Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 27 September 2016

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27 September 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               The npj Biofilms and Microbiomes Community provides an online space for members to share and discuss research, ideas and opinions on both microbial biofilms and microbiomes. A companion site to the journal, the Community allows members to learn more from journal authors, connect with their peers, find out about upcoming events and conferences and collaborate together to advance science. Sign up for free                 Biological Sciences               A general and efficient strategy for generating the stable enzymes ▶     Xiao-Fei Zhang, Guang-Yu Yang, Yong Zhang et al.     The local flexibility of an enzyme’s active center plays pivotal roles in catalysis, however, little is known about how the flexibility of these flexible residues affects …             Mechanism of metamifop inhibition of the carboxyltransferase domain of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase in Echinochloa crus-galli ▶     Xiangdong Xia, Wenjie Tang, Shun He et al.     Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) plays crucial roles in fatty acid metabolism and is an attractive target for herbicide discovery. Metamifop is a novel ACCase-inhibiting …             Integrating Multi-omics Data to Dissect Mechanisms of DNA repair Dysregulation in Breast Cancer ▶     Chao Liu, Florian Rohart, Peter T. Simpson et al.     DNA repair genes and pathways that are transcriptionally dysregulated in cancer provide the first line of evidence for the altered DNA repair status in tumours, and hence have …             Rational improvement of gp41-targeting HIV-1 fusion inhibitors: an innovatively designed Ile-Asp-Leu tail with alternative conformations ▶     Yun Zhu, Shan Su, Lili Qin et al.     Peptides derived from the C-terminal heptad repeat (CHR) of HIV gp41 have been developed as effective fusion inhibitors against HIV-1, but facing the challenges of enhancing …             Corrigendum: The Expression of Human Cytomegalovirus MicroRNA MiR-UL148D during Latent Infection in Primary Myeloid Cells Inhibits Activin A-triggered Secretion of IL-6 ▶     Betty Lau, Emma Poole, Benjamin Krishna et al.                 Integrating occurrence and detectability patterns based on interview data: a case study for threatened mammals in Equatorial Guinea ▶     Chele Martínez-Martí, María V. Jiménez-Franco, J. Andrew Royle et al.     Occurrence models that account for imperfect detection of species are increasingly used for estimating geographical range, for determining species-landscape relations and to …             Effector Diversification Contributes to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Phenotypic Adaptation in a Semi-Isolated Environment ▶     Ian Lorenzo Quibod, Alvaro Perez-Quintero, Nicholas J. Booher et al.     Understanding the processes that shaped contemporary pathogen populations in agricultural landscapes is quite important to define appropriate management strategies and to support …             Erratum: Weibel-Palade body size modulates the adhesive activity of its von Willebrand Factor cargo in cultured endothelial cells ▶     Francesco Ferraro, Mafalda Lopes da Silva, William Grimes et al.                 Novel highly divergent reassortant bat rotaviruses in Cameroon, without evidence of zoonosis ▶     Claude Kwe Yinda, Mark Zeller, Nádia Conceição-Neto et al.     Bats are an important reservoir for zoonotic viruses. To date, only three RVA strains have been reported in bats in Kenya and China. In the current study we investigated the …             Relationships between functional diversity and aboveground biomass production in the Northern Tibetan alpine grasslands ▶     Juntao Zhu, Lin Jiang, Yangjian Zhang     Functional diversity, the extent of functional differences among species in a community, drives biodiversity–ecosystem function (BEF) relationships. Here, four species traits and …             Enhancement of trichothecene mycotoxins of Fusarium oxysporum by ferulic acid aggravates oxidative damage in Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch ▶     Zhen Fang Li, Chen Ling He, Ying Wang et al.     Rehmannia glutinosa is an important medicinal herb that cannot be replanted in the same field due to the effects of autotoxic substances. The effects of these substances on R. …             Identification and testing of oviposition attractant chemical compounds for Musca domestica ▶     Rui Tang, Feng Zhang, N’Golopé Kone et al.     Oviposition attractants for the house fly Musca domestica have been investigated using electrophysiological tests, behavioural assays and field tests. Volatiles were collected …             Ska3 Ensures Timely Mitotic Progression by Interacting Directly With Microtubules and Ska1 Microtubule Binding Domain ▶     Maria Alba Abad, Juan Zou, Bethan Medina-Pritchard et al.     The establishment of physical attachment between the kinetochore and dynamic spindle microtubules, which undergo cycles of polymerization and depolymerization generating straight …             CRHunter: integrating multifaceted information to predict catalytic residues in enzymes ▶     Jun Sun, Jia Wang, Dan Xiong et al.     A variety of algorithms have been developed for catalytic residue prediction based on either feature- or template-based methodology. However, no studies have systematically …             Paraspeckles modulate the intranuclear distribution of paraspeckle-associated Ctn RNA ▶     Aparna Anantharaman, Mahdieh Jadaliha, Vidisha Tripathi et al.     Paraspeckles are sub-nuclear domains that are nucleated by long noncoding RNA Neat1. While interaction of protein components of paraspeckles and Neat1 is understood, there is …             High-speed microscopy of continuously moving cell culture vessels ▶     Friedrich Walter Schenk, Nicolai Brill, Ulrich Marx et al.     We report a method of high-speed phase contrast and bright field microscopy which permits large cell culture vessels to be scanned at much higher speed (up to 30 times faster) …             Topographic contrast of ultrathin cryo-sections for correlative super-resolution light and electron microscopy ▶     José María Mateos, Bruno Guhl, Jana Doehner et al.     Fluorescence microscopy reveals molecular expression at nanometer resolution but lacks ultrastructural context information. This deficit often hinders a clear interpretation of …             Exploring functional roles of TRPV1 intracellular domains with unstructured peptide-insertion screening ▶     Linlin Ma, Fan Yang, Simon Vu et al.     TRPV1 is a polymodal nociceptor for diverse physical and chemical stimuli that interact with different parts of the channel protein. Recent cryo-EM studies revealed detailed …             Expression profiling of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with perineural invasion implicates the p53 pathway in the process ▶     Timothy A. Warren, Natasa Broit, Jacinta L. Simmons et al.     Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common cancer worldwide and accounts for approximately 30% of all keratinocyte cancers. The vast majority of cutaneous SCCs of …             Gondwanan conifer clones imperilled by bushfire ▶     James R. P. Worth, Shota Sakaguchi, Karl D. Rann et al.     Global increases in fire frequency driven by anthropogenic greenhouse emissions and land use change could threaten unique and ancient species by creeping into long-term fire …             Rapid Motion Adaptation Reveals the Temporal Dynamics of Spatiotemporal Correlation between ON and OFF Pathways ▶     Can Oluk, Andrea Pavan, Hulusi Kafaligonul     At the early stages of visual processing, information is processed by two major thalamic pathways encoding brightness increments (ON) and decrements (OFF). Accumulating evidence …             Role of phosphatase of regenerating liver 1 (PRL1) in spermatogenesis ▶     Yunpeng Bai, Hong-Ming Zhou, Lujuan Zhang et al.     The PRL phosphatases are oncogenic when overexpressed but their in vivo biological function is less well understood. Previous gene deletion study revealed a role for PRL2 in …             Computational understanding and experimental characterization of twice-as-smart quadruplex ligands as chemical sensors of bacterial nucleotide second messengers ▶     Jie Zhou, Benjamin T. Roembke, Gabor Paragi et al.     A twice-as-smart ligand is a small molecule that experiences a structural switch upon interaction with its target (i.e., smart ligand) that concomitantly triggers its …             TDP-43 aggregation mirrors TDP-43 knockdown, affecting the expression levels of a common set of proteins ▶     S. Prpar Mihevc, Marco Baralle, Emanuele Buratti et al.     TDP-43 protein plays an important role in regulating transcriptional repression, RNA metabolism, and splicing. Typically it shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm to …             A recurrent deletion in the SLC5A2 gene including the intron 7 branch site responsible for familial renal glucosuria ▶     Xiangzhong Zhao, Li Cui, Yanhua Lang et al.     Familial renal glycosuria (FRG) is caused by mutations in the SLC5A2 gene, which codes for Na+-glucose co-transporters 2 (SGLT2). The aim of this study was to analyze and …             Abrupt switch to migratory night flight in a wild migratory songbird ▶     Daniel Zúñiga, Jade Falconer, Adam M. Fudickar et al.     Every year, billions of wild diurnal songbirds migrate at night. To do so, they shift their daily rhythm from diurnality to nocturnality. In captivity this is observed as a …             Proteomic Analysis of Non-depleted Serum Proteins from Bottlenose Dolphins Uncovers a High Vanin-1 Phenotype ▶     Philip Sobolesky, Celeste Parry, Baylye Boxall et al.     Targeted approaches have been widely used to help explain physiological adaptations, but few studies have used non-targeted omics approaches to explore differences between diving …             Protein characterization of intracellular target-sorted, formalin-fixed cell subpopulations ▶     Jessica S. Sadick, Molly E. Boutin, Diane Hoffman-Kim et al.     Cellular heterogeneity is inherent in most human tissues, making the investigation of specific cell types challenging. Here, we describe a novel, fixation/intracellular …             MALDI-TOF-MS reveals differential N-linked plasma- and IgG-glycosylation profiles between mothers and their newborns ▶     Bas C. Jansen, Albert Bondt, Karli R. Reiding et al.     During pregnancy, the mother provides multiple nutrients and substances to the foetus, with maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) being actively transported to the foetus. Newborns …             Humanization of high-affinity antibodies targeting glypican-3 in hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Yi-Fan Zhang, Mitchell Ho     Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We have generated a group of high-affinity mouse monoclonal …             Atomistic determinants of co-enzyme Q reduction at the Qi-site of the cytochrome bc1 complex ▶     Pekka A. Postila, Karol Kaszuba, Patryk Kuleta et al.     The cytochrome (cyt) bc1 complex is an integral component of the respiratory electron transfer chain sustaining the energy needs of organisms ranging from humans to bacteria. Due …             TRIM52 inhibits Japanese Encephalitis Virus replication by degrading the viral NS2A ▶     Wenchun Fan, Mengge Wu, Suhong Qian et al.     The members of tripartite-motif containing (TRIM) protein participate in various cellular processes and play an important role in host antiviral function. TRIM proteins exert …             Structural and histone binding ability characterization of the ARB2 domain of a histone deacetylase Hda1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Hui Shen, Yuwei Zhu, Chongyuan Wang et al.     Hda1 is the catalytic core component of the H2B- and H3- specific histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which is involved in the epigenetic repression …             Smoothing a rugged protein folding landscape by sequence-based redesign ▶     Benjamin T. Porebski, Shani Keleher, Jeffrey J. Hollins et al.     The rugged folding landscapes of functional proteins puts them at risk of misfolding and aggregation. Serine protease inhibitors, or serpins, are paradigms for this delicate …             Differential expression of miR-184 in temporal lobe epilepsy patients with and without hippocampal sclerosis – Influence on microglial function ▶     Bénédicte Danis, Marijke van Rikxoort, Anita Kretschmann et al.     Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders characterized by recurrent seizures due to neuronal hyperexcitability. Here we compared miRNA expression patterns in …             Migratory blackcaps can use their magnetic compass at 5 degrees inclination, but are completely random at 0 degrees inclination ▶     Susanne Schwarze, Friederike Steenken, Nadine Thiele et al.     It is known that night-migratory songbirds use a magnetic compass measuring the magnetic inclination angle, i.e. the angle between the Earth’s surface and the magnetic field …             Development and characterisation of highly antibiotic resistant Bartonella bacilliformis mutants ▶     Cláudia Gomes, Sandra Martínez-Puchol, Lidia Ruiz-Roldán et al.     The objective was to develop and characterise in vitro Bartonella bacilliformis antibiotic resistant mutants. Three B. bacilliformis strains were plated 35 or 40 times with …             Characterization of CD46 and β1 integrin dynamics during sperm acrosome reaction ▶     Michaela Frolikova, Natasa Sebkova, Lukas Ded et al.     The acrosome reaction (AR) is a process of membrane fusion and lytic enzyme release, which enables sperm to penetrate the egg surroundings. It is widely recognized that specific …             Enhanced cardiac TBC1D10C expression lowers heart rate and enhances exercise capacity and survival ▶     Cornelia Volland, Sebastian Bremer, Kristian Hellenkamp et al.     TBC1D10C is a protein previously demonstrated to bind and inhibit Ras and Calcineurin. In cardiomyocytes, also CaMKII is inhibited and all three targeted enzymes are known to …             Musk Kinase Activity is Modulated By A Serine Phosphorylation Site in The Kinase Loop ▶     B. Z. Camurdanoglu, C. Hrovat, G. Dürnberger et al.     The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) forms when a motor neuron contacts a muscle fibre. A reciprocal exchange of signals initiates a cascade of signalling events that result in pre- …             Parametric analysis of colony morphology of non-labelled live human pluripotent stem cells for cell quality control ▶     Ryuji Kato, Megumi Matsumoto, Hiroto Sasaki et al.     Given the difficulties inherent in maintaining human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in a healthy state, hPSCs should be routinely characterized using several established standard …             G9a inhibits MEF2C activity to control sarcomere assembly ▶     Jin Rong Ow, Monica Palanichamy Kala, Vinay Kumar Rao et al.     In this study, we demonstrate that the lysine methyltransferase G9a inhibits sarcomere organization through regulation of the MEF2C-HDAC5 regulatory axis. Sarcomeres are …             Global Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals the Involvement of Phosphorylation in Aflatoxins Biosynthesis in the Pathogenic Fungus Aspergillus flavus ▶     Silin Ren, Mingkun Yang, Yu Li et al.     Aspergillus flavus is a pathogenic fungus that produces toxic and carcinogenic aflatoxins and is the causative agent of aflatoxicosis. A growing body of evidence indicates that …             A naturally occurring bovine APOBEC3 confers resistance to bovine lentiviruses: implication for the co-evolution of bovids and their lentiviruses ▶     Eri Yamada, Rokusuke Yoshikawa, Yusuke Nakano et al.     Mammals have co-evolved with lentiviruses for a long time. As evidence, viral infectivity factor (Vif), encoded by lentiviruses, antagonizes the anti-viral action of cellular …             Exposure to Sound Vibrations Lead to Transcriptomic, Proteomic and Hormonal Changes in Arabidopsis ▶     Ritesh Ghosh, Ratnesh Chandra Mishra, Bosung Choi et al.     Sound vibration (SV) is considered as an external mechanical force that modulates plant growth and development like other mechanical stimuli (e.g., wind, rain, touch and …             Etoposide induced cytotoxicity mediated by ROS and ERK in human kidney proximal tubule cells ▶     Hyeon-Jun Shin, Hyuk-Kwon Kwon, Jae-Hyeok Lee et al.     Etoposide (ETO) is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug that inhibits topoisomerase II activity, thereby leading to genotoxicity and cytotoxicity. However, ETO has limited …             Multi-functional nano silver: A novel disruptive and theranostic agent for pathogenic organisms in real-time ▶     Ponnusamy Manogaran Gopinath, Anandan Ranjani, Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran et al.     The present study was aimed at evaluating the fluorescence property, sporicidal potency against Bacillus and Clostridium endospores, and surface disinfecting ability of biogenic …             DNA barcoding reveals that the common cupped oyster in Taiwan is the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata (Ostreoida; Ostreidae), not C. gigas ▶     Sheng-Tai Hsiao, Shin-Chang Chuang, Kao-Sung Chen et al.     The Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is one of the major aquacultural shellfish species that has been introduced to Europe and America from its native source in the West …             Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Phenylbutyrate Exaggerates Heart Failure in Pressure Overloaded Mice independently of HDAC inhibition ▶     Jing Ma, Tao Luo, Zhi Zeng et al.     4-Sodium phenylbutyrate (PBA) has been reported to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress and histone deacetylation (HDAC), both of which are novel therapeutic targets for cardiac …             Compartmentalized gene expression profiling of receptive endometrium reveals progesterone regulated ENPP3 is differentially expressed and secreted in glycosylated form ▶     Nageswara Rao Boggavarapu, Sujata Lalitkumar, Vijay Joshua et al.     The complexity of endometrial receptivity at the molecular level needs to be explored in detail to improve the management of infertility. Here, differential expression of …             Evaluating digestion efficiency in full-scale anaerobic digesters by identifying active microbial populations through the lens of microbial activity ▶     Ran Mei, Takashi Narihiro, Masaru K. Nobu et al.     Anaerobic digestion is a common technology to biologically stabilize wasted solids produced in municipal wastewater treatment. Its efficiency is usually evaluated by calculating …             Effective vitrification and warming of porcine embryos using a pH-stable, chemically defined medium ▶     Cristina Cuello, Cristina A. Martinez, Alicia Nohalez et al.     The use of pH-stable media would simplify embryo vitrification and the warming of porcine embryos and might facilitate the application of embryo transfer in practice. In this …             Gender effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms and miRNAs targeting clock-genes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients (mCRC) ▶     Carlo Garufi, Elisa Giacomini, Angela Torsello et al.     The circadian system is composed of a set of clock-genes including PERIOD, CLOCK, BMAL1 and CRY. Disrupting this system promotes cancer development and progression. The …             Myeloid Cell-Specific Lipin-1 Deficiency Stimulates Endocrine Adiponectin-FGF15 Axis and Ameliorates Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice ▶     Jiayou Wang, Chunki Kim, Alvin Jogasuria et al.     Lipin-1 is a phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP) required for the generation of diacylglycerol during glycerolipid synthesis, and exhibits dual functions in the regulation of …             Involvement of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Autophagy, and Apoptosis in Advanced Glycation End Products-Induced Glomerular Mesangial Cell Injury ▶     Chih-Kang Chiang, Ching-Chia Wang, Tien-Fong Lu et al.     Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)-induced mesangial cell death is one of major causes of glomerulus dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy. Both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) …             Endothelial Antioxidant-1: a Key Mediator of Copper-dependent Wound Healing in vivo ▶     Archita Das, Varadarajan Sudhahar, Gin-Fu Chen et al.     Copper (Cu), an essential nutrient, promotes wound healing, however, target of Cu action and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Cu chaperone Antioxidant-1 (Atox1) in the …             Simultaneous steering and imaging of magnetic particles using MRI toward delivery of therapeutics ▶     Ouajdi Felfoul, Aaron T. Becker, Georgios Fagogenis et al.     Magnetic resonance navigation (MRN) offers the potential for real-time steering of drug particles and cells to targets throughout the body. In this technique, the magnetic …             Destabilization of the IFT-B cilia core complex due to mutations in IFT81 causes a Spectrum of Short-Rib Polydactyly Syndrome ▶     Ivan Duran, S. Paige Taylor, Wenjuan Zhang et al.     Short-rib polydactyly syndromes (SRPS) and Asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy (ATD) or Jeune Syndrome are recessively inherited skeletal ciliopathies characterized by profound …             Sporicidal performance induced by photocatalytic production of organic peroxide under visible light irradiation ▶     Yuichi Yamaguchi, Takahito Shimodo, Noriyasu Chikamori et al.     Bacteria that cause serious food poisoning are known to sporulate under conditions of nutrient and water shortage. The resulting spores have much greater resistance to common …             Evaluating the performance of infectious disease forecasts: A comparison of climate-driven and seasonal dengue forecasts for Mexico ▶     Michael A. Johansson, Nicholas G. Reich, Aditi Hota et al.     Dengue viruses, which infect millions of people per year worldwide, cause large epidemics that strain healthcare systems. Despite diverse efforts to develop forecasting tools …             UGT2B28 genomic variation is associated with hepatitis B e-antigen seroconversion in response to antiviral therapy ▶     Kung-Hao Liang, Chih-Lang Lin, Chao-Wei Hsu et al.     Seroconversion of hepatitis B virus (HBV) e-antigen (HBeAg) is a critical but often-missed therapeutic goal in standard antiviral treatments. An extreme-phenotype genome-wide …             A suppressor locus for MODY3-diabetes ▶     Miguel A. Garcia-Gonzalez, Claire Carette, Alessia Bagattin et al.     Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young type 3 (MODY3), linked to mutations in the transcription factor HNF1A, is the most prevalent form of monogenic diabetes mellitus. …             Coxsackievirus A16 induced neurological disorders in young gerbils which could serve as a new animal model for vaccine evaluation ▶     Yi-Sheng Sun, Ya-jing Li, Yong Xia et al.     Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) is one of the major pathogens associated with human hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in the Asia-pacific region. Although CA16 infections are …             Identification and comparative analysis of the microRNA transcriptome in roots of two contrasting tobacco genotypes in response to cadmium stress ▶     Xiaoyan He, Weite Zheng, Fangbin Cao et al.     Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is more acclimated to cadmium (Cd) uptake and preferentially enriches Cd in leaves than other crops. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in …             Facile transformation of FeO/Fe3O4 core-shell nanocubes to Fe3O4via magnetic stimulation ▶     Aidin Lak, Dina Niculaes, George C. Anyfantis et al.     Here, we propose the use of magnetic hyperthermia as a means to trigger the oxidation of Fe1−xO/Fe3−δO4 core-shell nanocubes to Fe3−δO4 phase. As a first relevant consequence, …             Systemic blockade of ACVR2B ligands prevents chemotherapy-induced muscle wasting by restoring muscle protein synthesis without affecting oxidative capacity or atrogenes ▶     T. A. Nissinen, J. Degerman, M. Räsänen et al.     Doxorubicin is a widely used and effective chemotherapy drug. However, cardiac and skeletal muscle toxicity of doxorubicin limits its use. Inhibiting myostatin/activin signalling …             Human and mouse monocytes display distinct signalling and cytokine profiles upon stimulation with FFAR2/FFAR3 short-chain fatty acid receptor agonists ▶     Zhiwei Ang, Jun Zhi Er, Nguan Soon Tan et al.     Knockout mice studies implicate the mammalian short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) receptors, FFAR2 and FFAR3– in colitis, arthritis and asthma. However, the correlation with human …             Schizophyllum commune has an extensive and functional alternative splicing repertoire ▶     Thies Gehrmann, Jordi F. Pelkmans, Luis G. Lugones et al.     Recent genome-wide studies have demonstrated that fungi possess the machinery to alternatively splice pre-mRNA. However, there has not been a systematic categorization of the …             Zephycandidine A, the First Naturally Occurring Imidazo[1,2-f]phenanthridine Alkaloid from Zephyranthes candida, Exhibits Significant Anti-tumor and Anti-acetylcholinesterase Activities ▶     Guanqun Zhan, Xiaolan Qu, Junjun Liu et al.     Zephycandidine A (1), the first naturally occurring imidazo[1,2-f]phenanthridine alkaloid, was isolated from Zephyranthes candida (Amaryllidaceae). The structure of 1 was …             Diversity distribution patterns of Chinese endemic seed plant species and their implications for conservation planning ▶     Jihong Huang, Jianhua Huang, Xinghui Lu et al.     Endemism is an important concept in biogeography and biodiversity conservation. China is one of the richest countries in biodiversity, with very high levels of plant endemism. In …             Modulation of yeast telomerase activity by Cdc13 and Est1 in vitro ▶     Yu-Fan Chen, Chia-Ying Lu, Yi-Chien Lin et al.     Telomerase is the enzyme involved in extending telomeric DNA. Control of telomerase activity by modulating its access to chromosome ends is one of the most important fundamental …             Distal airway epithelial progenitor cells are radiosensitive to High-LET radiation ▶     Alicia M. McConnell, Bindu Konda, David G. Kirsch et al.     Exposure to high-linear energy transfer (LET) radiation occurs in a variety of situations, including charged particle radiotherapy, radiological accidents, and space travel. …             IMNGS: A comprehensive open resource of processed 16S rRNA microbial profiles for ecology and diversity studies ▶     Ilias Lagkouvardos, Divya Joseph, Martin Kapfhammer et al.     The SRA (Sequence Read Archive) serves as primary depository for massive amounts of Next Generation Sequencing data, and currently host over 100,000 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based …             Tooth wear as a means to quantify intra-specific variations in diet and chewing movements ▶     Ivan Calandra, Gaëlle Labonne, Ellen Schulz-Kornas et al.     In mammals, tooth function, and its efficiency, depends both on the mechanical properties of the food and on chewing dynamics. These aspects have rarely been studied in …             Sexually dimorphic gene expressions in eels: useful markers for early sex assessment in a conservation context ▶     Benjamin Geffroy, Florian Guilbaud, Elsa Amilhat et al.     Environmental sex determination (ESD) has been detected in a range of vertebrate reptile and fish species. Eels are characterized by an ESD that occurs relatively late, since sex …             Transmembrane Helices Tilt, Bend, Slide, Torque, and Unwind between Functional States of Rhodopsin ▶     Zhong Ren, Peter X. Ren, Rohith Balusu et al.     The seven-helical bundle of rhodopsin and other G-protein coupled receptors undergoes structural rearrangements as the transmembrane receptor protein is activated. These …             Pharmacological LRRK2 kinase inhibition induces LRRK2 protein destabilization and proteasomal degradation ▶     E. Lobbestael, L. Civiero, T. De Wit et al.     Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) kinase activity is increased in several pathogenic mutations, including the most common mutation, G2019S, and is known to play a role in …             Corrigendum: How Tissue Mechanical Properties Affect Enteric Neural Crest Cell Migration ▶     N. R. Chevalier, E. Gazquez, L. Bidault et al.                 Expression of immunoproteasome genes is regulated by cell-intrinsic and –extrinsic factors in human cancers ▶     Alexandre Rouette, Assya Trofimov, David Haberl et al.     Based on transcriptomic analyses of thousands of samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we report that expression of constitutive proteasome (CP) genes (PSMB5, PSMB6, PSMB7) and …             High Fructose Diet inducing diabetes rapidly impacts olfactory epithelium and behavior in mice ▶     Sébastien Rivière, Vanessa Soubeyre, David Jarriault et al.     Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), a major public health issue reaching worldwide epidemic, has been correlated with lower olfactory abilities in humans. As olfaction represents a major …             Erratum: Detecting a hierarchical genetic population structure via Multi-InDel markers on the X chromosome ▶     Guang Yao Fan, Yi Ye, Yi Ping Hou                 Systematical Evaluation of Mechanically Strong 3D Printed Diluted magnesium Doping Wollastonite Scaffolds on Osteogenic Capacity in Rabbit Calvarial Defects ▶     Miao Sun, An Liu, Huifeng Shao et al.     Wollastonite (CaSiO3; CSi) ceramic is a promising bioactive material for bone defect repair due to slightly fast degradation of its porous constructs in vivo. In our previous …             Characterization and Comparative Genomic Analyses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Phage PaoP5: New Members Assigned to PAK_P1-like Viruses ▶     Mengyu Shen, Shuai Le, Xiaolin Jin et al.     As a potential alternative to antibiotics, phages can be used to treat multi-drug resistant bacteria. As such, the biological characteristics of phages should be investigated to …             Interleukin-25 Induces Resistance Against Intestinal Trematodes ▶     Carla Muñoz-Antoli, Alba Cortés, Rebeca Santano et al.     Echinostoma caproni is an intestinal trematode that has been extensively used as an experimental model to investigate the factors determining the resistance to intestinal …             Predator-prey interactions in the plankton: larval fish feeding on evasive copepods ▶     James M. Jackson, Petra H. Lenz     Capture success and prey selectivity were investigated in clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris larvae using videography. Three prey types were tested using developmental stages …             Prevention of allograft rejection in heart transplantation through concurrent gene silencing of TLR and Kinase signaling pathways ▶     Hongmei Wang, Xusheng Zhang, Xiufen Zheng et al.     Toll-like receptors (TLRs) act as initiators and conductors responsible for both innate and adaptive immune responses in organ transplantation. The mammalian target of rapamycin …             Exposure to HT-2 toxin causes oxidative stress induced apoptosis/autophagy in porcine oocytes ▶     Yue Zhang, Jun Han, Cheng-Cheng Zhu et al.     T-2 toxin is a main type A trichothecene mycotoxin which is the most toxic trichothecence. T-2 toxin has posed various toxic effects on human and animals in vigorous cell …             Flavonoids are determinants of freezing tolerance and cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Elisa Schulz, Takayuki Tohge, Ellen Zuther et al.     In plants from temperate climates such as Arabidopsis thaliana low, non-freezing temperatures lead to increased freezing tolerance in a process termed cold acclimation. This …             SENP1 Is a Crucial Regulator for Cell Senescence through DeSUMOylation of Bmi1 ▶     Nansong Xia, Juan Cai, Feifei Wang et al.     Cell senescence can limit proliferative potential and prevent tumorigenesis. Bmi1 is a key regulator in cell senescence by suppressing the Ink4a/Arf locus. However, how to …             Genome-wide mapping of nucleosome positions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in response to different nitrogen conditions ▶     Peng Zhang, Guocheng Du, Huijun Zou et al.     Well-organized chromatin is involved in a number of various transcriptional regulation and gene expression. We used genome-wide mapping of nucleosomes in response to different …             Transmission of survival signals through Delta-like 1 on activated CD4+ T cells ▶     Takahiro Furukawa, Chieko Ishifune, Shin-ichi Tsukumo et al.     Notch expressed on CD4+ T cells transduces signals that mediate their effector functions and survival. Although Notch signaling is known to be cis-inhibited by Notch ligands …             CIBZ Regulates Mesodermal and Cardiac Differentiation of by Suppressing T and Mesp1 Expression in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells ▶     Tomomi Kotoku, Koji Kosaka, Miki Nishio et al.     The molecular mechanisms underlying mesodermal and cardiac specification from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are not fully understood. Here, we showed that the BTB domain-containing …             Key clinical beam parameters for nanoparticle-mediated radiation dose amplification ▶     Alexandre Detappe, Sijumon Kunjachan, Pascal Drané et al.     As nanoparticle solutions move towards human clinical trials in radiation therapy, the influence of key clinical beam parameters on therapeutic efficacy must be considered. In …             Genetic characterization of two fully sequenced multi-drug resistant plasmids pP10164-2 and pP10164-3 from Leclercia adecarboxylata ▶     Fengjun Sun, Dongsheng Zhou, Qiang Sun et al.     We previously reported the complete sequence of the resistance plasmid pP10164-NDM, harboring blaNDM (conferring carbapenem resistance) and bleMBL (conferring bleomycin …             Predicted structure of a Minus-C OBP from Batocera horsfieldi (Hope) suggests an intermediate structure in evolution of OBPs ▶     Zhi-Chuan Zheng, Dong-Zhen Li, Aiming Zhou et al.     Odorant binding proteins (OBPs) transport hydrophobic odorants from the environment to odorant receptors and play an important role in specific recognition of volatiles. Here, we …             The MADS-Box transcription factor Bcmads1 is required for growth, sclerotia production and pathogenicity of Botrytis cinerea ▶     Zhanquan Zhang, Hua Li, Guozheng Qin et al.     MADS-box transcription factors are highly conserved in eukaryotic species and involved in a variety of biological processes. Little is known, however, regarding the function of …             Helical unwinding and side-chain unlocking unravel the outward open conformation of the melibiose transporter ▶     Li-Ying Wang, Vidhya M. Ravi, Gérard Leblanc et al.     Molecular dynamics simulations have been used to study the alternate access mechanism of the melibiose transporter from Escherichia coli. Starting from the outward-facing …             Sweeter and stronger: enhancing sweetness and stability of the single chain monellin MNEI through molecular design ▶     Serena Leone, Andrea Pica, Antonello Merlino et al.     Sweet proteins are a family of proteins with no structure or sequence homology, able to elicit a sweet sensation in humans through their interaction with the dimeric T1R2-T1R3 …             The Capacity of Cognitive Control Estimated from a Perceptual Decision Making Task ▶     Tingting Wu, Alexander J. Dufford, Melissa-Ann Mackie et al.     Cognitive control refers to the processes that permit selection and prioritization of information processing in different cognitive domains to reach the capacity-limited …             Growth, productivity, and relative extinction risk of a data-sparse devil ray ▶     Sebastián A. Pardo, Holly K. Kindsvater, Elizabeth Cuevas-Zimbrón et al.     Devil rays (Mobula spp.) face intensifying fishing pressure to meet the ongoing international demand for gill plates. The paucity of information on growth, mortality, and fishing …             Behavioural and neural modulation of win-stay but not lose-shift strategies as a function of outcome value in Rock, Paper, Scissors ▶     Lewis Forder, Benjamin James Dyson     Competitive environments in which individuals compete for mutually-exclusive outcomes require rational decision making in order to maximize gains but often result in poor quality …             Flipper strokes can predict energy expenditure and locomotion costs in free-ranging northern and Antarctic fur seals ▶     Tiphaine Jeanniard-du-Dot, Andrew W. Trites, John P. Y. Arnould et al.     Flipper strokes have been proposed as proxies to estimate the energy expended by marine vertebrates while foraging at sea, but this has never been validated on free-ranging …             Identification of putative chemosensory receptor genes from yellow peach moth Conogethes punctiferalis (Guenée) antennae transcriptome ▶     Xing Ge, Tiantao Zhang, Zhenying Wang et al.     The yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis, is an extremely important polyphagous insect in Asia. The chemosensory systems of moth play an important role in detecting food, …             Stereological analyses of the whole human pancreas ▶     Ananta Poudel, Jonas L. Fowler, Mark C. Zielinski et al.     The large size of human tissues requires a practical stereological approach to perform a comprehensive analysis of the whole organ. We have developed a method to quantitatively …             In-silico insights on the prognostic potential of immune cell infiltration patterns in the breast lobular epithelium ▶     J. C. L. Alfonso, N. S. Schaadt, R. Schönmeyer et al.     Scattered inflammatory cells are commonly observed in mammary gland tissue, most likely in response to normal cell turnover by proliferation and apoptosis, or as part of …             Flyglow: Single-fly observations of simultaneous molecular and behavioural circadian oscillations in controls and an Alzheimer’s model ▶     Eleonora Khabirova, Ko-Fan Chen, John S. O’Neill et al.     Circadian rhythms are essential for health and are frequently disturbed in disease. A full understanding of the causal relationships between behavioural and molecular circadian …             A novel affinity-based method for the isolation of highly purified extracellular vesicles ▶     Wataru Nakai, Takeshi Yoshida, Diego Diez et al.     Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes and microvesicles serve as messengers of intercellular network, allowing exchange of cellular components between cells. EVs carry …             Liprin-α1 and ERC1 control cell edge dynamics by promoting focal adhesion turnover ▶     Veronica Astro, Diletta Tonoli, Sara Chiaretti et al.     Liprin-α1 and ERC1 are interacting scaffold proteins regulating the motility of normal and tumor cells. They act as part of plasma membrane-associated platforms at the edge of …             A 2D virtual reality system for visual goal-driven navigation in zebrafish larvae ▶     Adrien Jouary, Mathieu Haudrechy, Raphaël Candelier et al.     Animals continuously rely on sensory feedback to adjust motor commands. In order to study the role of visual feedback in goal-driven navigation, we developed a 2D visual virtual …             Toll-Like Receptor 9 Activation Rescues Impaired Antibody Response in Needle-free Intradermal DNA Vaccination ▶     Prabhu S. Arunachalam, Ria Mishra, Krithika Badarinath et al.     The delivery of plasmid DNA to the skin can target distinct subsets of dermal dendritic cells to confer a superior immune response. The needle-free immunization technology offers …             Genome-wide long non-coding RNA screening, identification and characterization in a model microorganism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ▶     Hui Li, Yuting Wang, Meirong Chen et al.     Microalgae are regarded as the most promising biofuel candidates and extensive metabolic engineering were conducted but very few improvements were achieved. Long non-coding RNA …             Linking in domain-swapped protein dimers ▶     Marco Baiesi, Enzo Orlandini, Antonio Trovato et al.     The presence of knots has been observed in a small fraction of single-domain proteins and related to their thermodynamic and kinetic properties. The exchanging of identical …             Decreased IL7Rα and TdT expression underlie the skewed immunoglobulin repertoire of human B-cell precursors from fetal origin ▶     Magdalena B. Rother, Kristin Jensen, Mirjam van der Burg et al.     Newborns are unable to mount antibody responses towards certain antigens. This has been related to the restricted repertoire of immunoglobulin (Ig) genes of their B cells. The …             Species specific exome probes reveal new insights in positively selected genes in nonhuman primates ▶     Zheng Su, Junjie Zhang, Chanchal Kumar et al.     Nonhuman primates (NHP) are important biomedical animal models for the study of human disease. Of these, the most widely used models in biomedical research currently are from the …             Using an Artificial Neural Bypass to Restore Cortical Control of Rhythmic Movements in a Human with Quadriplegia ▶     Gaurav Sharma, David A. Friedenberg, Nicholas Annetta et al.     Neuroprosthetic technology has been used to restore cortical control of discrete (non-rhythmic) hand movements in a paralyzed person. However, cortical control of rhythmic …             Novel and Neuroprotective Tetranortriterpenoids from Chinese Mangrove Xylocarpus granatum Koenig ▶     Zhen-Fang Zhou, Tibor Kurtán, Attila Mándi et al.     Eight new tetranortriterpenoids (1–8) were isolated from the twigs and leaves of the Chinese mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum, together with four related known ones (9–12). The …             Oligomannan Prebiotic Attenuates Immunological, Clinical and Behavioral Symptoms in Mouse Model of Inflammatory Bowel Disease ▶     Szilamér Ferenczi, Krisztián Szegi, Zsuzsanna Winkler et al.     Inflammatory bowel disease shows increasing prevalence, however its pathomechanism and treatment is not fully resolved. Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates which might …             The UPR inducer DPP23 inhibits the metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by targeting the Akt–IKK–NF-κB–MMP-9 axis ▶     Soon Young Shin, Chang Gun Kim, You Jung Jung et al.     (E)-3-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one (DPP23) is a synthetic polyphenol derivative that selectively induces apoptosis in cancer cells through the …             Identification of a novel human deoxynivalenol metabolite enhancing proliferation of intestinal and urinary bladder cells ▶     Benedikt Warth, Giorgia Del Favero, Gerlinde Wiesenberger et al.     The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is an abundant contaminant of cereal based food and a severe issue for global food safety. We report the discovery of DON-3-sulfate as a novel …             New insights into the Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome-related haematological disorder: hyper-activation of mTOR and STAT3 in leukocytes ▶     Valentino Bezzerri, Antonio Vella, Elisa Calcaterra et al.     Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is an inherited disease caused by mutations of a gene encoding for SBDS protein. So far little is known about SBDS exact function. SDS patients …             Gut microbiota Modulated by Probiotics and Garcinia cambogia Extract Correlate with Weight Gain and Adipocyte Sizes in High Fat-Fed Mice ▶     Jaeyoung Heo, Minseok Seo, Hwanhee Park et al.     Results of recent studies on gut microbiota have suggested that obesogenic bacteria exacerbate obesity and metabolic dysfunction in the host when fed a high fat diet (HFD). In …             Growth and development of Arabidopsis thaliana under single-wavelength red and blue laser light ▶     Amanda Ooi, Aloysius Wong, Tien Khee Ng et al.     Indoor horticulture offers a sensible solution for sustainable food production and is becoming increasingly widespread. However, it incurs high energy and cost due to the use of …             Methylation of SFRP2 gene as a promising noninvasive biomarker using feces in colorectal cancer diagnosis: a systematic meta-analysis ▶     Qihua Yang, Tao Huang, Guoliang Ye et al.     Methylation of secreted frizzled-related protein genes (SFRP) associated with the Wnt signaling pathway has previously been reported. However, the diagnostic role of SFRP …             Protein Kinase D2 Protects against Acute Colitis Induced by Dextran Sulfate Sodium in Mice ▶     Jing Xiong, Ming-feng Zhou, Ya-dong Wang et al.     Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by dysregulation of the mucosal immune system resulting from impaired intestinal epithelial barrier function. Protein kinase D2 has …             Elemental characterisation of melanin in feathers via synchrotron X-ray imaging and absorption spectroscopy ▶     Nicholas P. Edwards, Arjen van Veelen, Jennifer Anné et al.     Melanin is a critical component of biological systems, but the exact chemistry of melanin is still imprecisely known. This is partly due to melanin’s complex heterogeneous nature …             The Healthy Infant Nasal Transcriptome: A Benchmark Study ▶     Chin-Yi Chu, Xing Qiu, Lu Wang et al.     Responses by resident cells are likely to play a key role in determining the severity of respiratory disease. However, sampling of the airways poses a significant challenge, …             Altered Biomarkers in Trophoblast Cells Obtained Noninvasively Prior to Clinical Manifestation of Perinatal Disease ▶     Jay M. Bolnick, Hamid-Reza Kohan-Ghadr, Rani Fritz et al.     A contributing factor to poor placental perfusion, leading to intrauterine growth restriction and preeclampsia, is the failure of invading extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells to …             Female Adult Aedes albopictus Suppression by Wolbachia-Infected Male Mosquitoes ▶     James W. Mains, Corey L. Brelsfoard, Robert I. Rose et al.     Dengue, chikungunya and zika viruses are pathogens with an increasing global impact. In the absence of an approved vaccine or therapy, their management relies on controlling the …             Region-specific growth restriction of brain following preterm birth ▶     Sachiko Iwata, Reiji Katayama, Masahiro Kinoshita et al.     Regional brain sizes of very-preterm infants at term-equivalent age differ from those of term-born peers, which have been linked with later cognitive impairments. However, …             Mitigation of indomethacin-induced gastrointestinal damages in fat-1 transgenic mice via gate-keeper action of ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids ▶     Young-Min Han, Jong-Min Park, Jing X. Kang et al.     Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) damage the gastrointestinal (GI) epithelial cell membranes by inducing several signals through lipid raft organization after …             Transcranial focused ultrasound stimulation of human primary visual cortex ▶     Wonhye Lee, Hyun-Chul Kim, Yujin Jung et al.     Transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) is making progress as a new non-invasive mode of regional brain stimulation. Current evidence of FUS-mediated neurostimulation for humans …             The brain, obesity and addiction: an EEG neuroimaging study ▶     Dirk De Ridder, Patrick Manning, Sook Ling Leong et al.     Obesity is among the greatest challenges facing healthcare systems with 20% of the world’s population afflicted. Great controversy exists whether obesity can be regarded as an …             Cyclooxygenase-2 induced β1-integrin expression in NSCLC and promoted cell invasion via the EP1/MAPK/E2F-1/FoxC2 signal pathway ▶     Jinshun Pan, Qinyi Yang, Jiaofang Shao et al.     Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) has been implicated in cell invasion in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the mechanism is unclear. The present study investigated the effect …             Corrigendum: Paired arrangement of kinetochores together with microtubule pivoting and dynamics drive kinetochore capture in meiosis I ▶     Gheorghe Cojoc, Ana-Maria Florescu, Alexander Krull et al.                 Corrigendum: Mammalian Mon2/Ysl2 regulates endosome-to-Golgi trafficking but possesses no guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward Arl1 GTPase ▶     Divyanshu Mahajan, Boon Kim Boh, Yan Zhou et al.                 Multiple introductions and onward transmission of non-pandemic HIV-1 subtype B strains in North America and Europe. ▶     Marina Cabello, Hector Romero, Gonzalo Bello     Most HIV-1 subtype B infections in North America and Europe seem to have resulted from the expansion of a single pandemic lineage (BPANDEMIC) disseminated from the United States (…             Three-dimensional Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound in Response Assessment for Breast Cancer: A Comparison with Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Pathology ▶     Wan-Ru Jia, Lei Tang, Deng-Bin Wang et al.     To compare the capabilities of three-dimensional contrast enhanced ultrasound (3D-CEUS) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE-MRI) in predicting the response to …             Pharmacological inhibitors of TRPV4 channels reduce cytokine production, restore endothelial function and increase survival in septic mice ▶     Thomas Dalsgaard, Swapnil K. Sonkusare, Cory Teuscher et al.     Sepsis is characterized by systemic inflammation, edema formation and hypo-perfusion leading to organ dysfunction and ultimately death. Activation of the transient receptor …             Generation of biallelic knock-out sheep via gene-editing and somatic cell nuclear transfer ▶     Honghui Li, Gui Wang, Zhiqiang Hao et al.     Transgenic sheep can be used to achieve genetic improvements in breeds and as an important large-animal model for biomedical research. In this study, we generated a TALEN plasmid …             Genome-wide analysis of Dof transcription factors reveals functional characteristics during development and response to biotic stresses in pepper ▶     Won-Hee Kang, Seungill Kim, Hyun-Ah Lee et al.     The DNA-binding with one zinc finger proteins (Dofs) are a plant-specific family of transcription factors. The Dofs are involved in a variety of biological processes such as …             Utilization of paramagnetic relaxation enhancements for structural analysis of actin-binding proteins in complex with actin ▶     Shuxian Huang, Ryo Umemoto, Yuki Tamura et al.     Actin cytoskeleton dynamics are controlled by various actin binding proteins (ABPs) that modulate the polymerization of the monomeric G-actin and the depolymerization of …             A conjugate of methotrexate and an analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone shows increased efficacy against prostate cancer ▶     Shengsheng Zhu, Qinxia Wang, Juan Jiang et al.     LHRH receptor, is over-expressed in a variety of human tumors and, is a potential binding site for targeted metastatic prostate cancer therapy. The objectives of our study were …             SmedOB1 is Required for Planarian Homeostasis and Regeneration ▶     Shanshan Yin, Yan Huang, Yingnan Zhangfang et al.     The planarian flatworm is an emerging model that is useful for studying homeostasis and regeneration due to its unique adult stem cells (ASCs). Previously, planaria were found to …             Structure and catalytic mechanism of monodehydroascorbate reductase, MDHAR, from Oryza sativa L. japonica ▶     Ae Kyung Park, Il-Sup Kim, Hackwon Do et al.     Ascorbic acid (AsA) maintains redox homeostasis by scavenging reactive oxygen species from prokaryotes to eukaryotes, especially plants. The enzyme monodehydroascorbate reductase …             Corrigendum: Screening for protein-protein interactions using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) ▶     Anca Margineanu, Jia Jia Chan, Douglas J. Kelly et al.                 Comparing nodal versus bony metastatic spread using tumour phylogenies ▶     Stefano Mangiola, Matthew K. H. Hong, Marek Cmero et al.     The role of lymph node metastases in distant prostate cancer dissemination and lethality is ill defined. Patients with metastases restricted to lymph nodes have a better …             Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells seeded on cartilaginous endplates promote Intervertebral Disc Regeneration through Extracellular Matrix Remodeling ▶     Catarina Leite Pereira, Graciosa Q. Teixeira, Cláudia Ribeiro-Machado et al.     Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is characterized by significant biochemical and histomorphological alterations, such as loss of extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity, by …             The nuclear genome of Rhazya stricta and the evolution of alkaloid diversity in a medically relevant clade of Apocynaceae ▶     Jamal S. M. Sabir, Robert K. Jansen, Dhivya Arasappan et al.     Alkaloid accumulation in plants is activated in response to stress, is limited in distribution and specific alkaloid repertoires are variable across taxa. Rauvolfioideae …             IL-22 is rapidly induced by Pathogen Recognition Receptors Stimulation in Bone-Marrow-derived Dendritic Cells in the Absence of IL-23 ▶     Silvia Fumagalli, Anna Torri, Angela Papagna et al.     In vertebrates, microorganisms are recognized by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs). Exposure of immune cells to the ligands of these receptors activates intracellular …             Energy crisis precedes global metabolic failure in a novel Caenorhabditis elegans Alzheimer Disease model ▶     Sheng Fong, Emelyne Teo, Li Fang Ng et al.     Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ), predominantly the Aβ1–42 form, in the brain. Mitochondrial …             Dysregulated JAK2 expression by TrkC promotes metastasis potential, and EMT program of metastatic breast cancer ▶     Min Soo Kim, Joon Jeong, Jeongbeob Seo et al.     Metastatic breast cancers are aggressive tumors associated with high levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, activation of IL6/JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT pathways …             UbC-StarTrack, a clonal method to target the entire progeny of individual progenitors ▶     María Figueres-Oñate, Jorge García-Marqués, Laura López-Mascaraque     Clonal cell analysis defines the potential of single cells and the diversity they can produce. To achieve this, we have developed a novel adaptation of the genetic tracing …             Identification of miRNAs and their targets in wild tomato at moderately and acutely elevated temperatures by high-throughput sequencing and degradome analysis ▶     Rong Zhou, Qian Wang, Fangling Jiang et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 19–24 nucleotide (nt) noncoding RNAs that play important roles in abiotic stress responses in plants. High temperatures have been the subject of …             Analysis of Sogatella furcifera proteome that interact with P10 protein of Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus ▶     Win Than, Faliang Qin, Wenwen Liu et al.     Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) is transmitted efficiently only by white-backed planthopper (WBPH, Sogatella furcifera) in a persistent propagative manner. Here …             Plasmodium falciparum proteins involved in cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes to chemokine CX3CL1 ▶     Patricia Hermand, Liliane Cicéron, Cédric Pionneau et al.     Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is associated with cytoadherence of infected red blood cells (iRBC) to endothelial cells. Numerous host molecules have been involved in …             Identification of hepta-histidine as a candidate drug for Huntington’s disease by in silico-in vitro- in vivo-integrated screens of chemical libraries ▶     Tomomi Imamura, Kyota Fujita, Kazuhiko Tagawa et al.     We identified drug seeds for treating Huntington’s disease (HD) by combining in vitro single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, in silico molecular docking simulations, and in …             Spatial Distribution of the Cannabinoid Type 1 and Capsaicin Receptors May Contribute to the Complexity of Their Crosstalk ▶     Jie Chen, Angelika Varga, Srikumaran Selvarajah et al.     The cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptor and the capsaicin receptor (TRPV1) exhibit co-expression and complex, but largely unknown, functional interactions in a sub-population of …             Removal of proprioception by BCI raises a stronger body ownership illusion in control of a humanlike robot ▶     Maryam Alimardani, Shuichi Nishio, Hiroshi Ishiguro     Body ownership illusions provide evidence that our sense of self is not coherent and can be extended to non-body objects. Studying about these illusions gives us practical tools …             Complete mitochondrial genomes of Trisidos kiyoni and Potiarca pilula: Varied mitochondrial genome size and highly rearranged gene order in Arcidae ▶     Shao’e Sun, Qi Li, Lingfeng Kong et al.     We present the complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of Trisidos kiyoni and Potiarca pilula, both important species from the family Arcidae (Arcoida: Arcacea). Typical …             Quantifying overlap between the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and predicted bluefin tuna spawning habitat in the Gulf of Mexico ▶     Elliott L. Hazen, Aaron B. Carlisle, Steven G. Wilson et al.     Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) are distributed throughout the North Atlantic and are both economically valuable and heavily exploited. The fishery is currently managed …             Identification of gefitinib off-targets using a structure-based systems biology approach; their validation with reverse docking and retrospective data mining ▶     Nidhi Verma, Amit Kumar Rai, Vibha Kaushik et al.     Gefitinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is used as FDA approved drug in breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer treatment. However, this drug has certain side effects …             Contrasting diets reveal metabolic plasticity in the tree-killing beetle, Anoplophora glabripennis (Cerambycidae: Lamiinae) ▶     Charles J. Mason, Erin D. Scully, Scott M. Geib et al.     Wood-feeding insects encounter challenging diets containing low protein quantities, recalcitrant carbohydrate sources, and plant defensive compounds. The Asian longhorned beetle (…             24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol protects the ex vivo rat retina from injury by elevated hydrostatic pressure ▶     Makoto Ishikawa, Takeshi Yoshitomi, Charles F. Zorumski et al.     In the central nervous system, 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol (24(S)-HC) is an oxysterol synthesized from cholesterol by cholesterol 24-hydroxylase (CYP46A1) encoded by the cyp46a1 …             Intein mediated hyper-production of authentic human basic fibroblast growth factor in Escherichia coli ▶     Keith W. Y. Kwong, T. Sivakumar, W. K. R. Wong     Human basic fibroblast growth factor is a functionally versatile but very expensive polypeptide. In this communication, employing a novel amplification method for the target gene …             Effect of Intermittent versus Chronic Calorie Restriction on Tumor Incidence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Animal Studies ▶     Yalan Chen, Lifeng Ling, Guanglei Su et al.     Both chronic calorie restriction (CCR) and intermittent calorie restriction (ICR) have shown anticancer effects. However, the direct evidence comparing ICR to CCR with respect to …             Metabolic and Dynamic Profiling for Risk Assessment of Fluopyram, a Typical Phenylamide Fungicide Widely Applied in Vegetable Ecosystem ▶     Peng Wei, Yanan Liu, Wenzhuo Li et al.     Fluopyram, a typical phenylamide fungicide, was widely applied to protect fruit vegetables from fungal pathogens-responsible yield loss. Highly linked to the ecological and …             Systematic analysis of genetic variants in Han Chinese patients with sporadic Parkinson’s disease ▶     Lamei Yuan, Zhi Song, Xiong Deng et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Accumulated evidence confirms that genetic factors play a considerable role in PD pathogenesis. To …             Curli mediate bacterial adhesion to fibronectin via tensile multiple bonds ▶     Yoo Jin Oh, Michael Hubauer-Brenner, Hermann J. Gruber et al.     Many enteric bacteria including pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains produce curli fibers that bind to host surfaces, leading to bacterial internalization into host …             NOR-1/NR4A3 regulates the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (cIAP2) in vascular cells: role in the survival response to hypoxic stress ▶     Judith Alonso, María Galán, Ingrid Martí-Pàmies et al.     Vascular cell survival is compromised under pathological conditions such as abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). We have previously shown that the nuclear receptor NOR-1 is involved …             Mitochondrial pathogenic mechanism and degradation in optineurin E50K mutation-mediated retinal ganglion cell degeneration ▶     Myoung Sup Shim, Yuji Takihara, Keun-Young Kim et al.     Mutations in optineurin (OPTN) are linked to the pathology of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Emerging evidence indicates that OPTN mutation …             Influenza A Virus Polymerase Recruits the RNA Helicase DDX19 to Promote the Nuclear Export of Viral mRNAs ▶     Cédric Diot, Guillaume Fournier, Mélanie Dos Santos et al.     Enhancing the knowledge of host factors that are required for efficient influenza A virus (IAV) replication is essential to address questions related to pathogenicity and to …             Dopaminergic Receptors on CD4+ T Naive and Memory Lymphocytes Correlate with Motor Impairment in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Natasa Kustrimovic, Emanuela Rasini, Massimiliano Legnaro et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta, α-synuclein (α-syn)-rich intraneuronal inclusions (Lewy bodies), and …             High throughput sequencing analysis of RNA libraries reveals the influences of initial library and PCR methods on SELEX efficiency ▶     Mayumi Takahashi, Xiwei Wu, Michelle Ho et al.     The systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) technique is a powerful and effective aptamer-selection procedure. However, modifications to the process can …             Retinal expression of small non-coding RNAs in a murine model of proliferative retinopathy ▶     Chi-Hsiu Liu, Zhongxiao Wang, Ye Sun et al.     Ocular neovascularization is a leading cause of blindness in proliferative retinopathy. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) play critical roles in both vascular and neuronal …             Associations between metabolic syndrome and clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia in a northern urban Han Chinese population: A prospective cohort study ▶     Si-Cong Zhao, Ming Xia, Jian-Chun Tang et al.     Biologic rationales exist for the associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). However, epidemiologic studies have yield inconsistent …             Preferential uptake of antioxidant carbon nanoparticles by T lymphocytes for immunomodulation ▶     Redwan Huq, Errol L. G. Samuel, William K. A. Sikkema et al.     Autoimmune diseases mediated by a type of white blood cell—T lymphocytes—are currently treated using mainly broad-spectrum immunosuppressants that can lead to adverse side …             The origin of neutron biological effectiveness as a function of energy ▶     G. Baiocco, S. Barbieri, G. Babini et al.     The understanding of the impact of radiation quality in early and late responses of biological targets to ionizing radiation exposure necessarily grounds on the results of …             Mislocalisation of BEST1 in iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells from a family with autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC) ▶     David A. Carter, Matthew J. K. Smart, William V. G. Letton et al.     Autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC) is a rare, early-onset retinal dystrophy characterised by distinct bands of circumferential pigmentary degeneration in the …             Neuronal networks provide rapid neuroprotection against spreading toxicity ▶     Andrew J. Samson, Graham Robertson, Michele Zagnoni et al.     Acute secondary neuronal cell death, as seen in neurodegenerative disease, cerebral ischemia (stroke) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), drives spreading neurotoxicity into …             Erratum: Inhibition of DNA Methyltransferases Blocks Mutant Huntingtin-Induced Neurotoxicity ▶     Yanchun Pan, Takuji Daito, Yo Sasaki et al.                 Helitron-like transposons contributed to the mating system transition from out-crossing to self-fertilizing in polyploid Brassica napus L. ▶     Changbin Gao, Guilong Zhou, Chaozhi Ma et al.     The mating system transition in polyploid Brassica napus (AACC) from out-crossing to selfing is a typical trait to differentiate it from their diploid progenitors. Elucidating …             Quantitative Analysis of the Microtubule Interaction of Rabies Virus P3 Protein: Roles in Immune Evasion and Pathogenesis ▶     Aaron Brice, Donna R. Whelan, Naoto Ito et al.     Although microtubules (MTs) are known to have important roles in intracellular transport of many viruses, a number of reports suggest that specific viral MT-associated proteins …             Fibrils of Truncated Pyroglutamyl-Modified Aβ Peptide Exhibit a Similar Structure as Wildtype Mature Aβ Fibrils ▶     Holger A. Scheidt, Juliane Adler, Martin Krueger et al.     Fibrillation of differently modified amyloid β peptides and deposition as senile plaques are hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease. N-terminally truncated variants, where the …             Molecular imaging of brain localization of liposomes in mice using MALDI mass spectrometry ▶     Annabelle Fülöp, Denis A. Sammour, Katrin Erich et al.     Phospholipids have excellent biocompatibility and are therefore often used as main components of liposomal drug carriers. In traditional bioanalytics, the in-vivo distribution of …             Resilience of bacterial quorum sensing against fluid flow ▶     Philippe Emge, Jens Moeller, Hongchul Jang et al.     Quorum sensing (QS) is a population-density dependent chemical process that enables bacteria to communicate based on the production, secretion and sensing of small inducer …             Investigation of SP94 Peptide as a Specific Probe for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Imaging and Therapy ▶     Yanli Li, Yan Hu, Jie Xiao et al.     SP94 (SFSIIHTPILPL), a novel peptide, has shown specific binding to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. We aimed to investigate the capability of SP94 as a targeting probe for …             Erratum: The anti-inflammatory properties of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad essential oil attenuate the effects of traumatic brain injuries in rats ▶     Elham Abbasloo, Fatemeh Dehghan, Mohammad Khaksari et al.                 Quinone derivatives isolated from the endolichenic fungus Phialocephala fortinii are Mdr1 modulators that combat azole resistance in Candida albicans ▶     Fei Xie, Wenqiang Chang, Ming Zhang et al.     One of the main azole-resistance mechanisms in Candida pathogens is the upregulation of drug efflux pumps, which compromises the efficacy of azoles and results in treatment …             Transcriptome meta-analysis reveals a dysregulation in extra cellular matrix and cell junction associated gene signatures during Dengue virus infection ▶     Sumbul Afroz, Jeevan Giddaluru, Mohd. Manzar Abbas et al.     Dengue Viruses (DENVs) cause one of the most prevalent arthropod-borne viral diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. Identification of genes involved in DENV …             The PRKD1 promoter is a target of the KRas-NF-κB pathway in pancreatic cancer ▶     Heike Döppler, Richard Panayiotou, Elizabeth M. Reid et al.     Increased expression of PRKD1 and its gene product protein kinase D1 (PKD1) are linked to oncogenic signaling in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but a direct functional …             Terrestrial mountain islands and Pleistocene climate fluctuations as motors for speciation: A case study on the genus Pseudovelia (Hemiptera: Veliidae) ▶     Zhen Ye, Pingping Chen, Wenjun Bu     This study investigated the influences of geographic isolation and climate fluctuation on the genetic diversity, speciation, and biogeography of the genus Pseudovelia (Hemiptera: …             Erratum: Interaction of single and multi wall carbon nanotubes with the biological systems: tau protein and PC12 cells as targets ▶     Hojjat Alizadeh Zeinabad, Alireza Zarrabian, Ali Akbar Saboury et al.                 Disrupted brain metabolic connectivity in a 6-OHDA-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease examined using persistent homology-based analysis ▶     Hyung-Jun Im, Jarang Hahm, Hyejin Kang et al.     Movement impairments in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the consequent disruption of connectivity in the …             Rigidity of silicone substrates controls cell spreading and stem cell differentiation ▶     Grigory Vertelov, Edgar Gutierrez, Sin-Ae Lee et al.     The dependences of spreading and differentiation of stem cells plated on hydrogel and silicone gel substrates on the rigidity and porosity of the substrates have recently been a …             Comprehensive Modeling and Discovery of Mebendazole as a Novel TRAF2- and NCK-interacting Kinase Inhibitor ▶     Zhi Tan, Lu Chen, Shuxing Zhang     TRAF2- and NCK-interacting kinase (TNIK) represents one of the crucial targets for Wnt-activated colorectal cancer. In this study, we curated two datasets and conducted a …             Neural substrates underlying delusions in schizophrenia ▶     Jiajia Zhu, Chuanjun Zhuo, Feng Liu et al.     Delusions are cardinal positive symptoms in schizophrenia; however, the neural substrates of delusions remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the neural correlates …             Fluorescent protein-scorpion toxin chimera is a convenient molecular tool for studies of potassium channels ▶     Alexey I. Kuzmenkov, Oksana V. Nekrasova, Kseniya S. Kudryashova et al.     Ion channels play a central role in a host of physiological and pathological processes and are the second largest target for existing drugs. There is an increasing need for …             Numerosity perception after size adaptation ▶     Eckart Zimmermann, Gereon R. Fink     While some researchers propose the existence of a special numerosity sense, others challenge this view and argue that numerosity is derived from low-level features as density …             Engineering new balancer chromosomes in C. elegans via CRISPR/Cas9 ▶     Satoru Iwata, Sawako Yoshina, Yuji Suehiro et al.     Balancer chromosomes are convenient tools used to maintain lethal mutations in heterozygotes. We established a method for engineering new balancers in C. elegans by using the …             Nuclear actin modulates cell motility via transcriptional regulation of adhesive and cytoskeletal genes ▶     Amir S. Sharili, Fiona N. Kenny, Maria K. Vartiainen et al.     The actin cytoskeleton is a classic biomechanical mediator of cell migration. While it is known that actin also shuttles in and out of the nucleus, its functions within this …             G-quadruplex aptamer targeting Protein A and its capability to detect Staphylococcus aureus demonstrated by ELONA ▶     Regina Stoltenburg, Petra Krafčiková, Viktor Víglaský et al.     Aptamers for whole cell detection are selected mostly by the Cell-SELEX procedure. Alternatively, the use of specific cell surface epitopes as target during aptamer selections …             Somatically expressed germ-granule components, PGL-1 and PGL-3, repress programmed cell death in C. elegans ▶     Mohammad Al-Amin, Hyemin Min, Yhong-Hee Shim et al.     We previously reported that germline apoptosis in C. elegans increased by loss of PGL-1 and PGL-3, members of a family of constitutive germ-granule components, from germ cells in …             Genome-wide In Silico Analysis, Characterization and Identification of Microsatellites in Spodoptera littoralis Multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) ▶     Mohamed A. M. Atia, Gamal H. Osman, Wael H. Elmenofy     In this study, we undertook a survey to analyze the distribution and frequency of microsatellites or Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) in Spodoptera littoralis multiple …             Corrigendum: Metabolic rates of giant pandas inform conservation strategies ▶     Yuxiang Fei, Rong Hou, James R. Spotila et al.                 Vascular cambium regeneration and vessel formation in wounded inflorescence stems of Arabidopsis ▶     Ewa Mazur, Eva Benková, Jiří Friml     Synchronized tissue polarization during regeneration or de novo vascular tissue formation is a plant-specific example of intercellular communication and coordinated development. …             Circadian dynamics in measures of cortical excitation and inhibition balance ▶     Sarah L. Chellappa, Giulia Gaggioni, Julien Q. M. Ly et al.     Several neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders have recently been characterized as dysfunctions arising from a ‘final common pathway’ of imbalanced excitation to inhibition …             Dampening Spontaneous Activity Improves the Light Sensitivity and Spatial Acuity of Optogenetic Retinal Prosthetic Responses ▶     John Martin Barrett, Gerrit Hilgen, Evelyne Sernagor     Retinitis pigmentosa is a progressive retinal dystrophy that causes irreversible visual impairment and blindness. Retinal prostheses currently represent the only clinically …             MBD3 expression and DNA binding patterns are altered in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy ▶     Joanna Bednarczyk, Konrad J. Dębski, Anna M. Bot et al.     The aim of the present study was to examine involvement of MBD3 (methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 3), a protein involved in reading DNA methylation patterns, in epileptogenesis …             Population genomics of C. melanopterus using target gene capture data: demographic inferences and conservation perspectives ▶     Pierpaolo Maisano Delser, Shannon Corrigan, Matthew Hale et al.     Population genetics studies on non-model organisms typically involve sampling few markers from multiple individuals. Next-generation sequencing approaches open up the possibility …             Wild chimpanzees modify modality of gestures according to the strength of social bonds and personal network size ▶     Anna Ilona Roberts, Sam George Bradley Roberts     Primates form strong and enduring social bonds with others and these bonds have important fitness consequences. However, how different types of communication are associated with …             The interplay between neuronal activity and actin dynamics mimic the setting of an LTD synaptic tag ▶     Eszter C. Szabó, Rita Manguinhas, Rosalina Fonseca     Persistent forms of plasticity, such as long-term depression (LTD), are dependent on the interplay between activity-dependent synaptic tags and the capture of plasticity-related …             Polyamines release the let-7b-mediated suppression of initiation codon recognition during the protein synthesis of EXT2 ▶     Masataka Imamura, Kyohei Higashi, Katsutoshi Yamaguchi et al.     Proteoglycans (PGs), a family of glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-protein glycoconjugates, contribute to animal physiology through interactions between their glycan chains and growth …             Cholesterol Alters the Dynamics of Release in Protein Independent Cell Models for Exocytosis ▶     Neda Najafinobar, Lisa J. Mellander, Michael E. Kurczy et al.     Neurons communicate via an essential process called exocytosis. Cholesterol, an abundant lipid in both secretory vesicles and cell plasma membrane can affect this process. In …             Trauma-specific Grey Matter Alterations in PTSD ▶     Linghui Meng, Jing Jiang, Changfeng Jin et al.     Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caused by different types of trauma may show divergence in epidemiology, clinical …             Construction of a Corneal Stromal Equivalent with SMILE-Derived Lenticules and Fibrin Glue ▶     Houfa Yin, Peijin Qiu, Fang Wu et al.     The scarcity of corneal tissue to treat deep corneal defects and corneal perforations remains a challenge. Currently, small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE)-derived …             Photobiomodulation (blue and green light) encourages osteoblastic-differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells: role of intracellular calcium and light-gated ion channels ▶     Yuguang Wang, Ying-Ying Huang, Yong Wang et al.     Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) have the potential to differentiate into several different cell types including osteoblasts. Photobiomodulation (PBM) or low level laser …             During acute experimental infection with the reticulotropic Trypanosoma cruzi strain Tulahuen IL-22 is induced IL-23-dependently but is dispensable for protection ▶     Hanna Erdmann, Jochen Behrends, Christoph Hölscher     Protective immunity against Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, depends on the activation of macrophages by IFN-γ and IL-17A. In contrast, IL-10 prevents …             Driving forces of soil bacterial community structure, diversity, and function in temperate grasslands and forests ▶     Kristin Kaiser, Bernd Wemheuer, Vera Korolkow et al.     Soil bacteria provide a large range of ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling. Despite their important role in soil systems, compositional and functional responses of …             Atmospheric transformation of plant volatiles disrupts host plant finding ▶     Tao Li, James D. Blande, Jarmo K. Holopainen     Plant-emitted volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play important roles in plant-insect interactions. Atmospheric pollutants such as ozone (O3) can react with VOCs and affect the …             Biochemical and genome sequence analyses of Megasphaera sp. strain DISK18 from dental plaque of a healthy individual reveals commensal lifestyle ▶     Nayudu Nallabelli, Prashant P. Patil, Vijay Kumar Pal et al.     Much of the work in periodontal microbiology in recent years has focused on identifying and understanding periodontal pathogens. As the majority of oral microbes have not yet …             Neprilysin is a Mediator of Alternative Renin-Angiotensin-System Activation in the Murine and Human Kidney ▶     Oliver Domenig, Arndt Manzel, Nadja Grobe et al.     Cardiovascular and renal pathologies are frequently associated with an activated renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) and increased levels of its main effector and vasoconstrictor …             IL-18BP is decreased in osteoporotic women: Prevents Inflammasome mediated IL-18 activation and reduces Th17 differentiation ▶     Mohd Nizam Mansoori, Priyanka Shukla, Manisha Kakaji et al.     IL-18BP is a natural antagonist of pro-inflammatory IL-18 cytokine linked to autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis. However, its role in post menopausal osteoporosis is …             Discovery, screening and evaluation of a plasma biomarker panel for subjects with psychological suboptimal health state using 1H-NMR-based metabolomics profiles ▶     Jun-sheng Tian, Xiao-tao Xia, Yan-fei Wu et al.     Individuals in the state of psychological suboptimal health keep increasing, only scales and questionnaires were used to diagnose in clinic under current conditions, and symptoms …             Differential human urinary lipid profiles using various lipid-extraction protocols: MALDI-TOF and LIFT-TOF/TOF analyses ▶     Phornpimon Tipthara, Visith Thongboonkerd     Changes in lipid levels/profiles can reflect health status and diseases. Urinary lipidomics, thus, has a great potential in clinical diagnostics/prognostics. Previously, only …             Structural studies of the yeast DNA damage-inducible protein Ddi1 reveal domain architecture of this eukaryotic protein family ▶     Jean-François Trempe, Klára Grantz Šašková, Monika Sivá et al.     The eukaryotic Ddi1 family is defined by a conserved retroviral aspartyl protease-like (RVP) domain found in association with a ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain. Ddi1 from …             Transcriptome analysis of periodontitis-associated fibroblasts by CAGE sequencing identified DLX5 and RUNX2 long variant as novel regulators involved in periodontitis ▶     Masafumi Horie, Yoko Yamaguchi, Akira Saito et al.     Periodontitis is affecting over half of the adult population, and represents a major public health problem. Previously, we isolated a subset of gingival fibroblasts (GFs) from …             Structural basis for disruption of claudin assembly in tight junctions by an enterotoxin ▶     Takehiro Shinoda, Naoko Shinya, Kaori Ito et al.     The food-poisoning bacterium Clostridium perfringens produces an enterotoxin (~35 kDa) that specifically targets human claudin-4, among the 26 human claudin proteins, and causes …             Transcriptomic comparison between Brassica oleracea and rice (Oryza sativa) reveals diverse modulations on cell death in response to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ▶     Jiaqin Mei, Yijuan Ding, Yuehua Li et al.     Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating disease of Brassica crops, but not in rice. The leaves of a rice line, a partial resistant (R) and a …             Fully Automatic System for Accurate Localisation and Analysis of Cephalometric Landmarks in Lateral Cephalograms ▶     Claudia Lindner, Ching-Wei Wang, Cheng-Ta Huang et al.     Cephalometric tracing is a standard analysis tool for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a fully automatic landmark …             Enhanced release of primary signals may render intercellular signalling ineffective due to spatial aspects ▶     Pavel Kundrát, Werner Friedland     Detailed mechanistic modelling has been performed of the intercellular signalling cascade between precancerous cells and their normal neighbours that leads to a selective removal …             A Hardy Plant Facilitates Nitrogen Removal via Microbial Communities in Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands in Winter ▶     Penghe Wang, Hui Zhang, Jie Zuo et al.     The plants effect in subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSF-CWs) is controversial, especially at low temperatures. Consequently, several SSF-CWs planted with Iris pseudacorus …             Genetic Characterization of Plasmodium Putative Pantothenate Kinase Genes Reveals Their Essential Role in Malaria Parasite Transmission to the Mosquito ▶     Robert J. Hart, Emmanuel Cornillot, Amanah Abraham et al.     The metabolic machinery for the biosynthesis of Coenzyme A (CoA) from exogenous pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) has long been considered as an excellent target for the development …             Antiviral activities of peptide-based covalent inhibitors of the Enterovirus 71 3C protease ▶     Yong Wah Tan, Melgious Jin Yan Ang, Qiu Ying Lau et al.     Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease is a highly contagious disease caused by a range of human enteroviruses. Outbreaks occur regularly, especially in the Asia-Pacific region, putting a …             SlARF2a plays a negative role in mediating axillary shoot formation ▶     Tao Xu, Xin Liu, Rong Wang et al.     SlARF2a is expressed in most plant organs, including roots, leaves, flowers and fruits. A detailed expression study revealed that SlARF2a is mainly expressed in the leaf nodes …             Identification of antisense long noncoding RNAs that function as SINEUPs in human cells ▶     Aleks Schein, Silvia Zucchelli, Sakari Kauppinen et al.     Mammalian genomes encode numerous natural antisense long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that regulate gene expression. Recently, an antisense lncRNA to mouse Ubiquitin …             Origin of the plant Tm-1-like gene via two independent horizontal transfer events and one gene fusion event ▶     Zefeng Yang, Li Liu, Huimin Fang et al.     The Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) resistance gene Tm-1 encodes a direct inhibitor of ToMV RNA replication to protect tomato from infection. The plant Tm-1-like (Tm-1L) protein is …             Polycomb repressive complex 2 facilitates the nuclear export of the influenza viral genome through the interaction with M1 ▶     Masamitsu N. Asaka, Atsushi Kawaguchi, Yuri Sakai et al.     The organization of nuclear domains is crucial for biological events including virus infection. Newly synthesized influenza viral genome forms viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) …             Multi-Phenotypic subtyping of circulating tumor cells using sequential fluorescent quenching and restaining ▶     Daniel L Adams, R. Katherine Alpaugh, Susan Tsai et al.     In tissue biopsies formalin fixed paraffin embedded cancer blocks are micro-sectioned producing multiple semi-identical specimens which are analyzed and subtyped proteomically, …             Diurnal variations of hormonal secretion, alertness and cognition in extreme chronotypes under different lighting conditions ▶     L. Maierova, A. Borisuit, J.-L. Scartezzini et al.     Circadian rhythms in physiology and behavior are modulated by external factors such as light or temperature. We studied whether self-selected office lighting during the habitual …             Inferences of drug responses in cancer cells from cancer genomic features and compound chemical and therapeutic properties ▶     Yongcui Wang, Jianwen Fang, Shilong Chen     Accurately predicting the response of a cancer patient to a therapeutic agent is a core goal of precision medicine. Existing approaches were mainly relied primarily on genomic …             A Francisella-like endosymbiont in the Gulf Coast tick evolved from a mammalian pathogen ▶     Jonathan G. Gerhart, Abraham S. Moses, Rahul Raghavan     Ticks (order Ixodida) vector pathogenic bacteria that cause diseases in humans and other mammals. They also contain bacteria that are closely related to pathogens but function as …             Receptor and transporter binding and activity profiles of albiflorin extracted from Radix paeoniae Alba ▶     Zeng-liang Jin, Nana Gao, Weizhe Xu et al.     Albiflorin, a traditional Chinese herb, is a main component of Radix paeoniae Alba, which has been used for the treatment of depressive disorders since ancient times. However, …             Temporal Development of Gut Microbiota in Triclocarban Exposed Pregnant and Neonatal Rats ▶     Rebekah C. Kennedy, Russell R. Fling, Michael S. Robeson et al.     Alteration of gut microbial colonization process may influence susceptibility of the newborn/infant to infectious and chronic disease. Infectious disease risk leads to widespread …             Oscillatory activity in auditory cortex reflects the perceptual level of audio-tactile integration ▶     Michael Plöchl, Jeremy Gaston, Tim Mermagen et al.     Cross-modal interactions between sensory channels have been shown to depend on both the spatial disparity and the perceptual similarity between the presented stimuli. Here we …             Prefrontal connections express individual differences in intrinsic resistance to trading off honesty values against economic benefits ▶     Azade Dogan, Yosuke Morishima, Felix Heise et al.     Individuals differ profoundly when they decide whether to tell the truth or to be dishonest, particularly in situations where moral motives clash with economic motives, i.e., …             Perception and recognition of faces in adolescence ▶     D. Fuhrmann, L. J. Knoll, A. L. Sakhardande et al.     Most studies on the development of face cognition abilities have focussed on childhood, with early maturation accounts contending that face cognition abilities are mature by 3–5 …             Porcine milk-derived exosomes promote proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells ▶     Ting Chen, Mei-Ying Xie, Jia-Jie Sun et al.     Milk-derived exosomes were identified as a novel mechanism of mother-to-child transmission of regulatory molecules, but their functions in intestinal tissues of neonates are not …             Species identification by experts and non-experts: comparing images from field guides ▶     G. E. Austen, M. Bindemann, R. A. Griffiths et al.     Accurate species identification is fundamental when recording ecological data. However, the ability to correctly identify organisms visually is rarely questioned. We investigated …             Comparative transcriptome profiling of longissimus muscle tissues from Qianhua Mutton Merino and Small Tail Han sheep ▶     Limin Sun, Man Bai, Lujie Xiang et al.     The Qianhua Mutton Merino (QHMM) is a new sheep (Ovis aries) variety with better meat performance compared with the traditional local variety Small Tail Han (STH) sheep. We aimed …             Loss of Lysyl Oxidase-like 3 Attenuates Embryonic Lung Development in Mice ▶     Jian Zhang, Ziyi Liu, Tingting Zhang et al.     Lysyl oxidase-like 3 (LOXL3), a human disease gene candidate, is a member of the lysyl oxidase (LOX) family and is indispensable for mouse palatogenesis and vertebral column …             Tumor suppressor p53 protects mice against Listeria monocytogenes infection ▶     Shaohui Wang, Pingping Liu, Jianchao Wei et al.     Tumor suppressor p53 is involved in regulating immune responses, which contribute to antitumor and antiviral activity. However, whether p53 has anti-bacterial functions remains …             Genome-Wide Association Study Dissecting the Genetic Architecture Underlying the Branch Angle Trait in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) ▶     Chengming Sun, Benqi Wang, Xiaohua Wang et al.     The rapeseed branch angle is an important morphological trait because an adequate branch angle enables more efficient light capture under high planting densities. Here, we report …             Myelinating glia differentiation is regulated by extracellular matrix elasticity ▶     Mateusz M. Urbanski, Lyle Kingsbury, Daniel Moussouros et al.     The mechanical properties of living tissues have a significant impact on cell differentiation, but remain unexplored in the context of myelin formation and repair. In the PNS, …             Absence of apolipoprotein E protects mice from cerebral malaria ▶     Fikregabrail Aberra Kassa, Kristin Van Den Ham, Anthony Rainone et al.     Cerebral malaria claims the life of millions of people each year, particularly those of children, and is a major global public health problem. Thus, the identification of novel …             Activation of Adenosine 2A receptor inhibits neutrophil apoptosis in an autophagy-dependent manner in mice with systemic inflammatory response syndrome ▶     Yang-Wuyue Liu, Ting Yang, Li Zhao et al.     Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an overwhelming whole body inflammation caused by infectious diseases or sterile insults. Neutrophils are the dominant …             Retinal transcriptome sequencing sheds light on the adaptation to nocturnal and diurnal lifestyles in raptors ▶     Yonghua Wu, Elizabeth A. Hadly, Wenjia Teng et al.     Owls (Strigiformes) represent a fascinating group of birds that are the ecological night-time counterparts to diurnal raptors (Accipitriformes). The nocturnality of owls, unusual …             Sequence analysis of the Hsp70 family in moss and evaluation of their functions in abiotic stress responses ▶     Ting Tang, Anmin Yu, Ping Li et al.     The 70-kD heat shock proteins (Hsp70s) are highly conserved molecular chaperones that play essential roles in cellular processes including abiotic stress responses. …             Remote Actuation of Magnetic Nanoparticles For Cancer Cell Selective Treatment Through Cytoskeletal Disruption ▶     Alyssa M. Master, Philise N. Williams, Nikorn Pothayee et al.     Motion of micron and sub-micron size magnetic particles in alternating magnetic fields can activate mechanosensitive cellular functions or physically destruct cancer cells. …             HSPA12B Attenuated Acute Myocardial Ischemia/reperfusion Injury via Maintaining Endothelial Integrity in a PI3K/Akt/mTOR-dependent Mechanism ▶     Qiuyue Kong, Leyang Dai, Yana Wang et al.     Endothelial damage is a critical mediator of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. HSPA12B is an endothelial-cell-specifically expressed heat shock protein. However, the …             Litter input decreased the response of soil organic matter decomposition to warming in two subtropical forest soils ▶     Qingkui Wang, Tongxin He, Jing Liu     Interaction effect of temperature and litter input on SOM decomposition is poor understood, restricting accurate prediction of the dynamics and stocks of soil organic carbon …             Genetic and environmental influences on the germination of basidiospores in the Cryptococcus neoformans species complex ▶     Adrian Forsythe, Aaron Vogan, Jianping Xu     In basidiomycetous fungi, the viability of basidiospores is an important component of sexual fitness. However, relatively little is known about the genetic and environmental …             Prostate tumor attenuation in the nu/nu murine model due to anti-sarcosine antibodies in folate-targeted liposomes ▶     Zbynek Heger, Hana Polanska, Miguel Angel Merlos Rodrigo et al.     Herein, we describe the preparation of liposomes with folate-targeting properties for the encapsulation of anti-sarcosine antibodies (antisarAbs@LIP) and sarcosine (sar@LIP). The …             Ablation of Y1 receptor impairs osteoclast bone-resorbing activity ▶     Daniela M. Sousa, Francisco Conceição, Diana I. Silva et al.     Y1 receptor (Y1R)-signalling pathway plays a pivotal role in the regulation of bone metabolism. The lack of Y1R-signalling stimulates bone mass accretion that has been mainly …             Role of C/EBP-α in Adriamycin-induced podocyte injury ▶     Fang Zhong, Weiming Wang, Kyung Lee et al.     Podocytes are terminally differentiated epithelial cells in the kidney glomeruli that act as a key component of the glomerular filtration barrier. Although the inciting injury to …             Biological application of Compressed Sensing Tomography in the Scanning Electron Microscope ▶     Matteo Ferroni, Alberto Signoroni, Andrea Sanzogni et al.     The three-dimensional tomographic reconstruction of a biological sample, namely collagen fibrils in human dermal tissue, was obtained from a set of projection-images acquired in …             Induction of triglyceride accumulation and mitochondrial maintenance in muscle cells by lactate ▶     Jingquan Sun, Xin Ye, Minhao Xie et al.     Muscle exercise induces intramuscular triglyceride (TG) accumulation and promotes mitochondrial maintenance in myotubes. However, the mechanism underlying exercise effects …             Hypermetabolism in B–lymphocytes from malignant hyperthermia susceptible individuals ▶     Kerstin Hoppe, Guido Hack, Frank Lehmann–Horn et al.     Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic disorder of skeletal muscle metabolism which is characterized by generalized muscle rigidity, increased body temperature, …             pH/NIR Light-Controlled Multidrug Release via a Mussel-Inspired Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Chemo-Photothermal Cancer Therapy ▶     Amin GhavamiNejad, Melisa SamariKhalaj, Ludwig Erik Aguilar et al.     This study reports on an intelligent composite hydrogel with both pH-dependent drug release in a cancer environment and heat generation based on NIR laser exposure, for the …             Impact of TROP2 expression on prognosis in solid tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis ▶     Ping Zeng, Min-Bin Chen, Li-Na Zhou et al.     Over-expression of TROP2 (the trophoblast cell surface antigen 2) was reported to predict poor prognosis in various solid tumors in number of studies. However, the results …             Portable microsystem integrates multifunctional dielectrophoresis manipulations and a surface stress biosensor to detect red blood cells for hemolytic anemia ▶     Shengbo Sang, Qiliang Feng, Aoqun Jian et al.     Hemolytic anemia intensity has been suggested as a vital factor for the growth of certain clinical complications of sickle cell disease. However, there is no effective and rapid …             Validation of trophic and anthropic underwater noise as settlement trigger in blue mussels ▶     Aurélie Jolivet, Rejean Tremblay, Fréderic Olivier et al.     Like the majority of benthic invertebrates, the blue mussel Mytilus edulis has a bentho-pelagic cycle with its larval settlement being a complex phenomenon involving numerous …             Two novel AGXT mutations identified in primary hyperoxaluria type-1 and distinct morphological and structural difference in kidney stones ▶     Cui Wang, Jingru Lu, Yanhua Lang et al.     Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare genetic disease characterized by excessive oxalate accumulation in plasma and urine, resulting in various phenotypes because of …             Increased PKCα activity by Rack1 overexpression is responsible for chemotherapy resistance in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia-derived cell line ▶     Jie Lei, Qi Li, Ying Gao et al.     Chemoresistant mechanisms in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients are not clarified. The apoptotic signaling mediated by receptor of activated C kinase 1 (Rack1), …             Halobacterial nano vesicles displaying murine bactericidal permeability-increasing protein rescue mice from lethal endotoxic shock ▶     Arjun Balakrishnan, Priya DasSarma, Oindrilla Bhattacharjee et al.     Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) had been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and endotoxin neutralizing activity by interacting with LPS of Gram-negative …             Candida albicans Dbf4-dependent Cdc7 kinase plays a novel role in the inhibition of hyphal development ▶     Wei-Chung Lai, Tschen-wei Chang, Chang Hao Wu et al.     Candida albicans is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen. The ability to switch among multiple cellular forms is key to its pathogenesis. The Dbf4-dependent protein kinase gene …             CCT2 Mutations Evoke Leber Congenital Amaurosis due to Chaperone Complex Instability ▶     Yuriko Minegishi, XunLun Sheng, Kazutoshi Yoshitake et al.     Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a hereditary early-onset retinal dystrophy that is accompanied by severe macular degeneration. In this study, novel compound heterozygous …                       The npj Science of Learning Community aims to be the place for sharing and discussing the latest insights into the science behind learning. It is a broader companion to the journal npj Science of Learning. The Community will give educators, along with cross-disciplinary researchers in the emerging science of learning discipline the unique opportunity to interact directly and collaborate with others.   Join the Community now to connect with experts in the science of learning field, and to keep up-to-date with the latest findings, videos, and interviews. 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