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| July 2014 Volume 10 Number 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
In this issue
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| NEWS AND VIEWS | Top | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diabetes: Predicting renal function decline in patients with T2DM George Jerums & Richard J. MacIsaac Published online: 27 May 2014 p381 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.75 A recent cohort study has shown that cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is associated with increased albuminuria and decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline and is predictive of a subsequent decline in eGFR. Could CAN be used to identify patients who are at increased risk of early decline in eGFR? Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reproductive endocrinology: Maternal and fetal insulin levels at birth in women with PCOS Renato Pasquali Published online: 06 May 2014 p382 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.61 Polycystic ovary syndrome is often associated with complications in pregnancy, which metformin does not seem to ameliorate. A recent study has investigated insulin levels in the umbilical venous blood (maternal levels) and umbilical arterial blood (fetal levels). The data seem to suggest the placenta is involved in insulin secretion during pregnancy. Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diabetes: Hypoglycaemia, emergency care and diabetes mellitus Amir Moheet & Elizabeth R. Seaquist Published online: 06 May 2014 p384 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.67 New research shows that insulin-related hypoglycaemia is responsible for >97,000 visits to emergency departments in the USA each year. Patients with diabetes mellitus aged >80 years have twice the rate of such visits than those in midlife, highlighting the need to improve management strategies for elderly patients with diabetes mellitus. Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thyroid gland: Do nuclear power plants increase the risk of thyroid cancer? Kiyohiko Mabuchi & Arthur B. Schneider Published online: 29 April 2014 p385 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.59 The major accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant has resulted in an increased risk of thyroid cancer in exposed individuals. A new report attempts to quantify the risk of thyroid cancer associated with living near nuclear facilities; however, the findings are inconclusive due to flaws in the study design. Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diabetes: Measuring interarm blood pressure differences in diabetes Gianfranco Parati & Alberto Zanchetti Published online: 03 June 2014 p387 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.80 Interarm differences in systolic blood pressure are associated with a significant risk of morbidity and mortality. A new study reports that these differences are frequently observed in patients with diabetes mellitus and recommends routine measurement of interarm blood pressure differences to improve diagnostic and prognostic stratification of these patients. Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Obesity: Paternal obesity—a risk factor for autism? Susan K. Murphy Published online: 03 June 2014 p389 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.81 The aetiology of autism-spectrum disorders is partly explained by genetic factors, but a substantial component is attributed to environmental exposures. New evidence suggests that paternal obesity increases the risk of having a child with autism, which raises the possibility that obesity-driven, autism-related shifts in epigenetic reprogramming occur during spermatogenesis. Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| REVIEWS | Top | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Glucocorticoids and fetal programming part 1: outcomes Vasilis G. Moisiadis & Stephen G. Matthews Published online: 27 May 2014 p391 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.73 The fetal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is particularly susceptible to long-term programming by glucocorticoids, which can have long-term effects. Here, the evidence regarding fetal programming of the HPA axis and behaviour in humans and animals after prenatal glucocorticoid exposure (either endogenous or synthetic) are discussed. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Glucocorticoids and fetal programming part 2: mechanisms Vasilis G. Moisiadis & Stephen G. Matthews Published online: 27 May 2014 p403 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.74 Fetal exposure to increased levels of glucocorticoids can lead to long-term 'programming' of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function and behaviours. This Review discusses the mechanisms underlying fetal glucocorticoid programming, including epigenetic modifications, as well as the mechanisms of transgenerational programming. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Insights from the Global Longitudinal Study of Osteoporosis in Women (GLOW) Nelson B. Watts Published online: 22 April 2014 p412 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.55 GLOW is a large-scale international study of osteoporosis in women. Here, Nelson Watts discusses the findings of the first 3 years of the GLOW study, including data on prevalence and incidence of fractures in different geographical regions, the predictive values of different sites of fracture and various comorbidities, and implications for appropriate therapy of individuals at risk. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aggressive pituitary adenomas—diagnosis and emerging treatments Antonio Di Ieva, Fabio Rotondo, Luis V. Syro, Michael D. Cusimano & Kalman Kovacs Published online: 13 May 2014 p423 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.64 The WHO classification of pituitary tumours (typical adenomas, atypical adenomas and pituitary carcinomas) does not distinguish between aggressive and nonaggressive tumours. This Review highlights the need to recognize aggressive pituitary adenomas as a distinct clinical entity, taking into account not only clinical behaviour, but also histopathological, molecular and radiological features. It also discusses promising biomarkers that might facilitate the early detection of clinically aggressive pituitary tumours and subsequent management of selected patients. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PERSPECTIVES | Top | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| OPINION Transition of care for adolescents with disorders of sex development Naomi S. Crouch & Sarah M. Creighton Published online: 20 May 2014 p436 | doi:10.1038/nrendo.2014.62 Transfer from paediatric to adult health-care services for individuals with a disorder of sex development has specific issues that can impede continuity of care. Here, Crouch and Creighton discuss these barriers, and propose that a long-term plan with psychological support at each stage of transition could ensure successful transfer for these patients. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| *Journal Citation Reports, Thomson, 2012. Nature Reviews Endocrinology was previously published as Nature Clinical Practice Endocrinology & Metabolism. |
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