Nature Cell Biology contents: May 2014 Volume 16 Number 5, pp 385 - 485

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Advertisement Transfect with Confidence using X-tremeGENE Reagents from Roche Efficiently transfect DNA or siRNA to power your cell-based applications Obtain high numbers of healthy, viable cells Achieve high transfection efficiency Generate high recombinant protein yields Minimize cytotoxicity and off-target effects Assess true cell response rather than the effects of your transfection reagents Generate physiologically relevant data by minimizing reagent-induced changes To learn more, please visit: X-tremeGENE.roche.com TABLE OF CONTENTS May 2014 Volume 16, Issue 5 Editorial Review News and Views Research Highlights Articles Letter Advertisement   New BD Horizon Brilliant™ Blue 515 A novel format for the blue laser that is up to seven times brighter than FITC and offers significantly better resolution with less spillover into the PE channel. Free samples and introductory pricing available so you can explore brighter ways of using blue in your research. bdbiosciences.com/go/newblue Subscribe   Facebook   RSS   Recommend to library   Twitter   Advertisement nature.com webcasts Macmillan Science Communication presents a custom webcast on: Development and quantitative evaluation of a high-resolution metabolomics technology Tuesday May 13th 8am PDT / 11am EDT / 4pm BST / 5pm CEST  Register for the free webcast and live Q and A session Sponsored by:       Editorial Top An update on data reporting standards   p385 doi:10.1038/ncb2964 We discuss editorial policies that aim to facilitate transparency and reproducibility, and their impact on the research content published in Nature Cell Biology. Review Top Mitotic spindle multipolarity without centrosome amplification   pp386 - 394 Helder Maiato and Elsa Logarinho doi:10.1038/ncb2958 Multipolar spindles are a feature of cancer cells often associated with chromosomal aberrations. In the final Review in our Series on Genomic Instability, Logarinho and Maiato discuss how multipolar spindles form, with an emphasis on the role of the loss of spindle pole integrity in this process. News and Views Top Selective autophagy goes exclusive   pp395 - 397 Terje Johansen and Trond Lamark doi:10.1038/ncb2961 Using in vitro reconstitution systems, three studies shed light on the interactions of Atg8 family proteins with cargo receptors and components of the basal autophagy machinery. The results have important mechanistic implications for selective macroautophagy, scaffold formation and spatio-temporal organization of the lipidation process during autophagosome formation. See also: Article by Sawa-Makarska et al. | Article by Nath et al. Integrin β3 links therapy resistance and cancer stem cell properties   pp397 - 399 Nagarajan Kannan, Long V. Nguyen and Connie J. Eaves doi:10.1038/ncb2960 Heterogeneity in tumour cell properties underlies many treatment failures. Understanding the sources of such heterogeneity has proved to be challenging, but remains critical to improving patient outcomes. Integrin αvβ3 expression in multiple types of solid tumour stem cells is now shown to control a pro-survival pathway that contributes to therapy resistance. See also: Article by Seguin et al. Research Highlights Top Mitotic suppression of repair prevents telomere fusions | Reprogramming goes through a primitive-streak-like state | The vascular niche directs lymphoma aggressiveness | ESCRTing intraluminal vesicle formation Cell Biology JOBS of the week Stem Cell Biology Yale Stem Cell Center Young Group Leader Positions In Stem Cell Biology Institut Pasteur Postdoctoral Associate University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center PhD position Jules Bordet Institute Postdoctor fellowship University of Sao Paulo, Brazil More Science jobs from Cell Biology EVENT 2nd Advances in Stem Cell Biology Course 30th June – 12th July 2014 Paris, France More science events from Articles Top Connexins modulate autophagosome biogenesis   pp401 - 414 Eloy Bejarano, Andrea Yuste, Bindi Patel, Randy F. Stout Jr, David C. Spray et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2934 Connexins localize to the plasma membrane, where they form gap junctions between cells. Cuervo and colleagues report that connexins associate with autophagosome precursor structures in the plasma membrane and inhibit autophagosome biogenesis. Nutrient deprivation relieves this inhibition and promotes autophagic degradation of connexin proteins. Lipidation of the LC3/GABARAP family of autophagy proteins relies on a membrane-curvature-sensing domain in Atg3   pp415 - 424 Sangeeta Nath, Julia Dancourt, Vladimir Shteyn, Gabriella Puente, Wendy M. Fong et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2940 The E2-like enzyme Atg3 conjugates phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to Atg8 to facilitate its membrane association and promote autophagosome maturation. Melia and colleagues report that Atg3 preferentially associates in vitro with highly curved, PE-enriched membranes, such as the isolation membrane of a nascent autophagosome, thus ensuring access to a local supply of PE. See also: Article by Sawa-Makarska et al. | News and Views by Johansen & Lamark Cargo binding to Atg19 unmasks additional Atg8 binding sites to mediate membrane–cargo apposition during selective autophagy   pp425 - 433 Justyna Sawa-Makarska, Christine Abert, Julia Romanov, Bettina Zens, Iosune Ibiricu et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2935 The Cvt pathway in yeast operates constitutively, but the mechanism by which non-cargo material is excluded from the vacuole is incompletely defined. Martens and colleagues show that cargo binding to the cargo receptor Atg19 exposes further Atg8 binding sites on the receptor, which draws the isolation membrane around the autophagic cargo and prevents inclusion of non-cargo material in autophagosomes. See also: Article by Nath et al. | News and Views by Johansen & Lamark The SNARE Sec22b has a non-fusogenic function in plasma membrane expansion   pp434 - 444 Maja Petkovic, Aymen Jemaiel, Frédéric Daste, Christian G. Specht, Ignacio Izeddin et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2937 The surface area of neurons increases rapidly during neurite extension. Galli and colleagues show that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident SNARE protein Sec22b bridges the ER and plasma membrane during this process and contributes to plasma membrane expansion, but does not promote membrane fusion. Profilin-1 phosphorylation directs angiocrine expression and glioblastoma progression through HIF-1α accumulation   pp445 - 456 Yi Fan, Alka A. Potdar, Yanqing Gong, Sandeepa M. Eswarappa, Shannon Donnola et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2954 Fox and colleagues report that phosphorylation of profilin-1 in endothelial cells induces HIF-1α activation, leading to tumour angiogenesis in glioblastoma. An integrin β3–KRAS–RalB complex drives tumour stemness and resistance to EGFR inhibition   pp457 - 468 Laetitia Seguin, Shumei Kato, Aleksandra Franovic, M. Fernanda Camargo, Jacqueline Lesperance et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2953 Cheresh and colleagues delineate a pathway that regulates tumour cell stemness and resistance to therapy. They find that the unliganded integrin αvβ3 is able to promote cancer cell self-renewal, tumour initiation and resistance to EGFR inhibitors by binding KRAS and RalB to activate the NF-κB pathway. See also: News and Views by Kannan et al. Cellular origin of bladder neoplasia and tissue dynamics of its progression to invasive carcinoma   pp469 - 478 Kunyoo Shin, Agnes Lim, Justin I. Odegaard, Jared D. Honeycutt, Sally Kawano et al. doi:10.1038/ncb2956 Beachy and colleagues use a chemical carcinogenesis mouse model of bladder cancer to demonstrate that an Shh-expressing basal urothelial stem cell is the cell of origin of invasive bladder carcinoma, and to analyse the progression of these lesions. Letter Top Structural mechanism of the dynein power stroke   pp479 - 485 Jianfeng Lin, Kyoko Okada, Milen Raytchev, Maria C. Smith and Daniela Nicastro doi:10.1038/ncb2939 The dynein microtubule motor drives the motility of cilia and flagella, but exactly how dynein power strokes are generated is unclear. Using cryo-electron tomography to study intact flagella, Nicastro and colleagues provide structural insights into the power-stroke cycle. 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