Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 17 November 2015

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17 November 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports             Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences               Biological Sciences ▲ top               Co-Expression Network Models Suggest that Stress Increases Tolerance to Mutations ▶     Sonja Lehtinen, Jürg Bähler, Christine Orengo     Network models are a well established tool for studying the robustness of complex systems, including modelling the effect of loss of function mutations in protein interaction …             Endochondral ossification pathway genes and postmenopausal osteoporosis: Association and specific allele related serum bone sialoprotein levels in Han Chinese ▶     Yunzhi Zhang, Haiyan Liu, Chen Zhang et al.     Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and disrupted bone architecture, predisposing the patient to increased fracture …             Catestatin attenuates endoplasmic reticulum induced cell apoptosis by activation type 2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion ▶     Feng Liao, Yang Zheng, Junyan Cai et al.     Catestatin (CST) is a catecholamine secretion inhibiting peptide as non-competitive inhibitor of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. CST play a protective role in cardiac …             The FDA-approved natural product dihydroergocristine reduces the production of the Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β peptides ▶     Xiling Lei, Jing Yu, Qi Niu et al.     Known γ-secretase inhibitors or modulators display an undesirable pharmacokinetic profile and toxicity and have therefore not been successful in clinical trials for Alzheimer’s …             Bumblebee learning and memory is impaired by chronic exposure to a neonicotinoid pesticide ▶     Dara A. Stanley, Karen E. Smith, Nigel E. Raine     Bumblebees are exposed to pesticides applied for crop protection while foraging on treated plants, with increasing evidence suggesting that this sublethal exposure has …             Cardiac Optogenetics: Enhancement by All-trans-Retinal ▶     Jinzhu Yu, Kay Chen, Rachel V. Lucero et al.     All-trans-Retinal (ATR) is a photosensitizer, serving as the chromophore for depolarizing and hyperpolarizing light-sensitive ion channels and pumps (opsins), recently employed …             The Shiga toxin 2 production level in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 is correlated with the subtypes of toxin-encoding phage ▶     Yoshitoshi Ogura, Shakhinur Islam Mondal, Md Rakibul Islam et al.     Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) causes diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis with life-threatening complications, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. Their major virulence factor is …             Dzip3 regulates developmental genes in mouse embryonic stem cells by reorganizing 3D chromatin conformation ▶     Daishi Inoue, Hitoshi Aihara, Tatsuharu Sato et al.     In mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells, ubiquitylation of histone H2A lysine 119 represses a large number of developmental genes and maintains mES cell pluripotency. It has been …             Human proximal tubule epithelial cells cultured on hollow fibers: living membranes that actively transport organic cations ▶     J. Jansen, I. E De Napoli, M. Fedecostante et al.     The bioartificial kidney (BAK) aims at improving dialysis by developing ‘living membranes’ for cells-aided removal of uremic metabolites. Here, unique human conditionally …             Structure-based drug design targeting the cell membrane receptor GPBAR1: exploiting the bile acid scaffold towards selective agonism ▶     Francesco Saverio Di Leva, Carmen Festa, Barbara Renga et al.     Bile acids can regulate nutrient metabolism through the activation of the cell membrane receptor GPBAR1 and the nuclear receptor FXR. Developing an exogenous control over these …             Discovery of Novel ROCK1 Inhibitors via Integrated Virtual Screening Strategy and Bioassays ▶     Mingyun Shen, Sheng Tian, Peichen Pan et al.     Rho-associated kinases (ROCKs) have been regarded as promising drug targets for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, nervous system diseases and cancers. In this study, a …             Supranormal orientation selectivity of visual neurons in orientation-restricted animals ▶     Kota S. Sasaki, Rui Kimura, Taihei Ninomiya et al.     Altered sensory experience in early life often leads to remarkable adaptations so that humans and animals can make the best use of the available information in a particular …             Revealing the binding modes and the unbinding of 14-3-3σ proteins and inhibitors by computational methods ▶     Guodong Hu, Zanxia Cao, Shicai Xu et al.     The 14-3-3σ proteins are a family of ubiquitous conserved eukaryotic regulatory molecules involved in the regulation of mitogenic signal transduction, apoptotic cell death, and …             Spontaneous membrane-translocating peptides: influence of peptide self-aggregation and cargo polarity ▶     Sara Macchi, Giovanni Signore, Claudia Boccardi et al.     Peptides that translocate spontaneously across cell membranes could transform the field of drug delivery by enabling the transport of otherwise membrane-impermeant molecules into …             Tetrathiomolybdate mediates cisplatin-induced p38 signaling and EGFR degradation and enhances response to cisplatin therapy in gynecologic cancers ▶     Kyu Kwang Kim, Alex Han, Naohiro Yano et al.     Cisplatin and its analogs are among the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents against various types of cancer. It is known that cisplatin can activate epidermal growth factor …             Regulation of formation of volatile compounds of tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves by single light wavelength ▶     Xiumin Fu, Yiyong Chen, Xin Mei et al.     Regulation of plant growth and development by light wavelength has been extensively studied. Less attention has been paid to effect of light wavelength on formation of plant …             Type of in vitro cultivation influences cytoadhesion, knob structure, protein localization and transcriptome profile of Plasmodium falciparum ▶     Ann-Kathrin Tilly, Jenny Thiede, Nahla Metwally et al.     In vitro cultivation of Plasmodium falciparum is critical for studying the biology of this parasite. However, it is likely that different in vitro cultivation conditions …             miR-34a screened by miRNA profiling negatively regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in Aflatoxin B1 induced hepatotoxicity ▶     Liye Zhu, Jing Gao, Kunlun Huang et al.     Aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1), a hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin, was demonstrated to induce the high rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in the regulation …             Formononetin promotes angiogenesis through the estrogen receptor alpha-enhanced ROCK pathway ▶     Shang Li, Yuanye Dang, Xuelin Zhou et al.     Formononetin is an isoflavone that has been shown to display estrogenic properties and induce angiogenesis activities. However, the interrelationship between the estrogenic …             Triggering of high-speed neurite outgrowth using an optical microheater ▶     Kotaro Oyama, Vadim Zeeb, Yuki Kawamura et al.     Optical microheating is a powerful non-invasive method for manipulating biological functions such as gene expression, muscle contraction, and cell excitation. Here, we …             Targeting kinases with anilinopyrimidines: discovery of N-phenyl-N’-[4-(pyrimidin-4-ylamino)phenyl]urea derivatives as selective inhibitors of class III receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily ▶     Valentina Gandin, Alessandro Ferrarese, Martina Dalla Via et al.     Kinase inhibitors are attractive drugs/drug candidates for the treatment of cancer. The most recent literature has highlighted the importance of multi target kinase inhibitors, …             Involvement of FKBP6 in hepatitis C virus replication ▶     Hirotake Kasai, Kunihiro Kawakami, Hiromasa Yokoe et al.     The chaperone system is known to be exploited by viruses for their replication. In the present study, we identified the cochaperone FKBP6 as a host factor required for hepatitis …             Organ-wide 3D-imaging and topological analysis of the continuous microvascular network in a murine lymph node ▶     Inken D. Kelch, Gib Bogle, Gregory B. Sands et al.     Understanding of the microvasculature has previously been limited by the lack of methods capable of capturing and modelling complete vascular networks. We used novel imaging and …             MR-PheWAS: hypothesis prioritization among potential causal effects of body mass index on many outcomes, using Mendelian randomization ▶     Louise A. C. Millard, Neil M. Davies, Nic J. Timpson et al.     Observational cohort studies can provide rich datasets with a diverse range of phenotypic variables. However, hypothesis-driven epidemiological analyses by definition only test …             Dietary fat intake and endometrial cancer risk: dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological studies ▶     Luo Jiang, Rui Hou, Ting-Ting Gong et al.     Epidemiological studies have provided controversial evidence of the association between dietary fat intake and endometrial cancer (EC) risk. To address this inconsistency, we …             The Emergence of Relationship-based Cooperation ▶     Bo Xu, Jianwei Wang     This paper investigates the emergence of relationship-based cooperation by coupling two simple mechanisms into the model: tie strength based investment preference and homophily …             FOXO1 inhibits osteoclastogenesis partially by antagnozing MYC ▶     Peng Tan, Hanfeng Guan, Linka Xie et al.     FOXO transcription factors especially FOXO1 have profound roles in bone development and remodeling. The regulation of cells of the osteoblast lineage by FOXOs is suggested to be …             Improved anti-glioblastoma efficacy by IL-13Rα2 mediated copolymer nanoparticles loaded with paclitaxel ▶     Baoyan Wang, Lingyan Lv, Zhi Wang et al.     Glioma presents one of the most malignant brain tumors, and the therapeutic effect is often limited due to the existence of brain tumor barrier. Based on interleukin-13 receptor …             Large-scale production of bioactive recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor in transgenic silkworm cocoons ▶     Feng Wang, Riyuan Wang, Yuancheng Wang et al.     With an increasing clinical demand for functional therapeutic proteins every year, there is an increasing requirement for the massive production of bioactive recombinant human …             Role of YAP and TAZ in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and in stellate cells associated with cancer and chronic pancreatitis ▶     Susan Morvaridi, Deepti Dhall, Mark I. Greene et al.     Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a fibrotic and inflammatory microenvironment that is formed primarily by activated, myofibroblast-like, stellate …             Rapid Recent Warming of Coral Reefs in the Florida Keys ▶     Derek P. Manzello     Coral reef decline in the Florida Keys has been well-publicized, controversial, and polarizing owing to debate over the causative agent being climate change versus overfishing. …             Disease-induced resource constraints can trigger explosive epidemics ▶     L. Böttcher, O. Woolley-Meza, N. A. M. Araújo et al.     Advances in mathematical epidemiology have led to a better understanding of the risks posed by epidemic spreading and informed strategies to contain disease spread. However, a …             IRE1α-XBP1 is a novel branch in the transcriptional regulation of Ucp1 in brown adipocytes ▶     Rie Asada, Soshi Kanemoto, Koji Matsuhisa et al.     The unfolded protein response (UPR) not only resolves endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, but also regulates cellular physiological functions. In this study, we first linked the UP…             Analysis of the Secretome of Apoptotic Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Impact of Released Proteins and Exosomes for Tissue Regeneration ▶     Lucian Beer, Matthias Zimmermann, Andreas Mitterbauer et al.     We previously showed that, when peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stressed with ionizing radiation, they released paracrine factors that showed regenerative …             Radiological dose reconstruction for birds reconciles outcomes of Fukushima with knowledge of dose-effect relationships ▶     Jacqueline Garnier-Laplace, Karine Beaugelin-Seiller, Claire Della-Vedova et al.     We reconstructed the radiological dose for birds observed at 300 census sites in the 50-km northwest area affected by the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant …             A novel resource for studying function and dysfunction of α-synuclein: mouse lines for modulation of endogenous Snca gene expression ▶     Natalia Ninkina, Natalie Connor-Robson, Alexey A. Ustyugov et al.     Pathological modification of α-synuclein is believed to be an important event in pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and several other neurodegenerative diseases. In normal cells …             Combined deficiency of Notch1 and Notch3 causes pericyte dysfunction, models CADASIL, and results in arteriovenous malformations ▶     Natalie M. Kofler, Henar Cuervo, Minji K. Uh et al.     Pericytes regulate vessel stability and pericyte dysfunction contributes to retinopathies, stroke, and cancer. Here we define Notch as a key regulator of pericyte function during …             Plant-mediated interspecific horizontal transmission of an intracellular symbiont in insects ▶     Elena Gonella, Massimo Pajoro, Massimo Marzorati et al.     Intracellular reproductive manipulators, such as Candidatus Cardinium and Wolbachia are vertically transmitted to progeny but rarely show co-speciation with the host. In …             Topology of a G-quadruplex DNA formed by C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeats associated with ALS and FTD ▶     Bo Zhou, Changdong Liu, Yanyan Geng et al.     Abnormal expansions of an intronic hexanucleotide GGGGCC (G4C2) repeat of the C9orf72 gene are the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and …             Efficient Generation of Myostatin Mutations in Pigs Using the CRISPR/Cas9 System ▶     Kankan Wang, Hongsheng Ouyang, Zicong Xie et al.     Genetically modified pigs are increasingly used for biomedical and agricultural applications. The efficient CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system holds great promise for the generation …             Quantification of tumor fluorescence during intraoperative optical cancer imaging ▶     Ryan P. Judy, Jane J. Keating, Elizabeth M. DeJesus et al.     Intraoperative optical cancer imaging is an emerging technology in which surgeons employ fluorophores to visualize tumors, identify tumor-positive margins and lymph nodes …             Myc and Omomyc functionally associate with the Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) in glioblastoma cells ▶     Maria Patrizia Mongiardi, Mauro Savino, Laura Bartoli et al.     The c-Myc protein is dysregulated in many human cancers and its function has not been fully elucitated yet. The c-Myc inhibitor Omomyc displays potent anticancer properties in …             Dynamic interplay of multidrug transporters with TolC for isoprenol tolerance in Escherichia coli ▶     Chonglong Wang, Liyang Yang, Asad Ali Shah et al.     Engineering of efflux pumps is a promising way to improve host’s tolerance to biofuels such as medium-chain alcohols (CmOHs); however, this strategy is restricted by poor …             Environment- and eye-centered inhibitory cueing effects are both observed after a methodological confound is eliminated ▶     Tao He, Yun Ding, Zhiguo Wang     Inhibition of return (IOR), typically explored in cueing paradigms, is a performance cost associated with previously attended locations and has been suggested as a crucial …             Evidence for surprise minimization over value maximization in choice behavior ▶     Philipp Schwartenbeck, Thomas H. B. FitzGerald, Christoph Mathys et al.     Classical economic models are predicated on the idea that the ultimate aim of choice is to maximize utility or reward. In contrast, an alternative perspective highlights the fact …             Differentiation of human ESCs to retinal ganglion cells using a CRISPR engineered reporter cell line ▶     Valentin M. Sluch, Chung-ha O. Davis, Vinod Ranganathan et al.     Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury and cell death from glaucoma and other forms of optic nerve disease is a major cause of irreversible vision loss and blindness. Human …             Intrinsic challenges in ancient microbiome reconstruction using 16S rRNA gene amplification ▶     Kirsten A. Ziesemer, Allison E. Mann, Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan et al.     To date, characterization of ancient oral (dental calculus) and gut (coprolite) microbiota has been primarily accomplished through a metataxonomic approach involving targeted …             Crystal structure of an antigenic outer-membrane protein from Salmonella Typhi suggests a potential antigenic loop and an efflux mechanism ▶     Hong-Hsiang Guan, Masato Yoshimura, Phimonphan Chuankhayan et al.     ST50, an outer-membrane component of the multi-drug efflux system from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, is an obligatory diagnostic antigen for typhoid fever. ST50 is an …             Identification of neurotoxic cytokines by profiling Alzheimer’s disease tissues and neuron culture viability screening ▶     Levi B. Wood, Ashley R. Winslow, Elizabeth A. Proctor et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) therapeutics based on the amyloid hypothesis have shown minimal efficacy in patients, suggesting that the activity of amyloid beta (Aβ) represents only …             Treatment of dextran sodium sulfate-induced experimental colitis by adoptive transfer of peritoneal cells ▶     Ting Liu, Jun Ren, Wei Wang et al.     The adoptive transfer of the natural regulatory B cells and macrophages should be a useful treatment for inflammation and autoimmune disease. However, it is usually difficult to …             Determinants of ligand binding and catalytic activity in the myelin enzyme 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase ▶     Arne Raasakka, Matti Myllykoski, Saara Laulumaa et al.     2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′-phosphodiesterase (CNPase) is an enzyme highly abundant in the central nervous system myelin of terrestrial vertebrates. The catalytic domain of CNPase …             TAK1 Regulates Myocardial Response to Pathological Stress via NFAT, NFκB, and Bnip3 Pathways ▶     Lei Li, Yi Chen, Jing Li et al.     TAK1 (TGFβ-activated kinase-1) signaling is essential in regulating a number of important biological functions, including innate immunity, inflammatory response, cell growth and …             X-ray phase-contrast tomography for high-spatial-resolution zebrafish muscle imaging ▶     William Vågberg, Daniel H. Larsson, Mei Li et al.     Imaging of muscular structure with cellular or subcellular detail in whole-body animal models is of key importance for understanding muscular disease and assessing interventions. …             CD4+CD25+ cells in multiple myeloma related renal impairment ▶     Hongdong Huang, Yang Luo, Yumei Liang et al.     CD4+CD25+ cells are critical regulators in almost all of the animal models of human organ-specific autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and allergic diseases. We aimed to …             AKAP6 inhibition impairs myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration: Positive loop between AKAP6 and myogenin ▶     Sae-Won Lee, Joo-Yun Won, Jimin Yang et al.     Skeletal muscle regeneration occurs continuously to repair muscle damage incurred during normal activity and in chronic disease or injury. Herein, we report that A-kinase …             CalQuo: automated, simultaneous single-cell and population-level quantification of global intracellular Ca2+ responses ▶     Marco Fritzsche, Ricardo A. Fernandes, Huw Colin-York et al.     Detecting intracellular calcium signaling with fluorescent calcium indicator dyes is often coupled with microscopy techniques to follow the activation state of non-excitable …             Combined free nitrous acid and hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment of waste activated sludge enhances methane production via organic molecule breakdown ▶     Tingting Zhang, Qilin Wang, Liu Ye et al.     This study presents a novel pre-treatment strategy using combined free nitrous acid (FNA i.e. HNO2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to enhance methane production from WAS, with the …             Absence of DAB2IP promotes cancer stem cell like signatures and indicates poor survival outcome in colorectal cancer ▶     Jiang Min, Liang Liu, Xiaolan Li et al.     Metastasis is a critical factor for the high mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC), but its mechanism is not completely understood. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is …             TMEM16A/ANO1 is differentially expressed in HPV-negative versus HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through promoter methylation ▶     Ronak Dixit, Carolyn Kemp, Scott Kulich et al.     Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a variety of causes. Recently, the human papilloma virus (HPV) has been implicated in the rising incidence of oropharyngeal …             Optimization of human mesenchymal stem cell manufacturing: the effects of animal/xeno-free media ▶     Angelos Oikonomopoulos, Welmoed K. van Deen, Aida-Rae Manansala et al.     Due to their immunosuppressive properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been evaluated for the treatment of immunological diseases. However, the animal-derived growth …             Activin A/BMP2 chimera AB235 drives efficient redifferentiation of long term cultured autologous chondrocytes ▶     G. Jiménez, E. López-Ruiz, W. Kwiatkowski et al.     Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) depends on the quality and quantity of implanted cells and is hindered by the fact that chondrocytes cultured for long periods of time …             Large diurnal temperature range increases bird sensitivity to climate change ▶     Michael Briga, Simon Verhulst     Climate variability is changing on multiple temporal scales, and little is known of the consequences of increases in short-term variability, particularly in endotherms. Using …             Inhibition of Pten deficient Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer by Targeting of the SET - PP2A Signaling axis ▶     Xiaoyong Hu, Consuelo Garcia, Ladan Fazli et al.     The PP2A signaling axis regulates multiple oncogenic drivers of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We show that targeting the endogenous PP2A regulator, SET (I2PP2A), …             Akkermansia muciniphila inversely correlates with the onset of inflammation, altered adipose tissue metabolism and metabolic disorders during obesity in mice ▶     Marc Schneeberger, Amandine Everard, Alicia G. Gómez-Valadés et al.     Recent evidence indicates that the gut microbiota plays a key role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Indeed, diet-induced obesity (DIO) has been associated to substantial …             Towards an antimicrobial ‘microglove’ ▶     Ewoud Reilman, Joke G. Hagting, Theo Flipsen et al.     A large proportion of hospital-related infections are acquired and spread due to the direct contacts between patients and healthcare workers. Accordingly, proper infection …             Synergistic Activation of Latent HIV-1 Expression by Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Bryostatin-1 ▶     Marta Martínez-Bonet, Maria Isabel Clemente, Maria Jesús Serramía et al.     Viral reactivation from latently infected cells has become a promising therapeutic approach to eradicate HIV. Due to the complexity of the viral latency, combinations of …             Magnesium homeostasis in colon carcinoma LoVo cells sensitive or resistant to doxorubicin ▶     Sara Castiglioni, Alessandra Cazzaniga, Valentina Trapani et al.     Neoplastic cells accumulate magnesium, an event which provides selective advantages and is frequently associated with TRPM7overexpression. Little is known about magnesium …             We should be using nonlinear indices when relating heart-rate dynamics to cognition and mood ▶     Hayley Young, David Benton     Both heart rate (HR) and brain functioning involve the integrated output of a multitude of regulatory mechanisms, that are not quantified adequately by linear approximations such …             Hydrogen peroxide-activatable antioxidant prodrug as a targeted therapeutic agent for ischemia-reperfusion injury ▶     Dongwon Lee, Seunggyu Park, Soochan Bae et al.     Overproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) causes oxidative stress and is the main culprit in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Suppression of oxidative …             Mechanosensitive TRPM7 mediates shear stress and modulates osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells through Osterix pathway ▶     Yi-Shiuan Liu, Yu-An Liu, Chin-Jing Huang et al.     Microenvironments that modulate fate commitments of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are composed of chemical and physical cues, but the latter ones are much less investigated. …             Single cell analysis of cancer cells using an improved RT-MLPA method has potential for cancer diagnosis and monitoring ▶     L. Kvastad, B. Werne Solnestam, E. Johansson et al.     Single cell analysis techniques have great potential in the cancer genomics field. The detection and characterization of circulating tumour cells are important for identifying …             Scaling the respiratory metabolism to phosphorus relationship in plant seedlings ▶     Zhi-Qiang Wang, Heng Huang, Jian-Ming Deng et al.     There are empirical indications of an isometric scaling relationship between plants’ respiratory metabolism rates and nitrogen contents. To test the hypothesis that there may be …             Inhibition of A20 expression in tumor microenvironment exerts anti-tumor effect through inducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells apoptosis ▶     Bin Shao, Xiawei Wei, Min Luo et al.     Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are known to play important roles in the development of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. A20 is a zinc-finger protein which …             Ocean acidification and global warming impair shark hunting behaviour and growth ▶     Jennifer C. A. Pistevos, Ivan Nagelkerken, Tullio Rossi et al.     Alterations in predation pressure can have large effects on trophically-structured systems. Modification of predator behaviour via ocean warming has been assessed by laboratory …             From sink to source: Regional variation in U.S. forest carbon futures ▶     David N. Wear, John W. Coulston     The sequestration of atmospheric carbon (C) in forests has partially offset C emissions in the United States (US) and might reduce overall costs of achieving emission targets, …             Photodamage to the oxygen evolving complex of photosystem II by visible light ▶     Alonso Zavafer, Mun Hon Cheah, Warwick Hillier et al.     Light damages photosynthetic machinery, primarily photosystem II (PSII), and it results in photoinhibition. A new photodamage model, the two-step photodamage model, suggests that …             The role of common genetic variation in educational attainment and income: evidence from the National Child Development Study ▶     Neil M. Davies, Gibran Hemani, Nic J. Timpson et al.     We investigated the role of common genetic variation in educational attainment and household income. We used data from 5,458 participants of the National Child Development Study …             Controlled delivery of β-globin-targeting TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9 into mammalian cells for genome editing using microinjection ▶     Renee N. Cottle, Ciaran M. Lee, David Archer et al.     Tal-effector nucleases (TALEN) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) with CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins are genome editing tools with …             Embryo development in association with asymbiotic seed germination in vitro of Paphiopedilum armeniacum S. C. Chen et F. Y. Liu ▶     Yan-Yan Zhang, Kun-Lin Wu, Jian-Xia Zhang et al.     This paper documents the key anatomical features during the development of P. armeniacum zygotic embryos and their ability to germinate asymbiotically in vitro. This study also …             Rapid whole genome sequencing of Miyazaki-Bali/2007 Pteropine orthoreovirus by modified rolling circular amplification with adaptor ligation – next generation sequencing ▶     Harpal Singh, Tomoki Yoshikawa, Takeshi Kobayashi et al.     The emergence of orthoreoviruses as the causative agent of human respiratory illness over the past few years has led to a demand to determine their viral genome sequences. The …             A Systems Biology-Based Investigation into the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Sheng-ma-bie-jia-tang Acting on Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by Multi-Level Data Integration ▶     Lin Huang, Qi Lv, Fenfen Liu et al.     Sheng-ma-bie-jia-tang (SMBJT) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula that is widely used for the treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) in China. However, …             Erratum: Longitudinal in vivo evaluation of bone regeneration by combined measurement of multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT for tissue engineering ▶     Philipp S. Lienemann, Stéphanie Metzger, Anna-Sofia Kiveliö et al.                 Mealybug species from Chilean agricultural landscapes and main factors influencing the genetic structure of Pseudococcus viburni ▶     Margarita C. G. Correa, Eric Lombaert, Thibaut Malausa et al.     The present study aimed to characterize the distribution of mealybug species along Chilean agro-ecosystems and to determine the relative impact of host plant, management …             Bt crops benefit natural enemies to control non-target pests ▶     Jun-Ce Tian, Ju Yao, Li-Ping Long et al.     Crops producing insecticidal crystal (Cry) proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) control important lepidopteran pests. However, pests such as aphids not susceptible to Cry …             Identification of a New Cell Population Constitutively Circulating in Healthy Conditions and Endowed with a Homing Ability Toward Injured Sites ▶     Claudia Lo Sicco, Roberta Tasso, Daniele Reverberi et al.     Stem and progenitor cells are the critical units for tissue maintenance, regeneration, and repair. The activation of regenerative events in response to tissue injury has been …             Production of Human Albumin in Pigs Through CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockin of Human cDNA into Swine Albumin Locus in the Zygotes ▶     Jin Peng, Yong Wang, Junyi Jiang et al.     Precise genome modification in large domesticated animals is desirable under many circumstances. In the past it is only possible through lengthy and burdensome cloning …             Improvement in Mouse iPSC Induction by Rab32 Reveals the Importance of Lipid Metabolism during Reprogramming ▶     Yangli Pei, Liang Yue, Wei Zhang et al.     Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have variable expression levels of a series of genes that affect their pluripotent potential, but the regulatory mechanisms controlling …             Activation of TGF-β1-CD147 positive feedback loop in hepatic stellate cells promotes liver fibrosis ▶     Hai-Yan Li, Di Ju, Da-Wei Zhang et al.     Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) initiates HBV-associated fibrogenesis. The mechanism of TGF-β1 modulating HSC activation is …             Eco-physiological adaptation shapes the response of calcifying algae to nutrient limitation ▶     Luka Šupraha, Andrea C. Gerecht, Ian Probert et al.     The steady increase in global ocean temperature will most likely lead to nutrient limitation in the photic zone. This will impact the physiology of marine algae, including the …             Essentiality drives the orientation bias of bacterial genes in a continuous manner ▶     Wen-Xin Zheng, Cheng-Si Luo, Yan-Yan Deng et al.     Studies had found that bacterial genes are preferentially located on the leading strands. Subsequently, the preferences of essential genes and highly expressed genes were …             The complete mitogenome of a 500-year-old Inca child mummy ▶     Alberto Gómez-Carballa, Laura Catelli, Jacobo Pardo-Seco et al.     In 1985, a frozen mummy was found in Cerro Aconcagua (Argentina). Archaeological studies identified the mummy as a seven-year-old Inca sacrifice victim who lived >500 years ago, …             Multi-Toxin Resistance Enables Pink Bollworm Survival on Pyramided Bt Cotton ▶     Jeffrey A. Fabrick, Gopalan C. Unnithan, Alex J. Yelich et al.     Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins kill key insect pests, providing economic and environmental benefits. However, the evolution of pest resistance …             Species-specific duplications of NBS-encoding genes in Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) ▶     Yan Zhong, Yingjun Li, Kaihui Huang et al.     The disease resistance (R) genes play an important role in protecting plants from infection by diverse pathogens in the environment. The nucleotide-binding site …             Analysis of key genes of jasmonic acid mediated signal pathway for defense against insect damages by comparative transcriptome sequencing ▶     Fengshan Yang, Yuliang Zhang, Qixing Huang et al.     Corn defense systems against insect herbivory involve activation of genes that lead to metabolic reconfigurations to produce toxic compounds, proteinase inhibitors, oxidative …             Passive acoustic monitoring of beaked whale densities in the Gulf of Mexico ▶     John A. Hildebrand, Simone Baumann-Pickering, Kaitlin E. Frasier et al.     Beaked whales are deep diving elusive animals, difficult to census with conventional visual surveys. Methods are presented for the density estimation of beaked whales, using …             Modular approach to customise sample preparation procedures for viral metagenomics: a reproducible protocol for virome analysis ▶     Nádia Conceição-Neto, Mark Zeller, Hanne Lefrère et al.     A major limitation for better understanding the role of the human gut virome in health and disease is the lack of validated methods that allow high throughput virome analysis. To …             Protein receptor-independent plasma membrane remodeling by HAMLET: a tumoricidal protein-lipid complex ▶     Aftab Nadeem, Jeremy Sanborn, Douglas L. Gettel et al.     A central tenet of signal transduction in eukaryotic cells is that extra-cellular ligands activate specific cell surface receptors, which orchestrate downstream responses. This …             NPM1 histone chaperone is upregulated in glioblastoma to promote cell survival and maintain nucleolar shape ▶     Karl Holmberg Olausson, Tamador Elsir, Kaveh Moazemi Goudarzi et al.     Glioblastoma (grade IV glioma) is the most common and aggressive adult brain tumor. A better understanding of the biology of glioblastoma cells is crucial to identify molecular …             Regulation of iron homeostasis by the p53-ISCU pathway ▶     Yuki Funauchi, Chizu Tanikawa, Paulisally Hau Yi Lo et al.     Accumulation of iron in tissues increases the risk of cancer, but iron regulatory mechanisms in cancer tissues are largely unknown. Here, we report that p53 regulates iron …             OASIS modulates hypoxia pathway activity to regulate bone angiogenesis ▶     Min Cui, Soshi Kanemoto, Xiang Cui et al.     OASIS/CREB3L1, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident transcription factor, plays important roles in osteoblast differentiation. In this study, we identified new crosstalk …             Determination of RNA polymerase binding surfaces of transcription factors by NMR spectroscopy ▶     Johanna Drögemüller, Martin Strauß, Kristian Schweimer et al.     In bacteria, RNA polymerase (RNAP), the central enzyme of transcription, is regulated by N-utilization substance (Nus) transcription factors. Several of these factors interact …             Inbreeding and homozygosity in breast cancer survival ▶     Hauke Thomsen, Miguel Inacio da Silva Filho, Andrea Woltmann et al.     Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) help to understand the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on breast cancer (BC) progression and survival. We performed …             Cofilin 1 activation prevents the defects in axon elongation and guidance induced by extracellular alpha-synuclein ▶     Sharada Tilve, Francesco Difato, Evelina Chieregatti     Impaired adult neurogenesis and axon traumatic injury participate in the severity of neurodegenerative diseases. Alpha-synuclein, a cytosolic protein involved in Parkinson’s …             Winter cropping in Ficus tinctoria: an alternative strategy ▶     Huanhuan Chen, Yanqiong Peng, Yuan Zhang et al.     The many species of figs (Ficus, Moraceae) have evolved a variety of reproductive phenologies that ensure the survival of both the fig plants and their short-lived, …             Deceleration of single-stranded DNA passing through a nanopore using a nanometre-sized bead structure ▶     Yusuke Goto, Takanobu Haga, Itaru Yanagi et al.     DNA sequencing with a solid-state nanopore requires a reduction of the translocation speeds of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) over 10 μs/base. In this study, we report that a …             GSK3β mediates the carcinogenic effect of HPV16 in cervical cancer ▶     Cuiling Ma, Chenglong Zeng, Liang Jin et al.     Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent and fatal cancers among women and infection of the human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important risk factor. This study …             Magnetite nanoparticles facilitate methane production from ethanol via acting as electron acceptors ▶     Zhiman Yang, Xiaoshuang Shi, Chuanshui Wang et al.     Potential for interspecies hydrogen transfer within paddy soil enrichments obtained via addition of magnetite nanoparticles and ethanol (named as PEM) was investigated. To do …             Nanostructured gold microelectrodes for SERS and EIS measurements by incorporating ZnO nanorod growth with electroplating ▶     Xianli Zong, Rong Zhu, Xiaoliang Guo     In this paper, a fine gold nanostructure synthesized on selective planar microelectrodes in micro-chip is realized by using an advanced hybrid fabrication approach incorporating …             Quercitrin for periodontal regeneration: effects on human gingival fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells ▶     Manuel Gómez-Florit, Marta Monjo, Joana M. Ramis     Periodontal disease (PD) is the result of an infection and chronic inflammation of the gingiva that may lead to its destruction and, in severe cases, alveolar bone and tooth …             Generation of enterocyte-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells for drug absorption and metabolism studies in human small intestine ▶     Tatsuya Ozawa, Kazuo Takayama, Ryota Okamoto et al.     Enterocytes play an important role in drug absorption and metabolism. However, a widely used enterocyte model, Caco-2 cell, has difficulty in evaluating both drug absorption and …             Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Promotes Vascular Calcification via SMAD1/5/8 Phosphorylation ▶     Sun Joo Lee, Ji Yun Jeong, Chang Joo Oh et al.     Vascular calcification, a pathologic response to defective calcium and phosphate homeostasis, is strongly associated with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. In this study, …             Uric acid enhances the antitumor immunity of dendritic cell-based vaccine ▶     Yihan Wang, Xuelei Ma, Chao Su et al.     Uric acid (UA) released from dying cells has been recognized by the immune system as a danger signal. In response to UA, dendritic cells (DC) in the immune system mature and …             The genetics of feed conversion efficiency traits in a commercial broiler line ▶     Henry Reyer, Rachel Hawken, Eduard Murani et al.     Individual feed conversion efficiency (FCE) is a major trait that influences the usage of energy resources and the ecological footprint of livestock production. The underlying …             APOE-ε4 selectively modulates posteromedial cortex activity during scene perception and short-term memory in young healthy adults ▶     J. P. Shine, C. J. Hodgetts, M. Postans et al.     Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 is a major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet the mechanisms by which APOE-ε4 influences early-life brain function, and hence, in …             Rolling Circle Translation of Circular RNA in Living Human Cells ▶     Naoko Abe, Ken Matsumoto, Mizuki Nishihara et al.     We recently reported that circular RNA is efficiently translated by a rolling circle amplification (RCA) mechanism in a cell-free Escherichia coli translation system. Recent …             A sinemydid turtle from the Jehol Biota provides insights into the basal divergence of crown turtles ▶     Chang-Fu Zhou, Márton Rabi     Morphological phylogenies stand in a major conflict with molecular hypotheses regarding the phylogeny of Cryptodira, the most diverse and widely distributed clade of extant …             Bonobos modify communication signals according to recipient familiarity ▶     Emilie Genty, Christof Neumann, Klaus Zuberbühler     Human and nonhuman primate communication differs in various ways. In particular, humans base communicative efforts on mutual knowledge and conventions shared between …             A comprehensive analysis of the chorion locus in silkmoth ▶     Zhiwei Chen, Junko Nohata, Huizhen Guo et al.     Despite more than 40 years of intense study, essential features of the silkmoth chorion (eggshell) are still not fully understood. To determine the precise structure of the …             Ventral tegmental area dopamine and GABA neurons: Physiological properties and expression of mRNA for endocannabinoid biosynthetic elements ▶     Collin B. Merrill, Lindsey N. Friend, Scott T. Newton et al.     The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is involved in adaptive reward and motivation processing and is composed of dopamine (DA) and GABA neurons. Defining the elements regulating …             New genetic regulators question relevance of abundant yolk protein production in C. elegans ▶     Liesbeth Van Rompay, Charline Borghgraef, Isabel Beets et al.     Vitellogenesis or maternal yolk formation is considered critical to the reproduction of egg-laying animals. In invertebrates, however, most of its regulatory genes are still …             Construction of a high-density linkage map and fine mapping of QTL for growth in Asian seabass ▶     Le Wang, Zi Yi Wan, Bin Bai et al.     A high-density genetic map is essential for comparative genomic studies and fine mapping of QTL, and can also facilitate genome sequence assembly. Here, a high density genetic …             Development of 1-N-11C-Methyl-l- and -d-Tryptophan for pharmacokinetic imaging of the immune checkpoint inhibitor 1-Methyl-Tryptophan ▶     Lin Xie, Jun Maeda, Katsushi Kumata et al.     1-Methyl-tryptophan (1MTrp) is known as a specific inhibitor targeting the immune- checkpoint protein indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase, in two stereoisomers of levorotary (l) and …             Training of Working Memory Impacts Neural Processing of Vocal Pitch Regulation ▶     Weifeng Li, Zhiqiang Guo, Jeffery A. Jones et al.     Working memory training can improve the performance of tasks that were not trained. Whether auditory-motor integration for voice control can benefit from working memory training, …             Initial characterization of the large genome of the salamander Ambystoma mexicanum using shotgun and laser capture chromosome sequencing ▶     Melissa C. Keinath, Vladimir A. Timoshevskiy, Nataliya Y. Timoshevskaya et al.     Vertebrates exhibit substantial diversity in genome size, and some of the largest genomes exist in species that uniquely inform diverse areas of basic and biomedical research. …             Occurrence of viable, red-pigmented haloarchaea in the plumage of captive flamingoes ▶     Kyung June Yim, Joseph Kwon, In-Tae Cha et al.     Flamingoes (Phoenicopterus spp.) whose plumage displays elegant colors, inhabit warm regions close to the ocean throughout the world. The pink or reddish color of their plumage …             Adaptation of H9N2 AIV in guinea pigs enables efficient transmission by direct contact and inefficient transmission by respiratory droplets ▶     Xiaoyu Sang, Airong Wang, Jie Ding et al.     H9N2 avian influenza viruses circulate worldwide in poultry and have sporadically infected humans, raising concern whether H9N2 viruses have pandemic potential. Here, we use a …             Anti-proliferative activity and cell cycle arrest induced by evodiamine on paclitaxel-sensitive and -resistant human ovarian cancer cells ▶     Zhang-Feng Zhong, Wen Tan, Sheng-Peng Wang et al.     Chemo-resistance is the main factor for poor prognosis in human ovarian epithelial cancer. Active constituents derived from Chinese medicine with anti-cancer potential might …             ADAM9 enhances CDCP1 protein expression by suppressing miR-218 for lung tumor metastasis ▶     Kuo-Liang Chiu, Ting-Ting Kuo, Qian-Yu Kuok et al.     Metastasis is the leading cause of death in cancer patients due to the difficulty of controlling this complex process. MicroRNAs (miRNA), endogenous noncoding short RNAs with …             Layers: A molecular surface peeling algorithm and its applications to analyze protein structures ▶     Naga Bhushana Rao Karampudi, Ranjit Prasad Bahadur     We present an algorithm ‘Layers’ to peel the atoms of proteins as layers. Using Layers we show an efficient way to transform protein structures into 2D pattern, named residue …             A potential mode of action for Anakinra in patients with arthrofibrosis following total knee arthroplasty ▶     David Dixon, Jonathon Coates, Alicia del Carpio Pons et al.     Arthrofibrosis is a fibroproliferative disease characterised by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components intra-articularly leading to pain and restricted range of …             miR-23a binds to p53 and enhances its association with miR-128 promoter ▶     Jincheng Li, Lynn Htet Htet Aung, Bo Long et al.     Apoptosis plays an important role in cardiac pathology, but the molecular mechanism by which apoptosis regulated remains largely elusive. Here, we report that miR-23a promotes …             Near-infrared (NIR) up-conversion optogenetics ▶     Shoko Hososhima, Hideya Yuasa, Toru Ishizuka et al.     Non-invasive remote control technologies designed to manipulate neural functions have been long-awaited for the comprehensive and quantitative understanding of neuronal network …             Immuno-analysis of microparticles: probing at the limits of detection ▶     Sharissa L. Latham, Natalia Tiberti, Naveena Gokoolparsadh et al.     Microparticle (MP) research is clouded by debate regarding the accuracy and validity of flow cytometry (FCM) as an analytical methodology, as it is influenced by many variables …             Mice lacking the PSD-95–interacting E3 ligase, Dorfin/Rnf19a, display reduced adult neurogenesis, enhanced long-term potentiation, and impaired contextual fear conditioning ▶     Hanwool Park, Jinhee Yang, Ryunhee Kim et al.     Protein ubiquitination has a significant influence on diverse aspects of neuronal development and function. Dorfin, also known as Rnf19a, is a RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligase …             Fibrosis is a common outcome following total knee arthroplasty ▶     Nicole Abdul, David Dixon, Andrew Walker et al.     Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is one of the most successful orthopaedic procedures that alleviates pain and restores function in patients with degenerative knee joint diseases. …             Early maternal loss affects social integration of chimpanzees throughout their lifetime ▶     Elfriede Kalcher-Sommersguter, Signe Preuschoft, Cornelia Franz-Schaider et al.     The long-term effects of early adverse experiences on later psychosocial functioning are well described in humans, but sparsely documented for chimpanzees. In our earlier …             Risperidone and NAP protect cognition and normalize gene expression in a schizophrenia mouse model ▶     Sinaya Vaisburd, Zeev Shemer, Adva Yeheskel et al.     Mutated disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1), a microtubule regulating protein, leads to schizophrenia and other psychiatric illnesses. It is hypothesized that microtubule …             Acetohydroxyacid synthase FgIlv2 and FgIlv6 are involved in BCAA biosynthesis, mycelial and conidial morphogenesis, and full virulence in Fusarium graminearum ▶     Xin Liu, Qi Han, Jianhong Xu et al.     In this study, we characterized FgIlv2 and FgIlv6, the catalytic and regulatory subunits of acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) from the important wheat head scab fungus Fusarium …             Dihydrotanshinone-I interferes with the RNA-binding activity of HuR affecting its post-transcriptional function ▶     Vito Giuseppe D’Agostino, Preet Lal, Barbara Mantelli et al.     Post-transcriptional regulation is an essential determinant of gene expression programs in physiological and pathological conditions. HuR is a RNA-binding protein that …             Modulation of P2X4/P2X7/Pannexin-1 sensitivity to extracellular ATP via Ivermectin induces a non-apoptotic and inflammatory form of cancer cell death ▶     Dobrin Draganov, Sailesh Gopalakrishna-Pillai, Yun-Ru Chen et al.     Overexpression of P2X7 receptors correlates with tumor growth and metastasis. Yet, release of ATP is associated with immunogenic cancer cell death as well as inflammatory …             Reduced grazing pressure delivers production and environmental benefits for the typical steppe of north China ▶     Yingjun Zhang, Ding Huang, Warwick B. Badgery et al.     Degradation by overgrazing is common in many areas of the world and optimising grassland functions depends upon finding suitable grazing tactics. This four-year study on the …             Basal Lamina Mimetic Nanofibrous Peptide Networks for Skeletal Myogenesis ▶     I. Ceren Yasa, Nuray Gunduz, Murat Kilinc et al.     Extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for the coordination and regulation of cell adhesion, recruitment, differentiation and death. Therefore, equilibrium between cell-cell and …             Virulence of recurrent infestations with Borrelia-infected ticks in a Borrelia-amplifying bird ▶     Dieter J. A. Heylen, Wendt Müller, Anke Vermeulen et al.     Lyme disease cases caused by Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. bacteria is increasing steadily in Europe, in part due to the expansion of the vector, Ixodes ricinus. Wild reservoir hosts …             A mineralogical study in contrasts: highly mineralized whale rostrum and human enamel ▶     Zhen Li, Maisoon AI-Jawad, Samera Siddiqui et al.     The outermost enamel of the human tooth and the rostrum of the whale Mesoplodon densirostris are two highly mineralized tissues that contain over 95 wt.% mineral, i.e., …             Facile room-temperature synthesis of carboxylated graphene oxide-copper sulfide nanocomposite with high photodegradation and disinfection activities under solar light irradiation ▶     Shuyan Yu, Jincheng Liu, Wenyu Zhu et al.     Carboxylic acid functionalized graphene oxide-copper (II) sulfide nanoparticle composite (GO-COOH-CuS) was prepared from carboxylated graphene oxide and copper precursor in …             Resveratrol inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelium and development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy ▶     Keijiro Ishikawa, Shikun He, Hiroto Terasaki et al.     Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a serious complication of retinal detachment and ocular trauma, and its recurrence may lead to irreversible vision loss. Epithelial to …             Probing the interactions of CdTe quantum dots with pseudorabies virus ▶     Ting Du, Kaimei Cai, Heyou Han et al.     Quantum dots (QDs) have become one of the most promising luminescent materials for tracking viral infection in living cells. However, several issues regarding how QDs interact …             Sulfur alleviates arsenic toxicity by reducing its accumulation and modulating proteome, amino acids and thiol metabolism in rice leaves ▶     Garima Dixit, Amit Pal Singh, Amit Kumar et al.     Arsenic (As) contamination of water is a global concern and rice consumption is the biggest dietary exposure to human posing carcinogenic risks, predominantly in Asia. Sulfur (S) …             A simple and predictive phenotypic High Content Imaging assay for Plasmodium falciparum mature gametocytes to identify malaria transmission blocking compounds ▶     Leonardo Lucantoni, Francesco Silvestrini, Michele Signore et al.     Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes, specifically the mature stages, are the only malaria parasite stage in humans transmissible to the mosquito vector. Anti-malarial drugs capable …             Human mesenchymal stem cell-engineered hepatic cell sheets accelerate liver regeneration in mice ▶     Noriko Itaba, Yoshiaki Matsumi, Kaori Okinaka et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell source for cell therapy. Based on our hypothesis that suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signal enhances hepatic differentiation of …             Lysophosphatidic acid enhances survival of human CD34+ cells in ischemic conditions ▶     Ivana Kostic, Isabel Fidalgo-Carvalho, Sezin Aday et al.     Several clinical trials are exploring therapeutic effect of human CD34+ cells in ischemic diseases, including myocardial infarction. Unfortunately, most of the cells die few days …             Exploring simvastatin, an antihyperlipidemic drug, as a potential topical antibacterial agent ▶     Shankar Thangamani, Haroon Mohammad, Mostafa F. N. Abushahba et al.     The rapid rise of bacterial resistance to traditional antibiotics combined with the decline in discovery of novel antibacterial agents has created a global public health crisis. …             Recurrent Coding Sequence Variation Explains Only A Small Fraction of the Genetic Architecture of Colorectal Cancer ▶     Maria N. Timofeeva, Ben Kinnersley, Susan M. Farrington et al.     Whilst common genetic variation in many non-coding genomic regulatory regions are known to impart risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), much of the heritability of CRC remains …                     Chemical Sciences ▲ top               X-ray induced dimerization of cinnamic acid: Time-resolved inelastic X-ray scattering study ▶     Juho Inkinen, Johannes Niskanen, Tuomas Talka et al.     A classic example of solid-state topochemical reactions is the ultraviolet-light induced photodimerization of α-trans-cinnamic acid (CA). Here, we report the first observation of …             Molecular Designs for Enhancement of Polarity in Ferroelectric Soft Materials ▶     Ryo Ohtani, Manabu Nakaya, Hitomi Ohmagari et al.     The racemic oxovanadium(IV) salmmen complexes, [VO((rac)-(4-X-salmmen))] (X = C12C10C5 (1), C16 (2), and C18 (3); salmmen = N,N′-monomethylenebis-salicylideneimine) with “banana …             Boron nitride encapsulated copper nanoparticles: a facile one-step synthesis and their effect on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate ▶     Caijin Huang, Qiuwen liu, Wenjie Fan et al.     Reactivity is of great importance for metal nanoparticles used as catalysts, biomaterials and advanced sensors, but seeking for high reactivity seems to be conflict with high …             Influence of copper content on the electrocatalytic activity toward methanol oxidation of CoχCuy alloy nanoparticles-decorated CNFs ▶     Zafar Khan Ghouri, Nasser A. M. Barakat, Hak Yong Kim     In this study, CoCu alloy nanoparticles-incorporated carbon nanofibers are introduced as effective non precious electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation in alkaline medium. The …             Broadband All-Polymer Phototransistors with Nanostructured Bulk Heterojunction Layers of NIR-Sensing n-Type and Visible Light-Sensing p-Type Polymers ▶     Hyemi Han, Sungho Nam, Jooyeok Seo et al.     We report ‘broadband light-sensing’ all-polymer phototransistors with the nanostructured bulk heterojunction (BHJ) layers of visible (VIS) light-sensing electron-donating …             High catalytic activity and pollutants resistivity using Fe-AAPyr cathode catalyst for microbial fuel cell application ▶     Carlo Santoro, Alexey Serov, Claudia W. Narvaez Villarrubia et al.     For the first time, a new generation of innovative non-platinum group metal catalysts based on iron and aminoantipyrine as precursor (Fe-AAPyr) has been utilized in a …             Electrochemical and Dry Sand Impact Erosion Studies on Carbon Steel ▶     M. Y. Naz, N. I. Ismail, S. A. Sulaiman et al.     This study investigated the dry and aqueous erosion of mild steel using electrochemical and dry sand impact techniques. In dry sand impact experiments, mild steel was eroded with …             Crystallization and precipitation of phosphate from swine wastewater by magnesium metal corrosion ▶     Haiming Huang, Jiahui Liu, Yang Jiang     This paper presents a unique approach for magnesium dosage in struvite precipitation by Mg metal corrosion. The experimental results showed that using an air bubbling column …             Superior removal of arsenic from water with zirconium metal-organic framework UiO-66 ▶     Chenghong Wang, Xinlei Liu, J. Paul Chen et al.     In this study, water stable zirconium metal-organic framework (UiO-66) has been synthesized and for the first time applied as an adsorbent to remove aquatic arsenic …             Label-free colorimetric detection of mercury via Hg2+ ions-accelerated structural transformation of nanoscale metal-oxo clusters ▶     Kun Chen, Shan She, Jiangwei Zhang et al.     Mercury and its compounds are known to be extremely toxic but widely distributed in environment. Although many works have been reported to efficiently detect mercury, development …             A Holistic Multi Evidence Approach to Study the Fragmentation Behaviour of Crystalline Mannitol ▶     Jasdip S. Koner, Ali Rajabi-Siahboomi, James Bowen et al.     Mannitol is an essential excipient employed in orally disintegrating tablets due to its high palatability. However its fundamental disadvantage is its fragmentation during direct …             Dual-emissive Polymer Dots for Rapid Detection of Fluoride in Pure Water and Biological Systems with Improved Reliability and Accuracy ▶     Qiang Zhao, Chuanqi Zhang, Shujuan Liu et al.     It is of paramount importance to develop new probes that can selectively, sensitively, accurately and rapidly detect fluoride in aqueous media and biological systems, because F- …             Dissipative solitons and backfiring in the electrooxidation of CO on Pt ▶     Philipp R. Bauer, Antoine Bonnefont, Katharina Krischer     Collisions of excitation pulses in dissipative systems lead usually to their annihilation. In this paper, we report electrochemical experiments exhibiting more complex pulse …             Interface-designed Membranes with Shape-controlled Patterns for High-performance Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells ▶     Yukwon Jeon, Dong Jun Kim, Jong Kwan Koh et al.     Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell is a promising zero-emission power generator for stationary/automotive applications. However, key issues, such as performance and costs, …             Inversion of Supramolecular Chirality by Sonication-Induced Organogelation ▶     Sibaprasad Maity, Priyadip Das, Meital Reches     Natural helical structures have inspired the formation of well-ordered peptide-based chiral nanostructures in vitro. These structures have drawn much attention owing to their …                 Open for Submissions  A new open access, multi-and interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing the finest research on both microbial biofilms and microbiomes, the journal is now open for submissions.   Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article.         Physical Sciences ▲ top               High-power graphene mode-locked Tm/Ho co-doped fiber laser with evanescent field interaction ▶     Xiaohui Li, Xuechao Yu, Zhipei Sun et al.     Mid-infrared ultrafast fiber lasers are valuable for various applications, including chemical and biomedical sensing, material processing and military applications. Here, we …             X-ray induced dimerization of cinnamic acid: Time-resolved inelastic X-ray scattering study ▶     Juho Inkinen, Johannes Niskanen, Tuomas Talka et al.     A classic example of solid-state topochemical reactions is the ultraviolet-light induced photodimerization of α-trans-cinnamic acid (CA). Here, we report the first observation of …             Integrated III-V Photonic Crystal – Si waveguide platform with tailored optomechanical coupling ▶     Viktor Tsvirkun, Alessandro Surrente, Fabrice Raineri et al.     Optomechanical systems, in which the vibrations of a mechanical resonator are coupled to an electromagnetic radiation, have permitted the investigation of a wealth of novel …             The Effect of Rotational Disorder on the Microwave Transmission of Checkerboard Metal Square Arrays ▶     B. Tremain, C. J. Durrant, I. E. Carter et al.     The effect of rotational disorder on the microwave transmission through thin metallic checkerboard arrays has been experimentally studied. Broad resonant features below the onset …             Rapid and robust spatiotemporal dynamics of the first-order phase transition in crystals of the organic-inorganic perovskite (C12H25NH3)2PbI4 ▶     Aymen Yangui, Mouhamadou Sy, Liang Li et al.     The dynamics of the thermally induced first-order structural phase transition in a high-quality single crystal of the organic-inorganic perovskite (C12H25NH3)2PbI4 was …             A Geometric-Structure Theory for Maximally Random Jammed Packings ▶     Jianxiang Tian, Yaopengxiao Xu, Yang Jiao et al.     Maximally random jammed (MRJ) particle packings can be viewed as prototypical glasses in that they are maximally disordered while simultaneously being mechanically rigid. The …             Structural, electronic and vibrational properties of few-layer 2H- and 1T-TaSe2 ▶     Jia-An Yan, Mack A. Dela Cruz, Brandon Cook et al.     Two-dimensional metallic transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are of interest for studying phenomena such as charge-density wave (CDW) and superconductivity. Few-layer …             Compression of X-ray Free Electron Laser Pulses to Attosecond Duration ▶     James D. Sadler, Ricky Nathvani, Piotr Oleśkiewicz et al.     State of the art X-ray Free Electron Laser facilities currently provide the brightest X-ray pulses available, typically with mJ energy and several hundred femtosecond duration. …             Graphdiyne as a promising material for detecting amino acids ▶     Xi Chen, Pengfei Gao, Lei Guo et al.     The adsorption of glycine, glutamic acid, histidine and phenylalanine on single-layer graphdiyne/ graphene is investigated by ab initio calculations. The results show that for …             Value-added Synthesis of Graphene: Recycling Industrial Carbon Waste into Electrodes for High-Performance Electronic Devices ▶     Hong-Kyu Seo, Tae-Sik Kim, Chibeom Park et al.     We have developed a simple, scalable, transfer-free, ecologically sustainable, value-added method to convert inexpensive coal tar pitch to patterned graphene films directly on …             Optical coherence tomography-guided laser microsurgery for blood coagulation with continuous-wave laser diode ▶     Feng-Yu Chang, Meng-Tsan Tsai, Zu-Yi Wang et al.     Blood coagulation is the clotting and subsequent dissolution of the clot following repair to the damaged tissue. However, inducing blood coagulation is difficult for some …             Nanostructures of Indium Gallium Nitride Crystals Grown on Carbon Nanotubes ▶     Ji-Yeon Park, Keun Man Song, Yo-Sep Min et al.     Nanostructure (NS) InGaN crystals were grown on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The NS-InGaN crystals, grown on a ~5-μm-long CNT/Si …             Dephasing-Induced Control of Interference Nature in Three-Level Electromagnetically Induced Tansparency Systems ▶     Yong Sun, Yaping Yang, Hong Chen et al.     The influence of the dephasing on interference is investigated theoretically and experimentally in three-level electromagnetically induced transparency systems. The nature of the …             Boron nitride encapsulated copper nanoparticles: a facile one-step synthesis and their effect on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate ▶     Caijin Huang, Qiuwen liu, Wenjie Fan et al.     Reactivity is of great importance for metal nanoparticles used as catalysts, biomaterials and advanced sensors, but seeking for high reactivity seems to be conflict with high …             Ultra-low Thermal Conductivity in Si/Ge Hierarchical Superlattice Nanowire ▶     Xin Mu, Lili Wang, Xueming Yang et al.     Due to interfacial phonon scattering and nanoscale size effect, silicon/germanium (Si/Ge) superlattice nanowire (SNW) can have very low thermal conductivity, which is very …             High-efficiency exfoliation of layered materials into 2D nanosheets in switchable CO2/Surfactant/H2O system ▶     Nan Wang, Qun Xu, Shanshan Xu et al.     Layered materials present attractive and important properties due to their two-dimensional (2D) structure, allowing potential applications including electronics, optoelectronics, …             Signature of a continuous quantum phase transition in non-equilibrium energy absorption: Footprints of criticality on higher excited states ▶     Sirshendu Bhattacharyya, Subinay Dasgupta, Arnab Das     Understanding phase transitions in quantum matters constitutes a significant part of present day condensed matter physics. Quantum phase transitions concern ground state …             Plasmon-Enhanced Surface Photovoltage of ZnO/Ag Nanogratings ▶     Minji Gwon, Ahrum Sohn, Yunae Cho et al.     We investigated the surface photovoltage (SPV) behaviors of ZnO/Ag one-dimensional (1D) nanogratings using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). The grating structure could …             Conditional cooling limit for a quantum channel going through an incoherent environment ▶     Ivo Straka, Martina Miková, Michal Mičuda et al.     We propose and experimentally verify a cooling limit for a quantum channel going through an incoherent environment. The environment consists of a large number of independent …             Hybrid Toffoli gate on photons and quantum spins ▶     Ming-Xing Luo, Song-Ya Ma, Xiu-Bo Chen et al.     Quantum computation offers potential advantages in solving a number of interesting and difficult problems. Several controlled logic gates, the elemental building blocks of …             Linear monogamy of entanglement in three-qubit systems ▶     Feng Liu, Fei Gao, Qiao-Yan Wen     For any three-qubit quantum systems ABC, Oliveira et al. numerically found that both the concurrence and the entanglement of formation (EoF) obey the linear monogamy relations in …             Disease-induced resource constraints can trigger explosive epidemics ▶     L. Böttcher, O. Woolley-Meza, N. A. M. Araújo et al.     Advances in mathematical epidemiology have led to a better understanding of the risks posed by epidemic spreading and informed strategies to contain disease spread. However, a …             Bubbler: A Novel Ultra-High Power Density Energy Harvesting Method Based on Reverse Electrowetting ▶     Tsung-Hsing Hsu, Supone Manakasettharn, J. Ashley Taylor et al.     We have proposed and successfully demonstrated a novel approach to direct conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy using microfluidics. The method combines …             Artificially produced rare-earth free cosmic magnet ▶     Akihiro Makino, Parmanand Sharma, Kazuhisa Sato et al.     Chemically ordered hard magnetic L10-FeNi phase of higher grade than cosmic meteorites is produced artificially. Present alloy design shortens the formation time from hundreds of …             Cost-Effective and Highly Photoresponsive Nanophosphor-P3HT Photoconductive Nanocomposite for Near-Infrared Detection ▶     Yi Tong, Xinyu Zhao, Mei Chee Tan et al.     The advent of flexible optoelectronic devices has accelerated the development of semiconducting polymeric materials. We seek to replace conventional expensive semiconducting …             A Deep Look Into Erionite Fibres: an Electron Microscopy Investigation of their Self-Assembly ▶     Roberto Matassa, Giuseppe Familiari, Michela Relucenti et al.     The exposure of humans to erionite fibres of appropriate morphology and dimension has been unambiguously linked to the occurrence of Malignant Mesothelioma. For this reason, a …             From Soybean residue to advanced supercapacitors ▶     G. A. Ferrero, A. B. Fuertes, M. Sevilla     Supercapacitor technology is an extremely timely area of research with fierce international competition to develop cost-effective, environmentally friendlier EC electrode …             Molecular Designs for Enhancement of Polarity in Ferroelectric Soft Materials ▶     Ryo Ohtani, Manabu Nakaya, Hitomi Ohmagari et al.     The racemic oxovanadium(IV) salmmen complexes, [VO((rac)-(4-X-salmmen))] (X = C12C10C5 (1), C16 (2), and C18 (3); salmmen = N,N′-monomethylenebis-salicylideneimine) with “banana …             The Emergence of Relationship-based Cooperation ▶     Bo Xu, Jianwei Wang     This paper investigates the emergence of relationship-based cooperation by coupling two simple mechanisms into the model: tie strength based investment preference and homophily …             Synthesis and Properties Evolution of a Family of Tiara-like Phenylethanethiolated Palladium Nanoclusters ▶     Jishi Chen, Liren Liu, Linhong Weng et al.     Tiara-like thiolated group 10 transition metal (Ni, Pd, Pt) nanoclusters have attracted extensive interest due to their fundamental scientific significance and potential …             Large-scale production of bioactive recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor in transgenic silkworm cocoons ▶     Feng Wang, Riyuan Wang, Yuancheng Wang et al.     With an increasing clinical demand for functional therapeutic proteins every year, there is an increasing requirement for the massive production of bioactive recombinant human …             Influence of copper content on the electrocatalytic activity toward methanol oxidation of CoχCuy alloy nanoparticles-decorated CNFs ▶     Zafar Khan Ghouri, Nasser A. M. Barakat, Hak Yong Kim     In this study, CoCu alloy nanoparticles-incorporated carbon nanofibers are introduced as effective non precious electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation in alkaline medium. The …             Quasi suppression of higher-order diffractions with inclined rectangular apertures gratings ▶     Yuwei Liu, Xiaoli Zhu, Yulin Gao et al.     Advances in the fundamentals and applications of diffraction gratings have received much attention. However, conventional diffraction gratings often suffer from higher-order …             Electronic band-gap modified passive silicon optical modulator at telecommunications wavelengths ▶     Rui Zhang, Haohai Yu, Huaijin Zhang et al.     The silicon optical modulator is considered to be the workhorse of a revolution in communications. In recent years, the capabilities of externally driven active silicon optical …             Visualization of polymer relaxation in viscoelastic turbulent micro-channel flow ▶     Jiayan Tai, Chun Ping Lim, Yee Cheong Lam     In micro-channels, the flow of viscous liquids e.g. water, is laminar due to the low Reynolds number in miniaturized dimensions. An aqueous solution becomes viscoelastic with a …             Modal engineering of Surface Plasmons in apertured Au Nanoprisms ▶     Aurélien Cuche, Sviatlana Viarbitskaya, Jadab Sharma et al.     Crystalline gold nanoprisms of sub-micrometric size sustain high order plasmon modes in the visible and near infrared range that open a new realm for plasmon modal design, …             Carbon-Encapsulated Co3O4 Nanoparticles as Anode Materials with Super Lithium Storage Performance ▶     Xuning Leng, Sufeng Wei, Zhonghao Jiang et al.     A high-performance anode material for lithium storage was successfully synthesized by glucose as carbon source and cobalt nitrate as Co3O4 precursor with the assistance of sodium …             Magnetic field-dependent shape anisotropy in small patterned films studied using rotating magnetoresistance ▶     Xiaolong Fan, Hengan Zhou, Jinwei Rao et al.     Based on the electric rotating magnetoresistance method, the shape anisotropy of a Co microstrip has been systematically investigated. We find that the shape anisotropy is …             Minimal evolution time and quantum speed limit of non-Markovian open systems ▶     Xiangyi Meng, Chengjun Wu, Hong Guo     We derive a sharp bound as the quantum speed limit (QSL) for the minimal evolution time of quantum open systems in the non-Markovian strong-coupling regime with initial mixed …             Broadband All-Polymer Phototransistors with Nanostructured Bulk Heterojunction Layers of NIR-Sensing n-Type and Visible Light-Sensing p-Type Polymers ▶     Hyemi Han, Sungho Nam, Jooyeok Seo et al.     We report ‘broadband light-sensing’ all-polymer phototransistors with the nanostructured bulk heterojunction (BHJ) layers of visible (VIS) light-sensing electron-donating …             High catalytic activity and pollutants resistivity using Fe-AAPyr cathode catalyst for microbial fuel cell application ▶     Carlo Santoro, Alexey Serov, Claudia W. Narvaez Villarrubia et al.     For the first time, a new generation of innovative non-platinum group metal catalysts based on iron and aminoantipyrine as precursor (Fe-AAPyr) has been utilized in a …             A novel violet/blue light-emitting device based on Ce2Si2O7 ▶     Ling Li, Shenwei Wang, Guangyao Mu et al.     Rare-earth silicates are highly efficient materials for silicon-based light sources. Here we report a novel light-emitting device based on Ce2Si2O7. Intense violet/blue …             Imprinting bulk amorphous alloy at room temperature ▶     Song-Yi Kim, Eun-Soo Park, Ryan T. Ott et al.     We present investigations on the plastic deformation behavior of a brittle bulk amorphous alloy by simple uniaxial compressive loading at room temperature. A patterning is …             High-Performance Planar-Type Photodetector on (100) Facet of MAPbI3 Single Crystal ▶     Zhipeng Lian, Qingfeng Yan, Qianrui Lv et al.     Recently, the discovery of organometallic halide perovskites provides promising routes for fabricating optoelectronic devices with low cost and high performance. Previous …             Optimally conductive networks in randomly dispersed CNT:graphene hybrids ▶     Wonbo Shim, Youbin Kwon, Seung-Yeol Jeon et al.     A predictive model is proposed that quantitatively describes the synergistic behavior of the electrical conductivities of CNTs and graphene in CNT:graphene hybrids. The number of …             Fiber-optic control and thermometry of single-cell thermosensation logic ▶     I.V. Fedotov, N.A. Safronov, Yu.G. Ermakova et al.     Thermal activation of transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels is one of the most striking examples of temperature-controlled processes in cell biology. As the evidence …             Variations in Crystalline Structures and Electrical Properties of Single Crystalline Boron Nitride Nanosheets ▶     Ali Aldalbahi, Andrew Feng Zhou, Peter Feng     We report the studies of (1) the basic mechanism underlying the formation of defect-free, single crystalline boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) synthesized using pulsed laser …             Phonon limited superconducting correlations in metallic nanograins ▶     M. D. Croitoru, A. A. Shanenko, A. Vagov et al.     Conventional superconductivity is inevitably suppressed in ultra-small metallic grains for characteristic sizes smaller than the Anderson limit. Experiments have shown that above …             Vibrational Properties of h-BN and h-BN-Graphene Heterostructures Probed by Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy ▶     Suyong Jung, Minkyu Park, Jaesung Park et al.     Inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy is a powerful technique for investigating lattice dynamics of nanoscale systems including graphene and small molecules, but establishing …             Microstructures and growth mechanisms of GaN films epitaxially grown on AlN/Si hetero-structures by pulsed laser deposition at different temperatures ▶     Wenliang Wang, Weijia Yang, Yunhao Lin et al.     2 inch-diameter GaN films with homogeneous thickness distribution have been grown on AlN/Si(111) hetero-structures by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) with laser rastering …             Layered polymeric nitrogen in RbN3 at high pressures ▶     Xiaoli Wang, Jianfu Li, Ning Xu et al.     The structural evolutionary behaviors of nitrogen in RbN3 have been studied up to 300 GPa using a particle swarm optimization structure searching method combined with density …             Perovskite/c-Si tandem solar cell with inverted nanopyramids: realizing high efficiency by controllable light trapping ▶     Dai Shi, Yang Zeng, Wenzhong Shen     Perovskite/c-Si tandem solar cells (TSCs) have become a promising candidate in recent years for achieving efficiency over 30%. Although general analysis has shown very high upper …             Digital quantum simulators in a scalable architecture of hybrid spin-photon qubits ▶     Alessandro Chiesa, Paolo Santini, Dario Gerace et al.     Resolving quantum many-body problems represents one of the greatest challenges in physics and physical chemistry, due to the prohibitively large computational resources that …             Time-Domain Filtering of Metasurfaces ▶     Hiroki Wakatsuchi     In general electromagnetic response of each material to a continuous wave does not vary in time domain if the frequency component remains the same. Recently, it turned out that …             Reduced cortical microvascular oxygenation in multiple sclerosis: a blinded, case-controlled study using a novel quantitative near-infrared spectroscopy method ▶     Runze Yang, Jeff F. Dunn     Hypoxia (low oxygen) is associated with many brain disorders as well as inflammation, but the lack of widely available technology has limited our ability to study hypoxia in …             Electromagnetic Initiation and Propagation of Bipolar Radiofrequency Tissue Reactions via Invasive Non-Insulated Microneedle Electrodes ▶     Jongju Na, Zhenlong Zheng, Christopher Dannaker et al.     Radiofrequency (RF) energy can be emitted into the skin, either non- or invasively, via a monopolar mode that utilizes an active electrode and a grounded electrode or via a …             CalQuo: automated, simultaneous single-cell and population-level quantification of global intracellular Ca2+ responses ▶     Marco Fritzsche, Ricardo A. Fernandes, Huw Colin-York et al.     Detecting intracellular calcium signaling with fluorescent calcium indicator dyes is often coupled with microscopy techniques to follow the activation state of non-excitable …             Combined free nitrous acid and hydrogen peroxide pre-treatment of waste activated sludge enhances methane production via organic molecule breakdown ▶     Tingting Zhang, Qilin Wang, Liu Ye et al.     This study presents a novel pre-treatment strategy using combined free nitrous acid (FNA i.e. HNO2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to enhance methane production from WAS, with the …             X-ray phase-contrast tomography for high-spatial-resolution zebrafish muscle imaging ▶     William Vågberg, Daniel H. Larsson, Mei Li et al.     Imaging of muscular structure with cellular or subcellular detail in whole-body animal models is of key importance for understanding muscular disease and assessing interventions. …             Loss resilience for two-qubit state transmission using distributed phase sensitive amplification ▶     James M. Dailey, Anjali Agarwal, Paul Toliver et al.     We transmit phase-encoded non-orthogonal quantum states through a 5-km long fibre-based distributed optical phase-sensitive amplifier (OPSA) using telecom-wavelength photonic …             Deceleration of single-stranded DNA passing through a nanopore using a nanometre-sized bead structure ▶     Yusuke Goto, Takanobu Haga, Itaru Yanagi et al.     DNA sequencing with a solid-state nanopore requires a reduction of the translocation speeds of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) over 10 μs/base. In this study, we report that a …             Surface hydrogenation regulated wrinkling and torque capability of hydrogenated graphene annulus under circular shearing ▶     Yinfeng Li, Silin Liu, Dibakar Datta et al.     Wrinkles as intrinsic topological feature have been expected to affect the electrical and mechanical properties of atomically thin graphene. Molecular dynamics simulations are …             Dual-polarity metamaterial circular polarizer based on giant extrinsic chirality ▶     J. H. Shi, Q. C. Shi, Y. X. Li et al.     Chirality is ubiquitous in nature. The associated optical activity has received much attention due to important applications in spectroscopy, analytical chemistry, …             Sequential Folding using Light-activated Polystyrene Sheet ▶     Yonghee Lee, Hyeok Lee, Taesoon Hwang et al.     A pre-strained polystyrene (PS) polymer sheet is deformed when it approaches the glass transition state as a result of light absorption. By controlling the light absorption of …             Spectral separation of optical spin based on antisymmetric Fano resonances ▶     Xianji Piao, Sunkyu Yu, Jiho Hong et al.     We propose a route to the spectral separation of optical spin angular momentum based on spin-dependent Fano resonances with antisymmetric spectral profiles. By developing a …             Pressure-induced superconductivity in H2-containing hydride PbH4(H2)2 ▶     Ya Cheng, Chao Zhang, Tingting Wang et al.     High pressure structure, stability, metallization, and superconductivity of PbH4(H2)2, a H2-containing compound combining one of the heaviest elements with the lightest element, …             Can silicon carbide serve as a saturable absorber for passive mode-locked fiber lasers? ▶     Chih-Hsien Cheng, Yung-Hsiang Lin, Ting-Hui Chen et al.     The study presents a novel demonstration of a passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) that is based on a silicon carbide (SixC1−x) saturable absorber. When the C/Si …             Cancellation of the zeroth order by a low-contrast grating ▶     Bo Wang     The cancellation of the 0th order is described by a low-contrast fused-silica grating. In reported works, the high-contrast grating and complicated structure were applied with …             Electrochemical and Dry Sand Impact Erosion Studies on Carbon Steel ▶     M. Y. Naz, N. I. Ismail, S. A. Sulaiman et al.     This study investigated the dry and aqueous erosion of mild steel using electrochemical and dry sand impact techniques. In dry sand impact experiments, mild steel was eroded with …             Superior removal of arsenic from water with zirconium metal-organic framework UiO-66 ▶     Chenghong Wang, Xinlei Liu, J. Paul Chen et al.     In this study, water stable zirconium metal-organic framework (UiO-66) has been synthesized and for the first time applied as an adsorbent to remove aquatic arsenic …             Single florescent nanodiamond in a three dimensional ABEL trap ▶     Metin Kayci, Aleksandra Radenovic     Three dimensional single particle trapping and manipulation is an outstanding challenge in various fields ranging from basic physics to life sciences. By monitoring the response …             Grain boundary resistance to amorphization of nanocrystalline silicon carbide ▶     Dong Chen, Fei Gao, Bo Liu     Under the C displacement condition, we have used molecular dynamics simulation to examine the effects of grain boundaries (GBs) on the amorphization of nanocrystalline silicon …             Guided Self-Assembly of Nano-Precipitates into Mesocrystals ▶     H. Liu, Y. Gao, Z. Xu et al.     We show by a combination of computer simulation and experimental characterization guided self-assembly of coherent nano-precipitates into a mesocrystal having a honeycomb …             Quantitative Neutron Dark-field Imaging through Spin-Echo Interferometry ▶     Markus Strobl, Morten Sales, Jeroen Plomp et al.     Neutron dark-field imaging constitutes a seminal progress in the field of neutron imaging as it combines real space resolution capability with information provided by one of the …             Spin Exchange Interaction in Substituted Copper Phthalocyanine Crystalline Thin Films ▶     Naveen Rawat, Zhenwen Pan, Cody J. Lamarche et al.     The origins of spin exchange in crystalline thin films of Copper Octabutoxy Phthalocyanine (Cu-OBPc) are investigated using Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy. These …             Nondestructive nanofabrication on Si(100) surface by tribochemistry-induced selective etching ▶     Jian Guo, Bingjun Yu, Lei Chen et al.     A tribochemistry-induced selective etching approach is proposed for the first time to produce silicon nanostructures without lattice damage. With a ~1 nm thick SiOx film as …             Crystallization and precipitation of phosphate from swine wastewater by magnesium metal corrosion ▶     Haiming Huang, Jiahui Liu, Yang Jiang     This paper presents a unique approach for magnesium dosage in struvite precipitation by Mg metal corrosion. The experimental results showed that using an air bubbling column …             Label-free colorimetric detection of mercury via Hg2+ ions-accelerated structural transformation of nanoscale metal-oxo clusters ▶     Kun Chen, Shan She, Jiangwei Zhang et al.     Mercury and its compounds are known to be extremely toxic but widely distributed in environment. Although many works have been reported to efficiently detect mercury, development …             Nanostructured gold microelectrodes for SERS and EIS measurements by incorporating ZnO nanorod growth with electroplating ▶     Xianli Zong, Rong Zhu, Xiaoliang Guo     In this paper, a fine gold nanostructure synthesized on selective planar microelectrodes in micro-chip is realized by using an advanced hybrid fabrication approach incorporating …             Erratum: Longitudinal in vivo evaluation of bone regeneration by combined measurement of multi-pinhole SPECT and micro-CT for tissue engineering ▶     Philipp S. Lienemann, Stéphanie Metzger, Anna-Sofia Kiveliö et al.                 The lung cancer breath signature: a comparative analysis of exhaled breath and air sampled from inside the lungs ▶     Rosamaria Capuano, Marco Santonico, Giorgio Pennazza et al.     Results collected in more than 20 years of studies suggest a relationship between the volatile organic compounds exhaled in breath and lung cancer. However, the origin of these …             Multiscale and multiresolution modeling of shales and their flow and morphological properties ▶     Pejman Tahmasebi, Farzam Javadpour, Muhammad Sahimi     The need for more accessible energy resources makes shale formations increasingly important. Characterization of such low-permeability formations is complicated, due to the …             Optically detecting the edge-state of a three-dimensional topological insulator under ambient conditions by ultrafast infrared photoluminescence spectroscopy ▶     Shun-ya Maezawa, Hiroshi Watanabe, Masahiro Takeda et al.     Ultrafast infrared photoluminescence spectroscopy was applied to a three-dimensional topological insulator TlBiSe2 under ambient conditions. The dynamics of the luminescence …             Extremely High Thermal Conductivity of Aligned Carbon Nanotube-Polyethylene Composites ▶     Quanwen Liao, Zhichun Liu, Wei Liu et al.     The ultra-low thermal conductivity of bulk polymers may be enhanced by combining them with high thermal conductivity materials such as carbon nanotubes. Different from random …             Floating Oscillator-Embedded Triboelectric Generator for Versatile Mechanical Energy Harvesting ▶     Myeong-Lok Seol, Jin-Woo Han, Seung-Bae Jeon et al.     A versatile vibration energy harvesting platform based on a triboelectricity is proposed and analyzed. External mechanical vibration repeats an oscillating motion of a …             Interface-designed Membranes with Shape-controlled Patterns for High-performance Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells ▶     Yukwon Jeon, Dong Jun Kim, Jong Kwan Koh et al.     Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell is a promising zero-emission power generator for stationary/automotive applications. However, key issues, such as performance and costs, …             Dissipative solitons and backfiring in the electrooxidation of CO on Pt ▶     Philipp R. Bauer, Antoine Bonnefont, Katharina Krischer     Collisions of excitation pulses in dissipative systems lead usually to their annihilation. In this paper, we report electrochemical experiments exhibiting more complex pulse …             Gapless quantum spin liquid ground state in the two-dimensional spin-1/2 triangular antiferromagnet YbMgGaO4 ▶     Yuesheng Li, Haijun Liao, Zhen Zhang et al.     Quantum spin liquid (QSL) is a novel state of matter which refuses the conventional spin freezing even at 0 K. Experimentally searching for the structurally perfect candidates is …             A Holistic Multi Evidence Approach to Study the Fragmentation Behaviour of Crystalline Mannitol ▶     Jasdip S. Koner, Ali Rajabi-Siahboomi, James Bowen et al.     Mannitol is an essential excipient employed in orally disintegrating tablets due to its high palatability. However its fundamental disadvantage is its fragmentation during direct …             Tensile strain-induced softening of iron at high temperature ▶     Xiaoqing Li, Stephan Schönecker, Eszter Simon et al.     In weakly ferromagnetic materials, already small changes in the atomic configuration triggered by temperature or chemistry can alter the magnetic interactions responsible for the …             Highly efficient hyperentanglement concentration with two steps assisted by quantum swap gates ▶     Bao-Cang Ren, Gui Lu Long     We present a two-step hyperentanglement concentration protocol (hyper-ECP) for polarization-spatial hyperentangled Bell states based on the high-capacity character of …             Modeling crowdsourcing as collective problem solving ▶     Andrea Guazzini, Daniele Vilone, Camillo Donati et al.     Crowdsourcing is a process of accumulating the ideas, thoughts or information from many independent participants, with aim to find the best solution for a given challenge. Modern …             High Fidelity Tape Transfer Printing Based On Chemically Induced Adhesive Strength Modulation ▶     Kyoseung Sim, Song Chen, Yuhang Li et al.     Transfer printing, a two-step process (i.e. picking up and printing) for heterogeneous integration, has been widely exploited for the fabrication of functional electronics …             Dual-emissive Polymer Dots for Rapid Detection of Fluoride in Pure Water and Biological Systems with Improved Reliability and Accuracy ▶     Qiang Zhao, Chuanqi Zhang, Shujuan Liu et al.     It is of paramount importance to develop new probes that can selectively, sensitively, accurately and rapidly detect fluoride in aqueous media and biological systems, because F- …             Peptide Functionalized Gold Nanorods for the Sensitive Detection of a Cardiac Biomarker Using Plasmonic Paper Devices ▶     Sirimuvva Tadepalli, Zhifeng Kuang, Qisheng Jiang et al.     The sensitivity of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of metal nanostructures to adsorbates lends itself to a powerful class of label-free biosensors. Optical properties …             Inversion of Supramolecular Chirality by Sonication-Induced Organogelation ▶     Sibaprasad Maity, Priyadip Das, Meital Reches     Natural helical structures have inspired the formation of well-ordered peptide-based chiral nanostructures in vitro. These structures have drawn much attention owing to their …             Electron Beam Induced Artifacts During in situ TEM Deformation of Nanostructured Metals ▶     Rohit Sarkar, Christian Rentenberger, Jagannathan Rajagopalan     A critical assumption underlying in situ transmission electron microscopy studies is that the electron beam (e-beam) exposure does not fundamentally alter the intrinsic …             Using Quantum Confinement to Uniquely Identify Devices ▶     J. Roberts, I. E. Bagci, M. A. M. Zawawi et al.     Modern technology unintentionally provides resources that enable the trust of everyday interactions to be undermined. Some authentication schemes address this issue using devices …             Testing for Basins of Wada ▶     Alvar Daza, Alexandre Wagemakers, Miguel A. F. Sanjuán et al.     Nonlinear systems often give rise to fractal boundaries in phase space, hindering predictability. When a single boundary separates three or more different basins of attraction, …             Prediction of nested complementary pattern in argon dielectric-barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure ▶     Weiman Jiang, Jing Li, Jie Tang et al.     A two-dimensional self-consistent fluid model was employed to investigate the spatiotemporal nonlinear behavior in an argon glow-like/Townsend-like dielectric-barrier discharge …             Randomness determines practical security of BB84 quantum key distribution ▶     Hong-Wei Li, Zhen-Qiang Yin, Shuang Wang et al.     Unconditional security of the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol has been proved by exploiting the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics, but the practical quantum key …             Evolution of solidification texture during additive manufacturing ▶     H. L. Wei, J. Mazumder, T. DebRoy     Striking differences in the solidification textures of a nickel based alloy owing to changes in laser scanning pattern during additive manufacturing are examined based on theory …             Fast ion conductivity in strained defect-fluorite structure created by ion tracks in Gd2Ti2O7 ▶     Dilpuneet S. Aidhy, Ritesh Sachan, Eva Zarkadoula et al.     The structure and ion-conducting properties of the defect-fluorite ring structure formed around amorphous ion-tracks by swift heavy ion irradiation of Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore are …             3D vertical nanostructures for enhanced infrared plasmonics ▶     Mario Malerba, Alessandro Alabastri, Ermanno Miele et al.     The exploitation of surface plasmon polaritons has been mostly limited to the visible and near infrared range, due to the low frequency limit for coherent plasmon excitation and …             Ranking nodes in growing networks: When PageRank fails ▶     Manuel Sebastian Mariani, Matúš Medo, Yi-Cheng Zhang     PageRank is arguably the most popular ranking algorithm which is being applied in real systems ranging from information to biological and infrastructure networks. Despite its …             Doubly curved nanofiber-reinforced optically transparent composites ▶     Md. Iftekhar Shams, Hiroyuki Yano     Doubly curved nanofiber-reinforced optically transparent composites with low thermal expansion of 15 ppm/k are prepared by hot pressing vacuum-filtered Pickering emulsions of …             A Hybrid Circuit for Spoof Surface Plasmons and Spatial Waveguide Modes to Reach Controllable Band-Pass Filters ▶     Qian Zhang, Hao Chi Zhang, Han Wu et al.     We propose a hybrid circuit for spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and spatial waveguide modes to develop new microwave devices. The hybrid circuit includes a spoof SPP …             Strain induced piezoelectric effect in black phosphorus and MoS2 van der Waals heterostructure ▶     Le Huang, Yan Li, Zhongming Wei et al.     The structural, electronic, transport and optical properties of black phosphorus/MoS2 (BP/MoS2) van der Waals (vdw) heterostructure are investigated by using first principles …             Electrostatic Field Invisibility Cloak ▶     Chuwen Lan, Yuping Yang, Zhaoxin Geng et al.     The invisibility cloak has been drawing much attention due to its new concept for manipulating many physical fields, from oscillating wave fields (electromagnetic, acoustic and …             The breakdown of superlubricity by driving-induced commensurate dislocations ▶     A. Benassi, Ming Ma, M. Urbakh et al.     In the framework of a Frenkel-Kontorova-like model, we address the robustness of the superlubricity phenomenon in an edge-driven system at large scales, highlighting the …             Phase diagram of the layered oxide SnO: GW and electron-phonon studies ▶     Peng-Jen Chen, Horng-Tay Jeng     First-principles calculations are performed to study the electronic properties and the electron-phonon interactions of the layered oxide semiconductor SnO. In addition to the …             Liquid-liquid phase separation of freely falling undercooled ternary Fe-Cu-Sn alloy ▶     W .L. Wang, Y. H. Wu, L. H. Li et al.     The active modulation and control of the liquid phase separation for high-temperature metallic systems are still challenging the development of advanced immiscible alloys. Here …             Probing the interactions of CdTe quantum dots with pseudorabies virus ▶     Ting Du, Kaimei Cai, Heyou Han et al.     Quantum dots (QDs) have become one of the most promising luminescent materials for tracking viral infection in living cells. However, several issues regarding how QDs interact …             A mineralogical study in contrasts: highly mineralized whale rostrum and human enamel ▶     Zhen Li, Maisoon AI-Jawad, Samera Siddiqui et al.     The outermost enamel of the human tooth and the rostrum of the whale Mesoplodon densirostris are two highly mineralized tissues that contain over 95 wt.% mineral, i.e., …             Synthesis of Hierarchical Nanoporous Microstructures via the Kirkendall Effect in Chemical Reduction Process ▶     Ling Gao, Chao Pang, Dafang He et al.     A series of novel hierarchical nanoporous microstructures have been synthesized through one-step chemical reduction of micron size Cu2O and Co3O4 particles. By controlling the …             Near-infrared (NIR) up-conversion optogenetics ▶     Shoko Hososhima, Hideya Yuasa, Toru Ishizuka et al.     Non-invasive remote control technologies designed to manipulate neural functions have been long-awaited for the comprehensive and quantitative understanding of neuronal network …             Basal Lamina Mimetic Nanofibrous Peptide Networks for Skeletal Myogenesis ▶     I. Ceren Yasa, Nuray Gunduz, Murat Kilinc et al.     Extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for the coordination and regulation of cell adhesion, recruitment, differentiation and death. Therefore, equilibrium between cell-cell and …             Interval analysis of interictal EEG: pathology of the alpha rhythm in focal epilepsy ▶     Jan Pyrzowski, Mariusz Siemiński, Anna Sarnowska et al.     The contemporary use of interictal scalp electroencephalography (EEG) in the context of focal epilepsy workup relies on the visual identification of interictal epileptiform …             Fast-moving dislocations trigger flash weakening in carbonate-bearing faults during earthquakes ▶     Elena Spagnuolo, Oliver Plümper, Marie Violay et al.     Rupture fronts can cause fault displacement, reaching speeds up to several ms−1 within a few milliseconds, at any distance away from the earthquake nucleation area. In the case …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Climatic warming and the future of bison as grazers ▶     Joseph M. Craine, E. Gene Towne, Mary Miller et al.     Climatic warming is likely to exacerbate nutritional stress and reduce weight gain in large mammalian herbivores by reducing plant nutritional quality. Yet accurate predictions …             Impacts of the ENSO Modoki and other Tropical Indo-Pacific Climate-Drivers on African Rainfall ▶     B. Preethi, T. P. Sabin, J. A. Adedoyin et al.     The study diagnoses the relative impacts of the four known tropical Indo-Pacific drivers, namely, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), ENSO Modoki, Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), and …             Heat Transport Compensation in Atmosphere and Ocean over the Past 22,000 Years ▶     Haijun Yang, Yingying Zhao, Zhengyu Liu et al.     The Earth’s climate has experienced dramatic changes over the past 22,000 years; however, the total meridional heat transport (MHT) of the climate system remains stable. A …             The coastal ocean response to the global warming acceleration and hiatus ▶     Enhui Liao, Wenfang Lu, Xiao-Hai Yan et al.     Coastlines are fundamental to humans for habitation, commerce, and natural resources. Many coastal ecosystem disasters, caused by extreme sea surface temperature (SST), were …             Hierarchical, porous CuS microspheres integrated with carbon nanotubes for high-performance supercapacitors ▶     Yang Lu, Xianming Liu, Weixiao Wang et al.     Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) incorporated porous 3-dimensional (3D) CuS microspheres have been successfully synthesized via a simple refluxing method assisted by PVP. The composites …             Bumblebee learning and memory is impaired by chronic exposure to a neonicotinoid pesticide ▶     Dara A. Stanley, Karen E. Smith, Nigel E. Raine     Bumblebees are exposed to pesticides applied for crop protection while foraging on treated plants, with increasing evidence suggesting that this sublethal exposure has …             A Deep Look Into Erionite Fibres: an Electron Microscopy Investigation of their Self-Assembly ▶     Roberto Matassa, Giuseppe Familiari, Michela Relucenti et al.     The exposure of humans to erionite fibres of appropriate morphology and dimension has been unambiguously linked to the occurrence of Malignant Mesothelioma. For this reason, a …             Influence of copper content on the electrocatalytic activity toward methanol oxidation of CoχCuy alloy nanoparticles-decorated CNFs ▶     Zafar Khan Ghouri, Nasser A. M. Barakat, Hak Yong Kim     In this study, CoCu alloy nanoparticles-incorporated carbon nanofibers are introduced as effective non precious electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation in alkaline medium. The …             Rapid Recent Warming of Coral Reefs in the Florida Keys ▶     Derek P. Manzello     Coral reef decline in the Florida Keys has been well-publicized, controversial, and polarizing owing to debate over the causative agent being climate change versus overfishing. …             Radiological dose reconstruction for birds reconciles outcomes of Fukushima with knowledge of dose-effect relationships ▶     Jacqueline Garnier-Laplace, Karine Beaugelin-Seiller, Claire Della-Vedova et al.     We reconstructed the radiological dose for birds observed at 300 census sites in the 50-km northwest area affected by the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant …             Messengers from the deep: Fossil wadsleyite-chromite microstructures from the Mantle Transition Zone ▶     Takako Satsukawa, William L. Griffin, Sandra Piazolo et al.     Investigations of the Mantle Transition Zone (MTZ; 410–660 km deep) by deformation experiments and geophysical methods suggest that the MTZ has distinct rheological properties, …             Spatial distribution patterns of ammonia-oxidizing archaea abundance in subtropical forests at early and late successional stages ▶     Jie Chen, Hui Zhang, Wei Liu et al.     Characterizing the spatial distribution patterns of soil microorganisms is helpful in understanding the biogeochemical processes they perform, but has been less studied relative …             Large diurnal temperature range increases bird sensitivity to climate change ▶     Michael Briga, Simon Verhulst     Climate variability is changing on multiple temporal scales, and little is known of the consequences of increases in short-term variability, particularly in endotherms. Using …             HydroCrowd: a citizen science snapshot to assess the spatial control of nitrogen solutes in surface waters ▶     Lutz Breuer, Noreen Hiery, Philipp Kraft et al.     We organized a crowdsourcing experiment in the form of a snapshot sampling campaign to assess the spatial distribution of nitrogen solutes, namely, nitrate, ammonium and …             Integration of coal gasification and waste heat recovery from high temperature steel slags: an emerging strategy to emission reduction ▶     Yongqi Sun, Seetharaman Sridhar, Lili Liu et al.     With the continuous urbanization and industrialization in the world, energy saving and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction have been serious issues to be addressed, for which …             Winter cropping in Ficus tinctoria: an alternative strategy ▶     Huanhuan Chen, Yanqiong Peng, Yuan Zhang et al.     The many species of figs (Ficus, Moraceae) have evolved a variety of reproductive phenologies that ensure the survival of both the fig plants and their short-lived, …             Label-free colorimetric detection of mercury via Hg2+ ions-accelerated structural transformation of nanoscale metal-oxo clusters ▶     Kun Chen, Shan She, Jiangwei Zhang et al.     Mercury and its compounds are known to be extremely toxic but widely distributed in environment. Although many works have been reported to efficiently detect mercury, development …             Magnetite nanoparticles facilitate methane production from ethanol via acting as electron acceptors ▶     Zhiman Yang, Xiaoshuang Shi, Chuanshui Wang et al.     Potential for interspecies hydrogen transfer within paddy soil enrichments obtained via addition of magnetite nanoparticles and ethanol (named as PEM) was investigated. To do …             Eco-physiological adaptation shapes the response of calcifying algae to nutrient limitation ▶     Luka Šupraha, Andrea C. Gerecht, Ian Probert et al.     The steady increase in global ocean temperature will most likely lead to nutrient limitation in the photic zone. This will impact the physiology of marine algae, including the …             Crystallization and precipitation of phosphate from swine wastewater by magnesium metal corrosion ▶     Haiming Huang, Jiahui Liu, Yang Jiang     This paper presents a unique approach for magnesium dosage in struvite precipitation by Mg metal corrosion. The experimental results showed that using an air bubbling column …             Multiscale and multiresolution modeling of shales and their flow and morphological properties ▶     Pejman Tahmasebi, Farzam Javadpour, Muhammad Sahimi     The need for more accessible energy resources makes shale formations increasingly important. Characterization of such low-permeability formations is complicated, due to the …             Fast-moving dislocations trigger flash weakening in carbonate-bearing faults during earthquakes ▶     Elena Spagnuolo, Oliver Plümper, Marie Violay et al.     Rupture fronts can cause fault displacement, reaching speeds up to several ms−1 within a few milliseconds, at any distance away from the earthquake nucleation area. In the case …             Methane excess in Arctic surface water- triggered by sea ice formation and melting ▶     E. Damm, B. Rudels, U. Schauer et al.     Arctic amplification of global warming has led to increased summer sea ice retreat, which influences gas exchange between the Arctic Ocean and the atmosphere where sea ice …             Ice nucleation active particles are efficiently removed by precipitating clouds ▶     Emiliano Stopelli, Franz Conen, Cindy E. Morris et al.     Ice nucleation in cold clouds is a decisive step in the formation of rain and snow. Observations and modelling suggest that variations in the concentrations of ice nucleating …             Gravity-driven postseismic deformation following the Mw 6.3 2009 L’Aquila (Italy) earthquake ▶     Matteo Albano, Salvatore Barba, Michele Saroli et al.     The present work focuses on the postseismic deformation observed in the region of L’Aquila (central Italy) following the Mw 6.3 earthquake that occurred on April 6, 2009. A new, …             Reduced grazing pressure delivers production and environmental benefits for the typical steppe of north China ▶     Yingjun Zhang, Ding Huang, Warwick B. Badgery et al.     Degradation by overgrazing is common in many areas of the world and optimising grassland functions depends upon finding suitable grazing tactics. This four-year study on the …             Virulence of recurrent infestations with Borrelia-infected ticks in a Borrelia-amplifying bird ▶     Dieter J. A. Heylen, Wendt Müller, Anke Vermeulen et al.     Lyme disease cases caused by Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. bacteria is increasing steadily in Europe, in part due to the expansion of the vector, Ixodes ricinus. Wild reservoir hosts …             A mineralogical study in contrasts: highly mineralized whale rostrum and human enamel ▶     Zhen Li, Maisoon AI-Jawad, Samera Siddiqui et al.     The outermost enamel of the human tooth and the rostrum of the whale Mesoplodon densirostris are two highly mineralized tissues that contain over 95 wt.% mineral, i.e., …             A novel method to quantify the emission and conversion of VOCs in the smoking of electronic cigarettes ▶     Yong-Hyun Kim, Ki-Hyun Kim     An analytical technique was developed for the quantitation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in three different forms of electronic cigarette (EC): solution, vapor, and …             Facile room-temperature synthesis of carboxylated graphene oxide-copper sulfide nanocomposite with high photodegradation and disinfection activities under solar light irradiation ▶     Shuyan Yu, Jincheng Liu, Wenyu Zhu et al.     Carboxylic acid functionalized graphene oxide-copper (II) sulfide nanoparticle composite (GO-COOH-CuS) was prepared from carboxylated graphene oxide and copper precursor in …             Sulfur alleviates arsenic toxicity by reducing its accumulation and modulating proteome, amino acids and thiol metabolism in rice leaves ▶     Garima Dixit, Amit Pal Singh, Amit Kumar et al.     Arsenic (As) contamination of water is a global concern and rice consumption is the biggest dietary exposure to human posing carcinogenic risks, predominantly in Asia. Sulfur (S) …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Hepatitis B virus genotype, mutations, human leukocyte antigen polymorphisms and their interactions in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-centre case-control study ▶     Juan Wen, Ci Song, Deke Jiang et al.     Three genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been conducted on the genetic susceptibility of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), two of which …             Role of YAP and TAZ in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and in stellate cells associated with cancer and chronic pancreatitis ▶     Susan Morvaridi, Deepti Dhall, Mark I. Greene et al.     Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a fibrotic and inflammatory microenvironment that is formed primarily by activated, myofibroblast-like, stellate …             Targeting inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase pathway with AZD6244 (ARRY-142886) suppresses growth and angiogenesis of gastric cancer ▶     Jin-Hang Gao, Chun-Hui Wang, Huan Tong et al.     AZD6244 (ARRY-142886), a highly selective MAPK-ERK kinase inhibitor, has shown excellent clinical efficacy in many tumors. However, the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis efficacy …             Prevalence and molecular characterizations of enterovirus D68 among children with acute respiratory infection in China between 2012 and 2014 ▶     Qiuyan Xiao, Luo Ren, Shouyan Zheng et al.     EV-D68 is associated with respiratory tract infections (RTIs). Since its first isolation, EV-D68 has been detected sporadically. However, the US and Canada have experienced …             ZJU index: a novel model for predicting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a Chinese population ▶     Jinghua Wang, Chengfu Xu, Yunhao Xun et al.     Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important health issue worldwide. We aimed to develop a simple model to determine the presence of NAFLD in a Chinese population. A …             Osteogenesis of peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells in self assembling peptide nanofiber for healing critical size calvarial bony defect ▶     Guofeng Wu, Mengjie Pan, Xianghai Wang et al.     Peripheral blood mesenchymal stem cells (PBMSCs) may be easily harvested from patients, permitting autologous grafts for bone tissue engineering in the future. However, the …             Associations between Sleep Duration and Overweight/Obesity: Results from 66,817 Chinese Adolescents ▶     Jie Wu, Hong Wu, Juan Wang et al.     The findings about the shapes of associations between sleep duration and overweight/obesity in adolescents were largely inconsistent in the existing literature. We examined the …             Analysis of the Secretome of Apoptotic Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Impact of Released Proteins and Exosomes for Tissue Regeneration ▶     Lucian Beer, Matthias Zimmermann, Andreas Mitterbauer et al.     We previously showed that, when peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stressed with ionizing radiation, they released paracrine factors that showed regenerative …             FOXO1 inhibits osteoclastogenesis partially by antagnozing MYC ▶     Peng Tan, Hanfeng Guan, Linka Xie et al.     FOXO transcription factors especially FOXO1 have profound roles in bone development and remodeling. The regulation of cells of the osteoblast lineage by FOXOs is suggested to be …             Dietary fat intake and endometrial cancer risk: dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiological studies ▶     Luo Jiang, Rui Hou, Ting-Ting Gong et al.     Epidemiological studies have provided controversial evidence of the association between dietary fat intake and endometrial cancer (EC) risk. To address this inconsistency, we …             Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy: An analytical technique to understand therapeutic responses at the molecular level ▶     Sushma Kalmodia, Sowmya Parameswaran, Wenrong Yang et al.     Rapid monitoring of the response to treatment in cancer patients is essential to predict the outcome of the therapeutic regimen early in the course of the treatment. The …             The FDA-approved natural product dihydroergocristine reduces the production of the Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-β peptides ▶     Xiling Lei, Jing Yu, Qi Niu et al.     Known γ-secretase inhibitors or modulators display an undesirable pharmacokinetic profile and toxicity and have therefore not been successful in clinical trials for Alzheimer’s …             IRE1α-XBP1 is a novel branch in the transcriptional regulation of Ucp1 in brown adipocytes ▶     Rie Asada, Soshi Kanemoto, Koji Matsuhisa et al.     The unfolded protein response (UPR) not only resolves endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, but also regulates cellular physiological functions. In this study, we first linked the UP…             Improved anti-glioblastoma efficacy by IL-13Rα2 mediated copolymer nanoparticles loaded with paclitaxel ▶     Baoyan Wang, Lingyan Lv, Zhi Wang et al.     Glioma presents one of the most malignant brain tumors, and the therapeutic effect is often limited due to the existence of brain tumor barrier. Based on interleukin-13 receptor …             Disease-induced resource constraints can trigger explosive epidemics ▶     L. Böttcher, O. Woolley-Meza, N. A. M. Araújo et al.     Advances in mathematical epidemiology have led to a better understanding of the risks posed by epidemic spreading and informed strategies to contain disease spread. However, a …             MR-PheWAS: hypothesis prioritization among potential causal effects of body mass index on many outcomes, using Mendelian randomization ▶     Louise A. C. Millard, Neil M. Davies, Nic J. Timpson et al.     Observational cohort studies can provide rich datasets with a diverse range of phenotypic variables. However, hypothesis-driven epidemiological analyses by definition only test …             Elevated levels of endothelial-derived microparticles, and serum CXCL9 and SCGF-β are associated with unstable asymptomatic carotid plaques. ▶     Andrew Schiro, Fiona L. Wilkinson, Ria Weston et al.     Endothelial microparticles (EMPs) are released from dysfunctional endothelial cells. We hypothesised that patients with unstable carotid plaque have higher levels of circulating …             Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Defining high-risk patients who may benefit before concurrent chemotherapy combined with intensity-modulated radiotherapy ▶     Xiao-Jing Du, Ling-Long Tang, Lei Chen et al.     The purpose of this study was to create a prognostic model for distant metastasis in patients with locally advanced NPC who accept concurrent chemotherapy combined with …             Effectiveness of medical taping concept in primary dysmenorrhoea: a two-armed randomized trial ▶     María Isabel Tomás-Rodríguez, Antonio Palazón-Bru, Damian Robert James Martínez-St. John et al.     In 2014, we assessed the effectiveness of Medical Taping Concept (MTC) in Primary Dysmenorrhoea (PD) with a single-blind, two-armed clinical trial (NCT02114723, …             TMEM16A/ANO1 is differentially expressed in HPV-negative versus HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma through promoter methylation ▶     Ronak Dixit, Carolyn Kemp, Scott Kulich et al.     Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has a variety of causes. Recently, the human papilloma virus (HPV) has been implicated in the rising incidence of oropharyngeal …             Obesity rates in two generations of Swedish women entering pregnancy, and associated obesity risk among adult daughters ▶     José G. B. Derraik, Fredrik Ahlsson, Barbro Diderholm et al.     We examined changes in obesity rates in two generations of Swedish women entering pregnancy, and assessed the effects of maternal body mass index (BMI) on the risk of overweight …             Obesity-induced chronic inflammation in high fat diet challenged C57BL/6J mice is associated with acceleration of age-dependent renal amyloidosis ▶     Roel A. van der Heijden, Johan Bijzet, Wouter C. Meijers et al.     Obesity-induced inflammation presumably accelerates the development of chronic kidney diseases. However, little is known about the sequence of these inflammatory events and their …             Primary Tumor Resection Is Associated with Improved Survival in Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: An Instrumental Variable Analysis ▶     Hong Xu, Zuguang Xia, Xiaoyan Jia et al.     Primary tumor resection (PTR) is recommended for patients with unresectable stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC) who present with symptoms related to their primary tumor. However, …             Reduced cortical microvascular oxygenation in multiple sclerosis: a blinded, case-controlled study using a novel quantitative near-infrared spectroscopy method ▶     Runze Yang, Jeff F. Dunn     Hypoxia (low oxygen) is associated with many brain disorders as well as inflammation, but the lack of widely available technology has limited our ability to study hypoxia in …             CD4+CD25+ cells in multiple myeloma related renal impairment ▶     Hongdong Huang, Yang Luo, Yumei Liang et al.     CD4+CD25+ cells are critical regulators in almost all of the animal models of human organ-specific autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and allergic diseases. We aimed to …             Quantification of tumor fluorescence during intraoperative optical cancer imaging ▶     Ryan P. Judy, Jane J. Keating, Elizabeth M. DeJesus et al.     Intraoperative optical cancer imaging is an emerging technology in which surgeons employ fluorophores to visualize tumors, identify tumor-positive margins and lymph nodes …             TAK1 Regulates Myocardial Response to Pathological Stress via NFAT, NFκB, and Bnip3 Pathways ▶     Lei Li, Yi Chen, Jing Li et al.     TAK1 (TGFβ-activated kinase-1) signaling is essential in regulating a number of important biological functions, including innate immunity, inflammatory response, cell growth and …             Akkermansia muciniphila inversely correlates with the onset of inflammation, altered adipose tissue metabolism and metabolic disorders during obesity in mice ▶     Marc Schneeberger, Amandine Everard, Alicia G. Gómez-Valadés et al.     Recent evidence indicates that the gut microbiota plays a key role in the pathophysiology of obesity. Indeed, diet-induced obesity (DIO) has been associated to substantial …             Synergistic Activation of Latent HIV-1 Expression by Novel Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors and Bryostatin-1 ▶     Marta Martínez-Bonet, Maria Isabel Clemente, Maria Jesús Serramía et al.     Viral reactivation from latently infected cells has become a promising therapeutic approach to eradicate HIV. Due to the complexity of the viral latency, combinations of …             Towards an antimicrobial ‘microglove’ ▶     Ewoud Reilman, Joke G. Hagting, Theo Flipsen et al.     A large proportion of hospital-related infections are acquired and spread due to the direct contacts between patients and healthcare workers. Accordingly, proper infection …             Optimization of human mesenchymal stem cell manufacturing: the effects of animal/xeno-free media ▶     Angelos Oikonomopoulos, Welmoed K. van Deen, Aida-Rae Manansala et al.     Due to their immunosuppressive properties, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been evaluated for the treatment of immunological diseases. However, the animal-derived growth …             Activin A/BMP2 chimera AB235 drives efficient redifferentiation of long term cultured autologous chondrocytes ▶     G. Jiménez, E. López-Ruiz, W. Kwiatkowski et al.     Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) depends on the quality and quantity of implanted cells and is hindered by the fact that chondrocytes cultured for long periods of time …             Absence of DAB2IP promotes cancer stem cell like signatures and indicates poor survival outcome in colorectal cancer ▶     Jiang Min, Liang Liu, Xiaolan Li et al.     Metastasis is a critical factor for the high mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC), but its mechanism is not completely understood. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is …             Electromagnetic Initiation and Propagation of Bipolar Radiofrequency Tissue Reactions via Invasive Non-Insulated Microneedle Electrodes ▶     Jongju Na, Zhenlong Zheng, Christopher Dannaker et al.     Radiofrequency (RF) energy can be emitted into the skin, either non- or invasively, via a monopolar mode that utilizes an active electrode and a grounded electrode or via a …             Inhibition of Pten deficient Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer by Targeting of the SET - PP2A Signaling axis ▶     Xiaoyong Hu, Consuelo Garcia, Ladan Fazli et al.     The PP2A signaling axis regulates multiple oncogenic drivers of castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We show that targeting the endogenous PP2A regulator, SET (I2PP2A), …             Magnesium homeostasis in colon carcinoma LoVo cells sensitive or resistant to doxorubicin ▶     Sara Castiglioni, Alessandra Cazzaniga, Valentina Trapani et al.     Neoplastic cells accumulate magnesium, an event which provides selective advantages and is frequently associated with TRPM7overexpression. Little is known about magnesium …             Treatment of dextran sodium sulfate-induced experimental colitis by adoptive transfer of peritoneal cells ▶     Ting Liu, Jun Ren, Wei Wang et al.     The adoptive transfer of the natural regulatory B cells and macrophages should be a useful treatment for inflammation and autoimmune disease. However, it is usually difficult to …             We should be using nonlinear indices when relating heart-rate dynamics to cognition and mood ▶     Hayley Young, David Benton     Both heart rate (HR) and brain functioning involve the integrated output of a multitude of regulatory mechanisms, that are not quantified adequately by linear approximations such …             Hydrogen peroxide-activatable antioxidant prodrug as a targeted therapeutic agent for ischemia-reperfusion injury ▶     Dongwon Lee, Seunggyu Park, Soochan Bae et al.     Overproduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) causes oxidative stress and is the main culprit in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Suppression of oxidative …             Corrigendum: Combination of mild hypothermia with neuroprotectants has greater neuroprotective effects during oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation-mediated neuronal injury ▶     Xiao-Ya Gao, Jian-Ou Huang, Ya-Fang Hu et al.                 Reveromycin A Administration Prevents Alveolar Bone Loss in Osteoprotegerin Knockout Mice with Periodontal Disease ▶     Manami Mizuno, Ken Miyazawa, Masako Tabuchi et al.     Chronic periodontal disease is characterized by alveolar bone loss and inflammatory changes. Reveromycin A (RMA) was recently developed and is a unique agent for inhibiting …             Effect of co-morbidities on the development of oral feeding ability in pre-term infants: a retrospective study ▶     Maria Lorella Giannì, Patrizio Sannino, Elena Bezze et al.     Pre-term infants frequently experience difficulties in attaining independent oral feeding, thus delaying the achievement of an adequate nutritional status and hospital discharge. …             Exome sequencing reveals a high genetic heterogeneity on familial Hirschsprung disease ▶     Berta Luzón-Toro, Hongsheng Gui, Macarena Ruiz-Ferrer et al.     Hirschsprung disease (HSCR; OMIM 142623) is a developmental disorder characterized by aganglionosis along variable lengths of the distal gastrointestinal tract, which results in …             IL-36α: a novel cytokine involved in the catabolic and inflammatory response in chondrocytes ▶     Javier Conde, Morena Scotece, Vanessa Abella et al.     Recent studies confer to IL-36α pro-inflammatory properties. However, little is known about the expression and function of IL-36α in cartilage. This study sought to analyze the …             A diagnostic tool for malaria based on computer software ▶     Manas Kotepui, Kwuntida Uthaisar, Bhukdee Phunphuech et al.     Nowadays, the gold standard method for malaria diagnosis is a staining of thick and thin blood film examined by expert laboratorists. It requires well-trained laboratorists, …             Development and Effects of FTY720 Ophthalmic Solution on Corneal Allograft Survival ▶     Zhaochuan Liu, Haotian Lin, Chulong Huang et al.     Fingolimod (FTY720), a novel class of sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators, has received special interest among ophthalmologists, particularly given that oral …             GRADE in Systematic Reviews of Acupuncture for Stroke Rehabilitation: Recommendations based on High-Quality Evidence ▶     Zhang Xin, Liu Xue-Ting, Kang De-Ying     Systematic reviews (SRs) of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated acupuncture’s effectiveness in stroke rehabilitation. The current study reviews the quality of …             Quercitrin for periodontal regeneration: effects on human gingival fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells ▶     Manuel Gómez-Florit, Marta Monjo, Joana M. Ramis     Periodontal disease (PD) is the result of an infection and chronic inflammation of the gingiva that may lead to its destruction and, in severe cases, alveolar bone and tooth …             GSK3β mediates the carcinogenic effect of HPV16 in cervical cancer ▶     Cuiling Ma, Chenglong Zeng, Liang Jin et al.     Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent and fatal cancers among women and infection of the human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important risk factor. This study …             Inbreeding and homozygosity in breast cancer survival ▶     Hauke Thomsen, Miguel Inacio da Silva Filho, Andrea Woltmann et al.     Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) help to understand the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on breast cancer (BC) progression and survival. We performed …             Generation of enterocyte-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells for drug absorption and metabolism studies in human small intestine ▶     Tatsuya Ozawa, Kazuo Takayama, Ryota Okamoto et al.     Enterocytes play an important role in drug absorption and metabolism. However, a widely used enterocyte model, Caco-2 cell, has difficulty in evaluating both drug absorption and …             The lung cancer breath signature: a comparative analysis of exhaled breath and air sampled from inside the lungs ▶     Rosamaria Capuano, Marco Santonico, Giorgio Pennazza et al.     Results collected in more than 20 years of studies suggest a relationship between the volatile organic compounds exhaled in breath and lung cancer. However, the origin of these …             Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 4 Promotes Vascular Calcification via SMAD1/5/8 Phosphorylation ▶     Sun Joo Lee, Ji Yun Jeong, Chang Joo Oh et al.     Vascular calcification, a pathologic response to defective calcium and phosphate homeostasis, is strongly associated with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. In this study, …             Cofilin 1 activation prevents the defects in axon elongation and guidance induced by extracellular alpha-synuclein ▶     Sharada Tilve, Francesco Difato, Evelina Chieregatti     Impaired adult neurogenesis and axon traumatic injury participate in the severity of neurodegenerative diseases. Alpha-synuclein, a cytosolic protein involved in Parkinson’s …             NPM1 histone chaperone is upregulated in glioblastoma to promote cell survival and maintain nucleolar shape ▶     Karl Holmberg Olausson, Tamador Elsir, Kaveh Moazemi Goudarzi et al.     Glioblastoma (grade IV glioma) is the most common and aggressive adult brain tumor. A better understanding of the biology of glioblastoma cells is crucial to identify molecular …             Hyperhomocysteinemia predicts renal function decline: a prospective study in hypertensive adults ▶     Di Xie, Yan Yuan, Jiangnan Guo et al.     Hyper-homocysteinemia (HHcy) is associated with microalbuminuria and glomerular injury in general and diabetic populations. However, HHcy’s role in hypertensive patients was not …             Psychological job strain, social support at work and daytime secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in healthy female employees: cross-sectional analyses ▶     Atsuhiko Ota, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Junji Mase et al.     Evidence is limited concerning the influences of high psychological job strain and low social support at work on daytime secretion of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), which …             Cell-free plasma hemoglobin removal by dialyzers with various permeability profiles ▶     Michael Hulko, Melanie Kunz, Mehmet Yildirim et al.     The release of hemoglobin from mechanically stressed erythrocytes into plasma is a general side effect of extracorporeal therapies, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or …             Green tea inhibited the elimination of nephro-cardiovascular toxins and deteriorated the renal function in rats with renal failure ▶     Yu-Hsuan Peng, Douglas H. Sweet, Shiuan-Pey Lin et al.     Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem worldwide. Indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCS) are highly protein-bound nephro-cardiovascular toxins, which are …             The effect of statins on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational research ▶     Chao Cao, Yinfang Wu, Zhiwei Xu et al.     The objective of this study is to assess whether statin use is associated with beneficial effects on COPD outcomes. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of all …             Novel Noxipoint Therapy versus Conventional Physical Therapy for Chronic Neck and Shoulder Pain: Multicentre Randomised Controlled Trials ▶     Charles C. Koo, Ray S. Lin, Tyng-Guey Wang et al.     As chronic pain affects 115 million people and costs $600B annually in the US alone, effective noninvasive nonpharmacological remedies are desirable. The purpose of this study …             Recurrent Coding Sequence Variation Explains Only A Small Fraction of the Genetic Architecture of Colorectal Cancer ▶     Maria N. Timofeeva, Ben Kinnersley, Susan M. Farrington et al.     Whilst common genetic variation in many non-coding genomic regulatory regions are known to impart risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), much of the heritability of CRC remains …             Lysophosphatidic acid enhances survival of human CD34+ cells in ischemic conditions ▶     Ivana Kostic, Isabel Fidalgo-Carvalho, Sezin Aday et al.     Several clinical trials are exploring therapeutic effect of human CD34+ cells in ischemic diseases, including myocardial infarction. Unfortunately, most of the cells die few days …             Early astrocytosis in autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease measured in vivo by multi-tracer positron emission tomography ▶     Michael Schöll, Stephen F. Carter, Eric Westman et al.     Studying autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease (ADAD), caused by gene mutations yielding nearly complete penetrance and a distinct age of symptom onset, allows investigation of …             Interval analysis of interictal EEG: pathology of the alpha rhythm in focal epilepsy ▶     Jan Pyrzowski, Mariusz Siemiński, Anna Sarnowska et al.     The contemporary use of interictal scalp electroencephalography (EEG) in the context of focal epilepsy workup relies on the visual identification of interictal epileptiform …             Resveratrol inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelium and development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy ▶     Keijiro Ishikawa, Shikun He, Hiroto Terasaki et al.     Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a serious complication of retinal detachment and ocular trauma, and its recurrence may lead to irreversible vision loss. Epithelial to …             A novel method to quantify the emission and conversion of VOCs in the smoking of electronic cigarettes ▶     Yong-Hyun Kim, Ki-Hyun Kim     An analytical technique was developed for the quantitation of volatile organic compounds (VOC) in three different forms of electronic cigarette (EC): solution, vapor, and …             The genetics of feed conversion efficiency traits in a commercial broiler line ▶     Henry Reyer, Rachel Hawken, Eduard Murani et al.     Individual feed conversion efficiency (FCE) is a major trait that influences the usage of energy resources and the ecological footprint of livestock production. The underlying …             Virulence of recurrent infestations with Borrelia-infected ticks in a Borrelia-amplifying bird ▶     Dieter J. A. Heylen, Wendt Müller, Anke Vermeulen et al.     Lyme disease cases caused by Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. bacteria is increasing steadily in Europe, in part due to the expansion of the vector, Ixodes ricinus. Wild reservoir hosts …             Human mesenchymal stem cell-engineered hepatic cell sheets accelerate liver regeneration in mice ▶     Noriko Itaba, Yoshiaki Matsumi, Kaori Okinaka et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell source for cell therapy. Based on our hypothesis that suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signal enhances hepatic differentiation of …             Immuno-analysis of microparticles: probing at the limits of detection ▶     Sharissa L. Latham, Natalia Tiberti, Naveena Gokoolparsadh et al.     Microparticle (MP) research is clouded by debate regarding the accuracy and validity of flow cytometry (FCM) as an analytical methodology, as it is influenced by many variables …             Exploring simvastatin, an antihyperlipidemic drug, as a potential topical antibacterial agent ▶     Shankar Thangamani, Haroon Mohammad, Mostafa F. N. Abushahba et al.     The rapid rise of bacterial resistance to traditional antibiotics combined with the decline in discovery of novel antibacterial agents has created a global public health crisis. …             A simple and predictive phenotypic High Content Imaging assay for Plasmodium falciparum mature gametocytes to identify malaria transmission blocking compounds ▶     Leonardo Lucantoni, Francesco Silvestrini, Michele Signore et al.     Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes, specifically the mature stages, are the only malaria parasite stage in humans transmissible to the mosquito vector. 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