Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 26 January 2016

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26 January 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports             Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences               Biological Sciences ▲ top               A small molecule inhibitor of tropomyosin dissociates actin binding from tropomyosin-directed regulation of actin dynamics ▶     Teresa T. Bonello, Miro Janco, Jeff Hook et al.     The tropomyosin family of proteins form end-to-end polymers along the actin filament. Tumour cells rely on specific tropomyosin-containing actin filament populations for growth …             Development and Symbiosis Establishment in the Cnidarian Endosymbiosis Model Aiptasia sp. ▶     Madeline Bucher, Iliona Wolfowicz, Philipp A. Voss et al.     Symbiosis between photosynthetic algae and heterotrophic organisms is widespread. One prominent example of high ecological relevance is the endosymbiosis between dinoflagellate …             Essential role of proteasomes in maintaining self-renewal in neural progenitor cells ▶     Yunhe Zhao, Xueqin Liu, Zebin He et al.     Protein turnover and homeostasis are regulated by the proteasomal system, which is critical for cell function and viability. Pluripotency of stem cells also relies on normal …             Structural Insights into the Quaternary Catalytic Mechanism of Hexameric Human Quinolinate Phosphoribosyltransferase, a Key Enzyme in de novo NAD Biosynthesis ▶     Hyung-Seop Youn, Tae Gyun Kim, Mun-Kyoung Kim et al.     Quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) catalyses the production of nicotinic acid mononucleotide, a precursor of de novo biosynthesis of the ubiquitous coenzyme …             Acute fluoxetine exposure alters crab anxiety-like behaviour, but not aggressiveness ▶     Trevor James Hamilton, Garfield T. Kwan, Joshua Gallup et al.     Aggression and responsiveness to noxious stimuli are adaptable traits that are ubiquitous throughout the animal kingdom. Like vertebrate animals, some invertebrates have been …             Essential proteins and possible therapeutic targets of Wolbachia endosymbiont and development of FiloBase-a comprehensive drug target database for Lymphatic filariasis ▶     Om Prakash Sharma, Muthuvel Suresh Kumar     Lymphatic filariasis (Lf) is one of the oldest and most debilitating tropical diseases. Millions of people are suffering from this prevalent disease. It is estimated to infect …             Semantic interrogation of a multi knowledge domain ontological model of tendinopathy identifies four strong candidate risk genes ▶     Colleen J. Saunders, Mahjoubeh Jalali Sefid Dashti, Junaid Gamieldien     Tendinopathy is a multifactorial syndrome characterised by tendon pain and thickening, and impaired performance during activity. Candidate gene association studies have …             Global selection of Plasmodium falciparum virulence antigen expression by host antibodies ▶     Abdirahman I. Abdi, George M. Warimwe, Michelle K. Muthui et al.     Parasite proteins called PfEMP1 that are inserted on the surface of infected erythrocytes, play a key role in the severe pathology associated with infection by the Plasmodium …             Sexual Conspecific Aggressive Response (SCAR): A Model of Sexual Trauma that Disrupts Maternal Learning and Plasticity in the Female Brain ▶     Tracey J. Shors, Krishna Tobόn, Gina DiFeo et al.     Sexual aggression can disrupt processes related to learning as females emerge from puberty into young adulthood. To model these experiences in laboratory studies, we developed …             Insights into the venom composition and evolution of an endoparasitoid wasp by combining proteomic and transcriptomic analyses ▶     Zhichao Yan, Qi Fang, Lei Wang et al.     Parasitoid wasps are abundant and diverse hymenopteran insects that lay their eggs into the internal body (endoparasitoid) or on the external surface (ectoparasitoid) of their …             Population Connectivity Measures of Fishery-Targeted Coral Reef Species to Inform Marine Reserve Network Design in Fiji ▶     Erin K. Eastwood, Elora H. López, Joshua A. Drew     Coral reef fish serve as food sources to coastal communities worldwide, yet are vulnerable to mounting anthropogenic pressures like overfishing and climate change. Marine reserve …             Glucose restriction induces transient G2 cell cycle arrest extending cellular chronological lifespan ▶     Fumie Masuda, Mahiro Ishii, Ayaka Mori et al.     While glucose is the fundamental source of energy in most eukaryotes, it is not always abundantly available in natural environments, including within the human body. Eukaryotic …             Phylogeographic analysis of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from Zhoushan Islands, China: implication for transmission across the ocean ▶     Yongfeng Fu, Shibo Li, Zhao Zhang et al.     From June 2011 to August 2014, 21 cases of infection by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus (SFTSV) were confirmed in Zhoushan Islands in the Eastern coast of …             The role of PD-L1 in the radiation response and clinical outcome for bladder cancer ▶     Chun-Te Wu, Wen-Cheng Chen, Ying-Hsu Chang et al.     Identification of potential factors that can stratify a tumor’s response to specific therapies will aid in the selection of cancer therapy. The aim was to highlight the role of …             Evaluation of children with ADHD on the Ball-Search Field Task ▶     Marcos F. Rosetti, Rosa E. Ulloa, Ilse L. Vargas-Vargas et al.     Searching, defined for the purpose of the present study as the displacement of an individual to locate resources, is a fundamental behavior of all mobile organisms. In humans …             Mutation-induced perturbation of the special pair P840 in the homodimeric reaction center in green sulfur bacteria ▶     Chihiro Azai, Yuko Sano, Yuki Kato et al.     Homodimeric photosynthetic reaction centers (RCs) in green sulfur bacteria and heliobacteria are functional homologs of Photosystem (PS) I in oxygenic phototrophs. They show …             Proteomic response of methicillin-resistant S. aureus to a synergistic antibacterial drug combination: a novel erythromycin derivative and oxacillin ▶     Xiaofen Liu, Pei-Jin Pai, Weipeng Zhang et al.     The use of antibacterial drug combinations with synergistic effects is increasingly seen as a critical strategy to combat multi-drug resistant bacteria such as …             A new basal bird from China with implications for morphological diversity in early birds ▶     Min Wang, Xiaoli Wang, Yan Wang et al.     The Chinese Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group is the second oldest fossil bird-bearing deposit, only surpassed by Archaeopteryx from the German Upper Jurassic Solnhofen Limestones. …             The Regulation of Exosporium-Related Genes in Bacillus thuringiensis ▶     Qi Peng, Guiwei Kao, Ning Qu et al.     Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, and Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are spore-forming members of the Bacillus cereus group. Spores of B. cereus group species are encircled by …             Common SNP in hsa-miR-196a-2 increases hsa-miR-196a-5p expression and predisposes to idiopathic male infertility in Chinese Han population ▶     Jing Lu, Hao Gu, Qiuqin Tang et al.     MicroRNA plays an important role in spermatogenesis. Whether pre-miRNAs polymorphisms are associated with idiopathic male infertility remains obscure. In this study, 1378 …             Whole-genome sequencing of the endangered bovine species Gayal (Bos frontalis) provides new insights into its genetic features ▶     Chugang Mei, Hongcheng Wang, Wenjuan Zhu et al.     Gayal (Bos frontalis) is a semi-wild and endangered bovine species that differs from domestic cattle (Bos taurus and Bos indicus), and its genetic background remains unclear. …             Mycobacterium Lysine ε-aminotransferase is a novel alarmone metabolism related persister gene via dysregulating the intracellular amino acid level ▶     Xiangke Duan, Yunsong Li, Qinglin Du et al.     Bacterial persisters, usually slow-growing, non-replicating cells highly tolerant to antibiotics, play a crucial role contributing to the recalcitrance of chronic infections and …             Botulinum neurotoxin type-A enters a non-recycling pool of synaptic vesicles ▶     Callista B. Harper, Andreas Papadopulos, Sally Martin et al.     Neuronal communication relies on synaptic vesicles undergoing regulated exocytosis and recycling for multiple rounds of fusion. Whether all synaptic vesicles have identical …             Virus-specific antibodies allow viral replication in the marginal zone, thereby promoting CD8+ T-cell priming and viral control ▶     Vikas Duhan, Vishal Khairnar, Sarah-Kim Friedrich et al.     Clinically used human vaccination aims to induce specific antibodies that can guarantee long-term protection against a pathogen. The reasons that other immune components often …             Breaking sarcomeres by in vitro exercise ▶     Zacharias Orfanos, Markus P. O. Gödderz, Ekaterina Soroka et al.     Eccentric exercise leads to focal disruptions in the myofibrils, referred to as “lesions”. These structures are thought to contribute to the post-exercise muscle weakness, and to …             Induction of cell death by the novel proteasome inhibitor marizomib in glioblastoma in vitro and in vivo ▶     Christa A. Manton, Blake Johnson, Melissa Singh et al.     New therapies for glioblastoma (GBM) are needed, as five-year survival is <10%. The proteasome inhibitor marizomib (MRZ) has inhibitory and death-inducing properties unique from …             Microhabitat choice in island lizards enhances camouflage against avian predators ▶     Kate L. A. Marshall, Kate E. Philpot, Martin Stevens     Camouflage can often be enhanced by genetic adaptation to different local environments. However, it is less clear how individual behaviour improves camouflage effectiveness. We …             High early life mortality in free-ranging dogs is largely influenced by humans ▶     Manabi Paul, Sreejani Sen Majumder, Shubhra Sau et al.     Free-ranging dogs are a ubiquitous part of human habitations in many developing countries, leading a life of scavengers dependent on human wastes for survival. The effective …             Inhibition of Lysyl Oxidase and Lysyl Oxidase-Like Enzymes Has Tumour-Promoting and Tumour-Suppressing Roles in Experimental Prostate Cancer ▶     Maria Nilsson, Hanibal Adamo, Anders Bergh et al.     Lysyl oxidase (LOX) and LOX-like (LOXL) enzymes are key players in extracellular matrix deposition and maturation. LOX promote tumour progression and metastasis, but it may also …             Effects of acute critical illnesses on the performance of interferon-gamma release assay ▶     Chun-Ta Huang, Sheng-Yuan Ruan, Yi-Ju Tsai et al.     Performance of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) is influenced by preanalytical, laboratory and host factors. The data regarding how critical illnesses influence IGRA …             Biofortified indica rice attains iron and zinc nutrition dietary targets in the field ▶     Kurniawan R. Trijatmiko, Conrado Dueñas, Nikolaos Tsakirpaloglou et al.     More than two billion people are micronutrient deficient. Polished grains of popular rice varieties have concentration of approximately 2 μg g−1 iron (Fe) and 16 μg g−1 zinc …             Influence of Electric Fields and Conductivity on Pollen Tube Growth assessed via Electrical Lab-on-Chip ▶     Carlos Agudelo, Muthukumaran Packirisamy, Anja Geitmann     Pollen tubes are polarly growing plant cells that are able to rapidly respond to a combination of chemical, mechanical, and electrical cues. This behavioural feature allows them …             The Amino Acid Transporter JhI-21 Coevolves with Glutamate Receptors, Impacts NMJ Physiology, and Influences Locomotor Activity in Drosophila Larvae ▶     Anna B. Ziegler, Hrvoje Augustin, Nathan L. Clark et al.     Changes in synaptic physiology underlie neuronal network plasticity and behavioral phenomena, which are adjusted during development. The Drosophila larval glutamatergic …             Automatic and objective oral cancer diagnosis by Raman spectroscopic detection of keratin with multivariate curve resolution analysis ▶     Po-Hsiung Chen, Rintaro Shimada, Sohshi Yabumoto et al.     We have developed an automatic and objective method for detecting human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues with Raman microspectroscopy. We measure 196 independent Raman …             Pharmacological treatment with mirtazapine rescues cortical atrophy and respiratory deficits in MeCP2 null mice ▶     Tamara Bittolo, Carlo Antonio Raminelli, Chiara Deiana et al.     Loss of MeCP2 (Methyl CpG binding protein 2) in Rett syndrome (RTT) causes brain weight decrease, shrinkage of the cortex with reduced dendritic arborization, behavioral …             Meristem maintenance, auxin, jasmonic and abscisic acid pathways as a mechanism for phenotypic plasticity in Antirrhinum majus ▶     Julia Weiss, Raquel Alcantud-Rodriguez, Tugba Toksöz et al.     Plants grow under climatic changing conditions that cause modifications in vegetative and reproductive development. The degree of changes in organ development i.e. its phenotypic …             Dmy initiates masculinity by altering Gsdf/Sox9a2/Rspo1 expression in medaka (Oryzias latipes) ▶     Tapas Chakraborty, Lin Yan Zhou, Aparna Chaudhari et al.     Despite identification of several sex-determining genes in non-mammalian vertebrates, their detailed molecular cascades of sex determination/differentiation are not known. Here, …             Ligand-based virtual screening and inductive learning for identification of SIRT1 inhibitors in natural products ▶     Yunan Sun, Hui Zhou, Hongmei Zhu et al.     Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase, and its dysregulation can lead to ageing, diabetes, and cancer. From 346 experimentally confirmed …             Different hydrogen isotope fractionations during lipid formation in higher plants: Implications for paleohydrology reconstruction at a global scale ▶     Jinzhao Liu, Weiguo Liu, Zhisheng An et al.     Leaf wax δDn-alkane values have shown to differ significantly among plant life forms (e.g., among grasses, shrubs, and trees) in higher plants. However, the underlying causes for …             Hemispheric Asymmetry of Endogenous Neural Oscillations in Young Children: Implications for Hearing Speech In Noise ▶     Elaine C. Thompson, Kali Woodruff Carr, Travis White-Schwoch et al.     Speech signals contain information in hierarchical time scales, ranging from short-duration (e.g., phonemes) to long-duration cues (e.g., syllables, prosody). A theoretical …             Mesenchymal stem cells maintain their defining stem cell characteristics after treatment with cisplatin ▶     Nils H. Nicolay, Ramon Lopez Perez, Alexander Rühle et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) aid the regeneration of tissues damaged by treatment with cisplatin. However, the effects of this cytotoxic drug on the stem cells have been largely …             Blocking protein phosphatase 2A signaling prevents endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis: a peptide-based drug therapy ▶     Yuanjun Deng, Yanyan Guo, Ping Liu et al.     Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) contributes to the emergence of fibroblasts and plays a significant role in renal interstitial fibrosis. Protein phosphatase 2A …             Phenotypic Characterization Analysis of Human Hepatocarcinoma by Urine Metabolomics Approach ▶     Qun Liang, Han Liu, Cong Wang et al.     Hepatocarcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers in the world and represents a significant disease burden. Better biomarkers are needed for early detection of HCC. …             A framework for the assessment of the spatial and temporal patterns of threatened coastal delphinids ▶     Jingzhen Wang, Yingting Yang, Feng Yang et al.     The massively accelerated biodiversity loss rate in the Anthropocene calls for an efficient and effective way to identify the spatial and temporal dynamics of endangered species. …             Targeting and retention enhancement of quantum dots decorated with amino acids in an invertebrate model organism ▶     Rui Xing, Xue-Dong Chen, Yan-Feng Zhou et al.     The use of quantum dots (QDs) in biological imaging applications and targeted drug delivery is expected to increase. However, the efficiency of QDs in drug targeting needs to be …             Transition from freshwater to seawater reshapes the skin-associated microbiota of Atlantic salmon ▶     Jep Lokesh, Viswanath Kiron     Knowledge concerning shifts in microbiota is important in order to elucidate the perturbations in the mucosal barrier during the transitional life stages of the host. In the …             Developmental trajectories of body mass index and emotional-behavioral functioning of underweight children: A longitudinal study ▶     Silvia Cimino, Luca Cerniglia, Carlos A. Almenara et al.     Although several studies have addressed developmental trajectories from childhood to adolescence of internalizing/externalizing problems, limited attention has been given to …             Growing sensitivity of maize to water scarcity under climate change ▶     Qingfeng Meng, Xinping Chen, David B. Lobell et al.     Climate change can reduce crop yields and thereby threaten food security. The current measures used to adapt to climate change involve avoiding crops yield decrease, however, the …             Nimbolide inhibits pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis through ROS-mediated apoptosis and inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ▶     Ramadevi Subramani, Elizabeth Gonzalez, Arunkumar Arumugam et al.     The mortality and morbidity rates of pancreatic cancer are high because of its extremely invasive and metastatic nature. Its lack of symptoms, late diagnosis and chemo–resistance …             Temporal Succession of Ancient Phytoplankton Community in Qinghai Lake and Implication for Paleo-environmental Change ▶     Gaoyuan Li, Hailiang Dong, Weiguo Hou et al.     Tibetan lake sediments in NW China are sensitive recorders of climate change. However, many important plankton members do not leave any microscopic features in sedimentary …             Loss of CAR promotes migration and proliferation of HaCaT cells, and accelerates wound healing in rats via Src-p38 MAPK pathway ▶     Linlin Su, Lanqing Fu, Xiaodong Li et al.     The coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a cell adhesion molecule mostly localized to cell-cell contacts in epithelial and endothelial cells. CAR is known to regulate tumor …             AMPK Suppresses Connexin43 Expression in the Bladder and Ameliorates Voiding Dysfunction in Cyclophosphamide-induced Mouse Cystitis ▶     Xiling Zhang, Jian Yao, Kun Gao et al.     Bladder voiding dysfunction is closely related to local oxidation, inflammation, and enhanced channel activities. Given that the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has …             IL-10-produced by human transitional B-cells down-regulates CD86 expression on B-cells leading to inhibition of CD4+T-cell responses ▶     Estefania Nova-Lamperti, Giorgia Fanelli, Pablo D. Becker et al.     A novel subset of human regulatory B-cells has recently been described. They arise from within the transitional B-cell subpopulation and are characterised by the production of …             detectMITE: A novel approach to detect miniature inverted repeat transposable elements in genomes ▶     Congting Ye, Guoli Ji, Chun Liang     Miniature inverted repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are prevalent in eukaryotic genomes, including plants and animals. Classified as a type of non-autonomous DNA transposable …             The Arabidopsis glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR) forms a ternary complex with FLU and GluTR-binding protein ▶     Ying Fang, Shun Zhao, Feilong Zhang et al.     Tetrapyrrole biosynthesis is an essential and tightly regulated process, and glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR) is a key target for multiple regulatory factors at the …             Heme oxygenase-1 is dispensable for the anti-inflammatory activity of intravenous immunoglobulin ▶     Caroline Galeotti, Pushpa Hegde, Mrinmoy Das et al.     Intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) is used in the therapy of various autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. The mechanisms by which IVIG exerts anti-inflammatory effects are …             Mechanisms Restricting Diffusion of Intracellular cAMP ▶     Shailesh R. Agarwal, Colleen E. Clancy, Robert D. Harvey     Although numerous receptors stimulate cAMP production in a wide array of cells, many elicit distinct, highly localized responses, implying that the subcellular distribution of …             Rorippa indica Regeneration via Somatic Embryogenesis Involving Frog Egg-like Bodies Efficiently Induced by the Synergy of Salt and Drought Stresses ▶     Kedong Xu, Yunxia Chang, Yi Zhang et al.     Frog egg-like bodies (FELBs), novel somatic embryogenesis (SE) structures first observed in Solanum nigrum, were induced in Rorippa indica. NaCl-mediated salt and …             Two Genetic Variations in the IRF8 region are associated with Behçet’s disease in Han Chinese ▶     Yanni Jiang, Hong Wang, Hongsong Yu et al.     Several modulatory factors in the TLR signaling pathway including IRF3, IRF7, IRF8, TRIM20, MYD88 and NF-κB1 have been associated with autoimmune disease. In this study, we …             Leaf morphological and anatomical traits from tropical to temperate coniferous forests: Mechanisms and influencing factors ▶     Miao Tian, Guirui Yu, Nianpeng He et al.     Leaf traits may reflect the adaptation mechanisms of plants to the environment. In this study, we investigated leaf morphological and anatomical traits in nine cold-temperate to …             Methadone-induced Damage to White Matter Integrity in Methadone Maintenance Patients: A Longitudinal Self-control DTI Study ▶     Wei Li, Qiang Li, Yarong Wang et al.     Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) can induce impairments in brain function and structure, despite its clinical effectiveness. However, the effect of chronic MMT on brain …             Effects of cycle duration of an external electrostatic field on anammox biomass activity ▶     Xin Yin, Sen Qiao, Jiti Zhou     In this study, the effects of different cycle durations of an external electrostatic field on an anammox biomass were investigated. The total application time per day was 12 h at …             Distribution of vascular epiphytes along a tropical elevational gradient: disentangling abiotic and biotic determinants ▶     Yi Ding, Guangfu Liu, Runguo Zang et al.     Epiphytic vascular plants are common species in humid tropical forests. Epiphytes are influenced by abiotic and biotic variables, but little is known about the relative …             QTL analysis of modifiers for pigmentary disorder in rats carrying Ednrbsl mutations ▶     Jieping Huang, Ruihua Dang, Daisuke Torigoe et al.     Pigmentary variation in animals has been studied because of its application in genetics, evolution, and developmental biology. The large number of known color loci provides rich …             Identification of Differentially Expressed Long Non-coding RNAs in Polarized Macrophages ▶     Zikun Huang, Qing Luo, Fangyi Yao et al.     Macrophages display remarkable plasticity, with the ability to undergo dynamic transition between classically and alternatively activated phenotypes. Long non-coding RNAs …             A novel type bacterial flagellar motor that can use divalent cations as a coupling ion ▶     Riku Imazawa, Yuka Takahashi, Wataru Aoki et al.     The bacterial flagellar motor is a sophisticated nanomachine embedded in the cell envelope and powered by an electrochemical gradient of H+, Na+, or K+across the cytoplasmic …             Characterization of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Microvesicle Genesis, Morphology and Pluripotent Content ▶     Jing Zhou, Shima Ghoroghi, Alberto Benito-Martin et al.     Microvesicles (MVs) are lipid bilayer-covered cell fragments that range in diameter from 30 nm–1uM and are released from all cell types. An increasing number of studies reveal …             Signal-off impedimetric immunosensor for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 ▶     Jingzhuan Wan, Junjie Ai, Yonghua Zhang et al.     A signal-off impedimetric immune-biosensor based on gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-mediated electron transfer (ET) across a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) was the developed for highly …             Effects of Chronic Low-Dose Radiation on Human Neural Progenitor Cells ▶     Mari Katsura, Hiromasa Cyou-Nakamine, Qin Zen et al.     The effects of chronic low-dose radiation on human health have not been well established. Recent studies have revealed that neural progenitor cells are present not only in the …             Non-invasive Imaging of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Using Cathepsin Protease Probes ▶     Nimali P. Withana, Xiaowei Ma, Helen M. McGuire et al.     Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal, chronic, progressive disease characterized by formation of scar tissue within the lungs. Because it is a disease of unknown …             The frontline antibiotic vancomycin induces a zinc starvation response in bacteria by binding to Zn(II) ▶     Ashraf Zarkan, Heather-Rose Macklyne, Andrew W. Truman et al.     Vancomycin is a front-line antibiotic used for the treatment of nosocomial infections, particularly those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Despite its …             Mechanism of substrate recognition by the novel Botulinum Neurotoxin subtype F5 ▶     Jiubiao Guo, Edward Wai Chi Chan, Sheng Chen     Botulinum Neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the causative agents of botulism, which act by potently inhibiting the neurotransmitter release in motor neurons. Seven serotypes of BoNTs …             Identification of a rhodopsin gene mutation in a large family with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa ▶     Xinping Yu, Wei Shi, Lulu Cheng et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a genetically highly heterogeneous retinal disease and one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. Next-generation sequencing technology has …             Experience-independent sex differences in newborn macaques: Females are more social than males ▶     Elizabeth A. Simpson, Ylenia Nicolini, Melissa Shetler et al.     Human females exhibit greater social interest and skills relative to males, appearing in infancy, suggesting biological roots; however, male and female infants may be treated …             Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells induce tolerance of autoreactive CD4+ recent thymic emigrants ▶     Xi Xu, Rong Jin, Mingyang Li et al.     The liver is a unique lymphoid organ whose microenvironment is biased towards tolerance induction. We previously found that a proportion of CD4+ autoreactive recent thymic …             Combining personal with social information facilitates host defences and explains why cuckoos should be secretive ▶     Rose Thorogood, Nicholas B. Davies     Individuals often vary defences in response to local predation or parasitism risk. But how should they assess threat levels when it pays their enemies to hide? For common cuckoo …             In silico functional dissection of saturation mutagenesis: Interpreting the relationship between phenotypes and changes in protein stability, interactions and activity ▶     Douglas E. V. Pires, Jing Chen, Tom L. Blundell et al.     Despite interest in associating polymorphisms with clinical or experimental phenotypes, functional interpretation of mutation data has lagged behind generation of data from …             Photoactivated adenylyl cyclase (PAC) reveals novel mechanisms underlying cAMP-dependent axonal morphogenesis ▶     Zhiwen Zhou, Kenji F. Tanaka, Shigeru Matsunaga et al.     Spatiotemporal regulation of axonal branching and elongation is essential in the development of refined neural circuits. cAMP is a key regulator of axonal growth; however, …             Tsc1 deficiency impairs mammary development in mice by suppression of AKT, nuclear ERα, and cell-cycle-driving proteins ▶     Zhenqi Qin, Hang Zheng, Ling Zhou et al.     Loss of Tsc1/Tsc2 results in excess cell growth that eventually forms hamartoma in multiple organs. Our study using a mouse model with Tsc1 conditionally knockout in mammary …             Topography induces differential sensitivity on cancer cell proliferation via Rho-ROCK-Myosin contractility ▶     Parthiv Kant Chaudhuri, Catherine Qiurong Pan, Boon Chuan Low et al.     Although the role of stiffness on proliferative response of cancer cells has been well studied, little is known about the effect of topographic cues in guiding cancer cell …             Study of Arsenic Sulfide in Solid Tumor Cells Reveals Regulation of Nuclear Factors of Activated T-cells by PML and p53 ▶     Wenping Ding, Yingying Tong, Xiuli Zhang et al.     Arsenic sulfide (AS) has excellent cytotoxic activity in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) but its activity in solid tumors remains to be explored. Here we show that AS and …             CRMAGE: CRISPR Optimized MAGE Recombineering ▶     Carlotta Ronda, Lasse Ebdrup Pedersen, Morten O. A. Sommer et al.     A bottleneck in metabolic engineering and systems biology approaches is the lack of efficient genome engineering technologies. Here, we combine CRISPR/Cas9 and λ Red …             Vertical uniformity of cells and nuclei in epithelial monolayers ▶     Srujana Neelam, Peter Robert Hayes, Qiao Zhang et al.     Morphological variability in cytoskeletal organization, organelle position and cell boundaries is a common feature of cultured cells. Remarkable uniformity and reproducibility in …             Corrigendum: Reduced grazing pressure delivers production and environmental benefits for the typical steppe of north China ▶     Yingjun Zhang, Ding Huang, Warwick B. Badgery et al.                 Msp40 effector of root-knot nematode manipulates plant immunity to facilitate parasitism ▶     Junhai Niu, Pei Liu, Qian Liu et al.     Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are obligate biotrophic parasites that invade plant roots and engage in prolonged and intimate relationships with their hosts. Nematode secretions, …             Functional mutagenesis screens reveal the ‘cap structure’ formation in disulfide-bridge free TASK channels ▶     Matthias Goldstein, Susanne Rinné, Aytug K. Kiper et al.     Two-pore-domain potassium (K2P) channels have a large extracellular cap structure formed by two M1-P1 linkers, containing a cysteine for dimerization. However, this cysteine is …             Membrane omega-3 fatty acids modulate the oligomerisation kinetics of adenosine A2A and dopamine D2 receptors ▶     Ramon Guixà-González, Matti Javanainen, Maricel Gómez-Soler et al.     Membrane levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (ω-3 PUFA), are decreased in common neuropsychiatric disorders. DHA modulates key …             DNMT3L enables accumulation and inheritance of epimutations in transgenic Drosophila ▶     Amitava Basu, Archana Tomar, Vasanthi Dasari et al.     DNMT3L is an important epigenetic regulator in mammals, integrating DNA methylation and histone modification based epigenetic circuits. Here we show DNMT3L to be a part of the …             Divergent targets of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation result in additive effects of metformin and starvation in colon and breast cancer ▶     Cecilia Marini, Giovanna Bianchi, Ambra Buschiazzo et al.     Emerging evidence demonstrates that targeting energy metabolism is a promising strategy to fight cancer. Here we show that combining metformin and short-term starvation markedly …             Predicting DNA Methylation State of CpG Dinucleotide Using Genome Topological Features and Deep Networks ▶     Yiheng Wang, Tong Liu, Dong Xu et al.     The hypo- or hyper-methylation of the human genome is one of the epigenetic features of leukemia. However, experimental approaches have only determined the methylation state of a …             Comprehensive analyses of how tubule occlusion and advanced glycation end-products diminish strength of aged dentin ▶     Yuko Shinno, Takuya Ishimoto, Mitsuru Saito et al.     In clinical dentistry, since fracture is a major cause of tooth loss, better understanding of mechanical properties of teeth structures is important. Dentin, the major hard …             Terpene arms race in the Seiridium cardinale – Cupressus sempervirens pathosystem ▶     Ander Achotegui-Castells, Gianni Della Rocca, Joan Llusià et al.     The canker-causing fungus Seiridium cardinale is the major threat to Cupressus sempervirens worldwide. We investigated the production of terpenes by canker-resistant and …             Obesity is associated with changes in oxysterol metabolism and levels in mice liver, hypothalamus, adipose tissue and plasma ▶     Owein Guillemot-Legris, Valentin Mutemberezi, Patrice D. Cani et al.     Oxysterols are bioactive lipids derived from cholesterol that are linked to inflammatory processes. Because obesity and metabolic syndrome are characterized by inflammation and …             Chimera-like States in Modular Neural Networks ▶     Johanne Hizanidis, Nikos E. Kouvaris, Zamora-López Gorka et al.     Chimera states, namely the coexistence of coherent and incoherent behavior, were previously analyzed in complex networks. However, they have not been extensively studied in …             Reforestation in southern China: revisiting soil N mineralization and nitrification after 8 years restoration ▶     Qifeng Mo, Zhi’an Li, Weixing Zhu et al.     Nitrogen availability and tree species selection play important roles in reforestation. However, long-term field studies on the effects and mechanisms of tree species composition …             Comparative proteomics reveals abnormal binding of ATGL and dysferlin on lipid droplets from pressure overload-induced dysfunctional rat hearts ▶     Linghai Li, Huina Zhang, Weiyi Wang et al.     Excessive retention of neutral lipids in cardiac lipid droplets (LDs) is a common observation in cardiomyopathy. Thus, the systematic investigation of the cardiac LD proteome …             Inhibition of Inflammation and iNOS Improves Lymphatic Function in Obesity ▶     Jeremy S. Torrisi, Geoffrey E. Hespe, Daniel A. Cuzzone et al.     Although recent studies have shown that obesity decreases lymphatic function, the cellular mechanisms regulating this response remain unknown. In the current study, we show that …             Lactate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (LATEST) Imaging in vivo A Biomarker for LDH Activity ▶     Catherine DeBrosse, Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga, Puneet Bagga et al.     Non-invasive imaging of lactate is of enormous significance in cancer and metabolic disorders where glycolysis dominates. Here, for the first time, we describe a chemical …             Authentic role of ATP signaling in micturition reflex ▶     Kentaro Takezawa, Makoto Kondo, Hiroshi Kiuchi et al.     Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a signaling molecule that regulates cellular processes. Based on previous studies of bladder function over the past decade, bladder ATP signaling …             Hypertension associated with venous thromboembolism in patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer ▶     Yuhui Zhang, Yuanhua Yang, Wenhui Chen et al.     The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and the occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with lung …             A Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Lysosomal Thiols in Live Cells and Tissues ▶     Jiangli Fan, Zhichao Han, Yao Kang et al.     Lysosome-specific fluorescent probes are exclusive to elucidate the functions of lysosomal thiols. Moreover, two-photon microscopy offers advantages of less phototoxicity, better …             Hypoxia-inducible miR-210 contributes to preeclampsia via targeting thrombospondin type I domain containing 7A ▶     Rongcan Luo, Yongqing Wang, Peng Xu et al.     Preeclampsia, a relatively common pregnancy disorder, is a major contributor to maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. An elevation in microRNA-210 (miR-210) expression in …             Association of toll-like receptor 3 polymorphism rs3775291 with age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Li Ma, Fang Yao Tang, Wai Kit Chu et al.     Association of a polymorphism rs3775291 in the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) gene with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) had been investigated intensively, with variable …             From phenotype to genotype in complex brain networks ▶     Massimiliano Zanin, Marco Correia, Pedro A. C. Sousa et al.     Generative models are a popular instrument for illuminating the relationships between the hidden variables driving the growth of a complex network and its final topological …             An endometrial gene expression signature accurately predicts recurrent implantation failure after IVF ▶     Yvonne E. M. Koot, Sander R. van Hooff, Carolien M. Boomsma et al.     The primary limiting factor for effective IVF treatment is successful embryo implantation. Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a condition whereby couples fail to achieve …             Exploration of nucleosome positioning patterns in transcription factor function ▶     Kazumitsu Maehara, Yasuyuki Ohkawa     The binding of transcription factors (TFs) triggers activation of specific chromatin regions through the recruitment and activation of RNA polymerase. Unique nucleosome …             First freshwater coralline alga and the role of local features in a major biome transition ▶     A. Žuljević, S. Kaleb, V. Peña et al.     Coralline red algae are significant components of sea bottom and up to now considered as exclusively marine species. Here we present the first coralline alga from a freshwater …             IFNα enhances the production of IL-6 by human neutrophils activated via TLR8 ▶     Maili Zimmermann, Fabio Arruda-Silva, Francisco Bianchetto-Aguilera et al.     Recently, we reported that human neutrophils produce biologically active amounts of IL-6 when incubated with agonists activating TLR8, a receptor recognizing viral single strand …             Mozart, Mozart Rhythm and Retrograde Mozart Effects: Evidences from Behaviours and Neurobiology Bases ▶     Yingshou Xing, Yang Xia, Keith Kendrick et al.     The phenomenal finding that listening to Mozart K.448 enhances performance on spatial tasks has motivated a continuous surge in promoting music education over the past two …             Forest gaps slow the sequestration of soil organic matter: a humification experiment with six foliar litters in an alpine forest ▶     Xiangyin Ni, Wanqin Yang, Bo Tan et al.     Humification of plant litter containing carbon and other nutrients greatly contributes to the buildup of soil organic matter, but this process can be altered by forest …             A Novel Controlled Release Immunosensor based on Benzimidazole Functionalized SiO2 and Cyclodextrin Functionalized Gold ▶     Hongmin Ma, Yaoguang Wang, Dan Wu et al.     A novel controlled release system-based sandwich-type immunosensor is fabricated to detect squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA). The 1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole functionalized …             Exome sequencing reveals recurrent REV3L mutations in cisplatin-resistant squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck ▶     Kie Kyon Huang, Kang Won Jang, Sangwoo Kim et al.     Dacomitinib, an irreversible pan-HER inhibitor, had shown modest clinical activity in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN) patients. Therefore, validated predictive …             Mapping female bodily features of attractiveness ▶     Jeanne Bovet, Junpeng Lao, Océane Bartholomée et al.     “Beauty is bought by judgment of the eye” (Shakespeare, Love’s Labour’s Lost), but the bodily features governing this critical biological choice are still debated. Eye movement …             Urinary Kininogen-1 and Retinol binding protein-4 respond to Acute Kidney Injury: predictors of patient prognosis? ▶     Laura Gonzalez-Calero, Marta Martin-Lorenzo, Angeles Ramos-Barron et al.     Implementation of therapy for acute kidney injury (AKI) depends on successful prediction of individual patient prognosis. Clinical markers as serum creatinine (sCr) have …             Vocal complexity influences female responses to gelada male calls ▶     Morgan L. Gustison, Thore J. Bergman     Extensive research indicates that inter-sexual selection drives the evolution of complex vocal communication in birds, but parallel lines of evidence are almost entirely absent …             The role of motility and chemotaxis in the bacterial colonization of protected surfaces ▶     Einat Tamar, Moriah Koler, Ady Vaknin     Internal epithelial surfaces in humans are both oxygenated and physically protected by a few hundred microns thick hydrogel mucosal layer, conditions that might support bacterial …             Hypercarnivorous apex predator could provide ecosystem services by dispersing seeds ▶     José Hernán Sarasola, Juan Ignacio Zanón-Martínez, Andrea Silvina Costán et al.     Large “hypercarnivorous” felids are recognized for their role as apex predators and hence as key elements in food webs and ecosystem functioning through competition and …             Hair cortisol varies with season and lifestyle and relates to human interactions in German shepherd dogs ▶     Lina S. V. Roth, Åshild Faresjö, Elvar Theodorsson et al.     It is challenging to measure long-term endocrine stress responses in animals. We investigated whether cortisol extracted from dog hair reflected the levels of activity and stress …             H2AX deficiency is associated with erythroid dysplasia and compromised haematopoietic stem cell function ▶     Baobing Zhao, Timothy L. Tan, Yang Mei et al.     Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal disorders of haematopoiesis characterised by dysplastic changes of major myeloid cell lines. However, the mechanisms underlying these …             Proteomics Profiling Reveals Carbohydrate Metabolic Enzymes and 14-3-3 Proteins Play Important Roles for Starch Accumulation during Cassava Root Tuberization ▶     Xuchu Wang, Lili Chang, Zheng Tong et al.     Cassava is one of the most important root crops as a reliable source of food and carbohydrates. Carbohydrate metabolism and starch accumulation in cassava storage root is a …             Development of a conditional liver tumor model by mifepristone-inducible Cre recombination to control oncogenic krasV12 expression in transgenic zebrafish ▶     Anh Tuan Nguyen, Vivien Koh, Jan M. Spitsbergen et al.     Here we report a new transgenic expression system by combination of liver-specific expression, mifepristone induction and Cre-loxP recombination to conditionally control the …             Corrigendum: Synchronized age-related gene expression changes across multiple tissues in human and the link to complex diseases ▶     Jialiang Yang, Tao Huang, Francesca Petralia et al.                 The aryl hydrocarbon receptor promotes aging phenotypes across species ▶     Anna Eckers, Sascha Jakob, Christian Heiss et al.     The ubiquitously expressed aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) induces drug metabolizing enzymes as well as regulators of cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. Certain AhR …             Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase (HPK-1) regulates stress responses and ageing in C. elegans ▶     Slavica Berber, Mallory Wood, Estelle Llamosas et al.     Proteins of the Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase (HIPK) family regulate an array of processes in mammalian systems, such as the DNA damage response, cellular proliferation …             Fast-cycling unit of root turnover in perennial herbaceous plants in a cold temperate ecosystem ▶     Kai Sun, M. Luke McCormack, Le Li et al.     Roots of perennial plants have both persistent portion and fast-cycling units represented by different levels of branching. In woody species, the distal nonwoody branch orders as …             c.A2456C-substitution in Pck1 changes the enzyme kinetic and functional properties modifying fat distribution in pigs ▶     Pedro Latorre, Carmen Burgos, Jorge Hidalgo et al.     Cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, PCK1, is one of the main regulatory enzymes of gluconeogenesis and glyceroneogenesis. The substitution of a single amino acid …             The opgC gene is required for OPGs succinylation and is osmoregulated through RcsCDB and EnvZ/OmpR in the phytopathogen Dickeya dadantii ▶     Sébastien Bontemps-Gallo, Edwige Madec, Catherine Robbe-Masselot et al.     Osmoregulated periplasmic glucans (OPGs) are a family of periplasmic oligosaccharides found in the envelope of most Proteobacteria. They are required for virulence of zoo- and …             Rational steering of insulin binding specificity by intra-chain chemical crosslinking ▶     Jitka Viková, Michaela Collinsová, Emília Kletvíková et al.     Insulin is a key hormone of human metabolism with major therapeutic importance for both types of diabetes. New insulin analogues with more physiological profiles and better …             Tomato yellow leaf curl virus infection mitigates the heat stress response of plants grown at high temperatures ▶     Anfoka Ghandi, Moshe Adi, Fridman Lilia et al.     Cultured tomatoes are often exposed to a combination of extreme heat and infection with Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). This stress combination leads to intense disease …             Synthetic tactile perception induced by transcranial alternating-current stimulation can substitute for natural sensory stimulus in behaving rabbits ▶     Javier Márquez-Ruiz, Claudia Ammann, Rocío Leal-Campanario et al.     The use of brain-derived signals for controlling external devices has long attracted the attention from neuroscientists and engineers during last decades. Although much effort …             Predicting chemotherapeutic drug combinations through gene network profiling ▶     Thi Thuy Trang Nguyen, Jacqueline Kia Kee Chua, Kwi Shan Seah et al.     Contemporary chemotherapeutic treatments incorporate the use of several agents in combination. However, selecting the most appropriate drugs for such therapy is not necessarily …             Different human vaccine adjuvants promote distinct antigen-independent immunological signatures tailored to different pathogens ▶     Niels Peter H. Knudsen, Anja Olsen, Cecilia Buonsanti et al.     The majority of vaccine candidates in clinical development are highly purified proteins and peptides relying on adjuvants to enhance and/or direct immune responses. Despite the …             The Dilemma of Derelict Gear ▶     A. M. Scheld, D. M. Bilkovic, K. J. Havens     Every year, millions of pots and traps are lost in crustacean fisheries around the world. Derelict fishing gear has been found to produce several harmful environmental and …             Tubastatin A, an HDAC6 inhibitor, alleviates stroke-induced brain infarction and functional deficits: potential roles of α-tubulin acetylation and FGF-21 up-regulation ▶     Zhifei Wang, Yan Leng, Junyu Wang et al.     Histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 exists exclusively in cytoplasm and deacetylates cytoplasmic proteins such as α-tubulin. HDAC6 dysfunction is associated with several pathological …             Tyrannosaurs as long-lived species ▶     Byung Mook Weon     Biodemographic analysis would be essential to understand population ecology and aging of tyrannosaurs. Here we address a methodology that quantifies tyrannosaur survival and …             Cd(II) Sorption on Montmorillonite-Humic acid-Bacteria Composites ▶     Huihui Du, Wenli Chen, Peng Cai et al.     Soil components (e.g., clays, bacteria and humic substances) are known to produce mineral-organic composites in natural systems. Herein, batch sorption isotherms, isothermal …             Peptides in headlock – a novel high-affinity and versatile peptide-binding nanobody for proteomics and microscopy ▶     Michael B. Braun, Bjoern Traenkle, Philipp A. Koch et al.     Nanobodies are highly valuable tools for numerous bioanalytical and biotechnical applications. Here, we report the characterization of a nanobody that binds a short peptide …             Increasing aridity, temperature and soil pH induce soil C-N-P imbalance in grasslands ▶     Feng Jiao, Xin-Rong Shi, Feng-Peng Han et al.     Due to the different degrees of controls exerted by biological and geochemical processes, climate changes are suggested to uncouple biogeochemical C, N and P cycles, influencing …             Revealing the Dynamics of Thylakoid Membranes in Living Cyanobacterial Cells ▶     Laura-Roxana Stingaciu, Hugh O’Neill, Michelle Liberton et al.     Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes that make major contributions to the production of the oxygen in the Earth atmosphere. The photosynthetic machinery in cyanobacterial …             Scaling-up Fermentation of Pichia pastoris to demonstration-scale using new methanol-feeding strategy and increased air pressure instead of pure oxygen supplement ▶     Wan-Cang Liu, Ting Gong, Qing-Hua Wang et al.     Scaling-up of high-cell-density fermentation (HCDF) of Pichia pastoris from the lab or pilot scale to the demonstration scale possesses great significance because the latter is …             Acupuncture promotes mTOR-independent autophagic clearance of aggregation-prone proteins in mouse brain ▶     Tian Tian, Yanhong Sun, Huangan Wu et al.     Acupuncture has historically been practiced to treat medical disorders by mechanically stimulating specific acupoints with fine needles. Despite its well-documented efficacy, its …             Toxicity of AMPA to the earthworm Eisenia andrei Bouché, 1972 in tropical artificial soil ▶     Anahí Domínguez, George Gardner Brown, Klaus Dieter Sautter et al.     Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) - one of glyphosate’s main metabolites - has been classified as persistent in soils, raising concern regarding the widespread use of glyphosate …             Polyhydroxyalkanoates in waste activated sludge enhances anaerobic methane production through improving biochemical methane potential instead of hydrolysis rate ▶     Qilin Wang, Jing Sun, Chang Zhang et al.     Anaerobic sludge digestion is the main technology for sludge reduction and stabilization prior to sludge disposal. Nevertheless, methane production from anaerobic digestion of …             Cochlear Outer-Hair-Cell Power Generation and Viscous Fluid Loss ▶     Yanli Wang, Charles R. Steele, Sunil Puria     Since the discovery of otoacoustic emissions and outer hair cell (OHC) motility, the fundamental question of whether the cochlea produces mechanical power remains controversial. …             Multinucleation and Polykaryon Formation is Promoted by the EhPC4 Transcription Factor in Entamoeba histolytica ▶     Olga Hernández de la Cruz, Laurence A. Marchat, Nancy Guillén et al.     Entamoeba histolytica is the intestinal parasite responsible for human amoebiasis that is a leading cause of death in developing countries. In this protozoan, heterogeneity in …             Corrigendum: Light exposure before learning improves memory consolidation at night ▶     Li-Li Shan, Hao Guo, Ning-Ning Song et al.                 Erratum: Heterologous expression of newly identified galectin-8 from sea urchin embryos produces recombinant protein with lactose binding specificity and anti-adhesive activity ▶     Konstantinos Karakostis, Caterina Costa, Francesca Zito et al.                 A simulation-based breeding design that uses whole-genome prediction in tomato ▶     Eiji Yamamoto, Hiroshi Matsunaga, Akio Onogi et al.     Efficient plant breeding methods must be developed in order to increase yields and feed a growing world population, as well as to meet the demands of consumers with diverse …             Natural HCV variants with increased replicative fitness due to NS3 helicase mutations in the C-terminal helix α18 ▶     Claudia Stross, Tetsuro Shimakami, Katrin Haselow et al.     High replicative fitness is a general determinant of a multidrug resistance phenotype and may explain lower sensitivity to direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) in some hepatitis …             Corrigendum: Human rather than ape-like orbital morphology allows much greater lateral visual field expansion with eye abduction ▶     Eric Denion, Martin Hitier, Eric Levieil et al.                 Imaging and radiation effects of gold nanoparticles in tumour cells ▶     Harold N. McQuaid, Mark F. Muir, Laura E. Taggart et al.     Gold nanoparticle radiosensitization represents a novel technique in enhancement of ionising radiation dose and its effect on biological systems. Variation between theoretical …             SPECC1L deficiency results in increased adherens junction stability and reduced cranial neural crest cell delamination ▶     Nathan R. Wilson, Adam J. Olm-Shipman, Diana S. Acevedo et al.     Cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) delaminate from embryonic neural folds and migrate to pharyngeal arches, which give rise to most mid-facial structures. CNCC dysfunction plays …             Erratum: Rumen microbial community composition varies with diet and host, but a core microbiome is found across a wide geographical range ▶     Gemma Henderson, Faith Cox, Siva Ganesh et al.                 Pilot study of a rapid and minimally instrumented sputum sample preparation method for molecular diagnosis of tuberculosis ▶     Tanya M. Ferguson, Kris M. Weigel, Annie Lakey Becker et al.     Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) enables rapid and sensitive diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), which facilitates treatment and mitigates transmission. Nucleic acid …             Genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new loci for waist-hip ratio and waist circumference ▶     Wanqing Wen, Norihiro Kato, Joo-Yeon Hwang et al.     Sixty genetic loci associated with abdominal obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), have been previously identified, primarily from studies …             Combined ligand-observe 19F and protein-observe 15N,1H-HSQC NMR suggests phenylalanine as the key Δ-somatostatin residue recognized by human protein disulfide isomerase ▶     Kirsty L. Richards, Michelle L. Rowe, Paul B. Hudson et al.     Human protein disulphide isomerase (hPDI) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) based isomerase and folding chaperone. Molecular detail of ligand recognition and specificity of hPDI …             Phenotypic characterization of nanshi oral liquid alters metabolic signatures during disease prevention ▶     Aihua Zhang, Qi Liu, Hongwei Zhao et al.     This paper was designed to investigate the phenotypic characterization of Nanshi Oral Liquid (NOL) alters metabolic signatures of the ‘Kidney Yang Deficiency syndrome’ (KYDS). Ur…             Temperature effect on the chemomechanical regulation of substeps within the power stroke of a single Myosin II ▶     Chenling Dong, Bin Chen     Myosin IIs in the skeletal muscle are highly efficient nanoscale machines evolved in nature. Understanding how they function can not only bring insights into various biological …             Ca2+ dynamics in oocytes from naturally-aged mice ▶     Jenna Haverfield, Shoma Nakagawa, Daniel Love et al.     The ability of human metaphase-II arrested eggs to activate following fertilisation declines with advancing maternal age. Egg activation is triggered by repetitive increases in …             Identification of novel noncoding transcripts in telomerase-negative yeast using RNA-seq ▶     Rachel O. Niederer, Nickolas Papadopoulos, David C. Zappulla     Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that maintains the ends of linear chromosomes in most eukaryotes. Loss of telomerase activity results in shortening of telomeric DNA and …             Intravital Imaging Reveals Dynamics of Lymphangiogenesis and Valvulogenesis ▶     Gyeong Jin Kang, Tatiana Ecoiffier, Tan Truong et al.     Lymphatic research signifies a field of rapid progression in recent years. Though lymphatic dysfunction has been found in a myriad of disorders, to date, few effective treatments …             Transient nature of cooperation by pay-it-forward reciprocity ▶     Yutaka Horita, Masanori Takezawa, Takuji Kinjo et al.     Humans often forward kindness received from others to strangers, a phenomenon called the upstream or pay-it-forward indirect reciprocity. Some field observations and laboratory …             Improving power and accuracy of genome-wide association studies via a multi-locus mixed linear model methodology ▶     Shi-Bo Wang, Jian-Ying Feng, Wen-Long Ren et al.     Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been widely used in genetic dissection of complex traits. However, common methods are all based on a fixed-SNP-effect mixed linear …             Novel ALK inhibitor AZD3463 inhibits neuroblastoma growth by overcoming crizotinib resistance and inducing apoptosis ▶     Yongfeng Wang, Long Wang, Shan Guan et al.     ALK receptor tyrosine kinase has been shown to be a therapeutic target in neuroblastoma. Germline ALK activating mutations are responsible for the majority of hereditary …             Why I tense up when you watch me: Inferior parietal cortex mediates an audience’s influence on motor performance ▶     Michiko Yoshie, Yoko Nagai, Hugo D. Critchley et al.     The presence of an evaluative audience can alter skilled motor performance through changes in force output. To investigate how this is mediated within the brain, we emulated …             Crystal structure and SUMO binding of Slx1-Slx4 complex ▶     Fu-Ming Lian, Si Xie, Chengmin Qian     The SLX1-SLX4 complex is a structure-specific endonuclease that cleaves branched DNA structures and plays significant roles in DNA recombination and repair in eukaryotic cells. …             Somatic Copy Number Alterations at Oncogenic Loci Show Diverse Correlations with Gene Expression ▶     Jason Roszik, Chang-Jiun Wu, Alan E. Siroy et al.     Somatic copy number alterations (SCNAs) affecting oncogenic drivers have a firmly established role in promoting cancer. However, no agreed-upon standard exists for calling …             Distinct mutation accumulation rates among tissues determine the variation in cancer risk ▶     Dapeng Hao, Li Wang, Li-jun Di     Cancer is believed to be a result of accumulated mutations. However, this concept has not been fully confirmed owing to the impossibility of tracking down the ancestral somatic …             Ecological opportunity and the evolution of habitat preferences in an arid-zone bird: implications for speciation in a climate-modified landscape ▶     Janette A. Norman, Les Christidis     Bioclimatic models are widely used to investigate the impacts of climate change on species distributions. Range shifts are expected to occur as species track their current …             Analysis of spatial-temporal gene expression patterns reveals dynamics and regionalization in developing mouse brain ▶     Shen-Ju Chou, Chindi Wang, Nardnisa Sintupisut et al.     Allen Brain Atlas (ABA) provides a valuable resource of spatial/temporal gene expressions in mammalian brains. Despite rich information extracted from this database, current …             Canonical Notch signaling plays an instructive role in auditory supporting cell development ▶     Dean P. Campbell, Elena Chrysostomou, Angelika Doetzlhofer     The auditory sensory epithelium, composed of mechano-sensory hair cells (HCs) and highly specialized glial-like supporting cells (SCs), is critical for our ability to detect …             Irx3 is required for postnatal maturation of the mouse ventricular conduction system ▶     Kyoung-Han Kim, Anna Rosen, Samer M. I. Hussein et al.     The ventricular conduction system (VCS) orchestrates the harmonious contraction in every heartbeat. Defects in the VCS are often associated with life-threatening arrhythmias and …             A sex-inducing pheromone triggers cell cycle arrest and mate attraction in the diatom Seminavis robusta ▶     Sara Moeys, Johannes Frenkel, Christine Lembke et al.     Although sexual reproduction is believed to play a major role in the high diversification rates and species richness of diatoms, a mechanistic understanding of diatom life cycle …             Efficient extravasation of tumor-repopulating cells depends on cell deformability ▶     Junjian Chen, Wenwen Zhou, Qiong Jia et al.     Cancer metastasis is the most deadly stage in cancer progression. Despite significant efforts over the past decades, it remains elusive why only a very small fraction of cancer …             Characterizing the Conformational Landscape of Flavivirus Fusion Peptides via Simulation and Experiment ▶     Jan K. Marzinek, Rajamani Lakshminarayanan, Eunice Goh et al.     Conformational changes in the envelope proteins of flaviviruses help to expose the highly conserved fusion peptide (FP), a region which is critical to membrane fusion and host …             The genome sequence of the outbreeding globe artichoke constructed de novo incorporating a phase-aware low-pass sequencing strategy of F1 progeny ▶     Davide Scaglione, Sebastian Reyes-Chin-Wo, Alberto Acquadro et al.     Globe artichoke (Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus) is an out-crossing, perennial, multi-use crop species that is grown worldwide and belongs to the Compositae, one of the most …             Assessing cellular and circulating miRNA recovery: the impact of the RNA isolation method and the quantity of input material ▶     Victoria El-Khoury, Sandrine Pierson, Tony Kaoma et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising cancer biomarkers. However, exploiting their informative potential requires careful optimization of their detection. Here, we …             Which risk scenarios can drive the emergence of costly cooperation? ▶     Kristin Hagel, Maria Abou Chakra, Benedikt Bauer et al.     In collective risk dilemmas, cooperation prevents collective loss only when players contribute sufficiently. In these more complex variants of a social dilemma, the form of the …             Increased Dickkopf-1 in Recent-onset Rheumatoid Arthritis is a New Biomarker of Structural Severity. Data from the ESPOIR Cohort ▶     Raphaèle Seror, Saida Boudaoud, Stephan Pavy et al.     Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory rheumatic condition over the world. RA is potentially disabling because chronic inflammation of the joints leads …             Transcriptome assembly and expression profiling of molecular responses to cadmium toxicity in hepatopancreas of the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense ▶     Min Sun, Yi Ting Li, Yang Liu et al.     Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a serious global problem, which causes irreversible toxic effects on animals. Freshwater crab, Sinopotamon henanense, is a useful environmental …             HERG1A potassium channel is the predominant isoform in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: evidence for regulation by epigenetic mechanisms ▶     Sofía T. Menéndez, M. Ángeles Villaronga, Juan P. Rodrigo et al.     Evidences indicate that HERG1 voltage-gated potassium channel is frequently aberrantly expressed in various cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), …             Analysis of bacterial diversity in two oil blocks from two low-permeability reservoirs with high salinities ▶     Meng Xiao, Shan-Shan Sun, Zhong-Zhi Zhang et al.     The community diversities of two oil reservoirs with low permeability of 1.81 × 10−3 and 2.29 × 10−3 μm2 in Changqing, China, were investigated using a high throughput sequencing …             Millimeter-wave sensor based on a λ/2-line resonator for identification and dielectric characterization of non-ionic surfactants ▶     H. Rodilla, A. A. Kim, G. D. M. Jeffries et al.     Studies of biological and artificial membrane systems, such as niosomes, currently rely on the use of fluorescent tags, which can influence the system under investigation. For …             Heterologously-expressed and Liposome-reconstituted Human Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 4 Channel (TRPM4) is a Functional Tetramer ▶     Maryrose Constantine, Chu Kong Liew, Victor Lo et al.     Mutation, irregular expression and sustained activation of the Transient Receptor Potential Channel, type Melastatin 4 (TRPM4), have been linked to various cardiovascular …             Mesenteric IL-10-producing CD5+ regulatory B cells suppress cow’s milk casein-induced allergic responses in mice ▶     A-Ram Kim, Hyuk Soon Kim, Do Kyun Kim et al.     Food allergy is a hypersensitive immune reaction to food proteins. We have previously demonstrated the presence of IL-10-producing CD5+ B cells and suggested their potential role …             Whole-exome Sequencing Analysis Identifies Mutations in the EYS Gene in Retinitis Pigmentosa in the Indian Population ▶     Yanan Di, Lulin Huang, Periasamy Sundaresan et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a rare heterogeneous genetic retinal dystrophy disease, and despite years of research, known genetic mutations can explain only approximately 60% of …             Enantio-alteration of gene transcription associated with bioconcentration in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to chiral PCB149 ▶     Tingting Chai, Feng Cui, Pengqian Mu et al.     Enantioselective enrichment of chiral PCB149 (2,2’,3,4’,5’,6-hexachlorobiphenyl) was analysed in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to the racemate, (−)-PCB149, and (…             Microarray and whole-exome sequencing analysis of familial Behçet’s disease patients ▶     Daisuke Okuzaki, Kazuyuki Yoshizaki, Toshio Tanaka et al.     Behçet’s disease (BD), a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder, is characterized by recurrent oral and genital mucous ulcers, uveitis, and skin lesions. We performed DNA …             Plasma extracellular RNA profiles in healthy and cancer patients ▶     Tiezheng Yuan, Xiaoyi Huang, Mark Woodcock et al.     Extracellular vesicles are selectively enriched in RNA that has potential as disease biomarkers. To systemically characterize circulating extracellular RNA (exRNA) profiles, we …             Metabolomic Profiling of Mice Serum during Toxoplasmosis Progression Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ▶     Chun-Xue Zhou, Dong-Hui Zhou, Hany M. Elsheikha et al.     Better understanding of the molecular changes associated with disease is essential for identifying new routes to improved therapeutics and diagnostic tests. The aim of this study …                     Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Large-scale synthesis of hybrid metal oxides through metal redox mechanism for high-performance pseudocapacitors ▶     Zhonghua Ren, Jianpeng Li, Yaqi Ren et al.     Electrochemical performance and production cost are the main concerns for the practical application of supercapacitors. Here we report a simple and universally applicable method …             Direct Synthesis of Multicolor Fluorescent Hollow Carbon Spheres Encapsulating Enriched Carbon Dots ▶     Qiao-Ling Chen, Wen-Qing Ji, Su Chen     Multicolor fluorescent hollow carbon spheres (HCSs) are fabricated by an easy one-step route of in situ pyrolysis process with the use of natural scales and collagen powders as …             Hydrophilic Mineral Coating of Membrane Substrate for Reducing Internal Concentration Polarization (ICP) in Forward Osmosis ▶     Qing Liu, Jingguo Li, Zhengzhong Zhou et al.     Internal concentration polarization (ICP) is a major issue in forward osmosis (FO) as it can significantly reduce the water flux in FO operations. It is known that a hydrophilic …             Characterization of Adsorption Enthalpy of Novel Water-Stable Zeolites and Metal-Organic Frameworks ▶     Hyunho Kim, H. Jeremy Cho, Shankar Narayanan et al.     Water adsorption is becoming increasingly important for many applications including thermal energy storage, desalination, and water harvesting. To develop such applications, it …             A Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Lysosomal Thiols in Live Cells and Tissues ▶     Jiangli Fan, Zhichao Han, Yao Kang et al.     Lysosome-specific fluorescent probes are exclusive to elucidate the functions of lysosomal thiols. Moreover, two-photon microscopy offers advantages of less phototoxicity, better …             Synthesis and characterization of a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibition for mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid ▶     Ahmed A. Al-Amiery, Fatin A. Binti Kassim, Abdul Amir H. Kadhum et al.     The acid corrosion inhibition process of mild steel in 1 M HCl by azelaic acid dihydrazide has been investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), …             Lifetime of Ionic Vacancy Created in Redox Electrode Reaction Measured by Cyclotron MHD Electrode ▶     Atsushi Sugiyama, Ryoichi Morimoto, Tetsuya Osaka et al.     The lifetimes of ionic vacancies created in ferricyanide-ferrocyanide redox reaction have been first measured by means of cyclotron magnetohydrodynamic electrode, which is …             Dual strain mechanisms in a lead-free morphotropic phase boundary ferroelectric ▶     Julian Walker, Hugh Simons, Denis O. Alikin et al.     Electromechanical properties such as d33 and strain are significantly enhanced at morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs) between two or more different crystal structures. Many …             A novel non-fluorescent excited state intramolecular proton transfer phenomenon induced by intramolecular hydrogen bonds: an experimental and theoretical investigation ▶     Hang Yin, Hui Li, Guomin Xia et al.     Two molecules, 1-hydroxypyrene-2-carbaldehyde (HP) and 1-methoxypyrene-2-carbaldehyde (MP) were explored. We investigated their photophysical properties, using experimental …             Rational steering of insulin binding specificity by intra-chain chemical crosslinking ▶     Jitka Viková, Michaela Collinsová, Emília Kletvíková et al.     Insulin is a key hormone of human metabolism with major therapeutic importance for both types of diabetes. New insulin analogues with more physiological profiles and better …             Super Soft All-Ethylene Oxide Polymer Electrolyte for Safe All-Solid Lithium Batteries ▶     Luca Porcarelli, Claudio Gerbaldi, Federico Bella et al.     Here we demonstrate that by regulating the mobility of classic −EO− based backbones, an innovative polymer electrolyte system can be architectured. This polymer electrolyte …             Corrigendum: MoS2 Surface Structure Tailoring via Carbonaceous Promoter ▶     Yumeng Shi, Henan Li, Jen It Wong et al.                 Poly (acrylic acid sodium) grafted carboxymethyl cellulose as a high performance polymer binder for silicon anode in lithium ion batteries ▶     Liangming Wei, Changxin Chen, Zhongyu Hou et al.     The design of novel binder systems is required for the high capacity silicon (Si) anodes which usually undergo huge volume change during the charge/discharge cycling. Here, we …                       Translational Psychiatry is an online-only, open access journal exploring the translational pathway between research in neuroscience and conceptually novel treatments. The journal has an Impact Factor of 5.62. Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article.               Physical Sciences ▲ top               Direct fabrication of 3D graphene on nanoporous anodic alumina by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition ▶     Hualin Zhan, David J. Garrett, Nicholas V. Apollo et al.     High surface area electrode materials are of interest for a wide range of potential applications such as super-capacitors and electrochemical cells. This paper describes a …             Large-scale synthesis of hybrid metal oxides through metal redox mechanism for high-performance pseudocapacitors ▶     Zhonghua Ren, Jianpeng Li, Yaqi Ren et al.     Electrochemical performance and production cost are the main concerns for the practical application of supercapacitors. Here we report a simple and universally applicable method …             Anisotropic lattice response induced by a linearly-polarized femtosecond optical pulse excitation in interfacial phase change memory material ▶     Kotaro Makino, Yuta Saito, Paul Fons et al.     Optical excitation of matter with linearly-polarized femtosecond pulses creates a transient non-equilibrium lattice displacement along a certain direction. Here, the pump and …             Broadband non-reciprocal transmission of sound with invariant frequency ▶     Zhong-ming Gu, Jie Hu, Bin Liang et al.     We design and experimentally demonstrate a broadband yet compact acoustic diode (AD) by using an acoustic nonlinear material and a pair of gain and lossy materials. Due to the …             Switchable graphene-substrate coupling through formation/dissolution of an intercalated Ni-carbide layer ▶     Cristina Africh, Cinzia Cepek, Laerte L. Patera et al.     Control over the film-substrate interaction is key to the exploitation of graphene’s unique electronic properties. Typically, a buffer layer is irreversibly intercalated “from …             Controllable high-fidelity quantum state transfer and entanglement generation in circuit QED ▶     Peng Xu, Xu-Chen Yang, Feng Mei et al.     We propose a scheme to realize controllable quantum state transfer and entanglement generation among transmon qubits in the typical circuit QED setup based on adiabatic passage. …             Direct Synthesis of Multicolor Fluorescent Hollow Carbon Spheres Encapsulating Enriched Carbon Dots ▶     Qiao-Ling Chen, Wen-Qing Ji, Su Chen     Multicolor fluorescent hollow carbon spheres (HCSs) are fabricated by an easy one-step route of in situ pyrolysis process with the use of natural scales and collagen powders as …             Experimental Observation of Bohr’s Nonlinear Fluidic Surface Oscillation ▶     Songky Moon, Younghoon Shin, Hojeong Kwak et al.     Niels Bohr in the early stage of his career developed a nonlinear theory of fluidic surface oscillation in order to study surface tension of liquids. His theory includes the …             All-photonic drying and sintering process via flash white light combined with deep-UV and near-infrared irradiation for highly conductive copper nano-ink ▶     Hyun-Jun Hwang, Kyung-Hwan Oh, Hak-Sung Kim     We developed an ultra-high speed photonic sintering method involving flash white light (FWL) combined with near infrared (NIR) and deep UV light irradiation to produce highly …             Controlled growth of CH3NH3PbI3 nanowires in arrays of open nanofluidic channels ▶     Massimo Spina, Eric Bonvin, Andrzej Sienkiewicz et al.     Spatial positioning of nanocrystal building blocks on a solid surface is a prerequisite for assembling individual nanoparticles into functional devices. Here, we report on the …             Boosting spin-caloritronic effects by attractive correlations in molecular junctions ▶     Ireneusz Weymann     In nanoscopic systems quantum confinement and interference can lead to an enhancement of thermoelectric properties as compared to conventional bulk materials. For nanostructures, …             Insights into cationic ordering in Re-based double perovskite oxides ▶     Tae-Won Lim, Sung-Dae Kim, Kil-Dong Sung et al.     Cationic ordering in Sr2FeReO6 (SFRO) and Sr2CrReO6 (SCRO) is investigated using magnetic property measurement, atomic-scale imaging, and first-principles calculations. We find …             Anisotropic magnetic entropy change in RFeO3 single crystals(R = Tb, Tm, or Y) ▶     Ya-Jiao Ke, Xiang-Qun Zhang, Yue Ma et al.     Compared with traditional gas-compression/expansion refrigeration, magnetic refrigeration based on magnetocaloric effect (MCE) exhibits the advantages of high energy efficiency …             Hunting for Monolayer Oxide Nanosheets and Their Architectures ▶     Hyung-Jun Kim, Minoru Osada, Yasuo Ebina et al.     In two-dimensional materials, thickness identification with a sufficient characterization range is essential to fundamental study and practical applications. Here, we report a …             Orbital Delocalization and Enhancement of Magnetic Interactions in Perovskite Oxyhydrides ▶     Kai Liu, Yusheng Hou, Xingao Gong et al.     Recent experiments showed that some perovskite oxyhydrides have surprisingly high magnetic-transition temperature. In order to unveil the origin of this interesting phenomenon, …             Organic devices based on nickel nanowires transparent electrode ▶     Jeongmo Kim, Wilson Jose da Silva, Abd. Rashid bin Mohd Yusoff et al.     Herein, we demonstrate a facile approach to synthesize long nickel nanowires and discuss its suitability to replace our commonly used transparent electrode, indium-tin-oxide …             Hydrothermal preparation of silver telluride nanostructures and photo-catalytic investigation in degradation of toxic dyes ▶     Sousan Gholamrezaei, Masoud Salavati-Niasari, Davood Ghanbari et al.     Different morphologies of Ag2Te nanostructures were synthesized using TeCl4 as a new precursor and hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent by a hydrothermal method. Various …             Waveguide Characterization of S-Band Microwave Mantle Cloaks for Dielectric and Conducting Objects ▶     Antonino Vitiello, Massimo Moccia, Gian Paolo Papari et al.     We present the experimental characterization of mantle cloaks designed so as to minimize the electromagnetic scattering of moderately-sized dielectric and conducting cylinders at …             Exponential decay of spatial correlation in driven diffusive system: A universal feature of macroscopic homogeneous state ▶     Qing-Yi Hao, Rui Jiang, Mao-Bin Hu et al.     Driven diffusive systems have been a paradigm for modelling many physical, chemical, and biological transport processes. In the systems, spatial correlation plays an important …             Resistive Switching Memory Phenomena in PEDOT PSS: Coexistence of Switchable Diode Effect and Write Once Read Many Memory ▶     Viet Cuong Nguyen, Pooi See Lee     We study resistive switching memory phenomena in conducting polymer PEDOT PSS. In the same film, there are two types of memory behavior coexisting; namely, the switchable diode …             Targeting and retention enhancement of quantum dots decorated with amino acids in an invertebrate model organism ▶     Rui Xing, Xue-Dong Chen, Yan-Feng Zhou et al.     The use of quantum dots (QDs) in biological imaging applications and targeted drug delivery is expected to increase. However, the efficiency of QDs in drug targeting needs to be …             Automatic and objective oral cancer diagnosis by Raman spectroscopic detection of keratin with multivariate curve resolution analysis ▶     Po-Hsiung Chen, Rintaro Shimada, Sohshi Yabumoto et al.     We have developed an automatic and objective method for detecting human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues with Raman microspectroscopy. We measure 196 independent Raman …             Global effects of local food-production crises: a virtual water perspective ▶     Stefania Tamea, Francesco Laio, Luca Ridolfi     By importing food and agricultural goods, countries cope with the heterogeneous global water distribution and often rely on water resources available abroad. The virtual …             Improving sodium laser guide star brightness by polarization switching ▶     Tingwei Fan, Tianhua Zhou, Yan Feng     Optical pumping with circularly polarized light has been used to enhance the brightness of sodium laser guide star. But the benefit is reduced substantially due to the precession …             Raman fingerprint for semi-metal WTe2 evolving from bulk to monolayer ▶     Y. C. Jiang, J. Gao, L. Wang     Tungsten ditelluride (WTe2), a layered transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD), has recently demonstrated an extremely large magnetoresistance effect, which is unique among TMDs. …             Controlling condensation and frost growth with chemical micropatterns ▶     Jonathan B. Boreyko, Ryan R. Hansen, Kevin R. Murphy et al.     In-plane frost growth on chilled hydrophobic surfaces is an inter-droplet phenomenon, where frozen droplets harvest water from neighboring supercooled liquid droplets to grow ice …             Hydrophilic Mineral Coating of Membrane Substrate for Reducing Internal Concentration Polarization (ICP) in Forward Osmosis ▶     Qing Liu, Jingguo Li, Zhengzhong Zhou et al.     Internal concentration polarization (ICP) is a major issue in forward osmosis (FO) as it can significantly reduce the water flux in FO operations. It is known that a hydrophilic …             Scaling law for electrocaloric temperature change in antiferroelectrics ▶     S. Lisenkov, B. K. Mani, E. Glazkova et al.     A combination of theoretical and first-principles computational methods, along with experimental evidence from the literature, were used to predict the existence of a scaling law …             Insights into the geometries, electronic and magnetic properties of neutral and charged palladium clusters ▶     Xiaodong Xing, Andreas Hermann, Xiaoyu Kuang et al.     We performed an unbiased structure search for low-lying energetic minima of neutral and charged palladium PdnQ (n = 2–20, Q = 0, + 1 and –1) clusters using CALYPSO method in …             Three-dimensional skeleton networks of graphene wrapped polyaniline nanofibers: an excellent structure for high-performance flexible solid-state supercapacitors ▶     Nantao Hu, Liling Zhang, Chao Yang et al.     Thin, robust, lightweight, and flexible supercapacitors (SCs) have aroused growing attentions nowadays due to the rapid development of flexible electronics. Graphene-polyaniline …             Characterization of Adsorption Enthalpy of Novel Water-Stable Zeolites and Metal-Organic Frameworks ▶     Hyunho Kim, H. Jeremy Cho, Shankar Narayanan et al.     Water adsorption is becoming increasingly important for many applications including thermal energy storage, desalination, and water harvesting. To develop such applications, it …             Ringing phenomenon based whispering-gallery-mode sensing ▶     Ming-Yong Ye, Mei-Xia Shen, Xiu-Min Lin     Highly sensitive sensing is one of the most important applications of whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microresonators, which is usually accomplished through a tunable …             Growing GaN LEDs on amorphous SiC buffer with variable C/Si compositions ▶     Chih-Hsien Cheng, An-Jye Tzou, Jung-Hung Chang et al.     The epitaxy of high-power gallium nitride (GaN) light-emitting diode (LED) on amorphous silicon carbide (a-SixC1−x) buffer is demonstrated. The a-SixC1−x buffers with different …             All-optical central-frequency-programmable and bandwidth-tailorable radar ▶     Weiwen Zou, Hao Zhang, Xin Long et al.     Radar has been widely used for military, security, and rescue purposes, and modern radar should be reconfigurable at multi-bands and have programmable central frequencies and …             Ratchet transport powered by chiral active particles ▶     Bao-quan Ai     We numerically investigate the ratchet transport of mixtures of active and passive particles in a transversal asymmetric channel. A big passive particle is immersed in a ‘sea’ of …             On-chip modulation for rotating sensing of gyroscope based on ring resonator coupled with Mach-Zehnder interferometer ▶     Hao Zhang, Jiayang Chen, Junjie Jin et al.     An improving structure for resonance optical gyro inserting a Mach-Zehnder Interferomete (MZI) into coupler region between ring resonator and straight waveguide was proposed. The …             A simple and novel way of maintaining constant wall temperature in microdevices ▶     V. S. Duryodhan, Abhimanyu Singh, Shiv Govind Singh et al.     Constant wall temperature /homogeneity in wall temperature is the need of various lab-on-chip devices employed in biological and chemical investigations. However method to …             Printability of alloys for additive manufacturing ▶     T. Mukherjee, J. S. Zuback, A. De et al.     Although additive manufacturing (AM), or three dimensional (3D) printing, provides significant advantages over existing manufacturing techniques, metallic parts produced by AM …             Highly photoresponsive and wavelength-selective circularly-polarized-light detector based on metal-oxides hetero-chiral thin film ▶     Seung Hee Lee, Dhruv Pratap Singh, Ji Ho Sung et al.     A highly efficient circularly-polarized-light detector with excellent wavelength selectivity is demonstrated with an elegant and simple microelectronics-compatible way. The …             Raman and fluorescence characteristics of resonant inelastic X-ray scattering from doped superconducting cuprates ▶     H. Y. Huang, C. J. Jia, Z. Y. Chen et al.     Measurements of spin excitations are essential for an understanding of spin-mediated pairing for superconductivity; and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) provides a …             Achromatic flat optical components via compensation between structure and material dispersions ▶     Yang Li, Xiong Li, Mingbo Pu et al.     Chromatism causes great quality degradation of the imaging system, especially for diffraction imaging. The most commonly method to overcome chromatism is refractive/diffractive …             A flexible proximity sensor formed by duplex screen/screen-offset printing and its application to non-contact detection of human breathing ▶     Ken-ichi Nomura, Ryosaku Kaji, Shiro Iwata et al.     We describe a flexible capacitance-type sensor that can detect an approaching human without contact, fabricated by developing and applying duplex conductive-ink printing to a …             Threshold Dependence of Deep- and Near-subwavelength Ripples Formation on Natural MoS2 Induced by Femtosecond Laser ▶     Yusong Pan, Ming Yang, Yumei Li et al.     Deep sub-wavelength ripples (DSRs) and near sub-wavelength ripples (NSRs) with uniform periods of ~160 nm and ~660 nm generated at the MoS2-vacuum interface is reported for the …             Synthesis and characterization of a novel eco-friendly corrosion inhibition for mild steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid ▶     Ahmed A. Al-Amiery, Fatin A. Binti Kassim, Abdul Amir H. Kadhum et al.     The acid corrosion inhibition process of mild steel in 1 M HCl by azelaic acid dihydrazide has been investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), …             Magnetism and exchange interaction of small rare-earth clusters; Tb as a representative ▶     Lars Peters, Saurabh Ghosh, Biplab Sanyal et al.     Here we follow, both experimentally and theoretically, the development of magnetism in Tb clusters from the atomic limit, adding one atom at a time. The exchange interaction is, …             Comprehensive analyses of how tubule occlusion and advanced glycation end-products diminish strength of aged dentin ▶     Yuko Shinno, Takuya Ishimoto, Mitsuru Saito et al.     In clinical dentistry, since fracture is a major cause of tooth loss, better understanding of mechanical properties of teeth structures is important. Dentin, the major hard …             A Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe for Lysosomal Thiols in Live Cells and Tissues ▶     Jiangli Fan, Zhichao Han, Yao Kang et al.     Lysosome-specific fluorescent probes are exclusive to elucidate the functions of lysosomal thiols. Moreover, two-photon microscopy offers advantages of less phototoxicity, better …             From phenotype to genotype in complex brain networks ▶     Massimiliano Zanin, Marco Correia, Pedro A. C. Sousa et al.     Generative models are a popular instrument for illuminating the relationships between the hidden variables driving the growth of a complex network and its final topological …             Chimera-like States in Modular Neural Networks ▶     Johanne Hizanidis, Nikos E. Kouvaris, Zamora-López Gorka et al.     Chimera states, namely the coexistence of coherent and incoherent behavior, were previously analyzed in complex networks. However, they have not been extensively studied in …             In vivo vascularization of MSC-loaded porous hydroxyapatite constructs coated with VEGF-functionalized collagen/heparin multilayers ▶     Kai Jin, Bo Li, Lixia Lou et al.     Rapid and adequate vascularization is vital to the long-term success of porous orbital enucleation implants. In this study, porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds coated with …             Predicting DNA Methylation State of CpG Dinucleotide Using Genome Topological Features and Deep Networks ▶     Yiheng Wang, Tong Liu, Dong Xu et al.     The hypo- or hyper-methylation of the human genome is one of the epigenetic features of leukemia. However, experimental approaches have only determined the methylation state of a …             Tuning and Freezing Disorder in Photonic Crystals using Percolation Lithography ▶     Ian B. Burgess, Navid Abedzadeh, Theresa M. Kay et al.     Although common in biological systems, synthetic self-assembly routes to complex 3D photonic structures with tailored degrees of disorder remain elusive. Here we show how liquids …             Dual strain mechanisms in a lead-free morphotropic phase boundary ferroelectric ▶     Julian Walker, Hugh Simons, Denis O. Alikin et al.     Electromechanical properties such as d33 and strain are significantly enhanced at morphotropic phase boundaries (MPBs) between two or more different crystal structures. Many …             Physics of transportation: Towards optimal capacity using the multilayer network framework ▶     Wen-Bo Du, Xing-Lian Zhou, Marko Jusup et al.     Because of the critical role of transportation in modern times, one of the most successful application areas of statistical physics of complex networks is the study of traffic …             Optimization Of PVDF-TrFE Processing Conditions For The Fabrication Of Organic MEMS Resonators ▶     Pierre-Henri Ducrot, Isabelle Dufour, Cédric Ayela     This paper reports a systematic optimization of processing conditions of PVDF-TrFE piezoelectric thin films, used as integrated transducers in organic MEMS resonators. Indeed, …             Corrigendum: Thermal invisibility based on scattering cancellation and mantle cloaking ▶     M. Farhat, P.-Y. Chen, H. Bagci et al.                 Turn on the super-elastic collision nature of coronal mass ejections through low approaching speed ▶     Fang Shen, Yuming Wang, Chenglong Shen et al.     It has been proved from the observations and numerical simulations that the collision between solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs), the largest plasmoids in the heliosphere, could …             Adaptive Strategies for Materials Design using Uncertainties ▶     Prasanna V. Balachandran, Dezhen Xue, James Theiler et al.     We compare several adaptive design strategies using a data set of 223 M2AX family of compounds for which the elastic properties [bulk (B), shear (G), and Young’s (E) modulus] …             Effects of asymmetric nanostructures on the extinction difference properties of actin biomolecules and filaments ▶     E. H. Khoo, Eunice S. P. Leong, S. J. Wu et al.     In this paper, symmetric and asymmetric tapering on the arms of the gammadion nanostructure is proposed to enhance both local field distribution and extinction difference (ED). …             Permanent Rabi oscillations in coupled exciton-photon systems with PT -symmetry ▶     Igor Yu. Chestnov, Sevak S. Demirchyan, Alexander P. Alodjants et al.     We propose a physical mechanism which enables permanent Rabi oscillations in driven-dissipative condensates of exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities subjected to …             Priority Choice Experimental Two-Qubit Tomography: Measuring One by One All Elements of Density Matrices ▶     Karol Bartkiewicz, Antonín Černoch, Karel Lemr et al.     In standard optical tomographic methods, the off-diagonal elements of a density matrix ρ are measured indirectly. Thus, the reconstruction of ρ, even if it is based on linear …             Combining intra- and intermolecular charge-transfer: a new strategy towards molecular ferromagnets and multiferroics ▶     Francesco Di Maiolo, Cristina Sissa, Anna Painelli     Organic ferroelectric materials are currently a hot research topic, with mixed stack charge transfer crystals playing a prominent role with their large, electronic-in-origin …             Role of Ag2S coupling on enhancing the visible-light-induced catalytic property of TiO2 nanorod arrays ▶     Zhengcao Li, Shan Xiong, Guojing Wang et al.     In order to obtain a better photocatalytic performance under visible light, Ag2S-coupled TiO2 nanorod arrays (NRAs) were prepared through the electron beam deposition with …             Charge carrier thermalization in organic diodes ▶     N. J. van der Kaap, L. J. A. Koster     Charge carrier mobilities of organic semiconductors are often characterized using steady-state measurements of space charge limited diodes. These measurements assume that charge …             A Simple Approach for Molecular Controlled Release based on Atomic Layer Deposition Hybridized Organic-Inorganic Layers ▶     Christian Boehler, Firat Güder, Umut M. Kücükbayrak et al.     On-demand release of bioactive substances with high spatial and temporal control offers ground-breaking possibilities in the field of life sciences. However, available strategies …             A novel non-fluorescent excited state intramolecular proton transfer phenomenon induced by intramolecular hydrogen bonds: an experimental and theoretical investigation ▶     Hang Yin, Hui Li, Guomin Xia et al.     Two molecules, 1-hydroxypyrene-2-carbaldehyde (HP) and 1-methoxypyrene-2-carbaldehyde (MP) were explored. We investigated their photophysical properties, using experimental …             Novel Quantum Criticality in Two Dimensional Topological Phase transitions ▶     Gil Young Cho, Eun-Gook Moon     Topological quantum phase transitions intrinsically intertwine self-similarity and topology of many-electron wave-functions, and divining them is one of the most significant ways …             Lifetime of Ionic Vacancy Created in Redox Electrode Reaction Measured by Cyclotron MHD Electrode ▶     Atsushi Sugiyama, Ryoichi Morimoto, Tetsuya Osaka et al.     The lifetimes of ionic vacancies created in ferricyanide-ferrocyanide redox reaction have been first measured by means of cyclotron magnetohydrodynamic electrode, which is …             Unconventional Magnetism and Band Gap Formation in LiFePO4: Consequence of Polyanion Induced Non-planarity ▶     Ajit Jena, B. R. K. Nanda     Oxygen plays a critical role in strongly correlated transition metal oxides as crystal field effect is one of the key factors that determine the degree of localization of the …             Band transport across a chain of dopant sites in silicon over micron distances and high temperatures ▶     Enrico Prati, Kuninori Kumagai, Masahiro Hori et al.     Macroscopic manifestations of quantum mechanics are among the most spectacular effects of physics. In most of them, novel collective properties emerge from the quantum mechanical …             Secure Multiparty Quantum Computation for Summation and Multiplication ▶     Run-hua Shi, Yi Mu, Hong Zhong et al.     As a fundamental primitive, Secure Multiparty Summation and Multiplication can be used to build complex secure protocols for other multiparty computations, specially, numerical …             Metallic conduction induced by direct anion site doping in layered SnSe2 ▶     Sang Il Kim, Sungwoo Hwang, Se Yun Kim et al.     The emergence of metallic conduction in layered dichalcogenide semiconductor materials by chemical doping is one of key issues for two-dimensional (2D) materials engineering. At …             On-chip Microfluidic Multimodal Swimmer toward 3D Navigation ▶     Antoine Barbot, Dominique Decanini, Gilgueng Hwang     Mobile microrobots have a promising future in various applications. These include targeted drug delivery, local measurement, biopsy or microassembly. Studying mobile microrobots …             Super Soft All-Ethylene Oxide Polymer Electrolyte for Safe All-Solid Lithium Batteries ▶     Luca Porcarelli, Claudio Gerbaldi, Federico Bella et al.     Here we demonstrate that by regulating the mobility of classic −EO− based backbones, an innovative polymer electrolyte system can be architectured. This polymer electrolyte …             Revealing the Dynamics of Thylakoid Membranes in Living Cyanobacterial Cells ▶     Laura-Roxana Stingaciu, Hugh O’Neill, Michelle Liberton et al.     Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotes that make major contributions to the production of the oxygen in the Earth atmosphere. The photosynthetic machinery in cyanobacterial …             Label-free SERS study of galvanic replacement reaction on silver nanorod surface and its application to detect trace mercury ion ▶     Yaohui Wang, Guiqing Wen, Lingling Ye et al.     It is significant to explore a rapid and highly sensitive galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method for detection of trace mercury ions. …             Precisely Determining Ultralow level UO22+ in Natural Water with Plasmonic Nanowire Interstice Sensor ▶     Raekeun Gwak, Hongki Kim, Seung Min Yoo et al.     Uranium is an essential raw material in nuclear energy generation; however, its use raises concerns about the possibility of severe damage to human health and the natural …             Rational steering of insulin binding specificity by intra-chain chemical crosslinking ▶     Jitka Viková, Michaela Collinsová, Emília Kletvíková et al.     Insulin is a key hormone of human metabolism with major therapeutic importance for both types of diabetes. New insulin analogues with more physiological profiles and better …             Cochlear Outer-Hair-Cell Power Generation and Viscous Fluid Loss ▶     Yanli Wang, Charles R. Steele, Sunil Puria     Since the discovery of otoacoustic emissions and outer hair cell (OHC) motility, the fundamental question of whether the cochlea produces mechanical power remains controversial. …             Thermomechanical Behavior of Molded Metallic Glass Nanowires ▶     Daniel J. Magagnosc, Wen Chen, Golden Kumar et al.     Metallic glasses are disordered materials that offer the unique ability to perform thermoplastic forming operations at low thermal budget while preserving excellent mechanical …             Programmable SERS active substrates for chemical and biosensing applications using amorphous/crystalline hybrid silicon nanomaterial ▶     Jeffery Alexander Powell, Krishnan Venkatakrishnan, Bo Tan     We present the creation of a unique nanostructured amorphous/crystalline hybrid silicon material that exhibits surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity. This …             Strong lattice correlation of non-equilibrium quasiparticles in a pseudospin-1/2 Mott insulator Sr2IrO4 ▶     Yuelin Li, Richard D. Schaller, Mengze Zhu et al.     In correlated oxides the coupling of quasiparticles to other degrees of freedom such as spin and lattice plays critical roles in the emergence of symmetry-breaking quantum …             Emission efficiency limit of Si nanocrystals ▶     Rens Limpens, Stefan L. Luxembourg, Arthur W. Weeber et al.     One of the important obstacles on the way to application of Si nanocrystals for development of practical devices is their typically low emissivity. In this study we explore the …             Curvature-enhanced Spin-orbit Coupling and Spinterface Effect in Fullerene-based Spin Valves ▶     Shiheng Liang, Rugang Geng, Baishun Yang et al.     We investigated curvature-enhanced spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and spinterface effect in carbon-based organic spin valves (OSVs) using buckyball C60 and C70 molecules. Since the …             Charge transport through one-dimensional Moiré crystals ▶     Roméo Bonnet, Aurélien Lherbier, Clément Barraud et al.     Moiré superlattices were generated in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures and have revealed intriguing electronic structures. The appearance of mini-Dirac cones …             Corrigendum: MoS2 Surface Structure Tailoring via Carbonaceous Promoter ▶     Yumeng Shi, Henan Li, Jen It Wong et al.                 Poly (acrylic acid sodium) grafted carboxymethyl cellulose as a high performance polymer binder for silicon anode in lithium ion batteries ▶     Liangming Wei, Changxin Chen, Zhongyu Hou et al.     The design of novel binder systems is required for the high capacity silicon (Si) anodes which usually undergo huge volume change during the charge/discharge cycling. Here, we …             Non-synchronization of lattice and carrier temperatures in light-emitting diodes ▶     Jihong Zhang, Tienmo Shih, Yijun Lu et al.     Pulse implementation or switching-off (PISO) of electrical currents has become a common operation in junction-temperature (Tj) measurements for semiconductor devices since 2004. …             In-Situ High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy Investigation of Overheating of Cu Nanoparticles ▶     Chunlin Chen, Ziyu Hu, Yanfen Li et al.     Synthesizing and functionalizing metal nanoparticles supported on substrates is currently the subject of intensive study owing to their outstanding catalytic performances for …             Impact of correlated noise in an energy depot model ▶     Chunhua Zeng, Jiakui Zeng, Feng Liu et al.     Based on the depot model of the motion of active Brownian particles (ABPs), the impact of cross-correlated multiplicative and additive noises has been investigated. Using a …             Ultrashort broadband polarization beam splitter based on a combined hybrid plasmonic waveguide ▶     Ken-Wei Chang, Chia-Chien Huang     We propose an ultracompact broadband polarization beam splitter (PBS) based on a combined hybrid plasmonic waveguide (HPW). The proposed PBS separates transverse-electric (TE) …             Enhanced energy transport owing to nonlinear interface interaction ▶     Ruixia Su, Zongqiang Yuan, Jun Wang et al.     It is generally expected that the interface coupling leads to the suppression of thermal transport through coupled nanostructures due to the additional interface phonon-phonon …             Stress Induced Mechano-electrical Writing-Reading of Polymer Film Powered by Contact Electrification Mechanism ▶     Sumita Goswami, Suman Nandy, Tomás R. Calmeiro et al.     Mechano-electrical writing and reading in polyaniline (PANI) thin film are demonstrated via metal-polymer contact electrification mechanism (CEM). An innovative conception for a …             Non-Markovianity hinders Quantum Darwinism ▶     Fernando Galve, Roberta Zambrini, Sabrina Maniscalco     We investigate Quantum Darwinism and the emergence of a classical world from the quantum one in connection with the spectral properties of the environment. We use a microscopic …             Quantum Criticality in the Biased Dicke Model ▶     Hanjie Zhu, Guofeng Zhang, Heng Fan     The biased Dicke model describes a system of biased two-level atoms coupled to a bosonic field, and is expected to produce new phenomena that are not present in the original …             Epitaxial stabilization and phase instability of VO2 polymorphs ▶     Shinbuhm Lee, Ilia N. Ivanov, Jong K. Keum et al.     The VO2 polymorphs, i.e., VO2(A), VO2(B), VO2(M1) and VO2(R), have a wide spectrum of functionalities useful for many potential applications in information and energy …             Millimeter-wave sensor based on a λ/2-line resonator for identification and dielectric characterization of non-ionic surfactants ▶     H. Rodilla, A. A. Kim, G. D. M. Jeffries et al.     Studies of biological and artificial membrane systems, such as niosomes, currently rely on the use of fluorescent tags, which can influence the system under investigation. For …             Imaging and radiation effects of gold nanoparticles in tumour cells ▶     Harold N. McQuaid, Mark F. Muir, Laura E. Taggart et al.     Gold nanoparticle radiosensitization represents a novel technique in enhancement of ionising radiation dose and its effect on biological systems. Variation between theoretical …             Biophysical regulation of Chlamydia pneumoniae-infected monocyte recruitment to atherosclerotic foci ▶     Shankar J. Evani, Anand K. Ramasubramanian     Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is implicated in atherosclerosis although the contributory mechanisms are poorly understood. We hypothesize that C. pneumoniae infection favors the …             Noninvasive, Targeted, and Non-Viral Ultrasound-Mediated GDNF-Plasmid Delivery for Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Ching-Hsiang Fan, Chien-Yu Ting, Chung‐Yin Lin et al.     Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) supports the growth and survival of dopaminergic neurons. CNS gene delivery currently relies on invasive intracerebral …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Different hydrogen isotope fractionations during lipid formation in higher plants: Implications for paleohydrology reconstruction at a global scale ▶     Jinzhao Liu, Weiguo Liu, Zhisheng An et al.     Leaf wax δDn-alkane values have shown to differ significantly among plant life forms (e.g., among grasses, shrubs, and trees) in higher plants. However, the underlying causes for …             Carbon and nitrogen additions induce distinct priming effects along an organic-matter decay continuum ▶     Na Qiao, Xingliang Xu, Yuehua Hu et al.     Decomposition of organic matter (OM) in soil, affecting carbon (C) cycling and climate feedbacks, depends on microbial activities driven by C and nitrogen (N) availability. …             Accelerated soil carbon turnover under tree plantations limits soil carbon storage ▶     Guangshui Chen, Yusheng Yang, Zhijie Yang et al.     The replacement of native forests by tree plantations is increasingly common globally, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. Improving our understanding of the long-term …             Experimental evidence for drought induced alternative stable states of soil moisture ▶     David. A. Robinson, Scott B. Jones, Inma Lebron et al.     Ecosystems may exhibit alternative stable states (ASS) in response to environmental change. Modelling and observational data broadly support the theory of ASS, however evidence …             The Likelihood of Recent Record Warmth ▶     Michael E. Mann, Stefan Rahmstorf, Byron A. Steinman et al.     2014 was nominally the warmest year on record for both the globe and northern hemisphere based on historical records spanning the past one and a half centuries1,2. It was the …             Global effects of local food-production crises: a virtual water perspective ▶     Stefania Tamea, Francesco Laio, Luca Ridolfi     By importing food and agricultural goods, countries cope with the heterogeneous global water distribution and often rely on water resources available abroad. The virtual …             Atmospheric controls on the precipitation isotopes over the Andaman Islands, Bay of Bengal ▶     S. Chakraborty, N. Sinha, R. Chattopadhyay et al.     Isotopic analysis of precipitation over the Andaman Island, Bay of Bengal was carried out for the year 2012 and 2013 in order to study the atmospheric controls on rainwater …             Meristem maintenance, auxin, jasmonic and abscisic acid pathways as a mechanism for phenotypic plasticity in Antirrhinum majus ▶     Julia Weiss, Raquel Alcantud-Rodriguez, Tugba Toksöz et al.     Plants grow under climatic changing conditions that cause modifications in vegetative and reproductive development. The degree of changes in organ development i.e. its phenotypic …             Transition from freshwater to seawater reshapes the skin-associated microbiota of Atlantic salmon ▶     Jep Lokesh, Viswanath Kiron     Knowledge concerning shifts in microbiota is important in order to elucidate the perturbations in the mucosal barrier during the transitional life stages of the host. In the …             Growing sensitivity of maize to water scarcity under climate change ▶     Qingfeng Meng, Xinping Chen, David B. Lobell et al.     Climate change can reduce crop yields and thereby threaten food security. The current measures used to adapt to climate change involve avoiding crops yield decrease, however, the …             The classic EDCs, phthalate esters and organochlorines, in relation to abnormal sperm quality: a systematic review with meta-analysis ▶     Chao Wang, Lu Yang, Shu Wang et al.     The association between endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and human sperm quality is controversial due to the inconsistent literature findings, therefore, a systematic review …             Temporal Succession of Ancient Phytoplankton Community in Qinghai Lake and Implication for Paleo-environmental Change ▶     Gaoyuan Li, Hailiang Dong, Weiguo Hou et al.     Tibetan lake sediments in NW China are sensitive recorders of climate change. However, many important plankton members do not leave any microscopic features in sedimentary …             A framework for the assessment of the spatial and temporal patterns of threatened coastal delphinids ▶     Jingzhen Wang, Yingting Yang, Feng Yang et al.     The massively accelerated biodiversity loss rate in the Anthropocene calls for an efficient and effective way to identify the spatial and temporal dynamics of endangered species. …             Effect of simulated tillage on microbial autotrophic CO2 fixation in paddy and upland soils ▶     Tida Ge, Xiaohong Wu, Qiong Liu et al.     Tillage is a common agricultural practice affecting soil structure and biogeochemistry. To evaluate how tillage affects soil microbial CO2 fixation, we incubated and continuously …             Corrigendum: Reduced grazing pressure delivers production and environmental benefits for the typical steppe of north China ▶     Yingjun Zhang, Ding Huang, Warwick B. Badgery et al.                 Terpene arms race in the Seiridium cardinale – Cupressus sempervirens pathosystem ▶     Ander Achotegui-Castells, Gianni Della Rocca, Joan Llusià et al.     The canker-causing fungus Seiridium cardinale is the major threat to Cupressus sempervirens worldwide. We investigated the production of terpenes by canker-resistant and …             Reforestation in southern China: revisiting soil N mineralization and nitrification after 8 years restoration ▶     Qifeng Mo, Zhi’an Li, Weixing Zhu et al.     Nitrogen availability and tree species selection play important roles in reforestation. However, long-term field studies on the effects and mechanisms of tree species composition …             Effects of cycle duration of an external electrostatic field on anammox biomass activity ▶     Xin Yin, Sen Qiao, Jiti Zhou     In this study, the effects of different cycle durations of an external electrostatic field on an anammox biomass were investigated. The total application time per day was 12 h at …             Hydrophilic Mineral Coating of Membrane Substrate for Reducing Internal Concentration Polarization (ICP) in Forward Osmosis ▶     Qing Liu, Jingguo Li, Zhengzhong Zhou et al.     Internal concentration polarization (ICP) is a major issue in forward osmosis (FO) as it can significantly reduce the water flux in FO operations. It is known that a hydrophilic …             Effects of Chronic Low-Dose Radiation on Human Neural Progenitor Cells ▶     Mari Katsura, Hiromasa Cyou-Nakamine, Qin Zen et al.     The effects of chronic low-dose radiation on human health have not been well established. Recent studies have revealed that neural progenitor cells are present not only in the …             Ocean acidification increases cadmium accumulation in marine bivalves: a potential threat to seafood safety ▶     Wei Shi, Xinguo Zhao, Yu Han et al.     To date, the effects of ocean acidification on toxic metals accumulation and the underlying molecular mechanism remains unknown in marine bivalve species. In the present study, …             New insights into transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) formation from precursor materials at various Na+/Ca2+ ratios ▶     Shujuan Meng, Yu Liu     Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) are planktonic, organic microgels which play significant roles in cycling of carbon and trace elements, aggregation of particles, feeding …             Unique pioneer microbial communities exposed to volcanic sulfur dioxide ▶     Reiko Fujimura, Seok-Won Kim, Yoshinori Sato et al.     Newly exposed volcanic substrates contain negligible amounts of organic materials. Heterotrophic organisms in newly formed ecosystems require bioavailable carbon and nitrogen …             Tyrannosaurs as long-lived species ▶     Byung Mook Weon     Biodemographic analysis would be essential to understand population ecology and aging of tyrannosaurs. Here we address a methodology that quantifies tyrannosaur survival and …             Label-free SERS study of galvanic replacement reaction on silver nanorod surface and its application to detect trace mercury ion ▶     Yaohui Wang, Guiqing Wen, Lingling Ye et al.     It is significant to explore a rapid and highly sensitive galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method for detection of trace mercury ions. …             Toxicity of AMPA to the earthworm Eisenia andrei Bouché, 1972 in tropical artificial soil ▶     Anahí Domínguez, George Gardner Brown, Klaus Dieter Sautter et al.     Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) - one of glyphosate’s main metabolites - has been classified as persistent in soils, raising concern regarding the widespread use of glyphosate …             The Dilemma of Derelict Gear ▶     A. M. Scheld, D. M. Bilkovic, K. J. Havens     Every year, millions of pots and traps are lost in crustacean fisheries around the world. Derelict fishing gear has been found to produce several harmful environmental and …             Precisely Determining Ultralow level UO22+ in Natural Water with Plasmonic Nanowire Interstice Sensor ▶     Raekeun Gwak, Hongki Kim, Seung Min Yoo et al.     Uranium is an essential raw material in nuclear energy generation; however, its use raises concerns about the possibility of severe damage to human health and the natural …             Cd(II) Sorption on Montmorillonite-Humic acid-Bacteria Composites ▶     Huihui Du, Wenli Chen, Peng Cai et al.     Soil components (e.g., clays, bacteria and humic substances) are known to produce mineral-organic composites in natural systems. Herein, batch sorption isotherms, isothermal …             Increasing aridity, temperature and soil pH induce soil C-N-P imbalance in grasslands ▶     Feng Jiao, Xin-Rong Shi, Feng-Peng Han et al.     Due to the different degrees of controls exerted by biological and geochemical processes, climate changes are suggested to uncouple biogeochemical C, N and P cycles, influencing …             Temporal aspects of air pollutant measures in epidemiologic analysis: a simulation study ▶     Laura F White, Jeffrey Yu, Michael Jerrett et al.     Numerous observational studies have assessed the association between ambient air pollution and chronic disease incidence, but there is no uniform approach to create an exposure …             Polyhydroxyalkanoates in waste activated sludge enhances anaerobic methane production through improving biochemical methane potential instead of hydrolysis rate ▶     Qilin Wang, Jing Sun, Chang Zhang et al.     Anaerobic sludge digestion is the main technology for sludge reduction and stabilization prior to sludge disposal. Nevertheless, methane production from anaerobic digestion of …             First freshwater coralline alga and the role of local features in a major biome transition ▶     A. Žuljević, S. Kaleb, V. Peña et al.     Coralline red algae are significant components of sea bottom and up to now considered as exclusively marine species. Here we present the first coralline alga from a freshwater …             Long term repeated fire disturbance alters soil bacterial diversity but not the abundance in an Australian wet sclerophyll forest ▶     Ju-pei Shen, C. R. Chen, Tom Lewis     Effects of fire on biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystem are widely acknowledged, while few studies have focused on the bacterial community under the disturbance of …             The role of off-equatorial surface temperature anomalies in the 2014 El Niño prediction ▶     Jieshun Zhu, Arun Kumar, Bohua Huang et al.     The 2014 El Niño, anticipated to be a strong event in early 2014, turned out to be fairly weak. In early 2014, the tropical Pacific exhibited persistent negative SST anomalies in …             Experimental investigation of geochemical and mineralogical effects of CO2 sequestration on flow characteristics of reservoir rock in deep saline aquifers ▶     T. D. Rathnaweera, P. G. Ranjith, M. S. A. Perera     Interactions between injected CO2, brine, and rock during CO2 sequestration in deep saline aquifers alter their natural hydro-mechanical properties, affecting the safety, and …             Which risk scenarios can drive the emergence of costly cooperation? ▶     Kristin Hagel, Maria Abou Chakra, Benedikt Bauer et al.     In collective risk dilemmas, cooperation prevents collective loss only when players contribute sufficiently. In these more complex variants of a social dilemma, the form of the …             Analysis of bacterial diversity in two oil blocks from two low-permeability reservoirs with high salinities ▶     Meng Xiao, Shan-Shan Sun, Zhong-Zhi Zhang et al.     The community diversities of two oil reservoirs with low permeability of 1.81 × 10−3 and 2.29 × 10−3 μm2 in Changqing, China, were investigated using a high throughput sequencing …             Enantio-alteration of gene transcription associated with bioconcentration in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to chiral PCB149 ▶     Tingting Chai, Feng Cui, Pengqian Mu et al.     Enantioselective enrichment of chiral PCB149 (2,2’,3,4’,5’,6-hexachlorobiphenyl) was analysed in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) exposed to the racemate, (−)-PCB149, and (…             Transcriptome assembly and expression profiling of molecular responses to cadmium toxicity in hepatopancreas of the freshwater crab Sinopotamon henanense ▶     Min Sun, Yi Ting Li, Yang Liu et al.     Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a serious global problem, which causes irreversible toxic effects on animals. Freshwater crab, Sinopotamon henanense, is a useful environmental …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Barbed versus traditional sutures for wound closure in knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Wei Zhang, Deting Xue, Houfa Yin et al.     Sutures are an increasing focus of research in knee arthroplasty (KA). Whether knotless barbed sutures (KBS) are safe and efficient in KA remains controversial. The objective of …             Involvement of MicroRNA-210 Demethylation in Steroid-associated Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head ▶     Heng-feng Yuan, Von Roemeling Christina, Chang-an Guo et al.     Angiogenesis is an important event in steroid-associated osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH). Here we performed miRNA microarray with SONFH tissues (ONs) and the adjacent …             Semantic interrogation of a multi knowledge domain ontological model of tendinopathy identifies four strong candidate risk genes ▶     Colleen J. Saunders, Mahjoubeh Jalali Sefid Dashti, Junaid Gamieldien     Tendinopathy is a multifactorial syndrome characterised by tendon pain and thickening, and impaired performance during activity. Candidate gene association studies have …             Diagnostic value of thyroid transcription factor-1 for pleural or other serous metastases of pulmonary adenocarcinoma: a meta-analysis ▶     Yongchun Shen, Caishuang Pang, Konglong Shen et al.     The role of thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) in the diagnosis of metastatic pulmonary adenocarcinomas in pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal effusions has not been …             Circulating Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Is A Sensitive Biomarker for Severe Ischemia/reperfusion Injury in Patients with Liver Transplantation ▶     Dewei Ye, Huating Li, Yudong Wang et al.     Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after liver surgery. Therefore, it is important to identity reliable biomarkers to assist …             Association between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Cognitive Impairment in a Chinese Stroke Population: A Cross-sectional Study ▶     Wei Yue, Anxin Wang, Hui Liang et al.     This study aimed to investigate the potential associations between carotid intima-media thickness and cognitive impairment among patients with acute ischemic stroke and to …             Panel-based NGS Reveals Novel Pathogenic Mutations in Autosomal Recessive Retinitis Pigmentosa ▶     Raquel Perez-Carro, Marta Corton, Iker Sánchez-Navarro et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited progressive retinal dystrophies (RD) characterized by photoreceptor degeneration. RP is highly heterogeneous both clinically and …             Increased intake of vegetables, but not fruits, may be associated with reduced risk of hip fracture: A meta-analysis ▶     Si yang Luo, Yan Li, Hong Luo et al.     Association between dietary intake of vegetables and fruits and risk of hip fracture has been reported for many years. However, the findings remain inconclusive. We conducted a …             A Bayesian framework systematic review and meta-analysis of anesthetic agents effectiveness/tolerability profile in electroconvulsive therapy for major depression ▶     Guillaume Fond, Djamila Bennabi, Emmanuel Haffen et al.     The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability/acceptability of 6 anesthetic agents in ECT for depressive disorders. We systematically reviewed 14 double-blind …             Mesenchymal stem cells maintain their defining stem cell characteristics after treatment with cisplatin ▶     Nils H. Nicolay, Ramon Lopez Perez, Alexander Rühle et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) aid the regeneration of tissues damaged by treatment with cisplatin. However, the effects of this cytotoxic drug on the stem cells have been largely …             Phenotypic Characterization Analysis of Human Hepatocarcinoma by Urine Metabolomics Approach ▶     Qun Liang, Han Liu, Cong Wang et al.     Hepatocarcinoma (HCC) is one of the deadliest cancers in the world and represents a significant disease burden. Better biomarkers are needed for early detection of HCC. …             Blocking protein phosphatase 2A signaling prevents endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis: a peptide-based drug therapy ▶     Yuanjun Deng, Yanyan Guo, Ping Liu et al.     Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) contributes to the emergence of fibroblasts and plays a significant role in renal interstitial fibrosis. Protein phosphatase 2A …             Developmental trajectories of body mass index and emotional-behavioral functioning of underweight children: A longitudinal study ▶     Silvia Cimino, Luca Cerniglia, Carlos A. Almenara et al.     Although several studies have addressed developmental trajectories from childhood to adolescence of internalizing/externalizing problems, limited attention has been given to …             Nimbolide inhibits pancreatic cancer growth and metastasis through ROS-mediated apoptosis and inhibition of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ▶     Ramadevi Subramani, Elizabeth Gonzalez, Arunkumar Arumugam et al.     The mortality and morbidity rates of pancreatic cancer are high because of its extremely invasive and metastatic nature. Its lack of symptoms, late diagnosis and chemo–resistance …             Hemispheric Asymmetry of Endogenous Neural Oscillations in Young Children: Implications for Hearing Speech In Noise ▶     Elaine C. Thompson, Kali Woodruff Carr, Travis White-Schwoch et al.     Speech signals contain information in hierarchical time scales, ranging from short-duration (e.g., phonemes) to long-duration cues (e.g., syllables, prosody). A theoretical …             Sexual Conspecific Aggressive Response (SCAR): A Model of Sexual Trauma that Disrupts Maternal Learning and Plasticity in the Female Brain ▶     Tracey J. Shors, Krishna Tobόn, Gina DiFeo et al.     Sexual aggression can disrupt processes related to learning as females emerge from puberty into young adulthood. To model these experiences in laboratory studies, we developed …             The classic EDCs, phthalate esters and organochlorines, in relation to abnormal sperm quality: a systematic review with meta-analysis ▶     Chao Wang, Lu Yang, Shu Wang et al.     The association between endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and human sperm quality is controversial due to the inconsistent literature findings, therefore, a systematic review …             Effects of acute critical illnesses on the performance of interferon-gamma release assay ▶     Chun-Ta Huang, Sheng-Yuan Ruan, Yi-Ju Tsai et al.     Performance of interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) is influenced by preanalytical, laboratory and host factors. The data regarding how critical illnesses influence IGRA …             AMPK Suppresses Connexin43 Expression in the Bladder and Ameliorates Voiding Dysfunction in Cyclophosphamide-induced Mouse Cystitis ▶     Xiling Zhang, Jian Yao, Kun Gao et al.     Bladder voiding dysfunction is closely related to local oxidation, inflammation, and enhanced channel activities. Given that the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) has …             Loss of CAR promotes migration and proliferation of HaCaT cells, and accelerates wound healing in rats via Src-p38 MAPK pathway ▶     Linlin Su, Lanqing Fu, Xiaodong Li et al.     The coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a cell adhesion molecule mostly localized to cell-cell contacts in epithelial and endothelial cells. CAR is known to regulate tumor …             Microbubble-mediated ultrasound promotes accumulation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell to the prostate for treating chronic bacterial prostatitis in rats ▶     Shanhong Yi, Guangwei Han, Yonggang Shang et al.     Chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP) is an intractable disease. Although bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) are able to regulate inflammation in CBP, the effect of …             Visceral fat dysfunction is positively associated with hypogonadism in Chinese men ▶     Ningjian Wang, Hualing Zhai, Bing Han et al.     Visceral adiposity index (VAI) well mirrors visceral fat dysfunction. No study explored the association between low androgen and VAI. We aimed to determine whether VAI was …             Inhibition of Inflammation and iNOS Improves Lymphatic Function in Obesity ▶     Jeremy S. Torrisi, Geoffrey E. Hespe, Daniel A. Cuzzone et al.     Although recent studies have shown that obesity decreases lymphatic function, the cellular mechanisms regulating this response remain unknown. In the current study, we show that …             Non-invasive Imaging of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Using Cathepsin Protease Probes ▶     Nimali P. Withana, Xiaowei Ma, Helen M. McGuire et al.     Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal, chronic, progressive disease characterized by formation of scar tissue within the lungs. Because it is a disease of unknown …             The clinicopathological significance of FHIT hypermethylation in non-small cell lung cancer, a meta-analysis and literature review ▶     Wei Yan, Ning Xu, Xiang Han et al.     Emerging evidence indicates that FHIT is a candidate tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the correlation between FHIT hypermethylation and …             Association of toll-like receptor 3 polymorphism rs3775291 with age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Li Ma, Fang Yao Tang, Wai Kit Chu et al.     Association of a polymorphism rs3775291 in the toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) gene with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) had been investigated intensively, with variable …             Authentic role of ATP signaling in micturition reflex ▶     Kentaro Takezawa, Makoto Kondo, Hiroshi Kiuchi et al.     Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a signaling molecule that regulates cellular processes. Based on previous studies of bladder function over the past decade, bladder ATP signaling …             Hypoxia-inducible miR-210 contributes to preeclampsia via targeting thrombospondin type I domain containing 7A ▶     Rongcan Luo, Yongqing Wang, Peng Xu et al.     Preeclampsia, a relatively common pregnancy disorder, is a major contributor to maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. An elevation in microRNA-210 (miR-210) expression in …             IL-10-produced by human transitional B-cells down-regulates CD86 expression on B-cells leading to inhibition of CD4+T-cell responses ▶     Estefania Nova-Lamperti, Giorgia Fanelli, Pablo D. Becker et al.     A novel subset of human regulatory B-cells has recently been described. They arise from within the transitional B-cell subpopulation and are characterised by the production of …             Methadone-induced Damage to White Matter Integrity in Methadone Maintenance Patients: A Longitudinal Self-control DTI Study ▶     Wei Li, Qiang Li, Yarong Wang et al.     Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) can induce impairments in brain function and structure, despite its clinical effectiveness. However, the effect of chronic MMT on brain …             Comparative proteomics reveals abnormal binding of ATGL and dysferlin on lipid droplets from pressure overload-induced dysfunctional rat hearts ▶     Linghai Li, Huina Zhang, Weiyi Wang et al.     Excessive retention of neutral lipids in cardiac lipid droplets (LDs) is a common observation in cardiomyopathy. Thus, the systematic investigation of the cardiac LD proteome …             Obesity is associated with changes in oxysterol metabolism and levels in mice liver, hypothalamus, adipose tissue and plasma ▶     Owein Guillemot-Legris, Valentin Mutemberezi, Patrice D. Cani et al.     Oxysterols are bioactive lipids derived from cholesterol that are linked to inflammatory processes. Because obesity and metabolic syndrome are characterized by inflammation and …             Hypertension associated with venous thromboembolism in patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer ▶     Yuhui Zhang, Yuanhua Yang, Wenhui Chen et al.     The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and the occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with lung …             Lactate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (LATEST) Imaging in vivo A Biomarker for LDH Activity ▶     Catherine DeBrosse, Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga, Puneet Bagga et al.     Non-invasive imaging of lactate is of enormous significance in cancer and metabolic disorders where glycolysis dominates. Here, for the first time, we describe a chemical …             Effects of Chronic Low-Dose Radiation on Human Neural Progenitor Cells ▶     Mari Katsura, Hiromasa Cyou-Nakamine, Qin Zen et al.     The effects of chronic low-dose radiation on human health have not been well established. Recent studies have revealed that neural progenitor cells are present not only in the …             An endometrial gene expression signature accurately predicts recurrent implantation failure after IVF ▶     Yvonne E. M. Koot, Sander R. van Hooff, Carolien M. Boomsma et al.     The primary limiting factor for effective IVF treatment is successful embryo implantation. Recurrent implantation failure (RIF) is a condition whereby couples fail to achieve …             In vivo vascularization of MSC-loaded porous hydroxyapatite constructs coated with VEGF-functionalized collagen/heparin multilayers ▶     Kai Jin, Bo Li, Lixia Lou et al.     Rapid and adequate vascularization is vital to the long-term success of porous orbital enucleation implants. In this study, porous hydroxyapatite (HA) scaffolds coated with …             Effects of aerobic exercise on ectopic lipids in patients with growth hormone deficiency before and after growth hormone replacement therapy ▶     Emanuel R. Christ, Andrea Egger, Sabin Allemann et al.     Growth hormone replacement therapy (GHRT) increases exercise capacity and insulin resistance while it decreases fat mass in growth hormone-deficient patients (GHD). Ectopic …             Positive changes in ideal CVH metrics reduce the incidence of stroke ▶     Xiaomeng Yang, Anxin Wang, Xiaoxue Liu et al.     The American Heart Association defined 7 ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics and the benefits of them in reducing the incidence of stroke are well established, but it is …             Early Results of Clinical Application of Autologous Whole Bone Marrow Stem Cell Transplantation for Critical Limb Ischemia with Buerger’s Disease ▶     Seon-Hee Heo, Yoong-Seok Park, Eun-Suk Kang et al.     Our goal was to evaluate early results of the clinical application of autologous whole bone marrow stem cell transplantation (AWBMSCT) for critical limb ischemia (CLI) in …             Different human vaccine adjuvants promote distinct antigen-independent immunological signatures tailored to different pathogens ▶     Niels Peter H. Knudsen, Anja Olsen, Cecilia Buonsanti et al.     The majority of vaccine candidates in clinical development are highly purified proteins and peptides relying on adjuvants to enhance and/or direct immune responses. Despite the …             A Nonsynonymous FCER1B SNP is Associated with Risk of Developing Allergic Rhinitis and with IgE Levels ▶     Gemma Amo, Jesús García-Menaya, Paloma Campo et al.     Allergic rhinitis is associated with elevated serum IgE levels. IgE response is mediated by the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI), which is polymorphic. Studies analyzing the …             Acupuncture promotes mTOR-independent autophagic clearance of aggregation-prone proteins in mouse brain ▶     Tian Tian, Yanhong Sun, Huangan Wu et al.     Acupuncture has historically been practiced to treat medical disorders by mechanically stimulating specific acupoints with fine needles. Despite its well-documented efficacy, its …             Temporal aspects of air pollutant measures in epidemiologic analysis: a simulation study ▶     Laura F White, Jeffrey Yu, Michael Jerrett et al.     Numerous observational studies have assessed the association between ambient air pollution and chronic disease incidence, but there is no uniform approach to create an exposure …             Tubastatin A, an HDAC6 inhibitor, alleviates stroke-induced brain infarction and functional deficits: potential roles of α-tubulin acetylation and FGF-21 up-regulation ▶     Zhifei Wang, Yan Leng, Junyu Wang et al.     Histone deacetylase (HDAC) 6 exists exclusively in cytoplasm and deacetylates cytoplasmic proteins such as α-tubulin. HDAC6 dysfunction is associated with several pathological …             Multinucleation and Polykaryon Formation is Promoted by the EhPC4 Transcription Factor in Entamoeba histolytica ▶     Olga Hernández de la Cruz, Laurence A. Marchat, Nancy Guillén et al.     Entamoeba histolytica is the intestinal parasite responsible for human amoebiasis that is a leading cause of death in developing countries. In this protozoan, heterogeneity in …             The role of mesenchymal stem cells in promoting the transformation of androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cells into androgen-independent manner ▶     Jiwen Cheng, Keqin Yang, Qingyun Zhang et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play an important role in the development of human prostate cancer (PCa). However, the role of MSCs in the transformation of androgen-dependent …             Notch1 deficiency decreases hepatic lipid accumulation by induction of fatty acid oxidation ▶     No-Joon Song, Ui Jeong Yun, Sunghee Yang et al.     Notch signaling pathways modulate various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and communication. Recent studies have demonstrated that …             Skeletal muscle mass adjusted by height correlated better with muscular functions than that adjusted by body weight in defining sarcopenia ▶     Der-Sheng Han, Ke-Vin Chang, Chia-Ming Li et al.     Sarcopenia, characterized by low muscle mass and function, results in frailty, comorbidities and mortality. However, its prevalence varies according to the different criteria …             Corrigendum: Bilirubin Increases Insulin Sensitivity by Regulating Cholesterol Metabolism, Adipokines and PPARγ Levels ▶     Jinfeng Liu, Huansheng Dong, Yong Zhang et al.                 Pilot study of a rapid and minimally instrumented sputum sample preparation method for molecular diagnosis of tuberculosis ▶     Tanya M. Ferguson, Kris M. Weigel, Annie Lakey Becker et al.     Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) enables rapid and sensitive diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), which facilitates treatment and mitigates transmission. Nucleic acid …             Typical food portion sizes consumed by Australian adults: results from the 2011–12 Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey ▶     Miaobing Zheng, Jason H Y Wu, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie et al.     Considerable evidence has associated increasing portion sizes with elevated obesity prevalence. This study examines typical portion sizes of commonly consumed core and …             Assessing the utility of Xpert® MTB/RIF as a screening tool for patients admitted to medical wards in South Africa ▶     Christine L. Heidebrecht, Laura J. Podewils, Alexander S. Pym et al.     Many hospital inpatients in South Africa have undiagnosed active and drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Early detection of TB is essential to inform immediate infection control …             Extracellular Tau Oligomers Produce An Immediate Impairment of LTP and Memory ▶     M. Fá, D. Puzzo, R. Piacentini et al.     Non-fibrillar soluble oligomeric forms of amyloid-β peptide (oAβ) and tau proteins are likely to play a major role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The prevailing hypothesis on the …             Colorectal Cancer Screening Programme in Spain: Results of Key Performance Indicators After Five Rounds (2000–2012) ▶     Gemma Binefa, Montse Garcia, Núria Milà et al.     Effective quality assurance is essential in any screening programme. This article provides a unique insight into key quality indicators of five rounds of the first …             Plasma extracellular RNA profiles in healthy and cancer patients ▶     Tiezheng Yuan, Xiaoyi Huang, Mark Woodcock et al.     Extracellular vesicles are selectively enriched in RNA that has potential as disease biomarkers. To systemically characterize circulating extracellular RNA (exRNA) profiles, we …             Noninvasive, Targeted, and Non-Viral Ultrasound-Mediated GDNF-Plasmid Delivery for Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Ching-Hsiang Fan, Chien-Yu Ting, Chung‐Yin Lin et al.     Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) supports the growth and survival of dopaminergic neurons. CNS gene delivery currently relies on invasive intracerebral …             Whole-exome Sequencing Analysis Identifies Mutations in the EYS Gene in Retinitis Pigmentosa in the Indian Population ▶     Yanan Di, Lulin Huang, Periasamy Sundaresan et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a rare heterogeneous genetic retinal dystrophy disease, and despite years of research, known genetic mutations can explain only approximately 60% of …             Phenotypic characterization of nanshi oral liquid alters metabolic signatures during disease prevention ▶     Aihua Zhang, Qi Liu, Hongwei Zhao et al.     This paper was designed to investigate the phenotypic characterization of Nanshi Oral Liquid (NOL) alters metabolic signatures of the ‘Kidney Yang Deficiency syndrome’ (KYDS). Ur…             Acupuncture for neurogenesis in experimental ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Lin Lu, Xiao-guang Zhang, Linda L.D. Zhong et al.     Acupuncture has been used for patients with stroke and post-stroke rehabilitation for thousands of years. Previous studies reported that acupuncture enhanced stroke recovery …             Selenium Exposure and Cancer Risk: an Updated Meta-analysis and Meta-regression ▶     Xianlei Cai, Chen Wang, Wanqi Yu et al.     The objective of this study was to investigate the associations between selenium exposure and cancer risk. We identified 69 studies and applied meta-analysis, meta-regression and …             Microarray and whole-exome sequencing analysis of familial Behçet’s disease patients ▶     Daisuke Okuzaki, Kazuyuki Yoshizaki, Toshio Tanaka et al.     Behçet’s disease (BD), a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder, is characterized by recurrent oral and genital mucous ulcers, uveitis, and skin lesions. We performed DNA …             Increased Dickkopf-1 in Recent-onset Rheumatoid Arthritis is a New Biomarker of Structural Severity. Data from the ESPOIR Cohort ▶     Raphaèle Seror, Saida Boudaoud, Stephan Pavy et al.     Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic inflammatory rheumatic condition over the world. RA is potentially disabling because chronic inflammation of the joints leads …             Biophysical regulation of Chlamydia pneumoniae-infected monocyte recruitment to atherosclerotic foci ▶     Shankar J. Evani, Anand K. Ramasubramanian     Chlamydia pneumoniae infection is implicated in atherosclerosis although the contributory mechanisms are poorly understood. We hypothesize that C. pneumoniae infection favors the …             Mesenteric IL-10-producing CD5+ regulatory B cells suppress cow’s milk casein-induced allergic responses in mice ▶     A-Ram Kim, Hyuk Soon Kim, Do Kyun Kim et al.     Food allergy is a hypersensitive immune reaction to food proteins. We have previously demonstrated the presence of IL-10-producing CD5+ B cells and suggested their potential role …             Heterologously-expressed and Liposome-reconstituted Human Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 4 Channel (TRPM4) is a Functional Tetramer ▶     Maryrose Constantine, Chu Kong Liew, Victor Lo et al.     Mutation, irregular expression and sustained activation of the Transient Receptor Potential Channel, type Melastatin 4 (TRPM4), have been linked to various cardiovascular …             HERG1A potassium channel is the predominant isoform in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: evidence for regulation by epigenetic mechanisms ▶     Sofía T. Menéndez, M. Ángeles Villaronga, Juan P. Rodrigo et al.     Evidences indicate that HERG1 voltage-gated potassium channel is frequently aberrantly expressed in various cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), …             Genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new loci for waist-hip ratio and waist circumference ▶     Wanqing Wen, Norihiro Kato, Joo-Yeon Hwang et al.     Sixty genetic loci associated with abdominal obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), have been previously identified, primarily from studies …             Metabolomic Profiling of Mice Serum during Toxoplasmosis Progression Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ▶     Chun-Xue Zhou, Dong-Hui Zhou, Hany M. Elsheikha et al.     Better understanding of the molecular changes associated with disease is essential for identifying new routes to improved therapeutics and diagnostic tests. The aim of this study …             Why I tense up when you watch me: Inferior parietal cortex mediates an audience’s influence on motor performance ▶     Michiko Yoshie, Yoko Nagai, Hugo D. Critchley et al.     The presence of an evaluative audience can alter skilled motor performance through changes in force output. To investigate how this is mediated within the brain, we emulated …             Efficient extravasation of tumor-repopulating cells depends on cell deformability ▶     Junjian Chen, Wenwen Zhou, Qiong Jia et al.     Cancer metastasis is the most deadly stage in cancer progression. Despite significant efforts over the past decades, it remains elusive why only a very small fraction of cancer …             Assessing cellular and circulating miRNA recovery: the impact of the RNA isolation method and the quantity of input material ▶     Victoria El-Khoury, Sandrine Pierson, Tony Kaoma et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising cancer biomarkers. 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