Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 19 April 2016

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19 April 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Biological Sciences               Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis reveals correlation between higher WRKY61 expression and reduced symptom severity in Turnip crinkle virus infected Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Ruimin Gao, Peng Liu, Yuhan Yong et al.     Turnip crinkle virus (TCV) is a carmovirus that infects many Arabidopsis ecotypes. Most studies mainly focused on discovery of resistance genes against TCV infection, and there …             Control of complex networks requires both structure and dynamics ▶     Alexander J. Gates, Luis M. Rocha     The study of network structure has uncovered signatures of the organization of complex systems. However, there is also a need to understand how to control them; for example, …             Expression of Active Fluorophore Proteins in the Milk of Transgenic Pigs Bypassing the Secretory Pathway ▶     Ayan Mukherjee, Wiebke Garrels, Thirumala R. Talluri et al.     We describe the expression of recombinant fluorescent proteins in the milk of two lines of transgenic pigs generated by Sleeping Beauty transposon-mediated genetic engineering. …             The reproductive tracts of two malaria vectors are populated by a core microbiome and by gender- and swarm-enriched microbial biomarkers ▶     Nicola Segata, Francesco Baldini, Julien Pompon et al.     Microbes play key roles in shaping the physiology of insects and can influence behavior, reproduction and susceptibility to pathogens. In Sub-Saharan Africa, two major malaria …             Improved emotional conflict control triggered by the processing priority of negative emotion ▶     Qian Yang, Xiangpeng Wang, Shouhang Yin et al.     The prefrontal cortex is responsible for emotional conflict resolution, and this control mechanism is affected by the emotional valence of distracting stimuli. In the present …             Standard melanoma-associated markers do not identify the MM127 metastatic melanoma cell line ▶     Parvathi Haridas, Jacqui A. McGovern, Abhishek S. Kashyap et al.     Reliable identification of different melanoma cell lines is important for many aspects of melanoma research. Common markers used to identify melanoma cell lines include: S100; …             Distinct stress conditions result in aggregation of proteins with similar properties ▶     Alan J. Weids, Sebastian Ibstedt, Markus J. Tamás et al.     Protein aggregation is the abnormal association of proteins into larger aggregate structures which tend to be insoluble. This occurs during normal physiological conditions and in …             Genetic dissection of independent and cooperative transcriptional activation by the LysR-type activator ThnR at close divergent promoters ▶     Elena Rivas-Marín, Belén Floriano, Eduardo Santero     Regulation of tetralin biodegradation operons is one of the examples of unconventional LysR-type mediated transcriptional regulation. ThnR activates transcription from two …             Reduced costs of reproduction in females mediate a shift from a male-biased to a female-biased lifespan in humans ▶     Elisabeth Bolund, Virpi Lummaa, Ken R. Smith et al.     The causes underlying sex differences in lifespan are strongly debated. While females commonly outlive males in humans, this is generally less pronounced in societies before the …             Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor for Detection of Nuclear Matrix Protein-22 based on NH2-SAPO-34 Supported Pd/Co Nanoparticles ▶     Dan Wu, Yaoguang Wang, Yong Zhang et al.     A novel sandwich-type electrochemical immunosensor using the new amino group functionalized silicoaluminophosphates molecular sieves (NH2-SAPO-34) supported Pd/Co nanoparticles …             Male coercive mating in externally fertilizing species: male coercion, female reluctance and explanation for female acceptance ▶     Yukio Matsumoto, Takeshi Takegaki     Male coercive mating exerts a strong evolutionary pressure on mating-related traits of both sexes. However, it is extremely rare in externally fertilizing species probably …             Altered Mucosal Microbiome Diversity and Disease Severity in Sjögren Syndrome ▶     Cintia S. de Paiva, Dan B. Jones, Michael E. Stern et al.     There is mounting evidence that the microbiome has potent immunoregulatory functions. We assessed the effects of intestinal dysbiosis in a model of Sjögren syndrome (SS) by …             Intensity interrogation near cutoff resonance for label-free cellular profiling ▶     Yousef Nazirizadeh, Volker Behrends, Aurél Prósz et al.     We report a method enabling intensity-based readout for label-free cellular assays, and realize a reader device with the same footprint as a microtiter plate. For unambiguous …             Short-term mindfulness intervention reduces the negative attentional effects associated with heavy media multitasking ▶     Thomas E. Gorman, C. Shawn Green     Recent research suggests that frequently switching between various forms of media (i.e. ‘media multitasking’) is associated with diminished attentional abilities, a disconcerting …             Galectin-1 dimers can scaffold Raf-effectors to increase H-ras nanoclustering ▶     Olga Blaževitš, Yonatan G. Mideksa, Maja Šolman et al.     Galectin-1 (Gal-1) dimers crosslink carbohydrates on cell surface receptors. Carbohydrate-derived inhibitors have been developed for cancer treatment. Intracellularly, Gal-1 was …             The selective sigma-1 receptor antagonist E-52862 attenuates neuropathic pain of different aetiology in rats ▶     Georgia Gris, Enrique Portillo-Salido, Bertrand Aubel et al.     E-52862 is a selective σ1R antagonist currently undergoing phase II clinical trials for neuropathic pain and represents a potential first-in-class analgesic. Here, we …             Lymphatic transport of exosomes as a rapid route of information dissemination to the lymph node ▶     Swetha Srinivasan, Fredrik O. Vannberg, J. Brandon Dixon     It is well documented that cells secrete exosomes, which can transfer biomolecules that impact recipient cells’ functionality in a variety of physiologic and disease processes. …             Low-density lipoprotein mimics blood plasma-derived exosomes and microvesicles during isolation and detection ▶     Barbara W Sódar, Ágnes Kittel, Krisztina Pálóczi et al.     Circulating extracellular vesicles have emerged as potential new biomarkers in a wide variety of diseases. Despite the increasing interest, their isolation and purification from …             MNK1 and MNK2 mediate adverse effects of high-fat feeding in distinct ways ▶     C. E. J. Moore, J. Pickford, F. R. Cagampang et al.     The MAP kinase-interacting kinases (MNK1 and MNK2) are non-essential enzymes which are activated by MAP kinases. They are implicated in controlling protein synthesis. Here we …             Divergence of RNA polymerase α subunits in angiosperm plastid genomes is mediated by genomic rearrangement ▶     J. Chris Blazier, Tracey A. Ruhlman, Mao-Lun Weng et al.     Genes for the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) persist in the plastid genomes of all photosynthetic angiosperms. However, three unrelated lineages (Annonaceae, Passifloraceae …             Fine-tuning of macrophage activation using synthetic rocaglate derivatives ▶     Bidisha Bhattacharya, Sujoy Chatterjee, William G. Devine et al.     Drug-resistant bacteria represent a significant global threat. Given the dearth of new antibiotics, host-directed therapies (HDTs) are especially desirable. As IFN-gamma (IFNγ) …             Crypt cells are involved in kin recognition in larval zebrafish ▶     Daniela Biechl, Kristin Tietje, Gabriele Gerlach et al.     Zebrafish larvae imprint on visual and olfactory kin cues at day 5 and 6 postfertilization, respectively, resulting in kin recognition later in life. Exposure to non-kin cues …             Regulatory mechanisms link phenotypic plasticity to evolvability ▶     Jordi van Gestel, Franz J. Weissing     Organisms have a remarkable capacity to respond to environmental change. They can either respond directly, by means of phenotypic plasticity, or they can slowly adapt through …             Engineering a predatory bacterium as a proficient killer agent for intracellular bio-products recovery: The case of the polyhydroxyalkanoates ▶     Virginia Martínez, Cristina Herencias, Edouard Jurkevitch et al.     This work examines the potential of the predatory bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100, an obligate predator of other Gram-negative bacteria, as an external cell-lytic …             In situ, high-resolution evidence for iron-coupled mobilization of phosphorus in sediments ▶     Shiming Ding, Yan Wang, Dan Wang et al.     Reductive dissolution of phosphorus-bearing iron (Fe) (oxyhydr)oxides has been regarded as a primary mechanism responsible for the mobilization of phosphorus (P) in sediments for …             Knee loading inhibits osteoclast lineage in a mouse model of osteoarthritis ▶     Xinle Li, Jing Yang, Daquan Liu et al.     Osteoarthritis (OA) is a whole joint disorder that involves cartilage degradation and periarticular bone response. Changes of cartilage and subchondral bone are associated with …             Halogenated hydrocarbon solvent-related cholangiocarcinoma risk: biliary excretion of glutathione conjugates of 1,2-dichloropropane evidenced by untargeted metabolomics analysis ▶     Yu Toyoda, Tappei Takada, Hiroshi Suzuki     Recently, the International Agency for Research on Cancer issued a warning about the carcinogenicity of 1,2-dichloropropane (1,2-DCP) to humans based on an epidemiological study …             Stellate Cell Networks in the Teleost Pituitary ▶     Matan Golan, Lian Hollander-Cohen, Berta Levavi-Sivan     The folliculostellate cells of the mammalian pituitary are non-endocrine cells that are implicated in long-distance communication and paracrine signaling, but to date, these …             Conformational Selection and Induced Fit Mechanisms in the Binding of an Anticancer Drug to the c-Src Kinase ▶     Maria Agnese Morando, Giorgio Saladino, Nicola D’Amelio et al.     Understanding the conformational changes associated with the binding of small ligands to their biological targets is a fascinating and meaningful question in chemistry, biology …             microRNA let-7c is essential for the anisomycin-elicited apoptosis in Jurkat T cells by linking JNK1/2 to AP-1/STAT1/STAT3 signaling ▶     Zhiwei Zhou, Xijian Lu, Jin Wang et al.     Anisomycin, an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces griseolus, strongly induces apoptosis in various tumor cells in vitro, superior dramatically to adriamycin. The present study …             Oil-free hyaluronic acid matrix for serial femtosecond crystallography ▶     Michihiro Sugahara, Changyong Song, Mamoru Suzuki et al.     The grease matrix was originally introduced as a microcrystal-carrier for serial femtosecond crystallography and has been expanded to applications for various types of proteins, …             Moonlighting of Helicobacter pylori catalase protects against complement-mediated killing by utilising the host molecule vitronectin ▶     Corinna Richter, Oindrilla Mukherjee, David Ermert et al.     Helicobacter pylori is an important human pathogen and a common cause of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. Despite H. pylori provoking strong innate and adaptive immune …             Sexually Dimorphic Expression of eGFP Transgene in the Akr1A1 Locus of Mouse Liver Regulated by Sex Hormone-Related Epigenetic Remodeling ▶     Cheng-Wei Lai, Hsiao-Ling Chen, Tung-Chou Tsai et al.     Sexually dimorphic gene expression is commonly found in the liver, and many of these genes are linked to different incidences of liver diseases between sexes. However, the …             Titin stiffness modifies the force-generating region of muscle sarcomeres ▶     Yong Li, Patrick Lang, Wolfgang A. Linke     The contractile units of striated muscle, the sarcomeres, comprise the thick (myosin) and thin (actin) filaments mediating active contraction and the titin filaments determining …             Erratum: Host Stress Drives Salmonella Recrudescence ▶     Elin Verbrugghe, Maarten Dhaenens, Bregje Leyman et al.                 A Network of Splice Isoforms for the Mouse ▶     Hong-Dong Li, Rajasree Menon, Ridvan Eksi et al.     The laboratory mouse is the primary mammalian species used for studying alternative splicing events. Recent studies have generated computational models to predict functions for …             Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1P2) attenuates reactive oxygen species formation and inhibits cell death: implications for otoprotective therapy ▶     Deron R. Herr, Marie J. Y. Reolo, Yee Xin Peh et al.     Ototoxic drugs, such as platinum-based chemotherapeutics, often lead to permanent hearing loss through apoptosis of neuroepithelial hair cells and afferent neurons of the …             Uncovering disease mechanisms through network biology in the era of Next Generation Sequencing ▶     Janet Piñero, Ariel Berenstein, Abel Gonzalez-Perez et al.     Characterizing the behavior of disease genes in the context of biological networks has the potential to shed light on disease mechanisms, and to reveal both new candidate disease …             The Parkinson Disease gene SNCA: Evolutionary and structural insights with pathological implication ▶     Irum Javaid Siddiqui, Nashaiman Pervaiz, Amir Ali Abbasi     After Alzheimer, Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. Alpha synuclein (SNCA) is deemed as a major component of Lewy bodies, a …             Therapeutic hypothermia attenuates tissue damage and cytokine expression after traumatic brain injury by inhibiting necroptosis in the rat ▶     Tao Liu, Dong-xu Zhao, Hua Cui et al.     Necroptosis has been shown as an alternative form of cell death in many diseases, but the detailed mechanisms of the neuron loss after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rodents …             Sight restoration after congenital blindness does not reinstate alpha oscillatory activity in humans ▶     Davide Bottari, Nikolaus F. Troje, Pia Ley et al.     Functional brain development is characterized by sensitive periods during which experience must be available to allow for the full development of neural circuits and associated …             Corrigendum: Adipose-derived Stem Cell Conditioned Media Extends Survival time of a mouse model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ▶     Christine V. Fontanilla, Huiying Gu, Qingpeng Liu et al.                 Matrine displayed antiviral activity in porcine alveolar macrophages co-infected by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and porcine circovirus type 2 ▶     Na Sun, Panpan Sun, Haipeng Lv et al.     The co-infection of porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is quite common in clinical settings and no effective treatment …             Suppression of B function strongly supports the modified ABCE model in Tricyrtis sp. (Liliaceae) ▶     Masahiro Otani, Ahmad Sharifi, Shosei Kubota et al.     B class MADS-box genes play important roles in petal and stamen development. Some monocotyledonous species, including liliaceous ones, produce flowers with petaloid tepals in …             Differential tolerance capacity to unfavourable low and high temperatures between two invasive whiteflies ▶     Na Xiao, Li-Long Pan, Chang-Rong Zhang et al.     Thermal response and tolerance to ambient temperature play important roles in determining the geographic distribution and seasonal abundance of insects. We examined the survival …             Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) disrupts particle transport, cilia function and sperm motility in an ex vivo oviduct model ▶     A. M. O’Doherty, M. Di Fenza, S. Kölle     The oviduct functions in the transportation of gametes to the site of fertilization (the ampulla) and is the site of early embryonic development. Alterations of this early …             The first see-through frog created by breeding: description, inheritance patterns, and dermal chromatophore structure ▶     Masayuki Sumida, Mohammed Mafizul Islam, Takeshi Igawa et al.     We have succeeded in creating see-through frogs from natural color mutants of the Japanese brown frog Rana japonica, which usually possesses an ochre or brown back; this …             Structural basis of DNA sequence recognition by the response regulator PhoP in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Xiaoyuan He, Liqin Wang, Shuishu Wang     The transcriptional regulator PhoP is an essential virulence factor in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and it presents a target for the development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs and …             Synergistic Modification Induced Specific Recognition between Histone and TRIM24 via Fluctuation Correlation Network Analysis ▶     Jinmai Zhang, Huajie Luo, Hao Liu et al.     Histone modification plays a key role in gene regulation and gene expression. TRIM24 as a histone reader can recognize histone modification. However the specific recognition …             Novel Roles for Peroxynitrite in Angiotensin II and CaMKII Signaling ▶     Chaoming Zhou, Swarna S. Ramaswamy, Derrick E. Johnson et al.     Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) oxidation controls excitability and viability. While hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) affects Ca2+-activated CaMKII in vitro, …             Characterization of the 5′-flanking region of the human DNA helicase B (HELB) gene and its response to trans-Resveratrol ▶     Fumiaki Uchiumi, Jun Arakawa, Keiko Iwakoshi et al.     Human DNA helicase B (HELB/HDHB) regulates DNA replication through association with human DNA polymerase α-primase. In the present study, an 866-base pair (bp) of the 5′-flanking …             Mycobacteria-responsive sonic hedgehog signaling mediates programmed death-ligand 1- and prostaglandin E2-induced regulatory T cell expansion ▶     Sahana Holla, Emmanuel Stephen-Victor, Praveen Prakhar et al.     CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) are exploited by mycobacteria to subvert the protective host immune responses. The Treg expansion in the periphery requires signaling …             SPECT-OPT multimodal imaging enables accurate evaluation of radiotracers for β-cell mass assessments ▶     Wael A. Eter, Saba Parween, Lieke Joosten et al.     Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) has become a promising experimental approach to monitor changes in β-cell mass (BCM) during diabetes progression. SPECT imaging …             Lysine fatty acylation promotes lysosomal targeting of TNF-α ▶     Hong Jiang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Hening Lin     Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammation cytokine secreted by various cells. Understanding its secretive pathway is important to understand the biological functions …             Unique fractal evaluation and therapeutic implications of mitochondrial morphology in malignant mesothelioma ▶     Frances E. Lennon, Gianguido C. Cianci, Rajani Kanteti et al.     Malignant mesothelioma (MM), is an intractable disease with limited therapeutic options and grim survival rates. Altered metabolic and mitochondrial functions are hallmarks of MM …             β2-adrenoceptor signaling reduction in dendritic cells is involved in the inflammatory response in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats ▶     Huaxun Wu, Jingyu Chen, Shasha Song et al.     Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by inflammation of the synovium, which leads to the progressive destruction of cartilage and bone. Adrenoreceptor (AR) signaling may …             Integrative Phosphoproteomics Links IL-23R Signaling with Metabolic Adaptation in Lymphocytes ▶     Corinne Lochmatter, Roman Fischer, Philip D. Charles et al.     Interleukin (IL)-23 mediated signal transduction represents a major molecular mechanism underlying the pathology of inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative …             Bacterial communities of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii associated with Bt cotton in northern China ▶     Yao Zhao, Shuai Zhang, Jun-Yu Luo et al.     Aphids are infected with a wide variety of endosymbionts that can confer ecologically relevant traits. However, the bacterial communities of most aphid species are still poorly …             Functional traits help to explain half-century long shifts in pollinator distributions ▶     Jesús Aguirre-Gutiérrez, W. Daniel Kissling, Luísa G. Carvalheiro et al.     Changes in climate and land use can have important impacts on biodiversity. Species respond to such environmental modifications by adapting to new conditions or by shifting their …             CRISPR-Cas9D10A nickase-based genotypic and phenotypic screening to enhance genome editing ▶     Ting-Wei Will Chiang, Carlos le Sage, Delphine Larrieu et al.     The RNA-guided Cas9 nuclease is being widely employed to engineer the genomes of various cells and organisms. Despite the efficient mutagenesis induced by Cas9, off-target …             Engineering of a novel cellulose-adherent cellulolytic Saccharomyces cerevisiae for cellulosic biofuel production ▶     Zhuo Liu, Shih-Hsin Ho, Kengo Sasaki et al.     Cellulosic biofuel is the subject of increasing attention. The main obstacle toward its economic feasibility is the recalcitrance of lignocellulose requiring large amount of …             Structural insights into the Escherichia coli lysine decarboxylases and molecular determinants of interaction with the AAA+ ATPase RavA ▶     Eaazhisai Kandiah, Diego Carriel, Julien Perard et al.     The inducible lysine decarboxylase LdcI is an important enterobacterial acid stress response enzyme whereas LdcC is its close paralogue thought to play mainly a metabolic role. A …             A novel anesthesia regime enables neurofunctional studies and imaging genetics across mouse strains ▶     Marija M. Petrinovic, Georges Hankov, Aileen Schroeter et al.     Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has revolutionized neuroscience by opening a unique window that allows neurocircuitry function and pathological alterations to be …             Retinoic acid facilitates inactivated transmissible gastroenteritis virus induction of CD8+ T-cell migration to the porcine gut ▶     Xiaojuan Chen, Chongzhi Tu, Tao Qin et al.     The digestive tract is the entry site for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). TGEV transmission can be prevented if local immunity is established with increased …             Inhibition of miR-21 in glioma cells using catalytic nucleic acids ▶     Agnieszka Belter, Katarzyna Rolle, Monika Piwecka et al.     Despite tremendous efforts worldwide, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains a deadly disease for which no cure is available and prognosis is very bad. Recently, miR-21 has …             Differential neural mechanisms for early and late prediction error detection ▶     Rahim Malekshahi, Anil Seth, Amalia Papanikolaou et al.     Emerging evidence indicates that prediction, instantiated at different perceptual levels, facilitate visual processing and enable prompt and appropriate reactions. Until now, the …             MHC-class-II are expressed in a subpopulation of human neural stem cells in vitro in an IFNγ–independent fashion and during development ▶     B. Vagaska, S. E. P. New, C. Alvarez-Gonzalez et al.     Expression of major histocompatibility antigens class-2 (MHC-II) under non-inflammatory conditions is not usually associated with the nervous system. Comparative analysis of …             INaP selective inhibition reverts precocious inter- and motorneurons hyperexcitability in the Sod1-G93R zebrafish ALS model ▶     Lorena Benedetti, Anna Ghilardi, Elsa Rottoli et al.     The pathogenic role of SOD1 mutations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) was investigated using a zebrafish disease model stably expressing the ALS-linked G93R mutation. In …             MiR-299-5p regulates apoptosis through autophagy in neurons and ameliorates cognitive capacity in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice ▶     Yueqi Zhang, Chengeng Liu, Jinling Wang et al.     Abnormalities of autophagy can result in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Nevertheless, the regulatory mechanisms of autophagy in AD are not well …             Tongue Coating and the Salivary Microbial Communities Vary in Children with Halitosis ▶     Wen Ren, Zhe Xun, Zicheng Wang et al.     Halitosis is a common symptom mainly caused by microbial activities in the oral cavity. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing and metagenomic sequencing to examine oral …             Abnormal Population Responses in the Somatosensory Cortex of Alzheimer’s Disease Model Mice ▶     Yossi Maatuf, Edward A. Stern, Hamutal Slovin     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. One of the neuropathological hallmarks of AD is the accumulation of amyloid-β plaques. Overexpression of human …             Size Dependent Cellular Uptake of Rod-like Bionanoparticles with Different Aspect Ratios ▶     Xiangxiang Liu, Fengchi Wu, Ye Tian et al.     Understanding the cellular internalization mechanism of nanoparticles is essential to study their biological fate. Especially, due to the anisotropic properties, rod-like …             Genipin cross-linked decellularized tracheal tubular matrix for tracheal tissue engineering applications ▶     Fei Sun, Yuan Jiang, Yanfei Xu et al.     Decellularization techniques have been widely used as an alternative strategy for organ reconstruction. This study investigated the mechanical, pro-angiogenic and in vivo …             Strong Antibacterial Polydopamine Coatings Prepared by a Shaking-assisted Method ▶     Lei Su, Yang Yu, Yanshuang Zhao et al.     Strong antibacterial polydopamine (PDA) coatings prepared by a facile shaking-assisted method is reported for the first time. It was found that a minor modification made to the …             Corrigendum: Natural History of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Bone Metastases ▶     Daniele Santini, Sandro Barni, Salvatore Intagliata et al.                 Effects of Frequency Drift on the Quantification of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Using MEGA-PRESS ▶     Shang-Yueh Tsai, Chun-Hao Fang, Thai-Yu Wu et al.     The MEGA-PRESS method is the most common method used to measure γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain at 3T. It has been shown that the underestimation of the GABA signal due …             Ciliate Paramecium is a natural reservoir of Legionella pneumophila ▶     Kenta Watanabe, Ryo Nakao, Masahiro Fujishima et al.     Legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of Legionnaires’ disease, replicates within alveolar macrophages and free-living amoebae. However, the lifestyle of L. pneumophila in …             An enhanced chemiluminescence bioplatform by confining glucose oxidase in hollow calcium carbonate particles ▶     Congmin Wang, Cuisong Zhou, Yuyin Long et al.     A chemiluminescence (CL) amplification platform based on HCC/Lucigenin&GOx (HLG) film was developed. Hollow structural calcium carbonate (HCC) particles were used as alternative …             Cerebral Spinal Fluid levels of Cytokines are elevated in Patients with Metachromatic Leukodystrophy ▶     Kathryn A. Thibert, Gerald V. Raymond, Jakub Tolar et al.     Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a lysosomal storage disease resulting from a deficiency of arylsulfatase A causing an accumulation of cerebroside sulfate, a lipid normally …             The dynamics of carbon stored in xylem sapwood to drought-induced hydraulic stress in mature trees ▶     Kenichi Yoshimura, Shin-Taro Saiki, Kenichi Yazaki et al.     Climate-induced forest die-off is widespread in multiple biomes, strongly affecting the species composition, function and primary production in forest ecosystems. Hydraulic …             Discovery of Potent VEGFR-2 Inhibitors based on Furopyrimidine and Thienopyrimidne Scaffolds as Cancer Targeting Agents ▶     Marwa A. Aziz, Rabah A. T. Serya, Deena S. Lasheen et al.     Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) plays a crucial role in cancer angiogenesis. In this study, a series of novel furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and thieno[2,3-d…             PFKFB3 Control of Cancer Growth by Responding to Circadian Clock Outputs ▶     Lili Chen, Jiajia Zhao, Qingming Tang et al.     Circadian clock dysregulation promotes cancer growth. Here we show that PFKFB3, the gene that encodes for inducible 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase as an essential supporting enzyme of …             Stratification of Digestive Cancers with Different Pathological Features and Survival Outcomes by MicroRNA Expression ▶     Senwei Tang, William K. K. Wu, Xiangchun Li et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in virtually all cancer types, including digestive cancers. Herein, we aggregated and systematically analyzed miRNA expression …             Insulin resistance is associated with altered amino acid metabolism and adipose tissue dysfunction in normoglycemic women ▶     Petri Wiklund, Xiaobo Zhang, Satu Pekkala et al.     Insulin resistance is associated adiposity, but the mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to identify early metabolic alterations associated with insulin …             Frequent mechanical stress suppresses proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells from human bone marrow without loss of multipotency ▶     Viktoria Frank, Stefan Kaufmann, Rebecca Wright et al.     Mounting evidence indicated that human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are responsive not only to biochemical but also to physical cues, such as substrate topography and …             Avian influenza viruses that cause highly virulent infections in humans exhibit distinct replicative properties in contrast to human H1N1 viruses ▶     Philippe F. Simon, Marc-Antoine de La Vega, Éric Paradis et al.     Avian influenza viruses present an emerging epidemiological concern as some strains of H5N1 avian influenza can cause severe infections in humans with lethality rates of up to …             Unearthing microbial diversity of Taxus rhizosphere via MiSeq high-throughput amplicon sequencing and isolate characterization ▶     Da Cheng Hao, Si Meng Song, Jun Mu et al.     The species variability and potential environmental functions of Taxus rhizosphere microbial community were studied by comparative analyses of 15 16S rRNA and 15 ITS MiSeq …             DNA context represents transcription regulation of the gene in mouse embryonic stem cells ▶     Misook Ha, Soondo Hong     Understanding gene regulatory information in DNA remains a significant challenge in biomedical research. This study presents a computational approach to infer gene regulatory …             Characterization of the natural enemy community attacking cotton aphid in the Bt cotton ecosystem in Northern China ▶     Abid Ali, Nicolas Desneux, Yanhui Lu et al.     Planting Bt cotton in China since 1997 has led to important changes in the natural enemy communities occurring in cotton, however their specific effect on suppressing the cotton …             Molecular basis of the STIL coiled coil oligomerization explains its requirement for de-novo formation of centrosomes in mammalian cells ▶     Ahuvit David, Hadar Amartely, Noa Rabinowicz et al.     The STIL protein is essential for centriole replication and for the non-templated, de novo centriole biogenesis that is required for mammalian embryogenesis. Here we performed …             Generation of heterozygous fibrillin-1 mutant cloned pigs from genome-edited foetal fibroblasts ▶     Kazuhiro Umeyama, Kota Watanabe, Masahito Watanabe et al.     Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease caused by abnormal formation of the extracellular matrix with an incidence of 1 in 3, 000 to 5, 000. Patients with …             Manipulation complexity in primates coevolved with brain size and terrestriality ▶     Sandra A. Heldstab, Zaida K. Kosonen, Sonja E. Koski et al.     Humans occupy by far the most complex foraging niche of all mammals, built around sophisticated technology, and at the same time exhibit unusually large brains. To examine the …             The dynamic behavior of Ect2 in response to DNA damage ▶     Dan He, Jinnan Xiang, Baojie Li et al.     Ect2 is a BRCT-containing guanidine exchange factor for Rho GTPases. It is essential for cytokinesis and is also involved in tumorigenesis. Since most BRCT-containing proteins …             Human oropharynx as natural reservoir of Streptobacillus hongkongensis ▶     Susanna K. P. Lau, Jasper F. W. Chan, Chi-Ching Tsang et al.     Recently, we reported the isolation of Streptobacillus hongkongensis sp. nov. from patients with quinsy or septic arthritis. In this study, we developed a PCR sequencing test …             DRAMP: a comprehensive data repository of antimicrobial peptides ▶     Linlin Fan, Jian Sun, Meifeng Zhou et al.     The growing problem of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms results in an urgent need for substitutes to conventional antibiotics with novel modes of action and effective …             Ultra-Porous Nanoparticle Networks: A Biomimetic Coating Morphology for Enhanced Cellular Response and Infiltration ▶     Noushin Nasiri, Anthony Ceramidas, Shayanti Mukherjee et al.     Orthopedic treatments are amongst the most common cause of surgery and are responsible for a large share of global healthcare expenditures. Engineering materials that can hasten …             Tristetraprolin inhibits gastric cancer progression through suppression of IL-33 ▶     Kaiyuan Deng, Hao Wang, Ting Shan et al.     Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an adenine/uridine (AU)-rich element (ARE)-binding protein that can induce degradation of mRNAs. In this study, we report that TTP suppresses the …             Flotation Immunoassay: Masking the Signal from Free Reporters in Sandwich Immunoassays ▶     Hui Chen, Anna E. V. Hagström, Jinsu Kim et al.     In this work, we demonstrate that signal-masking reagents together with appropriate capture antibody carriers can eliminate the washing steps in sandwich immunoassays. A …             Reduced expression of cytochrome oxidases largely explains cAMP inhibition of aerobic growth in Shewanella oneidensis ▶     Jianhua Yin, Qiu Meng, Huihui Fu et al.     Inhibition of bacterial growth under aerobic conditions by elevated levels of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP), first revealed more than 50 years ago, was attributed …             Re-polarizing Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) with Cationic Polymers for Cancer Immunotherapy ▶     Wei He, Pei Liang, Guangxing Guo et al.     Our evolving understandings of cell-material interactions provide insights for using polymers to modulate cell behaviour that may lead to therapeutic applications. It is known …             Soil microbial community composition and respiration along an experimental precipitation gradient in a semiarid steppe ▶     Cancan Zhao, Yuan Miao, Chengde Yu et al.     As a primary limiting factor in arid and semiarid regions, precipitation strongly influences soil microbial properties. However, the patterns and mechanisms of soil microbial …             The HER2 inhibitor TAK165 Sensitizes Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells to Retinoic Acid-Induced Myeloid Differentiation by activating MEK/ERK mediated RARα/STAT1 axis ▶     Xuejing Shao, Yujia Liu, Yangling Li et al.     The success of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in differentiation therapy for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) highly encourages researches to apply this therapy …             Necrotic cells influence migration and invasion of glioblastoma via NF-κB/AP-1-mediated IL-8 regulation ▶     So-Hee Ahn, Hyunju Park, Young-Ho Ahn et al.     Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary intracranial tumor in adults and has poor prognosis. Diffuse infiltration into normal brain parenchyma, rapid growth, and …             Mechanism of azithromycin inhibition of HSL synthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Jianming Zeng, Ni Zhang, Bin Huang et al.     Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and a leading cause of nosocomial infections. Unfortunately, P. aeruginosa has low antibiotic susceptibility due to several …             Siderophore biosynthesis coordinately modulated the virulence-associated interactive metabolome of uropathogenic Escherichia coli and human urine ▶     Qiao Su, Tianbing Guan, Haitao Lv     Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) growth in women’s bladders during urinary tract infection (UTI) incurs substantial chemical exchange, termed the “interactive metabolome”, …             Hsp90aa1: a novel target gene of miR-1 in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury ▶     Wen Si Zhu, Wei Guo, Jie Ning Zhu et al.     The role of microRNA-1 (miR-1) in ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury is not well illustrated. The present study aimed to investigate the expression and potential target of …             A Fluorescence Approach to Assess the Production of Soluble Microbial Products from Aerobic Granular Sludge Under the Stress of 2,4-Dichlorophenol ▶     Dong Wei, Heng Dong, Na Wu et al.     In this study, a fluorescence approach was used to evaluate the production of soluble microbial products (SMP) in aerobic granular sludge system under the stress of …             Structural insights and functional implications of inter-individual variability in β2-adrenergic receptor ▶     Aditi Tandale, Manali Joshi, Durba Sengupta     The human β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family and due to its central role in bronchodilation, is an important drug target. The …             Using the incidence and impact of behavioural conditions in guide dogs to investigate patterns in undesirable behaviour in dogs ▶     Geoffrey Caron-Lormier, Naomi D. Harvey, Gary C. W. England et al.     The domestic dog is one of our most popular companions and longest relationships, occupying different roles, from pet to working guide dog for the blind. As dogs age different …             Discovery of a specific inhibitor of human GLUT5 by virtual screening and in vitro transport evaluation ▶     Alayna M. George Thompson, Oleg Ursu, Petr Babkin et al.     GLUT5, a fructose-transporting member of the facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT, SLC2) family, is a therapeutic target for diabetes and cancer but has no potent inhibitors. …             Burrowing hard corals occurring on the sea floor since 80 million years ago ▶     Asuka Sentoku, Yuki Tokuda, Yoichi Ezaki     We describe a previously unknown niche for hard corals in the small, bowl-shaped, solitary scleractinian, Deltocyathoides orientalis (Family Turbinoliidae), on soft-bottom …             Yeast Gdt1 is a Golgi-localized calcium transporter required for stress-induced calcium signaling and protein glycosylation ▶     Anne-Sophie Colinet, Palanivelu Sengottaiyan, Antoine Deschamps et al.     Calcium signaling depends on a tightly regulated set of pumps, exchangers, and channels that are responsible for controlling calcium fluxes between the different subcellular …             Alternative promoters of Peg3 with maternal specificity ▶     Bambarendage P. U. Perera, Joomyeong Kim     Peg3 (paternally expressed gene 3) is an imprinted gene localized within an evolutionarily conserved 500-kb domain in human chromosome 19q13.4 and mouse proximal chromosome 7. In …             Plasmacytoid dendritic cells orchestrate TLR7-mediated innate and adaptive immunity for the initiation of autoimmune inflammation ▶     Hideaki Takagi, Keiichi Arimura, Tomofumi Uto et al.     Endosomal toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated detection of viral nucleic acids (NAs) and production of type I interferon (IFN-I) are key elements of antiviral defense, while …             Thrombospondin-4 reduces binding affinity of [3H]-gabapentin to calcium-channel α2δ-1-subunit but does not interact with α2δ-1 on the cell-surface when co-expressed ▶     Beatrice Lana, Karen M. Page, Ivan Kadurin et al.     The α2δ proteins are auxiliary subunits of voltage-gated calcium channels, and influence their trafficking and biophysical properties. The α2δ ligand gabapentin interacts with α2…             Anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody promotes bone fracture healing through regulating IL-20-mediated osteoblastogenesis ▶     Yu-Hsiang Hsu, Yi-Shu Chiu, Wei-Yu Chen et al.     Bone loss and skeletal fragility in bone fracture are caused by an imbalance in bone remodeling. The current challenge in bone fracture healing is to promote osteoblastogenesis …             Meiotic chromosome mobility in fission yeast is resistant to environmental stress ▶     Doris Illner, Alexander Lorenz, Harry Scherthan     The formation of healthy gametes requires pairing of homologous chromosomes (homologs) as a prerequisite for their correct segregation during meiosis. Initially, homolog …             Growth factor restriction impedes progression of wound healing following cataract surgery: identification of VEGF as a putative therapeutic target ▶     Julie A. Eldred, Matthew McDonald, Helen S. Wilkes et al.     Secondary visual loss occurs in millions of patients due to a wound-healing response, known as posterior capsule opacification (PCO), following cataract surgery. An intraocular …             Structural and functional properties of prefibrillar α-synuclein oligomers ▶     Laura Pieri, Karine Madiona, Ronald Melki     The deposition of fibrillar alpha-synuclein (α-syn) within inclusions (Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites) in neurons and glial cells is a hallmark of synucleinopathies. α-syn …             Interleukin-10 deficiency impairs regulatory T cell-derived neuropilin-1 functions and promotes Th1 and Th17 immunity ▶     Shimin Wang, Xiang Gao, Guobo Shen et al.     Regulatory T cells (Tregs) expand in peripheral lymphoid organs and can produce immunosuppressive cytokines to support tumor growth. IL-10 abrogation efficiently induces Treg …             Integrative transcriptome, proteome, phosphoproteome and genetic mapping reveals new aspects in a fiberless mutant of cotton ▶     Qi-Feng Ma, Chun-Hui Wu, Man Wu et al.     To investigate the molecular mechanisms of fiber initiation in cotton (Gossypium spp.), an integrated approach combining transcriptome, iTRAQ-based proteome and genetic mapping …             Carboxylesterase 1 Is Regulated by Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α and Protects Against Alcohol- and MCD diet-induced Liver Injury ▶     Jiesi Xu, Yang Xu, Yuanyuan Li et al.     The liver is a major organ that controls hepatic and systemic homeostasis. Dysregulation of liver metabolism may cause liver injury. Previous studies have demonstrated that …             Gender Influences on Brain Responses to Errors and Post-Error Adjustments ▶     Adrian G. Fischer, Claudia Danielmeier, Arno Villringer et al.     Sexual dimorphisms have been observed in many species, including humans, and extend to the prevalence and presentation of important mental disorders associated with performance …             Prognostic impact of mutation profiling in patients with stage II and III colon cancer ▶     Yinchen Shen, Xiaohong Han, Jianfei Wang et al.     Development of colorectal cancer (CRC) associates with accumulation of genetic mutations include the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway. However, whether …             Pregnancy-associated serum N-glycome changes studied by high-throughput MALDI-TOF-MS ▶     Bas C. Jansen, Albert Bondt, Karli R. Reiding et al.     Pregnancy requires partial suppression of the immune system to ensure maternal-foetal tolerance. Protein glycosylation, and especially terminal sialic acid linkages, are of prime …             Association between PPAR-γ2 Pro12Ala genotype and insulin resistance is modified by circulating lipids in Mexican children ▶     Carolina Stryjecki, Jesus Peralta-Romero, Akram Alyass et al.     The Pro12Ala (rs1801282) polymorphism in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ2 (PPAR-γ2) has been convincingly associated with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes …             A pharmacological inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome prevents non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a mouse model induced by high fat diet ▶     Gabsik Yang, Hye Eun Lee, Joo Young Lee     The activation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is closely associated with the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver …             Inter-polysomal coupling of termination and initiation during translation in eukaryotic cell-free system ▶     Evgeny A. Sogorin, Sultan Ch. Agalarov, Alexander S. Spirin     The recording of the luciferase-generated luminescence in the eukaryotic cell-free translation system programmed with mRNA encoding firefly luciferase (Luc-mRNA) showed that the …             Qishen Yiqi Drop Pill improves cardiac function after myocardial ischemia ▶     Chen JianXin, Xu Xue, Li ZhongFeng et al.     Myocardial ischemia (MI) is one of the leading causes of death, while Qishen Yiqi Drop Pill (QYDP) is a representative traditional Chinese medicine to treat this disease. Un…             Tuning of AKT-pathway by Nef and its blockade by protease inhibitors results in limited recovery in latently HIV infected T-cell line ▶     Amit Kumar, Wasim Abbas, Laurence Colin et al.     Akt signaling plays a central role in many biological processes, which are key players in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) pathogenesis. We found that Akt interacts with …             Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx)-induced abnormalities of nucleic acid metabolism revealed by 1H-NMR-based metabonomics ▶     Dan Yue, Yuwei Zhang, Liuliu Cheng et al.     Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) plays an important role in HBV-related hepatocarcinogenesis; however, mechanisms underlying HBx-mediated carcinogenesis remain unclear. In this …             Automated Chemotactic Sorting and Single-cell Cultivation of Microbes using Droplet Microfluidics ▶     Libing Dong, Dong-Wei Chen, Shuang-Jiang Liu et al.     We report a microfluidic device for automated sorting and cultivation of chemotactic microbes from pure cultures or mixtures. The device consists of two parts: in the first part, …             Liprin-α1 is a regulator of vimentin intermediate filament network in the cancer cell adhesion machinery ▶     Henna Pehkonen, Pernilla von Nandelstadh, Piia-Riitta Karhemo et al.     PPFIA1 is located at the 11q13 region, which is one of the most commonly amplified regions in several epithelial cancers including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and …             LDL-lowering therapy and the risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of 6 randomized controlled trials and 36 observational studies ▶     Ping Tan, Shiyou Wei, Zhuang Tang et al.     The role of statins in preventing prostate cancer is currently a controversial issue. The aim of this review is to investigate the effects of statins use on prostate cancer risk. …             The identification of goat peroxiredoxin-5 and the evaluation and enhancement of its stability by nanoparticle formation ▶     Xiaozhou Feng, Juanjuan Liu, Shuai Fan et al.     An anticancer bioactive peptide (ACBP), goat peroxiredoxin-5 (gPRDX5), was identified from goat-spleen extract after immunizing the goat with gastric cancer-cell lysate. Its …             Facilitated receptor-recognition and enhanced bioactivity of bone morphogenetic protein-2 on magnesium-substituted hydroxyapatite surface ▶     Baolin Huang, Yuan Yuan, Tong Li et al.     Biomaterial surface functionalized with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a promising approach to fabricating successful orthopedic implants/scaffolds. However, the …             Planktonic events may cause polymictic-dimictic regime shifts in temperate lakes ▶     Tom Shatwell, Rita Adrian, Georgiy Kirillin     Water transparency affects the thermal structure of lakes, and within certain lake depth ranges, it can determine whether a lake mixes regularly (polymictic regime) or stratifies …             Abattoir-based estimates of mycobacterial infections in Cameroon ▶     N. F. Egbe, A. Muwonge, L. Ndip et al.     Mycobacteria cause major diseases including human tuberculosis, bovine tuberculosis and Johne’s disease. In livestock, the dominant species is M. bovis causing bovine …             Erratum: Temporal dynamics of Puumala hantavirus infection in cyclic populations of bank voles ▶     Liina Voutilainen, Eva R. Kallio, Jukka Niemimaa et al.                 Somatostatin triggers rhythmic electrical firing in hypothalamic GHRH neurons ▶     Guillaume Osterstock, Violeta Mitutsova, Alexander Barre et al.     Hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) neurons orchestrate body growth/maturation and have been implicated in feeding responses and ageing. However, the electrical …             Robust Type-specific Hemisynapses Induced by Artificial Dendrites ▶     Eun Joong Kim, Chang Su Jeon, Soo Youn Lee et al.     Type-specificity of synapses, excitatory and inhibitory, regulates information process in neural networks via chemical neurotransmitters. To lay a foundation of synapse-based …             Epithelial cell migration requires the interaction between the vimentin and keratin intermediate filaments ▶     Cristina Velez-delValle, Meytha Marsch-Moreno, Federico Castro-Muñozledo et al.     Epithelial migration plays a central role in development, wound repair and tumor metastasis, but the role of intermediate filament in this important event is unknown. We showed …             Identification of RELN variation p.Thr3192Ser in a Chinese family with schizophrenia ▶     Zhifan Zhou, Zhengmao Hu, Lu Zhang et al.     Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a serious psychiatric disease with strong heritability. Its complexity is reflected by extensive genetic heterogeneity and much of the genetic liability …             Defining Clonal Color in Fluorescent Multi-Clonal Tracking ▶     Juwell W. Wu, Raphaël Turcotte, Clemens Alt et al.     Clonal heterogeneity and selection underpin many biological processes including development and tumor progression. Combinatorial fluorescent protein expression in germline cells …             DNA hypomethylation upregulates expression of the MGAT3 gene in HepG2 cells and leads to changes in N-glycosylation of secreted glycoproteins ▶     Marija Klasić, Jasminka Krištić, Petra Korać et al.     Changes in N-glycosylation of plasma proteins are observed in many types of cancer, nevertheless, few studies suggest the exact mechanism involved in aberrant protein …             The gut microbiome and degradation enzyme activity of wild freshwater fishes influenced by their trophic levels ▶     Han Liu, Xianwu Guo, Ravi Gooneratne et al.     Vertebrate gut microbiome often underpins the metabolic capability and provides many beneficial effects on their hosts. However, little was known about how host trophic level …             Computational Approach Towards Exploring Potential Anti-Chikungunya Activity of Selected Flavonoids ▶     Seyedeh Somayeh Seyedi, Munirah Shukri, Pouya Hassandarvish et al.     Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes chikungunya infection in humans. Despite the widespread distribution of CHIKV, no antiviral medication or …             Characterisation of synovial fluid and infrapatellar fat pad derived mesenchymal stromal cells: The influence of tissue source and inflammatory stimulus ▶     John Garcia, Karina Wright, Sally Roberts et al.     The infrapatellar fat pad (FP) and synovial fluid (SF) in the knee serve as reservoirs of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with potential therapeutic benefit. We determined the …             Food-web complexity, meta-community complexity and community stability ▶     A. Mougi, M. Kondoh     What allows interacting, diverse species to coexist in nature has been a central question in ecology, ever since the theoretical prediction that a complex community should be …             Characterization of functional trait diversity among Indian cultivated and weedy rice populations ▶     M. Rathore, Raghwendra Singh, B. Kumar et al.     Weedy rice, a menace in rice growing areas globally, is biosimilar having attributes similar to cultivated and wild rice, and therefore is difficult to manage. A study was …             Establishment of clival chordoma cell line MUG-CC1 and lymphoblastoid cells as a model for potential new treatment strategies ▶     Verena Gellner, Peter Valentin Tomazic, Birgit Lohberger et al.     Chordomas are rare malignant tumors that develop from embryonic remnants of the notochord and arise only in the midline from the clivus to the sacrum. Surgery followed by …             Islands of spatially discordant APD alternans underlie arrhythmogenesis by promoting electrotonic dyssynchrony in models of fibrotic rat ventricular myocardium ▶     Rupamanjari Majumder, Marc C. Engels, Antoine A. F. de Vries et al.     Fibrosis and altered gap junctional coupling are key features of ventricular remodelling and are associated with abnormal electrical impulse generation and propagation. Such …             Identification of pesticide varieties by testing microalgae using Visible/Near Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging technology ▶     Yongni Shao, Linjun Jiang, Hong Zhou et al.     In our study, the feasibility of using visible/near infrared hyperspectral imaging technology to detect the changes of the internal components of Chlorella pyrenoidosa so as to …             RNA-seq analysis for detecting quantitative trait-associated genes ▶     Minseok Seo, Kwondo Kim, Joon Yoon et al.     Many recent RNA-seq studies were focused mainly on detecting the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between two or more conditions. In contrast, only a few attempts have been …             BPGA- an ultra-fast pan-genome analysis pipeline ▶     Narendrakumar M. Chaudhari, Vinod Kumar Gupta, Chitra Dutta     Recent advances in ultra-high-throughput sequencing technology and metagenomics have led to a paradigm shift in microbial genomics from few genome comparisons to large-scale …             High expression of microRNA-183/182/96 cluster as a prognostic biomarker for breast cancer ▶     Cailu Song, Lijuan Zhang, Jin Wang et al.     More sensitive and effective diagnostic markers for the detection of breast cancer are urgently needed. The microRNA-183/182/96 cluster has been reported to be involved in …             Mapping polyclonal antibody responses to bacterial infection using next generation phage display ▶     Ibrahim A. Naqid, Jonathan P. Owen, Ben C. Maddison et al.     Mapping polyclonal antibody responses to infectious diseases to identify individual epitopes has the potential to underpin the development of novel serological assays and …             GPER signalling in both cancer-associated fibroblasts and breast cancer cells mediates a feedforward IL1β/IL1R1 response ▶     Paola De Marco, Rosamaria Lappano, Ernestina Marianna De Francesco et al.     Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) contribute to the malignant aggressiveness through secreted factors like IL1β, which may drive pro-tumorigenic inflammatory phenotypes mainly …             p53 activation contributes to patulin-induced nephrotoxicity via modulation of reactive oxygen species generation ▶     Huan Jin, Shutao Yin, Xinhua Song et al.     Patulin is a major mycotoxin found in fungal contaminated fruits and their derivative products. Previous studies showed that patulin was able to induce increase of reactive …             Streptomyces malaysiense sp. nov.: A novel Malaysian mangrove soil actinobacterium with antioxidative activity and cytotoxic potential against human cancer cell lines ▶     Hooi-Leng Ser, Uma Devi Palanisamy, Wai-Fong Yin et al.     Actinobacteria from the unique intertidal ecosystem of the mangroves are known to produce novel, bioactive secondary metabolites. A novel strain known as MUSC 136T (=DSM 100712T…             Pollinator responses to floral colour change, nectar, and scent promote reproductive fitness in Quisqualis indica (Combretaceae) ▶     Juan Yan, Gang Wang, Yi Sui et al.     Floral colour change is visual signals for pollinators to avoid old flowers and increase pollination efficiency. Quisqualis indica flowers change colour from white to pink to red …             Reacquisition of the lower temporal bar in sexually dimorphic fossil lizards provides a rare case of convergent evolution ▶     Tiago R. Simões, Gregory F. Funston, Behzad Vafaeian et al.     Temporal fenestration has long been considered a key character to understand relationships amongst reptiles. In particular, the absence of the lower temporal bar (LTB) is …             Erratum: Persistent activation of microglia and NADPH oxidase drive hippocampal dysfunction in experimental multiple sclerosis ▶     Massimiliano Di Filippo, Antonio de Iure, Carmela Giampà et al.                 Erratum: Expression of programmed death ligand-1 on tumor cells varies pre and post chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer ▶     Jin Sheng, Wenfeng Fang, Juan Yu et al.                 Corrigendum: Metabolomics reveals metabolic changes in male reproductive cells exposed to thirdhand smoke ▶     Bo Xu, Minjian Chen, Mengmeng Yao et al.                 A disulphide isomerase gene (PDI-V) from Haynaldia villosa contributes to powdery mildew resistance in common wheat ▶     Muhammad Faheem, Yingbo Li, Muhammad Arshad et al.     In this study, we report the contribution of a PDI-like gene from wheat wild relative Haynaldia villosa in combating powdery mildew. PDI-V protein contains two conserved …             Comprehensive and quantitative proteomic analyses of zebrafish plasma reveals conserved protein profiles between genders and between zebrafish and human ▶     Caixia Li, Xing Fei Tan, Teck Kwang Lim et al.     Omic approaches have been increasingly used in the zebrafish model for holistic understanding of molecular events and mechanisms of tissue functions. However, plasma is rarely …             Novel piperazine core compound induces death in human liver cancer cells: possible pharmacological properties ▶     Nima Samie, Sekaran Muniandy, M. S. Kanthimathi et al.     The current study evaluates the cytotoxic mechanism of a novel piperazine derivate designated as PCC against human liver cancer cells. In this context, human liver cancer cell …             Long-Lasting Cross-Protection Against Influenza A by Neuraminidase and M2e-based immunization strategies ▶     Michael Schotsaert, Tine Ysenbaert, Anouk Smet et al.     There is mounting evidence that in the absence of neutralizing antibodies cross-reactive T cells provide protection against pandemic influenza viruses. Here, we compared …             Differential and transferable modulatory effects of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles on T, B and NK cell functions ▶     Mariano Di Trapani, Giulio Bassi, Martina Midolo et al.     Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, immunomodulatory stem cells that are currently used for regenerative medicine and treatment of a number of inflammatory …             Testing the island effect on phenotypic diversification: insights from the Hemidactylus geckos of the Socotra Archipelago ▶     Joan Garcia-Porta, Jiří Šmíd, Daniel Sol et al.     Island colonization is often assumed to trigger extreme levels of phenotypic diversification. Yet, empirical evidence suggests that it does not always so. In this study we test …             The 37/67kDa laminin receptor (LR) inhibitor, NSC47924, affects 37/67kDa LR cell surface localization and interaction with the cellular prion protein ▶     Daniela Sarnataro, Anna Pepe, Gennaro Altamura et al.     The 37/67 kDa laminin receptor (LR) is a non-integrin protein, which binds both laminin-1 of the extracellular matrix and prion proteins, that hold a central role in prion …             Genome-wide identification, structural analysis and new insights into late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) gene family formation pattern in Brassica napus ▶     Yu Liang, Ziyi Xiong, Jianxiao Zheng et al.     Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are a diverse and large group of polypeptides that play important roles in desiccation and freezing tolerance in plants. The LEA family …             Gardening in the zone of death: an experimental assessment of the absolute elevation limit of vascular plants ▶     Miroslav Dvorský, Zuzana Chlumská, Jan Altman et al.     Vascular plants in the western Tibetan Plateau reach 6000 m-the highest elevation on Earth. Due to the significant warming of the region, plant ranges are expected to shift …             A glimpse into evolution and dissemination of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in East Asia: a comparative genomics study ▶     Ye Feng, Zhi Ruan, Jianfeng Shu et al.     Clonal dissemination is characteristic of the important nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii, as revealed by previous multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) studies. However, …             Brain-mechanistic responses to varying difficulty levels of approximate solutions to arithmetic problems ▶     Yanhui Xiang, Yiqi Jiang, Xiaomei Chao et al.     Approximate strategies are crucial in daily human life. The studies on the “difficulty effect” seen in approximate complex arithmetic have long been neglected. Here, we aimed to …             Tunable magnetic nanowires for biomedical and harsh environment applications ▶     Yurii P. Ivanov, Ahmed Alfadhel, Mohammed Alnassar et al.     We have synthesized nanowires with an iron core and an iron oxide (magnetite) shell by a facile low-cost fabrication process. The magnetic properties of the nanowires can be …             Increased N6-methyladenosine in Human Sperm RNA as a Risk Factor for Asthenozoospermia ▶     Ying Yang, Wei Huang, Jing-Tao Huang et al.     Male infertility is a worldwide medical problem. Asthenozoospermia is a common cause of infertility. Epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones have been shown to influence …             Detection of colorectal dysplasia using fluorescently labelled lectins ▶     Joe Chin-Hun Kuo, Ashraf E. K. Ibrahim, Sarah Dawson et al.     Colorectal cancer screening using conventional colonoscopy lacks molecular information and can miss dysplastic lesions. We tested here the ability of fluorescently labelled …             The Cumulative Cisplatin Dose Affects the Long-Term Survival Outcomes of Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Receiving Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy ▶     Hao Peng, Lei Chen, Wen-Fei Li et al.     The prognostic value of the cumulative cisplatin dose (CCD) remains controversial for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) receiving only concurrent chemoradiotherapy …             In vitro antibacterial activity of ZnO and Nd doped ZnO nanoparticles against ESBL producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae ▶     Abdulrahman Syedahamed Haja Hameed, Chandrasekaran Karthikeyan, Abdulazees Parveez Ahamed et al.     Pure ZnO and Neodymium (Nd) doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by the co-precipitation method. The synthesized nanoparticles retained the wurtzite hexagonal …             Marine organism sulfated polysaccharides exhibiting significant antimalarial activity and inhibition of red blood cell invasion by Plasmodium ▶     Joana Marques, Eduardo Vilanova, Paulo A. S. Mourão et al.     The antimalarial activity of heparin, against which there are no resistances known, has not been therapeutically exploited due to its potent anticoagulating activity. Here, we …             Genetic architecture and mechanism of seed number per pod in rapeseed: elucidated through linkage and near-isogenic line analysis ▶     Yuhua Yang, Jiaqin Shi, Xinfa Wang et al.     Seed number per pod (SNPP) is one of the major yield components and breeding targets in rapeseed that shows great variation and is invaluable for genetic improvement. To …             Next-generation Sequencing Extends the Phenotypic Spectrum for LCA5 Mutations: Novel LCA5 Mutations in Cone Dystrophy ▶     Xue Chen, Xunlun Sheng, Xiantao Sun et al.     We aim to characterize the clinical features and genetic causes for two affected siblings from a Chinese family with cone dystrophy (CD). Two patients and four unaffected family …             Cell-permeable p38 MAP kinase promotes migration of adult neural stem/progenitor cells ▶     Makoto Hamanoue, Kazuhito Morioka, Ikuroh Ohsawa et al.     Endogenous neural stem/progenitor cells (NPCs) can migrate toward sites of injury, but the migration activity of NPCs is insufficient to regenerate damaged brain tissue. In this …             Ontogeny of sex differences in the energetics and kinematics of terrestrial locomotion in leghorn chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) ▶     K. A. Rose, K. T. Bates, R. L. Nudds et al.     Sex differences in locomotor performance may precede the onset of sexual maturity and/or arise concomitantly with secondary sex characteristics. Here, we present the first study …             A common theme in extracellular fluids of beetles: extracellular superoxide dismutases crucial for balancing ROS in response to microbial challenge ▶     René R. Gretscher, Priska E. Streicher, Anja S. Strauß et al.     Extracellular Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases (SODs) are critical for balancing the level of reactive oxygen species in the extracellular matrix of eukaryotes. In the present study …             ExtraPEG: A Polyethylene Glycol-Based Method for Enrichment of Extracellular Vesicles ▶     Mark A. Rider, Stephanie N. Hurwitz, David G. Meckes Jr.     Initially thought to be a means for cells to eliminate waste, secreted extracellular vesicles, known as exosomes, are now understood to mediate numerous healthy and pathological …             Treatment with hyperimmune equine immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin fragments completely protects rodents from Ebola virus infection ▶     Xuexing Zheng, Gary Wong, Yongkun Zhao et al.     Recent successes with monoclonal antibody cocktails ZMappTM and MIL77 against Ebola virus (EBOV) infections have reignited interest in antibody-based therapeutics. Since the …             Monocyte-derived macrophages exhibit distinct and more restricted HIV-1 integration site repertoire than CD4+ T cells ▶     Yik Lim Kok, Valentina Vongrad, Mohaned Shilaih et al.     The host genetic landscape surrounding integrated HIV-1 has an impact on the fate of the provirus. Studies analysing HIV-1 integration sites in macrophages are scarce. We studied …             Mapping the Nonreciprocal Micromechanics of Individual Cells and the Surrounding Matrix Within Living Tissues ▶     Xin Xu, Zhiyu Li, Luyao Cai et al.     The biomechanical properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) play an important role in cell migration, gene expression, and differentiation. Biomechanics measurements of ECM …             Transcriptome Variability in Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor Suggests Distinct Molecular Subtypes ▶     Shijia Hu, Kimon Divaris, Joel Parker et al.     Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor (KCOT) is a locally aggressive developmental cystic neoplasm thought to arise from the odontogenic epithelium. A high recurrence rate of up to 30% …             Colony-Level Differences in the Scaling Rules Governing Wood Ant Compound Eye Structure ▶     Craig D. Perl, Jeremy E. Niven     Differential organ growth during development is essential for adults to maintain the correct proportions and achieve their characteristic shape. Organs scale with body size, a …             New potential binding determinant for hERG channel inhibitors ▶     P. Saxena, E.-M. Zangerl-Plessl, T. Linder et al.     Human ether-à-go-go related gene (hERG) 1 channels conduct the rapid delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) and are essential for the repolarization of the cardiac action potential. …             Antibiofilm effect enhanced by modification of 1,2,3-triazole and palladium nanoparticles on polysulfone membranes ▶     Hong Cheng, Yihui Xie, Luis Francisco Villalobos et al.     Biofouling impedes the performance of membrane bioreactors. In this study, we investigated the antifouling effects of polysulfone membranes that were modified by 1,2,3-triazole …             ClusterViSu, a method for clustering of protein complexes by Voronoi tessellation in super-resolution microscopy ▶     Leonid Andronov, Igor Orlov, Yves Lutz et al.     Super-resolution microscopy (PALM, STORM etc.) provides a plethora of fluorescent signals in dense cellular environments which can be difficult to interpret. Here we describe …             Cell surface Glut1 levels distinguish human CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte subsets with distinct effector functions ▶     Gaspard Cretenet, Isabelle Clerc, Maria Matias et al.     CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte activation requires the generation of sufficient energy to support new biosynthetic demands. Following T cell receptor (TCR) engagement, these …             RUNX2 Mutation Impairs 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 mediated Osteoclastogenesis in Dental Follicle Cells ▶     X. Z. Wang, X. Y. Sun, C. Y. Zhang et al.     Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), a skeletal disorder characterized by delayed permanent tooth eruption and other dental abnormalities, is caused by heterozygous RUNX2 mutations. As …             Genome-wide CRISPR screen reveals novel host factors required for Staphylococcus aureus α-hemolysin-mediated toxicity ▶     Sebastian Virreira Winter, Arturo Zychlinsky, Bart W. Bardoel     Staphylococcus aureus causes a wide variety of infections and antibiotic resistant strains are a major problem in hospitals. One of the best studied virulence factors of S. aureus…             An eco-epidemiological study of Morbilli-related paramyxovirus infection in Madagascar bats reveals host-switching as the dominant macro-evolutionary mechanism ▶     Julien Mélade, Nicolas Wieseke, Beza Ramasindrazana et al.     An eco-epidemiological investigation was carried out on Madagascar bat communities to better understand the evolutionary mechanisms and environmental factors that affect virus …             Nox Complex signal and MAPK cascade pathway are cross-linked and essential for pathogenicity and conidiation of mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans ▶     Wei Wei, Wenjun Zhu, Jiasen Cheng et al.     The NADPH oxidase complex of a sclerotial mycoparasite Coniothyrium minitans, an important biocontrol agent against crop diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, was …             Accurate binning of metagenomic contigs via automated clustering sequences using information of genomic signatures and marker genes ▶     Hsin-Hung Lin, Yu-Chieh Liao     Metagenomics, the application of shotgun sequencing, facilitates the reconstruction of the genomes of individual species from natural environments. A major challenge in the …             Neurons in the inferior colliculus of the rat show stimulus-specific adaptation for frequency, but not for intensity ▶     Daniel Duque, Xin Wang, Javier Nieto-Diego et al.     Electrophysiological and psychophysical responses to a low-intensity probe sound tend to be suppressed by a preceding high-intensity adaptor sound. Nevertheless, rare …             Dynamic interaction of SARAF with STIM1 and Orai1 to modulate store-operated calcium entry ▶     Letizia Albarran, Jose J. Lopez, Nidhal Ben Amor et al.     Ca2+ influx by store-operated Ca2+ channels is a major mechanism for intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and cellular function. Here we present evidence for the dynamic interaction …             Quercetin, a Natural Flavonoid Interacts with DNA, Arrests Cell Cycle and Causes Tumor Regression by Activating Mitochondrial Pathway of Apoptosis ▶     Shikha Srivastava, Ranganatha R. Somasagara, Mahesh Hegde et al.     Naturally occurring compounds are considered as attractive candidates for cancer treatment and prevention. Quercetin and ellagic acid are naturally occurring flavonoids …             An Integrative Platform for Three-dimensional Quantitative Analysis of Spatially Heterogeneous Metastasis Landscapes ▶     Ian H. Guldner, Lin Yang, Kyle R. Cowdrick et al.     Metastatic microenvironments are spatially and compositionally heterogeneous. This seemingly stochastic heterogeneity provides researchers great challenges in elucidating factors …             CALHM1 deficiency impairs cerebral neuron activity and memory flexibility in mice ▶     Valérie Vingtdeux, Eric H. Chang, Stephen A. Frattini et al.     CALHM1 is a cell surface calcium channel expressed in cerebral neurons. CALHM1 function in the brain remains unknown, but recent results showed that neuronal CALHM1 controls …             Single Cell Transfection through Precise Microinjection with Quantitatively Controlled Injection Volumes ▶     Yu Ting Chow, Shuxun Chen, Ran Wang et al.     Cell transfection is a technique wherein foreign genetic molecules are delivered into cells. To elucidate distinct responses during cell genetic modification, methods to achieve …             Ablating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in CD11c+ cells perturbs intestinal epithelium development and intestinal immunity ▶     Song Hui Chng, Parag Kundu, Carmen Dominguez-Brauer et al.     Diet and microbiome derived indole derivatives are known to activate the ligand induced transcription factor, the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR). While the current understanding …             Overlapping Community Detection based on Network Decomposition ▶     Zhuanlian Ding, Xingyi Zhang, Dengdi Sun et al.     Community detection in complex network has become a vital step to understand the structure and dynamics of networks in various fields. However, traditional node clustering and …             Bioorthogonal two-component drug delivery in HER2(+) breast cancer mouse models ▶     Sudath Hapuarachchige, Yoshinori Kato, Dmitri Artemov     The HER2 receptor is overexpressed in approximately 20% of breast cancers and is associated with tumorigenesis, metastasis, and a poor prognosis. Trastuzumab is a first-line …             Incorporation of Fucoidan in β-Tricalcium phosphate-Chitosan scaffold prompts the differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells into osteogenic lineage ▶     Subramaniam Puvaneswary, Hanumantharao Balaji Raghavendran, Sepehr Talebian et al.     In our previous study, we reported the fabrication and characterization of a novel tricalcium phosphate-fucoidan-chitosan (TCP-Fu-Ch) biocomposite scaffold. However, the previous …             Molar concentration from sequential 2-D water-window X-ray ptychography and X-ray fluorescence in hydrated cells ▶     M. W. M. Jones, K. D. Elgass, M. D. Junker et al.     Recent developments in biological X-ray microscopy have allowed structural information and elemental distribution to be simultaneously obtained by combining X-ray ptychography …             Aflatoxin B1 contamination in maize in Europe increases due to climate change ▶     P. Battilani, P. Toscano, H. J. Van der Fels-Klerx et al.     Climate change has been reported as a driver for emerging food and feed safety issues worldwide and its expected impact on the presence of mycotoxins in food and feed is of great …             Systematic characterization of seminal plasma piRNAs as molecular biomarkers for male infertility ▶     Yeting Hong, Cheng Wang, Zheng Fu et al.     Although piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) play pivotal roles in spermatogenesis, little is known about piRNAs in the seminal plasma of infertile males. In this study, we …             The BET inhibitor OTX015 reactivates latent HIV-1 through P-TEFb ▶     Panpan Lu, Xiying Qu, Yinzhong Shen et al.     None of the currently used anti-HIV-1 agents can effectively eliminate latent HIV-1 reservoirs, which is a major hurdle to a complete cure for AIDS. 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