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| December 2012 Volume 8 Number 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In this issue
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| NEWS AND VIEWS | Top | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diabetes: Long-acting insulin analogues—are benefits worth the cost? David M. Nathan Published online: 13 November 2012 p699 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.208 Controlled clinical trials have demonstrated a substantial reduction in all long-term complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) if an HbA1c level of <7% is achieved. Long-acting insulin analogues have now been developed; however, their role in the intensive therapy of patients with T1DM is debatable. Full Text | PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reproductive endocrinology: Menopausal vasomotor symptoms and insulin resistance Emily D. Szmuilowicz Published online: 02 October 2012 p701 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.184 A growing body of research is examining the potential health implications of menopausal vasomotor symptoms. A recent study found that vasomotor symptoms are associated with increased insulin resistance in middle-aged women undergoing the menopausal transition. Full Text | PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Surgery: The coming of age of metabolic surgery Francesco Rubino & David E. Cummings Published online: 13 November 2012 p702 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.207 Individuals with obesity who undergo bariatric surgery are much less likely to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus than are those receiving routine care, new findings reveal. Intriguingly, baseline data on surrogate measures of insulin resistance rather than BMI were predictive of the preventive effect of surgery on type 2 diabetes mellitus. Full Text | PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reproductive endocrinology: Menstrual cycle lengths—what can they tell us? Shahla Nader Published online: 25 September 2012 p704 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.179 Short and long menstrual cycles have been associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases. Menstrual cycle length seems to be determined by the underlying hormonal profile—but could cycle length be a reliable indicator of hormone perturbations and disease risk in healthy regularly menstruating women? Full Text | PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Epidemiology: Air pollution and mortality from diabetes mellitus Annette Peters Published online: 13 November 2012 p706 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.204 Urban traffic is a major source of ambient air pollution and induces oxidative stress, systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease. A recent study shows that the risk of death from diabetes mellitus is increased in individuals exposed to high levels of traffic-related air pollution. Full Text | PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| REVIEWS | Top | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adaptive immunity in obesity and insulin resistance Henrike Sell, Christiane Habich & Juergen Eckel Published online: 31 July 2012 p709 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.114 Obesity is a key feature of the metabolic syndrome and increased adiposity has been associated with inflammation in the visceral compartment. In this Review, the authors describe inflammatory processes that occur in adipose tissue, focussing on how adaptive immune system cells promote inflammation. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Regulation of cortisol bioavailability—effects on hormone measurement and action Ilias Perogamvros, David W. Ray & Peter J. Trainer Published online: 14 August 2012 p717 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.134 Clinical assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis relies on measuring total serum cortisol levels. However, most circulating cortisol is bound to carrier proteins and only free cortisol is biologically available. This Review examines factors that regulate peripheral and tissue glucocorticoid bioavailability and highlights specific clinical indications for the measurement of bioavailable glucocorticoids. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| GLP-1 receptor agonists for individualized treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus Juris J. Meier Published online: 04 September 2012 p728 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.140 In this Review, the possibilities for utilizing GLP-1 receptor agonists in individualized treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus are discussed. The currently available compounds are evaluated in terms of their efficacy, duration of action and adverse effects. The feasibility of selecting a treatment option on the basis of an individual's clinical parameters and requirements is also touched upon. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The vagus nerve and the inflammatory reflex—linking immunity and metabolism Valentin A. Pavlov & Kevin J. Tracey Published online: 21 November 2012 p743 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2012.189 Vagus-nerve signalling regulates immune activation and metabolic homeostasis. Dysregulation of metabolism and immune function in obesity results in chronic inflammation associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this Review, exploiting the vagus-nerve-mediated inflammatory reflex in the treatment of obesity-related disorders is discussed. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| *Journal Citation Reports, Thomson, 2011. Nature Reviews Endocrinology was previously published as Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism. |
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