Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 15 September 2015

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15 September 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Collaborative diagnostic assay development & validation Co-develop your RNA, DNA or protein based diagnostics (ideally in oncology, infectious diseases & pharmacogenomics) or enabling technologies. MRCT is a life science medial research charity committed to improving the odds for patients. Click to learn more         Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences               Biological Sciences ▲ top               The role of mRNA and protein stability in the function of coupled positive and negative feedback systems in eukaryotic cells ▶     Kristian Moss Bendtsen, Mogens H. Jensen, Sandeep Krishna et al.     Oscillators and switches are important elements of regulation in biological systems. These are composed of coupling negative feedback loops, which cause oscillations when …             Evolution of periodicity in periodical cicadas ▶     Hiromu Ito, Satoshi Kakishima, Takashi Uehara et al.     Periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.) in the USA are famous for their unique prime-numbered life cycles of 13 and 17 years and their nearly perfectly synchronized mass emergences. …             Lyophilization protects [FeFe]-hydrogenases against O2-induced H-cluster degradation ▶     Jens Noth, Ramona Kositzki, Kathrin Klein et al.     Nature has developed an impressive repertoire of metal-based enzymes that perform complex chemical reactions under moderate conditions. Catalysts that produce molecular hydrogen …             A spheroid toxicity assay using magnetic 3D bioprinting and real-time mobile device-based imaging ▶     Hubert Tseng, Jacob A. Gage, Tsaiwei Shen et al.     An ongoing challenge in biomedical research is the search for simple, yet robust assays using 3D cell cultures for toxicity screening. This study addresses that challenge with a …             Living without DAT: Loss and compensation of the dopamine transporter gene in sauropsids (birds and reptiles) ▶     P. V. Lovell, B. Kasimi, J. Carleton et al.     The dopamine transporter (DAT) is a major regulator of synaptic dopamine (DA) availability. It plays key roles in motor control and motor learning, memory formation, and …             Emotional attention capture by facial expressions ▶     Reiko Sawada, Wataru Sato     Previous studies have shown that emotional facial expressions capture visual attention. However, it has been unclear whether attentional modulation is attributable to their …             In silico modeling of spore inhalation reveals fungal persistence following low dose exposure ▶     Reiko J. Tanaka, Neville J. Boon, Katarina Vrcelj et al.     The human lung is constantly exposed to spores of the environmental mould Aspergillus fumigatus, a major opportunistic pathogen. The spectrum of resultant disease is the outcome …             Interrogation of the intersubunit interface of the open Hv1 proton channel with a probe of allosteric coupling ▶     Liang Hong, Vikrant Singh, Heike Wulff et al.     The Hv1 voltage-gated proton channel is a dimeric complex consisting of two voltage-sensing domains (VSDs), each containing a gated proton permeation pathway. Dimerization is …             Elephants born in the high stress season have faster reproductive ageing ▶     Hannah S. Mumby, Khyne U. Mar, Adam D. Hayward et al.     Senescent declines in reproduction and survival are found across the tree of life, but little is known of the factors causing individual variation in reproductive ageing rates. …             A feasibility study of multi-site,intracellular recordings from mammalian neurons by extracellular gold mushroom-shaped microelectrodes ▶     Silviya M. Ojovan, Noha Rabieh, Nava Shmoel et al.     The development of multi-electrode array platforms for large scale recording of neurons is at the forefront of neuro-engineering research efforts. Recently we demonstrated, at …             Superresolution Pattern Recognition Reveals the Architectural Map of the Ciliary Transition Zone ▶     T. Tony Yang, Jimmy Su, Won-Jing Wang et al.     The transition zone (TZ) of primary cilia serves as a diffusion barrier to regulate ciliogenesis and receptor localization for key signaling events such as sonic hedgehog …             Putting on the brakes: Bacterial impediment of wound healing ▶     Kimberly M. Brothers, Nicholas A. Stella, Kristin M. Hunt et al.     The epithelium provides a crucial barrier to infection, and its integrity requires efficient wound healing. Bacterial cells and secretomes from a subset of tested species of …             Electro-magnetic field promotes osteogenic differentiation of BM-hMSCs through a selective action on Ca2+-related mechanisms ▶     Loredana Petecchia, Francesca Sbrana, Roberto Utzeri et al.     Exposure to Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) has been shown to affect proliferation and differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow stroma …             Direct production of XY−DMY− sex reversal female medaka (Oryzias latipes) by embryo microinjection of TALENs ▶     Daji Luo, Yun Liu, Ji Chen et al.     Medaka is an ideal model for sex determination and sex reversal, such as XY phenotypically female patients in humans. Here, we assembled improved TALENs targeting the DMY gene …             Metalloprotease OMA1 Fine-tunes Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Function and Respiratory Supercomplex Stability ▶     Iryna Bohovych, Mario R. Fernandez, Jennifer J. Rahn et al.     Mitochondria are involved in key cellular functions including energy production, metabolic homeostasis, and apoptosis. Normal mitochondrial function is preserved by several …             The metabolic response of marine copepods to environmental warming and ocean acidification in the absence of food ▶     Daniel J. Mayor, Ulf Sommer, Kathryn B. Cook et al.     Marine copepods are central to the productivity and biogeochemistry of marine ecosystems. Nevertheless, the direct and indirect effects of climate change on their metabolic …             Alteration in Nuclear Factor-KappaB Pathway and Functionality of Estrogen via Receptors Promote Neuroinflammation in Frontal Cortex after 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine Treatment ▶     Soham Mitra, Nabanita Ghosh, Priyobrata Sinha et al.     The MPTP mediated neurodegeneration in substantia nigra has been well studied, but not the status of frontal cortex. The novelty of the present study is to explore the sex …             Amino Acid Polymorphisms in Hepatitis C Virus Core Affect Infectious Virus Production and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Molecule Expression ▶     Megumi Tasaka-Fujita, Nao Sugiyama, Wonseok Kang et al.     Amino acid (aa) polymorphisms in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b core protein have been reported to be a potent predictor for poor response to interferon (IFN)-based …             In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Synergism between Anti-Tubercular Spectinamides and Non-Classical Tuberculosis Antibiotics ▶     David F. Bruhn, Michael S. Scherman, Jiuyu Liu et al.     Spectinamides are new semi-synthetic spectinomycin derivatives with potent anti-tubercular activity. The reported synergism of the precursor spectinomycin with other antibiotics …             A Tubing-Free Microfluidic Wound Healing Assay Enabling the Quantification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration ▶     Yuanchen Wei, Feng Chen, Tao Zhang et al.     This paper presents a tubing-free microfluidic wound healing assay to quantify the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), where gravity was used to generate a laminar …             A novel gap-PCR with high resolution melting analysis for the detection of α-thalassaemia Southeast Asian and Filipino β0-thalassaemia deletion ▶     Siew Leng Kho, Kek Heng Chua, Elizabeth George et al.     Homozygosity for the α-thalassaemia Southeast Asian (α-SEA) and Filipino β0-thalassaemia (β-FIL) deletions can cause serious complications leading to foetal death or life-long …             Stepwise substrate translocation mechanism revealed by free energy calculations of doxorubicin in the multidrug transporter AcrB ▶     Zhicheng Zuo, Beibei Wang, Jingwei Weng et al.     AcrB is the inner membrane transporter of the tripartite multidrug efflux pump AcrAB-TolC in E. coli, which poses a major obstacle to the treatment of bacterial infections. X-ray …             Comprehensive urinary metabolomic profiling and identification of potential noninvasive marker for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease ▶     Hemi Luan, Liang-Feng Liu, Zhi Tang et al.     Urine metabolic phenotyping has been associated with the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, few studies using a comprehensive metabolomics approach have …             Predicting Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome Following Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass based on Intraoperative Perfusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging ▶     Defeng Wang, Fengping Zhu, Ka Ming Fung et al.     Moyamoya disease leads to the formation of stenosis in the cerebrovasculature. A superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass is an effective treatment …             Experimental evaluation of the zoonotic infection potency of simian retrovirus type 4 using humanized mouse model ▶     Kei Sato, Tomoko Kobayashi, Naoko Misawa et al.     During 2001-2002 and 2008-2011, two epidemic outbreaks of infectious hemorrhagic disease have been found in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in Kyoto University Primate …             IP3R deficit underlies loss of salivary fluid secretion in Sjögren’s Syndrome ▶     Leyla Y. Teos, Yu Zhang, Ana P. Cotrim et al.     The autoimmune exocrinopathy, Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), is associated with secretory defects in patients, including individuals with mild lymphocytic infiltration and minimal …             Supersensitive detection and discrimination of enantiomers by dorsal olfactory receptors: evidence for hierarchical odour coding ▶     Takaaki Sato, Reiko Kobayakawa, Ko Kobayakawa et al.     Enantiomeric pairs of mirror-image molecular structures are difficult to resolve by instrumental analyses. The human olfactory system, however, discriminates (−)-wine lactone …             Different expression domains for two closely related amphibian TAARs generate a bimodal distribution similar to neuronal responses to amine odors ▶     Adnan S. Syed, Alfredo Sansone, Sebastian Röner et al.     Olfactory perception is mediated by a multitude of olfactory receptors, whose expression in the sensory surface, the olfactory epithelium, is spatially regulated. A common theme …             VirtualMicroscopy: ultra-fast interactive microscopy of gigapixel/terapixel images over internet ▶     Ching-Wei Wang, Cheng-Ta Huang, Chu-Mei Hung     As digital imaging technology advances, gigapixel or terapixel super resolution microscopic images become available. We have built a real time virtual microscopy technique for …             Updating stored memory requires adult hippocampal neurogenesis ▶     Irene Suárez-Pereira, Ángel M Carrión     Adult hippocampal neurogenesis appears to influence hippocampal functions, such as memory formation for example. While adult hippocampal neurogenesis is known to be involved in …             Content of intrinsic disorder influences the outcome of cell-free protein synthesis ▶     Alexander A. Tokmakov, Atsushi Kurotani, Mariko Ikeda et al.     Cell-free protein synthesis is used to produce proteins with various structural traits. Recent bioinformatics analyses indicate that more than half of eukaryotic proteins possess …             Development of a robust DNA damage model including persistent telomere-associated damage with application to secondary cancer risk assessment ▶     Soheil Rastgou Talemi, Gabriel Kollarovic, Anastasiya Lapytsko et al.     Mathematical modelling has been instrumental to understand kinetics of radiation-induced DNA damage repair and associated secondary cancer risk. The widely accepted two-lesion …             EGFR gene methylation is not involved in Royalactin controlled phenotypic polymorphism in honey bees ▶     R. Kucharski, S. Foret, R. Maleszka     The 2011 highly publicised Nature paper by Kamakura on honeybee phenotypic dimorphism, (also using Drosophila as an experimental surrogate), claims that a single protein in royal …             Transcriptome-wide analysis of chromium-stress responsive microRNAs to explore miRNA-mediated regulatory networks in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) ▶     Wei Liu, Liang Xu, Yan Wang et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that play pivotal roles in plant growth, development and stress response. Chromium (Cr) is one of common environmental contaminants …             Photosystem I cyclic electron flow via chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex performs a physiological role for photosynthesis at low light ▶     Wataru Yamori, Toshiharu Shikanai, Amane Makino     Cyclic electron transport around photosystem I (PS I) was discovered more than a half-century ago and two pathways have been identified in angiosperms. Although substantial …             Sleep patterns in Amazon rubber tappers with and without electric light at home ▶     C. R. C. Moreno, S. Vasconcelos, E. C. Marqueze et al.     Today’s modern society is exposed to artificial electric lighting in addition to the natural light-dark cycle. Studies assessing the impact of electric light exposure on sleep …             Comparative Proteomic Insights into the Lactate Responses of Halophilic Salinicoccus roseus W12 ▶     Hongyan Wang, Limin Wang, Han Yang et al.     Extremophiles use adaptive mechanisms to survive in extreme environments, which is of great importance for several biotechnological applications. A halophilic strain, …             Discovery of a monophagous true predator, a specialist termite-eating spider (Araneae: Ammoxenidae) ▶     Lenka Petráková, Eva Líznarová, Stano Pekár et al.     True predators are characterised by capturing a number of prey items during their lifetime and by being generalists. Some true predators are facultative specialists, but very few …             Magnetic Particle Imaging tracks the long-term fate of in vivo neural cell implants with high image contrast ▶     Bo Zheng, Tandis Vazin, Patrick W. Goodwill et al.     We demonstrate that Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) enables monitoring of cellular grafts with high contrast, sensitivity, and quantitativeness. MPI directly detects the intense …             Selective Negative Allosteric Modulation Of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors – A Structural Perspective of Ligands and Mutants ▶     Kasper Harpsøe, Vignir Isberg, Benjamin G. Tehan et al.     The metabotropic glutamate receptors have a wide range of modulatory functions in the central nervous system. They are among the most highly pursued drug targets, with relevance …             Interaction of dendritic cells and T lymphocytes for the therapeutic effect of Dangguiliuhuang decoction to autoimmune diabetes ▶     Tingting Liu, Hui Cao, Yachun Ji et al.     In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Dangguiliuhuang decoction (DGLHD) is an effective treatment of autoimmune diabetes. Here, we studied potential anti-diabetic mechanisms of …             Deleterious Germline BLM Mutations and the Risk for Early-onset Colorectal Cancer ▶     Richarda M. de Voer, Marc-Manuel Hahn, Arjen R. Mensenkamp et al.     Bloom syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by chromosomal instability and increased cancer risk, caused by biallelic mutations in the RECQL-helicase gene BLM…             Screening for recombinants of Crambe abyssynica after transformation by the pMF1 marker-free vector based on chemical selection and meristematic regeneration ▶     Weicong Qi, Iris E. M. Tinnenbroek-Capel, Elma M. J. Salentijn et al.     The T-DNA region of pMF1 vector of marker-free system developed by Wageningen UR, has Recombinase R-LBD gene fusion and nptII and codA gene fusion between two recombination …             One, two or three? Probing the stoichiometry of membrane proteins by single-molecule localization microscopy ▶     Franziska Fricke, Joel Beaudouin, Roland Eils et al.     Probing the oligomeric state of abundant molecules, such as membrane proteins in intact cells, is essential, but has not been straightforward. We address this challenge with a …             Pointing and pantomime in wild apes? Female bonobos use referential and iconic gestures to request genito-genital rubbing ▶     Pamela Heidi Douglas, Liza R. Moscovice     Referential and iconic gesturing provide a means to flexibly and intentionally share information about specific entities, locations, or goals. The extent to which nonhuman …             Learning to distinguish between predators and non-predators: understanding the critical role of diet cues and predator odours in generalisation ▶     Matthew D. Mitchell, Douglas P. Chivers, Mark I. McCormick et al.     It is critical for prey to recognise predators and distinguish predators from non-threatening species. Yet, we have little understanding of how prey develop effective predator …             In-depth proteomic analysis of Varroa destructor: Detection of DWV-complex, ABPV, VdMLV and honeybee proteins in the mite ▶     Tomas Erban, Karel Harant, Martin Hubalek et al.     We investigated pathogens in the parasitic honeybee mite Varroa destructor using nanoLC-MS/MS (TripleTOF) and 2D-E-MS/MS proteomics approaches supplemented with …             Hydrogen sulfide modulates cadmium-induced physiological and biochemical responses to alleviate cadmium toxicity in rice ▶     Mohammad Golam Mostofa, Anisur Rahman, Md. Mesbah Uddin Ansary et al.     We investigated the physiological and biochemical mechanisms by which H2S mitigates the cadmium stress in rice. Results revealed that cadmium exposure resulted in growth …             Interaction of HSP20 with a viral RdRp changes its sub-cellular localization and distribution pattern in plants ▶     Jing Li, Cong-Ying Xiang, Jian Yang et al.     Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) perform a fundamental role in protecting cells against a wide array of stresses but their biological function during viral infection remains …             Proteomic analysis of embryonic kidney development: Heterochromatin proteins as epigenetic regulators of nephrogenesis ▶     Gry H. Dihazi, Olaf Jahn, Björn Tampe et al.     Elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the nephrogenesis will boost enormously the regenerative medicine. Here we performed 2-D gel-based comparative proteome analyses of rat …             Particle dynamics and deposition in true-scale pulmonary acinar models ▶     Rami Fishler, Philipp Hofemeier, Yael Etzion et al.     Particle transport phenomena in the deep alveolated airways of the lungs (i.e. pulmonary acinus) govern deposition outcomes following inhalation of hazardous or pharmaceutical …             Plasma Levels of High Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T in Adults with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot ▶     Clare T. M. Lai, Sophia J. Wong, Janice J. K. Ip et al.     Detectable low circulating level of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) may reflect subclinical myocardial injury. We tested the hypothesis that circulating levels of hs-cTnT are altered …             Non-Classical monocytes display inflammatory features: Validation in Sepsis and Systemic Lupus Erythematous ▶     Ratnadeep Mukherjee, Pijus Kanti Barman, Pravat Kumar Thatoi et al.     Given the importance of monocytes in pathogenesis of infectious and other inflammatory disorders, delineating functional and phenotypic characterization of monocyte subsets has …             Endofin, a novel BMP-SMAD regulator of the iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin ▶     Justin B. Goh, Daniel F. Wallace, Wanjin Hong et al.     BMP-SMAD signalling plays a crucial role in numerous biological processes including embryonic development and iron homeostasis. Dysregulation of the iron-regulatory hormone …             Experimental study of the protective effects of SYVN1 against diabetic retinopathy ▶     Shuo Yang, Heng He, Qi Si Ma et al.     Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). While many studies have focused on genes that increase susceptibility to DR, herein, we …             Novel WT1 Missense Mutations in Han Chinese Women with Premature Ovarian Failure ▶     Huidan Wang, Guangyu Li, Jun Zhang et al.     Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a heterogeneous disease. Though dozens of candidate genes have been identified for the genetic etiology of POF, it is largely unexplained in …             An isomorphous replacement method for efficient de novo phasing for serial femtosecond crystallography ▶     Keitaro Yamashita, Dongqing Pan, Tomohiko Okuda et al.     Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) with X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) holds great potential for structure determination of challenging proteins that are not amenable …             Detection of Langat virus by TaqMan real-time one-step qRT-PCR method ▶     Siti Fatimah Muhd Radzi, Claudia Rückert, Sing-Sin Sam et al.     Langat virus (LGTV), one of the members of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) complex, was firstly isolated from Ixodes granulatus ticks in Malaysia. However, the …             Hyperinsulinemia shifted energy supply from glucose to ketone bodies in early nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from high-fat high-sucrose diet induced Bama minipigs ▶     Shu-lin Yang, Ji-han Xia, Yuan-yuan Zhang et al.     The minipig can serve as a good pharmacological model for human subjects. However, the long-term pathogenesis of high-calorie diet-induced metabolic syndromes, including NASH, …             Novel hemagglutinating, hemolytic and cytotoxic activities of the intermediate subunit of Entamoeba histolytica lectin ▶     Kentaro Kato, Kazuhide Yahata, Bhim Gopal Dhoubhadel et al.     Galactose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (Gal/GalNAc) inhibitable lectin of Entamoeba histolytica, a common protozoan parasite, has roles in pathogenicity and induction of …             Large-scale phylogenetic analyses reveal multiple gains of actinorhizal nitrogen-fixing symbioses in angiosperms associated with climate change ▶     Hong-Lei Li, Wei Wang, Peter E. Mortimer et al.     Nitrogen is fundamental to all life forms and is also one of the most limiting of nutrients for plant growth. Several clades of angiosperms have developed symbiotic relationships …             The Janus face of Darwinian competition ▶     Arend Hintze, Nathaniel Phillips, Ralph Hertwig     Without competition, organisms would not evolve any meaningful physical or cognitive abilities. Competition can thus be understood as the driving force behind Darwinian …             Systematic stereoscopic analyses for cloacal development: The origin of anorectal malformations ▶     Daisuke Matsumaru, Aki Murashima, Junichi Fukushima et al.     The division of the embryonic cloaca is the most essential event for the formation of digestive and urinary tracts. The defective development of the cloaca results in anorectal …             Proton beam radiation induces DNA damage and cell apoptosis in glioma stem cells through reactive oxygen species ▶     R. Alan Mitteer, Yanling Wang, Jennifer Shah et al.     Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is among the most lethal of human malignancies. Most GBM tumors are refractory to cytotoxic therapies. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) significantly …             Structural Heterogeneity of Mitochondria Induced by the Microtubule Cytoskeleton ▶     Valerii M. Sukhorukov, Michael Meyer-Hermann     By events of fusion and fission mitochondria generate a partially interconnected, irregular network of poorly specified architecture. Here, its organization is examined …             Parallel molecular routes to cold adaptation in eight genera of New Zealand stick insects ▶     Alice B. Dennis, Luke T. Dunning, Brent J. Sinclair et al.     The acquisition of physiological strategies to tolerate novel thermal conditions allows organisms to exploit new environments. As a result, thermal tolerance is a key determinant …             Relationships of wild and domesticated rices (Oryza AA genome species) based upon whole chloroplast genome sequences ▶     Peterson W. Wambugu, Marta Brozynska, Agnelo Furtado et al.     Rice is the most important crop in the world, acting as the staple food for over half of the world’s population. The evolutionary relationships of cultivated rice and its wild …             High-throughput sequencing and morphology perform equally well for benthic monitoring of marine ecosystems ▶     Franck Lejzerowicz, Philippe Esling, Loïc Pillet et al.     Environmental diversity surveys are crucial for the bioassessment of anthropogenic impacts on marine ecosystems. Traditional benthic monitoring relying on morphotaxonomic …             Hybridization between alien species Rumex obtusifolius and closely related native vulnerable species R. longifolius in a mountain tourist destination ▶     Koichi Takahashi, Masaaki Hanyu     Alien species expand their distribution by transportation network development. Hybridization between alien species Rumex obtusifolius and closely related native vulnerable …             Direct label-free measurement of the distribution of small molecular weight compound inside thick biological tissue using coherent Raman microspectroscopy ▶     Masahiko Kawagishi, Yuki Obara, Takayuki Suzuki et al.     Distributions of small molecular weight (less than 300 Da) compounds inside biological tissue have been obscure because of the lack of appropriate methods to measure them. …             Generation of gene-modified goats targeting MSTN and FGF5 via zygote injection of CRISPR/Cas9 system ▶     Xiaolong Wang, Honghao Yu, Anmin Lei et al.     Recent advances in the study of the CRISPR/Cas9 system have provided a precise and versatile approach for genome editing in various species. However, the applicability and …             Hexavalent chromium induces apoptosis in male somatic and spermatogonial stem cells via redox imbalance ▶     Joydeep Das, Min-Hee Kang, Eunsu Kim et al.     Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], an environmental toxicant, causes severe male reproductive abnormalities. However, the actual mechanisms of toxicity are not clearly understood and …             Turnover of the actomyosin complex in zebrafish embryos directs geometric remodelling and the recruitment of lipid droplets ▶     Asmita Dutta, Deepak Kumar Sinha     Lipid droplets (LDs), reservoirs of cholesterols and fats, are organelles that hydrolyse lipids in the cell. In zebrafish embryos, the actomyosin complex and filamentous …             Loss of G2 subunit of vacuolar-type proton transporting ATPase leads to G1 subunit upregulation in the brain ▶     Nobuyuki Kawamura, Ge-Hong Sun-Wada, Yoh Wada     Vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase) is a primary proton pump with versatile functions in various tissues. In nerve cells, V-ATPase is required for accumulation of neurotransmitters …             Characterization of exogenous DNA mobility in live cells through fluctuation correlation spectroscopy ▶     Stephen Mieruszynski, Michelle A. Digman, Enrico Gratton et al.     The spatial-temporal dynamics of delivered DNA is a critical aspect influencing successful gene delivery. A comprehensive model of DNA lipoplex trafficking through live cells has …             InbR, a TetR family regulator, binds with isoniazid and influences multidrug resistance in Mycobacterium bovis BCG ▶     Min Yang, Chun-Hui Gao, Jialing Hu et al.     Isoniazid (INH), an anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug, has been widely used for nearly 60 years. However, the pathway through which Mycobacterium tuberculosis responds INH remain …             Transdermal neuromodulation of noradrenergic activity suppresses psychophysiological and biochemical stress responses in humans ▶     William J. Tyler, Alyssa M. Boasso, Hailey M. Mortimore et al.     We engineered a transdermal neuromodulation approach that targets peripheral (cranial and spinal) nerves and utilizes their afferent pathways as signaling conduits to influence …             Teaching brain-machine interfaces as an alternative paradigm to neuroprosthetics control ▶     Iñaki Iturrate, Ricardo Chavarriaga, Luis Montesano et al.     Brain-machine interfaces (BMI) usually decode movement parameters from cortical activity to control neuroprostheses. This requires subjects to learn to modulate their brain …             Rhein antagonizes P2X7 receptor in rat peritoneal macrophages ▶     Fen Hu, Fulin Xing, Ge Zhu et al.     P2X7 receptor plays important roles in inflammation and immunity, and thereby it serves as a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases. Rhein, an anthraquinone …             Suppressing Nitrite-oxidizing Bacteria Growth to Achieve Nitrogen Removal from Domestic Wastewater via Anammox Using Intermittent Aeration with Low Dissolved Oxygen ▶     Bin Ma, Peng Bao, Yan Wei et al.     Achieving nitrogen removal from domestic wastewater using anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has the potential to make wastewater treatment energy-neutral or even …             Conversations between self and self as Sigmund Freud—A virtual body ownership paradigm for self counselling ▶     Sofia Adelaide Osimo, Rodrigo Pizarro, Bernhard Spanlang et al.     When people see a life-sized virtual body (VB) from first person perspective in virtual reality they are likely to have the perceptual illusion that it is their body. …             GSTP1 and GSTO1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and the response of bladder cancer patients to intravesical chemotherapy ▶     Xiaheng Deng, Xiao Yang, Yidong Cheng et al.     SNPs may restrict cell detoxification activity and be a potential risk factor for cancer chemosensitivity. We evaluated the predictive value of these polymorphisms on the …             EGFR Exon 18 Mutations in East Asian Patients with Lung Adenocarcinomas: A Comprehensive Investigation of Prevalence, Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Prognosis ▶     Chao Cheng, Rui Wang, Yuan Li et al.     Our aim was to investigate the clinical and pathologic characteristics of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 18 mutations in East Asian lung adenocarcinomas …             Transfer of regulatory T cells into abortion-prone mice promotes the expansion of uterine mast cells and normalizes early pregnancy angiogenesis ▶     Katja Woidacki, Nicole Meyer, Anne Schumacher et al.     Implantation of the fertilized egg depends on the coordinated interplay of cells and molecules that prepare the uterus for this important event. In particular, regulatory T cells …             Mortality from contact-related epidemics among indigenous populations in Greater Amazonia ▶     Robert S. Walker, Lisa Sattenspiel, Kim R. Hill     European expansion and contact with indigenous populations led to catastrophic depopulation primarily through the introduction of novel infectious diseases to which native …             Early maternal relational traumatic experiences and psychopathological symptoms: a longitudinal study on mother-infant and father-infant interactions ▶     Renata Tambelli, Silvia Cimino, Luca Cerniglia et al.     Early maternal relational traumas and psychopathological risk can have an impact on mother-infant interactions. Research has suggested the study of fathers and of their …             Molecular Basis for the Regulation of Transcriptional Coactivator p300 in Myogenic Differentiation ▶     Jihong Chen, Yingjian Wang, Munerah Hamed et al.     Skeletal myogenesis is a highly ordered process which specifically depends on the function of transcriptional coactivator p300. Previous studies have established that Akt/protein …             Facile Discovery of a Diverse Panel of Anti-Ebola Virus Antibodies by Immune Repertoire Mining ▶     Bo Wang, Christien A. Kluwe, Oana I. Lungu et al.     The ongoing evolution of Ebolaviruses poses significant challenges to the development of immunodiagnostics for detecting emergent viral variants. There is a critical need for the …             Deletion of integrin α7 subunit does not aggravate the phenotype of laminin α2 chain-deficient mice ▶     Kinga I. Gawlik, Madeleine Durbeej     Laminin-211 is a major constituent of the skeletal muscle basement membrane, exerting its biological functions by binding to cell surface receptors integrin α7β1 and dystroglycan …             Monoamine content during the reproductive cycle of Perna perna depends on site of origin on the Atlantic Coast of Morocco ▶     Mounia S. Klouche, Philippe De Deurwaerdère, Françoise Dellu-Hagedorn et al.     Bivalve molluscs such as Perna perna display temporal cycles of reproduction that result from the complex interplay between endogenous and exogenous signals. The monoamines …             Structural basis of redox-dependent substrate binding of protein disulfide isomerase ▶     Maho Yagi-Utsumi, Tadashi Satoh, Koichi Kato     Protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is a multidomain enzyme, operating as an essential folding catalyst, in which the b′ and a′ domains provide substrate binding sites and undergo …             Photo-activatable Cre recombinase regulates gene expression in vivo ▶     Suzanne E. Schindler, Jordan G. McCall, Ping Yan et al.     Techniques allowing precise spatial and temporal control of gene expression in the brain are needed. Herein we describe optogenetic approaches using a photo-activatable Cre …             Bacteriophages of wastewater foaming-associated filamentous Gordonia reduce host levels in raw activated sludge ▶     Mei Liu, Jason J. Gill, Ry Young et al.     Filamentous bacteria are a normal and necessary component of the activated sludge wastewater treatment process, but the overgrowth of filamentous bacteria results in foaming and …             Comparison of digital PCR platforms and semi-nested qPCR as a tool to determine the size of the HIV reservoir ▶     K. J. Bosman, M. Nijhuis, P. M. van Ham et al.     HIV persists in latently infected cells of patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). This persistent proviral DNA reservoir is an important predictor of viral rebound upon …             Contribution and distribution of inorganic ions and organic compounds to the osmotic adjustment in Halostachys caspica response to salt stress ▶     Youling Zeng, Ling Li, Ruirui Yang et al.     The mechanism by which plants cope with salt stress remains poorly understood. The goal of this study is to systematically investigate the contribution and distribution of …             Sustained low abscisic acid levels increase seedling vigor under cold stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) ▶     Ryosuke Mega, Ayano Meguro-Maoka, Akira Endo et al.     Stress-induced abscisic acid (ABA) is mainly catabolized by ABA 8′-hydroxylase (ABA8ox), which also strictly regulates endogenous ABA levels. Although three members of the ABA8ox …             Quantifying the heritability of testicular germ cell tumour using both population-based and genomic approaches ▶     Kevin Litchfield, Hauke Thomsen, Jonathan S. Mitchell et al.     A sizable fraction of testicular germ cell tumour (TGCT) risk is expected to be explained by heritable factors. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully …             Discovery of a series of novel phenylpiperazine derivatives as EGFR TK inhibitors ▶     Juan Sun, Xin-Yi Wang, Peng-Cheng Lv et al.     Human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important drug target that plays a fundamental role in signal transduction pathways in oncology. We report herein the …             New horizon for high performance Mg-based biomaterial with uniform degradation behavior: Formation of stacking faults ▶     Jinghuai Zhang, Chi Xu, Yongbin Jing et al.     Designing the new microstructure is an effective way to accelerate the biomedical application of magnesium (Mg) alloys. In this study, a novel Mg–8Er–1Zn alloy with profuse …             DNA methyltransferase 3A promotes cell proliferation by silencing CDK inhibitor p18INK4C in gastric carcinogenesis ▶     He Cui, Chengcheng Zhao, Pihai Gong et al.     Little is known about the roles of DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) in gastric carcinogenesis. Here, we reported that the exogenous expression of DNMT3A promoted gastric cancer …             An eigenvalue transformation technique for predicting drug-target interaction ▶     Qifan Kuang, Xin Xu, Rong Li et al.     The prediction of drug-target interactions is a key step in the drug discovery process, which serves to identify new drugs or novel targets for existing drugs. However, …             Epitopes in α8β1 and other RGD-binding integrins delineate classes of integrin-blocking antibodies and major binding loops in α subunits ▶     Norihisa Nishimichi, Nagako Kawashima, Yasuyuki Yokosaki     Identification of epitopes for integrin-blocking monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has aided our understanding of structure-function relationship of integrins. We mapped epitopes of …             Bioluminescence-mediated longitudinal monitoring of adipose-derived stem cells in a large mammal ex vivo organ culture ▶     Mirte Peeters, Sjoerd van Rijn, Pieter-Paul A. Vergroesen et al.     Recently, ex vivo three-dimensional organ culture systems have emerged to study the physiology and pathophysiology of human organs. These systems also have potential as a …             BACOM2.0 facilitates absolute normalization and quantification of somatic copy number alterations in heterogeneous tumor ▶     Yi Fu, Guoqiang Yu, Douglas A. Levine et al.     Most published copy number datasets on solid tumors were obtained from specimens comprised of mixed cell populations, for which the varying tumor-stroma proportions are unknown …             Microarray Profiling and Co-Expression Network Analysis of LncRNAs and mRNAs in Neonatal Rats Following Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Damage ▶     Fengyan Zhao, Yi Qu, Junyan Liu et al.     Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in cellular homeostasis. However, little is known about their effect in developing rat brains with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage …             Metabolomic alterations in human cancer cells by vitamin C-induced oxidative stress ▶     Megumi Uetaki, Sho Tabata, Fumie Nakasuka et al.     Intravenous administration of high-dose vitamin C has recently attracted attention as a cancer therapy. High-dose vitamin C induces pro-oxidant effects and selectively kills …             Development and Characterization of a Novel in vitro Progression Model for UVB-Induced Skin Carcinogenesis ▶     Nikhil Tyagi, Arun Bhardwaj, Sanjeev K. Srivastava et al.     Epidemiological studies suggest ultraviolet B (UVB) component (290–320 nm) of sun light is the most prevalent etiologic factor for skin carcinogenesis- a disease accounting for …             Irrational choice and the value of information ▶     Marco Vasconcelos, Tiago Monteiro, Alex Kacelnik     Irrational decision making in humans and other species challenges the use of optimality in behavioural biology. Here we show that such observations are in fact powerful tools to …             Control of regional decidualization in implantation: Role of FoxM1 downstream of Hoxa10 and cyclin D3 ▶     Fei Gao, Fenghua Bian, Xinghong Ma et al.     Appropriate regulation of regional uterine stromal cell decidualization in implantation, at the mesometrial triangle and secondary decidual zone (SDZ) locations, is critical for …             Rapid Bacterial Identification, Resistance, Virulence and Type Profiling using Selected Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry ▶     Yannick Charretier, Olivier Dauwalder, Christine Franceschi et al.     Mass spectrometry (MS) in Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) mode is proposed for in-depth characterisation of microorganisms in a multiplexed analysis. Within 60–80 minutes, the …             Identification of two novel mutations in CDHR1 in consanguineous Spanish families with autosomal recessive retinal dystrophy ▶     Konstantinos Nikopoulos, Almudena Avila-Fernandez, Marta Corton et al.     Inherited retinal dystrophies present extensive phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, posing a challenge for patients’ molecular and clinical diagnoses. In this study, we wanted …             Interaction of Piriformospora indica with Azotobacter chroococcum ▶     Soubhagya Kumar Bhuyan, Prasun Bandyopadhyay, Pramod Kumar et al.     Microbial communities in rhizosphere interact with each other and form a basis of a cumulative impact on plant growth. Rhizospheric microorganisms like Piriformospora indica and …             Increase in dicentric chromosome formation after a single CT scan in adults ▶     Yu Abe, Tomisato Miura, Mitsuaki A. Yoshida et al.     Excess risk of leukemia and brain tumors after CT scans in children has been reported. We performed dicentric chromosome assay (DCAs) before and after CT scan to assess effects …             Monocyte-derived macrophage assisted breast cancer cell invasion as a personalized, predictive metric to score metastatic risk ▶     Keon-Young Park, Gande Li, Manu O. Platt     Patient-to-patient variability in breast cancer progression complicates clinical treatment decisions. Of women undergoing prophylactic mastectomies, many may not have progressed …             X-ray irradiation activates K+ channels via H2O2 signaling ▶     Christine S. Gibhardt, Bastian Roth, Indra Schroeder et al.     Ionizing radiation is a universal tool in tumor therapy but may also cause secondary cancers or cell invasiveness. These negative side effects could be causally related to the …             Clinicopathological significance of c-KIT mutation in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Lin Yan, Lei Zou, Wenhua Zhao et al.     Many types of KIT mutations have been observed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), but their prognostic and predictive significance are still unclear. A meta-analysis and …             Ultraviolet light triggers the conversion of Cu2+-bound Aβ42 aggregates into cytotoxic species in a copper chelation-independent manner ▶     Xiongwei Dong, Zhe Zhang, Dan Zhao et al.     Increasing evidence indicates that abnormal Cu2+ binding to Aβ peptides are responsible for the formation of soluble Aβ oligomers and ROS that play essential roles in AD …             Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism modulates inflammatory cytokine responses during acute stress ▶     Kaori Yamakawa, Masahiro Matsunaga, Tokiko Isowa et al.     Cytokines are important mediators of various stress-related modulations of immune function. A major genetic factor determining inter-individual differences in stress reactivity …             A modified oxic-settling-anaerobic activated sludge process using gravity thickening for excess sludge reduction ▶     Jun Wang, Shi-Yu Li, Feng Jiang et al.     Oxic-settling-anaerobic process (OSA) was known as a cost-effective way to reduce the excess sludge production with simple upgrade of conventional activated sludge process (CAS). …             A comparative study for the inactivation of multidrug resistance bacteria using dielectric barrier discharge and nano-second pulsed plasma ▶     Ji Hoon Park, Naresh Kumar, Dae Hoon Park et al.     Bacteria can be inactivated through various physical and chemical means, and these have always been the focus of extensive research. To further improve the methodology for these …             Large predatory coral trout species unlikely to meet increasing energetic demands in a warming ocean ▶     J.L. Johansen, M.S. Pratchett, V. Messmer et al.     Increased ocean temperature due to climate change is raising metabolic demands and energy requirements of marine ectotherms. If productivity of marine systems and fisheries are …             Natural Killer Cells-Produced IFN-γ Improves Bone Marrow-Derived Hepatocytes Regeneration in Murine Liver Failure Model ▶     Lu Li, Zhutian Zeng, Ziping Qi et al.     Bone-marrow transplantation (BMT) can repopulate the liver through BM-derived hepatocyte (BMDH) generation, although the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Using …             Dimerization of lipocalin allergens ▶     Merja H. Niemi, Marja Rytkönen-Nissinen, Ilja Miettinen et al.     Lipocalins are one of the most important groups of inhalant animal allergens. The analysis of structural features of these proteins is important to get insights into their …             Phytotoxin coronatine enhances heat tolerance via maintaining photosynthetic performance in wheat based on Electrophoresis and TOF-MS analysis ▶     Yuyi Zhou, Mingcai Zhang, Jianmin Li et al.     Coronatine (COR) is a phytotoxin produced by Pseudomonas syringae. Its structure is similar to Jasmonates, which play a number of diverse roles in plant defense. Both have the …             Pelagic photoferrotrophy and iron cycling in a modern ferruginous basin ▶     Marc Llirós, Tamara García–Armisen, François Darchambeau et al.     Iron-rich (ferruginous) ocean chemistry prevailed throughout most of Earth’s early history. Before the evolution and proliferation of oxygenic photosynthesis, biological …             An optimized method for high-titer lentivirus preparations without ultracentrifugation ▶     Wei Jiang, Rui Hua, Mengping Wei et al.     Lentiviral technology has proven to be a powerful tool to express exogenous genes in dividing and non-dividing cells. Currently, most protocols for generating high-titer …             Rapid tumor induction in zebrafish by TALEN-mediated somatic inactivation of the retinoblastoma1 tumor suppressor rb1 ▶     Staci L. Solin, Heather R. Shive, Kevin D. Woolard et al.     Investigating the in vivo role of tumor suppressor genes in cancer is technically challenging due to their essential requirement during early animal development. To address this …             RBMMMDA: predicting multiple types of disease-microRNA associations ▶     Xing Chen, Chenggang Clarence Yan, Xiaotian Zhang et al.     Accumulating evidences have shown that plenty of miRNAs play fundamental and important roles in various biological processes and the deregulations of miRNAs are associated with a …             Direct Pore Binding as a Mechanism for Isoflurane Inhibition of the Pentameric Ligand-gated Ion Channel ELIC ▶     Qiang Chen, Monica N. Kinde, Palaniappa Arjunan et al.     Pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs) are targets of general anesthetics, but molecular mechanisms underlying anesthetic action remain debatable. We found that ELIC, a …             Friend or foe: differential responses of rice to invasion by mutualistic or pathogenic fungi revealed by RNAseq and metabolite profiling ▶     Xi-Hui Xu, Chen Wang, Shu-Xian Li et al.     The rice endophyte Harpophora oryzae shares a common pathogenic ancestor with the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Direct comparison of the interactions between a single …             Differential interaction of Apolipoprotein-E isoforms with insulin receptors modulates brain insulin signaling in mutant human amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice ▶     Elizabeth S Chan, Christopher Chen, Gregory M Cole et al.     It is unclear how human apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) increases the risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Although Aβ levels can lead to insulin signaling impairment, these experiments …             Pathway optimization by re-design of untranslated regions for L-tyrosine production in Escherichia coli ▶     Seong Cheol Kim, Byung Eun Min, Hyun Gyu Hwang et al.     L-tyrosine is a commercially important compound in the food, pharmaceutical, chemical, and cosmetic industries. Although several attempts have been made to improve L-tyrosine …             RNA sequencing provides exquisite insight into the manipulation of the alveolar macrophage by tubercle bacilli ▶     Nicolas C. Nalpas, David A. Magee, Kevin M. Conlon et al.     Mycobacterium bovis, the agent of bovine tuberculosis, causes an estimated $3 billion annual losses to global agriculture due, in part, to the limitations of current diagnostics. …             Global transcriptional and miRNA insights into bases of heterosis in hybridization of Cyprinidae ▶     Yi Zhou, Li Ren, Jun Xiao et al.     Hybrid Megalobrama amblycephala × Culter alburnus represents a population newly formed by interspecific crossing between two different genera. Here we assessed the expression …             The identification of an integral membrane, cytochrome c urate oxidase completes the catalytic repertoire of a therapeutic enzyme ▶     Nicola Doniselli, Enrico Monzeglio, Alessandro Dal Palù et al.     In living organisms, the conversion of urate into allantoin requires three consecutive enzymes. The pathway was lost in hominid, predisposing humans to hyperuricemia and gout. …             Water from air: an overlooked source of moisture in arid and semiarid regions ▶     Theresa A. McHugh, Ember M. Morrissey, Sasha C. Reed et al.     Water drives the functioning of Earth’s arid and semiarid lands. Drylands can obtain water from sources other than precipitation, yet little is known about how non-rainfall water …             Modeling the interplay between the HIF-1 and p53 pathways in hypoxia ▶     Chun-Hong Zhou, Xiao-Peng Zhang, Feng Liu et al.     Both the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) and tumor suppressor p53 are involved in the cellular response to hypoxia. How the two transcription factors interact to determine …             Electroporation of mammalian cells by nanosecond electric field oscillations and its inhibition by the electric field reversal ▶     Elena C. Gianulis, Jimo Lee, Chunqi Jiang et al.     The present study compared electroporation efficiency of bipolar and unipolar nanosecond electric field oscillations (NEFO). Bipolar NEFO was a damped sine wave with 140 ns first …             Functional and structural properties of a novel cellulosome-like multienzyme complex: efficient glycoside hydrolysis of water-insoluble 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel ▶     Tong-Yi Dou, Hong-Wei Luan, Guang-Bo Ge et al.     Cellulosome is a kind of multienzyme complex that displays high activity, selectivity, and stability. Here, we report a novel, non-cellulolytic, cellulosome-like multienzyme …             Recruiting a new strategy to improve levan production in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ▶     Jun Feng, Yanyan Gu, Yufen Quan et al.     Microbial levan is an important biopolymer with considerable potential in food and medical applications. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens NK-ΔLP strain can produce high-purity, …             Differentiation of early germ cells from human skin-derived stem cells without exogenous gene integration ▶     Wei Ge, Hua-Gang Ma, Shun-Feng Cheng et al.     Infertility has long been a difficult issue for many couples. The successful differentiation of germ cells and live progeny from pluripotent stem cells brings new hope to the …             Functionalized Buckyballs for Visualizing Microbial Species in Different States and Environments ▶     Qingsu Cheng, Ashwin Aravind, Matthew Buckley et al.     To date, in situ visualization of microbial density has remained an open problem. Here, functionalized buckyballs (e.g., C60-pyrrolidine tris acid) are shown to be a versatile …             Discovery of a selective, safe and novel anti-malarial compound with activity against chloroquine resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum ▶     Ankita Agarwal, Sarvesh Paliwal, Ruchi Mishra et al.     In recent years the DNA minor groove has attracted much attention for the development of anti-malarial agents. In view of this we have attempted to discover novel DNA minor …             TSC2 mediates hyperosmotic stress-induced inactivation of mTORC1 ▶     Monika Plescher, Aurelio A. Teleman, Constantinos Demetriades     mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) regulates cell growth and metabolism. mTORC1 activity is regulated via integration of positive growth-promoting stimuli and negative stress stimuli. One …             Visual Features: Featural Strength and Visual Strength Are Two Dissociable Dimensions ▶     Liqiang Huang     Visual features are often assumed to be the general building blocks for various visual tasks. However, it is well known that some stimulus categories (i.e., basic features) can …             Increased frequency of circulating Tc22/Th22 cells and polyfunctional CD38− T cells in HIV-exposed uninfected subjects ▶     Luanda M. S. Oliveira, Josenilson F. Lima, Cesar A. C. Cervantes et al.     Some individuals are resistant to HIV-1 infection despite repeated exposure to the virus, suggesting the presence of a complex antiviral response. Innate factors like IL-22 exert …             Simvastatin may induce insulin resistance through a novel fatty acid mediated cholesterol independent mechanism ▶     Vasundhara Kain, Bandish Kapadia, Parimal Misra et al.     Statins are a class of oral drugs that are widely used for treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Recent clinical data suggest that chronic use of these drugs increases the frequency …             EXTL2 and EXTL3 inhibition with siRNAs as a promising substrate reduction therapy for Sanfilippo C syndrome ▶     Isaac Canals, Noelia Benetó, Mónica Cozar et al.     Sanfilippo syndrome is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by an impaired degradation of heparan sulfate (HS). It presents severe and progressive neurodegeneration and …             Comprehensive Proteomics Analysis of Laticifer Latex Reveals New Insights into Ethylene Stimulation of Natural Rubber Production ▶     Xuchu Wang, Dan Wang, Yong Sun et al.     Ethylene is a stimulant to increase natural rubber latex. After ethylene application, both fresh yield and dry matter of latex are substantially improved. Moreover, we found that …             Links between fear of humans, stress and survival support a non-random distribution of birds among urban and rural habitats ▶     Natalia Rebolo-Ifrán, Martina Carrete, Ana Sanz-Aguilar et al.     Urban endocrine ecology aims to understand how organisms cope with new sources of stress and maintain allostatic load to thrive in an increasingly urbanized world. Recent …             Proteomic approaches for profiling negative fertility markers in inferior boar spermatozoa ▶     Woo-Sung Kwon, Shin-Ae Oh, Ye-Ji Kim et al.     The ability to predict male fertility is of paramount importance for animal breeding industries and for human reproduction. Conventional semen analysis generally provides …             Geranylgeranylacetone selectively binds to the HSP70 of Helicobacter pylori and alters its coccoid morphology ▶     Ewa Grave, Shin-ichi Yokota, Soh Yamamoto et al.     Geranylgeranylacetone (GGA) is used to treat patients suffering from peptic ulcers and gastritis. We examined the effect of GGA on Helicobacter pylori, which is a causative …             Identification of residues important for substrate uptake in a glucose transporter from the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei ▶     Weixin Zhang, Yanli Cao, Jing Gong et al.     The glucose transporter is an important player in cell metabolism that mediates the intracellular uptake of glucose. Here, we characterized the glucose transporter Stp1 from the …             Secreted tyrosine sulfated-eIF5A mediates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis ▶     Yoshinori Seko, Tsutomu Fujimura, Takako Yao et al.     Oxidative stress plays a critical role in ischemia/reperfusion-injury, atherosclerosis, and aging. It causes cell damage that leads to apoptosis via uncertain mechanisms. Because …             Peri-implantation lethality in mice carrying megabase-scale deletion on 5qc3.3 is caused by Exoc1 null mutation ▶     Seiya Mizuno, Kohei Takami, Yoko Daitoku et al.     We found a novel spontaneous mouse mutant with depigmentation in the ventral body, which we called White Spotting (WS) mouse. Genetic investigation revealed deletion of a >…             Delivery of Alginate Scaffold Releasing Two Trophic Factors for Spinal Cord Injury Repair ▶     I. Grulova, L. Slovinska, J. Blaško et al.     Spinal cord injury (SCI) has been implicated in neural cell loss and consequently functional motor and sensory impairment. In this study, we propose an alginate -based …             Identification and comparative expression analysis of odorant binding protein genes in the tobacco cutworm Spodoptera litura ▶     Shao-Hua Gu, Jing-Jiang Zhou, Shang Gao et al.     Insect odorant binding proteins (OBPs) are thought to involve in insects’ olfaction perception. In the present study, we identified 38 OBP genes from the antennal transcriptomes …             A whole-genome RNAi screen uncovers a novel role for human potassium channels in cell killing by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica ▶     Chelsea Marie, Hans P. Verkerke, Dan Theodorescu et al.     The parasite Entamoeba histolytica kills human cells resulting in ulceration, inflammation and invasion of the colonic epithelium. We used the cytotoxic properties of ameba to …             Exploring novel mechanistic insights in Alzheimer’s disease by assessing reliability of protein interactions ▶     Ashutosh Malhotra, Erfan Younesi, Sudeep Sahadevan et al.     Protein interaction networks are widely used in computational biology as a graphical means of representing higher-level systemic functions in a computable form. Although, many …             Adenylate Cyclase Toxin promotes bacterial internalisation into non phagocytic cells ▶     César Martín, Asier Etxaniz, Kepa B. Uribe et al.     Bordetella pertussis causes whooping cough, a respiratory infectious disease that is the fifth largest cause of vaccine-preventable death in infants. Though historically …             Activation of bacterial channel MscL in mechanically stimulated droplet interface bilayers ▶     Joseph S. Najem, Myles D. Dunlap, Ian D. Rowe et al.     MscL, a stretch-activated channel, saves bacteria experiencing hypo-osmotic shocks from lysis. Its high conductance and controllable activation makes it a strong candidate to …             Water use efficiency of China’s terrestrial ecosystems and responses to drought ▶     Yibo Liu, Jingfeng Xiao, Weimin Ju et al.     Water use efficiency (WUE) measures the trade-off between carbon gain and water loss of terrestrial ecosystems, and better understanding its dynamics and controlling factors is …             Effects of Carbon Dioxide Aerosols on the Viability of Escherichia coli during Biofilm Dispersal ▶     Renu Singh, Ajay K. Monnappa, Seongkyeol Hong et al.     A periodic jet of carbon dioxide (CO2) aerosols is a very quick and effective mechanical technique to remove biofilms from various substrate surfaces. However, the impact of the …             A unified data representation theory for network visualization, ordering and coarse-graining ▶     István A. Kovács, Réka Mizsei, Péter Csermely     Representation of large data sets became a key question of many scientific disciplines in the last decade. Several approaches for network visualization, data ordering and …             Structural and Thermodynamic Characteristics of Amyloidogenic Intermediates of β-2-Microglobulin ▶     Song-Ho Chong, Jooyeon Hong, Sulgi Lim et al.     β-2-microglobulin (β2m) self-aggregates to form amyloid fibril in renal patients taking long-term dialysis treatment. Despite the extensive structural and mutation studies …             A Simple and Sensitive Method to Quantify Biodegradable Nanoparticle Biodistribution using Europium Chelates ▶     Lindsey Crawford, Jaclyn Higgins, David Putnam     The biodistribution of biodegradable nanoparticles can be difficult to quantify. We report a method using time resolved fluorescence (TRF) from a lanthanide chelate to minimize …             Targeted Knockdown of the Kinetochore Protein D40/Knl-1 Inhibits Human Cancer in a p53 Status-Independent Manner ▶     Yuri N. Urata, Fumitaka Takeshita, Hiroki Tanaka et al.     The D40 gene encodes a kinetochore protein that plays an essential role in kinetochore formation during mitosis. Short inhibitory RNA against D40, D40 siRNA, has been shown to …             Physical Intimacy of Breast Cancer Cells with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Elicits Trastuzumab Resistance through Src Activation ▶     Amita Daverey, Allison P. Drain, Srivatsan Kidambi     The development of resistance to trastuzumab is a major obstacle for lasting effective treatment of patients with ErbB2-overexpressing tumors. Here, we demonstrate that the …             Dystrophin deficiency reduces atherosclerotic plaque development in ApoE-null mice ▶     Annelie Shami, Anki Knutsson, Pontus Dunér et al.     Dystrophin of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex connects the actin cytoskeleton to basement membranes and loss of dystrophin results in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We have …             New insight into the residual inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa by dielectric barrier discharge ▶     Lamei Li, Hong Zhang, Qing Huang     We report the new insight into the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) induced inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa, the dominant algae which caused harmful cyanobacterial …             Modeling the transmission dynamics of Ebola virus disease in Liberia ▶     Zhi-Qiang Xia, Shi-Fu Wang, Shen-Long Li et al.     Ebola virus disease (EVD) has erupted many times in some zones since it was first found in 1976. The 2014 EVD outbreak in West Africa is the largest ever, which has caused a …             Dual response to nest flooding during monsoon in an Indian ant ▶     Swetashree Kolay, Sumana Annagiri     Flooding causes destruction of shelter and disruption of activity in animals occupying subterranean nests. To ensure their survival organisms have evolved various responses to …             Aquaporin-1 Deficiency Protects Against Myocardial Infarction by Reducing Both Edema and Apoptosis in Mice ▶     Lihua Li, Zhiyong Weng, Chenjuan Yao et al.     Many studies have determined that AQP1 plays an important role in edema formation and resolution in various tissues via water transport across the cell membrane. The aim of this …             Microdissection of Human Esophagogastric Junction Wall with Phase-contrast X-ray CT Imaging ▶     Jianfa Zhang, Guangzhao Zhou, Dongping Tian et al.     Phase-contrast x-ray imaging using an x-ray interferometer has great potential to reveal the structures inside soft tissues, because the sensitivity of this method to hydrogen, …             Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid on ADP-induced thrombus formation and platelet activation involves mitogen-activated protein kinases ▶     Yu Lu, Quan Li, Yu-Ying Liu et al.     Caffeic acid (CA), one of the active constituents of Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, few studies have assessed the …             Very low embryonic crude oil exposures cause lasting cardiac defects in salmon and herring ▶     John P. Incardona, Mark G. Carls, Larry Holland et al.     The 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster exposed embryos of pink salmon and Pacific herring to crude oil in shoreline spawning habitats throughout Prince William Sound, Alaska. The herring …             Probing cytochrome c in living mitochondria with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ▶     Nadezda A. Brazhe, Andrey B. Evlyukhin, Eugene A. Goodilin et al.     Selective study of the electron transport chain components in living mitochondria is essential for fundamental biophysical research and for the development of new medical …             Epigenetic Regulation of Antibody Responses by the Histone H2A Deubiquitinase MYSM1 ▶     Xiao-Xia Jiang, YuChia Chou, Lindsey Jones et al.     B cell-mediated antibody response plays critical roles in protective immunity, as well as in the pathogenesis of allergic and autoimmune diseases. Epigenetic histone and DNA …             Mycofabricated biosilver nanoparticles interrupt Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing systems ▶     Braj R. Singh, Brahma N. Singh, Akanksha Singh et al.     Quorum sensing (QS) is a chemical communication process that Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses to regulate virulence and biofilm formation. Disabling of QS is an emerging approach for …             Exosomal miR-223 Contributes to Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Elicited Cardioprotection in Polymicrobial Sepsis ▶     Xiaohong Wang, Haitao Gu, Dongze Qin et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to elicit cardio-protective effects in sepsis. However, the underlying mechanism remains obscure. While recent studies have …                     Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Adam-Gibbs model in the density scaling regime and its implications for the configurational entropy scaling ▶     Elżbieta Masiewicz, Andrzej Grzybowski, Katarzyna Grzybowska et al.     To solve a long-standing problem of condensed matter physics with determining a proper description of the thermodynamic evolution of the time scale of molecular dynamics near the …             Robust half-metallicity and topological aspects in two-dimensional Cu-TPyB ▶     Xiaoming Zhang, Mingwen Zhao     Half-metallicity due to the coexistence of metallic nature for one spin component and insulating nature for the other is a base of spintronics devices, but was only achieved in …             Stepwise substrate translocation mechanism revealed by free energy calculations of doxorubicin in the multidrug transporter AcrB ▶     Zhicheng Zuo, Beibei Wang, Jingwei Weng et al.     AcrB is the inner membrane transporter of the tripartite multidrug efflux pump AcrAB-TolC in E. coli, which poses a major obstacle to the treatment of bacterial infections. X-ray …             Secondary batteries with multivalent ions for energy storage ▶     Chengjun Xu, Yanyi Chen, Shan Shi et al.     The use of electricity generated from clean and renewable sources, such as water, wind, or sunlight, requires efficiently distributed electrical energy storage by high-power and …             In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Synergism between Anti-Tubercular Spectinamides and Non-Classical Tuberculosis Antibiotics ▶     David F. Bruhn, Michael S. Scherman, Jiuyu Liu et al.     Spectinamides are new semi-synthetic spectinomycin derivatives with potent anti-tubercular activity. The reported synergism of the precursor spectinomycin with other antibiotics …             Tip-induced nanoreactor for silicate ▶     Ming Gao, Liran Ma, Yong Liang et al.     Nanoscale scientific issues have attracted an increasing amount of research interest due to their specific size-effect and novel structure-property. From macro to nano, materials …             Criteria for Applying the Lucas-Washburn Law ▶     Kewen Li, Danfeng Zhang, Huiyuan Bian et al.     Spontaneous imbibition happens in many natural and chemical engineering processes in which the mean advancing front usually follows Lucas-Washburn’s law. However it has been …             Magnetoresistance in the Spin-Orbit Kondo State of Elemental Bismuth ▶     Luis Craco, Stefano Leoni     Materials with strong spin-orbit coupling, which competes with other particle-particle interactions and external perturbations, offer a promising route to explore novel phases of …             Photoinduced Charge Transport in a BHJ Solar Cell Controlled by an External Electric Field ▶     Yongqing Li, Yanting Feng, Mengtao Sun     This study investigated theoretical photoinduced charge transport in a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell controlled by an external electric field. Our method for visualizing …             Adsorption of Uranyl ions on Amine-functionalization of MIL-101(Cr) Nanoparticles by a Facile Coordination-based Post-synthetic strategy and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Studies ▶     Jian-Yong Zhang, Na Zhang, Linjuan Zhang et al.     By a facile coordination-based post-synthetic strategy, the high surface area MIL-101(Cr) nanoparticles was functionallized by grafting amine group of ethylenediamine (ED) on …             Polymorphic transitions of diborane at sub- and near-megabar pressures ▶     Amin Torabi, Chitra Murli, Yang Song et al.     Recent theoretical investigations of high-pressure structures of diborane have yielded many intriguing predictions which have so far remained untested due to challenges of …             Graphene-Wrapped Anatase TiO2 Nanofibers as High-Rate and Long-Cycle-Life Anode Material for Sodium Ion Batteries ▶     Yeolmae Yeo, Ji-Won Jung, Kyusung Park et al.     Anatase TiO2 has been suggested as a potential sodium anode material, but the low electrical conductivity of TiO2 often limits the rate capability, resulting in poor …             Structural Characterization and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Astragalus taipaishanensis and Their Structure-Activity Relationship ▶     Wenjun Pu, Dongmei Wang, Dan Zhou     Eight phenolic compounds were isolated using bio-guided isolation and purified from the roots of Astragalus taipaishanensis Y. C. Ho et S. B. Ho (A. taipaishanensis) for the …             Production of Catalyst-Free Hyperpolarised Ethanol Aqueous Solution via Heterogeneous Hydrogenation with Parahydrogen ▶     Oleg G. Salnikov, Kirill V. Kovtunov, Igor V. Koptyug     An experimental approach for the production of catalyst-free hyperpolarised ethanol solution in water via heterogeneous hydrogenation of vinyl acetate with parahydrogen and the …             Manganese powder promoted highly efficient and selective synthesis of fullerene mono- and biscycloadducts at room temperature ▶     Weili Si, Xuan Zhang, Shirong Lu et al.     Discovery of an efficient, practical, and flexible synthetic method to produce various important electron acceptors for low-cost organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is highly desirable. …             Ice Regelation: Hydrogen-bond extraordinary recoverability and water quasisolid-phase-boundary dispersivity ▶     Xi Zhang, Yongli Huang, Peng Sun et al.     Regelation, i.e., ice melts under compression and freezes again when the pressure is relieved, remains puzzling since its discovery in 1850’s by Faraday. Here we show that …             High spectral specificity of local chemical components characterization with multichannel shift-excitation Raman spectroscopy ▶     Kun Chen, Tao Wu, Haoyun Wei et al.     Raman spectroscopy has emerged as a promising tool for its noninvasive and nondestructive characterization of local chemical structures. However, spectrally overlapping …             Insight on Tafel slopes from a microkinetic analysis of aqueous electrocatalysis for energy conversion ▶     Tatsuya Shinagawa, Angel T. Garcia-Esparza, Kazuhiro Takanabe     Microkinetic analyses of aqueous electrochemistry involving gaseous H2 or O2, i.e., hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), oxygen reduction …             Structural and Thermodynamic Characteristics of Amyloidogenic Intermediates of β-2-Microglobulin ▶     Song-Ho Chong, Jooyeon Hong, Sulgi Lim et al.     β-2-microglobulin (β2m) self-aggregates to form amyloid fibril in renal patients taking long-term dialysis treatment. Despite the extensive structural and mutation studies …             Non-radiative relaxation of photoexcited chlorophylls: theoretical and experimental study ▶     William P. Bricker, Prathamesh M. Shenai, Avishek Ghosh et al.     Nonradiative relaxation of high-energy excited states to the lowest excited state in chlorophylls marks the first step in the process of photosynthesis. We perform ultrafast …                 Nature Publishing Group offers a free open access funding support service to enable authors to discover and apply for article processing charge funding available to them. Visit our website for further advice on the funding options available, and guidance in approaching funders and institutions, or email openaccess@nature.com for more information.          Physical Sciences ▲ top               Secondary batteries with multivalent ions for energy storage ▶     Chengjun Xu, Yanyi Chen, Shan Shi et al.     The use of electricity generated from clean and renewable sources, such as water, wind, or sunlight, requires efficiently distributed electrical energy storage by high-power and …             Investigation of diffusion length distribution on polycrystalline silicon wafers via photoluminescence methods ▶     Shishu Lou, Huishi Zhu, Shaoxu Hu et al.     Characterization of the diffusion length of solar cells in space has been widely studied using various methods, but few studies have focused on a fast, simple way to obtain the …             High e+/e− Ratio Dense Pair Creation with 1021W.cm−2 Laser Irradiating Solid Targets ▶     E. Liang, T. Clarke, A. Henderson et al.     We report results of new pair creation experiments using ~100 Joule pulses of the Texas Petawatt Laser to irradiate solid gold and platinum targets, with intensities up to …             Enhanced UV Emission From Silver/ZnO And Gold/ZnO Core-Shell Nanoparticles: Photoluminescence, Radioluminescence, And Optically Stimulated Luminescence ▶     E. J. Guidelli, O. Baffa, D. R. Clarke     The optical properties of core-shell nanoparticles consisting of a ZnO shell grown on Ag and Au nanoparticle cores by a solution method have been investigated. Both the ZnO/Ag …             Equalization enhanced phase noise in Nyquist-spaced superchannel transmission systems using multi-channel digital back-propagation ▶     Tianhua Xu, Gabriele Liga, Domaniç Lavery et al.     Superchannel transmission spaced at the symbol rate, known as Nyquist spacing, has been demonstrated for effectively maximizing the optical communication channel capacity and …             Depinning Transition of a Domain Wall in Ferromagnetic Films ▶     Bin Xi, Meng-Bo Luo, Valerii M. Vinokur et al.     We report first principle numerical study of domain wall (DW) depinning in two-dimensional magnetic film, which is modeled by 2D random-field Ising system with the dipole-dipole …             Laser light routing in an elongated micromachined vapor cell with diffraction gratings for atomic clock applications ▶     Ravinder Chutani, Vincent Maurice, Nicolas Passilly et al.     This paper reports on an original architecture of microfabricated alkali vapor cell designed for miniature atomic clocks. The cell combines diffraction gratings with …             Robust half-metallicity and topological aspects in two-dimensional Cu-TPyB ▶     Xiaoming Zhang, Mingwen Zhao     Half-metallicity due to the coexistence of metallic nature for one spin component and insulating nature for the other is a base of spintronics devices, but was only achieved in …             Resolution and contrast enhancement of subtractive second harmonic generation microscopy with a circularly polarized vortex beam ▶     Nian Tian, Ling Fu, Min Gu     We extend the subtractive imaging method to label-free second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy to enhance the spatial resolution and contrast. This method is based on the …             Hong-Ou-Mandel Interference with a Single Atom ▶     K. A. Ralley, I. V. Lerner, I. V. Yurkevich     The Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect is widely regarded as the quintessential quantum interference phenomenon in optics. In this work we examine how nonlinearity can smear statistical …             Two-dimensional topological insulators with tunable band gaps: Single-layer HgTe and HgSe ▶     Jin Li, Chaoyu He, Lijun Meng et al.     Two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators (TIs) with large band gaps are of great importance for the future applications of quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect. Employing ab initio …             Adam-Gibbs model in the density scaling regime and its implications for the configurational entropy scaling ▶     Elżbieta Masiewicz, Andrzej Grzybowski, Katarzyna Grzybowska et al.     To solve a long-standing problem of condensed matter physics with determining a proper description of the thermodynamic evolution of the time scale of molecular dynamics near the …             Surface Engineering of Triboelectric Nanogenerator with an Electrodeposited Gold Nanoflower Structure ▶     Sang-Jae Park, Myeong-Lok Seol, Seung-Bae Jeon et al.     A triboelectric nanogenerator composed of gold nanoflowers is demonstrated. The proposed triboelectric nanogenerator creates electricity by contact-separation-based …             Gaussian private quantum channel with squeezed coherent states ▶     Kabgyun Jeong, Jaewan Kim, Su-Yong Lee     While the objective of conventional quantum key distribution (QKD) is to secretly generate and share the classical bits concealed in the form of maximally mixed quantum states, …             Feasibility of Using Wideband Microwave System for Non-Invasive Detection and Monitoring of Pulmonary Oedema ▶     S. Ahdi Rezaeieh, A. Zamani, K. S. Bialkowski et al.     Pulmonary oedema is a common manifestation of various fatal diseases that can be caused by cardiac or non-cardiac syndromes. The accumulated fluid has a considerably higher …             Direct evidence on Ta-Metal Phases Igniting Resistive Switching in TaOx Thin Film ▶     Min Kyu Yang, Hyunsu Ju, Gun Hwan Kim et al.     A Ta/TaOx/Pt stacked capacitor-like device for resistive switching was fabricated and examined. The tested device demonstrated stable resistive switching characteristics …             AlGaN/GaN Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor High-Electron-Mobility Transistor with Polarized P(VDF-TrFE) Ferroelectric Polymer Gating ▶     Xinke Liu, Youming Lu, Wenjie Yu et al.     Effect of a polarized P(VDF-TrFE) ferroelectric polymer gating on AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MOS-HEMTs) was investigated. The …             Tip-induced nanoreactor for silicate ▶     Ming Gao, Liran Ma, Yong Liang et al.     Nanoscale scientific issues have attracted an increasing amount of research interest due to their specific size-effect and novel structure-property. From macro to nano, materials …             Stepwise substrate translocation mechanism revealed by free energy calculations of doxorubicin in the multidrug transporter AcrB ▶     Zhicheng Zuo, Beibei Wang, Jingwei Weng et al.     AcrB is the inner membrane transporter of the tripartite multidrug efflux pump AcrAB-TolC in E. coli, which poses a major obstacle to the treatment of bacterial infections. X-ray …             In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Synergism between Anti-Tubercular Spectinamides and Non-Classical Tuberculosis Antibiotics ▶     David F. Bruhn, Michael S. Scherman, Jiuyu Liu et al.     Spectinamides are new semi-synthetic spectinomycin derivatives with potent anti-tubercular activity. The reported synergism of the precursor spectinomycin with other antibiotics …             Criteria for Applying the Lucas-Washburn Law ▶     Kewen Li, Danfeng Zhang, Huiyuan Bian et al.     Spontaneous imbibition happens in many natural and chemical engineering processes in which the mean advancing front usually follows Lucas-Washburn’s law. However it has been …             A feasibility study of multi-site,intracellular recordings from mammalian neurons by extracellular gold mushroom-shaped microelectrodes ▶     Silviya M. Ojovan, Noha Rabieh, Nava Shmoel et al.     The development of multi-electrode array platforms for large scale recording of neurons is at the forefront of neuro-engineering research efforts. Recently we demonstrated, at …             Optimal nonlinear information processing capacity in delay-based reservoir computers ▶     Lyudmila Grigoryeva, Julie Henriques, Laurent Larger et al.     Reservoir computing is a recently introduced brain-inspired machine learning paradigm capable of excellent performances in the processing of empirical data. We focus in a …             Tunable Valley Polarization and Valley Orbital Magnetic Moment Hall Effect in Honeycomb Systems with Broken Inversion Symmetry ▶     Zhigang Song, Ruge Quhe, Shunquan Liu et al.     In this Letter, a tunable valley polarization is investigated for honeycomb systems with broken inversion symmetry such as transition-metal dichalcogenide MX2 (M = Mo, W; X = S, …             Composite materials with enhanced dimensionless Young’s modulus and desired Poisson’s ratio ▶     H. X. Zhu, T. X. Fan, D. Zhang     We have designed a new type of composite materials which not only has a Young’s modulus much larger than the Voigt limit, but also is always nearly isotropic. Moreover, its …             Magnetoresistance in the Spin-Orbit Kondo State of Elemental Bismuth ▶     Luis Craco, Stefano Leoni     Materials with strong spin-orbit coupling, which competes with other particle-particle interactions and external perturbations, offer a promising route to explore novel phases of …             Accelerated one-step generation of full-color holographic videos using a color-tunable novel-look-up-table method for holographic three-dimensional television broadcasting ▶     Seung-Cheol Kim, Xiao-Bin Dong, Eun-Soo Kim     A color-tunable novel-look-up-table (CT-NLUT) for fast one-step calculation of full-color computer-generated holograms is proposed. The proposed method is composed of four …             Continuously Adjustable, Molecular-Sieving “Gate” on 5A Zeolite for Distinguishing Small Organic Molecules by Size ▶     Zhuonan Song, Yi Huang, Weiwei L. Xu et al.     Zeolites/molecular sieves with uniform, molecular-sized pores are important for many adsorption-based separation processes. Pore size gaps, however, exist in the current zeolite …             Depth-resolved rhodopsin molecular contrast imaging for functional assessment of photoreceptors ▶     Tan Liu, Rong Wen, Byron L. Lam et al.     Rhodopsin, the light-sensing molecule in the outer segments of rod photoreceptors, is responsible for converting light into neuronal signals in a process known as …             Chemical Visualization of a GaN p-n junction by XPS ▶     Deniz Caliskan, Hikmet Sezen, Ekmel Ozbay et al.     We report on an operando XPS investigation of a GaN diode, by recording the Ga2p3/2 peak position under both forward and reverse bias. Areal maps of the peak positions under …             Centro-Apical Self-Organization of Organic Semiconductors in a Line-Printed Organic Semiconductor: Polymer Blend for One-Step Printing Fabrication of Organic Field-Effect Transistors ▶     Su Jin Lee, Yong-Jae Kim, So Young Yeo et al.     Here we report the first demonstration for centro-apical self-organization of organic semiconductors in a line-printed organic semiconductor: polymer blend. Key feature of this …             Control of plasmonic nanoantennas by reversible metal-insulator transition ▶     Yohannes Abate, Robert E. Marvel, Jed I. Ziegler et al.     We demonstrate dynamic reversible switching of VO2 insulator-to-metal transition (IMT) locally on the scale of 15 nm or less and control of nanoantennas, observed for the first …             An isomorphous replacement method for efficient de novo phasing for serial femtosecond crystallography ▶     Keitaro Yamashita, Dongqing Pan, Tomohiko Okuda et al.     Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) with X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) holds great potential for structure determination of challenging proteins that are not amenable …             Zwitterionic Nanofibers of Super-Glue for Transparent and Biocompatible Multi-Purpose Coatings ▶     Elisa Mele, José A. Heredia-Guerrero, Ilker S. Bayer et al.     Here we show that macrozwitterions of poly(ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate), commonly called Super Glue, can easily assemble into long and well defined fibers by electrospinning. The …             Particle dynamics and deposition in true-scale pulmonary acinar models ▶     Rami Fishler, Philipp Hofemeier, Yael Etzion et al.     Particle transport phenomena in the deep alveolated airways of the lungs (i.e. pulmonary acinus) govern deposition outcomes following inhalation of hazardous or pharmaceutical …             Magnetic Particle Imaging tracks the long-term fate of in vivo neural cell implants with high image contrast ▶     Bo Zheng, Tandis Vazin, Patrick W. Goodwill et al.     We demonstrate that Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) enables monitoring of cellular grafts with high contrast, sensitivity, and quantitativeness. MPI directly detects the intense …             Importance of liquid fragility for energy applications of ionic liquids ▶     P. Sippel, P. Lunkenheimer, S. Krohns et al.     Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts that are liquid close to room temperature. Their possible applications are numerous, e.g., as solvents for green chemistry, in various …             Photoinduced Charge Transport in a BHJ Solar Cell Controlled by an External Electric Field ▶     Yongqing Li, Yanting Feng, Mengtao Sun     This study investigated theoretical photoinduced charge transport in a bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cell controlled by an external electric field. Our method for visualizing …             Polymorphic transitions of diborane at sub- and near-megabar pressures ▶     Amin Torabi, Chitra Murli, Yang Song et al.     Recent theoretical investigations of high-pressure structures of diborane have yielded many intriguing predictions which have so far remained untested due to challenges of …             Metamaterial Absorber for Electromagnetic Waves in Periodic Water Droplets ▶     Young Joon Yoo, Sanghyun Ju, Sang Yoon Park et al.     Perfect metamaterial absorber (PMA) can intercept electromagnetic wave harmful for body in Wi-Fi, cell phones and home appliances that we are daily using and provide stealth …             Adsorption of Uranyl ions on Amine-functionalization of MIL-101(Cr) Nanoparticles by a Facile Coordination-based Post-synthetic strategy and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Studies ▶     Jian-Yong Zhang, Na Zhang, Linjuan Zhang et al.     By a facile coordination-based post-synthetic strategy, the high surface area MIL-101(Cr) nanoparticles was functionallized by grafting amine group of ethylenediamine (ED) on …             Ability paradox of cascading model based on betweenness ▶     Jianwei Wang, Bo Xu, Yuedan Wu     Must Investing more resources to protect every node in a network improve the robustness of the whole network subject to target attacks? To answer this question, we investigate …             Titania may produce abiotic oxygen atmospheres on habitable exoplanets ▶     Norio Narita, Takafumi Enomoto, Shigeyuki Masaoka et al.     The search for habitable exoplanets in the Universe is actively ongoing in the field of astronomy. The biggest future milestone is to determine whether life exists on such …             The Double Jones Birefringence in Magneto-electric Medium ▶     Waqas Mahmood, Qing Zhao     In this paper, the Maxwell’s equations for a tensorial magneto-electric (ME) medium are solved, which is an extension to the work on the uniaxial anisotropic nonmagnetic medium. …             Graphene-Wrapped Anatase TiO2 Nanofibers as High-Rate and Long-Cycle-Life Anode Material for Sodium Ion Batteries ▶     Yeolmae Yeo, Ji-Won Jung, Kyusung Park et al.     Anatase TiO2 has been suggested as a potential sodium anode material, but the low electrical conductivity of TiO2 often limits the rate capability, resulting in poor …             3D TiO2@Ni(OH)2 Core-shell Arrays with Tunable Nanostructure for Hybrid Supercapacitor Application ▶     Qingqing Ke, Minrui Zheng, Huajun Liu et al.     Three dimensional hierarchical nanostructures have attracted great attention for electrochemical energy storage applications. In this work, self-supported TiO2@Ni(OH)2 core-shell …             Giant moving vortex mass in thick magnetic nanodots ▶     K. Y. Guslienko, G. N. Kakazei, J. Ding et al.     Magnetic vortex is one of the simplest topologically non-trivial textures in condensed matter physics. It is the ground state of submicron magnetic elements (dots) of different …             An improved tensile deformation model for in-situ dendrite/metallic glass matrix composites ▶     X. H. Sun, J. W. Qiao, Z. M. Jiao et al.     With regard to previous tensile deformation models simulating the tensile behavior of in-situ dendrite-reinforced metallic glass matrix composites (MGMCs) [Qiao et al., Acta …             Complex Quantum Network Manifolds in Dimension d > 2 are Scale-Free ▶     Ginestra Bianconi, Christoph Rahmede     In quantum gravity, several approaches have been proposed until now for the quantum description of discrete geometries. These theoretical frameworks include loop quantum gravity, …             Bioinspired, roughness-induced, water and oil super-philic and super-phobic coatings prepared by adaptable layer-by-layer technique ▶     Philip S. Brown, Bharat Bhushan     Coatings with specific surface wetting properties are of interest for anti-fouling, anti-fogging, anti-icing, self-cleaning, anti-smudge, and oil-water separation applications. …             Control of optical spin Hall shift in phase-discontinuity metasurface by weak value measurement post-selection ▶     Y.U. Lee, J.W. Wu     Spin Hall effect of light is a spin-dependent transverse shift of optical beam propagating along a curved trajectory, where the refractive index gradient plays a role of the …             From the Au nano-clusters to the nanoparticles on 4H-SiC (0001) ▶     Ming-Yu Li, Quanzhen Zhang, Puran Pandey et al.     The control over the configuration, size, and density of Au nanoparticles (NPs) has offered a promising route to control the spatial confinement of electrons and photons, as a …             Direct label-free measurement of the distribution of small molecular weight compound inside thick biological tissue using coherent Raman microspectroscopy ▶     Masahiko Kawagishi, Yuki Obara, Takayuki Suzuki et al.     Distributions of small molecular weight (less than 300 Da) compounds inside biological tissue have been obscure because of the lack of appropriate methods to measure them. …             Teaching brain-machine interfaces as an alternative paradigm to neuroprosthetics control ▶     Iñaki Iturrate, Ricardo Chavarriaga, Luis Montesano et al.     Brain-machine interfaces (BMI) usually decode movement parameters from cortical activity to control neuroprostheses. This requires subjects to learn to modulate their brain …             Structural Evolution of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) in Anoxic Co2+ Solution: Interactional Performance and Mechanism ▶     Yalei Zhang, Wen Chen, Chaomeng Dai et al.     The structures of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles evolving during reactions, and the reactions are influenced by the evolved structures. To understand the removal …             Proposal for universality in the viscosity of metallic liquids ▶     M. E. Blodgett, T. Egami, Z. Nussinov et al.     The range of magnitude of the liquid viscosity, η, as a function of temperature is one of the most impressive of any physical property, changing by approximately 17 orders of …             Square Kilometre Array Telescope—Precision Reference Frequency Synchronisation via 1f-2f Dissemination ▶     B. Wang, X. Zhu, C. Gao et al.     The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project is an international effort to build the world’s largest radio telescope, with a one-square-kilometre collecting area. In addition to its …             Emergence of multicluster chimera states ▶     Nan Yao, Zi-Gang Huang, Celso Grebogi et al.     A remarkable phenomenon in spatiotemporal dynamical systems is chimera state, where the structurally and dynamically identical oscillators in a coupled networked system …             Structural Characterization and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Astragalus taipaishanensis and Their Structure-Activity Relationship ▶     Wenjun Pu, Dongmei Wang, Dan Zhou     Eight phenolic compounds were isolated using bio-guided isolation and purified from the roots of Astragalus taipaishanensis Y. C. Ho et S. B. Ho (A. taipaishanensis) for the …             Visualization of GaN surface potential using terahertz emission enhanced by local defects ▶     Yuji Sakai, Iwao Kawayama, Hidetoshi Nakanishi et al.     Wide-gap semiconductors have received significant attention for their advantages over existing semiconductors in energy-efficient power devices. To realize stable and reliable …             Production of Catalyst-Free Hyperpolarised Ethanol Aqueous Solution via Heterogeneous Hydrogenation with Parahydrogen ▶     Oleg G. Salnikov, Kirill V. Kovtunov, Igor V. Koptyug     An experimental approach for the production of catalyst-free hyperpolarised ethanol solution in water via heterogeneous hydrogenation of vinyl acetate with parahydrogen and the …             High spectral specificity of local chemical components characterization with multichannel shift-excitation Raman spectroscopy ▶     Kun Chen, Tao Wu, Haoyun Wei et al.     Raman spectroscopy has emerged as a promising tool for its noninvasive and nondestructive characterization of local chemical structures. However, spectrally overlapping …             Graphene-Nanodiamond Heterostructures and their application to High Current Devices ▶     Fang Zhao, Andrei Vrajitoarea, Qi Jiang et al.     Graphene on hydrogen terminated monolayer nanodiamond heterostructures provides a new way to improve carrier transport characteristics of the graphene, offering up to 60% …             Superiority of Graphene over Polymer Coatings for Prevention of Microbially Induced Corrosion ▶     Ajay Krishnamurthy, Venkataramana Gadhamshetty, Rahul Mukherjee et al.     Prevention of microbially induced corrosion (MIC) is of great significance in many environmental applications. Here, we report the use of an ultra-thin, graphene skin (Gr) as a …             Analogy of transistor function with modulating photonic band gap in electromagnetically induced grating ▶     Zhiguo Wang, Zakir Ullah, Mengqin Gao et al.     Optical transistor is a device used to amplify and switch optical signals. Many researchers focus on replacing current computer components with optical equivalents, resulting in …             New horizon for high performance Mg-based biomaterial with uniform degradation behavior: Formation of stacking faults ▶     Jinghuai Zhang, Chi Xu, Yongbin Jing et al.     Designing the new microstructure is an effective way to accelerate the biomedical application of magnesium (Mg) alloys. In this study, a novel Mg–8Er–1Zn alloy with profuse …             Multifrequency multi-qubit entanglement based on plasmonic hot spots ▶     Jun Ren, Tong Wu, Xiangdong Zhang     The theoretical method to study strong coupling between an ensemble of quantum emitters (QEs) and surface plasmons excited by the nanoparticle cluster has been presented by using …             Unexpected observation of splitting of skyrmion phase in Zn doped Cu2OSeO3 ▶     H. C. Wu, T. Y. Wei, K. D. Chandrasekhar et al.     Polycrystalline (Cu1−xZnx)2OSeO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) samples were synthesized using solid-state reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The effect of Zn doping upon …             Cavity-based architecture to preserve quantum coherence and entanglement ▶     Zhong-Xiao Man, Yun-Jie Xia, Rosario Lo Franco     Quantum technology relies on the utilization of resources, like quantum coherence and entanglement, which allow quantum information and computation processing. This achievement …             Self-Heating Effects In Polysilicon Source Gated Transistors ▶     R. A. Sporea, T. Burridge, S. R. P. Silva     Source-gated transistors (SGTs) are thin-film devices which rely on a potential barrier at the source to achieve high gain, tolerance to fabrication variability, and low series …             Collective Motion of Swarming Agents Evolving on a Sphere Manifold: A Fundamental Framework and Characterization ▶     Wei Li     Collective motion of self-propelled agents has attracted much attention in vast disciplines. However, almost all investigations focus on such agents evolving in the Euclidean …             Diamond synthesis from carbon nanofibers at low temperature and low pressure ▶     Chengzhi Luo, Xiang Qi, Chunxu Pan et al.     In this article, we report a new route to synthesize diamond by converting “solid” carbon nanofibers with a Spark Plasma Sintering system under low temperature and pressure (even …             Manganese powder promoted highly efficient and selective synthesis of fullerene mono- and biscycloadducts at room temperature ▶     Weili Si, Xuan Zhang, Shirong Lu et al.     Discovery of an efficient, practical, and flexible synthetic method to produce various important electron acceptors for low-cost organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is highly desirable. …             Ice Regelation: Hydrogen-bond extraordinary recoverability and water quasisolid-phase-boundary dispersivity ▶     Xi Zhang, Yongli Huang, Peng Sun et al.     Regelation, i.e., ice melts under compression and freezes again when the pressure is relieved, remains puzzling since its discovery in 1850’s by Faraday. Here we show that …             A comparative study for the inactivation of multidrug resistance bacteria using dielectric barrier discharge and nano-second pulsed plasma ▶     Ji Hoon Park, Naresh Kumar, Dae Hoon Park et al.     Bacteria can be inactivated through various physical and chemical means, and these have always been the focus of extensive research. To further improve the methodology for these …             Twisted complex superfluids in optical lattices ▶     Ole Jürgensen, Klaus Sengstock, Dirk-Sören Lühmann     We show that correlated pair tunneling drives a phase transition to a twisted superfluid with a complex order parameter. This unconventional superfluid phase spontaneously breaks …             Revealing the nanoparticles aspect ratio in the glass-metal nanocomposites irradiated with femtosecond laser ▶     S. Chervinskii, R. Drevinskas, D. V. Karpov et al.     We studied a femtosecond laser shaping of silver nanoparticles embedded in soda-lime glass. Comparing experimental absorption spectra with the modeling based on Maxwell Garnett …             Giant Kerr nonlinearity and low-power gigahertz solitons via plasmon-induced transparency ▶     Zhengyang Bai, Guoxiang Huang, Lixiang Liu et al.     We propose a method to enhance Kerr nonlinearity and realize low-power gigahertz solitons via plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) in a new type of metamaterial, which is …             Bias field tailored plasmonic nano-electrode for high-power terahertz photonic devices ▶     Kiwon Moon, Il-Min Lee, Jun-Hwan Shin et al.     Photoconductive antennas with nano-structured electrodes and which show significantly improved performances have been proposed to satisfy the demand for compact and efficient …             Magnetic Field Triggered Multicycle Damage Sensing and Self Healing ▶     Anansa S. Ahmed, R. V. Ramanujan     Multifunctional materials inspired by biological structures have attracted great interest, e.g. for wearable/ flexible “skin” and smart coatings. A current challenge in this area …             Probing Spin Accumulation induced Magnetocapacitance in a Single Electron Transistor ▶     Teik-Hui Lee, Chii-Dong Chen     The interplay between spin and charge in solids is currently among the most discussed topics in condensed matter physics. Such interplay gives rise to magneto-electric coupling, …             Simultaneous Stress and Field Control of Sustainable Switching of Ferroelectric Phases ▶     P. Finkel, M. Staruch, A. Amin et al.     In ferroelectrics, manifestation of a strong electromechanical coupling is attributed to both engineered domain morphology and phase transformations. However, realization of …             Ultralight metal foams ▶     Bin Jiang, Chunnian He, Naiqin Zhao et al.     Ultralight (<10 mg/cm3) cellular materials are desirable for thermal insulation; battery electrodes; catalyst supports; and acoustic, vibration, or shock energy damping. However, …             High content analysis at single cell level identifies different cellular responses dependent on nanomaterial concentrations ▶     Bella B. Manshian, Sebastian Munck, Patrizia Agostinis et al.     A mechanistic understanding of nanomaterial (NM) interaction with biological environments is pivotal for the safe transition from basic science to applied nanomedicine. NM …             Developing high energy dissipative soliton fiber lasers at 2 micron ▶     Chongyuan Huang, Cong Wang, Wei Shang et al.     While the recent discovered new mode-locking mechanism - dissipative soliton - has successfully improved the pulse energy of 1 μm and 1.5 μm fiber lasers to tens of nanojoules, …             Self-assembly formation of hollow Ni-Fe-O nanocage architectures by metal-organic frameworks with high-performance lithium storage ▶     Hong Guo, Tingting Li, Weiwei Chen et al.     A hollow hybrid Ni-Fe-O nanomaterial (NiFe2O4) is synthesized using a precursor of metal-organic frameworks through a simple and cost-effective method. The unique hollow nanocage …             Understanding Mechanical Response of Elastomeric Graphene Networks ▶     Na Ni, Suelen Barg, Esther Garcia-Tunon et al.     Ultra-light porous networks based on nano-carbon materials (such as graphene or carbon nanotubes) have attracted increasing interest owing to their applications in wide fields …             A double barrier memristive device ▶     M. Hansen, M. Ziegler, L. Kolberg et al.     We present a quantum mechanical memristive Nb/Al/Al2O3/NbxOy/Au device which consists of an ultra-thin memristive layer (NbxOy) sandwiched between an Al2O3 tunnel barrier and a …             Integrated information storage and transfer with a coherent magnetic device ▶     Ning Jia, Leonardo Banchi, Abolfazl Bayat et al.     Quantum systems are inherently dissipation-less, making them excellent candidates even for classical information processing. We propose to use an array of large-spin quantum …             Strong Optomechanical Interaction in Hybrid Plasmonic-Photonic Crystal Nanocavities with Surface Acoustic Waves ▶     Tzy-Rong Lin, Chiang-Hsin Lin, Jin-Chen Hsu     We propose dynamic modulation of a hybrid plasmonic-photonic crystal nanocavity using monochromatic coherent acoustic phonons formed by ultrahigh-frequency surface acoustic waves …             Robust Direct Bandgap Characteristics of One- and Two-Dimensional ReS2 ▶     Zhi Gen Yu, Yongqing Cai, Yong-Wei Zhang     Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), most notably, MoS2 and WS2, have attracted significant attention due to their sizable and direct bandgap …             A unified data representation theory for network visualization, ordering and coarse-graining ▶     István A. Kovács, Réka Mizsei, Péter Csermely     Representation of large data sets became a key question of many scientific disciplines in the last decade. Several approaches for network visualization, data ordering and …             Sequential Self-Folding Structures by 3D Printed Digital Shape Memory Polymers ▶     Yiqi Mao, Kai Yu, Michael S. Isakov et al.     Folding is ubiquitous in nature with examples ranging from the formation of cellular components to winged insects. It finds technological applications including packaging of …             Cooling field and temperature dependent exchange bias in spin glass/ferromagnet bilayers ▶     W. B. Rui, Y. Hu, A. Du et al.     We report on the experimental and theoretical studies of cooling field (HFC) and temperature (T) dependent exchange bias (EB) in FexAu1 − x/Fe19Ni81 spin glass (SG)/ferromagnet …             Pressure-induced electronic phase separation of magnetism and superconductivity in CrAs ▶     Rustem Khasanov, Zurab Guguchia, Ilya Eremin et al.     The recent discovery of pressure (p) induced superconductivity in the binary helimagnet CrAs has raised questions on how superconductivity emerges from the magnetic state and on …             Stacked 3D RRAM Array with Graphene/CNT as Edge Electrodes ▶     Yue Bai, Huaqiang Wu, Kun Wang et al.     There are two critical challenges which determine the array density of 3D RRAM: 1) the scaling limit in both horizontal and vertical directions; 2) the integration of selector …             Preparation of topological modes by Lyapunov control ▶     Z. C. Shi, X. L. Zhao, X. X. Yi     By Lyapunov control, we present a proposal to drive quasi-particles into a topological mode in quantum systems described by a quadratic Hamiltonian. The merit of this control is …             Aluminum doping tunes band gap energy level as well as oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles in MCF-7 cells ▶     Mohd Javed Akhtar, Hisham A. Alhadlaq, Aws Alshamsan et al.     We investigated whether Aluminum (Al) doping tunes band gap energy level as well as selective cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). Pure and …             Non-radiative relaxation of photoexcited chlorophylls: theoretical and experimental study ▶     William P. Bricker, Prathamesh M. Shenai, Avishek Ghosh et al.     Nonradiative relaxation of high-energy excited states to the lowest excited state in chlorophylls marks the first step in the process of photosynthesis. We perform ultrafast …             Insight on Tafel slopes from a microkinetic analysis of aqueous electrocatalysis for energy conversion ▶     Tatsuya Shinagawa, Angel T. Garcia-Esparza, Kazuhiro Takanabe     Microkinetic analyses of aqueous electrochemistry involving gaseous H2 or O2, i.e., hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), oxygen reduction …             Deterministic Creation of Macroscopic Cat States ▶     Daniel Lombardo, Jason Twamley     Despite current technological advances, observing quantum mechanical effects outside of the nanoscopic realm is extremely challenging. For this reason, the observation of such …             Thermal post-treatment alters nutrient release from a controlled-release fertilizer coated with a waterborne polymer ▶     Zijun Zhou, Changwen Du, Ting Li et al.     Controlled-release fertilizers (CRF) use a controlled-release technology to enhance the nutrient use efficiency of crops. Many factors affect the release of nutrients from the …             Bacterial inhibition potential of 3D rapid-prototyped magnesium-based porous composite scaffolds–an in vitro efficacy study ▶     Rui Ma, Yu-xiao Lai, Long Li et al.     Bone infections are common in trauma-induced open fractures with bone defects. Therefore, developing anti-infection scaffolds for repairing bone defects is desirable. This study …             Structural and Thermodynamic Characteristics of Amyloidogenic Intermediates of β-2-Microglobulin ▶     Song-Ho Chong, Jooyeon Hong, Sulgi Lim et al.     β-2-microglobulin (β2m) self-aggregates to form amyloid fibril in renal patients taking long-term dialysis treatment. Despite the extensive structural and mutation studies …             A Simple and Sensitive Method to Quantify Biodegradable Nanoparticle Biodistribution using Europium Chelates ▶     Lindsey Crawford, Jaclyn Higgins, David Putnam     The biodistribution of biodegradable nanoparticles can be difficult to quantify. We report a method using time resolved fluorescence (TRF) from a lanthanide chelate to minimize …             Activation of bacterial channel MscL in mechanically stimulated droplet interface bilayers ▶     Joseph S. Najem, Myles D. Dunlap, Ian D. Rowe et al.     MscL, a stretch-activated channel, saves bacteria experiencing hypo-osmotic shocks from lysis. Its high conductance and controllable activation makes it a strong candidate to …             Effects of Carbon Dioxide Aerosols on the Viability of Escherichia coli during Biofilm Dispersal ▶     Renu Singh, Ajay K. Monnappa, Seongkyeol Hong et al.     A periodic jet of carbon dioxide (CO2) aerosols is a very quick and effective mechanical technique to remove biofilms from various substrate surfaces. However, the impact of the …             Physical Intimacy of Breast Cancer Cells with Mesenchymal Stem Cells Elicits Trastuzumab Resistance through Src Activation ▶     Amita Daverey, Allison P. Drain, Srivatsan Kidambi     The development of resistance to trastuzumab is a major obstacle for lasting effective treatment of patients with ErbB2-overexpressing tumors. Here, we demonstrate that the …             Probing cytochrome c in living mitochondria with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy ▶     Nadezda A. Brazhe, Andrey B. Evlyukhin, Eugene A. Goodilin et al.     Selective study of the electron transport chain components in living mitochondria is essential for fundamental biophysical research and for the development of new medical …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Alleviating Pressure on Water Resources: A new approach could be attempted ▶     Shikun Sun, Yubao Wang, Feifei Wang et al.     Water and food safety are two major challenges which the world faces today. Traditional water management focuses on the reduction of water use through improvements in water …             The metabolic response of marine copepods to environmental warming and ocean acidification in the absence of food ▶     Daniel J. Mayor, Ulf Sommer, Kathryn B. Cook et al.     Marine copepods are central to the productivity and biogeochemistry of marine ecosystems. Nevertheless, the direct and indirect effects of climate change on their metabolic …             Criteria for Applying the Lucas-Washburn Law ▶     Kewen Li, Danfeng Zhang, Huiyuan Bian et al.     Spontaneous imbibition happens in many natural and chemical engineering processes in which the mean advancing front usually follows Lucas-Washburn’s law. However it has been …             Accumulation of organic C components in soil and aggregates ▶     Hongyan Yu, Weixin Ding, Zengming Chen et al.     To explore soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation mechanisms, the dynamics of C functional groups and macroaggregation were studied synchronously through aggregate fractionation …             Rapid heterogeneous assembly of multiple magma reservoirs prior to Yellowstone supereruptions ▶     Jörn-Frederik Wotzlaw, Ilya N. Bindeman, Richard A. Stern et al.     Large-volume caldera-forming eruptions of silicic magmas are an important feature of continental volcanism. The timescales and mechanisms of assembly of the magma reservoirs that …             Occurrence of chiral organochlorine compounds in the environmental matrices from King George Island and Ardley Island, west Antarctica ▶     Pu Wang, Qinghua Zhang, Yingming Li et al.     Chiral organochlorine compounds (OCs) were measured in various environmental matrices (air, soil and vegetation) from west Antarctica using high resolution gas chromatography …             Titania may produce abiotic oxygen atmospheres on habitable exoplanets ▶     Norio Narita, Takafumi Enomoto, Shigeyuki Masaoka et al.     The search for habitable exoplanets in the Universe is actively ongoing in the field of astronomy. The biggest future milestone is to determine whether life exists on such …             Structural Evolution of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) in Anoxic Co2+ Solution: Interactional Performance and Mechanism ▶     Yalei Zhang, Wen Chen, Chaomeng Dai et al.     The structures of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles evolving during reactions, and the reactions are influenced by the evolved structures. To understand the removal …             Suppressing Nitrite-oxidizing Bacteria Growth to Achieve Nitrogen Removal from Domestic Wastewater via Anammox Using Intermittent Aeration with Low Dissolved Oxygen ▶     Bin Ma, Peng Bao, Yan Wei et al.     Achieving nitrogen removal from domestic wastewater using anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has the potential to make wastewater treatment energy-neutral or even …             Low doses of ivermectin cause sensory and locomotor disorders in dung beetles ▶     José R. Verdú, Vieyle Cortez, Antonio J. Ortiz et al.     Ivermectin is a veterinary pharmaceutical generally used to control the ecto- and endoparasites of livestock, but its use has resulted in adverse effects on coprophilous insects, …             Ice Regelation: Hydrogen-bond extraordinary recoverability and water quasisolid-phase-boundary dispersivity ▶     Xi Zhang, Yongli Huang, Peng Sun et al.     Regelation, i.e., ice melts under compression and freezes again when the pressure is relieved, remains puzzling since its discovery in 1850’s by Faraday. Here we show that …             Manganese powder promoted highly efficient and selective synthesis of fullerene mono- and biscycloadducts at room temperature ▶     Weili Si, Xuan Zhang, Shirong Lu et al.     Discovery of an efficient, practical, and flexible synthetic method to produce various important electron acceptors for low-cost organic photovoltaics (OPVs) is highly desirable. …             A modified oxic-settling-anaerobic activated sludge process using gravity thickening for excess sludge reduction ▶     Jun Wang, Shi-Yu Li, Feng Jiang et al.     Oxic-settling-anaerobic process (OSA) was known as a cost-effective way to reduce the excess sludge production with simple upgrade of conventional activated sludge process (CAS). …             Martian outflow channels: How did their source aquifers form, and why did they drain so rapidly? ▶     J. Alexis P. Rodriguez, Jeffrey S. Kargel, Victor R. Baker et al.     Catastrophic floods generated ~3.2 Ga by rapid groundwater evacuation scoured the Solar System’s most voluminous channels, the southern circum-Chryse outflow channels. Based on …             Priming effect of 13C-labelled wheat straw in no-tillage soil under drying and wetting cycles in the Loess Plateau of China ▶     Enke Liu, Jianbo Wang, Yanqing Zhang et al.     The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of drying and wetting (DW) cycles on soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralisation and on the priming effect (PE) induced by …             Polymeric and Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Sustained Release of Carbendazim and Tebuconazole in Agricultural Applications ▶     Estefânia Vangelie Ramos Campos, Jhones Luiz de Oliveira, Camila Morais Gonçalves da Silva et al.     Carbendazim (MBC) (methyl-2-benzimidazole carbamate) and tebuconazole (TBZ) ((RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol) are widely used in …             Water from air: an overlooked source of moisture in arid and semiarid regions ▶     Theresa A. McHugh, Ember M. Morrissey, Sasha C. Reed et al.     Water drives the functioning of Earth’s arid and semiarid lands. Drylands can obtain water from sources other than precipitation, yet little is known about how non-rainfall water …             Extraordinary slow degradation of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in a cold marginal sea ▶     Tae-Hoon Kim, Guebuem Kim, Shin-Ah Lee et al.     Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is the largest organic carbon reservoir in the ocean, and the amount of carbon in this reservoir rivals that in atmospheric CO2. In general, DOC …             Lithium isotope traces magmatic fluid in a seafloor hydrothermal system ▶     Dan Yang, Zengqian Hou, Yue Zhao et al.     Lithium isotopic compositions of fluid inclusions and hosted gangue quartz from a giant volcanogenic massive sulfide deposit in China provide robust evidence for inputting of …             Thermal post-treatment alters nutrient release from a controlled-release fertilizer coated with a waterborne polymer ▶     Zijun Zhou, Changwen Du, Ting Li et al.     Controlled-release fertilizers (CRF) use a controlled-release technology to enhance the nutrient use efficiency of crops. Many factors affect the release of nutrients from the …             Dual response to nest flooding during monsoon in an Indian ant ▶     Swetashree Kolay, Sumana Annagiri     Flooding causes destruction of shelter and disruption of activity in animals occupying subterranean nests. To ensure their survival organisms have evolved various responses to …             Pelagic photoferrotrophy and iron cycling in a modern ferruginous basin ▶     Marc Llirós, Tamara García–Armisen, François Darchambeau et al.     Iron-rich (ferruginous) ocean chemistry prevailed throughout most of Earth’s early history. Before the evolution and proliferation of oxygenic photosynthesis, biological …             Water use efficiency of China’s terrestrial ecosystems and responses to drought ▶     Yibo Liu, Jingfeng Xiao, Weimin Ju et al.     Water use efficiency (WUE) measures the trade-off between carbon gain and water loss of terrestrial ecosystems, and better understanding its dynamics and controlling factors is …             New insight into the residual inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa by dielectric barrier discharge ▶     Lamei Li, Hong Zhang, Qing Huang     We report the new insight into the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) induced inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa, the dominant algae which caused harmful cyanobacterial …             Spatio-temporal distribution of human lifespan in China ▶     Shaobin Wang, Kunli Luo, Yonglin Liu     Based on the data of latest three Chinese population censuses (1990–2010), four lifespan indicators were calculated: centenarians per one hundred thousand inhabitants (CH); …             Very low embryonic crude oil exposures cause lasting cardiac defects in salmon and herring ▶     John P. Incardona, Mark G. Carls, Larry Holland et al.     The 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster exposed embryos of pink salmon and Pacific herring to crude oil in shoreline spawning habitats throughout Prince William Sound, Alaska. The herring …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Exploring causal associations of alcohol with cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in a Chinese population using Mendelian randomization analysis ▶     Amy E. Taylor, Feng Lu, David Carslake et al.     Observational studies suggest that moderate alcohol consumption may be protective for cardiovascular disease, but results may be biased by confounding and reverse causality. …             Predicting Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome Following Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass based on Intraoperative Perfusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging ▶     Defeng Wang, Fengping Zhu, Ka Ming Fung et al.     Moyamoya disease leads to the formation of stenosis in the cerebrovasculature. A superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass is an effective treatment …             Comprehensive urinary metabolomic profiling and identification of potential noninvasive marker for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease ▶     Hemi Luan, Liang-Feng Liu, Zhi Tang et al.     Urine metabolic phenotyping has been associated with the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, few studies using a comprehensive metabolomics approach have …             Genetic variants of the autophagy pathway as prognostic indicators for prostate cancer ▶     Chao-Yuan Huang, Shu-Pin Huang, Victor C. Lin et al.     Autophagy is a complex process of autodigestion in conditions of cellular stress, and it might play an important role in the pathophysiology during carcinogenesis. We hypothesize …             GPR120: A bi-potential mediator to modulate the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMMSCs ▶     Bo Gao, Qiang Huang, Qiang Jie et al.     Free fatty acids display diverse effects as signalling molecules through GPCRs in addition to their involvement in cellular metabolism. GPR120, a G protein-coupled receptor for …             Experimental evaluation of the zoonotic infection potency of simian retrovirus type 4 using humanized mouse model ▶     Kei Sato, Tomoko Kobayashi, Naoko Misawa et al.     During 2001-2002 and 2008-2011, two epidemic outbreaks of infectious hemorrhagic disease have been found in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) in Kyoto University Primate …             A Tubing-Free Microfluidic Wound Healing Assay Enabling the Quantification of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration ▶     Yuanchen Wei, Feng Chen, Tao Zhang et al.     This paper presents a tubing-free microfluidic wound healing assay to quantify the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), where gravity was used to generate a laminar …             A novel gap-PCR with high resolution melting analysis for the detection of α-thalassaemia Southeast Asian and Filipino β0-thalassaemia deletion ▶     Siew Leng Kho, Kek Heng Chua, Elizabeth George et al.     Homozygosity for the α-thalassaemia Southeast Asian (α-SEA) and Filipino β0-thalassaemia (β-FIL) deletions can cause serious complications leading to foetal death or life-long …             In vitro and in vivo Evaluation of Synergism between Anti-Tubercular Spectinamides and Non-Classical Tuberculosis Antibiotics ▶     David F. Bruhn, Michael S. Scherman, Jiuyu Liu et al.     Spectinamides are new semi-synthetic spectinomycin derivatives with potent anti-tubercular activity. The reported synergism of the precursor spectinomycin with other antibiotics …             Amino Acid Polymorphisms in Hepatitis C Virus Core Affect Infectious Virus Production and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Molecule Expression ▶     Megumi Tasaka-Fujita, Nao Sugiyama, Wonseok Kang et al.     Amino acid (aa) polymorphisms in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b core protein have been reported to be a potent predictor for poor response to interferon (IFN)-based …             In silico modeling of spore inhalation reveals fungal persistence following low dose exposure ▶     Reiko J. Tanaka, Neville J. Boon, Katarina Vrcelj et al.     The human lung is constantly exposed to spores of the environmental mould Aspergillus fumigatus, a major opportunistic pathogen. The spectrum of resultant disease is the outcome …             IP3R deficit underlies loss of salivary fluid secretion in Sjögren’s Syndrome ▶     Leyla Y. Teos, Yu Zhang, Ana P. Cotrim et al.     The autoimmune exocrinopathy, Sjögren’s syndrome (SS), is associated with secretory defects in patients, including individuals with mild lymphocytic infiltration and minimal …             PIK3CA mutation analysis in Chinese patients with surgically resected cervical cancer ▶     Libing Xiang, Wei Jiang, Jiajia Li et al.     The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological and prognostic relevance of PIK3CA mutations in Chinese patients with surgically resected cervical cancer. PIK3CA …             Association between vitamin C intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies ▶     Hua Fan, Jiantao Kou, Dongdong Han et al.     Quantification of the association between the intake of vitamin C and risk of pancreatic cancer is still conflicting. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to assess the …             Sleep patterns in Amazon rubber tappers with and without electric light at home ▶     C. R. C. Moreno, S. Vasconcelos, E. C. Marqueze et al.     Today’s modern society is exposed to artificial electric lighting in addition to the natural light-dark cycle. Studies assessing the impact of electric light exposure on sleep …             Age at menarche and endometrial cancer risk: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies ▶     Ting-Ting Gong, Yong-Lai Wang, Xiao-Xin Ma     Evidence between age at menarche and endometrial cancer risk have been controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies to analyze the aforementioned …             Hyperinsulinemia shifted energy supply from glucose to ketone bodies in early nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from high-fat high-sucrose diet induced Bama minipigs ▶     Shu-lin Yang, Ji-han Xia, Yuan-yuan Zhang et al.     The minipig can serve as a good pharmacological model for human subjects. However, the long-term pathogenesis of high-calorie diet-induced metabolic syndromes, including NASH, …             Experimental study of the protective effects of SYVN1 against diabetic retinopathy ▶     Shuo Yang, Heng He, Qi Si Ma et al.     Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). While many studies have focused on genes that increase susceptibility to DR, herein, we …             Non-Classical monocytes display inflammatory features: Validation in Sepsis and Systemic Lupus Erythematous ▶     Ratnadeep Mukherjee, Pijus Kanti Barman, Pravat Kumar Thatoi et al.     Given the importance of monocytes in pathogenesis of infectious and other inflammatory disorders, delineating functional and phenotypic characterization of monocyte subsets has …             Endofin, a novel BMP-SMAD regulator of the iron-regulatory hormone, hepcidin ▶     Justin B. Goh, Daniel F. Wallace, Wanjin Hong et al.     BMP-SMAD signalling plays a crucial role in numerous biological processes including embryonic development and iron homeostasis. Dysregulation of the iron-regulatory hormone …             Detection of Langat virus by TaqMan real-time one-step qRT-PCR method ▶     Siti Fatimah Muhd Radzi, Claudia Rückert, Sing-Sin Sam et al.     Langat virus (LGTV), one of the members of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) complex, was firstly isolated from Ixodes granulatus ticks in Malaysia. However, the …             Selective Negative Allosteric Modulation Of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors – A Structural Perspective of Ligands and Mutants ▶     Kasper Harpsøe, Vignir Isberg, Benjamin G. Tehan et al.     The metabotropic glutamate receptors have a wide range of modulatory functions in the central nervous system. They are among the most highly pursued drug targets, with relevance …             Plasma Levels of High Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T in Adults with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot ▶     Clare T. M. Lai, Sophia J. Wong, Janice J. K. Ip et al.     Detectable low circulating level of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) may reflect subclinical myocardial injury. We tested the hypothesis that circulating levels of hs-cTnT are altered …             Novel WT1 Missense Mutations in Han Chinese Women with Premature Ovarian Failure ▶     Huidan Wang, Guangyu Li, Jun Zhang et al.     Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a heterogeneous disease. Though dozens of candidate genes have been identified for the genetic etiology of POF, it is largely unexplained in …             Action mechanism of corticosteroids to aggravate Guillain-Barré syndrome ▶     Yu-Zhong Wang, Hui Lv, Qi-Guang Shi et al.     Corticosteroids have been proved to be ineffective for Guillain-Barré syndrome, but the mechanism remains unknown. In a rabbit model of axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome, treatment …             Latent virus infection upregulates CD40 expression facilitating enhanced autoimmunity in a model of multiple sclerosis ▶     Costanza Casiraghi, Ana Citlali Márquez, Iryna Shanina et al.     Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been identified as a putative environmental trigger of multiple sclerosis (MS) by multiple groups working worldwide. Previously, we reported that …             The severity of initial acute kidney injury at admission of geriatric patients significantly correlates with subsequent in-hospital complications ▶     Chia-Ter Chao, Hung-Bin Tsai, Chia-Yi Wu et al.     Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with higher hospital mortality. However, the relationship between geriatric AKI and in-hospital complications is unclear. We prospectively …             Collagen Q and anti-MuSK autoantibody competitively suppress agrin/LRP4/MuSK signaling ▶     Kenji Otsuka, Mikako Ito, Bisei Ohkawara et al.     MuSK antibody-positive myasthenia gravis (MuSK-MG) accounts for 5 to 15% of autoimmune MG. MuSK and LRP4 are coreceptors for agrin in the signaling pathway that causes clustering …             GSTP1 and GSTO1 single nucleotide polymorphisms and the response of bladder cancer patients to intravesical chemotherapy ▶     Xiaheng Deng, Xiao Yang, Yidong Cheng et al.     SNPs may restrict cell detoxification activity and be a potential risk factor for cancer chemosensitivity. We evaluated the predictive value of these polymorphisms on the …             Molecular Basis for the Regulation of Transcriptional Coactivator p300 in Myogenic Differentiation ▶     Jihong Chen, Yingjian Wang, Munerah Hamed et al.     Skeletal myogenesis is a highly ordered process which specifically depends on the function of transcriptional coactivator p300. Previous studies have established that Akt/protein …             Transfer of regulatory T cells into abortion-prone mice promotes the expansion of uterine mast cells and normalizes early pregnancy angiogenesis ▶     Katja Woidacki, Nicole Meyer, Anne Schumacher et al.     Implantation of the fertilized egg depends on the coordinated interplay of cells and molecules that prepare the uterus for this important event. In particular, regulatory T cells …             EGFR Exon 18 Mutations in East Asian Patients with Lung Adenocarcinomas: A Comprehensive Investigation of Prevalence, Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Prognosis ▶     Chao Cheng, Rui Wang, Yuan Li et al.     Our aim was to investigate the clinical and pathologic characteristics of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 18 mutations in East Asian lung adenocarcinomas …             Early maternal relational traumatic experiences and psychopathological symptoms: a longitudinal study on mother-infant and father-infant interactions ▶     Renata Tambelli, Silvia Cimino, Luca Cerniglia et al.     Early maternal relational traumas and psychopathological risk can have an impact on mother-infant interactions. Research has suggested the study of fathers and of their …             Deletion of integrin α7 subunit does not aggravate the phenotype of laminin α2 chain-deficient mice ▶     Kinga I. Gawlik, Madeleine Durbeej     Laminin-211 is a major constituent of the skeletal muscle basement membrane, exerting its biological functions by binding to cell surface receptors integrin α7β1 and dystroglycan …             Mortality from contact-related epidemics among indigenous populations in Greater Amazonia ▶     Robert S. Walker, Lisa Sattenspiel, Kim R. Hill     European expansion and contact with indigenous populations led to catastrophic depopulation primarily through the introduction of novel infectious diseases to which native …             An Updated Meta-Analysis of Laparoscopic Versus Open Repair for Perforated Peptic Ulcer ▶     Chunhua Zhou, Weizhi Wang, Jiwei Wang et al.     Laparoscopic repair (LR) for perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) has been introduced since 1990. Although many studies comparing LR with open repair (OR) have been published, …             Ticagrelor overcomes high platelet reactivity in patients with acute myocardial infarction or coronary artery in-stent restenosis: a randomized controlled trial ▶     Pan Li, Yawei Yang, Tao Chen et al.     High on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) is accompanied by an increased risk of adverse outcomes. Direct comparison of the antiplatelet effects between ticagrelor and …             Serum amyloid-beta levels are increased in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ▶     Xian-Le Bu, Yu-Hui Liu, Qing-Hua Wang et al.     A critical link between amyloid-beta (Aβ) and hypoxia has been demonstrated in in vitro and animal studies but has not yet been proven in humans. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome …             Monocyte-derived macrophage assisted breast cancer cell invasion as a personalized, predictive metric to score metastatic risk ▶     Keon-Young Park, Gande Li, Manu O. Platt     Patient-to-patient variability in breast cancer progression complicates clinical treatment decisions. Of women undergoing prophylactic mastectomies, many may not have progressed …             Comparison of digital PCR platforms and semi-nested qPCR as a tool to determine the size of the HIV reservoir ▶     K. J. Bosman, M. Nijhuis, P. M. van Ham et al.     HIV persists in latently infected cells of patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). This persistent proviral DNA reservoir is an important predictor of viral rebound upon …             Subsequent Type 2 Diabetes in Patients with Autoimmune Disease ▶     Kari Hemminki, Xiangdong Liu, Asta Försti et al.     Immunological data show that type 2 diabetes (T2D) manifests autoimmune features. We wanted to test the association epidemiologically by assessing subsequent diagnosis of T2D …             Identification of two novel mutations in CDHR1 in consanguineous Spanish families with autosomal recessive retinal dystrophy ▶     Konstantinos Nikopoulos, Almudena Avila-Fernandez, Marta Corton et al.     Inherited retinal dystrophies present extensive phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, posing a challenge for patients’ molecular and clinical diagnoses. In this study, we wanted …             Serotonin transporter gene polymorphism modulates inflammatory cytokine responses during acute stress ▶     Kaori Yamakawa, Masahiro Matsunaga, Tokiko Isowa et al.     Cytokines are important mediators of various stress-related modulations of immune function. A major genetic factor determining inter-individual differences in stress reactivity …             Epitopes in α8β1 and other RGD-binding integrins delineate classes of integrin-blocking antibodies and major binding loops in α subunits ▶     Norihisa Nishimichi, Nagako Kawashima, Yasuyuki Yokosaki     Identification of epitopes for integrin-blocking monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has aided our understanding of structure-function relationship of integrins. We mapped epitopes of …             Increase in dicentric chromosome formation after a single CT scan in adults ▶     Yu Abe, Tomisato Miura, Mitsuaki A. Yoshida et al.     Excess risk of leukemia and brain tumors after CT scans in children has been reported. We performed dicentric chromosome assay (DCAs) before and after CT scan to assess effects …             Clinicopathological significance of c-KIT mutation in gastrointestinal stromal tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Lin Yan, Lei Zou, Wenhua Zhao et al.     Many types of KIT mutations have been observed in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), but their prognostic and predictive significance are still unclear. A meta-analysis and …             Rapid Bacterial Identification, Resistance, Virulence and Type Profiling using Selected Reaction Monitoring Mass Spectrometry ▶     Yannick Charretier, Olivier Dauwalder, Christine Franceschi et al.     Mass spectrometry (MS) in Selected Reaction Monitoring (SRM) mode is proposed for in-depth characterisation of microorganisms in a multiplexed analysis. Within 60–80 minutes, the …             Early amplitude-integrated electroencephalography predicts brain injury and neurological outcome in very preterm infants ▶     Juan Song, Falin Xu, Laishuan Wang et al.     Early amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) has been widely used in term infants with brain injury to predict neurodevelopmental outcomes; however, the prognostic …             Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials on the Safety of Vascular Closure Devices for Femoral Arterial Puncture Site Haemostasis ▶     Jun Jiang, Junjie Zou, Hao Ma et al.     The safety of vascular closure devices (VCDs) is still debated. The emergence of more related randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and newer VCDs makes it necessary to further …             Prognostic value of parotid lymph node metastasis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving intensity-modulated radiotherapy ▶     Yuan Zhang, Wen-Fei Li, Lei Chen et al.     The prognostic value and staging category of parotid lymph node (PLN) metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain unknown. We retrospectively reviewed MRI scans and …             Overexpression of miRNA-497 inhibits tumor angiogenesis by targeting VEGFR2 ▶     Yingfeng Tu, Li Liu, Dongliang Zhao et al.     Recent studies reported miR-497 exhibited inhibitory effects in various cancers. However, whether miR-497 is involved in inhibiting angiogenesis, which is critical for tumor …             A whole-genome RNAi screen uncovers a novel role for human potassium channels in cell killing by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica ▶     Chelsea Marie, Hans P. Verkerke, Dan Theodorescu et al.     The parasite Entamoeba histolytica kills human cells resulting in ulceration, inflammation and invasion of the colonic epithelium. We used the cytotoxic properties of ameba to …             Spatio-temporal distribution of human lifespan in China ▶     Shaobin Wang, Kunli Luo, Yonglin Liu     Based on the data of latest three Chinese population censuses (1990–2010), four lifespan indicators were calculated: centenarians per one hundred thousand inhabitants (CH); …             Targeted Knockdown of the Kinetochore Protein D40/Knl-1 Inhibits Human Cancer in a p53 Status-Independent Manner ▶     Yuri N. Urata, Fumitaka Takeshita, Hiroki Tanaka et al.     The D40 gene encodes a kinetochore protein that plays an essential role in kinetochore formation during mitosis. Short inhibitory RNA against D40, D40 siRNA, has been shown to …             Exploring novel mechanistic insights in Alzheimer’s disease by assessing reliability of protein interactions ▶     Ashutosh Malhotra, Erfan Younesi, Sudeep Sahadevan et al.     Protein interaction networks are widely used in computational biology as a graphical means of representing higher-level systemic functions in a computable form. Although, many …             Simvastatin may induce insulin resistance through a novel fatty acid mediated cholesterol independent mechanism ▶     Vasundhara Kain, Bandish Kapadia, Parimal Misra et al.     Statins are a class of oral drugs that are widely used for treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Recent clinical data suggest that chronic use of these drugs increases the frequency …             Microdissection of Human Esophagogastric Junction Wall with Phase-contrast X-ray CT Imaging ▶     Jianfa Zhang, Guangzhao Zhou, Dongping Tian et al.     Phase-contrast x-ray imaging using an x-ray interferometer has great potential to reveal the structures inside soft tissues, because the sensitivity of this method to hydrogen, …             Modeling the transmission dynamics of Ebola virus disease in Liberia ▶     Zhi-Qiang Xia, Shi-Fu Wang, Shen-Long Li et al.     Ebola virus disease (EVD) has erupted many times in some zones since it was first found in 1976. The 2014 EVD outbreak in West Africa is the largest ever, which has caused a …             Dystrophin deficiency reduces atherosclerotic plaque development in ApoE-null mice ▶     Annelie Shami, Anki Knutsson, Pontus Dunér et al.     Dystrophin of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex connects the actin cytoskeleton to basement membranes and loss of dystrophin results in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. We have …             Bacterial inhibition potential of 3D rapid-prototyped magnesium-based porous composite scaffolds–an in vitro efficacy study ▶     Rui Ma, Yu-xiao Lai, Long Li et al.     Bone infections are common in trauma-induced open fractures with bone defects. Therefore, developing anti-infection scaffolds for repairing bone defects is desirable. This study …             Aquaporin-1 Deficiency Protects Against Myocardial Infarction by Reducing Both Edema and Apoptosis in Mice ▶     Lihua Li, Zhiyong Weng, Chenjuan Yao et al.     Many studies have determined that AQP1 plays an important role in edema formation and resolution in various tissues via water transport across the cell membrane. The aim of this …             Adenylate Cyclase Toxin promotes bacterial internalisation into non phagocytic cells ▶     César Martín, Asier Etxaniz, Kepa B. Uribe et al.     Bordetella pertussis causes whooping cough, a respiratory infectious disease that is the fifth largest cause of vaccine-preventable death in infants. Though historically …             Inhibitory effect of caffeic acid on ADP-induced thrombus formation and platelet activation involves mitogen-activated protein kinases ▶     Yu Lu, Quan Li, Yu-Ying Liu et al.     Caffeic acid (CA), one of the active constituents of Radix Salvia miltiorrhizae, exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. However, few studies have assessed the …             Epigenetic Regulation of Antibody Responses by the Histone H2A Deubiquitinase MYSM1 ▶     Xiao-Xia Jiang, YuChia Chou, Lindsey Jones et al.     B cell-mediated antibody response plays critical roles in protective immunity, as well as in the pathogenesis of allergic and autoimmune diseases. Epigenetic histone and DNA …             Mycofabricated biosilver nanoparticles interrupt Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing systems ▶     Braj R. Singh, Brahma N. Singh, Akanksha Singh et al.     Quorum sensing (QS) is a chemical communication process that Pseudomonas aeruginosa uses to regulate virulence and biofilm formation. Disabling of QS is an emerging approach for …             Exosomal miR-223 Contributes to Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Elicited Cardioprotection in Polymicrobial Sepsis ▶     Xiaohong Wang, Haitao Gu, Dongze Qin et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to elicit cardio-protective effects in sepsis. However, the underlying mechanism remains obscure. 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