| It is | No one is exempted in this country from paying certain taxes because he is a nobleman or a priest All duties and taxes are settled by the House of Commons whose power is greater than that of the Peers though inferior to it in dignity The spiritual as well as temporal Lords have the liberty to reject a Bill brought in by the Commons but they are not allowed to alter anything in it and must either pass or throw it out without restriction When the Bill has passed the Lords and is signed by the king then the whole nation pays every man in proportion to his revenue or estate not according to his title which would be absurd There is no such thing as an arbitrary subsidy or polltax but a real tax on the lands of all which an estimate was made in the reign of the famous King William III | this is |
| The landtax continues still upon the same foot though the revenue of the lands is increased Thus no one is tyrannised over and every one is easy The feet of the peasants are not bruised by wooden shoes they eat white bread are well clothed and are not afraid of increasing their stock of cattle nor of tiling their houses from any apprehension that their taxes will be raised the year follog The annual income of the estates of a great many commoners in England amounts to two livres and yet these do not think it beneath them to plough the lands which enrich them and on which they enjoy their liberty LETTER XON TRADE As trade enriched the citizens in England so it contributed to their dom and this dom on the other side extended their commerce whence arose the grandeur of the State Trade raised by insensible degrees the naval power which gives the English a superiority over the seas and they now are masters of very near two ships of war Posterity will very probably be surprised to hear that an island whose only produce is a little lead tin fullersearth and coarse wool should become so powerful by its commerce as to be able to send in three fleets at the same time to three different and far distanced parts of the globe One before Gibraltar conquered and still possessed by the English a second to Portobello to dispossess the King of Spain of the treasures of the West Indies and a third into the Baltic to prevent the Northern Powers from coming to an engagement At the time when Louis XIV made all Italy tremble and that his armies which had already possessed themselves of Savoy and Piedmont were upon the point of taking Turin Prince Eugene was obliged to march from the middle of Germany in order to succour Savoy Having no without which cities cannot be either taken or defended he addressed himself to some English merchants These at an hour and halfs warning lent him five s whereby he was enabled to deliver Turin and to beat the French after which he wrote the follog short letter to the persons who had disbursed him the abovementioned sums Gentlemen I have received your and flatter myself that I have laid it out to your satisfaction Such a circumstance as this raises a just pride in an English merchant and makes him presume not without some reason to compare himself to a Roman citizen and indeed a peers brother does not think traffic beneath him When the Lord Townshend was Minister of State a brother of his was content to be a City merchant and at the time that the Earl of Oxford governed Great Britain a younger brother was no more than a factor in Aleppo where he chose to live and where he died This custom which begins however to be laid aside appears monstrous to Germans vainly puffed up with their extraction These think it morally impossible that the son of an English peer should be no more than a rich and powerful citizen for all are princes in Germany There have been thirty highnesses of the same name all whose patrimony consisted only in their escutcheons and their pride In France the title of marquis is given gratis to any one who will accept of it and whosoever arrives at Paris from the midst of the most remote provinces with in his purse and a name terminating in ac or ille may strut about and cry Such a man as I! A man of my rank and figure! and may look down upon a trader with sovereign contempt whilst the trader on the other side by thus often hearing his profession treated so disdainfully is fool enough to blush at it However I need not say which is most useful to a nation a lord powdered in the tip of the mode who knows exactly at what oclock the king rises and goes to bed and who gives himself airs of grandeur and state at the same time that he is acting the slave in the antechamber of a prime minister or a merchant who enriches his country despatches orders from his countinghouse to Surat and Grand Cairo and contributes to the wellbeing of the world | ||
1577 E Wood Glen Road Sandy, UT 84092 |
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2015/08/22
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