Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 27 October 2015

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27 October 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Nature Milestones: Mass Spectrometry is a collaboration from Nature Methods, Nature, Nature Biotechnology, Nature Chemical Biology and Nature Protocols. Access the Milestone articles free online. The accompanying Collection articles will be made freely available for six months. Produced with support from: SCIEX Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. Waters Corporation         Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences               Biological Sciences ▲ top               Induction of Gametogenesis in the Cnidarian Endosymbiosis Model Aiptasia sp. ▶     Désirée Grawunder, Elizabeth A. Hambleton, Madeline Bucher et al.     Endosymbiosis is widespread among cnidarians and is of high ecological relevance. The tropical sea anemone Aiptasia sp. is a laboratory model system for endosymbiosis between …             Intraspecific diversity among partners drives functional variation in coral symbioses ▶     John Everett Parkinson, Anastazia T. Banaszak, Naomi S. Altman et al.     The capacity of coral-dinoflagellate mutualisms to adapt to a changing climate relies in part on standing variation in host and symbiont populations, but rarely have the …             The influence of red pepper powder on the density of Weissella koreensis during kimchi fermentation ▶     Bo Kyoung Kang, Min Seok Cho, Tae-Young Ahn et al.     Weissella koreensis is a psychrophilic bacterium that is the dominant species found in kimchi and exhibits anti-obesity effects via its production of ornithine. In this study, we …             Efficient synthesis of stably adenylated DNA and RNA adapters for microRNA capture using T4 RNA ligase 1 ▶     Yunke Song, Kelvin J Liu, Tza-Huei Wang     MicroRNA profiling methods have become increasingly important due to the rapid rise of microRNA in both basic and translational sciences. A critical step in many microRNA …             Environmental neurotoxin interaction with proteins: Dose-dependent increase of free and protein-associated BMAA (β-N-methylamino-L-alanine) in neonatal rat brain ▶     Oskar Karlsson, Liying Jiang, Lisa Ersson et al.     β-Methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is implicated in the aetiology of neurodegenerative disorders. Neonatal exposure to BMAA induces cognitive impairments and progressive …             Trypsin- and low pH-mediated fusogenicity of avian metapneumovirus fusion proteins is determined by residues at positions 100, 101 and 294 ▶     Bingling Yun, Xiaolu Guan, Yongzhen Liu et al.     Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are members of the genus Metapneumovirus in the subfamily Pneumovirinae. Metapneumovirus fusion (F) protein mediates …             Nitrogen fluxes at the root-soil interface show a mismatch of nitrogen fertilizer supply and sugarcane root uptake capacity ▶     Richard Brackin, Torgny Näsholm, Nicole Robinson et al.     Globally only ≈50% of applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer is captured by crops, and the remainder can cause pollution via runoff and gaseous emissions. Synchronizing soil N supply …             Electron microscopic recording of myosin head power stroke in hydrated myosin filaments ▶     Haruo Sugi, Shigeru Chaen, Tsuyoshi Akimoto et al.     Muscle contraction results from cyclic attachment and detachment between myosin heads and actin filaments, coupled with ATP hydrolysis. Despite extensive studies, however, the …             Rational regional distribution of sugarcane cultivars in China ▶     Jun Luo, Yong-Bao Pan, Liping Xu et al.     Knowing yield potential and yield stability of sugarcane cultivars is of significance in guiding sugarcane breeding and rationalising regional distribution of sugarcane …             Identification of novel alleles of the rice blast resistance gene Pi54 ▶     Kumar Vasudevan, Wilhelm Gruissem, Navreet K. Bhullar     Rice blast is one of the most devastating rice diseases and continuous resistance breeding is required to control the disease. The rice blast resistance gene Pi54 initially …             Detection and characterization of mineralo-organic nanoparticles in human kidneys ▶     Tsui-Yin Wong, Cheng-Yeu Wu, Jan Martel et al.     Ectopic calcification is associated with various human diseases, including atherosclerosis, cancer, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Although mineral nanoparticles …             Ezh2 is involved in radial neuronal migration through regulating Reelin expression in cerebral cortex ▶     Linnan Zhao, Jun Li, Yuanlin Ma et al.     Radial migration of pyramidal neurons is an important event during the development of cerebral cortex. Neurons experience series of morphological and directional transitions to …             Control of litchi downy blight by zeamines produced by Dickeya zeae ▶     Lisheng Liao, Jianuan Zhou, Huishan Wang et al.     Zeamines (ZMS), a class of polyamine-polyketide-nonribosomal peptide produced by bacterial isolate Dickeya zeae, were shown recently to be potent antibiotics against some …             Disruption of diapause induction by TALEN-based gene mutagenesis in relation to a unique neuropeptide signaling pathway in Bombyx ▶     Kunihiro Shiomi, Yoko Takasu, Masayo Kunii et al.     The insect neuropeptide family FXPRLa, which carries the Phe-Xaa-Pro-Arg-Leu-NH2 sequence at the C-terminus, is involved in many physiological processes. Although ligand–receptor …             Three dimensional imaging of gold-nanoparticles tagged samples using phase retrieval with two focus planes ▶     Tali Ilovitsh, Asaf Ilovitsh, Aryeh Weiss et al.     Optical sectioning microscopy can provide highly detailed three dimensional (3D) images of biological samples. However, it requires acquisition of many images per volume, and is …             Exceptionally large entropy contributions enable the high rates of GTP hydrolysis on the ribosome ▶     Johan Åqvist, Shina C.L. Kamerlin     Protein synthesis on the ribosome involves hydrolysis of GTP in several key steps of the mRNA translation cycle. These steps are catalyzed by the translational GTPases of which …             Noninvasive imaging of radiolabeled exosome-mimetic nanovesicle using 99mTc-HMPAO ▶     Do Won Hwang, Hongyoon Choi, Su Chul Jang et al.     Exosomes known as nano-sized extracellular vesicles attracted recent interests due to their potential usefulness in drug delivery. Amid remarkable advances in biomedical …             Nucleosome alterations caused by mutations at modifiable histone residues in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Hongde Liu, Pingyan Wang, Lingjie Liu et al.     Nucleosome organization exhibits dynamic properties depending on the cell state and environment. Histone proteins, fundamental components of nucleosomes, are subject to chemical …             The nasopharyngeal microbiota of feedlot cattle ▶     Devin B. Holman, Edouard Timsit, Trevor W. Alexander     The bovine nasopharyngeal tract plays an important role in animal health and welfare by acting as a site for the carriage of pathogens causing bovine respiratory disease, a …             Use of ordinal information by fish ▶     Maria Elena Miletto Petrazzini, Tyrone Lucon-Xiccato, Christian Agrillo et al.     Mammals and birds can process ordinal numerical information which can be used, for instance, for recognising an object on the basis of its position in a sequence of similar …             Astroglial β-Arrestin1-mediated Nuclear Signaling Regulates the Expansion of Neural Precursor Cells in Adult Hippocampus ▶     Yezheng Tao, Li Ma, Zhaohui Liao et al.     Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is crucial for preserving normal brain function, but how it is regulated by niche cells is uncertain. Here we show that β-arrestin 1 (β-arr1) in …             Trans-presentation of IL-15 modulates STAT5 activation and Bcl-6 expression in TH1 cells ▶     Ian D. Cooley, Kaitlin A. Read, Kenneth J. Oestreich     During infection, naïve CD4+ T helper cells differentiate into specialized effector subsets based upon environmental signals propagated by the cytokine milieu. Recently, this …             Screening and Identifying a Novel ssDNA Aptamer against Alpha-fetoprotein Using CE-SELEX ▶     Lili Dong, Qiwen Tan, Wei Ye et al.     Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a liver cancer associated protein and has long been utilized as a serum tumor biomarker of disease progression. AFP is usually detected in HCC patients …             Elucidating temporal resource allocation and diurnal dynamics in phototrophic metabolism using conditional FBA ▶     Marco Rügen, Alexander Bockmayr, Ralf Steuer     The computational analysis of phototrophic growth using constraint-based optimization requires to go beyond current time-invariant implementations of flux-balance analysis (FBA). …             Interaction between PVY HC-Pro and the NtCF1β-subunit reduces the amount of chloroplast ATP synthase in virus-infected tobacco ▶     Yayi Tu, Yongsheng Jin, Dongyuan Ma et al.     The photosynthetic rate of virus-infected plants is always reduced. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unclear. The helper component-proteinase …             The inverted free energy landscape of an intrinsically disordered peptide by simulations and experiments ▶     Daniele Granata, Fahimeh Baftizadeh, Johnny Habchi et al.     The free energy landscape theory has been very successful in rationalizing the folding behaviour of globular proteins, as this representation provides intuitive information on …             Phenotypic, Morphological and Adhesive Differences of Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Cultured on Murine versus Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ▶     Doreen Reichert, Jens Friedrichs, Steffi Ritter et al.     Xenogenic transplantation models have been developed to study human hematopoiesis in immunocompromised murine recipients. They still have limitations and therefore it is …             High-throughput genotyping of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutants using fluorescent PCR-capillary gel electrophoresis ▶     Muhammad Khairul Ramlee, Tingdong Yan, Alice M. S. Cheung et al.     Recent advances in the engineering of sequence-specific synthetic nucleases provide enormous opportunities for genetic manipulation of gene expression in order to study their …             Integrated analysis of miRNA and mRNA paired expression profiling of prenatal skeletal muscle development in three genotype pigs ▶     Zhonglin Tang, Yalan Yang, Zishuai Wang et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in muscle development by binding to messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Based on prenatal skeletal muscle at 33, 65 and 90 days post-coitus (dpc) from …             The protective role of montelukast against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats ▶     Shenbao Wu, Xuxing Zhu, Zhonghai Jin et al.     Several drugs are effective in attenuating intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI); however little is known about the effect of montelukast. Fifty rats were randomly …             Global hotspots in the present-day distribution of ancient animal and plant lineages ▶     Şerban Procheş, Syd Ramdhani, Sandun J. Perera et al.     The current distribution of biotic lineages that emerged in the deep time has both theoretical and practical implications, in particular for understanding the processes that have …             Screening and identification of five serum proteins as novel potential biomarkers for cured pulmonary tuberculosis ▶     Chong Wang, Li-Liang Wei, Li-Ying Shi et al.     Rapid and efficient methods for the determination of cured tuberculosis (TB) are lacking. A total of 85 differentially expressed serum proteins were identified by iTRAQ labeling …             Gold Nanoparticle Aggregation as a Probe of Antifreeze (Glyco) Protein-Inspired Ice Recrystallization Inhibition and Identification of New IRI Active Macromolecules ▶     Daniel E. Mitchell, Thomas Congdon, Alison Rodger et al.     Antifreeze (glyco)proteins are found in polar fish species and act to slow the rate of growth of ice crystals; a property known as ice recrystallization inhibition. The ability …             Thermodynamics of protein denaturation at temperatures over 100 °C: CutA1 mutant proteins substituted with hydrophobic and charged residues ▶     Yoshinori Matsuura, Michiyo Takehira, Yasumasa Joti et al.     Although the thermodynamics of protein denaturation at temperatures over 100 °C is essential for the rational design of highly stable proteins, it is not understood well because …             Nationwide trophic cascades: changes in avian community structure driven by ungulates ▶     Georgina Palmer, Philip A. Stephens, Alastair I. Ward et al.     In recent decades, many ungulate populations have changed dramatically in abundance, resulting in cascading effects across ecosystems. However, studies of such effects are often …             Endogenously elevated bilirubin modulates kidney function and protects from circulating oxidative stress in a rat model of adenine-induced kidney failure ▶     Ai-Ching Boon, Alfred K. Lam, Vinod Gopalan et al.     Mildly elevated bilirubin is associated with a reduction in the presence and progression of chronic kidney disease and related mortality, which may be attributed to bilirubin’s …             Tumor-induced lymph node alterations detected by MRI lymphography using gadolinium nanoparticles ▶     S. C. Partridge, B. F. Kurland, C.-L. Liu et al.     Contrast-enhanced MRI lymphography shows potential to identify alterations in lymph drainage through lymph nodes (LNs) in cancer and other diseases. MRI studies have typically …             A simple optimization approach for improving target dose homogeneity in intensity-modulated radiotherapy for sinonasal cancer ▶     Jia-Yang Lu, Ji-Yong Zhang, Mei Li et al.     Homogeneous target dose distribution in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for sinonasal cancer (SNC) is challenging to achieve. To solve this problem, we established and …             Hirsutella sinensis mycelium attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in vivo ▶     Tsung-Teng Huang, Hsin-Chih Lai, Yun-Fei Ko et al.     Hirsutella sinensis mycelium (HSM), the anamorph of Cordyceps sinensis, is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties. We …             Tiagabine Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Neurotoxins by Inhibiting Microglial Activation ▶     Jie Liu, Dongping Huang, Jing Xu et al.     Microglial activation and inflammation are associated with progressive neuronal apoptosis in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). γ-Aminobutyric acid …             Vagal modulation of high mobility group box-1 protein mediates electroacupuncture-induced cardioprotection in ischemia-reperfusion injury ▶     Juan Zhang, Yue Yong, Xing Li et al.     Excessive release of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein from ischemic cardiomyocytes activates inflammatory cascades and enhances myocardial injury after reperfusion. Here …             Erratum: Reward feedback stimuli elicit high-beta EEG oscillations in human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ▶     Azadeh HajiHosseini, Clay B. Holroyd                 Mixed-mode resins: taking shortcut in downstream processing of raw-starch digesting α-amylases ▶     Nikola Lončar, Marinela Šokarda Slavić, Zoran Vujčić et al.     Bacillus licheniformis 9945a α-amylase is known as a potent enzyme for raw starch hydrolysis. In this paper, a mixed mode Nuvia cPrime™ resin is examined with the aim to improve …             Toxicological and biochemical analyses demonstrate no toxic effect of Cry1C and Cry2A to Folsomia candida ▶     Yan Yang, Xiuping Chen, Lisheng Cheng et al.     Collembolans are common soil arthropods that may be exposed to insecticidal proteins produced in genetically engineered (GE) plants by ingestion of crop residues or root …             Light exposure before learning improves memory consolidation at night ▶     Li-Li Shan, Hao Guo, Ning-Ning Song et al.     Light is recently recognized as a modulator able to activate the hippocampus and modulate memory processing, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms. Here, we report …             Integrated multi-omics analyses reveal the pleiotropic nature of the control of gene expression by Puf3p ▶     Christopher J. Kershaw, Joseph L. Costello, David Talavera et al.     The PUF family of RNA-binding proteins regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Puf3p is characterised as binding nuclear-encoded mRNAs …             Characterizing novel endogenous retroviruses from genetic variation inferred from short sequence reads ▶     Tobias Mourier, Sarah Mollerup, Lasse Vinner et al.     From Illumina sequencing of DNA from brain and liver tissue from the lion, Panthera leo, and tumor samples from the pike-perch, Sander lucioperca, we obtained two assembled …             Silencing NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase results in reduced acaricide resistance in Tetranychus cinnabarinus (Boisduval) ▶     Li Shi, Jiao Zhang, Guangmao Shen et al.     Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are involved in metabolic resistance to insecticides and require NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) to transfer electrons when they …             Genetic and functional characterization of HIV-1 Vif on APOBEC3G degradation: First report of emergence of B/C recombinants from North India ▶     Larance Ronsard, Rameez Raja, Vaishali Panwar et al.     HIV-1 is characterized by high genetic heterogeneity which is a challenge for developing therapeutics. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the extent of genetic variations …             From light-harvesting to photoprotection: structural basis of the dynamic switch of the major antenna complex of plants (LHCII) ▶     Nicoletta Liguori, Xavier Periole, Siewert J. Marrink et al.     Light-Harvesting Complex II (LHCII) is largely responsible for light absorption and excitation energy transfer in plants in light-limiting conditions, while in high-light it …             Identification of a phosphinothricin-resistant mutant of rice glutamine synthetase using DNA shuffling ▶     Yong-Sheng Tian, Jing Xu, Wei Zhao et al.     To date, only bar/pat gene derived from Streptomyces has been used to generate the commercial PPT-resistant crops currently available in the market. The limited source of bar/pat …             Diversity and distribution of fungal communities in the marine sediments of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (High Arctic) ▶     Tao Zhang, Neng Fei Wang, Yu Qin Zhang et al.     This study assessed the diversity and distribution of fungal communities in eight marine sediments of Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, High Arctic) using 454 pyrosequencing with …             Water and nitrogen availability co-control ecosystem CO2 exchange in a semiarid temperate steppe ▶     Xiaolin Zhang, Yulian Tan, Ang Li et al.     Both water and nitrogen (N) availability have significant effects on ecosystem CO2 exchange (ECE), which includes net ecosystem productivity (NEP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and …             The SUMO Protease SENP3 Orchestrates G2-M Transition and Spindle Assembly in Mouse Oocytes ▶     Chun-Jie Huang, Di Wu, Faheem Ahmed Khan et al.     Oocyte meiosis is a transcription quiescence process and the cell-cycle progression is coordinated by multiple post-translational modifications, including SUMOylation. SENP3 an …             Multiple Simulated Annealing-Molecular Dynamics (MSA-MD) for Conformational Space Search of Peptide and Miniprotein ▶     Ge-Fei Hao, Wei-Fang Xu, Sheng-Gang Yang et al.     Protein and peptide structure predictions are of paramount importance for understanding their functions, as well as the interactions with other molecules. However, the use of …             Genetic analysis of capsular polysaccharide synthesis gene clusters in 79 capsular types of Klebsiella spp ▶     Yi-Jiun Pan, Tzu-Lung Lin, Chun-Tang Chen et al.     A total of 79 capsular types have been reported in Klebsiella spp., whereas capsular polysaccharide synthesis (cps) regions were available in only 22 types. Due to the …             Apoptosis of tumor infiltrating effector TIM-3+CD8+ T cells in colon cancer ▶     Chiao-Wen Kang, Avijit Dutta, Li-Yuan Chang et al.     TIM-3 functions to enforce CD8+ T cell exhaustion, a dysfunctional state associated with the tolerization of tumor microenvironment. Here we report apoptosis of IFN-γ competent …             DNA methylation signatures of long intergenic noncoding RNAs in porcine adipose and muscle tissues ▶     Zhong-Yin Zhou, Aimin Li, Li-Gang Wang et al.     Long intergenic noncoding RNAs (lincRNAs) are one of the major unexplored components of genomes. Here we re-analyzed a published methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing …             Early-life experience affects honey bee aggression and resilience to immune challenge ▶     Clare C. Rittschof, Chelsey B. Coombs, Maryann Frazier et al.     Early-life social experiences cause lasting changes in behavior and health for a variety of animals including humans, but it is not well understood how social information ‘‘gets …             Subdiffraction localization of a nanostructured photosensitizer in bacterial cells ▶     Pietro Delcanale, Francesca Pennacchietti, Giulio Maestrini et al.     Antibacterial treatments based on photosensitized production of reactive oxygen species is a promising approach to address local microbial infections. Given the small size of …             Neurodegeneration and Cancer: Where the Disorder Prevails ▶     Petr Klus, Davide Cirillo, Teresa Botta Orfila et al.     It has been reported that genes up-regulated in cancer are often down-regulated in neurodegenerative disorders and vice versa. The fact that apparently unrelated diseases share …             Great influence of geographic isolation on the genetic differentiation of Myriophyllum spicatum under a steep environmental gradient ▶     Zhigang Wu, Dan Yu, Zhong Wang et al.     Understanding how natural processes affect population genetic structures is an important issue in evolutionary biology. One effective method is to assess the relative importance …             A load of mice to hypergravity causes AMPKα repression with liver injury, which is overcome by preconditioning loads via Nrf2 ▶     Sang Gil Lee, Chan Gyu Lee, Hong Min Wu et al.     An understanding of the effects of hypergravity on energy homeostasis is necessary in managing proper physiological countermeasures for aerospace missions. This study …             Neural tube opening and abnormal extraembryonic membrane development in SEC23A deficient mice ▶     Min Zhu, Jiayi Tao, Matthew P. Vasievich et al.     COPII (coat protein complex-II) vesicles transport proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi. Higher eukaryotes have two or more paralogs of most COPII …             Inverse relationship between chitobiase and transglycosylation activities of chitinase-D from Serratia proteamaculans revealed by mutational and biophysical analyses ▶     Jogi Madhuprakash, Kishore Babu Bobbili, Bruno M. Moerschbacher et al.     Serratia proteamaculans chitinase-D (SpChiD) has a unique combination of hydrolytic and transglycosylation (TG) activities. The TG activity of SpChiD can be used for large-scale …             Single Canonical Model of Reflexive Memory and Spatial Attention ▶     Saumil S. Patel, Stuart Red, Eric Lin et al.     Many neurons in the dorsal and ventral visual stream have the property that after a brief visual stimulus presentation in their receptive field, the spiking activity in these …             Lactate dehydrogenase-A inhibition induces human glioblastoma multiforme stem cell differentiation and death ▶     Simona Daniele, Chiara Giacomelli, Elisa Zappelli et al.     Therapies that target the signal transduction and metabolic pathways of cancer stem cells (CSCs) are innovative strategies to effectively reduce the recurrence and significantly …             Overshoot during phenotypic switching of cancer cell populations ▶     Alessandro L. Sellerio, Emilio Ciusani, Noa Bossel Ben-Moshe et al.     The dynamics of tumor cell populations is hotly debated: do populations derive hierarchically from a subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs), or are stochastic transitions that …             The post-vaccine microevolution of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae ▶     Amelieke J. H. Cremers, Fredrick M. Mobegi, Marien I. de Jonge et al.     The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV7) has affected the genetic population of Streptococcus pneumoniae in pediatric carriage. Little is known however about …             Metformin Attenuates Testosterone-Induced Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats: A Pharmacological Perspective ▶     Hala H. Mosli, Ahmed Esmat, Reem T. Atawia et al.     Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is uncontrolled proliferation of prostate tissue. Metformin, a widely prescribed anti-diabetic agent, possesses anticancer activity through …             Size does matter: crocodile mothers react more to the voice of smaller offspring ▶     T. Chabert, A. Colin, T. Aubin et al.     Parental care is widespread in Archosaurs (birds, crocodilians, dinosaurs and pterosaurs), and this group provides a useful model for the evolution of parent-offspring …             A Versatile Microarray Platform for Capturing Rare Cells ▶     Falko Brinkmann, Michael Hirtz, Anna Haller et al.     Analyses of rare events occurring at extremely low frequencies in body fluids are still challenging. We established a versatile microarray-based platform able to capture single …             Chronic Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin System Induces Lung Fibrosis ▶     Jiaolong Wang, Li Chen, Bohao Chen et al.     Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious lung disorder that can lead to respiratory failure. Here we show that transgenic mice expressing active renin from the liver (RenTgMK) developed …             Intravenous infusion of H2-saline suppresses oxidative stress and elevates antioxidant potential in Thoroughbred horses after racing exercise ▶     Masahiko Yamazaki, Kanichi Kusano, Toru Ishibashi et al.     Upon intensive, exhaustive exercise, exercise-induced reactive oxygen species may exceed the antioxidant defence threshold, consequently resulting in muscular damage or …             Rapid Hepatobiliary Excretion of Micelle-Encapsulated/Radiolabeled Upconverting Nanoparticles as an Integrated Form ▶     Hyo Jung Seo, Sang Hwan Nam, Hyung-Jun Im et al.     In the field of nanomedicine, long term accumulation of nanoparticles (NPs) in the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) such as liver is the major hurdle in clinical translation. …             In vivo optical modulation of neural signals using monolithically integrated two-dimensional neural probe arrays ▶     Yoojin Son, Hyunjoo Jenny Lee, Jeongyeon Kim et al.     Integration of stimulation modalities (e.g. electrical, optical, and chemical) on a large array of neural probes can enable an investigation of important underlying mechanisms of …             Phosphatidic Acid (PA) can Displace PPARα/LXRα Binding to The EGFR Promoter Causing its Transrepression in Luminal Cancer Cells ▶     Madhu Mahankali, Terry Farkaly, Shimpi Bedi et al.     The expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is highly regulated in normal cells, whereas some cancer cells have high constitutive levels. Understanding …             Auditory Sensory Substitution is Intuitive and Automatic with Texture Stimuli ▶     Noelle R. B. Stiles, Shinsuke Shimojo     Millions of people are blind worldwide. Sensory substitution (SS) devices (e.g., vOICe) can assist the blind by encoding a video stream into a sound pattern, recruiting visual …             Engineering a pyridoxal 5’-phosphate supply for cadaverine production by using Escherichia coli whole-cell biocatalysis ▶     Weichao Ma, Weijia Cao, Bowen Zhang et al.     Although the routes of de novo pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) biosynthesis have been well described, studies of the engineering of an intracellular PLP supply are limited, and the …             High-level production of violacein by the newly isolated Duganella violaceinigra str. NI28 and its impact on Staphylococcus aureus ▶     Seong Yeol Choi, Sooyeon Kim, Sungsoo Lyuck et al.     A violacein-producing bacterial strain was isolated and identified as a relative of Duganella violaceinigra YIM 31327 based upon phylogenetic analyses using the 16S rRNA, gyrB …             Largest known Mesozoic multituberculate from Eurasia and implications for multituberculate evolution and biology ▶     Li Xu, Xingliao Zhang, Hanyong Pu et al.     A new multituberculate, Yubaartar zhongyuanensis gen. and sp. nov., is reported from the Upper Cretaceous of Luanchuan County, Henan Province, China. The holotype of the new …             A functional module-based exploration between inflammation and cancer in esophagus ▶     Nannan Liu, Chunhua Li, Yan Huang et al.     Inflammation contributing to the underlying progression of diverse human cancers has been generally appreciated, however, explorations into the molecular links between …             Complex folding and misfolding effects of deer-specific amino acid substitutions in the β2-α2 loop of murine prion protein ▶     Sonya Agarwal, Kristina Döring, Leszek A. Gierusz et al.     The β2–α2 loop of PrPC is a key modulator of disease-associated prion protein misfolding. Amino acids that differentiate mouse (Ser169, Asn173) and deer (Asn169, Thr173) PrPC …             New Insights into the RNA-Binding and E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Activities of Roquins ▶     Qi Zhang, Lixin Fan, Feng Hou et al.     Roquins are a family of highly conserved RNA-binding proteins that also contain a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase domain. They repress constitutive decay elements containing mRNAs …             Neuromodulation accompanying focused ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening ▶     Po-Chun Chu, Hao-Li Liu, Hsin-Yi Lai et al.     Burst-mode focused ultrasound (FUS) induces microbubble cavitation in the vasculature and temporarily disrupts the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to enable therapeutic agent delivery. …             Biplot evaluation of test environments and identification of mega-environment for sugarcane cultivars in China ▶     Jun Luo, Yong-Bao Pan, Youxiong Que et al.     Test environments and classification of regional ecological zones into mega environments are the two key components in regional testing of sugarcane cultivars. This study aims to …             Biconnectivity of the cellular metabolism: A cross-species study and its implication for human diseases ▶     P. Kim, D.-S. Lee, B. Kahng     The maintenance of stability during perturbations is essential for living organisms, and cellular networks organize multiple pathways to enable elements to remain connected and …             TORC2: a novel target for treating age-associated memory impairment ▶     Jennifer L. Johnson, Wei Huang, Gregg Roman et al.     Memory decline is one of the greatest health threats of the twenty-first century. Because of the widespread increase in life expectancy, 20 percent of the global population will …             Lysine-specific demethylase 1 mediates epidermal growth factor signaling to promote cell migration in ovarian cancer cells ▶     Genbao Shao, Jie Wang, Yuanxia Li et al.     Epigenetic abnormalities play a vital role in the progression of ovarian cancer. Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A) acts as an epigenetic regulator and is overexpressed …             Defective mitochondrial fission augments NLRP3 inflammasome activation ▶     Sangjun Park, Ji-Hee Won, Inhwa Hwang et al.     Despite the fact that deregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory or metabolic disorders, the underlying mechanism by which …             Influence of H7N9 virus infection and associated treatment on human gut microbiota ▶     Nan Qin, Beiwen Zheng, Jian Yao et al.     Between March and June, 2013, forty H7N9 patients were hospitalized in our hospital. Next-generation sequencing technologies have been used to sequence the fecal DNA samples of …             Personality and morphological traits affect pigeon survival from raptor attacks ▶     Carlos D. Santos, Julia F. Cramer, Liviu G. Pârâu et al.     Personality traits have recently been shown to impact fitness in different animal species, potentially making them similarly relevant drivers as morphological and life history …             Rearrangement of MICU1 multimers for activation of MCU is solely controlled by cytosolic Ca2+ ▶     Markus Waldeck-Weiermair, Roland Malli, Warisara Parichatikanond et al.     Mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake is a vital process that controls distinct cell and organelle functions. Mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICU1) was identified as key regulator of the …             The influence of cancer tissue sampling on the identification of cancer characteristics ▶     Hui Xu, Xin Guo, Qiang Sun et al.     Cancer tissue sampling affects the identification of cancer characteristics. We aimed to clarify the source of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in macro-dissected cancer …             Structural and functional analysis of cell adhesion and nuclear envelope nano-topography in cell death ▶     Hyuk-Kwon Kwon, Jae-Hyeok Lee, Hyeon-Jun Shin et al.     The cell death mechanisms of necrosis and apoptosis generate biochemical and morphological changes in different manners. However, the changes that occur in cell adhesion and …             Utilizing the virus-induced blocking of apoptosis in an easy baculovirus titration method ▶     Athanasios Niarchos, George Lagoumintzis, Konstantinos Poulas     Baculovirus-mediated protein expression is a robust experimental technique for producing recombinant higher-eukaryotic proteins because it combines high yields with considerable …             Aquaporin-9-expressing neutrophils are required for the establishment of contact hypersensitivity ▶     Catharina Sagita Moniaga, Sachiko Watanabe, Tetsuya Honda et al.     Aquaporin-9 (AQP9), a water/glycerol channel protein, is expressed in several immune cells including neutrophils; however, its role in immune response remains unknown. Here we …             Increased male fertility using fertility-related biomarkers ▶     Woo-Sung Kwon, Md Saidur Rahman, Do-Yeal Ryu et al.     Conventional semen analyses are used to evaluate male factor fertility/infertility in humans and other animals. However, their clinical value remains controversial. Therefore, …             Sickle cell detection using a smartphone ▶     S. M. Knowlton, I. Sencan, Y. Aytar et al.     Sickle cell disease affects 25% of people living in Central and West Africa and, if left undiagnosed, can cause life threatening “silent” strokes and lifelong damage. However, …             Runx2 contributes to the regenerative potential of the mammary epithelium ▶     Nicola Ferrari, Alessandra I. Riggio, Susan Mason et al.     Although best known for its role in bone development and associated structures the transcription factor RUNX2 is expressed in a wide range of lineages, including those of the …             Corrigendum: Quantifying the Antiviral Effect of IFN on HIV-1 Replication in Cell Culture ▶     Hiroki Ikeda, Ana Godinho-Santos, Sylvie Rato et al.                 Genome-wide protein-protein interactions and protein function exploration in cyanobacteria ▶     Qi Lv, Weimin Ma, Hui Liu et al.     Genome-wide network analysis is well implemented to study proteins of unknown function. Here, we effectively explored protein functions and the biological mechanism based on …             Connexin26 gap junction mediates miRNA intercellular genetic communication in the cochlea and is required for inner ear development ▶     Yan Zhu, Liang Zong, Ling Mei et al.     Organ development requires well-established intercellular communication to coordinate cell proliferations and differentiations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that …             Archived DNA reveals fisheries and climate induced collapse of a major fishery ▶     Sara Bonanomi, Loïc Pellissier, Nina Overgaard Therkildsen et al.     Fishing and climate change impact the demography of marine fishes, but it is generally ignored that many species are made up of genetically distinct locally adapted populations …             Protective Efficacy and Mechanism of Passive Immunization with Polyclonal Antibodies in a Sepsis Model of Staphylococcus aureus Infection ▶     Jinyong Zhang, Feng Yang, Xiaoli Zhang et al.     Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for a diverse spectrum of human diseases, resulting in considerable yearly mortality rates. …             Are invasive plants more competitive than native conspecifics? Patterns vary with competitors ▶     Yulong Zheng, Yulong Feng, Alfonso Valiente-Banuet et al.     Invasive plants are sometimes considered to be more competitive than their native conspecifics, according to the prediction that the invader reallocates resources from defense to …             Metabolomics reveals metabolic changes in male reproductive cells exposed to thirdhand smoke ▶     Bo Xu, Minjian Chen, Mengmeng Yao et al.     Thirdhand smoke (THS) is a new term for the toxins in cigarette smoke that linger in the environment long after the cigarettes are extinguished. The effects of THS exposure on …             Zebrafish Models for Human Acute Organophosphorus Poisoning ▶     Melissa Faria, Natàlia Garcia-Reyero, Francesc Padrós et al.     Terrorist use of organophosphorus-based nerve agents and toxic industrial chemicals against civilian populations constitutes a real threat, as demonstrated by the terrorist …             Aberrant Autophagic Response in The Muscle of A Knock-in Mouse Model of Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy ▶     Paola Rusmini, Maria Josefa Polanco, Riccardo Cristofani et al.     Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is characterized by loss of motoneurons and sensory neurons, accompanied by atrophy of muscle cells. SBMA is due to an androgen receptor …             Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduce Murine Atherosclerosis Development ▶     Vanessa Frodermann, Janine van Duijn, Melissa van Pel et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have regenerative properties, but recently they were also found to have immunomodulatory capacities. We therefore investigated whether MSCs could …             Untangling the biological effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles: the role of surface valence states ▶     Gerardo Pulido-Reyes, Ismael Rodea-Palomares, Soumen Das et al.     Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria; CNPs) have been found to have both pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant effects on different cell systems or organisms. In order to untangle the …             An evidence-based knowledgebase of metastasis suppressors to identify key pathways relevant to cancer metastasis ▶     Min Zhao, Zhe Li, Hong Qu     Metastasis suppressor genes (MS genes) are genes that play important roles in inhibiting the process of cancer metastasis without preventing growth of the primary tumor. …             Epoxides Derived from Dietary Dihomo-Gamma-Linolenic Acid Induce Germ Cell Death in C. elegans ▶     Marshall Deline, Julia Keller, Michael Rothe et al.     Dietary fats are not created equally, slight differences in structure lead to crucial differences in function. Muticellular organisms use polyunsaturated fatty acid as substrates …             Synergistic Effect of Sorafenib and Radiation on Human Oral Carcinoma in vivo ▶     Fei-Ting Hsu, Betty Chang, John Chun-Hao Chen et al.     Oral squamous cell carcinoma often causes bone invasion resulting in poor prognosis and affects the quality of life for patients. Herein, we combined radiation with sorafenib, to …             Corrigendum: Fertilization competence of the egg-coating envelope is regulated by direct interaction of dicalcin and gp41, the Xenopus laevis ZP3 ▶     Naofumi Miwa, Motoyuki Ogawa, Mayu Hanaue et al.                 Reorganization of sea urchin gene regulatory networks at least 268 million years ago as revealed by oldest fossil cidaroid echinoid ▶     Jeffrey R. Thompson, Elizabeth Petsios, Eric H. Davidson et al.     Echinoids, or sea urchins, are rare in the Palaeozoic fossil record, and thus the details regarding the early diversification of crown group echinoids are unclear. Here we report …             Disparate developmental patterns of immune responses to bacterial and viral infections in fish ▶     Rosario Castro, Luc Jouneau, Luca Tacchi et al.     During early stages of development vertebrates rely on an immature immune system to fight pathogens, but in non mammalian species few studies have taken an in-depth analysis of …             Genome of the facultative scuticociliatosis pathogen Pseudocohnilembus persalinus provides insight into its virulence through horizontal gene transfer ▶     Jie Xiong, Guangying Wang, Jun Cheng et al.     Certain ciliates of the subclass Scuticociliatia (scuticociliates) are facultative parasites of fishes in which they cause a suite of diseases collectively termed …             Herpes Simplex Virus type-1 infection induces synaptic dysfunction in cultured cortical neurons via GSK-3 activation and intraneuronal amyloid-β protein accumulation ▶     Roberto Piacentini, Domenica Donatella Li Puma, Cristian Ripoli et al.     Increasing evidence suggests that recurrent Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection spreading to the CNS is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) but the underlying …             Eco-exergy and emergy based self-organization of three forest plantations in lower subtropical China ▶     Hongfang Lu, Fangyan Fu, Hao Li et al.     The bio-thermodynamic structures of a mixed native species plantation, a conifer plantation and an Acacia mangium plantation in Southern China were quantified over a period of 15 …             Comparison of transmission of Papaya leaf curl China virus among four cryptic species of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci complex ▶     Tao Guo, Qi Guo, Xi-Yun Cui et al.     Begomoviruses are transmitted by cryptic species of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci complex, often in a species-specific manner. Papaya leaf curl China virus (PaLCuCNV) has been …             Transcription factor and miRNA co-regulatory network reveals shared and specific regulators in the development of B cell and T cell ▶     Ying Lin, Qiong Zhang, Hong-Mei Zhang et al.     The maturation process of lymphocyte was related to many blood diseases, such as lymphoma and lymphoid leukemia. Many TFs and miRNAs were separately studied in the development of …             A single design strategy for dual sensitive pH probe with a suitable range to map pH in living cells ▶     Kang-Kang Yu, Ji-Ting Hou, Kun Li et al.     Due to the lack of a proper imaging approach, a veracious pH map of normal and abnormal cell is still rare. In this work, we presented a rhodamine-salicylaldehyde combination (…             Integrative metabonomics as potential method for diagnosis of thyroid malignancy ▶     Yuan Tian, Xiu Nie, Shan Xu et al.     Thyroid nodules can be classified into benign and malignant tumors. However, distinguishing between these two types of tumors can be challenging in clinics. Since malignant …             Selection of suitable reference genes for normalization of quantitative RT-PCR in peripheral blood samples of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) ▶     I-Hua Chen, Lien-Siang Chou, Shih-Jen Chou et al.     Quantitative RT-PCR is often used as a research tool directed at gene transcription. Selection of optimal housekeeping genes (HKGs) as reference genes is critical to establishing …             Ca2+/calmodulin regulates Kvβ1.1-mediated inactivation of voltage-gated K+ channels ▶     Sandip M. Swain, Nirakar Sahoo, Sophie Dennhardt et al.     A-type K+ channels open on membrane depolarization and undergo subsequent rapid inactivation such that they are ideally suited for fine-tuning the electrical signaling in neurons …             MiR-129-3p promotes docetaxel resistance of breast cancer cells via CP110 inhibition ▶     Yuan Zhang, Yu Wang, Yifang Wei et al.     Docetaxel is commonly used as an effective chemotherapeutic agent in breast cancer treatment, but the underlying mechanisms of drug resistance are not fully understood. The …             Zwint-1 is required for spindle assembly checkpoint function and kinetochore-microtubule attachment during oocyte meiosis ▶     Dong Woo Seo, Seung Yeop You, Woo-Jae Chung et al.     The key step for faithful chromosome segregation during meiosis is kinetochore assembly. Defects in this process result in aneuploidy, leading to miscarriages, infertility and …             Ciliary neurotrophic factor has intrinsic and extrinsic roles in regulating B cell differentiation and bone structure ▶     Maria Askmyr, Kirby E. White, Tanja Jovic et al.     The gp130 receptor and its binding partners play a central role in cytokine signalling. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is one of the cytokines that signals through the gp130 …             Genomic expression catalogue of a global collection of BCG vaccine strains show evidence for highly diverged metabolic and cell-wall adaptations ▶     Abdallah M. Abdallah, Grant A. Hill-Cawthorne, Thomas D. Otto et al.     Although Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines against tuberculosis have been available for more than 90 years, their effectiveness has been hindered by variable protective …             Direct and high throughput (HT) interactions on the ribosomal surface by iRIA ▶     Elisa Pesce, Claudia Minici, Jochen Baβler et al.     Ribosomes function as platforms for binding of other molecules, but technologies for studying this process are lacking. Therefore we developed iRIA (in vitro Ribosomes …             Corrigendum: An indica rice genotype showed a similar yield enhancement to that of hybrid rice under free air carbon dioxide enrichment ▶     Chunwu Zhu, Xi Xu, Dan Wang et al.                 Cellular economy in fission yeast cells continuously cultured with limited nitrogen resources ▶     Yuji Chikashige, Shin'ichi Arakawa, Kenji Leibnitz et al.     In ribosome biogenesis, a large fraction of ribosomes is used for producing ribosomal proteins themselves. Here, we applied simulation and experimentation to determine what …             GABAergic neurons of the medial septum play a nodal role in facilitation of nociception-induced affect ▶     Seok Ting Ang, Andy Thiam Huat Lee, Fang Chee Foo et al.     The present study explored the functional details of the influence of medial septal region (MSDB) on spectrum of nociceptive behaviours by manipulating intraseptal GABAergic …             A proteomic analysis of seeds from Bt-transgenic Brassica napus and hybrids with wild B. juncea ▶     Yongbo Liu, Ying-Xue Zhang, Song-Quan Song et al.     Transgene insertions might have unintended side effects on the transgenic host, both crop and hybrids with wild relatives that harbor transgenes. We employed proteomic approaches …             Computer-assisted quantification of motile and invasive capabilities of cancer cells ▶     Karthiga Santhana Kumar, Max Pillong, Jens Kunze et al.     High-throughput analysis of cancer cell dissemination and its control by extrinsic and intrinsic cellular factors is hampered by the lack of adequate and efficient analytical …             Structural insights into the cooperative remodeling of membranes by amphiphysin/BIN1 ▶     Julia Adam, Nirakar Basnet, Naoko Mizuno     Amphiphysin2/BIN1 is a crescent-shaped N-BAR protein playing a key role in forming deeply invaginated tubes in muscle T-tubules. Amphiphysin2/BIN1 structurally stabilizes tubular …             Identification of differentially expressed microRNAs between Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab-resistant and -susceptible strains of Ostrinia furnacalis ▶     Li-Na Xu, Ying-Hui Ling, Yue-Qin Wang et al.     The Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), can develop strong resistance to Cry1Ab, the most widely commercialized Cry toxin for Bt maize worldwide. It is …             Fabrication of three dimensional patterns of wide dimensional range using microbes and their applications ▶     Sunita Mehta, Saravanan Murugeson, Balaji Prakash et al.     Inspired by the wound healing property of certain trees, we report a novel microbes based additive process for producing three dimensional patterns, which has a potential of …             The role of influenza in the epidemiology of pneumonia ▶     Sourya Shrestha, Betsy Foxman, Joshua Berus et al.     Interactions arising from sequential viral and bacterial infections play important roles in the epidemiological outcome of many respiratory pathogens. Influenza virus has been …             Aspirin might reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies ▶     Yan-Peng Zhang, You-Dong Wan, Yu-Ling Sun et al.     Although there is evidence that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might be able to prevent pancreatic cancer, the findings from epidemiological studies have been …             Computational evidence that fast translation speed can increase the probability of cotranslational protein folding ▶     Ercheng Wang, Jun Wang, Changjun Chen et al.     Translation speed can affect the cotranslational folding of nascent peptide. Experimental observations have indicated that slowing down translation rates of codons can increase …             Proteomic analysis of neurons microdissected from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded Alzheimer’s disease brain tissue ▶     Eleanor S Drummond, Shruti Nayak, Beatrix Ueberheide et al.     The vast majority of human tissue specimens are formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) archival samples, making this type of tissue a potential gold mine for medical research. …             Genetically-reduced serum ACE activity might be a causal risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A meta-analysis ▶     Lan He, Bin Wang, Wei-Ya Lang et al.     We meta-analytically summarized the associations of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with ACE activity and obstructive sleep apnea …             Sex-specific association of rs4746172 of VCL gene with hypertension in two Han populations from Southern China ▶     Qin Yu, Hong-Peng Sun, Wan-Qun Chen et al.     Hypertension is the most common and lethal risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous variants have been associated with hypertension, however, most of which failed …             Ablation of CD8α+ dendritic cell mediated cross-presentation does not impact atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice ▶     Bart Legein, Edith M. Janssen, Thomas L. Theelen et al.     Clinical complications of atherosclerosis are almost exclusively linked to destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque. Batf3-dependent dendritic cells specialize in …             Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 affects cardiomyocyte calcium homeostasis and adverse cardiac remodelling ▶     Lejla Medzikovic, Cees A. Schumacher, Arie O. Verkerk et al.     Distinct stressors may induce heart failure. As compensation, β-adrenergic stimulation enhances myocardial contractility by elevating cardiomyocyte intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). …             Tristetraprolin regulation of interleukin-22 production ▶     Lorena Härdle, Malte Bachmann, Franziska Bollmann et al.     Interleukin (IL)-22 is a STAT3-activating cytokine displaying characteristic AU-rich elements (ARE) in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of its mRNA. This architecture suggests …             Erratum: Screening for recombinants of Crambe abyssinica after transformation by the pMF1 marker-free vector based on chemical selection and meristematic regeneration ▶     Weicong Qi, Iris E. M. Tinnenbroek-Capel, Elma M. J. Salentijn et al.                 Corrigendum: Decoupling the role of stiffness from other hydroxyapatite signalling cues in periosteal derived stem cell differentiation ▶     Giorgio Mattei, Concetta Ferretti, Annalisa Tirella et al.                 Substitute sweeteners: diverse bacterial oligosaccharyltransferases with unique N-glycosylation site preferences ▶     Anne A. Ollis, Yi Chai, Aravind Natarajan et al.     The central enzyme in the Campylobacter jejuni asparagine-linked glycosylation pathway is the oligosaccharyltransferase (OST), PglB, which transfers preassembled glycans to …             Species extinction thresholds in the face of spatially correlated periodic disturbance ▶     Jinbao Liao, Zhixia Ying, David E. Hiebeler et al.     The spatial correlation of disturbance is gaining attention in landscape ecology, but knowledge is still lacking on how species traits determine extinction thresholds under …             Live fast die young life history in females: evolutionary trade-off between early life mating and lifespan in female Drosophila melanogaster ▶     Laura M. Travers, Francisco Garcia-Gonzalez, Leigh W. Simmons     The trade-off between survival and reproduction is fundamental to life history theory. Sexual selection is expected to favour a ‘live fast die young’ life history pattern in …             Microhabitat locality allows multi-species coexistence in terrestrial plant communities ▶     Jerrold M. Tubay, Keisuke Suzuki, Takashi Uehara et al.     Most terrestrial plant communities exhibit relatively high species diversity and many competitive species are ubiquitous. Many theoretical studies have been carried out to …             Sirt6 depletion causes spindle defects and chromosome misalignment during meiosis of mouse oocyte ▶     Longsen Han, Juan Ge, Liang Zhang et al.     Sirt6, a member of the sirtuin family of NAD-dependent protein deacetylases, has been implicated in multiple biological processes. However, the roles of Sirt6 in meiosis have not …             Evaluation and Validation of the Detection of soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay ▶     Astrid Hasibeder, Pamela Stein, Ricardo Brandwijk et al.     Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 plays an important role in innate immune responses and is upregulated under infectious as well as non-infectious …             Y-chromosome diversity suggests southern origin and Paleolithic backwave migration of Austro-Asiatic speakers from eastern Asia to the Indian subcontinent ▶     Xiaoming Zhang, Shiyu Liao, Xuebin Qi et al.     Analyses of an Asian-specific Y-chromosome lineage (O2a1-M95)—the dominant paternal lineage in Austro-Asiatic (AA) speaking populations, who are found on both sides of the Bay of …             RNAi knockdown of acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene eliminates jinggangmycin-enhanced reproduction and population growth in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens ▶     Yi-Xin Zhang, Lin-Quan Ge, Yi-Ping Jiang et al.     A major challenge in ecology lies in understanding the coexistence of intraguild species, well documented at the organismal level, but not at the molecular level. This study …             High variability of genomic instability and gene expression profiling in different HeLa clones ▶     Annalisa Frattini, Marco Fabbri, Roberto Valli et al.     The HeLa cell line is one of the most popular cell lines in biomedical research, despite its well-known chromosomal instability. We compared the genomic and transcriptomic …             Caerulomycin A inhibits Th2 cell activity: a possible role in the management of asthma ▶     Weshely Kujur, Rama Krishna Gurram, Nazia Haleem et al.     We have recently demonstrated that Caerulomycin A induces regulatory T cells differentiation by suppressing Th1 cells activity. The role of regulatory T cells is well established …             DNA binding protein identification by combining pseudo amino acid composition and profile-based protein representation ▶     Bin Liu, Shanyi Wang, Xiaolong Wang     DNA-binding proteins play an important role in most cellular processes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an efficient predictor for identifying DNA-binding proteins only …             The cell competition-based high-throughput screening identifies small compounds that promote the elimination of RasV12-transformed cells from epithelia ▶     Hajime Yamauchi, Takanori Matsumaru, Tomoko Morita et al.     Recent studies have revealed that cell competition can occur between normal and transformed epithelial cells; normal epithelial cells recognize the presence of the neighboring …             Interaction of Cx43 with Hsc70 regulates G1/S transition through CDK inhibitor p27 ▶     Hitoshi Hino, Ping Dai, Tatsushi Yoshida et al.     Connexin 43 (Cx43) functions as a cell growth suppressor. We have demonstrated that Cx43 interacts with heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) for regulating cell proliferation. …             Transcriptome sequencing of a thalloid bryophyte; Dumortiera hirsuta (Sw) Nees: assembly, annotation, and marker discovery ▶     Harpal Singh, Krishan Mohan Rai, Santosh Kumar Upadhyay et al.     Bryophytes are the first land plants but are scarcely studied at the molecular level. Here, we report transcriptome sequencing and functional annotation of Dumortiera hirsuta, as …             Selector function of MHC I molecules is determined by protein plasticity ▶     Alistair Bailey, Neil Dalchau, Rachel Carter et al.     The selection of peptides for presentation at the surface of most nucleated cells by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (MHC I) is crucial to the immune response …             Membrane vesicle-mediated release of bacterial RNA ▶     Annika E. Sjöström, Linda Sandblad, Bernt Eric Uhlin et al.     Many Gram-negative bacterial species release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that interact with the host by delivering virulence factors. Here, we report for the first time that …             'Visual’ parsing can be taught quickly without visual experience during critical periods ▶     Lior Reich, Amir Amedi     Cases of invasive sight-restoration in congenital blind adults demonstrated that acquiring visual abilities is extremely challenging, presumably because visual-experience during …             Endogenous vs Exogenous Allosteric Modulators in GPCRs: A dispute for shuttling CB1 among different membrane microenvironments ▶     Mariano Stornaiuolo, Agostino Bruno, Lorenzo Botta et al.     A Cannabinoid Receptor 1 (CB1) binding site for the selective allosteric modulator ORG27569 is here identified through an integrate approach of consensus pocket prediction, …             Predictive analytics of environmental adaptability in multi-omic network models ▶     Claudio Angione, Pietro Lió     Bacterial phenotypic traits and lifestyles in response to diverse environmental conditions depend on changes in the internal molecular environment. However, predicting bacterial …             Erratum: Whole genome and transcriptome sequencing of matched primary and peritoneal metastatic gastric carcinoma ▶     J. Zhang, J. Y. Huang, Y. N. Chen et al.                 Erratum: Selective Connexin43 Inhibition Prevents Isoproterenol-Induced Arrhythmias and Lethality in Muscular Dystrophy Mice ▶     J. Patrick Gonzalez, Jayalakshmi Ramachandran, Lai-Hua Xie et al.                 Random Plant Viral Variants Attain Temporal Advantages During Systemic Infections and in Turn Resist other Variants of the Same Virus ▶     Xiao-Feng Zhang, Jiangbo Guo, Xiuchun Zhang et al.     Infection of plants with viruses containing multiple variants frequently leads to dominance by a few random variants in the systemically infected leaves (SLs), for which a …             The N-cadherin cytoplasmic domain confers anchorage-independent growth and the loss of contact inhibition ▶     Masayuki Ozawa     Tumor growth is characterized by anchorage independence and the loss of contact inhibition. Previously, we showed that either a red fluorescent protein (DsRed)-tagged N-cadherin …             Spatially extensive microbial biogeography of the Indian Ocean provides insights into the unique community structure of a pristine coral atoll ▶     Thomas C. Jeffries, Martin Ostrowski, Rohan B. Williams et al.     Microorganisms act both as drivers and indicators of perturbations in the marine environment. In an effort to establish baselines to predict the response of marine habitats to …             Genome-wide DNA methylation detection by MethylCap-seq and Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips: an independent large-scale comparison ▶     Tim De Meyer, Pierre Bady, Geert Trooskens et al.     Two cost-efficient genome-scale methodologies to assess DNA-methylation are MethylCap-seq and Illumina’s Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChips (HM450). Objective information …             Combinatorial RNA Interference Therapy Prevents Selection of Pre-existing HBV Variants in Human Liver Chimeric Mice ▶     Yao-Ming Shih, Cheng-Pu Sun, Hui-Hsien Chou et al.     Selection of escape mutants with mutations within the target sequence could abolish the antiviral RNA interference activity. Here, we investigated the impact of a pre-existing …             IL-4 Protects the Mitochondria Against TNFα and IFNγ Induced Insult During Clearance of Infection with Citrobacter rodentium and Escherichia coli ▶     Arpan K. Maiti, Sinan Sharba, Nazanin Navabi et al.     Citrobacter rodentium is a murine pathogen that serves as a model for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. C. rodentium infection reduced the quantity and activity of mitochondrial …             Protein array identification of protein markers for serodiagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection ▶     Fangbin Zhou, Xindong Xu, Sijia Wu et al.     The lack of effective and accurate diagnostic tools contributes to the high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. The current serodiagnostics for TB are inadequate mainly …             Constitutional de novo deletion of the FBXW7 gene in a patient with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and multiple primitive tumors ▶     Gaia Roversi, Chiara Picinelli, Ilaria Bestetti et al.     Multiple primary malignant neoplasms are rare entities in the clinical setting, but represent an important issue in the clinical management of patients since they could be …             Genome editing of CXCR4 by CRISPR/cas9 confers cells resistant to HIV-1 infection ▶     Panpan Hou, Shuliang Chen, Shilei Wang et al.     Genome editing via CRISPR/Cas9 has become an efficient and reliable way to make precise, targeted changes to the genome of living cells. CXCR4 is a co-receptor for the human …             Pretreatment with β-Boswellic Acid Improves Blood Stasis Induced Endothelial Dysfunction: Role of eNOS Activation ▶     Mingming Wang, Minchun Chen, Yi Ding et al.     Vascular endothelial cells play an important role in modulating anti-thrombus and maintaining the natural function of vascular by secreting many active substances. β-boswellic …             Effects of Scorpion venom peptide B5 on hematopoietic recovery in irradiated mice and the primary mechanisms ▶     Caixia Wang, Meixun Zhou, Ting Li et al.     Scorpion venom peptide B5 (SVP-B5) stimulates recovery of hematopoiesis after exposure to radiation. However, its radioprotective effects and mechanisms are still unclear. The …             Systems assessment of intercalated combination of chemotherapy and EGFR TKIs versus chemotherapy or EGFR TKIs alone in advanced NSCLC patients ▶     Han Yan, Qin Li, Wei Wang et al.     Both chemotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) are widely applied for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the …             Vaccination Programs for Endemic Infections: Modelling Real versus Apparent Impacts of Vaccine and Infection Characteristics ▶     Romain Ragonnet, James M. Trauer, Justin T. Denholm et al.     Vaccine effect, as measured in clinical trials, may not accurately reflect population-level impact. Furthermore, little is known about how sensitive apparent or real vaccine …             Light-induced cell damage in live-cell super-resolution microscopy ▶     Sina Wäldchen, Julian Lehmann, Teresa Klein et al.     Super-resolution microscopy can unravel previously hidden details of cellular structures but requires high irradiation intensities to use the limited photon budget efficiently. …             Photoacoustic “nanobombs” fight against undesirable vesicular compartmentalization of anticancer drugs ▶     Aiping Chen, Chun Xu, Min Li et al.     Undesirable intracellular vesicular compartmentalization of anticancer drugs in cancer cells is a common cause of chemoresistance. Strategies aimed at circumventing this problem …             Morphological Variability and Distinct Protein Profiles of Cultured and Endosymbiotic Symbiodinium cells Isolated from Exaiptasia pulchella ▶     Buntora Pasaribu, Li-Chi Weng, I-Ping Lin et al.     Symbiodinium is a dinoflagellate that plays an important role in the physiology of the symbiotic relationships of Cnidarians such as corals and sea anemones. However, it is very …             Pathophysiological analyses of cortical malformation using gyrencephalic mammals ▶     Kosuke Masuda, Tomohisa Toda, Yohei Shinmyo et al.     One of the most prominent features of the cerebral cortex of higher mammals is the presence of gyri. Because malformations of the cortical gyri are associated with severe …             The non-octarepeat copper binding site of the prion protein is a key regulator of prion conversion ▶     Gabriele Giachin, Phuong Thao Mai, Thanh Hoa Tran et al.     The conversion of the prion protein (PrPC) into prions plays a key role in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Despite the importance for pathogenesis, the mechanism of …             Histidine provides long-term neuroprotection after cerebral ischemia through promoting astrocyte migration ▶     Ru-jia Liao, Lei Jiang, Rong-rong Wang et al.     The formation of glial scar impedes the neurogenesis and neural functional recovery following cerebral ischemia. Histamine showed neuroprotection at early stage after cerebral …                 npj Quantum Information - first articles published Publishing the finest open access research on quantum information, npj Quantum Information has now published its first content. The journal is part of the Nature Partner Journals series, and published in partnership with the University of New South Wales, Australia. Read inaugural editorial and all content available.         Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Chelating effect in short polymers for the design of bidentate binders of increased affinity and selectivity ▶     Sara Fortuna, Federico Fogolari, Giacinto Scoles     The design of new strong and selective binders is a key step towards the development of new sensing devices and effective drugs. Both affinity and selectivity can be increased …             Aluminum plasmonic photocatalysis ▶     Qi Hao, Chenxi Wang, Hao Huang et al.     The effectiveness of photocatalytic processes is dictated largely by plasmonic materials with the capability to enhance light absorption as well as the energy conversion …             Gold Nanoparticle Aggregation as a Probe of Antifreeze (Glyco) Protein-Inspired Ice Recrystallization Inhibition and Identification of New IRI Active Macromolecules ▶     Daniel E. Mitchell, Thomas Congdon, Alison Rodger et al.     Antifreeze (glyco)proteins are found in polar fish species and act to slow the rate of growth of ice crystals; a property known as ice recrystallization inhibition. The ability …             Thermodynamics of protein denaturation at temperatures over 100 °C: CutA1 mutant proteins substituted with hydrophobic and charged residues ▶     Yoshinori Matsuura, Michiyo Takehira, Yasumasa Joti et al.     Although the thermodynamics of protein denaturation at temperatures over 100 °C is essential for the rational design of highly stable proteins, it is not understood well because …             Exploration of tetrahedral structures in silicate cathodes using a motif-network scheme ▶     Xin Zhao, Shunqing Wu, Xiaobao Lv et al.     Using a motif-network search scheme, we studied the tetrahedral structures of the dilithium/disodium transition metal orthosilicates A2MSiO4 with A = Li or Na and M = Mn, Fe or …             The roles of lithium-philic giant nitrogen-doped graphene in protecting micron-sized silicon anode from fading ▶     Xiaoxu Liu, Dongliang Chao, Qiang Zhang et al.     A stable Si-based anode with a high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) is critical for energy storage. In the present paper, a new scalable method …             Gas Evolution in Operating Lithium-Ion Batteries Studied In Situ by Neutron Imaging ▶     Barbara Michalak, Heino Sommer, David Mannes et al.     Gas generation as a result of electrolyte decomposition is one of the major issues of high-performance rechargeable batteries. Here, we report the direct observation of gassing …             Term rules for simple metal clusters ▶     Daisuke Yoshida, Hannes Raebiger     Hund’s term rules are only valid for isolated atoms, but have no generalization for molecules or clusters of several atoms. We present a benchmark calculation of Al2 and Al3, for …             Enhanced Dispersion of TiO2 Nanoparticles in a TiO2/PEDOT:PSS Hybrid Nanocomposite via Plasma-Liquid Interactions ▶     Yazi Liu, Dan Sun, Sadegh Askari et al.     A facile method to synthesize a TiO2/PEDOT:PSS hybrid nanocomposite material in aqueous solution through direct current (DC) plasma processing at atmospheric pressure and room …             Graphene-supported Pd catalyst for highly selective hydrogenation of resorcinol to 1, 3-cyclohexanedione through giant π-conjugate interactions ▶     Zuojun Wei, Ruofei Pan, Yaxin Hou et al.     The selective hydrogenation of resorcinol (RES) to 1, 3-cyclohexanedione (1,3-CHD) without the addition of alkali is a big challenge. In this article, a novel reduced graphene …             Multiple Simulated Annealing-Molecular Dynamics (MSA-MD) for Conformational Space Search of Peptide and Miniprotein ▶     Ge-Fei Hao, Wei-Fang Xu, Sheng-Gang Yang et al.     Protein and peptide structure predictions are of paramount importance for understanding their functions, as well as the interactions with other molecules. However, the use of …             Right handed chiral superstructures from achiral molecules: self-assembly with a twist ▶     Anuradha, Duong Duc La, Mohammad Al Kobaisi et al.     The induction and development of chiral supramolecular structures from hierarchical self-assembly of achiral compounds is closely related to the evolution of life and the chiral …             Visual Identification of Light-Driven Breakage of the Silver-Dithiocarbamate Bond by Single Plasmonic Nanoprobes ▶     Peng Fei Gao, Bin Fang Yuan, Ming Xuan Gao et al.     Insight into the nature of metal-sulfur bond, a meaningful one in life science, interface chemistry and organometallic chemistry, is interesting but challenging. By utilizing the …             Unconventional interplay between heterovalent dopant elements: Switch-and-modulator band-gap engineering in (Y, Co)-Codoped CeO2 nanocrystals ▶     T. S. Wu, H. D. Li, Y. W. Chen et al.     We report the experimental observation and theoretical explanation of an unconventional interplay between divalent Co and trivalent Y dopants, both of which incur oxygen …             Kinetic surface roughening and wafer bow control in heteroepitaxial growth of 3C-SiC on Si(111) substrates ▶     Li Wang, Glenn Walker, Jessica Chai et al.     A thin, chemically inert 3C-SiC layer between GaN and Si helps not only to avoid the “melt-back” effect, but also to inhibit the crack generation in the grown GaN layers. The …             A Novel Physical Approach for Cationic–Thiolate Protected Fluorescent Gold Nanoparticles ▶     Yohei Ishida, Chaiyathat Lee, Tetsu Yonezawa     Knowledge on the synthesis of cationically charged fluorescent gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) is limited because the electrostatic repulsion between cationic ligands on the surface …             Morphology-controlled construction of hierarchical hollow hybrid SnO2@TiO2 nanocapsules with outstanding lithium storage ▶     Linzong Zhou, Hong Guo, Tingting Li et al.     A novel synthesis containing microwave-assisted HCl etching reaction and precipitating reaction is employed to prepare hierarchical hollow SnO2@TiO2 nanocapsules for anode …             Flexible and High Performance Supercapacitors Based on NiCo2O4for Wide Temperature Range Applications ▶     Ram K. Gupta, John Candler, Soubantika Palchoudhury et al.     Binder free nanostructured NiCo2O4 were grown using a facile hydrothermal technique. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the phase purity of NiCo2O4. The surface morphology and …                 npj Systems Biology and Applications - first articles published Publishing the finest research on systems biology and its approaches, npj Systems Biology and Applications has now published its first content. Part of the Nature Partner Journals series, and published in partnership with the Systems Biology Institute, highlights include the influence of microRNAs on proteins in breast and ovarian cancer cells and Simulation targets side effects associated with the anti-cancer drugs.         Physical Sciences ▲ top               Exploration of tetrahedral structures in silicate cathodes using a motif-network scheme ▶     Xin Zhao, Shunqing Wu, Xiaobao Lv et al.     Using a motif-network search scheme, we studied the tetrahedral structures of the dilithium/disodium transition metal orthosilicates A2MSiO4 with A = Li or Na and M = Mn, Fe or …             The dynamic process and microscopic mechanism of extraordinary terahertz transmission through perforated superconducting films ▶     J. B. Wu, X. Zhang, B. B. Jin et al.     Superconductor is a compelling plasmonic medium at terahertz frequencies owing to its intrinsic low Ohmic loss and good tuning property. However, the microscopic physics of the …             Chelating effect in short polymers for the design of bidentate binders of increased affinity and selectivity ▶     Sara Fortuna, Federico Fogolari, Giacinto Scoles     The design of new strong and selective binders is a key step towards the development of new sensing devices and effective drugs. Both affinity and selectivity can be increased …             Highly selective detection of individual nuclear spins with rotary echo on an electron spin probe ▶     V. V. Mkhitaryan, F. Jelezko, V. V. Dobrovitski     We consider an electronic spin, such as a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond, weakly coupled to a large number of nuclear spins, and subjected to the Rabi driving with a …             Grain Boundary Plane Orientation Fundamental Zones and Structure-Property Relationships ▶     Eric R. Homer, Srikanth Patala, Jonathan L. Priedeman     Grain boundary plane orientation is a profoundly important determinant of character in polycrystalline materials that is not well understood. This work demonstrates how boundary …             Enhanced Dispersion of TiO2 Nanoparticles in a TiO2/PEDOT:PSS Hybrid Nanocomposite via Plasma-Liquid Interactions ▶     Yazi Liu, Dan Sun, Sadegh Askari et al.     A facile method to synthesize a TiO2/PEDOT:PSS hybrid nanocomposite material in aqueous solution through direct current (DC) plasma processing at atmospheric pressure and room …             Term rules for simple metal clusters ▶     Daisuke Yoshida, Hannes Raebiger     Hund’s term rules are only valid for isolated atoms, but have no generalization for molecules or clusters of several atoms. We present a benchmark calculation of Al2 and Al3, for …             Transverse Anderson localization of light near Dirac points of photonic nanostructures ▶     Hanying Deng, Xianfeng Chen, Boris A. Malomed et al.     We perform a comparative study of the Anderson localization of light beams in disordered layered photonic nanostructures that, in the limit of periodic layer distribution, …             In-situ characterization of nanoparticle beams focused with an aerodynamic lens by Laser-Induced Breakdown Detection ▶     F.-A. Barreda, C. Nicolas, J.-B. Sirven et al.     The Laser-Induced Breakdown Detection technique (LIBD) was adapted to achieve fast in-situ characterization of nanoparticle beams focused under vacuum by an aerodynamic lens. The …             Solving the Controversy on the Wetting Transparency of Graphene ▶     Donggyu Kim, Nicola M. Pugno, Markus J. Buehler et al.     Since its discovery, the wetting transparency of graphene, the transmission of the substrate wetting property over graphene coating, has gained significant attention due to its …             Aluminum plasmonic photocatalysis ▶     Qi Hao, Chenxi Wang, Hao Huang et al.     The effectiveness of photocatalytic processes is dictated largely by plasmonic materials with the capability to enhance light absorption as well as the energy conversion …             The roles of lithium-philic giant nitrogen-doped graphene in protecting micron-sized silicon anode from fading ▶     Xiaoxu Liu, Dongliang Chao, Qiang Zhang et al.     A stable Si-based anode with a high initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) is critical for energy storage. In the present paper, a new scalable method …             First Principles Study on the Electronic Structure and Interface Stability of Hybrid Silicene/Fluorosilicene Nanoribbons ▶     Q. G. Jiang, J. F. Zhang, Z. M. Ao et al.     The interface stability of hybrid silicene/fluorosilicene nanoribbons (SFNRs) has been investigated by using density functional theory calculations, where fluorosilicene is the …             Gas Evolution in Operating Lithium-Ion Batteries Studied In Situ by Neutron Imaging ▶     Barbara Michalak, Heino Sommer, David Mannes et al.     Gas generation as a result of electrolyte decomposition is one of the major issues of high-performance rechargeable batteries. Here, we report the direct observation of gassing …             Five-wave-packet quantum error correction based on continuous-variable cluster entanglement ▶     Shuhong Hao, Xiaolong Su, Caixing Tian et al.     Quantum error correction protects the quantum state against noise and decoherence in quantum communication and quantum computation, which enables one to perform fault-torrent …             Self-aligned, full solution process polymer field-effect transistor on flexible substrates ▶     Yan Yan, Long-Biao Huang, Ye Zhou et al.     Conventional techniques to form selective surface energy regions on rigid inorganic substrates are not suitable for polymer interfaces due to sensitive and soft limitation of …             Carbon Nanotubes Act as Contaminant Carriers and Translocate within Plants ▶     Guosheng Chen, Junlang Qiu, Yan Liu et al.     Nanotechnology permits broad advances in agriculture. However, as it is still at a relatively early stage of development, the potential risks remain unclear. Herein, for the …             Gold Nanoparticle Aggregation as a Probe of Antifreeze (Glyco) Protein-Inspired Ice Recrystallization Inhibition and Identification of New IRI Active Macromolecules ▶     Daniel E. Mitchell, Thomas Congdon, Alison Rodger et al.     Antifreeze (glyco)proteins are found in polar fish species and act to slow the rate of growth of ice crystals; a property known as ice recrystallization inhibition. The ability …             Thermodynamics of protein denaturation at temperatures over 100 °C: CutA1 mutant proteins substituted with hydrophobic and charged residues ▶     Yoshinori Matsuura, Michiyo Takehira, Yasumasa Joti et al.     Although the thermodynamics of protein denaturation at temperatures over 100 °C is essential for the rational design of highly stable proteins, it is not understood well because …             Mechanical origin of aftershocks ▶     E. Lippiello, F. Giacco, W. Marzocchi et al.     Aftershocks are the most striking evidence of earthquake interactions and the physical mechanisms at the origin of their occurrence are still intensively debated. Novel insights …             A Highly Similar Mathematical Model for Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Geriatric Patients with Suspected Cerebrovascular Disease ▶     Bo Liu, Qi Li, Jisheng Wang et al.     Cerebral blood flow velocity(CBFV) is an important parameter for study of cerebral hemodynamics. However, a simple and highly similar mathematical model has not yet been …             Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in Behaving Non-Human Primates via Focused Ultrasound with Systemically Administered Microbubbles ▶     Matthew E. Downs, Amanda Buch, Maria Eleni Karakatsani et al.     Over the past fifteen years, focused ultrasound coupled with intravenously administered microbubbles (FUS) has been proven an effective, non-invasive technique to open the …             Detecting the existence of an invisibility cloak using temporal steering ▶     Shin-Liang Chen, Ching-Shiang Chao, Yueh-Nan Chen     An invisibility cloak provides a way to hide an object under the detection of waves. A good cloak guides the incident waves through the cloaking shell with few distortion. Even …             A new mutually reinforcing network node and link ranking algorithm ▶     Zhenghua Wang, Leonardo Dueñas-Osorio, Jamie E. Padgett     This study proposes a novel Normalized Wide network Ranking algorithm (NWRank) that has the advantage of ranking nodes and links of a network simultaneously. This algorithm …             Optically secured information retrieval using two authenticated phase-only masks ▶     Xiaogang Wang, Wen Chen, Shengtao Mei et al.     We propose an algorithm for jointly designing two phase-only masks (POMs) that allow for the encryption and noise-free retrieval of triple images. The images required for optical …             Novel reversible and switchable electrolytes based on magneto-rheology ▶     Jie Ding, Gangrou Peng, Kewei Shu et al.     Replacing organic liquid electrolytes with solid electrolytes has led to a new perspective on batteries, enabling high-energy battery chemistry with intrinsically safe cell …             Quasi-steady-state air plasma channel produced by a femtosecond laser pulse sequence ▶     Xin Lu, Shi-You Chen, Jing-Long Ma et al.     A long air plasma channel can be formed by filamentation of intense femtosecond laser pulses. However, the lifetime of the plasma channel produced by a single femtosecond laser …             Graphene-supported Pd catalyst for highly selective hydrogenation of resorcinol to 1, 3-cyclohexanedione through giant π-conjugate interactions ▶     Zuojun Wei, Ruofei Pan, Yaxin Hou et al.     The selective hydrogenation of resorcinol (RES) to 1, 3-cyclohexanedione (1,3-CHD) without the addition of alkali is a big challenge. In this article, a novel reduced graphene …             Detecting Lateral Motion using Light’s Orbital Angular Momentum ▶     Neda Cvijetic, Giovanni Milione, Ezra Ip et al.     Interrogating an object with a light beam and analyzing the scattered light can reveal kinematic information about the object, which is vital for applications ranging from …             Crystal structure, equation of state, and elasticity of phase H (MgSiO4H2) at Earth’s lower mantle pressures ▶     Jun Tsuchiya, Mainak Mookherjee     Dense hydrous magnesium silicate (DHMS) phases play a crucial role in transporting water in to the Earth’s interior. A newly discovered DHMS, phase H (MgSiO4H2), is stable at …             Significant Performance Enhancement in Asymmetric Supercapacitors based on Metal Oxides, Carbon nanotubes and Neutral Aqueous Electrolyte ▶     Arvinder Singh, Amreesh Chandra     Amongst the materials being investigated for supercapacitor electrodes, carbon based materials are most investigated. However, pure carbon materials suffer from inherent physical …             New aspects in the phase behaviour of poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide: systematic temperature dependent shrinking of PNiPAM assemblies well beyond the LCST ▶     Irmgard Bischofberger, Veronique Trappe     We investigate the phase behaviour of aqueous dispersions of poly-N-isopropyl acrylamide (PNiPAM) microgels above their lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and find that …             Right handed chiral superstructures from achiral molecules: self-assembly with a twist ▶     Anuradha, Duong Duc La, Mohammad Al Kobaisi et al.     The induction and development of chiral supramolecular structures from hierarchical self-assembly of achiral compounds is closely related to the evolution of life and the chiral …             Non-destructive mapping of grain orientations in 3D by laboratory X-ray microscopy ▶     S. A. McDonald, P. Reischig, C. Holzner et al.     The ability to characterise crystallographic microstructure, non-destructively and in three-dimensions, is a powerful tool for understanding many aspects related to damage and …             Super-strengthening and stabilizing with carbon nanotube harnessed high density nanotwins in metals by shock loading ▶     Dong Lin, Mojib Saei, Sergey Suslov et al.     CNTs reinforced metal composites has great potential due to their superior properties, such as light weight, high strength, low thermal expansion and high thermal conductivity. …             One-step large-scale deposition of salt-free DNA origami nanostructures ▶     Veikko Linko, Boxuan Shen, Kosti Tapio et al.     DNA origami nanostructures have tremendous potential to serve as versatile platforms in self-assembly -based nanofabrication and in highly parallel nanoscale patterning. However, …             Highly sensitive and selective sugar detection by terahertz nano-antennas ▶     Dong-Kyu Lee, Ji-Hun Kang, Jun-Seok Lee et al.     Molecular recognition and discrimination of carbohydrates are important because carbohydrates perform essential roles in most living organisms for energy metabolism and …             Dynamics of quantum correlation between separated nitrogen-vacancy centers embedded in plasmonic waveguide ▶     Wan-li Yang, Jun-Hong An, Cheng-jie Zhang et al.     We investigate the dynamics of quantum correlation between two separated nitrogen vacancy centers (NVCs) placed near a one-dimensional plasmonic waveguide. As a common medium of …             Spontaneous symmetry breaking in vortex systems with two repulsive lengthscales ▶     P. J. Curran, W. M. Desoky, M. V. Milos̆ević et al.     Scanning Hall probe microscopy (SHPM) has been used to study vortex structures in thin epitaxial films of the superconductor MgB2. Unusual vortex patterns observed in MgB2 single …             Ba(Zn1−2xMnxCux)2As2: A Bulk Form Diluted Ferromagnetic Semiconductor with Mn and Cu Codoping at Zn Sites ▶     Huiyuan Man, Shengli Guo, Yu Sui et al.     We report the synthesis and characterization of a bulk form diluted magnetic semiconductor Ba(Zn1−2xMnxCux)2As2 with the crystal structure identical to that of “122” family iron …             Multiple Simulated Annealing-Molecular Dynamics (MSA-MD) for Conformational Space Search of Peptide and Miniprotein ▶     Ge-Fei Hao, Wei-Fang Xu, Sheng-Gang Yang et al.     Protein and peptide structure predictions are of paramount importance for understanding their functions, as well as the interactions with other molecules. However, the use of …             Visual Identification of Light-Driven Breakage of the Silver-Dithiocarbamate Bond by Single Plasmonic Nanoprobes ▶     Peng Fei Gao, Bin Fang Yuan, Ming Xuan Gao et al.     Insight into the nature of metal-sulfur bond, a meaningful one in life science, interface chemistry and organometallic chemistry, is interesting but challenging. By utilizing the …             In vivo optical modulation of neural signals using monolithically integrated two-dimensional neural probe arrays ▶     Yoojin Son, Hyunjoo Jenny Lee, Jeongyeon Kim et al.     Integration of stimulation modalities (e.g. electrical, optical, and chemical) on a large array of neural probes can enable an investigation of important underlying mechanisms of …             A Versatile Microarray Platform for Capturing Rare Cells ▶     Falko Brinkmann, Michael Hirtz, Anna Haller et al.     Analyses of rare events occurring at extremely low frequencies in body fluids are still challenging. We established a versatile microarray-based platform able to capture single …             Rapid Hepatobiliary Excretion of Micelle-Encapsulated/Radiolabeled Upconverting Nanoparticles as an Integrated Form ▶     Hyo Jung Seo, Sang Hwan Nam, Hyung-Jun Im et al.     In the field of nanomedicine, long term accumulation of nanoparticles (NPs) in the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) such as liver is the major hurdle in clinical translation. …             Programmable gradational micropatterning of functional materials using maskless lithography controlling absorption ▶     Yushin Jung, Howon Lee, Tae-Joon Park et al.     The demand for patterning functional materials precisely on surfaces of stimuli-responsive devices has increased in many research fields. In situ polymerization technology is one …             Racah materials: role of atomic multiplets in intermediate valence systems ▶     A. B. Shick, L. Havela, A. I. Lichtenstein et al.     We address the long-standing mystery of the nonmagnetic insulating state of the intermediate valence compound SmB6. Within a combination of the local density approximation (LDA) …             Spectrometry of the Earth using Neutrino Oscillations ▶     C. Rott, A. Taketa, D. Bose     The unknown constituents of the interior of our home planet have provoked the human imagination and driven scientific exploration. We herein demonstrate that large neutrino …             Ultralow thermal sensitivity of phase and propagation delay in hollow core optical fibres ▶     Radan Slavík, Giuseppe Marra, Eric Numkam Fokoua et al.     Propagation time through an optical fibre changes with the environment, e.g., a change in temperature alters the fibre length and its refractive index. These changes have …             Diameter Dependence of Lattice Thermal Conductivity of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Study from Ab Initio ▶     Sheng-Ying Yue, Tao Ouyang, Ming Hu     The effects of temperature, tube length, defects, and surface functionalization on the thermal conductivity (κ) of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were well documented in …             Immobilization of gold nanoclusters inside porous electrospun fibers for selective detection of Cu(II): A strategic approach to shielding pristine performance ▶     Anitha Senthamizhan, Asli Celebioglu, Brabu Balusamy et al.     Here, a distinct demonstration of highly sensitive and selective detection of copper (Cu2+) in a vastly porous cellulose acetate fibers (pCAF) has been carried out using …             Bioinspired superhydrophobic surfaces, fabricated through simple and scalable roll-to-roll processing ▶     Sung-Hoon Park, Sangeui Lee, David Moreira et al.     A simple, scalable, non-lithographic, technique for fabricating durable superhydrophobic (SH) surfaces, based on the fingering instabilities associated with non-Newtonian flow …             Stepwise work hardening induced by individual grain boundary in Cu bicrystal micropillars ▶     L. L. Li, Z. J. Zhang, J. Tan et al.     Vast experiments have demonstrated that the external specimen size makes a large difference in the deformation behavior of crystalline materials. However, as one important kind …             Fluorine doping: a feasible solution to enhancing the conductivity of high-resistance wide bandgap Mg0.51Zn0.49O active components ▶     Lishu Liu, Zengxia Mei, Yaonan Hou et al.     N-type doping of high-resistance wide bandgap semiconductors, wurtzite high-Mg-content MgxZn1–xO for instance, has always been a fundamental application-motivated research issue. …             Sculpting the band gap: a computational approach ▶     Kiran Prasai, Parthapratim Biswas, D. A. Drabold     Materials with optimized band gap are needed in many specialized applications. In this work, we demonstrate that Hellmann-Feynman forces associated with the gap states can be …             Valley depolarization in monolayer WSe2 ▶     Tengfei Yan, Xiaofen Qiao, Pingheng Tan et al.     We have systematically examined the circular polarization of monolayer WSe2 at different temperature, excitation energy and exciton density. The valley depolarization in WSe2 is …             Phase Diagram and High-Temperature Superconductivity of Compressed Selenium Hydrides ▶     Shoutao Zhang, Yanchao Wang, Jurong Zhang et al.     Recent discovery of high-temperature superconductivity (Tc = 190 K) in sulfur hydrides at megabar pressures breaks the traditional belief on the Tc limit of 40 K for conventional …             Evolution of the dense packings of spherotetrahedral particles: from ideal tetrahedra to spheres ▶     Weiwei Jin, Peng Lu, Shuixiang Li     Particle shape plays a crucial role in determining packing characteristics. Real particles in nature usually have rounded corners. In this work, we systematically investigate the …             Corrigendum: Quantifying the Antiviral Effect of IFN on HIV-1 Replication in Cell Culture ▶     Hiroki Ikeda, Ana Godinho-Santos, Sylvie Rato et al.                 Filament Geometry Induced Bipolar, Complementary, and Unipolar Resistive Switching under the Same Set Current Compliance in Pt/SiOx/TiN ▶     Dong-Hyeok Lim, Ga-Yeon Kim, Jin-Ho Song et al.     The decidedly unusual co-occurrence of bipolar, complementary, and unipolar resistive switching (BRS, CRS, and URS, respectively) behavior under the same high set current …             Principal nonlinear dynamical modes of climate variability ▶     Dmitry Mukhin, Andrey Gavrilov, Alexander Feigin et al.     We suggest a new nonlinear expansion of space-distributed observational time series. The expansion allows constructing principal nonlinear manifolds holding essential part of …             In vivo sub-femtoliter resolution photoacoustic microscopy with higher frame rates ▶     Szu-Yu Lee, Yu-Hung Lai, Kai-Chih Huang et al.     Microscopy based on non-fluorescent absorption dye staining is widely used in various fields of biomedicine for 400 years. Unlike its fluorescent counterpart, non-fluorescent …             Geometries for the coherent control of four-wave mixing in graphene multilayers ▶     Shraddha M. Rao, Ashley Lyons, Thomas Roger et al.     Deeply sub-wavelength two-dimensional films may exhibit extraordinarily strong nonlinear effects. Here we show that 2D films exhibit the remarkable property of a …             Kinetic surface roughening and wafer bow control in heteroepitaxial growth of 3C-SiC on Si(111) substrates ▶     Li Wang, Glenn Walker, Jessica Chai et al.     A thin, chemically inert 3C-SiC layer between GaN and Si helps not only to avoid the “melt-back” effect, but also to inhibit the crack generation in the grown GaN layers. The …             Recovery of strain-hardening rate in Ni-Si alloys ▶     C. L. Yang, Z. J. Zhang, T. Cai et al.     In this study, the recovery of strain-hardening rate (RSHR) was discovered for the first time in polycrystalline materials (Ni-Si alloys) that have only dislocation activities …             Excitation, detection, and electrostatic manipulation of terahertz-frequency range plasmons in a two-dimensional electron system ▶     Jingbo Wu, Alexander S. Mayorov, Christopher D. Wood et al.     Terahertz frequency time-domain spectroscopy employing free-space radiation has frequently been used to probe the elementary excitations of low-dimensional systems. The …             Ag Nanorods Coated with Ultrathin TiO2 Shells as Stable and Recyclable SERS Substrates ▶     Lingwei Ma, Yu Huang, Mengjing Hou et al.     TiO2-coated Ag nanorods (Ag@TiO2 NRs) have been fabricated as multifunctional surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates. Uniform TiO2 shells could sufficiently protect …             Toward a terahertz-driven electron gun ▶     W. Ronny Huang, Emilio A. Nanni, Koustuban Ravi et al.     Femtosecond electron bunches with keV energies and eV energy spread are needed by condensed matter physicists to resolve state transitions in carbon nanotubes, molecular …             Fabrication of three dimensional patterns of wide dimensional range using microbes and their applications ▶     Sunita Mehta, Saravanan Murugeson, Balaji Prakash et al.     Inspired by the wound healing property of certain trees, we report a novel microbes based additive process for producing three dimensional patterns, which has a potential of …             Selective Area Band Engineering of Graphene using Cobalt-Mediated Oxidation ▶     Paul F. Bazylewski, Van Luan Nguyen, Robert P.C. Bauer et al.     This study reports a scalable and economical method to open a band gap in single layer graphene by deposition of cobalt metal on its surface using physical vapor deposition in …             Tunnelling anisotropic magnetoresistance due to antiferromagnetic CoO tunnel barriers ▶     K. Wang, J. G. M. Sanderink, T. Bolhuis et al.     A new approach in spintronics is based on spin-polarized charge transport phenomena governed by antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials. Recent studies have demonstrated the …             Simultaneous shaping of amplitude and phase of light in the entire output plane with a phase-only hologram ▶     Liang Wu, Shubo Cheng, Shaohua Tao     An iterative beam shaping algorithm is proposed to simultaneously shape the amplitude and phase of an optical beam. The proposed algorithm consists of one input plane and two …             Unconventional interplay between heterovalent dopant elements: Switch-and-modulator band-gap engineering in (Y, Co)-Codoped CeO2 nanocrystals ▶     T. S. Wu, H. D. Li, Y. W. Chen et al.     We report the experimental observation and theoretical explanation of an unconventional interplay between divalent Co and trivalent Y dopants, both of which incur oxygen …             Implementation of Complete Boolean Logic Functions in Single Complementary Resistive Switch ▶     Shuang Gao, Fei Zeng, Minjuan Wang et al.     The unique complementary switching behaviour of complementary resistive switches (CRSs) makes them very attractive for logic applications. The implementation of complete Boolean …             Observation of Exchange Anisotropy in Single-Phase Layer-Structured Oxides with Long Periods ▶     Yan Huang, Guopeng Wang, Shujie Sun et al.     A remarkable exchange bias effect arising from the temperature-dependent interaction among the ferromagnetic-like cluster glasses and antiferromagnetic regions was observed in a …             Direct monitoring of bias-dependent variations in the exciton formation ratio of working organic light emitting diodes ▶     Takahiro Takahashi, Katsuichi Kanemoto, Mariko Kanenobu et al.     In typical operation of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), excitons are assumed to generate with a ratio of 1:3 for singlet and triplet excitons, respectively, based on a …             Adhesion of voids to bimetal interfaces with non-uniform energies ▶     Shijian Zheng, Shuai Shao, Jian Zhang et al.     Interface engineering has become an important strategy for designing radiation-resistant materials. Critical to its success is fundamental understanding of the interactions …             Network structure of multivariate time series ▶     Lucas Lacasa, Vincenzo Nicosia, Vito Latora     Our understanding of a variety of phenomena in physics, biology and economics crucially depends on the analysis of multivariate time series. While a wide range tools and …             One-to-one encapsulation based on alternating droplet generation ▶     Hirotada Hirama, Toru Torii     This paper reports the preparation of encapsulated particles as models of cells using an alternating droplet generation encapsulation method in which the number of particles in a …             Influences of carbon concentration on crystal structures and ideal strengths of B2CxO compounds in the B-C-O system ▶     Meiguang Zhang, Haiyan Yan, Baobing Zheng et al.     The search for novel superhard materials with special structures and improved thermal stability and hardness remains considerably experimental and theoretical challenges. Recent …             Experimental demonstration of high fidelity entanglement distribution over decoherence channels via qubit transduction ▶     Hyang-Tag Lim, Kang-Hee Hong, Yoon-Ho Kim     Quantum coherence and entanglement, which are essential resources for quantum information, are often degraded and lost due to decoherence. Here, we report a proof-of-principle …             Ferroelectricity in underdoped La-based cuprates ▶     Z. Viskadourakis, S. S. Sunku, S. Mukherjee et al.     Doping a “parent” antiferromagnetic Mott insulator in cuprates leads to short-range electronic correlations and eventually to high-Tc superconductivity. However, the nature of …             One-step resonant controlled-phase gate on distant transmon qutrits in different 1D superconducting resonators ▶     Ming Hua, Ming-Jie Tao, Fu-Guo Deng et al.     We propose a scheme to construct the controlled-phase (c-phase) gate on distant transmon qutrits hosted in different resonators inter-coupled by a connected transmon qutrit. …             Fast and intense green emission of Tb3+ in borosilicate glass modified by Cu+ ▶     Fanshu Xia, Siyuan Liu, Yang Wang et al.     We present photoluminescence properties of Tb3+ doped borosilicate glasses modified by Cu+. Around 5-time enhanced emission at 541 nm due to the superposed emission of Tb3+ and Cu…             Computational evidence that fast translation speed can increase the probability of cotranslational protein folding ▶     Ercheng Wang, Jun Wang, Changjun Chen et al.     Translation speed can affect the cotranslational folding of nascent peptide. Experimental observations have indicated that slowing down translation rates of codons can increase …             Cavity enhanced atomic magnetometry ▶     Herbert Crepaz, Li Yuan Ley, Rainer Dumke     Atom sensing based on Faraday rotation is an indispensable method for precision measurements, universally suitable for both hot and cold atomic systems. Here we demonstrate an …             Highly photosensitive graphene field-effect transistor with optical memory function ▶     Shohei Ishida, Yuki Anno, Masato Takeuchi et al.     Graphene is a promising material for use in photodetectors for the ultrawide wavelength region: from ultraviolet to terahertz. Nevertheless, only the 2.3% light absorption of …             Effects of random rewiring on the degree correlation of scale-free networks ▶     Jing Qu, Sheng-Jun Wang, Marko Jusup et al.     Random rewiring is used to generate null networks for the purpose of analyzing the topological properties of scale-free networks, yet the effects of random rewiring on the degree …             Corrigendum: Method for Controlling Electrical Properties of Single-Layer Graphene Nanoribbons via Adsorbed Planar Molecular Nanoparticles ▶     Hirofumi Tanaka, Ryo Arima, Minoru Fukumori et al.                 Effect of Electron Energy Distribution on the Hysteresis of Plasma Discharge: Theory, Experiment, and Modeling ▶     Hyo-Chang Lee, Chin-Wook Chung     Hysteresis, which is the history dependence of physical systems, is one of the most important topics in physics. Interestingly, bi-stability of plasma with a huge hysteresis loop …             Corrigendum: Decoupling the role of stiffness from other hydroxyapatite signalling cues in periosteal derived stem cell differentiation ▶     Giorgio Mattei, Concetta Ferretti, Annalisa Tirella et al.                 Quantum Rabi Model with Trapped Ions ▶     J. S. Pedernales, I. Lizuain, S. Felicetti et al.     We propose the quantum simulation of the quantum Rabi model in all parameter regimes by means of detuned bichromatic sideband excitations of a single trapped ion. We show that …             A Plasmonic Spanner for Metal Particle Manipulation ▶     Yuquan Zhang, Wei Shi, Zhe Shen et al.     Typically, metal particles are difficult to manipulate with conventional optical vortex (OV) tweezers, because of their strong absorption and scattering. However, it has been …             A Novel Physical Approach for Cationic–Thiolate Protected Fluorescent Gold Nanoparticles ▶     Yohei Ishida, Chaiyathat Lee, Tetsu Yonezawa     Knowledge on the synthesis of cationically charged fluorescent gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) is limited because the electrostatic repulsion between cationic ligands on the surface …             From Crystals to Disordered Crystals: A Hidden Order-Disorder Transition ▶     Hua Tong, Peng Tan, Ning Xu     To distinguish between order and disorder is of fundamental importance to understanding solids. It becomes more significant with recent observations that solids with high …             Coupling and electrical control of structural, orbital and magnetic orders in perovskites ▶     Julien Varignon, Nicholas C. Bristowe, Eric Bousquet et al.     Perovskite oxides are already widely used in industry and have huge potential for novel device applications thanks to the rich physical behaviour displayed in these materials. …             Hydrodynamics of Normal Atomic Gases with Spin-orbit Coupling ▶     Yan-Hua Hou, Zhenhua Yu     Successful realization of spin-orbit coupling in atomic gases by the NIST scheme opens the prospect of studying the effects of spin-orbit coupling on many-body physics in an …             Morphology-controlled construction of hierarchical hollow hybrid SnO2@TiO2 nanocapsules with outstanding lithium storage ▶     Linzong Zhou, Hong Guo, Tingting Li et al.     A novel synthesis containing microwave-assisted HCl etching reaction and precipitating reaction is employed to prepare hierarchical hollow SnO2@TiO2 nanocapsules for anode …             Unraveling Quantum Annealers using Classical Hardness ▶     Victor Martin-Mayor, Itay Hen     Recent advances in quantum technology have led to the development and manufacturing of experimental programmable quantum annealing optimizers that contain hundreds of quantum …             Visualizing chemical states and defects induced magnetism of graphene oxide by spatially-resolved-X-ray microscopy and spectroscopy ▶     Y. F. Wang, Shashi B. Singh, Mukta V. Limaye et al.     This investigation studies the various magnetic behaviors of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxides (rGOs) and elucidates the relationship between the chemical states …             Flexible and High Performance Supercapacitors Based on NiCo2O4for Wide Temperature Range Applications ▶     Ram K. Gupta, John Candler, Soubantika Palchoudhury et al.     Binder free nanostructured NiCo2O4 were grown using a facile hydrothermal technique. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the phase purity of NiCo2O4. The surface morphology and …             Vaccination Programs for Endemic Infections: Modelling Real versus Apparent Impacts of Vaccine and Infection Characteristics ▶     Romain Ragonnet, James M. Trauer, Justin T. Denholm et al.     Vaccine effect, as measured in clinical trials, may not accurately reflect population-level impact. Furthermore, little is known about how sensitive apparent or real vaccine …             Photoacoustic “nanobombs” fight against undesirable vesicular compartmentalization of anticancer drugs ▶     Aiping Chen, Chun Xu, Min Li et al.     Undesirable intracellular vesicular compartmentalization of anticancer drugs in cancer cells is a common cause of chemoresistance. Strategies aimed at circumventing this problem …             Light-induced cell damage in live-cell super-resolution microscopy ▶     Sina Wäldchen, Julian Lehmann, Teresa Klein et al.     Super-resolution microscopy can unravel previously hidden details of cellular structures but requires high irradiation intensities to use the limited photon budget efficiently. …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Surface soil phytoliths as vegetation and altitude indicators: a study from the southern Himalaya ▶     Xiaohong An, Houyuan Lu, Guoqiang Chu     Phytoliths represent one of the few available altitudinal vegetation proxies for mountain ecosystems. This study analyzed 41 topsoil phytolith samples collected from five …             A parabolic model of drag coefficient for storm surge simulation in the South China Sea ▶     Shiqiu Peng, Yineng Li     Drag coefficient (Cd) is an essential metric in the calculation of momentum exchange over the air-sea interface and thus has large impacts on the simulation or forecast of the …             Nationwide trophic cascades: changes in avian community structure driven by ungulates ▶     Georgina Palmer, Philip A. Stephens, Alastair I. Ward et al.     In recent decades, many ungulate populations have changed dramatically in abundance, resulting in cascading effects across ecosystems. However, studies of such effects are often …             Global hotspots in the present-day distribution of ancient animal and plant lineages ▶     Şerban Procheş, Syd Ramdhani, Sandun J. Perera et al.     The current distribution of biotic lineages that emerged in the deep time has both theoretical and practical implications, in particular for understanding the processes that have …             Niche differentiation of bacterial communities at a millimeter scale in Shark Bay microbial mats ▶     Hon Lun Wong, Daniela-Lee Smith, Pieter T. Visscher et al.     Modern microbial mats can provide key insights into early Earth ecosystems, and Shark Bay, Australia, holds one of the best examples of these systems. Identifying the spatial …             Nitrogen fluxes at the root-soil interface show a mismatch of nitrogen fertilizer supply and sugarcane root uptake capacity ▶     Richard Brackin, Torgny Näsholm, Nicole Robinson et al.     Globally only ≈50% of applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer is captured by crops, and the remainder can cause pollution via runoff and gaseous emissions. Synchronizing soil N supply …             Carbon Nanotubes Act as Contaminant Carriers and Translocate within Plants ▶     Guosheng Chen, Junlang Qiu, Yan Liu et al.     Nanotechnology permits broad advances in agriculture. However, as it is still at a relatively early stage of development, the potential risks remain unclear. Herein, for the …             Mechanical origin of aftershocks ▶     E. Lippiello, F. Giacco, W. Marzocchi et al.     Aftershocks are the most striking evidence of earthquake interactions and the physical mechanisms at the origin of their occurrence are still intensively debated. Novel insights …             Diversity and distribution of fungal communities in the marine sediments of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (High Arctic) ▶     Tao Zhang, Neng Fei Wang, Yu Qin Zhang et al.     This study assessed the diversity and distribution of fungal communities in eight marine sediments of Kongsfjorden (Svalbard, High Arctic) using 454 pyrosequencing with …             Divergent biophysical controls of aquatic CO2 and CH4 in the World’s two largest rivers ▶     Alberto V. Borges, Gwenaël Abril, François Darchambeau et al.     Carbon emissions to the atmosphere from inland waters are globally significant and mainly occur at tropical latitudes. However, processes controlling the intensity of CO2 and CH4 …             Crystal structure, equation of state, and elasticity of phase H (MgSiO4H2) at Earth’s lower mantle pressures ▶     Jun Tsuchiya, Mainak Mookherjee     Dense hydrous magnesium silicate (DHMS) phases play a crucial role in transporting water in to the Earth’s interior. A newly discovered DHMS, phase H (MgSiO4H2), is stable at …             First discovery of Holocene cryptotephra in Amazonia ▶     Elizabeth J. Watson, Graeme T. Swindles, Ivan P. Savov et al.     The use of volcanic ash layers for dating and correlation (tephrochronology) is widely applied in the study of past environmental changes. We describe the first cryptotephra …             Anaerobic ammonium oxidation and its contribution to nitrogen removal in China’s coastal wetlands ▶     Lijun Hou, Yanling Zheng, Min Liu et al.     Over the past several decades, human activities have caused substantial enrichment of reactive nitrogen in China’s coastal wetlands. Although anaerobic ammonium oxidation …             Are invasive plants more competitive than native conspecifics? Patterns vary with competitors ▶     Yulong Zheng, Yulong Feng, Alfonso Valiente-Banuet et al.     Invasive plants are sometimes considered to be more competitive than their native conspecifics, according to the prediction that the invader reallocates resources from defense to …             Metabolomics reveals metabolic changes in male reproductive cells exposed to thirdhand smoke ▶     Bo Xu, Minjian Chen, Mengmeng Yao et al.     Thirdhand smoke (THS) is a new term for the toxins in cigarette smoke that linger in the environment long after the cigarettes are extinguished. The effects of THS exposure on …             Archived DNA reveals fisheries and climate induced collapse of a major fishery ▶     Sara Bonanomi, Loïc Pellissier, Nina Overgaard Therkildsen et al.     Fishing and climate change impact the demography of marine fishes, but it is generally ignored that many species are made up of genetically distinct locally adapted populations …             Spectrometry of the Earth using Neutrino Oscillations ▶     C. Rott, A. Taketa, D. Bose     The unknown constituents of the interior of our home planet have provoked the human imagination and driven scientific exploration. We herein demonstrate that large neutrino …             Principal nonlinear dynamical modes of climate variability ▶     Dmitry Mukhin, Andrey Gavrilov, Alexander Feigin et al.     We suggest a new nonlinear expansion of space-distributed observational time series. The expansion allows constructing principal nonlinear manifolds holding essential part of …             Untangling the biological effects of cerium oxide nanoparticles: the role of surface valence states ▶     Gerardo Pulido-Reyes, Ismael Rodea-Palomares, Soumen Das et al.     Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria; CNPs) have been found to have both pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant effects on different cell systems or organisms. In order to untangle the …             Heavy metal removal from MSWI fly ash by electrokinetic remediation coupled with a permeable activated charcoal reactive barrier ▶     Tao Huang, Dongwei Li, Liu Kexiang et al.     This paper presents the investigations into the feasibility of the application of a remediation system that couples electrokinetic remediation (EKR) with the permeable reactive …             An auto-adaptive optimization approach for targeting nonpoint source pollution control practices ▶     Lei Chen, Guoyuan Wei, Zhenyao Shen     To solve computationally intensive and technically complex control of nonpoint source pollution, the traditional genetic algorithm was modified into an auto-adaptive pattern, and …             Corrigendum: An indica rice genotype showed a similar yield enhancement to that of hybrid rice under free air carbon dioxide enrichment ▶     Chunwu Zhu, Xi Xu, Dan Wang et al.                 Erratum: Martian outflow channels: How did their source aquifers form, and why did they drain so rapidly? ▶     J. Alexis P. Rodriguez, Jeffrey S. Kargel, Victor R. Baker et al.                 How to Regenerate and Protect Desert Riparian Populus euphratica Forest in Arid Areas ▶     Hongbo Ling, Pei Zhang, Hailiang Xu et al.     We found that the most suitable flooding disturbance model for regenerating Populus euphratica forest was two to three times per year with a duration of 15–20 days and an …             InSAR analysis of surface deformation over permafrost to estimate active layer thickness based on one-dimensional heat transfer model of soils ▶     Zhiwei Li, Rong Zhao, Jun Hu et al.     This paper presents a novel method to estimate active layer thickness (ALT) over permafrost based on InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) observation and the heat …             Morphological Variability and Distinct Protein Profiles of Cultured and Endosymbiotic Symbiodinium cells Isolated from Exaiptasia pulchella ▶     Buntora Pasaribu, Li-Chi Weng, I-Ping Lin et al.     Symbiodinium is a dinoflagellate that plays an important role in the physiology of the symbiotic relationships of Cnidarians such as corals and sea anemones. However, it is very …             Spatially extensive microbial biogeography of the Indian Ocean provides insights into the unique community structure of a pristine coral atoll ▶     Thomas C. Jeffries, Martin Ostrowski, Rohan B. Williams et al.     Microorganisms act both as drivers and indicators of perturbations in the marine environment. In an effort to establish baselines to predict the response of marine habitats to …             Species extinction thresholds in the face of spatially correlated periodic disturbance ▶     Jinbao Liao, Zhixia Ying, David E. Hiebeler et al.     The spatial correlation of disturbance is gaining attention in landscape ecology, but knowledge is still lacking on how species traits determine extinction thresholds under …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Development and External Validation of Nomograms for Predicting Survival in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients after Definitive Radiotherapy ▶     Lin Yang, Shaodong Hong, Yan Wang et al.     The distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) differ significantly among individuals even within the same clinical stages. The purpose of this …             A simple optimization approach for improving target dose homogeneity in intensity-modulated radiotherapy for sinonasal cancer ▶     Jia-Yang Lu, Ji-Yong Zhang, Mei Li et al.     Homogeneous target dose distribution in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for sinonasal cancer (SNC) is challenging to achieve. To solve this problem, we established and …             Clinical significance of Anoctamin-1 gene at 11q13 in the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas ▶     Juan P. Rodrigo, Sofía Tirados Menéndez, Francisco Hermida-Prado et al.     This study investigates the clinical significance of Anoctamin-1 gene mapping at 11q13 amplicon in both the development and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas …             Joint Effect of Genotypic and Phenotypic Features of Reproductive Factors on Endometrial Cancer Risk ▶     Zhanwei Wang, Harvey Risch, Lingeng Lu et al.     Prolonged estrogen exposure is believed to be the major cause of endometrial cancer. As possible markers of estrogen exposure, various menstrual and reproductive features, e.g., …             SKLB-677, an FLT3 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, displays potent activity in models of FLT3-driven AML ▶     Shuang Ma, Ling-Ling Yang, Ting Niu et al.     FLT3 has been identified as a valid target for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and some FLT3 inhibitors have shown very good efficacy in treating AML in clinical …             A Highly Similar Mathematical Model for Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity in Geriatric Patients with Suspected Cerebrovascular Disease ▶     Bo Liu, Qi Li, Jisheng Wang et al.     Cerebral blood flow velocity(CBFV) is an important parameter for study of cerebral hemodynamics. However, a simple and highly similar mathematical model has not yet been …             Screening and identification of five serum proteins as novel potential biomarkers for cured pulmonary tuberculosis ▶     Chong Wang, Li-Liang Wei, Li-Ying Shi et al.     Rapid and efficient methods for the determination of cured tuberculosis (TB) are lacking. A total of 85 differentially expressed serum proteins were identified by iTRAQ labeling …             Tumor-induced lymph node alterations detected by MRI lymphography using gadolinium nanoparticles ▶     S. C. Partridge, B. F. Kurland, C.-L. Liu et al.     Contrast-enhanced MRI lymphography shows potential to identify alterations in lymph drainage through lymph nodes (LNs) in cancer and other diseases. MRI studies have typically …             Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in Behaving Non-Human Primates via Focused Ultrasound with Systemically Administered Microbubbles ▶     Matthew E. Downs, Amanda Buch, Maria Eleni Karakatsani et al.     Over the past fifteen years, focused ultrasound coupled with intravenously administered microbubbles (FUS) has been proven an effective, non-invasive technique to open the …             Chelating effect in short polymers for the design of bidentate binders of increased affinity and selectivity ▶     Sara Fortuna, Federico Fogolari, Giacinto Scoles     The design of new strong and selective binders is a key step towards the development of new sensing devices and effective drugs. Both affinity and selectivity can be increased …             The protective role of montelukast against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats ▶     Shenbao Wu, Xuxing Zhu, Zhonghai Jin et al.     Several drugs are effective in attenuating intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI); however little is known about the effect of montelukast. Fifty rats were randomly …             Noninvasive imaging of radiolabeled exosome-mimetic nanovesicle using 99mTc-HMPAO ▶     Do Won Hwang, Hongyoon Choi, Su Chul Jang et al.     Exosomes known as nano-sized extracellular vesicles attracted recent interests due to their potential usefulness in drug delivery. Amid remarkable advances in biomedical …             Endogenously elevated bilirubin modulates kidney function and protects from circulating oxidative stress in a rat model of adenine-induced kidney failure ▶     Ai-Ching Boon, Alfred K. Lam, Vinod Gopalan et al.     Mildly elevated bilirubin is associated with a reduction in the presence and progression of chronic kidney disease and related mortality, which may be attributed to bilirubin’s …             Tiagabine Protects Dopaminergic Neurons against Neurotoxins by Inhibiting Microglial Activation ▶     Jie Liu, Dongping Huang, Jing Xu et al.     Microglial activation and inflammation are associated with progressive neuronal apoptosis in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). γ-Aminobutyric acid …             Vagal modulation of high mobility group box-1 protein mediates electroacupuncture-induced cardioprotection in ischemia-reperfusion injury ▶     Juan Zhang, Yue Yong, Xing Li et al.     Excessive release of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein from ischemic cardiomyocytes activates inflammatory cascades and enhances myocardial injury after reperfusion. Here …             Hirsutella sinensis mycelium attenuates bleomycin-induced pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in vivo ▶     Tsung-Teng Huang, Hsin-Chih Lai, Yun-Fei Ko et al.     Hirsutella sinensis mycelium (HSM), the anamorph of Cordyceps sinensis, is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been shown to possess various pharmacological properties. We …             Lumazine Synthase Protein Nanoparticle-Gd(III)-DOTA Conjugate as a T1 contrast agent for high-field MRI ▶     YoungKyu Song, Young Ji Kang, Hoesu Jung et al.     With the applications of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at higher magnetic fields increasing, there is demand for MRI contrast agents with improved relaxivity at higher …             Association study of BCL9 gene polymorphism rs583583 with schizophrenia and negative symptoms in Japanese population ▶     Hiroki Kimura, Satoshi Tanaka, Itaru Kushima et al.     B-cell CLL/lymphoma 9 (BCL9) is located within the schizophrenia (SCZ) suspected locus chr1q21.1. A recent study reported that a single nucleotide polyphormism (SNP) within BCL9 …             Comparison of medetomidine, thiopental and ketamine/midazolam anesthesia in chick embryos for in ovo Magnetic Resonance Imaging free of motion artifacts ▶     Conny Waschkies, Flora Nicholls, Johanna Buschmann     Non-invasive assessment of the perfusion capacity of tissue engineered constructs grown on the chorioallantoic membrane by MRI is often hampered by motion artifacts. Therefore, …             TUBA1A mutation can cause a hydranencephaly-like severe form of cortical dysgenesis ▶     Setsuri Yokoi, Naoko Ishihara, Fuyuki Miya et al.     TUBA1A mutations cause a wide spectrum of lissencephaly and brain malformations. Here, we report two patients with severe cortical dysgeneses, one with an extremely thin cerebral …             Sclerostin Antibody Treatment Increases Bone Formation, Bone Mass, and Bone Strength of Intact Bones in Adult Male Rats ▶     Pui Kit Suen, Tracy Y. Zhu, Dick Ho Kiu Chow et al.     We investigated the systemic effect of sclerostin monoclonal antibody (Scl-Ab) treatment on intact non-operated bones in an open osteotomy male Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model. …             Testicular expression of the Lin28/let-7 system: Hormonal regulation and changes during postnatal maturation and after manipulations of puberty ▶     S. Sangiao-Alvarellos, M. Manfredi-Lozano, F. Ruiz-Pino et al.     The Lin28/let-7 system, which includes the RNA-binding proteins, Lin28a/Lin28b, and let-7 miRNAs, has emerged as putative regulator of puberty and male gametogenesis; yet, its …             A load of mice to hypergravity causes AMPKα repression with liver injury, which is overcome by preconditioning loads via Nrf2 ▶     Sang Gil Lee, Chan Gyu Lee, Hong Min Wu et al.     An understanding of the effects of hypergravity on energy homeostasis is necessary in managing proper physiological countermeasures for aerospace missions. This study …             The post-vaccine microevolution of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae ▶     Amelieke J. H. Cremers, Fredrick M. Mobegi, Marien I. de Jonge et al.     The 7-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccine (PCV7) has affected the genetic population of Streptococcus pneumoniae in pediatric carriage. Little is known however about …             Chronic Activation of the Renin-Angiotensin System Induces Lung Fibrosis ▶     Jiaolong Wang, Li Chen, Bohao Chen et al.     Pulmonary fibrosis is a serious lung disorder that can lead to respiratory failure. Here we show that transgenic mice expressing active renin from the liver (RenTgMK) developed …             Intravenous infusion of H2-saline suppresses oxidative stress and elevates antioxidant potential in Thoroughbred horses after racing exercise ▶     Masahiko Yamazaki, Kanichi Kusano, Toru Ishibashi et al.     Upon intensive, exhaustive exercise, exercise-induced reactive oxygen species may exceed the antioxidant defence threshold, consequently resulting in muscular damage or …             Metformin Attenuates Testosterone-Induced Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats: A Pharmacological Perspective ▶     Hala H. Mosli, Ahmed Esmat, Reem T. Atawia et al.     Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is uncontrolled proliferation of prostate tissue. Metformin, a widely prescribed anti-diabetic agent, possesses anticancer activity through …             A Versatile Microarray Platform for Capturing Rare Cells ▶     Falko Brinkmann, Michael Hirtz, Anna Haller et al.     Analyses of rare events occurring at extremely low frequencies in body fluids are still challenging. We established a versatile microarray-based platform able to capture single …             Phosphatidic Acid (PA) can Displace PPARα/LXRα Binding to The EGFR Promoter Causing its Transrepression in Luminal Cancer Cells ▶     Madhu Mahankali, Terry Farkaly, Shimpi Bedi et al.     The expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is highly regulated in normal cells, whereas some cancer cells have high constitutive levels. Understanding …             Chromium exposure and incidence of metabolic syndrome among American young adults over a 23-year follow-up: the CARDIA Trace Element Study ▶     Jianling Bai, Pengcheng Xun, Steve Morris et al.     Studies suggest that chromium deficiency is associated with elevated levels of fasting blood glucose, circulating insulin, cholesterol and triglycerides, and decreased proportion …             Gene Expression Profiling Identifies Interferon Signalling Molecules and IGFBP3 in Human Degenerative Annulus Fibrosus ▶     Zepur Kazezian, Rahul Gawri, Lisbet Haglund et al.     Low back pain is a major cause of disability especially for people between 20 and 50 years of age. As a costly healthcare problem, it imposes a serious socio-economic burden. …             Direct association between diet and the stability of human atherosclerotic plaque ▶     Isabel Gonçalves, Elisavet Andersson Georgiadou, Sören Mattsson et al.     Mediterranean diet has been suggested to explain why coronary heart disease mortality is lower in southern than northern Europe. Dietary habits can be revealed by isotope ratio …             Comprehensive microRNA profiling in acetaminophen toxicity identifies novel circulating biomarkers for human liver and kidney injury ▶     A. D. B. Vliegenthart, J. M. Shaffer, J. I. Clarke et al.     Our objective was to identify microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers of drug-induced liver and kidney injury by profiling the circulating miRNome in patients with acetaminophen overdose. …             MR diffusion-weighted imaging-based subcutaneous tumour volumetry in a xenografted nude mouse model using 3D Slicer: an accurate and repeatable method ▶     Zelan Ma, Xin Chen, Yanqi Huang et al.     Accurate and repeatable measurement of the gross tumour volume(GTV) of subcutaneous xenografts is crucial in the evaluation of anti-tumour therapy. Formula and image-based manual …             Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reduce Murine Atherosclerosis Development ▶     Vanessa Frodermann, Janine van Duijn, Melissa van Pel et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have regenerative properties, but recently they were also found to have immunomodulatory capacities. We therefore investigated whether MSCs could …             Connexin26 gap junction mediates miRNA intercellular genetic communication in the cochlea and is required for inner ear development ▶     Yan Zhu, Liang Zong, Ling Mei et al.     Organ development requires well-established intercellular communication to coordinate cell proliferations and differentiations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that …             Protective Efficacy and Mechanism of Passive Immunization with Polyclonal Antibodies in a Sepsis Model of Staphylococcus aureus Infection ▶     Jinyong Zhang, Feng Yang, Xiaoli Zhang et al.     Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen responsible for a diverse spectrum of human diseases, resulting in considerable yearly mortality rates. …             A functional module-based exploration between inflammation and cancer in esophagus ▶     Nannan Liu, Chunhua Li, Yan Huang et al.     Inflammation contributing to the underlying progression of diverse human cancers has been generally appreciated, however, explorations into the molecular links between …             Aberrant Autophagic Response in The Muscle of A Knock-in Mouse Model of Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy ▶     Paola Rusmini, Maria Josefa Polanco, Riccardo Cristofani et al.     Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is characterized by loss of motoneurons and sensory neurons, accompanied by atrophy of muscle cells. SBMA is due to an androgen receptor …             Zebrafish Models for Human Acute Organophosphorus Poisoning ▶     Melissa Faria, Natàlia Garcia-Reyero, Francesc Padrós et al.     Terrorist use of organophosphorus-based nerve agents and toxic industrial chemicals against civilian populations constitutes a real threat, as demonstrated by the terrorist …             Sustained suppression of viral replication in improving vitamin D serum concentrations in patients with chronic hepatitis B ▶     En-Qiang Chen, Lang Bai, Tao-You Zhou et al.     Recently, the role of vitamin D in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) has attracted a lot attention. In this study, 128 naïve CHB patients (91 with positive HBeAg, 37 with negative-HBeAg) …             Rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with pneumonia by an immuno-chromatographic antigen assay ▶     Wei Li, Yujie Liu, Yun Zhao et al.     Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a particularly important pathogen that causes community acquired pneumonia in children. In this study, a rapid test was developed to diagnose M. …             Evaluation of selected interleukins in patients with different gastric neoplasms: a preliminary report ▶     Anna Madej-Michniewicz, Marta Budkowska, Daria Sałata et al.     Abnormal interactions between cytokines may be an overlooked mechanism linking the development of different types of gastric neoplasms. In this study a comprehensive analysis of …             Computer-assisted quantification of motile and invasive capabilities of cancer cells ▶     Karthiga Santhana Kumar, Max Pillong, Jens Kunze et al.     High-throughput analysis of cancer cell dissemination and its control by extrinsic and intrinsic cellular factors is hampered by the lack of adequate and efficient analytical …             Ablation of CD8α+ dendritic cell mediated cross-presentation does not impact atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic mice ▶     Bart Legein, Edith M. Janssen, Thomas L. Theelen et al.     Clinical complications of atherosclerosis are almost exclusively linked to destabilization of the atherosclerotic plaque. Batf3-dependent dendritic cells specialize in …             Orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 affects cardiomyocyte calcium homeostasis and adverse cardiac remodelling ▶     Lejla Medzikovic, Cees A. Schumacher, Arie O. Verkerk et al.     Distinct stressors may induce heart failure. As compensation, β-adrenergic stimulation enhances myocardial contractility by elevating cardiomyocyte intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). …             Proteomic analysis of neurons microdissected from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded Alzheimer’s disease brain tissue ▶     Eleanor S Drummond, Shruti Nayak, Beatrix Ueberheide et al.     The vast majority of human tissue specimens are formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) archival samples, making this type of tissue a potential gold mine for medical research. …             Constitutively Active Acetylcholine-Dependent Potassium Current Increases Atrial Defibrillation Threshold by Favoring Post-Shock Re-Initiation ▶     Brian O. Bingen, Saïd F. A. Askar, Zeinab Neshati et al.     Electrical cardioversion (ECV), a mainstay in atrial fibrillation (AF) treatment, is unsuccessful in up to 10–20% of patients. An important aspect of the remodeling process …             Sex-specific association of rs4746172 of VCL gene with hypertension in two Han populations from Southern China ▶     Qin Yu, Hong-Peng Sun, Wan-Qun Chen et al.     Hypertension is the most common and lethal risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous variants have been associated with hypertension, however, most of which failed …             The role of influenza in the epidemiology of pneumonia ▶     Sourya Shrestha, Betsy Foxman, Joshua Berus et al.     Interactions arising from sequential viral and bacterial infections play important roles in the epidemiological outcome of many respiratory pathogens. Influenza virus has been …             A monocyte/granulocyte to lymphocyte ratio predicts survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Dongsheng Zhou, Yaojun Zhang, Li Xu et al.     Conflict that the derived neutrophil lymphocyte (dNLR) has prognostic value in patients with a variety of cancers exists. The aim of the present study was to devise a …             Genetically-reduced serum ACE activity might be a causal risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: A meta-analysis ▶     Lan He, Bin Wang, Wei-Ya Lang et al.     We meta-analytically summarized the associations of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism with ACE activity and obstructive sleep apnea …             Topotecan for Relapsed Small-cell Lung Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 1347 Patients ▶     Nobuyuki Horita, Masaki Yamamoto, Takashi Sato et al.     Topotecan is the most reliable chemotherapy regimen for relapsed small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). The efficacy and adverse effects of topotecan as reported by previous studies …             Aspirin might reduce the incidence of pancreatic cancer: A meta-analysis of observational studies ▶     Yan-Peng Zhang, You-Dong Wan, Yu-Ling Sun et al.     Although there is evidence that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) might be able to prevent pancreatic cancer, the findings from epidemiological studies have been …             Genomic expression catalogue of a global collection of BCG vaccine strains show evidence for highly diverged metabolic and cell-wall adaptations ▶     Abdallah M. Abdallah, Grant A. Hill-Cawthorne, Thomas D. Otto et al.     Although Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines against tuberculosis have been available for more than 90 years, their effectiveness has been hindered by variable protective …             Tristetraprolin regulation of interleukin-22 production ▶     Lorena Härdle, Malte Bachmann, Franziska Bollmann et al.     Interleukin (IL)-22 is a STAT3-activating cytokine displaying characteristic AU-rich elements (ARE) in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of its mRNA. This architecture suggests …             Erratum: Selective Connexin43 Inhibition Prevents Isoproterenol-Induced Arrhythmias and Lethality in Muscular Dystrophy Mice ▶     J. Patrick Gonzalez, Jayalakshmi Ramachandran, Lai-Hua Xie et al.                 Constitutional de novo deletion of the FBXW7 gene in a patient with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and multiple primitive tumors ▶     Gaia Roversi, Chiara Picinelli, Ilaria Bestetti et al.     Multiple primary malignant neoplasms are rare entities in the clinical setting, but represent an important issue in the clinical management of patients since they could be …             Erratum: High frequency of deficient consumption and low blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in HIV-1-infected adults from São Paulo city, Brazil ▶     Stephanie Hael Sales, Sandra Maria Matta, Daniela Cardeal da Silva et al.                 TYR as a multifunctional reporter gene regulated by the Tet-on system for multimodality imaging: an in vitro study ▶     Hongyan Feng, Xiaotian Xia, Chongjiao Li et al.     The human tyrosinase gene TYR is a multifunctional reporter gene with potential use in photoacoustic imaging (PAI), positron emission tomography (PET), and magnetic resonance …             Evaluation and Validation of the Detection of soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay ▶     Astrid Hasibeder, Pamela Stein, Ricardo Brandwijk et al.     Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 plays an important role in innate immune responses and is upregulated under infectious as well as non-infectious …             Derivation of Ethnically Diverse Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines ▶     Eun Ah Chang, Martin L. Tomov, Steven T. Suhr et al.     The human genome with all its ethnic variations contributes to differences in human development, aging, disease, repair, and response to medical treatments and is an exciting …             Erratum: Whole genome and transcriptome sequencing of matched primary and peritoneal metastatic gastric carcinoma ▶     J. Zhang, J. Y. Huang, Y. N. Chen et al.                 IL-4 Protects the Mitochondria Against TNFα and IFNγ Induced Insult During Clearance of Infection with Citrobacter rodentium and Escherichia coli ▶     Arpan K. Maiti, Sinan Sharba, Nazanin Navabi et al.     Citrobacter rodentium is a murine pathogen that serves as a model for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. C. rodentium infection reduced the quantity and activity of mitochondrial …             Genome editing of CXCR4 by CRISPR/cas9 confers cells resistant to HIV-1 infection ▶     Panpan Hou, Shuliang Chen, Shilei Wang et al.     Genome editing via CRISPR/Cas9 has become an efficient and reliable way to make precise, targeted changes to the genome of living cells. CXCR4 is a co-receptor for the human …             Pretreatment with β-Boswellic Acid Improves Blood Stasis Induced Endothelial Dysfunction: Role of eNOS Activation ▶     Mingming Wang, Minchun Chen, Yi Ding et al.     Vascular endothelial cells play an important role in modulating anti-thrombus and maintaining the natural function of vascular by secreting many active substances. β-boswellic …             Vaccination Programs for Endemic Infections: Modelling Real versus Apparent Impacts of Vaccine and Infection Characteristics ▶     Romain Ragonnet, James M. Trauer, Justin T. Denholm et al.     Vaccine effect, as measured in clinical trials, may not accurately reflect population-level impact. Furthermore, little is known about how sensitive apparent or real vaccine …             Interactive Volumetry Of Liver Ablation Zones ▶     Jan Egger, Harald Busse, Philipp Brandmaier et al.     Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive technique that destroys cancer cells by heat. The heat results from focusing energy in the radiofrequency …             Protein array identification of protein markers for serodiagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection ▶     Fangbin Zhou, Xindong Xu, Sijia Wu et al.     The lack of effective and accurate diagnostic tools contributes to the high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. The current serodiagnostics for TB are inadequate mainly …             Effects of Scorpion venom peptide B5 on hematopoietic recovery in irradiated mice and the primary mechanisms ▶     Caixia Wang, Meixun Zhou, Ting Li et al.     Scorpion venom peptide B5 (SVP-B5) stimulates recovery of hematopoiesis after exposure to radiation. However, its radioprotective effects and mechanisms are still unclear. The …             Systems assessment of intercalated combination of chemotherapy and EGFR TKIs versus chemotherapy or EGFR TKIs alone in advanced NSCLC patients ▶     Han Yan, Qin Li, Wei Wang et al.     Both chemotherapy and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) are widely applied for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the …             'Visual’ parsing can be taught quickly without visual experience during critical periods ▶     Lior Reich, Amir Amedi     Cases of invasive sight-restoration in congenital blind adults demonstrated that acquiring visual abilities is extremely challenging, presumably because visual-experience during …             Combinatorial RNA Interference Therapy Prevents Selection of Pre-existing HBV Variants in Human Liver Chimeric Mice ▶     Yao-Ming Shih, Cheng-Pu Sun, Hui-Hsien Chou et al.     Selection of escape mutants with mutations within the target sequence could abolish the antiviral RNA interference activity. Here, we investigated the impact of a pre-existing …             The non-octarepeat copper binding site of the prion protein is a key regulator of prion conversion ▶     Gabriele Giachin, Phuong Thao Mai, Thanh Hoa Tran et al.     The conversion of the prion protein (PrPC) into prions plays a key role in transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Despite the importance for pathogenesis, the mechanism of …             Pathophysiological analyses of cortical malformation using gyrencephalic mammals ▶     Kosuke Masuda, Tomohisa Toda, Yohei Shinmyo et al.     One of the most prominent features of the cerebral cortex of higher mammals is the presence of gyri. Because malformations of the cortical gyri are associated with severe …             Histidine provides long-term neuroprotection after cerebral ischemia through promoting astrocyte migration ▶     Ru-jia Liao, Lei Jiang, Rong-rong Wang et al.     The formation of glial scar impedes the neurogenesis and neural functional recovery following cerebral ischemia. 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