|
2024/12/21
ICYMI: Dox-mas Sale + Free Gift Cards! 🎅🌭
The Insane Math Of Graphene
 Practical Investment Analysis for the New Energy EconomyThe Insane Math Of GrapheneDear Reader, Graphene, the world’s first commercialized nano-structure, has been associated with some pretty impressive claims, but the actual facts and figures behind the substance really put things into perspective. One way to create context is to use well known and recognizeable parameters — in this case, we turn to the realm of ballistics. Those who know a few things about firearms understand the enormous gap in power between popular handgun calibers, such as the .9mm Parabellum, and popular rifle calibers, such as the .308 Winchester. Those who aren’t familiar, however, tend to lump all guns into a single category and often ignore some of the fundamental differences between their ballistic performance. The 9mm, which is the most popular handgun caliber in the world, was developed by Georg Luger in 1901, has a cartridge length of 19mm, a projectile mass of 4-8 grams and produces between 300 and 500 ft-lbs of energy. A foot-pound, equivalent to 1.35 joules, is what it takes to move a 1 pound weight the distance of 1 foot. Velocity Is King For perspective, a pro-baseball pitch delivers about 100 foot-pounds. The .308 winchester, developed in 1952, has a cartridge length of 51 millimeters, a projectile mass of 8-12 grams, and produces between 2,600 and 3,000 ft-lbs of energy. The difference is velocity, which increases energy output exponentially as it rises (in contrast to mass which increases energy output linearly). That difference, 300-500 ft-lbs vs 2,600-3000 ft-lbs, puts these two calibers into completely separate classes. The .308 is the most popular hunting caliber in the U.S., capable of ethically taking down any game animal on the continent at distances of up to 800 yards. It has twice the power of the .223 Remington — the 'death ray' caliber most commonly associated with AR pattern rifles (the .308 Winchester, .223 Remington and 9mm Parabellum are all pictured below for reference).
The .9mm, on the other hand is a close-range pistol caliber, designed to be used at 25 yards or less to neutralize human sized targets. It’s the most popular caliber for police departments across the country, and it’s also the caliber against which the most basic class of body armor is measured. Not All Calibers Are Created Equal A typical police-department issued soft armor vest, also known as class 2 armor, is rated to stop just such a round as the .9mm. The armor is light, flexible, and usually consists of multiple layers of kevlar. But it is utterly useless against the narrower, sharper, much faster-moving .308, which will retain lethal energy levels even after punching through 6-8 class 2 vests. So it’s a powerful round, and the choice for SWAT snipers across the country… Now, back to the original topic: How much graphene would it take to stop this projectile at muzzle velocity? The key here lies in graphene’s ability to absorb energy, which has been tested to about 2 megajoules/kilogram. When pitted against a .308 round at the muzzle, the graphene thickness required to dissipate this energy is equal to .032mm, or 32 micrometers. That’s half the thickness of the average human hair. $34,200 Retirement Handout Starts on January 17th. If you missed the December 18th payout... There isn’t much time to waste for the next one! You could boost your retirement income by up to $34,200 a year simply by staking a claim on a new income stream hidden in the recent Inflation Reduction Act. It’s 100% legal, but you’ll need to move fast. The next payment is due on JANUARY 17th. Discover the full details of this retirement income opportunity by clicking here. Graphene's Power... In plain Terms To those who enjoy concrete facts and figures, that’s certainly one which graphically illustrates the strength of this material. But the thing is, tensile strength isn’t the only arena where graphene completely changes the game. It does the same thing for heat dissipation and electric conductivity. When used in rechargeable batteries, graphene’s properties allow for something truly magical to happen. Graphene’s ‘carrier mobility’ — the efficiency of the motion of electric charge — is 140 times that of silicon and 40,000 times better than copper. The result is that a graphene battery’s charge time is substantially better than that of a common lithium ion battery. Up to 70x faster, in fact. Charge For Less Than A Minute. Drive All Month That means that you could have charged your phone or electric car at least three times since you started reading this article (or infinitely more times depending on how bored you got reading it). And that's only the beginning. These graphene batteries would also have 2-4 times the energy density as their lithium-ion counterparts, meaning that that charge would be all you need for a week’s worth of cell phone usage, or a month’s worth of driving for the average American motorist. With these performance stats, the lithium-ion industry has plenty of reason to be terrified of the emergence of the graphene battery. But when will this actually happen? Well, it’s happening, right now. There is a company in Australia getting ready to release the first versions of just such a battery into commercialization in the next 1-2 years. Few people know anything about it, and that’s what makes this opportunity perhaps the biggest available to retail investors today. Get the full story, right here. Fortune favors the bold,
Alex Koyfman His flagship service, Microcap Insider, provides market-beating insights into some of the fastest moving, highest profit-potential companies available for public trading on the U.S. and Canadian exchanges. With more than 5 years of track record to back it up, Microcap Insider is the choice for the growth-minded investor. Alex contributes his thoughts and insights regularly to Energy and Capital. To learn more about Alex, click here.
This email was sent to ignoble.experiment@arconati.us. You can manage your subscription and get our privacy policy here.
Please note: It is not our intention to send email to anyone who doesn't want it. If you're not sure why you're getting this e-letter, or no longer wish to receive it, get more info here, including our privacy policy and information on how to manage your subscription. If you are interested in our other publications, please call our customer service team at 1-877-303-4529. |
Check us out on YouTube!
Energy and Capital, Copyright © 3 East Read Street, Baltimore, MD 21202. 🎉 20% OFF e-Gift Cards Just Launched!
|
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
