Nature Communications - 25 June 2014

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Advertisement An Atlas of Genetic Influences on Human Blood Metabolites    "Metabolomics...an excellent way of understanding individual uniqueness and..." - Craig Venter A new publication in Nature Genetics reveals how metabolomic profiling coupled with genomics data yields new insight into diseases, potential biomarkers and drug treatments. Freely available here.     Weekly Content Alert 25 June 2014  Featured image: Hong et al. investigate turbulent flow patterns around wind turbines using a snowstorm as a natural laboratory. Latest content: Articles Corrigendum Journal homepage Recommend to library Web feed   Advertisement Nature Reviews Neurology  Focus on Epilepsy  In this special focus issue, cutting-edge investigators from around the world highlight the important challenges and progress in epilepsy research and clinical practice. Produced with financial support from UCB     Latest Articles View all Articles     Natural snowfall reveals large-scale flow structures in the wake of a 2.5-MW wind turbine Jiarong Hong, Mostafa Toloui, Leonardo P. Chamorro, Michele Guala, Kevin Howard, Sean Riley, James Tucker and Fotis Sotiropoulos Models of turbulent flows are often simulated in the laboratory, in sampling areas with dimensions <1 m. Here, the authors exploit a natural snowstorm to quantify turbulent flows, exploring the complex dynamics of the atmospheric boundary layer around a 2.5-MW utility-scale wind turbine. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5216 Earth Sciences  Atmospheric science  Chronic inflammation induces telomere dysfunction and accelerates ageing in mice OPEN Diana Jurk, Caroline Wilson, João F. Passos, Fiona Oakley, Clara Correia-Melo, Laura Greaves, Gabriele Saretzki, Chris Fox, Conor Lawless, Rhys Anderson, Graeme Hewitt, Sylvia LF Pender, Nicola Fullard, Glyn Nelson, Jelena Mann, Bart van de Sluis, Derek A. Mann and Thomas von Zglinicki Many age-related diseases are associated with chronic inflammation. Here Jurk et al. use a mouse model of chronic, low-grade inflammation to support a model by which such inflammation promotes a vicious cycle of oxidative stress, telomere dysfunction and cell senescence that accelerates the ageing process. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5172 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Medical research  Supersensitive fingerprinting of explosives by chemically modified nanosensors arrays Amir Lichtenstein, Ehud Havivi, Ronen Shacham, Ehud Hahamy, Ronit Leibovich, Alexander Pevzner, Vadim Krivitsky, Guy Davivi, Igor Presman, Roey Elnathan, Yoni Engel, Eli Flaxer and Fernando Patolsky Reliable detection and identification of explosives is difficult due to the large numbers of compounds and the trace amount of material with which to work. Here, the authors show a nanosensor array capable of fingerprinting individual explosives and detecting them down to the parts-per-quadrillion concentration range. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5195 Chemical Sciences  Analytical chemistry  Materials science  Nanotechnology  A magnetic compass aids monarch butterfly migration OPEN Patrick A. Guerra, Robert J. Gegear and Steven M. Reppert Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) migrate from North America to central Mexico during the fall. Here, Guerra et al. show that, in addition to a sun compass orientation, monarch butterflies use a magnetic compass to help direct their flight towards the equator. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5164 Biological Sciences  Zoology  Temporal disease trajectories condensed from population-wide registry data covering 6.2 million patients OPEN Anders Boeck Jensen, Pope L. Moseley, Tudor I. Oprea, Sabrina Gade Ellesøe, Robert Eriksson, Henriette Schmock, Peter Bjødstrup Jensen, Lars Juhl Jensen and Søren Brunak Population-wide analyses of healthcare data are challenging and thus often involve only few diseases or comparatively short time scales. Here the authors use healthcare records of all hospital encounters in Denmark over 15 years to describe how disease diagnoses progress over time. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5022 Biological Sciences  Medical research  Injectable bioadhesive hydrogels with innate antibacterial properties Michael C. Giano, Zuhaib Ibrahim, Scott H. Medina, Karim A. Sarhane, Joani M. Christensen, Yuji Yamada, Gerald Brandacher and Joel P. Schneider Bioadhesives are materials frequently used as surgical sealants, though to date, these typically possess limited antibacterial properties. Here, the authors present a novel injectable and antibacterial bioadhesive hydrogel and demonstrate its performance in vivo. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5095 Biological Sciences  Materials science  Medical research  π–π interaction of aromatic groups in amphiphilic molecules directing for single-crystalline mesostructured zeolite nanosheets Dongdong Xu, Yanhang Ma, Zhifeng Jing, Lu Han, Bhupendra Singh, Ji Feng, Xuefeng Shen, Fenglei Cao, Peter Oleynikov, Huai Sun, Osamu Terasaki and Shunai Che The preparation of mesoporous zeolites is important for their incorporation into industrially relevant applications. Here, the authors design a single quaternary ammonium head amphiphilic template, which directs the formation of mesostructured crystalline zeolites due to π-stacking supramolecular interactions. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5262 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  p38 MAPK-inhibited dendritic cells induce superior antitumour immune responses and overcome regulatory T-cell-mediated immunosuppression Yong Lu, Mingjun Zhang, Siqing Wang, Bangxing Hong, Zhiqiang Wang, Haiyan Li, Yuhuan Zheng, Jing Yang, Richard E. Davis, Jianfei Qian, Jian Hou and Qing Yi Dendritic cell-based approaches to induce antitumour immunity are promising, but have not shown encouraging results in clinical trials. Here the authors show that inhibition of p38 MAPK in dendritic cells increases expression of OX40L, boosting antitumour T-cell responses and dampening regulatory T-cell activity. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5229 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Immunology  Stress-induced phase transformation and optical coupling of silver nanoparticle superlattices into mechanically stable nanowires Binsong Li, Xiaodong Wen, Ruipeng Li, Zhongwu Wang, Paul G. Clem and Hongyou Fan Silver nanowires are commonly synthesized via chemical routes. Here, the authors report nanowire formation via a physical method involving stress-induced phase transformation and sintering of spherical silver nanoparticle superlattices. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5179 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Atlantic salmon show capability for cardiac acclimation to warm temperatures Katja Anttila, Christine S. Couturier, Øyvind Øverli, Arild Johnsen, Gunnhild Marthinsen, Göran E. Nilsson and Anthony P. Farrell Cardiac function can limit high-temperature tolerance in fish. Here, Antilla et al. show similar cardiac responses to warming for two wild Atlantic salmon populations with different environmental temperatures, which suggests that cardiac plasticity is independent of natural habitat. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5252 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Evolution  Zoology  IP6K structure and the molecular determinants of catalytic specificity in an inositol phosphate kinase family Huanchen Wang, Eugene F. DeRose, Robert E. London and Stephen B. Shears Inositol trisphosphate kinases (IP3Ks) and inositol hexakisphosphate kinases (IP6Ks) are involved in signalling by phosphorylating their specific targets. Here, Wang et al. report the crystal structure of a hybrid IP6K/IP3K enzyme, analyse the substrate orientations and propose an evolutionary trajectory for this kinase family. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5178 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Gains to species diversity in organically farmed fields are not propagated at the farm level Manuel K. Schneider, Gisela Lüscher, Philippe Jeanneret, Michaela Arndorfer, Youssef Ammari, Debra Bailey, Katalin Balázs, András Báldi, Jean-Philippe Choisis, Peter Dennis, Sebastian Eiter, Wendy Fjellstad, Mariecia D. Fraser, Thomas Frank, Jürgen K. Friedel, Salah Garchi, Ilse R. Geijzendorffer, Tiziano Gomiero, Guillermo Gonzalez-Bornay, Andy Hector et al. Organic farming is proposed to increase the biodiversity of organisms within a field. In this study, Schneider et al. show that while biodiversity is increased in organically farmed fields compared to conventionally farmed land, these effects are not seen at a greater spatial level. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5151 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Naturally occurring tumours in the basal metazoan Hydra Tomislav Domazet-Lošo, Alexander Klimovich, Boris Anokhin, Friederike Anton-Erxleben, Mailin J. Hamm, Christina Lange and Thomas C.G. Bosch The evolutionary origin of tumours remains largely unknown. Here, Domazet-Lošo et al. show evidence for naturally occurring tumours in the freshwater polyp, Hydra, and suggest that tumours have deep evolutionary roots. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5222 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Developmental biology  Evolution  Abiotic methanogenesis from organosulphur compounds under ambient conditions Frederik Althoff, Kathrin Benzing, Peter Comba, Colin McRoberts, Derek R. Boyd, Steffen Greiner and Frank Keppler Typically, microbial methane production occurs under oxygen-free conditions and abiotic methane production occurs under harsh conditions. Here, the authors show methane production from organosulphur compounds under ambient conditions, suggesting a role for these compounds in methane formation in the environment. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5205 Chemical Sciences  Biogeochemistry  Organic chemistry  Electrical control of large magnetization reversal in a helimagnet Yi Sheng Chai, Sangil Kwon, Sae Hwan Chun, Ingyu Kim, Byung-Gu Jeon, Kee Hoon Kim and Soonchil Lee The reversible control of magnetization by electrical fields is of relevance for information storage applications, but has been difficult to achieve in bulk materials. Here, the authors observe the reversal of magnetization up to about 100 K in Ba0.5Sr1.5Zn2(Fe0.92Al0.08)12O22 without any external magnetic field. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5208 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Implementing a strand of a scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing fabric Jerry M. Chow, Jay M. Gambetta, Easwar Magesan, David W. Abraham, Andrew W. Cross, B R Johnson, Nicholas A. Masluk, Colm A. Ryan, John A. Smolin, Srikanth J. Srinivasan and M Steffen Quantum error correction protocols aim at protecting quantum information from corruption due to decoherence and imperfect control. Using three superconducting transmon qubits, Chow et al. demonstrate necessary elements for the implementation of the surface error correction code on a two-dimensional lattice. 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5015 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Theoretical physics  Electrochemical dynamics of nanoscale metallic inclusions in dielectrics Yuchao Yang, Peng Gao, Linze Li, Xiaoqing Pan, Stefan Tappertzhofen, ShinHyun Choi, Rainer Waser, Ilia Valov and Wei D. Lu Nanoscale metal inclusions play an important role in solid-state dielectric devices. Here, the authors demonstrate that these inclusions can change their shape, size and position in response to an applied electric field, and that electrochemical processes can lead to metal cluster nucleation and growth. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5232 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  AmiA is a penicillin target enzyme with dual activity in the intracellular pathogen Chlamydia pneumoniae OPEN Anna Klöckner, Christian Otten, Adeline Derouaux, Waldemar Vollmer, Henrike Bühl, Stefania De Benedetti, Daniela Münch, Michaele Josten, Katja Mölleken, Hans-Georg Sahl and Beate Henrichfreise Penicillin inhibits growth of chlamydial pathogens despite their lack of a conventional peptidoglycan cell wall. Here the authors report that the chlamydial amidase, AmiA, which can rescue cell division defects of an E. coli amiA mutant, has dual activity as a penicillin sensitive, lipid II-targetting carboxypeptidase. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5201 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Cell biology  Microbiology  High-contrast sub-millivolt inelastic X-ray scattering for nano- and mesoscale science OPEN Yuri Shvyd'ko, Stanislav Stoupin, Deming Shu, Stephen P. Collins, Kiran Mundboth, John Sutter and Martin Tolkiehn Inelastic X-ray scattering suffers from not being able to access high-frequency collective excitations in condensed matter on the nano- to mesoscales. Here, the authors report a new spectrometer that allows these regimes to be accessed, and demonstrate its advances by studying an organic glass-forming liquid. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5219 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Optical physics  Reversible electric-field control of magnetization at oxide interfaces F. A. Cuellar, Y. H. Liu, J. Salafranca, N. Nemes, E. Iborra, G. Sanchez-Santolino, M. Varela, M. Garcia Hernandez, J. W. Freeland, M. Zhernenkov, M. R. Fitzsimmons, S. Okamoto, S. J. Pennycook, M. Bibes, A. Barthélémy, S.G.E. te Velthuis, Z. Sefrioui, C. Leon and J. Santamaria Control of magnetism by an electric field is of interest for applications such as information storage. Here, the authors achieve this magnetoelectric coupling in a non-superconducting cuprate, sandwiched between two ferromagnetic manganese oxide layers, whose magnetization can be switched with the sole action of an electric field. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5215 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Condensed matter  Materials science  Ezh2 loss promotes development of myelodysplastic syndrome but attenuates its predisposition to leukaemic transformation Goro Sashida, Hironori Harada, Hirotaka Matsui, Motohiko Oshima, Makiko Yui, Yuka Harada, Satomi Tanaka, Makiko Mochizuki-Kashio, Changshan Wang, Atsunori Saraya, Tomoya Muto, Yoshihiro Hayashi, Kotaro Suzuki, Hiroshi Nakajima, Toshiya Inaba, Haruhiko Koseki, Gang Huang, Toshio Kitamura and Atsushi Iwama Mutations in the EZH2 gene are found in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and are often accompanied by mutations in RUNX1. Here, the authors develop a mouse model of MDS and show that EZH2 loss enhances the RUNX1-mediated MDS pathology. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5177 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Immunology  Two-dimensional superconductivity at the interface of a Bi2Te3/FeTe heterostructure Qing Lin He, Hongchao Liu, Mingquan He, Ying Hoi Lai, Hongtao He, Gan Wang, Kam Tuen Law, Rolf Lortz, Jiannong Wang and Iam Keong Sou Under normal conditions neither FeTe nor Bi2Te3 are superconductors, the former being a semiconductor and the latter a topological insulator. However, He et al. show that when a Bi2Te3 layer, even down to one-quintuple-layer in thickness, is grown on FeTe, superconductivity develops at the interface. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5247 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  SUMO1 modification stabilizes CDK6 protein and drives the cell cycle and glioblastoma progression Anita C. Bellail, Jeffrey J. Olson and Chunhai Hao The correct timing of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity is crucial for the fidelity of the cell cycle. In this study, Bellail et al. show that CDK6 protein levels are positively regulated by SUMOylation and that this modification blocks ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5234 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Cell biology  FtsZ-independent septal recruitment and function of cell wall remodelling enzymes in chlamydial pathogens OPEN Antonio Frandi, Nicolas Jacquier, Laurence Théraulaz, Gilbert Greub and Patrick H. Viollier Chlamydiae lack a conventional peptidoglycan cell wall, and yet cell wall remodelling enzymes are largely conserved in these organisms. Frandi et al. identify a chlamydial peptidoglycan endopeptidase, NlpD, and show that it targets the septum of dividing Chlamydiae in a manner dependent on cell wall synthesis. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5200 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Cell biology  Microbiology  Ultrafast X-ray Auger probing of photoexcited molecular dynamics B. K. McFarland, J. P. Farrell, S. Miyabe, F. Tarantelli, A. Aguilar, N. Berrah, C. Bostedt, J. D. Bozek, P. H. Bucksbaum, J. C. Castagna, R. N. Coffee, J. P. Cryan, L. Fang, R. Feifel, K. J. Gaffney, J. M. Glownia, T. J. Martinez, M. Mucke, B. Murphy, A. Natan et al. Photoexciting molecules provides insights into their different degrees of freedom if the ultrafast electron and nuclei motion can be properly analysed. To this end, McFarland et al. use X-ray pump-probe techniques to show that Auger spectra can unveil information on nuclear relaxation in molecules. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5235 Physical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Physical chemistry  Identification of promiscuous ene-reductase activity by mining structural databases using active site constellations OPEN Georg Steinkellner, Christian C. Gruber, Tea Pavkov-Keller, Alexandra Binter, Kerstin Steiner, Christoph Winkler, Andrzej Łyskowski, Orsolya Schwamberger, Monika Oberer, Helmut Schwab, Kurt Faber, Peter Macheroux and Karl Gruber Enzymes are very efficient reaction catalysts, though taking advantage of this synthetically is hampered by their notorious specificity. Here, the authors identify important arrangements of active site residues and use structural bioinformatics to successfully predict enzyme activity. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5150 Biological Sciences  Bioinformatics  Catalysis  Dynamic protein conformations preferentially drive energy transfer along the active chain of the photosystem II reaction centre OPEN Lu Zhang, Daniel-Adriano Silva, Houdao Zhang, Alexander Yue, YiJing Yan and Xuhui Huang Cofactor-mediated energy and electron transfer in photosystem II occurs preferentially through one branch of the reaction centre, despite there being a symmetric path available. Here, the authors use computational methods to determine the influence of protein conformation on this selectivity. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5170 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  A cochlear-bone wave can yield a hearing sensation as well as otoacoustic emission OPEN Tatjana Tchumatchenko and Tobias Reichenbach Novel headphone technology employs bone conduction to enable hearing, but the mechanism behind this remains unclear. Tchumatchenko and Reichenbach now show that bone conduction and subsequent hearing and otoacoustic emissions are in part due to deformation of the cochlear bone. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5160 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Neuroscience  Strong antenna-enhanced fluorescence of a single light-harvesting complex shows photon antibunching OPEN Emilie Wientjes, Jan Renger, Alberto G. Curto, Richard Cogdell and Niek F. van Hulst Quantum processes may have an important role in photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes, but their low fluorescence efficiency impedes studies. By coupling them to gold nanoantennas, Wientjes et al. show over 500 times enhancement of fluorescence from single molecules of light-harvesting complex 2. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5236 Physical Sciences  Biophysics  Optical physics  Ancestral repeats have shaped epigenome and genome composition for millions of years in Arabidopsis thaliana OPEN Florian Maumus and Hadi Quesneville Repeated sequences are common in genomes, yet little is known about the long-term evolution of repeats in plants. Here, Maumus and Quesneville show that most of the repeated sequences in the model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, are old and that many small RNAs correspond to old repeats. 23 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5104 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics  Snf2h-mediated chromatin organization and histone H1 dynamics govern cerebellar morphogenesis and neural maturation OPEN Matías Alvarez-Saavedra, Yves De Repentigny, Pamela S. Lagali, Edupuganti V. S. Raghu Ram, Keqin Yan, Emile Hashem, Danton Ivanochko, Michael S. Huh, Doo Yang, Alan J. Mears, Matthew A. M. Todd, Chelsea P. Corcoran, Erin A. Bassett, Nicholas J. A. Tokarew, Juraj Kokavec, Romit Majumder, Ilya Ioshikhes, Valerie A. Wallace, Rashmi Kothary, Eran Meshorer et al. The chromatin remodelling proteins Snf2h and Snf2l regulate nucleosome spacing. Here, the authors show that Snf2h ablation impairs chromatin organization of neuronal lineages during mouse embryonic and post-natal cerebellar development. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5181 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Molecular biology  Neuroscience  Glassy states and super-relaxation in populations of coupled phase oscillators OPEN D. Iatsenko, P.V.E. McClintock and A. Stefanovska The Kuramoto model attempts to describe the behaviour and properties of networks of coupled oscillators. By studying a generalization of the original Kuramoto model, Latsenko et al. identify several previously unseen complex phenomena that can appear in such networks. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5118 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  Probing the solar corona with very long baseline interferometry OPEN B. Soja, R. Heinkelmann and H. Schuh Very long baseline interferometry is an astronomical technique that uses radio telescopes on Earth to observe extragalactic radio sources. Here, the authors show that it can be used to measure the electron density of the Sun's corona and compare their findings to models from spacecraft tracking data. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5166 Physical Sciences  Astronomy  ATG5 defines a phagophore domain connected to the endoplasmic reticulum during autophagosome formation in plants Romain Le Bars, Jessica Marion, Rémi Le Borgne, Béatrice Satiat-Jeunemaitre and Michele Wolfe Bianchi Compared with yeast and animal cells, the detailed dynamics of autophagosome extension in plants remain particularly unclear. Here the authors show that the autophagy-related protein, ATG5, forms a torus-shaped domain on the early phagophore in Arabidopsis, and involve the ER in a model for plant autophagosome formation. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5121 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Plant sciences  Ciliopathy-associated gene Cc2d2a promotes assembly of subdistal appendages on the mother centriole during cilia biogenesis Shobi Veleri, Souparnika H. Manjunath, Robert N. Fariss, Helen May-Simera, Matthew Brooks, Trevor A. Foskett, Chun Gao, Teresa A. Longo, Pinghu Liu, Kunio Nagashima, Rivka A. Rachel, Tiansen Li, Lijin Dong and Anand Swaroop Mutations in the centrosome-cilia gene, Cc2d2a, result in Meckel and Joubert syndromes in humans. By creating Cc2d2a-mutant mice, Veleri et al. show that this gene encodes a component of subdistal appendages; ciliary structures thought to be required to anchor cilia to the microtubule network. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5207 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Genetics  Four-colour FRET reveals directionality in the Hsp90 multicomponent machinery C. Ratzke, B. Hellenkamp and T. Hugel The activity of heat shock proteins (Hsp) is modified by binding to cochaperones. Here, the authors develop a four-colour FRET system to show that cochaperone p23 binding to Hsp90 strengthens the ATP-dependent directionality, thus validating their approach for the study of other multicomponent protein machines. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5192 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Three functionally distinct classes of C-fibre nociceptors in primates Matthew Wooten, Hao-Jui Weng, Timothy V. Hartke, Jasenka Borzan, Amanda H. Klein, Brian Turnquist, Xinzhong Dong, Richard A. Meyer and Matthias Ringkamp C-fibre polymodal nociceptors in primates have been classified into two groups based on their sensitivity to mechanical stimuli. Here, Wooten et al. describe how the differences in the response speed of the receptors to stimuli suggest that these should be considered as three separate groups. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5122 Biological Sciences  Neuroscience  Correlated defect nanoregions in a metal–organic framework Matthew J. Cliffe, Wei Wan, Xiaodong Zou, Philip A. Chater, Annette K. Kleppe, Matthew G. Tucker, Heribert Wilhelm, Nicholas P. Funnell, François-Xavier Coudert and Andrew L Goodwin Correlated defects are known to be closely linked to material properties throughout condensed matter research. Here, the authors examine the defects in a canonical metal–organic framework with an array of crystallographic and computational techniques and suggest they are correlated rather than random. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5176 Chemical Sciences  Inorganic chemistry  Materials science  Hepatoprotective role of Sestrin2 against chronic ER stress Hwan-Woo Park, Haeli Park, Seung-Hyun Ro, Insook Jang, Ian A. Semple, David N. Kim, Myungjin Kim, Myeongjin Nam, Deqiang Zhang, Lei Yin and Jun Hee Lee When exposed to chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, cells downregulate protein synthesis by inhibiting mTOR signalling. Park et al. identify Sestrin2 as a transcriptional target of the ER stress pathway and an important mediator of this protective response in the liver. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5233 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Microwave spectroscopic observation of distinct electron solid phases in wide quantum wells OPEN A. T. Hatke, Yang Liu, B. A. Magill, B. H. Moon, L. W. Engel, M. Shayegan, L. N. Pfeiffer, K. W. West and K. W. Baldwin Confining electrons to two dimensions can drastically alter the way they interact with each other. Here, the authors show that electrons in quantum wells can form into two distinct solid-like phases when placed in a large magnetic field. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5154 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Glycosphingolipid-functionalized nanoparticles recapitulate CD169-dependent HIV-1 uptake and trafficking in dendritic cells Xinwei Yu, Amin Feizpour, Nora-Guadalupe P. Ramirez, Linxi Wu, Hisashi Akiyama, Fangda Xu, Suryaram Gummuluru and Björn M. Reinhard Ganglioside GM3, a cellular lipid included in the envelope of HIV-1 viral particles, interacts with cellular receptor CD169. Here, the authors develop artificial nanoparticles, consisting of a golden core and a GM3-containing synthetic membrane, that recapitulate the CD169-dependent uptake of viral particles. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5136 Biological Sciences  Nanotechnology  Virology  Fully-printed high-performance organic thin-film transistors and circuitry on one-micron-thick polymer films Kenjiro Fukuda, Yasunori Takeda, Yudai Yoshimura, Rei Shiwaku, Lam Truc Tran, Tomohito Sekine, Makoto Mizukami, Daisuke Kumaki and Shizuo Tokito Organic electronics with good electrical performance and high mechanical stability are of great potential because of their low cost and scalability. Here, Fukuda et al. report the large-area fabrication of fully printable organic thin-film transistors that are only 1 μm thick. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5147 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Nanotechnology  Ultrafast fluorescence imaging in vivo with conjugated polymer fluorophores in the second near-infrared window Guosong Hong, Yingping Zou, Alexander L. Antaris, Shuo Diao, Di Wu, Kai Cheng, Xiaodong Zhang, Changxin Chen, Bo Liu, Yuehui He, Justin Z. Wu, Jun Yuan, Bo Zhang, Zhimin Tao, Chihiro Fukunaga and Hongjie Dai In vivo fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window allows high resolution and tissue penetration. Here, using conjugated polymers, the authors achieve imaging with high spatial and time resolutions capable of resolving mouse femoral artery blood-flow variations within a single cardiac cycle. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5206 Chemical Sciences  Materials science  Medical research  Optical physics  Co-option of Sox3 as the male-determining factor on the Y chromosome in the fish Oryzias dancena Yusuke Takehana, Masaru Matsuda, Taijun Myosho, Maximiliano L. Suster, Koichi Kawakami, Tadasu Shin-I, Yuji Kohara, Yoko Kuroki, Atsushi Toyoda, Asao Fujiyama, Satoshi Hamaguchi, Mitsuru Sakaizumi and Kiyoshi Naruse Sex chromosomes harbour specific sequences that determine the sexual development of the organism; yet these sequences remain unknown for many species. Here, Takehana et al. show that, similarly to mammals, Sox3 on the Y chromosome is the male-determining factor in the medaka-related fish Oryzias dancena. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5157 Biological Sciences  Evolution  Genetics  Determination of energy level alignment at metal/molecule interfaces by in-device electrical spectroscopy M. Gobbi, L. Pietrobon, A. Atxabal, A. Bedoya-Pinto, X. Sun, F. Golmar, R. Llopis, F. Casanova and L. E. Hueso Probing energy level alignment in metal/molecular semiconductor interfaces via electron photoemission spectroscopy requires conditions removed from those during device operation. Here, the authors report a three-terminal device for obtaining this information under real operating conditions. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5161 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Nitrogen stress response and stringent response are coupled in Escherichia coli OPEN Daniel R. Brown, Geraint Barton, Zhensheng Pan, Martin Buck and Sivaramesh Wigneshweraraj The nitrogen regulation stress response and the stringent response are two major regulatory pathways in bacteria, but their mutual coordination is unclear. Here, the authors show that NtrC, the main regulatory protein from the first pathway, activates expression of relA, a key gene from the second pathway. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5115 Biological Sciences  Microbiology  Bimodal magmatism produced by progressively inhibited crustal assimilation F. C. Meade, V. R. Troll, R. M. Ellam, C. Freda, L. Font, C. H. Donaldson and I. Klonowska The origin of bimodal (mafic–felsic) rock suites is a fundamental question in volcanology. Here, the authors present a new model for magmatic differentiation in continental igneous provinces and explain how large volumes of granitic magma can be produced in otherwise basaltic systems. 20 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5199 Earth Sciences  Geology and geophysics  Visualizing active membrane protein complexes by electron cryotomography OPEN Vicki A.M. Gold, Raffaele Ieva, Andreas Walter, Nikolaus Pfanner, Martin van der Laan and Werner Kühlbrandt Few tools are available to identify active membrane proteins within their native lipid environment. Here, Gold et al. report on a strategy that can be used for site-specific labelling of membrane proteins via electron cryotomography. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5129 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Relative motions between left flipper and dorsal fin domains favour P2X4 receptor activation Wen-Shan Zhao, Jin Wang, Xiao-Juan Ma, Yang Yang, Yan Liu, Li-Dong Huang, Ying-Zhe Fan, Xiao-Yang Cheng, Hong-Zhuan Chen, Rui Wang and Ye Yu P2X receptors are ion channels that are controlled by the level of extracellular ATP. Here, Zhao et al. describe the coordinated allosteric changes in two protein domains that couple extracellular ATP-binding to channel gating and show that these changes are essential for the function of the proteins. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5189 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Biophysics  Sustained Wnt/β-catenin signalling causes neuroepithelial aberrations through the accumulation of aPKC at the apical pole Antonio Herrera, Murielle Saade, Anghara Menendez, Elisa Marti and Sebastian Pons Atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) is expressed in the apical complex of epithelial cells, which is required for maintaining the polarity of epithelial cells. Herrera et al. show that stable beta-catenin signalling prevents this process by restricting aPKC expression and disrupting apical complex function. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5168 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Neuroscience  Experimental simulation of closed timelike curves Martin Ringbauer, Matthew A. Broome, Casey R. Myers, Andrew G. White and Timothy C. Ralph Closed timelike curves are solutions to the equations of general relativity that permit the possibility of time travel. Ringbauer et al. experimentally emulate the quantum equivalent of these solutions to explore the nature of such phenomena, their implications and relationship to quantum mechanics. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5145 Physical Sciences  Theoretical physics  The palindromic DNA-bound USP/EcR nuclear receptor adopts an asymmetric organization with allosteric domain positioning Massimiliano Maletta, Igor Orlov, Pierre Roblin, Yannick Beck, Dino Moras, Isabelle M. L. Billas and Bruno P. Klaholz Nuclear receptors use DNA- and ligand-binding to regulate gene expression. Here, Maletta et al. report the first structural description of a full inverted repeat-bound nuclear receptor complex, which shows that the protein structure is asymmetric, despite the symmetry of the bound DNA. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5139 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Shared VH1-46 gene usage by pemphigus vulgaris autoantibodies indicates common humoral immune responses among patients Michael Jeffrey Cho, Agnes S.Y. Lo, Xuming Mao, Arielle R. Nagler, Christoph T. Ellebrecht, Eric M. Mukherjee, Christoph M. Hammers, Eun-Jung Choi, Preety M. Sharma, Mohamed Uduman, Hong Li, Ann H. Rux, Sara A. Farber, Courtney B. Rubin, Steven H. Kleinstein, Bruce S. Sachais, Marshall R. Posner, Lisa A. Cavacini and Aimee S. Payne Pemphingus vulgaris is known to be caused by anti-desmoglein 3 autoantibodies, but how these antibodies arise is not clear. Here, the authors show that VH gene usage is shared among patients and that few or no somatic mutations are required for these autoantibodies to acquire autoreactivity. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5167 Biological Sciences  Immunology  Vanillin formation from ferulic acid in Vanilla planifolia is catalysed by a single enzyme OPEN Nethaji J. Gallage, Esben H. Hansen, Rubini Kannangara, Carl Erik Olsen, Mohammed Saddik Motawia, Kirsten Jørgensen, Inger Holme, Kim Hebelstrup, Michel Grisoni and Birger Lindberg Møller Vanilla is derived from vanillin isolated from a vanillin-producing orchid, but the process is laborious, costly and results in a small yield. Here, the authors identified an enzyme from the orchid, Vanilla planifolia, that is able to catalyse the formation of vanillin and vanillin glucoside from ferulic acid and its glucoside in vitro, respectively. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5037 Biological Sciences  Biotechnology  Plant sciences  Disruption of astrocyte–vascular coupling and the blood–brain barrier by invading glioma cells Stacey Watkins, Stefanie Robel, Ian F. Kimbrough, Stephanie M. Robert, Graham Ellis-Davies and Harald Sontheimer Astrocytic endfeet maintain endothelial tight junctions that form the blood–brain barrier (BBB), which can be damaged by invading gliomas. Here, the authors show that this damage is due to the association of gliomas with existing vessels and the displacement of astrocytic endfeet. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5196 Biological Sciences  Cancer  Neuroscience  An elasto-mechanical unfeelability cloak made of pentamode metamaterials T. Bückmann, M. Thiel, M. Kadic, R. Schittny and M. Wegener Cloaking of a range of stimuli have been demonstrated in various metamaterials recently. Here, the authors report mechanical cloaking in a pentamode structure, leading to 'unfeelability' of a core in an elasto-mechanical core-shell system. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5130 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Interferon controls SUMO availability via the Lin28 and let-7 axis to impede virus replication Umut Sahin, Omar Ferhi, Xavier Carnec, Alessia Zamborlini, Laurent Peres, Florence Jollivet, Adeline Vitaliano-Prunier, Hugues de Thé and Valérie Lallemand-Breitenbach Protein modification by small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) proteins is associated with antiviral responses. Here, the authors show that interferons increase the level of expression of SUMO proteins via a let-7 microRNA-controlled mechanism, and this contributes to the antiviral effects of interferons. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5187 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Immunology  Virology  Pyrimidine-2,4,6-triones are a new class of voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channel activators OPEN Nadine J. Ortner, Gabriella Bock, David H.F. Vandael, Robert Mauersberger, Henning J. Draheim, Ronald Gust, Emilio Carbone, Petronel Tuluc and Jörg Striessnig Selective inhibitors of the L-type Ca2+ channel Cav1.3 are being developed as neuroprotective drugs. Here, Ortner et al. assess the pharmacological properties of a recently reported, selective Cav1.3 blocker and show that this agent is a Ca2+ channel activator. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4897 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  X-ray structure of a CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase membrane enzyme and insights into its catalytic mechanism Przemyslaw Nogly, Ivan Gushchin, Alina Remeeva, Ana M. Esteves, Nuno Borges, Pikyee Ma, Andrii Ishchenko, Sergei Grudinin, Ekaterina Round, Isabel Moraes, Valentin Borshchevskiy, Helena Santos, Valentin Gordeliy and Margarida Archer The CDP-alcohol phosphatidyltransferase family is involved in phospholipid biosynthesis. Here, Nogly et al. report the crystal structure of a bifunctional enzyme from this family, show that magnesium is required for enzymatic activity, and propose a structure-based catalytic mechanism. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5169 Biological Sciences  Biochemistry  Adipocytes arise from multiple lineages that are heterogeneously and dynamically distributed Joan Sanchez-Gurmaches and David A. Guertin Myf5 lineage precursor cells give rise to brown adipocytes. Here, the authors show that the Myf5 lineage, as well as the Pax3 lineage, contribute to white and brite mature adipocytes and describe the effects of Myf5 lineage-specific deletion of the insulin receptor on adipose tissue formation in mice. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5099 Biological Sciences  Developmental biology  Rydberg atoms in hollow-core photonic crystal fibres OPEN G. Epple, K. S. Kleinbach, T. G. Euser, N. Y. Joly, T. Pfau, P. St. J. Russell and R. Löw Rydberg atoms are appealing for sensing, atomic and quantum information studies, if they can be suitably integrated with optical devices. Towards this end, Epple et al. show that caesium-filled kagome-lattice hollow-core photonic crystal fibres provide a platform for fibre-based spectroscopy of Rydberg states. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5132 Physical Sciences  Atomic and molecular physics  Optical physics  Direct observation of lattice symmetry breaking at the hidden-order transition in URu2Si2 S. Tonegawa, S. Kasahara, T. Fukuda, K. Sugimoto, N. Yasuda, Y. Tsuruhara, D. Watanabe, Y. Mizukami, Y. Haga, T. D. Matsuda, E. Yamamoto, Y. Onuki, H. Ikeda, Y. Matsuda and T. Shibauchi In the heavy-fermion metal URu2Si2, direct evidence of symmetry change in the crystal structure at the hidden-order transition has been missing. Using synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements, Tonegawa et al. observe lattice symmetry breaking from the fourfold tetragonal to twofold orthorhombic structure. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5188 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  HOP2-MND1 modulates RAD51 binding to nucleotides and DNA Dmitry V. Bugreev, Fei Huang, Olga M. Mazina, Roberto J. Pezza, Oleg N. Voloshin, R. Daniel Camerini-Otero and Alexander V. Mazin The HOP2-MND1 heterodimer is essential for homologous recombination. Here, Bugreev et al. analyse its mechanism of action in vitro and show that HOP2-MND1 stabilizes an active conformation of Rad51, thus triggering DNA strand exchange. 19 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5198 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Self-assembly of colloid-cholesteric composites provides a possible route to switchable optical materials K. Stratford, O. Henrich, J. S. Lintuvuori, M. E. Cates and D. Marenduzzo Colloidal particles dispersed in liquid crystal hold promise for new functional materials with tunable elastic and electro-optic properties. Through simulations, Stratford et al. predict a new class of colloidal networks in a chiral liquid crystal host, which could guide the design of these materials. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms4954 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Inertio-elastic focusing of bioparticles in microchannels at high throughput Eugene J. Lim, Thomas J. Ober, Jon F. Edd, Salil P. Desai, Douglas Neal, Ki Wan Bong, Patrick S. Doyle, Gareth H. McKinley and Mehmet Toner Controlled manipulation of particles from very large volumes of fluid at high throughput is critical for many real-world applications. Here, the authors show bioparticle focusing in a microchannel for a previously unattained regime of inertio-elastic flow at Reynolds numbers up to 10,000. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5120 Physical Sciences  Fluids and plasma physics  Petawatt laser absorption bounded OPEN Matthew C. Levy, Scott C. Wilks, Max Tabak, Stephen B. Libby and Matthew G. Baring Petawatt laser-matter interactions could open the way to fusion energy or compact particular accelerators, but predicting the amount of light absorbed in these interactions is challenging. New analysis by Levy et al. reveals the theoretical upper and lower limits of this absorption. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5149 Physical Sciences  Fluids and plasma physics  Optical physics  Theoretical physics  Source identification of the Arctic sea ice proxy IP25 T. A. Brown, S. T. Belt, A. Tatarek and C. J. Mundy The organic geochemical biomarker IP25 has been widely applied in the reconstruction of Arctic sea ice, yet its source remains undetermined. Here, the authors report the identification of IP25 in common pan-Arctic sea ice diatoms, thus establishing its applicability as a palaeo Arctic sea ice proxy. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5197 Earth Sciences  Biogeochemistry  Climate science  Optically detected cross-relaxation spectroscopy of electron spins in diamond Hai-Jing Wang, Chang S. Shin, Scott J. Seltzer, Claudia E. Avalos, Alexander Pines and Vikram S. Bajaj In nanoscale magnetic resonance, the coupling with negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond—used as optical transducers—broadens the spectrum of the spin to detect. Wang et al. present a detection technique that resolves the spin spectra through optically detected cross-relaxation. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5135 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Atomic and molecular physics  Optical physics  Cell cycle transition from S-phase to G1 in Caulobacter is mediated by ancestral virulence regulators OPEN Coralie Fumeaux, Sunish Kumar Radhakrishnan, Silvia Ardissone, Laurence Théraulaz, Antonio Frandi, Daniel Martins, Jutta Nesper, Sören Abel, Urs Jenal and Patrick H. Viollier The bacterium Caulobacter crescentus divides asymmetrically to generate a replicative stalk cell and a quiescent swarmer cell. Fumeaux et al. show that MucR zinc-finger transcription factors, which regulate virulence in other species, also control re-entry into quiescence in Caulobacter. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5081 Biological Sciences  Cell biology  Microbiology  Molecular biology  Extremely confined gap surface-plasmon modes excited by electrons Søren Raza, Nicolas Stenger, Anders Pors, Tobias Holmgaard, Shima Kadkhodazadeh, Jakob B. Wagner, Kjeld Pedersen, Martijn Wubs, Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi and N. Asger Mortensen Electron energy-loss spectroscopy gives important information on plasmonic modes in metal nanostructures. Raza et al. use it to study the confined gap surface-plasmon modes in ultra-sharp convex grooves in gold and find asymmetric modes existing down to nanometre-sized gaps. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5125 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  Laser light triggers increased Raman amplification in the regime of nonlinear Landau damping S. Depierreux, V. Yahia, C. Goyon, G. Loisel, P. -E. Masson-Laborde, N. Borisenko, A. Orekhov, O. Rosmej, T. Rienecker and C. Labaune Stimulated Raman scattering is one of the methods being explored to generate ultrahigh intensity short laser pulses. Depierreux et al. explore a new regime, also relevant to inertial confinement thermonuclear fusion, in which nonlinear kinetic response of a hot plasma enhances Raman amplification. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5158 Physical Sciences  Fluids and plasma physics  Optical physics  Pattern recognition algorithm reveals how birds evolve individual egg pattern signatures Mary Caswell Stoddard, Rebecca M. Kilner and Christopher Town It is unclear how birds differentiate their own eggs from cuckoo's eggs that parasitize their nests. Here, the authors develop a computer vision tool that simulates how brains process pattern information and show that cuckoos' hosts have evolved unique egg patterns to distinguish their own eggs from a cuckoo's. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5117 Biological Sciences  Ecology  Zoology  Control of early seedling development by BES1/TPL/HDA19-mediated epigenetic regulation of ABI3 Hojin Ryu, Hyunwoo Cho, Wonsil Bae and Ildoo Hwang In plants, brassinosteroids (BR) counter the suppressive effect of abscisic acid (ABA) on early seedling development. Ryu et al. show that ABA regulator genes are suppressed by a complex containing the BR-activated protein BES1, a histone deacetylase, and the transcriptional corepressor TOPLESS. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5138 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Plant sciences  Functional links between stability and reactivity of strontium ruthenate single crystals during oxygen evolution Seo Hyoung Chang, Nemanja Danilovic, Kee-Chul Chang, Ram Subbaraman, Arvydas P. Paulikas, Dillon D. Fong, Matthew J. Highland, Peter M. Baldo, Vojislav R. Stamenkovic, John W. Freeland, Jeffrey A. Eastman and Nenad M. Markovic Understanding structure–function relationships at oxide-solution interfaces is highly desirable. Here, Chang et al. study the oxygen evolution reaction on strontium ruthenate single-crystal films in alkaline environments, and establish relationships between conductivity, stability and activity of the catalysts. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5191 Chemical Sciences  Catalysis  Materials science  Hidden one-dimensional spin modulation in a three-dimensional metal Yejun Feng, Jiyang Wang, A. Palmer, J. A. Aguiar, B. Mihaila, J.-Q. Yan, P. B. Littlewood and T. F. Rosenbaum Applying high pressures to a crystalline material usually dramatically alters its properties. Feng et al. now demonstrate, however, that antiferromagnetism in gadolinium-silicon is robust even under pressures that are large enough to compress the volume of the crystal by one seventh. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5218 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Enhanced carrier multiplication in engineered quasi-type-II quantum dots OPEN Claudiu M. Cirloganu, Lazaro A. Padilha, Qianglu Lin, Nikolay S. Makarov, Kirill A. Velizhanin, Hongmei Luo, Istvan Robel, Jeffrey M. Pietryga and Victor I. Klimov Carrier multiplication can improve the performance of solar cells, but its efficiency is still not high enough to considerably increase the power output of practical devices. Cirloganu et al. show that appropriately designed core-shell quantum dots can enhance the carrier multiplication yield four-fold. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5148 Physical Sciences  Nanotechnology  Optical physics  Template-mediated nano-crystallite networks in semiconducting polymers Sooncheol Kwon, Kilho Yu, Kyoungchun Kweon, Geunjin Kim, Junghwan Kim, Heejoo Kim, Yong-Ryun Jo, Bong-Joong Kim, Jehan Kim, Seoung Ho Lee and Kwanghee Lee The formation of a nano-crystalline pathway between the crystalline domains of conjugated polymers is crucial for their charge transport properties. Kwon et al. report a template-mediated crystallization approach at room temperature to improve charge mobility for printable electronics applications. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5183 Physical Sciences  Materials science  Nanotechnology  Organic chemistry  Interplay between trigger factor and other protein biogenesis factors on the ribosome Thomas Bornemann, Wolf Holtkamp and Wolfgang Wintermeyer Ribosome-associated protein biogenesis factors act during protein synthesis to facilitate modification, targeting and folding of the nascent polypeptide. Here, Bornemann et al. establish the dynamic interplay between these factors, thus providing new insight into the early steps of protein biogenesis. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5180 Biological Sciences  Biophysics  Magnetization amplified by structural disorder within nanometre-scale interface region OPEN Y. Murakami, K. Niitsu, T. Tanigaki, R. Kainuma, H. S. Park and D. Shindo Atomic disordering in antiphase boundary regions is believed to deteriorate ferromagnetic spin order in many alloys and compounds. Here, using electron microscopy, Murakami et al. report the unusual relationship between thermal antiphase boundaries and ferromagnetic spin order in Fe70Al30. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5133 Physical Sciences  Applied physics  Materials science  TOPLESS mediates brassinosteroid-induced transcriptional repression through interaction with BZR1 Eunkyoo Oh, Jia-Ying Zhu, Hojin Ryu, Ildoo Hwang and Zhi-Yong Wang The brassinosteroid hormone-sensitive transcription factor BZR1 controls plant development by both activating and repressing target gene expression. Oh et al. find that BZR1 inhibits gene expression by binding the transcriptional repressor TOPLESS through its ERF-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5140 Biological Sciences  Molecular biology  Plant sciences  Organic semiconductor density of states controls the energy level alignment at electrode interfaces OPEN Martin Oehzelt, Norbert Koch and Georg Heimel Understanding and being able to predict alignment between the electrode Fermi energy and the transport states in the organic semiconductor is important. Here, the authors report an electrostatic model, capable of reproducing the full range of interfacial energy level alignment regimes. 18 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5174 Physical Sciences  Condensed matter  Materials science  Physical chemistry    Nature Communications JOBS of the week Research Technician University of Sussex Postdoctoral Fellow Mayo Clinic Marie Curie Post-doctoral Fellowships Human Genetics Foundation Research Assistant King's College London Postdoctoral Fellow Welcome Trust Sanger Institue Research Fellow x 2 University of Aberdeen Bioinformatician University of Luxembourg Post Doctoral Fellow Emory University Research Fellow The University of Warwick Junior Researcher / Assistant Professor position Umeå University More Science jobs from Nature Communications EVENT 4th Monash Cardiovascular Symposium 06.10.14 Melbourne, Australia More science events from       Latest Corrigendum     Corrigendum: The seco-iridoid pathway from Catharanthus roseus Karel Miettinen, Lemeng Dong, Nicolas Navrot, Thomas Schneider, Vincent Burlat, Jacob Pollier, Lotte Woittiez, Sander van der Krol, Raphaël Lugan, Tina Ilc, Robert Verpoorte, Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey, Enrico Martinoia, Harro Bouwmeester, Alain Goossens, Johan Memelink and Danièle Werck-Reichhart 24 June 2014 | doi: 10.1038/ncomms5175 Biological Sciences  Bioengineering  Plant sciences      Advertisement Nature Structural & Molecular Biology  FOCUS ON UBIQUITIN  Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins have central roles in regulating cellular processes and homeostasis. 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