsatellites in Spodoptera littoralis Multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) ▶     Mohamed A. M. Atia, Gamal H. Osman, Wael H. Elmenofy     In this study, we undertook a survey to analyze the distribution and frequency of microsatellites or Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) in Spodoptera littoralis multiple …             Corrigendum: Metabolic rates of giant pandas inform conservation strategies ▶     Yuxiang Fei, Rong Hou, James R. Spotila et al.                 Vascular cambium regeneration and vessel formation in wounded inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis ▶     Ewa Mazur, Eva Benková, Jiří Friml     Synchronized tissue polarization during regeneration or de novo vascular tissue formation is a plant-specific example of intercellular communication and coordinated development. …             Circadian dynamics in measures of cortical excitation and inhibition balance ▶     Sarah L. Chellappa, Giulia Gaggioni, Julien Q. M. Ly et al.     Several neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders have recently been characterized as dysfunctions arising from a ‘final common pathway’ of imbalanced excitation to inhibition …             Dampening Spontaneous Activity Improves the Light Sensitivity and Spatial Acuity of Optogenetic Retinal Prosthetic Responses ▶     John Martin Barrett, Gerrit Hilgen, Evelyne Sernagor     Retinitis pigmentosa is a progressive retinal dystrophy that causes irreversible visual impairment and blindness. Retinal prostheses currently represent the only clinically …             MBD3 expression and DNA binding patterns are altered in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy ▶     Joanna Bednarczyk, Konrad J. Dębski, Anna M. Bot et al.     The aim of the present study was to examine involvement of MBD3 (methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 3), a protein involved in reading DNA methylation patterns, in epileptogenesis …             Population genomics of C. melanopterus using target gene capture data: demographic inferences and conservation perspectives ▶     Pierpaolo Maisano Delser, Shannon Corrigan, Matthew Hale et al.     Population genetics studies on non-model organisms typically involve sampling few markers from multiple individuals. Next-generation sequencing approaches open up the possibility …             Wild chimpanzees modify modality of gestures according to the strength of social bonds and personal network size ▶     Anna Ilona Roberts, Sam George Bradley Roberts     Primates form strong and enduring social bonds with others and these bonds have important fitness consequences. However, how different types of communication are associated with …             The interplay between neuronal activity and actin dynamics mimic the setting of an LTD synaptic tag ▶     Eszter C. Szabó, Rita Manguinhas, Rosalina Fonseca     Persistent forms of plasticity, such as long-term depression (LTD), are dependent on the interplay between activity-dependent synaptic tags and the capture of plasticity-related …             Polyamines release the let-7b-mediated suppression of initiation codon recognition during the protein synthesis of EXT2 ▶     Masataka Imamura, Kyohei Higashi, Katsutoshi Yamaguchi et al.     Proteoglycans (PGs), a family of glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-protein glycoconjugates, contribute to animal physiology through interactions between their glycan chains and growth …             Cholesterol Alters the Dynamics of Release in Protein Independent Cell Models for Exocytosis ▶     Neda Najafinobar, Lisa J. Mellander, Michael E. Kurczy et al.     Neurons communicate via an essential process called exocytosis. Cholesterol, an abundant lipid in both secretory vesicles and cell plasma membrane can affect this process. In …             Trauma-specific Grey Matter Alterations in PTSD ▶     Linghui Meng, Jing Jiang, Changfeng Jin et al.     Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caused by different types of trauma may show divergence in epidemiology, clinical …             Construction of a Corneal Stromal Equivalent with SMILE-Derived Lenticules and Fibrin Glue ▶     Houfa Yin, Peijin Qiu, Fang Wu et al.     The scarcity of corneal tissue to treat deep corneal defects and corneal perforations remains a challenge. Currently, small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE)-derived …             During acute experimental infection with the reticulotropic Trypanosoma cruzi strain Tulahuen IL-22 is induced IL-23-dependently but is dispensable for protection ▶     Hanna Erdmann, Jochen Behrends, Christoph Hölscher     Protective immunity against Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, depends on the activation of macrophages by IFN-γ and IL-17A. In contrast, IL-10 prevents …             Driving forces of soil bacterial community structure, diversity, and function in temperate grasslands and forests ▶     Kristin Kaiser, Bernd Wemheuer, Vera Korolkow et al.     Soil bacteria provide a large range of ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling. Despite their important role in soil systems, compositional and functional responses of …             Photobiomodulation (blue and green light) encourages osteoblastic-differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells: role of intracellular calcium and light-gated ion channels ▶     Yuguang Wang, Ying-Ying Huang, Yong Wang et al.     Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) have the potential to differentiate into several different cell types including osteoblasts. Photobiomodulation (PBM) or low level laser …             Atmospheric transformation of plant volatiles disrupts host plant finding ▶     Tao Li, James D. Blande, Jarmo K. Holopainen     Plant-emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play important roles in plant-insect interactions. Atmospheric pollutants such as ozone (O3) can react with VOCs and affect the …             Biochemical and genome sequence analyses of Megasphaera sp. strain DISK18 from dental plaque of a healthy individual reveals commensal lifestyle ▶     Nayudu Nallabelli, Prashant P. Patil, Vijay Kumar Pal et al.     Much of the work in periodontal microbiology in recent years has focused on identifying and understanding periodontal pathogens. As the majority of oral microbes have not yet …             Neprilysin is a Mediator of Alternative Renin-Angiotensin-System Activation in the Murine and Human Kidney ▶     Oliver Domenig, Arndt Manzel, Nadja Grobe et al.     Cardiovascular and renal pathologies are frequently associated with an activated renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) and increased levels of its main effector and vasoconstrictor …             IL-18BP is decreased in osteoporotic women: Prevents Inflammasome mediated IL-18 activation and reduces Th17 differentiation ▶     Mohd Nizam Mansoori, Priyanka Shukla, Manisha Kakaji et al.     IL-18BP is a natural antagonist of pro-inflammatory IL-18 cytokine linked to autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis. However, its role in post menopausal osteoporosis is …             Discovery, screening and evaluation of a plasma biomarker panel for subjects with psychological suboptimal health state using 1H-NMR-based metabolomics profiles ▶     Jun-sheng Tian, Xiao-tao Xia, Yan-fei Wu et al.     Individuals in the state of psychological suboptimal health keep increasing, only scales and questionnaires were used to diagnose in clinic under current conditions, and symptoms …             Differential human urinary lipid profiles using various lipid-extraction protocols: MALDI-TOF and LIFT-TOF/TOF analyses ▶     Phornpimon Tipthara, Visith Thongboonkerd     Changes in lipid levels/profiles can reflect health status and diseases. Urinary lipidomics, thus, has a great potential in clinical diagnostics/prognostics. Previously, only …             Structural studies of the yeast DNA damage-inducible protein Ddi1 reveal domain architecture of this eukaryotic protein family ▶     Jean-François Trempe, Klára Grantz Šašková, Monika Sivá et al.     The eukaryotic Ddi1 family is defined by a conserved retroviral aspartyl protease-like (RVP) domain found in association with a ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain. Ddi1 from …             Transcriptome analysis of periodontitis-associated fibroblasts by CAGE sequencing identified DLX5 and RUNX2 long variant as novel regulators involved in periodontitis ▶     Masafumi Horie, Yoko Yamaguchi, Akira Saito et al.     Periodontitis is affecting over half of the adult population, and represents a major public health problem. Previously, we isolated a subset of gingival fibroblasts (GFs) from …             Structural basis for disruption of claudin assembly in tight junctions by an enterotoxin ▶     Takehiro Shinoda, Naoko Shinya, Kaori Ito et al.     The food-poisoning bacterium Clostridium perfringens produces an enterotoxin (~35 kDa) that specifically targets human claudin-4, among the 26 human claudin proteins, and causes …             Transcriptomic comparison between Brassica oleracea and rice (Oryza sativa) reveals diverse modulations on cell death in response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ▶     Jiaqin Mei, Yijuan Ding, Yuehua Li et al.     Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating disease of Brassica crops, but not in rice. The leaves of a rice line, a partial resistant (R) and a …             Fully Automatic System for Accurate Localisation and Analysis of Cephalometric Landmarks in Lateral Cephalograms ▶     Claudia Lindner, Ching-Wei Wang, Cheng-Ta Huang et al.     Cephalometric tracing is a standard analysis tool for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a fully automatic landmark …             Enhanced release of primary signals may render intercellular signalling ineffective due to spatial aspects ▶     Pavel Kundrát, Werner Friedland     Detailed mechanistic modelling has been performed of the intercellular signalling cascade between precancerous cells and their normal neighbours that leads to a selective removal …             A Hardy Plant Facilitates Nitrogen Removal via Microbial Communities in Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands in Winter ▶     Penghe Wang, Hui Zhang, Jie Zuo et al.     The plants effect in subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSF-CWs) is controversial, especially at low temperatures. Consequently, several SSF-CWs planted with Iris pseudacorus …             Genetic Characterization of Plasmodium Putative Pantothenate Kinase Genes Reveals Their Essential Role in Malaria Parasite Transmission to the Mosquito ▶     Robert J. Hart, Emmanuel Cornillot, Amanah Abraham et al.     The metabolic machinery for the biosynthesis of Coenzyme A (CoA) from exogenous pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) has long been considered as an excellent target for the development …             Antiviral activities of peptide-based covalent inhibitors of the Enterovirus 71 3C protease ▶     Yong Wah Tan, Melgious Jin Yan Ang, Qiu Ying Lau et al.     Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease is a highly contagious disease caused by a range of human enteroviruses. Outbreaks occur regularly, especially in the Asia-Pacific region, putting a …             SlARF2a plays a negative role in mediating axillary shoot formation ▶     Tao Xu, Xin Liu, Rong Wang et al.     SlARF2a is expressed in most plant organs, including roots, leaves, flowers and fruits. A detailed expression study revealed that SlARF2a is mainly expressed in the leaf nodes …             Identification of antisense long noncoding RNAs that function as SINEUPs in human cells ▶     Aleks Schein, Silvia Zucchelli, Sakari Kauppinen et al.     Mammalian genomes encode numerous natural antisense long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that regulate gene expression. Recently, an antisense lncRNA to mouse Ubiquitin …             Origin of the plant Tm-1-like gene via two independent horizontal transfer events and one gene fusion event ▶     Zefeng Yang, Li Liu, Huimin Fang et al.     The Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) resistance gene Tm-1 encodes a direct inhibitor of ToMV RNA replication to protect tomato from infection. The plant Tm-1-like (Tm-1L) protein is …             Polycomb repressive complex 2 facilitates the nuclear export of the influenza viral genome through the interaction with M1 ▶     Masamitsu N. Asaka, Atsushi Kawaguchi, Yuri Sakai et al.     The organization of nuclear domains is crucial for biological events including virus infection. Newly synthesized influenza viral genome forms viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) …             Multi-Phenotypic subtyping of circulating tumor cells using sequential fluorescent quenching and restaining ▶     Daniel L Adams, R. Katherine Alpaugh, Susan Tsai et al.     In tissue biopsies formalin fixed paraffin embedded cancer blocks are micro-sectioned producing multiple semi-identical specimens which are analyzed and subtyped proteomically, …             Diurnal variations of hormonal secretion, alertness and cognition in extreme chronotypes under different lighting conditions ▶     L. Maierova, A. Borisuit, J.-L. Scartezzini et al.     Circadian rhythms in physiology and behavior are modulated by external factors such as light or temperature. We studied whether self-selected office lighting during the habitual …             Inferences of drug responses in cancer cells from cancer genomic features and compound chemical and therapeutic properties ▶     Yongcui Wang, Jianwen Fang, Shilong Chen     Accurately predicting the response of a cancer patient to a therapeutic agent is a core goal of precision medicine. Existing approaches were mainly relied primarily on genomic …             A Francisella-like endosymbiont in the Gulf Coast tick evolved from a mammalian pathogen ▶     Jonathan G. Gerhart, Abraham S. Moses, Rahul Raghavan     Ticks (order Ixodida) vector pathogenic bacteria that cause diseases in humans and other mammals. They also contain bacteria that are closely related to pathogens but function as …             Receptor and transporter binding and activity profiles of albiflorin extracted from Radix paeoniae Alba ▶     Zeng-liang Jin, Nana Gao, Weizhe Xu et al.     Albiflorin, a traditional Chinese herb, is a main component of Radix paeoniae Alba, which has been used for the treatment of depressive disorders since ancient times. However, …             Temporal Development of Gut Microbiota in Triclocarban Exposed Pregnant and Neonatal Rats ▶     Rebekah C. Kennedy, Russell R. Fling, Michael S. Robeson et al.     Alteration of gut microbial colonization process may influence susceptibility of the newborn/infant to infectious and chronic disease. Infectious disease risk leads to widespread …             Oscillatory activity in auditory cortex reflects the perceptual level of audio-tactile integration ▶     Michael Plöchl, Jeremy Gaston, Tim Mermagen et al.     Cross-modal interactions between sensory channels have been shown to depend on both the spatial disparity and the perceptual similarity between the presented stimuli. Here we …             Prefrontal connections express individual differences in intrinsic resistance to trading off honesty values against economic benefits ▶     Azade Dogan, Yosuke Morishima, Felix Heise et al.     Individuals differ profoundly when they decide whether to tell the truth or to be dishonest, particularly in situations where moral motives clash with economic motives, i.e., …             Perception and recognition of faces in adolescence ▶     D. Fuhrmann, L. J. Knoll, A. L. Sakhardande et al.     Most studies on the development of face cognition abilities have focussed on childhood, with early maturation accounts contending that face cognition abilities are mature by 3–5 …             Porcine milk-derived exosomes promote proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells ▶     Ting Chen, Mei-Ying Xie, Jia-Jie Sun et al.     Milk-derived exosomes were identified as a novel mechanism of mother-to-child transmission of regulatory molecules, but their functions in intestinal tissues of neonates are not …             Species identification by experts and non-experts: comparing images from field guides ▶     G. E. Austen, M. Bindemann, R. A. Griffiths et al.     Accurate species identification is fundamental when recording ecological data. However, the ability to correctly identify organisms visually is rarely questioned. We investigated …             Comparative transcriptome profiling of longissimus muscle tissues from Qianhua Mutton Merino and Small Tail Han sheep ▶     Limin Sun, Man Bai, Lujie Xiang et al.     The Qianhua Mutton Merino (QHMM) is a new sheep (Ovis aries) variety with better meat performance compared with the traditional local variety Small Tail Han (STH) sheep. We aimed …             Loss of Lysyl Oxidase-like 3 Attenuates Embryonic Lung Development in Mice ▶     Jian Zhang, Ziyi Liu, Tingting Zhang et al.     Lysyl oxidase-like 3 (LOXL3), a human disease gene candidate, is a member of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family and is indispensable for mouse palatogenesis and vertebral column …             Tumor suppressor p53 protects mice against Listeria monocytogenes infection ▶     Shaohui Wang, Pingping Liu, Jianchao Wei et al.     Tumor suppressor p53 is involved in regulating immune responses, which contribute to antitumor and antiviral activity. However, whether p53 has anti-bacterial functions remains …             Genome-Wide Association Study Dissecting the Genetic Architecture Underlying the Branch Angle Trait in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) ▶     Chengming Sun, Benqi Wang, Xiaohua Wang et al.     The rapeseed branch angle is an important morphological trait because an adequate branch angle enables more efficient light capture under high planting densities. Here, we report …             Myelinating glia differentiation is regulated by extracellular matrix elasticity ▶     Mateusz M. Urbanski, Lyle Kingsbury, Daniel Moussouros et al.     The mechanical properties of living tissues have a significant impact on cell differentiation, but remain unexplored in the context of myelin formation and repair. In the PNS, …             Absence of apolipoprotein E protects mice from cerebral malaria ▶     Fikregabrail Aberra Kassa, Kristin Van Den Ham, Anthony Rainone et al.     Cerebral malaria claims the life of millions of people each year, particularly those of children, and is a major global public health problem. Thus, the identification of novel …             Activation of Adenosine 2A receptor inhibits neutrophil apoptosis in an autophagy-dependent manner in mice with systemic inflammatory response syndrome ▶     Yang-Wuyue Liu, Ting Yang, Li Zhao et al.     Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an overwhelming whole body inflammation caused by infectious diseases or sterile insults. Neutrophils are the dominant …             Retinal transcriptome sequencing sheds light on the adaptation to nocturnal and diurnal lifestyles in raptors ▶     Yonghua Wu, Elizabeth A. Hadly, Wenjia Teng et al.     Owls (Strigiformes) represent a fascinating group of birds that are the ecological night-time counterparts to diurnal raptors (Accipitriformes). The nocturnality of owls, unusual …             Sequence analysis of the Hsp70 family in moss and evaluation of their functions in abiotic stress responses ▶     Ting Tang, Anmin Yu, Ping Li et al.     The 70-kD heat shock proteins (Hsp70s) are highly conserved molecular chaperones that play essential roles in cellular processes including abiotic stress responses. …             Remote Actuation of Magnetic Nanoparticles For Cancer Cell Selective Treatment Through Cytoskeletal Disruption ▶     Alyssa M. Master, Philise N. Williams, Nikorn Pothayee et al.     Motion of micron and sub-micron size magnetic particles in alternating magnetic fields can activate mechanosensitive cellular functions or physically destruct cancer cells. …             HSPA12B Attenuated Acute Myocardial Ischemia/reperfusion Injury via Maintaining Endothelial Integrity in a PI3K/Akt/mTOR-dependent Mechanism ▶     Qiuyue Kong, Leyang Dai, Yana Wang et al.     Endothelial damage is a critical mediator of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. HSPA12B is an endothelial-cell-specifically expressed heat shock protein. However, the …             Litter input decreased the response of soil organic matter decomposition to warming in two subtropical forest soils ▶     Qingkui Wang, Tongxin He, Jing Liu     Interaction effect of temperature and litter input on SOM decomposition is poor understood, restricting accurate prediction of the dynamics and stocks of soil organic carbon …             Genetic and environmental influences on the germination of basidiospores in the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex ▶     Adrian Forsythe, Aaron Vogan, Jianping Xu     In basidiomycetous fungi, the viability of basidiospores is an important component of sexual fitness. However, relatively little is known about the genetic and environmental …             Prostate tumor attenuation in the nu/nu murine model due to anti-sarcosine antibodies in folate-targeted liposomes ▶     Zbynek Heger, Hana Polanska, Miguel Angel Merlos Rodrigo et al.     Herein, we describe the preparation of liposomes with folate-targeting properties for the encapsulation of anti-sarcosine antibodies (antisarAbs@LIP) and sarcosine (sar@LIP). The …             Ablation of Y1 receptor impairs osteoclast bone-resorbing activity ▶     Daniela M. Sousa, Francisco Conceição, Diana I. Silva et al.     Y1 receptor (Y1R)-signalling pathway plays a pivotal role in the regulation of bone metabolism. The lack of Y1R-signalling stimulates bone mass accretion that has been mainly …             Role of C/EBP-α in Adriamycin-induced podocyte injury ▶     Fang Zhong, Weiming Wang, Kyung Lee et al.     Podocytes are terminally differentiated epithelial cells in the kidney glomeruli that act as a key component of the glomerular filtration barrier. Although the inciting injury to …             Biological application of Compressed Sensing Tomography in the Scanning Electron Microscope ▶     Matteo Ferroni, Alberto Signoroni, Andrea Sanzogni et al.     The three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction of a biological sample, namely collagen fibrils in human dermal tissue, was obtained from a set of projection-images acquired in …             Induction of triglyceride accumulation and mitochondrial maintenance in muscle cells by lactate ▶     Jingquan Sun, Xin Ye, Minhao Xie et al.     Muscle exercise induces intramuscular triglyceride (TG) accumulation and promotes mitochondrial maintenance in myotubes. However, the mechanism underlying exercise effects …             Hypermetabolism in B–lymphocytes from malignant hyperthermia susceptible individuals ▶     Kerstin Hoppe, Guido Hack, Frank Lehmann–Horn et al.     Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle metabolism which is characterized by generalized muscle rigidity, increased body temperature, …             pH/NIR Light-Controlled Multidrug Release via a Mussel-Inspired Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Chemo-Photothermal Cancer Therapy ▶     Amin GhavamiNejad, Melisa SamariKhalaj, Ludwig Erik Aguilar et al.     This study reports on an intelligent composite hydrogel with both pH-dependent drug release in a cancer environment and heat generation based on NIR laser exposure, for the …             Impact of TROP2 expression on prognosis in solid tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis ▶     Ping Zeng, Min-Bin Chen, Li-Na Zhou et al.     Over-expression of TROP2 (the trophoblast cell surface antigen 2) was reported to predict poor prognosis in various solid tumors in number of studies. However, the results …             Portable microsystem integrates multifunctional dielectrophoresis manipulations and a surface stress biosensor to detect red blood cells for hemolytic anemia ▶     Shengbo Sang, Qiliang Feng, Aoqun Jian et al.     Hemolytic anemia intensity has been suggested as a vital factor for the growth of certain clinical complications of sickle cell disease. However, there is no effective and rapid …             Validation of trophic and anthropic underwater noise as settlement trigger in blue mussels ▶     Aurélie Jolivet, Rejean Tremblay, Fréderic Olivier et al.     Like the majority of benthic invertebrates, the blue mussel Mytilus edulis has a bentho-pelagic cycle with its larval settlement being a complex phenomenon involving numerous …             Two novel AGXT mutations identified in primary hyperoxaluria type-1 and distinct morphological and structural difference in kidney stones ▶     Cui Wang, Jingru Lu, Yanhua Lang et al.     Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare genetic disease characterized by excessive oxalate accumulation in plasma and urine, resulting in various phenotypes because of …             Increased PKCα activity by Rack1 overexpression is responsible for chemotherapy resistance in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia-derived cell line ▶     Jie Lei, Qi Li, Ying Gao et al.     Chemoresistant mechanisms in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients are not clarified. The apoptotic signaling mediated by receptor of activated C kinase 1 (Rack1), …             Halobacterial nano vesicles displaying murine bactericidal permeability-increasing protein rescue mice from lethal endotoxic shock ▶     Arjun Balakrishnan, Priya DasSarma, Oindrilla Bhattacharjee et al.     Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) had been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and endotoxin neutralizing activity by interacting with LPS of Gram-negative …             Candida albicans Dbf4-dependent Cdc7 kinase plays a novel role in the inhibition of hyphal development ▶     Wei-Chung Lai, Tschen-wei Chang, Chang Hao Wu et al.     Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen. The ability to switch among multiple cellular forms is key to its pathogenesis. The Dbf4-dependent protein kinase gene …             CCT2 Mutations Evoke Leber Congenital Amaurosis due to Chaperone Complex Instability ▶     Yuriko Minegishi, XunLun Sheng, Kazutoshi Yoshitake et al.     Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a hereditary early-onset retinal dystrophy that is accompanied by severe macular degeneration. In this study, novel compound heterozygous …                       The npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Community provides an online space for members to share and discuss research, ideas and opinions on both microbial biofilms and microbiomes. A companion site to the journal, the Community allows members to learn more from journal authors, connect with their peers, find out about upcoming events and conferences and collaborate together to advance science. Sign up for free >>>                Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Isoxazolines/Oxime Sulfonates of 2′(2′,6′)-(Di)Chloropodophyllotoxins as Insecticidal Agents ▶     Mingqiao Yu, Guangci Liu, Yuanyuan Zhang et al.     A series of 2′(2′,6′)-(di)halogeno-isoxazolopodophyllic acids-based esters, and oxime sulfonates of 2′(2′,6′)-(di)halogenopodophyllones were prepared by structural modifications …             Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Block Copolypeptoids – Micelles, Worms and Polymersomes ▶     Corinna Fetsch, Jens Gaitzsch, Lea Messager et al.     Polypeptoids are an old but recently rediscovered polymer class with interesting synthetic, physico-chemical and biological characteristics. Here, we introduce new aromatic …             Sporicidal performance induced by photocatalytic production of organic peroxide under visible light irradiation ▶     Yuichi Yamaguchi, Takahito Shimodo, Noriyasu Chikamori et al.     Bacteria that cause serious food poisoning are known to sporulate under conditions of nutrient and water shortage. The resulting spores have much greater resistance to common …             Nb2O5-γ-Al2O3 nanofibers as heterogeneous catalysts for efficient conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural ▶     Huanfeng Jiao, Xiaoliang Zhao, Chunxiao Lv et al.     One-dimensional γ-Al2O3 nanofibers were modified with Nb2O5 to be used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst to catalyze biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). At low Nb2O…             Textile Organic Electrochemical Transistors as a Platform for Wearable Biosensors ▶     I. Gualandi, M. Marzocchi, A. Achilli et al.     The development of wearable chemical sensors is receiving a great deal of attention in view of non-invasive and continuous monitoring of physiological parameters in healthcare …             Mesoporous Silica Supported Pd-MnOx Catalysts with Excellent Catalytic Activity in Room-Temperature Formic Acid Decomposition ▶     Min-Ho Jin, Duckkyu Oh, Ju-Hyoung Park et al.     For the application of formic acid as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier, development of efficient catalysts for dehydrogenation of formic acid is a challenging topic, and most …             Tanshinones and diethyl blechnics with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) ▶     Hongwei Gao, Wen Sun, Jianping Zhao et al.     Four novel compounds (1–4) as well as fourteen reported compounds (5–18) were isolated and purified from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). The structures of novel compounds …             Anomalous Enhancement of Mechanical Properties in the Ammonia Adsorbed Defective Graphene ▶     Fengxian Ma, Yalong Jiao, Yuantong Gu et al.     Pure graphene is known as the strongest material ever discovered. However, the unavoidable defect formation in the fabrication process renders the strength of defective graphene …             Highly conductive and pure gold nanostructures grown by electron beam induced deposition ▶     Mostafa M. Shawrav, Philipp Taus, Heinz D. Wanzenboeck et al.     This work introduces an additive direct-write nanofabrication technique for producing extremely conductive gold nanostructures from a commercial metalorganic precursor. Gold …             Degradable Organically-Derivatized Polyoxometalate with Enhanced Activity against Glioblastoma Cell Line ▶     Shan She, Shengtai Bian, Ruichao Huo et al.     High efficacy and low toxicity are critical for cancer treatment. Polyoxometalates (POMs) have been reported as potential candidates for cancer therapy. On accounts of the slow …             The discovery of the hydrogen bond from p-Nitrothiophenol by Raman spectroscopy: Guideline for the thioalcohol molecule recognition tool ▶     Yun Ling, Wen Chang Xie, Guo Kun Liu et al.     Inter- and intra- molecular hydrogen bonding plays important role in determining molecular structure, physical and chemical properties, which may be easily ignored for molecules …             Elemental characterisation of melanin in feathers via synchrotron X-ray imaging and absorption spectroscopy ▶     Nicholas P. Edwards, Arjen van Veelen, Jennifer Anné et al.     Melanin is a critical component of biological systems, but the exact chemistry of melanin is still imprecisely known. This is partly due to melanin’s complex heterogeneous nature …             Novel and Neuroprotective Tetranortriterpenoids from Chinese Mangrove Xylocarpus granatum Koenig ▶     Zhen-Fang Zhou, Tibor Kurtán, Attila Mándi et al.     Eight new tetranortriterpenoids (1–8) were isolated from the twigs and leaves of the Chinese mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum, together with four related known ones (9–12). The …             N-doped graphene layers encapsulated NiFe alloy nanoparticles derived from MOFs with superior electrochemical performance for oxygen evolution reaction ▶     Yi Feng, Xin-Yao Yu, Ungyu Paik     Water splitting, an efficient approach for hydrogen production, is often hindered by unfavorable kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In order to reduce the …             Full-Color Biomimetic Photonic Materials with Iridescent and Non-Iridescent Structural Colors ▶     Ayaka Kawamura, Michinari Kohri, Gen Morimoto et al.     The beautiful structural colors in bird feathers are some of the brightest colors in nature, and some of these colors are created by arrays of melanin granules that act as both …             Identification of a novel human deoxynivalenol metabolite enhancing proliferation of intestinal and urinary bladder cells ▶     Benedikt Warth, Giorgia Del Favero, Gerlinde Wiesenberger et al.     The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is an abundant contaminant of cereal based food and a severe issue for global food safety. We report the discovery of DON-3-sulfate as a novel …             Effect of graphene oxide ratio on the cell adhesion and growth behavior on a graphene oxide-coated silicon substrate ▶     Jin-Tak Jeong, Mun-Ki Choi, Yumin Sim et al.     Control of living cells on biocompatible materials or on modified substrates is important for the development of bio-applications, including biosensors and implant biomaterials. …             Fluorescence-based assay as a new screening tool for toxic chemicals ▶     Ewa Moczko, Evgeny M. Mirkes, César Cáceres et al.     Our study involves development of fluorescent cell-based diagnostic assay as a new approach in high-throughput screening method. This highly sensitive optical assay operates …             One material, multiple functions: graphene/Ni(OH)2 thin films applied in batteries, electrochromism and sensors ▶     Eduardo G. C. Neiva, Marcela M. Oliveira, Márcio F. Bergamini et al.     Different nanocomposites between reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles were synthesized through modifications in the polyol method (starting from graphene oxide …             Carboxylic Acid-Functionalized Conducting-Polymer Nanotubes as Highly Sensitive Nerve-Agent Chemiresistors ▶     Oh Seok Kwon, Chul Soon Park, Seon Joo Park et al.     Organophosphates are powerful inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, which is critical to nerve function. Despite continuous research for detecting the highly toxic …             A Facile Electrochemical Preparation of Reduced Graphene Oxide@Polydopamine Composite: A Novel Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Amperometric Detection of Chlorpromazine ▶     Selvakumar Palanisamy, Balamurugan Thirumalraj, Shen-Ming Chen et al.     We report a novel and sensitive amperometric sensor for chlorpromazine (CPZ) based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and polydopamine (PDA) composite modified glassy carbon …             Corrigendum: Purification of High Salinity Brine by Multi-Stage Ion Concentration Polarization Desalination ▶     Bumjoo Kim, Rhokyun Kwak, Hyukjin J. Kwon et al.                 Efficient Dual-Site Carbon Monoxide Electro-Catalysts via Interfacial Nano-Engineering ▶     Zhen Liu, Zhongyuan Huang, Feifei Cheng et al.     Durable, highly efficient, and economic sound electrocatalysts for CO electrooxidation (COE) are the emerging key for wide variety of energy solutions, especially fuel cells and …             Cholesterol Alters the Dynamics of Release in Protein Independent Cell Models for Exocytosis ▶     Neda Najafinobar, Lisa J. Mellander, Michael E. Kurczy et al.     Neurons communicate via an essential process called exocytosis. Cholesterol, an abundant lipid in both secretory vesicles and cell plasma membrane can affect this process. In …             Mechanochemical route to the synthesis of nanostructured Aluminium nitride ▶     S. A. Rounaghi, H. Eshghi, S. Scudino et al.     Hexagonal Aluminium nitride (h-AlN) is an important wide-bandgap semiconductor material which is conventionally fabricated by high temperature carbothermal reduction of alumina …             Synthesis of Highly Polymerized Water-soluble Cellulose Acetate by the Side Reaction in Carboxylate Ionic Liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate ▶     Jinhui Pang, Xin Liu, Jun Yang et al.     In the present study, we describe a novel one-step method to prepare water-soluble cellulose acetate (WSCA) with higher degree of polymerization values (DP = 650–680) by in situ …             Ultrafast in cellulo photoinduced dynamics processes of the paradigm molecular light switch [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ ▶     Alejandro De la Cadena, Dar’ya Davydova, Tatiana Tolstik et al.     An in cellulo study of the ultrafast excited state processes in the paradigm molecular light switch [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ by localized pump-probe spectroscopy is reported for the …             Multi-Phenotypic subtyping of circulating tumor cells using sequential fluorescent quenching and restaining ▶     Daniel L Adams, R. Katherine Alpaugh, Susan Tsai et al.     In tissue biopsies formalin fixed paraffin embedded cancer blocks are micro-sectioned producing multiple semi-identical specimens which are analyzed and subtyped proteomically, …             High content reduced graphene oxide reinforced copper with a bioinspired nano-laminated structure and large recoverable deformation ability ▶     Ding-Bang Xiong, Mu Cao, Qiang Guo et al.     By using CuO/graphene-oxide/CuO sandwich-like nanosheets as the building blocks, bulk nacre-inspired copper matrix nano-laminated composite reinforced by molecular-level …                       Nature Insight: The Protein World This Insight highlights four exciting topics in contemporary protein science: de novo designed proteins; how cells monitor and regulate the proteome; the rise of cryo-electron microscopy; and proteome analysis through high-resolution mass spectrometry.               Physical Sciences ▲ top               Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Block Copolypeptoids – Micelles, Worms and Polymersomes ▶     Corinna Fetsch, Jens Gaitzsch, Lea Messager et al.     Polypeptoids are an old but recently rediscovered polymer class with interesting synthetic, physico-chemical and biological characteristics. Here, we introduce new aromatic …             Highly conductive and pure gold nanostructures grown by electron beam induced deposition ▶     Mostafa M. Shawrav, Philipp Taus, Heinz D. Wanzenboeck et al.     This work introduces an additive direct-write nanofabrication technique for producing extremely conductive gold nanostructures from a commercial metalorganic precursor. Gold …             Theoretical Comparison of Optical Properties of Near-Infrared Colloidal Plasmonic Nanoparticles ▶     Kai Liu, Xiaozheng Xue, Edward P. Furlani     We study optical properties of near-infrared absorbing colloidal plasmonic nanostructures that are of interest for biomedical theranostic applications: SiO2@Au core-shell …             Magnetic moment collapse induced axial alternative compressibility of Cr2TiAlC2 at 420 GPa from first principle ▶     Yang Ze-Jin, Linghu Rong-Feng, Gao Qing-He et al.     The electronic structure and thermodynamical properties of Cr2TiAlC2 are studied by first principles under pressure. The obtained results observed that the ferromagnetic order is …             Ultra-stable clock laser system development towards space applications ▶     Dariusz Świerad, Sebastian Häfner, Stefan Vogt et al.     The increasing performance of optical lattice clocks has made them attractive for scientific applications in space and thus has pushed the development of their components …             Two-step phase-shifting SPIDER ▶     Shuiqin Zheng, Yi Cai, Xinjian Pan et al.     Comprehensive characterization of ultrafast optical field is critical for ultrashort pulse generation and its application. This paper combines two-step phase-shifting (TSPS) into …             Eco-friendly p-type Cu2SnS3 thermoelectric material: crystal structure and transport properties ▶     Yawei Shen, Chao Li, Rong Huang et al.     As a new eco-friendly thermoelectric material, copper tin sulfide (Cu2SnS3) ceramics were experimentally studied by Zn-doping. Excellent electrical transport properties were …             The interaction of excited atoms and few-cycle laser pulses ▶     J. E. Calvert, Han Xu, A. J. Palmer et al.     This work describes the first observations of the ionisation of neon in a metastable atomic state utilising a strong-field, few-cycle light pulse. We compare the observations to …             Acidity-Controlled Conducting Polymer Films for Organic Thermoelectric Devices with Horizontal and Vertical Architectures ▶     Woongki Lee, Myeonghun Song, Soohyung Park et al.     Organic thermoelectric devices (OTEDs) are recognized one of the next generation energy conversion platforms because of their huge potentials for securing electricity …             Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Novel Isoxazolines/Oxime Sulfonates of 2′(2′,6′)-(Di)Chloropodophyllotoxins as Insecticidal Agents ▶     Mingqiao Yu, Guangci Liu, Yuanyuan Zhang et al.     A series of 2′(2′,6′)-(di)halogeno-isoxazolopodophyllic acids-based esters, and oxime sulfonates of 2′(2′,6′)-(di)halogenopodophyllones were prepared by structural modifications …             Sporicidal performance induced by photocatalytic production of organic peroxide under visible light irradiation ▶     Yuichi Yamaguchi, Takahito Shimodo, Noriyasu Chikamori et al.     Bacteria that cause serious food poisoning are known to sporulate under conditions of nutrient and water shortage. The resulting spores have much greater resistance to common …             RbTiOPO4 cascaded Raman operation with multiple Raman frequency shifts derived by Q-switched Nd:YAlO3 laser ▶     Yanmin Duan, Haiyong Zhu, Yaoju Zhang et al.     An intra-cavity RbTiOPO4 (RTP) cascade Raman laser was demonstrated for efficient multi-order Stokes emission. An acousto-optic Q-switched Nd:YAlO3 laser at 1.08 μm was used as …             Dissipation induced by phonon elastic scattering in crystals ▶     Guolong Li, Zhongzhou Ren, Xin Zhang     We demonstrate that the phonon elastic scattering leads to a dominant dissipation in crystals at low temperature. The two-level systems (TLSs) should be responsible for the …             An ab initio study of the polytypism in InP ▶     Luis C. O. Dacal, A. Cantarero     The existence of polytypism in semiconductor nanostructures gives rise to the appearance of stacking faults which many times can be treated as quantum wells. In some cases, …             Textile Organic Electrochemical Transistors as a Platform for Wearable Biosensors ▶     I. Gualandi, M. Marzocchi, A. Achilli et al.     The development of wearable chemical sensors is receiving a great deal of attention in view of non-invasive and continuous monitoring of physiological parameters in healthcare …             Mesoporous Silica Supported Pd-MnOx Catalysts with Excellent Catalytic Activity in Room-Temperature Formic Acid Decomposition ▶     Min-Ho Jin, Duckkyu Oh, Ju-Hyoung Park et al.     For the application of formic acid as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier, development of efficient catalysts for dehydrogenation of formic acid is a challenging topic, and most …             Large area Germanium Tin nanometer optical film coatings on highly flexible aluminum substrates ▶     Lichuan Jin, Dainan Zhang, Huaiwu Zhang et al.     Germanium Tin (GeSn) films have drawn great interest for their visible and near-infrared optoelectronics properties. Here, we demonstrate large area Germanium Tin nanometer thin …             Measuring Method for Lightning Channel Temperature ▶     X. Li, J. Zhang, L. Chen et al.     In this paper, we demonstrate the temperature of lightning channel utilizing the theory of lightning spectra and the model of local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). The impulse …             Controllable Edge Oxidation and Bubbling Exfoliation Enable the Fabrication of High Quality Water Dispersible Graphene ▶     Suyun Tian, Jing Sun, Siwei Yang et al.     Despite significant progresses made on mass production of chemically exfoliated graphene, the quality, cost and environmental friendliness remain major challenges for its market …             Coalescence of Immiscible Liquid Metal Drop on Graphene ▶     Tao Li, Jie Li, Long Wang et al.     Molecular dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the wetting and coalescence of liquid Al and Pb drops on four carbon-based substrates. We highlight the importance of …             Nb2O5-γ-Al2O3 nanofibers as heterogeneous catalysts for efficient conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural ▶     Huanfeng Jiao, Xiaoliang Zhao, Chunxiao Lv et al.     One-dimensional γ-Al2O3 nanofibers were modified with Nb2O5 to be used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst to catalyze biomass into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF). At low Nb2O…             Highly-stretchable 3D-architected Mechanical Metamaterials ▶     Yanhui Jiang, Qiming Wang     Soft materials featuring both 3D free-form architectures and high stretchability are highly desirable for a number of engineering applications ranging from cushion modulators, …             Tunable potential well for plasmonic trapping of metallic particles by bowtie nano-apertures ▶     Yu Lu, Guangqing Du, Feng Chen et al.     In this paper, the tunable optical trapping dependence on wavelength of incident beam is theoretically investigated based on numerical simulations. The Monte Carlo method is …             True Randomness from Big Data ▶     Periklis A. Papakonstantinou, David P. Woodruff, Guang Yang     Generating random bits is a difficult task, which is important for physical systems simulation, cryptography, and many applications that rely on high-quality random bits. Our …             Grassy Silica Nanoribbons and Strong Blue Luminescence ▶     Shengping Wang, Shuang Xie, Guowei Huang et al.     Silicon dioxide (SiO2) is one of the key materials in many modern technological applications such as in metal oxide semiconductor transistors, photovoltaic solar cells, pollution …             Excellent magnetocaloric properties in RE2Cu2Cd (RE = Dy and Tm) compounds and its composite materials ▶     Yikun Zhang, Yang Yang, Xiao Xu et al.     The magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of ternary intermetallic RE2Cu2Cd (RE = Dy and Tm) compounds and its composite materials have been investigated in detail. …             Fast generations of tree-type three-dimensional entanglement via Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants and transitionless quantum driving ▶     Jin-Lei Wu, Xin Ji, Shou Zhang     Recently, a novel three-dimensional entangled state called tree-type entanglement, which is likely to have applications for improving quantum communication security, was prepared …             Electronic properties of MoS2/MoOx interfaces: Implications in Tunnel Field Effect Transistors and Hole Contacts ▶     Santosh K. C., Roberto C. Longo, Rafik Addou et al.     In an electronic device based on two dimensional (2D) transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), finding a low resistance metal contact is critical in order to achieve the …             Controllably releasing long-lived quantum memory for photonic polarization qubit into multiple spatially-separate photonic channels ▶     Lirong Chen, Zhongxiao Xu, Weiqing Zeng et al.     We report an experiment in which long-lived quantum memories for photonic polarization qubits (PPQs) are controllably released into any one of multiple spatially-separate …             Anomalous Enhancement of Mechanical Properties in the Ammonia Adsorbed Defective Graphene ▶     Fengxian Ma, Yalong Jiao, Yuantong Gu et al.     Pure graphene is known as the strongest material ever discovered. However, the unavoidable defect formation in the fabrication process renders the strength of defective graphene …             Berry phase and band structure analysis of the Weyl semimetal NbP ▶     Philip Sergelius, Johannes Gooth, Svenja Bäßler et al.     Weyl semimetals are often considered the 3D-analogon of graphene or topological insulators. The evaluation of quantum oscillations in these systems remains challenging because …             In vitro and in vivo study of additive manufactured porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds for repairing bone defects ▶     Guoyuan Li, Lei Wang, Wei Pan et al.     Metallic implants with a low effective modulus can provide early load-bearing and reduce stress shielding, which is favorable for increasing in vivo life-span. In this research, …             Tanshinones and diethyl blechnics with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) ▶     Hongwei Gao, Wen Sun, Jianping Zhao et al.     Four novel compounds (1–4) as well as fourteen reported compounds (5–18) were isolated and purified from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). The structures of novel compounds …             Emergence of global scaling behaviour in the coupled Earth-atmosphere interaction ▶     Bijan Fallah, Abbas Ali Saberi, Sahar Sodoudi     Scale invariance property in the global geometry of Earth may lead to a coupled interactive behaviour between various components of the climate system. One of the most …             Simultaneous steering and imaging of magnetic particles using MRI toward delivery of therapeutics ▶     Ouajdi Felfoul, Aaron T. Becker, Georgios Fagogenis et al.     Magnetic resonance navigation (MRN) offers the potential for real-time steering of drug particles and cells to targets throughout the body. In this technique, the magnetic …             Automated Internal Classification of Beadless Chinese ZhuJi Fleshwater Pearls based on Optical Coherence Tomography Images ▶     Yang Zhou, Tiebing Liu, Yang Shi et al.     Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has been applied to inspect the internal defect of beadless Chinese ZhuJi fleshwater pearls. A novel fully automated algorithm is proposed to …             Facile transformation of FeO/Fe3O4 core-shell nanocubes to Fe3O4via magnetic stimulation ▶     Aidin Lak, Dina Niculaes, George C. Anyfantis et al.     Here, we propose the use of magnetic hyperthermia as a means to trigger the oxidation of Fe1−xO/Fe3−δO4 core-shell nanocubes to Fe3−δO4 phase. As a first relevant consequence, …             A 16-bit Coherent Ising Machine for One-Dimensional Ring and Cubic Graph Problems ▶     Kenta Takata, Alireza Marandi, Ryan Hamerly et al.     Many tasks in our modern life, such as planning an efficient travel, image processing and optimizing integrated circuit design, are modeled as complex combinatorial optimization …             Ultrahigh Responsivity-Bandwidth Product in a Compact InP Nanopillar Phototransistor Directly Grown on Silicon ▶     Wai Son Ko, Indrasen Bhattacharya, Thai-Truong D. Tran et al.     Highly sensitive and fast photodetectors can enable low power, high bandwidth on-chip optical interconnects for silicon integrated electronics. III-V compound semiconductor …             Direct synthesis of nanodiamonds by femtosecond laser irradiation of ethanol ▶     Chen-Hon Nee, Seong-Ling Yap, Teck-Yong Tou et al.     Carbon nanomaterials exhibit novel characteristics including enhanced thermal, electrical, mechanical, and biological properties. Nanodiamonds; first discovered in meteorites are …             Linking in domain-swapped protein dimers ▶     Marco Baiesi, Enzo Orlandini, Antonio Trovato et al.     The presence of knots has been observed in a small fraction of single-domain proteins and related to their thermodynamic and kinetic properties. The exchanging of identical …             Degradable Organically-Derivatized Polyoxometalate with Enhanced Activity against Glioblastoma Cell Line ▶     Shan She, Shengtai Bian, Ruichao Huo et al.     High efficacy and low toxicity are critical for cancer treatment. Polyoxometalates (POMs) have been reported as potential candidates for cancer therapy. On accounts of the slow …             The discovery of the hydrogen bond from p-Nitrothiophenol by Raman spectroscopy: Guideline for the thioalcohol molecule recognition tool ▶     Yun Ling, Wen Chang Xie, Guo Kun Liu et al.     Inter- and intra- molecular hydrogen bonding plays important role in determining molecular structure, physical and chemical properties, which may be easily ignored for molecules …             Ultrabroadband Design for Linear Polarization Conversion and Asymmetric Transmission Crossing X- and K- Band ▶     Linbo Zhang, Peiheng Zhou, Haiyan Chen et al.     In this work, a high-efficiency and broadband reflective converter using ultrathin planar metamaterial (MM) composed of single-layered SRR is firstly realized. Numerical and …             The effects of ordered carbon vacancies on stability and thermo-mechanical properties of V8C7 compared with VC ▶     XiaoYu Chong, YeHua Jiang, Rong Zhou et al.     The ordered non-stoichiometric V8C7 can form in the VCy carbides by the disorder–order phase transformation. The intrusion of ordered carbon vacancies can affect their stability, …             Full-Color Biomimetic Photonic Materials with Iridescent and Non-Iridescent Structural Colors ▶     Ayaka Kawamura, Michinari Kohri, Gen Morimoto et al.     The beautiful structural colors in bird feathers are some of the brightest colors in nature, and some of these colors are created by arrays of melanin granules that act as both …             Enhanced superconductivity in aluminum-based hyperbolic metamaterials ▶     Vera N. Smolyaninova, Christopher Jensen, William Zimmerman et al.     One of the most important goals of condensed matter physics is materials by design, i.e. the ability to reliably predict and design materials with a set of desired properties. A …             Elemental characterisation of melanin in feathers via synchrotron X-ray imaging and absorption spectroscopy ▶     Nicholas P. Edwards, Arjen van Veelen, Jennifer Anné et al.     Melanin is a critical component of biological systems, but the exact chemistry of melanin is still imprecisely known. This is partly due to melanin’s complex heterogeneous nature …             N-doped graphene layers encapsulated NiFe alloy nanoparticles derived from MOFs with superior electrochemical performance for oxygen evolution reaction ▶     Yi Feng, Xin-Yao Yu, Ungyu Paik     Water splitting, an efficient approach for hydrogen production, is often hindered by unfavorable kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In order to reduce the …             Origin of multi-level switching and telegraphic noise in organic nanocomposite memory devices ▶     Younggul Song, Hyunhak Jeong, Seungjun Chung et al.     The origin of negative differential resistance (NDR) and its derivative intermediate resistive states (IRSs) of nanocomposite memory systems have not been clearly analyzed for …             Dual-Wavelength Terahertz Metasurfaces with Independent Phase and Amplitude Control at Each Wavelength ▶     Jun Ding, Ningning Xu, Han Ren et al.     We have designed, fabricated and characterized dual-wavelength metasurfaces that function at two assigned terahertz wavelengths with independent phase and amplitude control at …             Entanglement and nonclassicality in four-mode Gaussian states generated via parametric down-conversion and frequency up-conversion ▶     Ievgen I. Arkhipov, Jan Peřina Jr., Ondřej Haderka et al.     Multipartite entanglement and nonclassicality of four-mode Gaussian states generated in two simultaneous nonlinear processes involving parametric down-conversion and frequency …             A quantum approach to homomorphic encryption ▶     Si-Hui Tan, Joshua A. Kettlewell, Yingkai Ouyang et al.     Encryption schemes often derive their power from the properties of the underlying algebra on the symbols used. Inspired by group theoretic tools, we use the centralizer of a …             Single-pulse enhanced coherent diffraction imaging of bacteria with an X-ray free-electron laser ▶     Jiadong Fan, Zhibin Sun, Yaling Wang et al.     High-resolution imaging offers one of the most promising approaches for exploring and understanding the structure and function of biomaterials and biological systems. X-ray …             Multipath Effects in Millimetre-Wave Wireless Communication using Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexing ▶     Yan Yan, Long Li, Guodong Xie et al.     Electromagnetic waves carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) have been used for mode division multiplexing in free-space communication systems to increase both the capacity and …             Corrigendum: How Tissue Mechanical Properties Affect Enteric Neural Crest Cell Migration ▶     N. R. Chevalier, E. Gazquez, L. Bidault et al.                 Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation of human primary visual cortex ▶     Wonhye Lee, Hyun-Chul Kim, Yujin Jung et al.     Transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) is making progress as a new non-invasive mode of regional brain stimulation. Current evidence of FUS-mediated neurostimulation for humans …             Novel and Neuroprotective Tetranortriterpenoids from Chinese Mangrove Xylocarpus granatum Koenig ▶     Zhen-Fang Zhou, Tibor Kurtán, Attila Mándi et al.     Eight new tetranortriterpenoids (1–8) were isolated from the twigs and leaves of the Chinese mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum, together with four related known ones (9–12). The …             Prediction of prostate cancer recurrence using quantitative phase imaging: Validation on a general population ▶     Shamira Sridharan, Virgilia Macias, Krishnarao Tangella et al.     Prediction of biochemical recurrence risk of prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy is critical for determining whether the patient would benefit from adjuvant …             A novel animal model for skin flap prelamination with biomaterials ▶     Xianyu Zhou, Xusong Luo, Fei Liu et al.     Several animal models of skin flap construction were reported using biomaterials in a way similar to prefabrication. However, there are few animal model using biomaterials …             Identification of a novel human deoxynivalenol metabolite enhancing proliferation of intestinal and urinary bladder cells ▶     Benedikt Warth, Giorgia Del Favero, Gerlinde Wiesenberger et al.     The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is an abundant contaminant of cereal based food and a severe issue for global food safety. We report the discovery of DON-3-sulfate as a novel …             Using an Artificial Neural Bypass to Restore Cortical Control of Rhythmic Movements in a Human with Quadriplegia ▶     Gaurav Sharma, David A. Friedenberg, Nicholas Annetta et al.     Neuroprosthetic technology has been used to restore cortical control of discrete (non-rhythmic) hand movements in a paralyzed person. However, cortical control of rhythmic …             Integrated ZnO Nano-Electron-Emitter with Self-Modulated Parasitic Tunneling Field Effect Transistor at the Surface of the p-Si/ZnO Junction ▶     Tao Cao, Laitang Luo, Yifeng Huang et al.     The development of high performance nano-electron-emitter arrays with well reliability still proves challenging. Here, we report a featured integrated nano-electron-emitter. The …             Microstructure, local dynamics, and flow behavior of colloidal suspensions with weak attractive interactions ▶     Clara Weis, Claude Oelschlaeger, Dick Dijkstra et al.     We present a comprehensive micro- and macrorheological study of the effect of weak depletion attraction (Ψdep ≈ 1–10 kBT) on dense colloidal suspensions stabilized by short-range …             Violation of the transit-time limit toward generation of ultrashort electron bunches with controlled velocity chirp ▶     Seok-Gy Jeon, Dongwon Shin, Min Sup Hur     Various methods to generate ultrashort electron bunches for the ultrafast science evolved from the simple configuration of two-plate vacuum diodes to advanced technologies such …             Stable, Free-space Optical Trapping and Manipulation of Sub-micron Particles in an Integrated Microfluidic Chip ▶     Jisu Kim, Jung H. Shin     We demonstrate stable, free-space optical trapping and manipulation in an integrated microfluidic chip using counter-propagating beams. An inverted ridge-type waveguide made of S…             Corrigendum: Staircase Quantum Dots Configuration in Nanowires for Optimized Thermoelectric Power ▶     Lijie Li, Jian-Hua Jiang                 Erratum: High current density GaAs/Si rectifying heterojunction by defect free Epitaxial Lateral overgrowth on Tunnel Oxide from nano-seed ▶     Charles Renard, Timothée Molière, Nikolay Cherkashin et al.                 Theory of tailorable optical response of two-dimensional arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles at dielectric interfaces ▶     Debabrata Sikdar, Alexei A. Kornyshev     Two-dimensional arrays of plasmonic nanoparticles at interfaces are promising candidates for novel optical metamaterials. Such systems materialise from ‘top–down’ patterning or …             Dynamics of single photon transport in a one-dimensional waveguide two-point coupled with a Jaynes-Cummings system ▶     Yuwen Wang, Yongyou Zhang, Qingyun Zhang et al.     We study the dynamics of an ultrafast single photon pulse in a one-dimensional waveguide two-point coupled with a Jaynes-Cummings system. We find that for any single photon input …             Graphene as a Reversible and Spectrally Selective Fluorescence Quencher ▶     Omer Salihoglu, Nurbek Kakenov, Osman Balci et al.     We report reversible and spectrally selective fluorescence quenching of quantum dots (QDs) placed in close proximity to graphene. Controlling interband electronic transitions of …             Fluorescence-based assay as a new screening tool for toxic chemicals ▶     Ewa Moczko, Evgeny M. Mirkes, César Cáceres et al.     Our study involves development of fluorescent cell-based diagnostic assay as a new approach in high-throughput screening method. This highly sensitive optical assay operates …             Highly reliable wind-rolling triboelectric nanogenerator operating in a wide wind speed range ▶     Hyungseok Yong, Jihoon Chung, Dukhyun Choi et al.     Triboelectric nanogenerators are aspiring energy harvesting methods that generate electricity from the triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction. This study demonstrates …             A shape tailored gold-conductive polymer nanocomposite as a transparent electrode with extraordinary insensitivity to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ▶     Rania Khalil, Shahin Homaeigohar, Dietrich Häußler et al.     In this study, the transparent conducting polymer of poly (3,4-ethylenendioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulphonate) (PEDOT:PSS) was nanohybridized via inclusion of gold nanofillers …             Inversion of diffraction data for amorphous materials ▶     Anup Pandey, Parthapratim Biswas, D. A. Drabold     The general and practical inversion of diffraction data–producing a computer model correctly representing the material explored–is an important unsolved problem for disordered …             Effect of graphene oxide ratio on the cell adhesion and growth behavior on a graphene oxide-coated silicon substrate ▶     Jin-Tak Jeong, Mun-Ki Choi, Yumin Sim et al.     Control of living cells on biocompatible materials or on modified substrates is important for the development of bio-applications, including biosensors and implant biomaterials. …             Bound exciton and free exciton states in GaSe thin slab ▶     Chengrong Wei, Xi Chen, Dian Li et al.     The photoluminescence (PL) and absorption experiments have been performed in GaSe slab with incident light polarized perpendicular to c-axis of sample at 10 K. An obvious energy …             Bioelectronic interfaces by spontaneously organized peptides on 2D atomic single layer materials ▶     Yuhei Hayamizu, Christopher R. So, Sefa Dag et al.     Self-assembly of biological molecules on solid materials is central to the “bottom-up” approach to directly integrate biology with electronics. Inspired by biology, exquisite …             Stress and temperature dependence of the avalanche dynamics during creep deformation of metallic glasses ▶     Carlos Herrero-Gómez, Konrad Samwer     The understanding of the mesoscopic origin of plasticity in metallic glasses remains still an open issue. At the microscopic level, Shear Transformation Zones (STZ), composed by …             Radiation endurance in Al2O3 nanoceramics ▶     F. García Ferré, A. Mairov, L. Ceseracciu et al.     The lack of suitable materials solutions stands as a major challenge for the development of advanced nuclear systems. Most issues are related to the simultaneous action of high …             Current driven spin–orbit torque oscillator: ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic coupling ▶     Øyvind Johansen, Jacob Linder     We consider theoretically the impact of Rashba spin–orbit coupling on spin torque oscillators (STOs) in synthetic ferromagnets and antiferromagnets that have either a bulk …             Roll-to-Roll sputtered ITO/Cu/ITO multilayer electrode for flexible, transparent thin film heaters and electrochromic applications ▶     Sung-Hyun Park, Sang-Mok Lee, Eun-Hye Ko et al.     We fabricate high-performance, flexible, transparent electrochromic (EC) films and thin film heaters (TFHs) on an ITO/Cu/ITO (ICI) multilayer electrode prepared by continuous …             One material, multiple functions: graphene/Ni(OH)2 thin films applied in batteries, electrochromism and sensors ▶     Eduardo G. C. Neiva, Marcela M. Oliveira, Márcio F. Bergamini et al.     Different nanocomposites between reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles were synthesized through modifications in the polyol method (starting from graphene oxide …             Curli mediate bacterial adhesion to fibronectin via tensile multiple bonds ▶     Yoo Jin Oh, Michael Hubauer-Brenner, Hermann J. Gruber et al.     Many enteric bacteria including pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains produce curli fibers that bind to host surfaces, leading to bacterial internalization into host …             Hyaluronic acid-modified manganese-chelated dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles for the targeted CT/MR dual-mode imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Ruizhi Wang, Yu Luo, Shuohui Yang et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the liver. The early and effective diagnosis has always been desired. Herein, we present the preparation and …             The origin of neutron biological effectiveness as a function of energy ▶     G. Baiocco, S. Barbieri, G. Babini et al.     The understanding of the impact of radiation quality in early and late responses of biological targets to ionizing radiation exposure necessarily grounds on the results of …             Erratum: Phosphorus Doping in Si Nanocrystals/SiO2 Multilayers and Light Emission with Wavelength Compatible for Optical Telecommunication ▶     Peng Lu, Weiwei Mu, Jun Xu et al.                 Carboxylic Acid-Functionalized Conducting-Polymer Nanotubes as Highly Sensitive Nerve-Agent Chemiresistors ▶     Oh Seok Kwon, Chul Soon Park, Seon Joo Park et al.     Organophosphates are powerful inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase, which is critical to nerve function. Despite continuous research for detecting the highly toxic …             Spectral Interferometry with Electron Microscopes ▶     Nahid Talebi     Interference patterns are not only a defining characteristic of waves, but also have several applications; characterization of coherent processes and holography. Spatial …             Spatially resolved spectroscopic differentiation of hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains on individual insulin amyloid fibrils ▶     Tanja Deckert-Gaudig, Dmitry Kurouski, Martin A. B. Hedegaard et al.     The formation of insoluble β-sheet-rich protein structures known as amyloid fibrils is associated with numerous neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s …             Ultra-low thermal conductivities in large-area Si-Ge nanomeshes for thermoelectric applications ▶     Jaime Andres Perez-Taborda, Miguel Muñoz Rojo, Jon Maiz et al.     In this work, we measure the thermal and thermoelectric properties of large-area Si0.8Ge0.2 nano-meshed films fabricated by DC sputtering of Si0.8Ge0.2 on highly ordered porous …             A novel method based on selective laser sintering for preparing high-performance carbon fibres/polyamide12/epoxy ternary composites ▶     Wei Zhu, Chunze Yan, Yunsong Shi et al.     A novel method based on selective laser sintering (SLS) process is proposed for the first time to prepare complex and high-performance carbon fibres/polyamide12/epoxy …             Facile preparation of nickel/carbonized wood nanocomposite for environmentally friendly supercapacitor electrodes ▶     Haritha Sree Yaddanapudi, Kun Tian, Shiang Teng et al.     We are reporting a facile way to prepare nickel/carbon nanocomposites from wood as a novel electrode material for supercapacitors. The surface morphology and the structure of the …             Corrigendum: Purification of High Salinity Brine by Multi-Stage Ion Concentration Polarization Desalination ▶     Bumjoo Kim, Rhokyun Kwak, Hyukjin J. Kwon et al.                 Evaluation of World Population-Weighted Effective Dose due to Cosmic Ray Exposure ▶     Tatsuhiko Sato     After the release of the Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee of the Effects of Atomic Radiation in 2000 (UNSCEAR2000), it became commonly accepted that the world …             Design and construction of a spin-wave lens ▶     Jan-Niklas Toedt, Mark Mundkowski, Detlef Heitmann et al.     In this work, we present the focusing of a Damon-Eshbach wave in a Ni80Fe20 film by a shaped, discrete transition of the film thickness. We devised an algorithm to determine the …             Efficient Dual-Site Carbon Monoxide Electro-Catalysts via Interfacial Nano-Engineering ▶     Zhen Liu, Zhongyuan Huang, Feifei Cheng et al.     Durable, highly efficient, and economic sound electrocatalysts for CO electrooxidation (COE) are the emerging key for wide variety of energy solutions, especially fuel cells and …             Transport Phenomena of Water in Molecular Fluidic Channels ▶     Truong Quoc Vo, BoHung Kim     In molecular-level fluidic transport, where the discrete characteristics of a molecular system are not negligible (in contrast to a continuum description), the response of the …             A Facile Electrochemical Preparation of Reduced Graphene Oxide@Polydopamine Composite: A Novel Electrochemical Sensing Platform for Amperometric Detection of Chlorpromazine ▶     Selvakumar Palanisamy, Balamurugan Thirumalraj, Shen-Ming Chen et al.     We report a novel and sensitive amperometric sensor for chlorpromazine (CPZ) based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and polydopamine (PDA) composite modified glassy carbon …             Realizing Tao-Thouless-like state in fractional quantum spin Hall effect ▶     Chen-Rong Liu, Yao-Wu Guo, Zhuo-Jun Li et al.     The quest for exotic quantum states of matter has become one of the most challenging tasks in modern condensed matter communications. Interplay between topology and strong …             Quasi-static stop band with flexural metamaterial having zero rotational stiffness ▶     Joo Hwan Oh, Badreddine Assouar     Metamaterials realizing stop bands have attracted much attentions recently since they can break-through the well-known mass law. However, achieving the stop band at extremely low …             Double Negativity in 3D Space Coiling Metamaterials ▶     Santosh K. Maurya, Abhishek Pandey, Shobha Shukla et al.     Metamaterials displaying negative refractive index has remarkable potential to facilitate the manipulation of incident waves for wide variety of applications such as cloaking, …             Switching Correlation and Noise Level in Pr3+:YSO Crystal via Dressing Nonlinear Phase ▶     Irfan Ahmed, Zhaoyang Zhang, Feng Wen et al.     We propose and experimentally demonstrate that the intensity noise correlation and the noise level of intensity-difference and intensity-sum in Stokes and anti-Stokes channel can …             Critical behavior of the quasi-two-dimensional semiconducting ferromagnet CrSiTe3 ▶     Bingjie Liu, Youming Zou, Lei Zhang et al.     The semiconducting ferromagnet CrSiTe3 is a promising candidate for two-dimensional magnet simply by exfoliating down to single layers. To understand the magnetic behavior in …             Mechanochemical route to the synthesis of nanostructured Aluminium nitride ▶     S. A. Rounaghi, H. Eshghi, S. Scudino et al.     Hexagonal Aluminium nitride (h-AlN) is an important wide-bandgap semiconductor material which is conventionally fabricated by high temperature carbothermal reduction of alumina …             Carbon wrapped hierarchical Li3V2(PO4)3 microspheres for high performance lithium ion batteries ▶     Shuquan Liang, Qinguang Tan, Wei Xiong et al.     Nanomaterials are extensively studied in electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems because of their structural advantages. However, their volumetric energy density …             Rigidity of silicone substrates controls cell spreading and stem cell differentiation ▶     Grigory Vertelov, Edgar Gutierrez, Sin-Ae Lee et al.     The dependences of spreading and differentiation of stem cells plated on hydrogel and silicone gel substrates on the rigidity and porosity of the substrates have recently been a …             Cholesterol Alters the Dynamics of Release in Protein Independent Cell Models for Exocytosis ▶     Neda Najafinobar, Lisa J. Mellander, Michael E. Kurczy et al.     Neurons communicate via an essential process called exocytosis. Cholesterol, an abundant lipid in both secretory vesicles and cell plasma membrane can affect this process. In …             All-inkjet-printed thin-film transistors: manufacturing process reliability by root cause analysis ▶     Enrico Sowade, Eloi Ramon, Kalyan Yoti Mitra et al.     We report on the detailed electrical investigation of all-inkjet-printed thin-film transistor (TFT) arrays focusing on TFT failures and their origins. The TFT arrays were …             Self-Replication of Localized Vegetation Patches in Scarce Environments ▶     Ignacio Bordeu, Marcel G. Clerc, Piere Couteron et al.     Desertification due to climate change and increasing drought periods is a worldwide problem for both ecology and economy. Our ability to understand how vegetation manages to …             Resilience of bacterial quorum sensing against fluid flow ▶     Philippe Emge, Jens Moeller, Hongchul Jang et al.     Quorum sensing (QS) is a population-density dependent chemical process that enables bacteria to communicate based on the production, secretion and sensing of small inducer …             Single-shot laser pulse reconstruction based on self-phase modulated spectra measurements ▶     Elena A. Anashkina, Vladislav N. Ginzburg, Anton A. Kochetkov et al.     We report a method for ultrashort pulse reconstruction based only on the pulse spectrum and two self-phase modulated (SPM) spectra measured after pulse propagation through thin …             Biological application of Compressed Sensing Tomography in the Scanning Electron Microscope ▶     Matteo Ferroni, Alberto Signoroni, Andrea Sanzogni et al.     The three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction of a biological sample, namely collagen fibrils in human dermal tissue, was obtained from a set of projection-images acquired in …             Light-driven transport of plasmonic nanoparticles on demand ▶     José A. Rodrigo, Tatiana Alieva     Laser traps provide contactless manipulation of plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) boosting the development of numerous applications in science and technology. The known trapping …             One-Step Formation of Silicon-Graphene Composites from Silicon Sludge Waste and Graphene Oxide via Aerosol Process for Lithium Ion Batteries ▶     Sun Kyung Kim, Hyekyoung Kim, Hankwon Chang et al.     Over 40% of high-purity silicon (Si) is consumed as sludge waste consisting of Si, silicon carbide (SiC) particles and metal impurities from the fragments of cutting wire mixed …             Synthesis of Highly Polymerized Water-soluble Cellulose Acetate by the Side Reaction in Carboxylate Ionic Liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Acetate ▶     Jinhui Pang, Xin Liu, Jun Yang et al.     In the present study, we describe a novel one-step method to prepare water-soluble cellulose acetate (WSCA) with higher degree of polymerization values (DP = 650–680) by in situ …             High content reduced graphene oxide reinforced copper with a bioinspired nano-laminated structure and large recoverable deformation ability ▶     Ding-Bang Xiong, Mu Cao, Qiang Guo et al.     By using CuO/graphene-oxide/CuO sandwich-like nanosheets as the building blocks, bulk nacre-inspired copper matrix nano-laminated composite reinforced by molecular-level …             Interference-based molecular transistors ▶     Ying Li, Jan A. Mol, Simon C. Benjamin et al.     Molecular transistors have the potential for switching with lower gate voltages than conventional field-effect transistors. We have calculated the performance of a …             Ultrafast in cellulo photoinduced dynamics processes of the paradigm molecular light switch [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ ▶     Alejandro De la Cadena, Dar’ya Davydova, Tatiana Tolstik et al.     An in cellulo study of the ultrafast excited state processes in the paradigm molecular light switch [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+ by localized pump-probe spectroscopy is reported for the …             Ce3+/Yb3+/Er3+ triply doped bismuth borosilicate glass: a potential fiber material for broadband near-infrared fiber amplifiers ▶     Yushi Chu, Jing Ren, Jianzhong Zhang et al.     Erbium doped bismuth borosilicate (BBS) glasses, possessing the broadest 1.55 μm near infrared (NIR) emission band among oxide glasses, stand out as excellent fiber material for …             Weyl semimetals in optical lattices: moving and merging of Weyl points, and hidden symmetry at Weyl points ▶     Jing-Min Hou, Wei Chen     We propose to realize Weyl semimetals in a cubic optical lattice. We find that there exist three distinct Weyl semimetal phases in the cubic optical lattice for different …             Superhydrophobic porous networks for enhanced droplet shedding ▶     Yahua Liu, Zuankai Wang     Recent research has shown that the use of submillimeter-scale tapered post arrays could generate the so-called pancake bouncing, which is characterized by the fast shedding of …             Electrically controllable sudden reversals in spin and valley polarization in silicene ▶     Qingtian Zhang, K. S. Chan, Jingbo Li     We study the spin and valley dependent transport in a silicene superlattice under the influence of a magnetic exchange field, a perpendicular electric field and a voltage …             Synaptic organic transistors with a vacuum-deposited charge-trapping nanosheet ▶     Chang-Hyun Kim, Sujin Sung, Myung-Han Yoon     Organic neuromorphic devices hold great promise for unconventional signal processing and efficient human-machine interfaces. Herein, we propose novel synaptic organic transistors …             Experimental investigation of a four-qubit linear-optical quantum logic circuit ▶     R. Stárek, M. Mičuda, M. Miková et al.     We experimentally demonstrate and characterize a four-qubit linear-optical quantum logic circuit. Our robust and versatile scheme exploits encoding of two qubits into …             Room-Temperature All-solid-state Rechargeable Sodium-ion Batteries with a Cl-doped Na3PS4 Superionic Conductor ▶     Iek-Heng Chu, Christopher S. Kompella, Han Nguyen et al.     All-solid-state sodium-ion batteries are promising candidates for large-scale energy storage applications. The key enabler for an all-solid-state architecture is a sodium solid …             An Energy Harvesting Underwater Acoustic Transmitter for Aquatic Animals ▶     Huidong Li, Chuan Tian, Jun Lu et al.     Acoustic telemetry is the primary method to actively track aquatic animals for behavioral studies. However, the small storage capacities of the batteries used in the transmitters …             Multi-Phenotypic subtyping of circulating tumor cells using sequential fluorescent quenching and restaining ▶     Daniel L Adams, R. Katherine Alpaugh, Susan Tsai et al.     In tissue biopsies formalin fixed paraffin embedded cancer blocks are micro-sectioned producing multiple semi-identical specimens which are analyzed and subtyped proteomically, …             Self-assembly formation of Bi-functional Co3O4/MnO2-CNTs hybrid catalysts for achieving both high energy/power density and cyclic ability of rechargeable zinc-air battery ▶     Nengneng Xu, Yuyu Liu, Xia Zhang et al.     α-MnO2 nanotubes-supported Co3O4 (Co3O4/MnO2) and its carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-hybrids (Co3O4/MnO2-CNTs) have been successfully developed through a facile two-pot precipitation …             pH/NIR Light-Controlled Multidrug Release via a Mussel-Inspired Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Chemo-Photothermal Cancer Therapy ▶     Amin GhavamiNejad, Melisa SamariKhalaj, Ludwig Erik Aguilar et al.     This study reports on an intelligent composite hydrogel with both pH-dependent drug release in a cancer environment and heat generation based on NIR laser exposure, for the …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Using fluorescent dissolved organic matter to trace and distinguish the origin of Arctic surface waters ▶     Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Mats A. Granskog, Astrid Bracher et al.     Climate change affects the Arctic with regards to permafrost thaw, sea-ice melt, alterations to the freshwater budget and increased export of terrestrial material to the Arctic …             The H2/CH4 ratio during serpentinization cannot reliably identify biological signatures ▶     Ruifang Huang, Weidong Sun, Jinzhong Liu et al.     Serpentinization potentially contributes to the origin and evolution of life during early history of the Earth. Serpentinization produces molecular hydrogen (H2) that can be …             DNA barcoding reveals that the common cupped oyster in Taiwan is the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata (Ostreoida; Ostreidae), not C. gigas ▶     Sheng-Tai Hsiao, Shin-Chang Chuang, Kao-Sung Chen et al.     The Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is one of the major aquacultural shellfish species that has been introduced to Europe and America from its native source in the West …             Evaluating digestion efficiency in full-scale anaerobic digesters by identifying active microbial populations through the lens of microbial activity ▶     Ran Mei, Takashi Narihiro, Masaru K. Nobu et al.     Anaerobic digestion is a common technology to biologically stabilize wasted solids produced in municipal wastewater treatment. Its efficiency is usually evaluated by calculating …             Emergence of global scaling behaviour in the coupled Earth-atmosphere interaction ▶     Bijan Fallah, Abbas Ali Saberi, Sahar Sodoudi     Scale invariance property in the global geometry of Earth may lead to a coupled interactive behaviour between various components of the climate system. One of the most …             Migratory blackcaps can use their magnetic compass at 5 degrees inclination, but are completely random at 0 degrees inclination ▶     Susanne Schwarze, Friederike Steenken, Nadine Thiele et al.     It is known that night-migratory songbirds use a magnetic compass measuring the magnetic inclination angle, i.e. the angle between the Earth’s surface and the magnetic field …             Identification and comparative analysis of the microRNA transcriptome in roots of two contrasting tobacco genotypes in response to cadmium stress ▶     Xiaoyan He, Weite Zheng, Fangbin Cao et al.     Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is more acclimated to cadmium (Cd) uptake and preferentially enriches Cd in leaves than other crops. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in …             The conservative behavior of dissolved organic carbon in surface waters of the southern Chukchi Sea, Arctic Ocean, during early summer ▶     Kazuki Tanaka, Nobuyuki Takesue, Jun Nishioka et al.     The spatial distribution of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and the optical properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) determined by ultraviolet-visible …             A novel testate amoebae trait-based approach to infer environmental disturbance in Sphagnum peatlands ▶     Katarzyna Marcisz, Daniele Colombaroli, Vincent E. J. Jassey et al.     Species’ functional traits are closely related to ecosystem processes through evolutionary adaptation, and are thus directly connected to environmental changes. Species’ traits …             Titanium dioxide nanoparticles strongly impact soil microbial function by affecting archaeal nitrifiers ▶     Marie Simonin, Agnès Richaume, Julien P. Guyonnet et al.     Soils are facing new environmental stressors, such as titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs). While these emerging pollutants are increasingly released into most ecosystems, …             Predator-prey interactions in the plankton: larval fish feeding on evasive copepods ▶     James M. Jackson, Petra H. Lenz     Capture success and prey selectivity were investigated in clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris larvae using videography. Three prey types were tested using developmental stages …             Sexually dimorphic gene expressions in eels: useful markers for early sex assessment in a conservation context ▶     Benjamin Geffroy, Florian Guilbaud, Elsa Amilhat et al.     Environmental sex determination (ESD) has been detected in a range of vertebrate reptile and fish species. Eels are characterized by an ESD that occurs relatively late, since sex …             Quantifying overlap between the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and predicted bluefin tuna spawning habitat in the Gulf of Mexico ▶     Elliott L. Hazen, Aaron B. Carlisle, Steven G. Wilson et al.     Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are distributed throughout the North Atlantic and are both economically valuable and heavily exploited. The fishery is currently managed …             Metabolic and Dynamic Profiling for Risk Assessment of Fluopyram, a Typical Phenylamide Fungicide Widely Applied in Vegetable Ecosystem ▶     Peng Wei, Yanan Liu, Wenzhuo Li et al.     Fluopyram, a typical phenylamide fungicide, was widely applied to protect fruit vegetables from fungal pathogens-responsible yield loss. Highly linked to the ecological and …             A new frontier in CO2 flux measurements using a highly portable DIAL laser system ▶     Manuel Queiβer, Domenico Granieri, Mike Burton     Volcanic CO2 emissions play a key role in the geological carbon cycle, and monitoring of volcanic CO2 fluxes helps to forecast eruptions. The quantification of CO2 fluxes is …             Third trimester phthalate exposure is associated with DNA methylation of growth-related genes in human placenta ▶     Yan Zhao, Jiao Chen, Xiu Wang et al.     Strong evidence implicates maternal phthalate exposure during pregnancy in contributing to adverse birth outcomes. Recent research suggests these effects might be mediated …             Contrasting diets reveal metabolic plasticity in the tree-killing beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) ▶     Charles J. Mason, Erin D. Scully, Scott M. Geib et al.     Wood-feeding insects encounter challenging diets containing low protein quantities, recalcitrant carbohydrate sources, and plant defensive compounds. The Asian longhorned beetle (…             Segmentation of the Himalayas as revealed by arc-parallel gravity anomalies ▶     György Hetényi, Rodolphe Cattin, Théo Berthet et al.     Lateral variations along the Himalayan arc are suggested by an increasing number of studies and carry important information about the orogen’s segmentation. Here we compile the …             Long-term incorporation of manure with chemical fertilizers reduced total nitrogen loss in rain-fed cropping systems ▶     Yinghua Duan, Minggang Xu, Suduan Gao et al.     Improving soil fertility/productivity and reducing environmental impact of nitrogen (N) fertilization are essential for sustainable agriculture. Quantifying the contribution of …             Changes in the timing, length and heating degree days of the heating season in central heating zone of China ▶     Xiangjin Shen, Binhui Liu     Climate change affects the demand for energy consumption, especially for heating and cooling buildings. Using daily mean temperature (Tmean) data, this study analyzed the …             How do the strength and type of ENSO affect SST predictability in coupled models ▶     Soo-Jin Sohn, Chi-Yung Tam, Hye-In Jeong     The effects of amplitude and type of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on sea surface temperature (SST) predictability on a global scale were investigated, by examining …             Canadian Arctic sea ice reconstructed from bromine in the Greenland NEEM ice core ▶     Andrea Spolaor, Paul Vallelonga, Clara Turetta et al.     Reconstructing the past variability of Arctic sea ice provides an essential context for recent multi-year sea ice decline, although few quantitative reconstructions cover the …             Corrigendum: Metabolic rates of giant pandas inform conservation strategies ▶     Yuxiang Fei, Rong Hou, James R. Spotila et al.                 Self-Replication of Localized Vegetation Patches in Scarce Environments ▶     Ignacio Bordeu, Marcel G. Clerc, Piere Couteron et al.     Desertification due to climate change and increasing drought periods is a worldwide problem for both ecology and economy. Our ability to understand how vegetation manages to …             Atmospheric transformation of plant volatiles disrupts host plant finding ▶     Tao Li, James D. Blande, Jarmo K. Holopainen     Plant-emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play important roles in plant-insect interactions. Atmospheric pollutants such as ozone (O3) can react with VOCs and affect the …             Driving forces of soil bacterial community structure, diversity, and function in temperate grasslands and forests ▶     Kristin Kaiser, Bernd Wemheuer, Vera Korolkow et al.     Soil bacteria provide a large range of ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling. Despite their important role in soil systems, compositional and functional responses of …             Evaluation of World Population-Weighted Effective Dose due to Cosmic Ray Exposure ▶     Tatsuhiko Sato     After the release of the Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee of the Effects of Atomic Radiation in 2000 (UNSCEAR2000), it became commonly accepted that the world …             Attribution of hydrological change in Heihe River Basin to climate and land use change in the past three decades ▶     Kaisheng Luo, Fulu Tao, Juana P. Moiwo et al.     The contributions of climate and land use change (LUCC) to hydrological change in Heihe River Basin (HRB), Northwest China were quantified using detailed climatic, land use and …             A Hardy Plant Facilitates Nitrogen Removal via Microbial Communities in Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands in Winter ▶     Penghe Wang, Hui Zhang, Jie Zuo et al.     The plants effect in subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSF-CWs) is controversial, especially at low temperatures. Consequently, several SSF-CWs planted with Iris pseudacorus …             Mechanism Underlying Time-dependent Cross-phenomenon between Concentration-response Curves and Concentration Addition Curves: A Case Study of Sulfonamides-Erythromycin mixtures on Escherichia coli ▶     Haoyu Sun, Hongming Ge, Min Zheng et al.     Previous studies have identified a phenomenon in which the concentration-response curves (CRCs) for mixtures cross the curves for concentration addition model when predicting or …             Hydrothermal etching fabrication of TiO2@graphene hollow structures: mutually independent exposed {001} and {101} facets nanocrystals and its synergistic photocaltalytic effects ▶     Hui Liu, Shuang Liu, Zhiling Zhang et al.     Highly exposed facets TiO2 attracts enormous attention due to its excellent separation effect of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and induced high performance of photocatalytic …             Litter input decreased the response of soil organic matter decomposition to warming in two subtropical forest soils ▶     Qingkui Wang, Tongxin He, Jing Liu     Interaction effect of temperature and litter input on SOM decomposition is poor understood, restricting accurate prediction of the dynamics and stocks of soil organic carbon …             An Energy Harvesting Underwater Acoustic Transmitter for Aquatic Animals ▶     Huidong Li, Chuan Tian, Jun Lu et al.     Acoustic telemetry is the primary method to actively track aquatic animals for behavioral studies. However, the small storage capacities of the batteries used in the transmitters …             Validation of trophic and anthropic underwater noise as settlement trigger in blue mussels ▶     Aurélie Jolivet, Rejean Tremblay, Fréderic Olivier et al.     Like the majority of benthic invertebrates, the blue mussel Mytilus edulis has a bentho-pelagic cycle with its larval settlement being a complex phenomenon involving numerous …             Self-assembly formation of Bi-functional Co3O4/MnO2-CNTs hybrid catalysts for achieving both high energy/power density and cyclic ability of rechargeable zinc-air battery ▶     Nengneng Xu, Yuyu Liu, Xia Zhang et al.     α-MnO2 nanotubes-supported Co3O4 (Co3O4/MnO2) and its carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-hybrids (Co3O4/MnO2-CNTs) have been successfully developed through a facile two-pot precipitation …             Protein oxidation and degradation caused by particulate matter ▶     Ching-Huang Lai, Chun-Nin Lee, Kuan-Jen Bai et al.     Particulate matter (PM) modulates the expression of autophagy; however, the role of selective autophagy by PM remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Reappraisal of effects of serum chemerin and adiponectin levels and nutritional status on cardiovascular outcomes in prevalent hemodialysis patients ▶     Hung-Yuan Chen, Yen-Lin Chiu, Shih-Ping Hsu et al.     Although chemerin, an adipokine, increases the cardiovascular (CV) risk in obese people, it is associated with a survival advantage in incident hemodialysis (HD) patients. We …             MicroRNA-122 as a predictor of HBsAg seroclearance in hepatitis B and C dual infected patients treated with interferon and ribavirin ▶     Yi-Hao Yen, Chao-Min Huang, Kuo-Liang Wei et al.     It has been demonstrated that microRNA-122 (miR-122) plays key roles in the modulation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication. This study examined the role of miR-122 in patients …             Serum sclerostin levels in renal cell carcinoma patients with bone metastases ▶     C. Wibmer, K. Amrein, A. Fahrleitner-Pammer et al.     Sclerostin has been proposed as a potent inhibitor of bone formation. Sclerostin antibodies are under clinical development to treat osteoporosis and metastatic bone disease. …             Polyoxazoline multivalently conjugated with indocyanine green for sensitive in vivo photoacoustic imaging of tumors ▶     Kengo Kanazaki, Kohei Sano, Akira Makino et al.     Photoacoustic imaging, which enables high-resolution imaging in deep tissues, has lately attracted considerable attention. For tumor imaging, photoacoustic probes have been …             Efficacy and safety of TNF-α inhibitors for active ankylosing spondylitis patients: Multiple treatment comparisons in a network meta-analysis ▶     Wei Liu, Yuan-hao Wu, Lei Zhang et al.     Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an inflammatory rheumatic disease with impact on axial skeleton, peripheral joints and enthuses, and it may result in severe disabilities of those …             Analysis of heterogeneous dengue transmission in Guangdong in 2014 with multivariate time series model ▶     Qing Cheng, Xin Lu, Joseph T. Wu et al.     Guangdong experienced the largest dengue epidemic in recent history. In 2014, the number of dengue cases was the highest in the previous 10 years and comprised more than 90% of …             Elevated First-Trimester Total Bile Acid is Associated with the Risk of Subsequent Gestational Diabetes ▶     Wolin Hou, Xiyan Meng, Weijing Zhao et al.     The aim of the current study is to assess whether total bile acid (TBA) level in first trimester pregnancy is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Biochemical …             Coffee and cancer risk: A meta-analysis of prospective observational studies ▶     Anqiang Wang, Shanshan Wang, Chengpei Zhu et al.     Meta-analyses on coffee and cancer incidence mainly restricted to limited cancers. We carried out a more comprehensive meta-analysis of cohort studies to explore association …             Myeloid Cell-Specific Lipin-1 Deficiency Stimulates Endocrine Adiponectin-FGF15 Axis and Ameliorates Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice ▶     Jiayou Wang, Chunki Kim, Alvin Jogasuria et al.     Lipin-1 is a phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP) required for the generation of diacylglycerol during glycerolipid synthesis, and exhibits dual functions in the regulation of …             Involvement of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy, and Apoptosis in Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced Glomerular Mesangial Cell Injury ▶     Chih-Kang Chiang, Ching-Chia Wang, Tien-Fong Lu et al.     Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)-induced mesangial cell death is one of major causes of glomerulus dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy. Both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) …             Compartmentalized gene expression profiling of receptive endometrium reveals progesterone regulated ENPP3 is differentially expressed and secreted in glycosylated form ▶     Nageswara Rao Boggavarapu, Sujata Lalitkumar, Vijay Joshua et al.     The complexity of endometrial receptivity at the molecular level needs to be explored in detail to improve the management of infertility. Here, differential expression of …             UGT2B28 genomic variation is associated with hepatitis B e-antigen seroconversion in response to antiviral therapy ▶     Kung-Hao Liang, Chih-Lang Lin, Chao-Wei Hsu et al.     Seroconversion of hepatitis B virus (HBV) e-antigen (HBeAg) is a critical but often-missed therapeutic goal in standard antiviral treatments. An extreme-phenotype genome-wide …             A recurrent deletion in the SLC5A2 gene including the intron 7 branch site responsible for familial renal glucosuria ▶     Xiangzhong Zhao, Li Cui, Yanhua Lang et al.     Familial renal glycosuria (FRG) is caused by mutations in the SLC5A2 gene, which codes for Na+-glucose co-transporters 2 (SGLT2). The aim of this study was to analyze and …             Evaluating the performance of infectious disease forecasts: A comparison of climate-driven and seasonal dengue forecasts for Mexico ▶     Michael A. Johansson, Nicholas G. Reich, Aditi Hota et al.     Dengue viruses, which infect millions of people per year worldwide, cause large epidemics that strain healthcare systems. Despite diverse efforts to develop forecasting tools …             Effective vitrification and warming of porcine embryos using a pH-stable, chemically defined medium ▶     Cristina Cuello, Cristina A. Martinez, Alicia Nohalez et al.     The use of pH-stable media would simplify embryo vitrification and the warming of porcine embryos and might facilitate the application of embryo transfer in practice. In this …             In vitro and in vivo study of additive manufactured porous Ti6Al4V scaffolds for repairing bone defects ▶     Guoyuan Li, Lei Wang, Wei Pan et al.     Metallic implants with a low effective modulus can provide early load-bearing and reduce stress shielding, which is favorable for increasing in vivo life-span. In this research, …             Gender effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms and miRNAs targeting clock-genes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients (mCRC) ▶     Carlo Garufi, Elisa Giacomini, Angela Torsello et al.     The circadian system is composed of a set of clock-genes including PERIOD, CLOCK, BMAL1 and CRY. Disrupting this system promotes cancer development and progression. The …             Tanshinones and diethyl blechnics with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen) ▶     Hongwei Gao, Wen Sun, Jianping Zhao et al.     Four novel compounds (1–4) as well as fourteen reported compounds (5–18) were isolated and purified from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). The structures of novel compounds …             Destabilization of the IFT-B cilia core complex due to mutations in IFT81 causes a Spectrum of Short-Rib Polydactyly Syndrome ▶     Ivan Duran, S. Paige Taylor, Wenjuan Zhang et al.     Short-rib polydactyly syndromes (SRPS) and Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD) or Jeune Syndrome are recessively inherited skeletal ciliopathies characterized by profound …             A suppressor locus for MODY3-diabetes ▶     Miguel A. Garcia-Gonzalez, Claire Carette, Alessia Bagattin et al.     Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young type 3 (MODY3), linked to mutations in the transcription factor HNF1A, is the most prevalent form of monogenic diabetes mellitus. …             Coxsackievirus A16 induced neurological disorders in young gerbils which could serve as a new animal model for vaccine evaluation ▶     Yi-Sheng Sun, Ya-jing Li, Yong Xia et al.     Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is one of the major pathogens associated with human hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in the Asia-pacific region. Although CA16 infections are …             Systemic blockade of ACVR2B ligands prevents chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting by restoring muscle protein synthesis without affecting oxidative capacity or atrogenes ▶     T. A. Nissinen, J. Degerman, M. Räsänen et al.     Doxorubicin is a widely used and effective chemotherapy drug. However, cardiac and skeletal muscle toxicity of doxorubicin limits its use. Inhibiting myostatin/activin signalling …             Human and mouse monocytes display distinct signalling and cytokine profiles upon stimulation with FFAR2/FFAR3 short-chain fatty acid receptor agonists ▶     Zhiwei Ang, Jun Zhi Er, Nguan Soon Tan et al.     Knockout mice studies implicate the mammalian short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptors, FFAR2 and FFAR3– in colitis, arthritis and asthma. However, the correlation with human …             Time to lowest postoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level is predictive on survival outcome in rectal cancer ▶     Huichuan Yu, Yanxin Luo, Xiaolin Wang et al.     This study was to investigate whether the time to the lowest postoperative CEA can predict cancer survival. We enrolled 155 rectal cancer patients in this retrospective and …             Downregulation of angiotensin type 1 receptor and nuclear factor-κB by sirtuin 1 contributes to renoprotection in unilateral ureteral obstruction ▶     Shao-Yu Yang, Shuei-Liong Lin, Yung-Ming Chen et al.     Activation of sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) attenuates unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-induced inflammation and fibrosis, suggesting that Sirt1 may prevent tubulointerstitial fibrosis. …             Elevated Adiponectin Levels Suppress Perivascular and Aortic Inflammation and Prevent AngII-induced Advanced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ▶     Dick Wågsäter, Emina Vorkapic, Caroline M. W. van Stijn et al.     Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a degenerative disease characterized by aortic dilation and rupture leading to sudden death. Currently, no non-surgical treatments are …             Efficacy of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation compared to conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation for adult cardiac arrest patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Chiwon Ahn, Wonhee Kim, Youngsuk Cho et al.     We performed a meta-analysis to compare the impact of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) to that of conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CCPR) in adult …             Blocking 5-HT2 receptor restores cardiovascular disorders in type 1 experimental diabetes ▶     José-Ángel García-Pedraza, Pedro Ferreira-Santos, Rubén Aparicio et al.     This study aimed to determine whether the serotonergic modulation, through selective 5-HT2 receptor blockade, restores cardiovascular disturbances in type 1 diabetic rats. …             A Single Talent Immunogenic Membrane Antigen and Novel Prognostic Predictor: voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) in Pancreatic Cancer ▶     Weibin Wang, Taiping Zhang, Wenjing Zhao et al.     Immunogenic membrane antigens associated with multiple biological functions of human cancer cells, have significant value in molecule diagnosis and targeted therapy. Here we …             Pharmacological LRRK2 kinase inhibition induces LRRK2 protein destabilization and proteasomal degradation ▶     E. Lobbestael, L. Civiero, T. De Wit et al.     Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) kinase activity is increased in several pathogenic mutations, including the most common mutation, G2019S, and is known to play a role in …             Antibacterial activity of a modified unfilled resin containing a novel polymerizable quaternary ammonium salt MAE-HB ▶     Li Huang, Fan Yu, Xiang Sun et al.     Resins with strong and long-lasting antibacterial properties are critical for the prevention of secondary dental caries. In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial effect and …             Impact of a high Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score on obstetric and perinatal outcomes ▶     Pathmila Navaratne, Xin Y Foo, Sailesh Kumar     The aim of this retrospective study was to characterise intrapartum and neonatal outcomes in women with an antenatally recorded Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score (EPDS) ≤ 9 …             Erratum: Detecting a hierarchical genetic population structure via Multi-InDel markers on the X chromosome ▶     Guang Yao Fan, Yi Ye, Yi Ping Hou                 Expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor contributes to the establishment of intestinal microbial community structure in mice ▶     Iain A. Murray, Robert G. Nichols, Limin Zhang et al.     Environmental and genetic factors represent key components in the establishment/maintenance of the intestinal microbiota. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is emerging as a …             Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation of human primary visual cortex ▶     Wonhye Lee, Hyun-Chul Kim, Yujin Jung et al.     Transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) is making progress as a new non-invasive mode of regional brain stimulation. Current evidence of FUS-mediated neurostimulation for humans …             Protein Kinase D2 Protects against Acute Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium in Mice ▶     Jing Xiong, Ming-feng Zhou, Ya-dong Wang et al.     Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by dysregulation of the mucosal immune system resulting from impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function. Protein kinase D2 has …             Altered Biomarkers in Trophoblast Cells Obtained Noninvasively Prior to Clinical Manifestation of Perinatal Disease ▶     Jay M. Bolnick, Hamid-Reza Kohan-Ghadr, Rani Fritz et al.     A contributing factor to poor placental perfusion, leading to intrauterine growth restriction and preeclampsia, is the failure of invading extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells to …             Methylation of SFRP2 gene as a promising noninvasive biomarker using feces in colorectal cancer diagnosis: a systematic meta-analysis ▶     Qihua Yang, Tao Huang, Guoliang Ye et al.     Methylation of secreted frizzled-related protein genes (SFRP) associated with the Wnt signaling pathway has previously been reported. However, the diagnostic role of SFRP …             Gut microbiota Modulated by Probiotics and Garcinia cambogia Extract Correlate with Weight Gain and Adipocyte Sizes in High Fat-Fed Mice ▶     Jaeyoung Heo, Minseok Seo, Hwanhee Park et al.     Results of recent studies on gut microbiota have suggested that obesogenic bacteria exacerbate obesity and metabolic dysfunction in the host when fed a high fat diet (HFD). In …             A novel animal model for skin flap prelamination with biomaterials ▶     Xianyu Zhou, Xusong Luo, Fei Liu et al.     Several animal models of skin flap construction were reported using biomaterials in a way similar to prefabrication. However, there are few animal model using biomaterials …             The UPR inducer DPP23 inhibits the metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by targeting the Akt–IKK–NF-κB–MMP-9 axis ▶     Soon Young Shin, Chang Gun Kim, You Jung Jung et al.     (E)-3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (DPP23) is a synthetic polyphenol derivative that selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells through the …             Female Adult Aedes albopictus Suppression by Wolbachia-Infected Male Mosquitoes ▶     James W. Mains, Corey L. Brelsfoard, Robert I. Rose et al.     Dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses are pathogens with an increasing global impact. In the absence of an approved vaccine or therapy, their management relies on controlling the …             Region-specific growth restriction of brain following preterm birth ▶     Sachiko Iwata, Reiji Katayama, Masahiro Kinoshita et al.     Regional brain sizes of very-preterm infants at term-equivalent age differ from those of term-born peers, which have been linked with later cognitive impairments. However, …             Decreased IL7Rα and TdT expression underlie the skewed immunoglobulin repertoire of human B-cell precursors from fetal origin ▶     Magdalena B. Rother, Kristin Jensen, Mirjam van der Burg et al.     Newborns are unable to mount antibody responses towards certain antigens. This has been related to the restricted repertoire of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes of their B cells. The …             Prediction of prostate cancer recurrence using quantitative phase imaging: Validation on a general population ▶     Shamira Sridharan, Virgilia Macias, Krishnarao Tangella et al.     Prediction of biochemical recurrence risk of prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy is critical for determining whether the patient would benefit from adjuvant …             Oligomannan Prebiotic Attenuates Immunological, Clinical and Behavioral Symptoms in Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease ▶     Szilamér Ferenczi, Krisztián Szegi, Zsuzsanna Winkler et al.     Inflammatory bowel disease shows increasing prevalence, however its pathomechanism and treatment is not fully resolved. Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates which might …             The Healthy Infant Nasal Transcriptome: A Benchmark Study ▶     Chin-Yi Chu, Xing Qiu, Lu Wang et al.     Responses by resident cells are likely to play a key role in determining the severity of respiratory disease. However, sampling of the airways poses a significant challenge, …             Mitigation of indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal damages in fat-1 transgenic mice via gate-keeper action of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids ▶     Young-Min Han, Jong-Min Park, Jing X. Kang et al.     Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) damage the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial cell membranes by inducing several signals through lipid raft organization after …             Flyglow: Single-fly observations of simultaneous molecular and behavioural circadian oscillations in controls and an Alzheimer’s model ▶     Eleonora Khabirova, Ko-Fan Chen, John S. O’Neill et al.     Circadian rhythms are essential for health and are frequently disturbed in disease. A full understanding of the causal relationships between behavioural and molecular circadian …             The brain, obesity and addiction: an EEG neuroimaging study ▶     Dirk De Ridder, Patrick Manning, Sook Ling Leong et al.     Obesity is among the greatest challenges facing healthcare systems with 20% of the world’s population afflicted. Great controversy exists whether obesity can be regarded as an …             Non-professional marathon running: RAGE axis and ST2 family changes in relation to open-window effect, inflammation and renal function ▶     Christine Bekos, Matthias Zimmermann, Lukas Unger et al.     Conflicting data exist on the relevance of marathon (M) and half marathon (HM) running for health. The number of non-professional athletes finishing M and HM events is steadily …             Identification of gefitinib off-targets using a structure-based systems biology approach; their validation with reverse docking and retrospective data mining ▶     Nidhi Verma, Amit Kumar Rai, Vibha Kaushik et al.     Gefitinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used as FDA approved drug in breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer treatment. However, this drug has certain side effects …             Increased aqueous flare is associated with thickening of inner retinal layers in eyes with retinitis pigmentosa ▶     Yosuke Nagasaka, Yasuki Ito, Shinji Ueno et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa(RP) is a hereditary retinal disease that causes photoreceptor, outer retinal, degeneration. Although the pathogenesis is still unclear, there have been …             Retinal expression of small non-coding RNAs in a murine model of proliferative retinopathy ▶     Chi-Hsiu Liu, Zhongxiao Wang, Ye Sun et al.     Ocular neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness in proliferative retinopathy. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) play critical roles in both vascular and neuronal …             NOR-1/NR4A3 regulates the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (cIAP2) in vascular cells: role in the survival response to hypoxic stress ▶     Judith Alonso, María Galán, Ingrid Martí-Pàmies et al.     Vascular cell survival is compromised under pathological conditions such as abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We have previously shown that the nuclear receptor NOR-1 is involved …             Chronic recurrent dehydration associated with periodic water intake exacerbates hypertension and promotes renal damage in male spontaneously hypertensive rats ▶     Lucinda M. Hilliard, Katrina M. Mirabito Colafella, Louise L. Bulmer et al.     Epidemiological evidence links recurrent dehydration associated with periodic water intake with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, minimal attention has been paid to the …             Hyaluronic acid-modified manganese-chelated dendrimer-entrapped gold nanoparticles for the targeted CT/MR dual-mode imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Ruizhi Wang, Yu Luo, Shuohui Yang et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the liver. The early and effective diagnosis has always been desired. Herein, we present the preparation and …             Effect of Intermittent versus Chronic Calorie Restriction on Tumor Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies ▶     Yalan Chen, Lifeng Ling, Guanglei Su et al.     Both chronic calorie restriction (CCR) and intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) have shown anticancer effects. However, the direct evidence comparing ICR to CCR with respect to …             Systematic analysis of genetic variants in Han Chinese patients with sporadic Parkinson’s disease ▶     Lamei Yuan, Zhi Song, Xiong Deng et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Accumulated evidence confirms that genetic factors play a considerable role in PD pathogenesis. To …             Intein mediated hyper-production of authentic human basic fibroblast growth factor in Escherichia coli ▶     Keith W. Y. Kwong, T. Sivakumar, W. K. R. Wong     Human basic fibroblast growth factor is a functionally versatile but very expensive polypeptide. In this communication, employing a novel amplification method for the target gene …             Third trimester phthalate exposure is associated with DNA methylation of growth-related genes in human placenta ▶     Yan Zhao, Jiao Chen, Xiu Wang et al.     Strong evidence implicates maternal phthalate exposure during pregnancy in contributing to adverse birth outcomes. Recent research suggests these effects might be mediated …             Associations between metabolic syndrome and clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia in a northern urban Han Chinese population: A prospective cohort study ▶     Si-Cong Zhao, Ming Xia, Jian-Chun Tang et al.     Biologic rationales exist for the associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, epidemiologic studies have yield inconsistent …             Mislocalisation of BEST1 in iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells from a family with autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC) ▶     David A. Carter, Matthew J. K. Smart, William V. G. Letton et al.     Autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC) is a rare, early-onset retinal dystrophy characterised by distinct bands of circumferential pigmentary degeneration in the …             Preferential uptake of antioxidant carbon nanoparticles by T lymphocytes for immunomodulation ▶     Redwan Huq, Errol L. G. Samuel, William K. A. Sikkema et al.     Autoimmune diseases mediated by a type of white blood cell—T lymphocytes—are currently treated using mainly broad-spectrum immunosuppressants that can lead to adverse side …             Influenza A Virus Polymerase Recruits the RNA Helicase DDX19 to Promote the Nuclear Export of Viral mRNAs ▶     Cédric Diot, Guillaume Fournier, Mélanie Dos Santos et al.     Enhancing the knowledge of host factors that are required for efficient influenza A virus (IAV) replication is essential to address questions related to pathogenicity and to …             Dopaminergic Receptors on CD4+ T Naive and Memory Lymphocytes Correlate with Motor Impairment in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Natasa Kustrimovic, Emanuela Rasini, Massimiliano Legnaro et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta, α-synuclein (α-syn)-rich intraneuronal inclusions (Lewy bodies), and …             High throughput sequencing analysis of RNA libraries reveals the influences of initial library and PCR methods on SELEX efficiency ▶     Mayumi Takahashi, Xiwei Wu, Michelle Ho et al.     The systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technique is a powerful and effective aptamer-selection procedure. However, modifications to the process can …             Prevalence and Subtypes of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Blake J. Lawrence, Natalie Gasson, Andrea M. Loftus     The current study examined the prevalence and subtypes of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) in an Australian sample of people with Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Seventy participants …             Decreased sleep quality in high myopia children ▶     Masahiko Ayaki, Hidemasa Torii, Kazuo Tsubota et al.     The aim of the present study was to evaluate sleep quality in myopic children and adults. This cross sectional study surveyed 486 participants aged from 10 to 59 years with …             Mechanistic insight into the norepinephrine-induced fibrosis in systemic sclerosis ▶     Akihito Uehara, Sei-ichiro Motegi, Kazuya Yamada et al.     Raynaud’s phenomenon is frequently observed in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, and cold- or stress-induced norepinephrine (NE) has been speculated to be associated with …             Asymptomatic Extracranial Artery Stenosis and the Risk of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases ▶     Dandan Wang, Jing Wang, Cheng Jin et al.     Asymptomatic extracranial artery stenosis (ECAS) is a well-known risk factor for stroke events, but it remains unclear whether it has the same role in predicting cardiovascular …             Circulating Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 is Associated with Diastolic Dysfunction in Heart Failure Patients with Preserved Ejection Fraction ▶     Ruey-Hsing Chou, Po-Hsun Huang, Chien-Yi Hsu et al.     Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a polypeptide ligand promoted glucose homeostasis and lipids metabolism, was recently reported to attenuate cardiac hypertrophy. The aim of …             A miRNA-based signature predicts development of disease recurrence in HER2 positive breast cancer after adjuvant trastuzumab-based treatment ▶     F. Du, P. Yuan, Z. T. Zhao et al.     Approximately 20% of HER2 positive breast cancer develops disease recurrence after adjuvant trastuzumab treatment. This study aimed to develop a molecular prognostic model that …             CXCL13, CXCL10 and CXCL8 as Potential Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Neurosyphilis Patients ▶     Cuini Wang, Kaiqi Wu, Qian Yu et al.     At present, diagnosis for neurosyphilis remains a major clinical challenge. Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) titer of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is suboptimally …             Trauma-specific Grey Matter Alterations in PTSD ▶     Linghui Meng, Jing Jiang, Changfeng Jin et al.     Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caused by different types of trauma may show divergence in epidemiology, clinical …             Construction of a Corneal Stromal Equivalent with SMILE-Derived Lenticules and Fibrin Glue ▶     Houfa Yin, Peijin Qiu, Fang Wu et al.     The scarcity of corneal tissue to treat deep corneal defects and corneal perforations remains a challenge. Currently, small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE)-derived …             During acute experimental infection with the reticulotropic Trypanosoma cruzi strain Tulahuen IL-22 is induced IL-23-dependently but is dispensable for protection ▶     Hanna Erdmann, Jochen Behrends, Christoph Hölscher     Protective immunity against Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, depends on the activation of macrophages by IFN-γ and IL-17A. In contrast, IL-10 prevents …             Photobiomodulation (blue and green light) encourages osteoblastic-differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells: role of intracellular calcium and light-gated ion channels ▶     Yuguang Wang, Ying-Ying Huang, Yong Wang et al.     Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) have the potential to differentiate into several different cell types including osteoblasts. Photobiomodulation (PBM) or low level laser …             Investigation of SP94 Peptide as a Specific Probe for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Imaging and Therapy ▶     Yanli Li, Yan Hu, Jie Xiao et al.     SP94 (SFSIIHTPILPL), a novel peptide, has shown specific binding to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We aimed to investigate the capability of SP94 as a targeting probe for …             Evaluation of World Population-Weighted Effective Dose due to Cosmic Ray Exposure ▶     Tatsuhiko Sato     After the release of the Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee of the Effects of Atomic Radiation in 2000 (UNSCEAR2000), it became commonly accepted that the world …             IL-18BP is decreased in osteoporotic women: Prevents Inflammasome mediated IL-18 activation and reduces Th17 differentiation ▶     Mohd Nizam Mansoori, Priyanka Shukla, Manisha Kakaji et al.     IL-18BP is a natural antagonist of pro-inflammatory IL-18 cytokine linked to autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis. However, its role in post menopausal osteoporosis is …             Discovery, screening and evaluation of a plasma biomarker panel for subjects with psychological suboptimal health state using 1H-NMR-based metabolomics profiles ▶     Jun-sheng Tian, Xiao-tao Xia, Yan-fei Wu et al.     Individuals in the state of psychological suboptimal health keep increasing, only scales and questionnaires were used to diagnose in clinic under current conditions, and symptoms …             Neprilysin is a Mediator of Alternative Renin-Angiotensin-System Activation in the Murine and Human Kidney ▶     Oliver Domenig, Arndt Manzel, Nadja Grobe et al.     Cardiovascular and renal pathologies are frequently associated with an activated renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) and increased levels of its main effector and vasoconstrictor …             G-quadruplex aptamer targeting Protein A and its capability to detect Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated by ELONA ▶     Regina Stoltenburg, Petra Krafčiková, Viktor Víglaský et al.     Aptamers for whole cell detection are selected mostly by the Cell-SELEX procedure. Alternatively, the use of specific cell surface epitopes as target during aptamer selections …             Gamma-glutamyltransferase as novel biomarker in patients with uterine leiomyosarcoma ▶     Richard Schwameis, Christoph Grimm, Thomas Brodowicz et al.     Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is an established marker for proliferative/apoptotic balance and has been associated with cancer risk and prognosis. The aim of this study was to …             Adenovirus-mediated expression of orphan nuclear receptor NR4A2 targeting hepatic stellate cell attenuates liver fibrosis in rats ▶     Pengguo Chen, Jie Li, Yan Huo et al.     Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response characterized with the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). And hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the principal cell source of …             Defining a Radiomic Response Phenotype: A Pilot Study using targeted therapy in NSCLC ▶     Hugo J. W. L. Aerts, Patrick Grossmann, Yongqiang Tan et al.     Medical imaging plays a fundamental role in oncology and drug development, by providing a non-invasive method to visualize tumor phenotype. Radiomics can quantify this phenotype …             Effects of Methotrexate in a Rabbit Model of In-Stent Neoatherosclerosis: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study ▶     Ruoxi Zhang, Shuyuan Chen, Hui Zhang et al.     This study used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to investigate the effects of systemic methotrexate, in combination with a drug-eluting stent, on in-stent neoatherosclerosis …             Activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels enhances DMT1-mediated iron uptake in SK-N-SH cells in vitro ▶     Xixun Du, Huamin Xu, Limin Shi et al.     Iron importer divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) plays a crucial role in the nigal iron accumulation in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Membrane hyperpolarization is one of the …             Anterior eye tissue morphology: Scleral and conjunctival thickness in children and young adults ▶     Scott A. Read, David Alonso-Caneiro, Stephen J. Vincent et al.     The sclera and conjunctiva form part of the eye’s tough, protective outer coat, and play important roles in the eye’s mechanical protection and immune defence, as well as in …             Circulating miR-185 might be a novel biomarker for clinical outcome in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy ▶     Miao Yu, Wei Liang, Yu Xie et al.     B cells contribute to the development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by inducing myocyte injuries and myocardial fibrosis. Our recent research indicated that microRNA (miR) -185 …             Histomorphometric and ultrastructural analysis of the tendon-bone interface after rotator cuff repair in a rat model ▶     Tomonoshin Kanazawa, Masafumi Gotoh, Keisuke Ohta et al.     Successful rotator cuff repair requires biological anchoring of the repaired tendon to the bone. However, the histological structure of the repaired tendon-bone interface differs …             Combined Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Arterial Spin Labeling as Markers of Early Parkinson’s disease ▶     Xiaobo Wei, Ronghua Yan, Zhaoyu Chen et al.     This study aimed to identify a PD-specific MRI pattern using combined diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) to discriminate patients with early PD from …             Synthesis and Evaluation of 18F-labeled Pyridaben Analogues for Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Mice, Rats and Chinese mini-swine ▶     Tiantian Mou, Zuoquan Zhao, Linyi You et al.     This study reports three novel 18F-labeled pyridaben analogues for potential myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). Three precursors and the corresponding nonradioactive compounds …             Parity and serum lipid levels: a cross-sectional study in chinese female adults ▶     Haichen Lv, Xiaolei Yang, Yong Zhou et al.     Reproductive factors have been shown to correlate with lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parity and serum lipid levels in …             Role of C/EBP-α in Adriamycin-induced podocyte injury ▶     Fang Zhong, Weiming Wang, Kyung Lee et al.     Podocytes are terminally differentiated epithelial cells in the kidney glomeruli that act as a key component of the glomerular filtration barrier. Although the inciting injury to …             Two novel AGXT mutations identified in primary hyperoxaluria type-1 and distinct morphological and structural difference in kidney stones ▶     Cui Wang, Jingru Lu, Yanhua Lang et al.     Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare genetic disease characterized by excessive oxalate accumulation in plasma and urine, resulting in various phenotypes because of …             Fully Automatic System for Accurate Localisation and Analysis of Cephalometric Landmarks in Lateral Cephalograms ▶     Claudia Lindner, Ching-Wei Wang, Cheng-Ta Huang et al.     Cephalometric tracing is a standard analysis tool for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a fully automatic landmark …             Ablation of Y1 receptor impairs osteoclast bone-resorbing activity ▶     Daniela M. Sousa, Francisco Conceição, Diana I. Silva et al.     Y1 receptor (Y1R)-signalling pathway plays a pivotal role in the regulation of bone metabolism. The lack of Y1R-signalling stimulates bone mass accretion that has been mainly …             Portable microsystem integrates multifunctional dielectrophoresis manipulations and a surface stress biosensor to detect red blood cells for hemolytic anemia ▶     Shengbo Sang, Qiliang Feng, Aoqun Jian et al.     Hemolytic anemia intensity has been suggested as a vital factor for the growth of certain clinical complications of sickle cell disease. However, there is no effective and rapid …             Genetic and environmental influences on the germination of basidiospores in the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex ▶     Adrian Forsythe, Aaron Vogan, Jianping Xu     In basidiomycetous fungi, the viability of basidiospores is an important component of sexual fitness. However, relatively little is known about the genetic and environmental …             Differential human urinary lipid profiles using various lipid-extraction protocols: MALDI-TOF and LIFT-TOF/TOF analyses ▶     Phornpimon Tipthara, Visith Thongboonkerd     Changes in lipid levels/profiles can reflect health status and diseases. Urinary lipidomics, thus, has a great potential in clinical diagnostics/prognostics. Previously, only …             Induction of triglyceride accumulation and mitochondrial maintenance in muscle cells by lactate ▶     Jingquan Sun, Xin Ye, Minhao Xie et al.     Muscle exercise induces intramuscular triglyceride (TG) accumulation and promotes mitochondrial maintenance in myotubes. However, the mechanism underlying exercise effects …             Protein oxidation and degradation caused by particulate matter ▶     Ching-Huang Lai, Chun-Nin Lee, Kuan-Jen Bai et al.     Particulate matter (PM) modulates the expression of autophagy; however, the role of selective autophagy by PM remains unclear. The objective of this study was to determine the …             Impact of TROP2 expression on prognosis in solid tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis ▶     Ping Zeng, Min-Bin Chen, Li-Na Zhou et al.     Over-expression of TROP2 (the trophoblast cell surface antigen 2) was reported to predict poor prognosis in various solid tumors in number of studies. However, the results …             Hypermetabolism in B–lymphocytes from malignant hyperthermia susceptible individuals ▶     Kerstin Hoppe, Guido Hack, Frank Lehmann–Horn et al.     Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle metabolism which is characterized by generalized muscle rigidity, increased body temperature, …             Halobacterial nano vesicles displaying murine bactericidal permeability-increasing protein rescue mice from lethal endotoxic shock ▶     Arjun Balakrishnan, Priya DasSarma, Oindrilla Bhattacharjee et al.     Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) had been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and endotoxin neutralizing activity by interacting with LPS of Gram-negative …             Multi-Phenotypic subtyping of circulating tumor cells using sequential fluorescent quenching and restaining ▶     Daniel L Adams, R. Katherine Alpaugh, Susan Tsai et al.     In tissue biopsies formalin fixed paraffin embedded cancer blocks are micro-sectioned producing multiple semi-identical specimens which are analyzed and subtyped proteomically, …             Increased PKCα activity by Rack1 overexpression is responsible for chemotherapy resistance in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia-derived cell line ▶     Jie Lei, Qi Li, Ying Gao et al.     Chemoresistant mechanisms in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients are not clarified. The apoptotic signaling mediated by receptor of activated C kinase 1 (Rack1), …             CCT2 Mutations Evoke Leber Congenital Amaurosis due to Chaperone Complex Instability ▶     Yuriko Minegishi, XunLun Sheng, Kazutoshi Yoshitake et al.     Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a hereditary early-onset retinal dystrophy that is accompanied by severe macular degeneration. In this study, novel compound heterozygous …             Candida albicans Dbf4-dependent Cdc7 kinase plays a novel role in the inhibition of hyphal development ▶     Wei-Chung Lai, Tschen-wei Chang, Chang Hao Wu et al.     Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen. The ability to switch among multiple cellular forms is key to its pathogenesis. 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