Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 28 June 2016

28 June 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences           Biological Sciences ▲ top               Corrigendum: Prioritizing functional phosphorylation sites based on multiple feature integration ▶     Qingyu Xiao, Benpeng Miao, Jie Bi et al.                 Three-dimensional bioprinting using self-assembling scalable scaffold-free “tissue strands” as a new bioink ▶     Yin Yu, Kazim K. Moncal, Jianqiang Li et al.     Recent advances in bioprinting have granted tissue engineers the ability to assemble biomaterials, cells, and signaling molecules into anatomically relevant functional tissues or …             Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus delays apoptotic responses via activation of STAT3 ▶     Kenrie P. Y. Hui, Hung Sing Li, Man Chun Cheung et al.     Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus continues to pose pandemic threat, but there is a lack of understanding of its pathogenesis. We compared the apoptotic …             Encoding of mechanical nociception differs in the adult and infant brain ▶     Lorenzo Fabrizi, Madeleine Verriotis, Gemma Williams et al.     Newborn human infants display robust pain behaviour and specific cortical activity following noxious skin stimulation, but it is not known whether brain processing of nociceptive …             The Lombard effect in male ultrasonic frogs: Regulating antiphonal signal frequency and amplitude in noise ▶     Jun-Xian Shen, Zhi-Min Xu     Acoustic communication in noisy environments presents a significant challenge for vocal animals because noise can interfere with animal acoustic signals by decreasing …             3,6-dihydroxyflavone suppresses the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells by inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway ▶     Junli Chen, Hui Chang, Xiaoli Peng et al.     The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical developmental program in cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance and in cancer metastasis. Here, our study found that …             Corrigendum: Global diversity in the TAS2R38 bitter taste receptor: revisiting a classic evolutionary PROPosal ▶     Davide S. Risso, Massimo Mezzavilla, Luca Pagani et al.                 DDX3 Represses Stemness by Epigenetically Modulating Tumor-suppressive miRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma ▶     Hao-Kang Li, Ru-Tsun Mai, Hsien-Da Huang et al.     Studies indicate that the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) is responsible for poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. In this study, the functional role of …             Crosstalk between cellular compartments protects against proteotoxicity and extends lifespan ▶     Matea Perić, Peter Bou Dib, Sven Dennerlein et al.     In cells living under optimal conditions, protein folding defects are usually prevented by the action of chaperones. Here, we investigate the cell-wide consequences of loss of …             Loss of flotillin expression results in weakened desmosomal adhesion and Pemphigus vulgaris-like localisation of desmoglein-3 in human keratinocytes ▶     Frauke Völlner, Jawahir Ali, Nina Kurrle et al.     Desmosomes are adhesion plaques that mediate cell-cell adhesion in many tissues, including the epidermis, and generate mechanical resistance to tissues. The extracellular domains …             Stress-induced nuclear translocation of CDK5 suppresses neuronal death by downregulating ERK activation via VRK3 phosphorylation ▶     Haengjin Song, Wanil Kim, Jung-Hyun Choi et al.     Although extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) activity is generally associated with cell survival, prolonged ERK activation induced by oxidative stress also mediates …             A high-density genetic map and growth related QTL mapping in bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) ▶     Beide Fu, Haiyang Liu, Xiaomu Yu et al.     Growth related traits in fish are controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL), but no QTL for growth have been detected in bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) due to the …             CTCF contributes in a critical way to spermatogenesis and male fertility ▶     Abrahan Hernández-Hernández, Ingrid Lilienthal, Nanaho Fukuda et al.     The CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) is an architectural protein that governs chromatin organization and gene expression in somatic cells. Here, we show that CTCF regulates chromatin …             Bivalent vaccine platform based on Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) elicits neutralizing antibodies against JEV and hepatitis C virus ▶     Ryohei Saga, Akira Fujimoto, Noriyuki Watanabe et al.     Directly acting antivirals recently have become available for the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but there is no prophylactic vaccine for HCV. In the present …             Krüppel-like Factor 4 modulates interleukin-6 release in human dendritic cells after in vitro stimulation with Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans ▶     Kristin Czakai, Ines Leonhardt, Andreas Dix et al.     Invasive fungal infections are associated with high mortality rates and are mostly caused by the opportunistic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans. Immune responses …             A Role for Nuclear Actin in HDAC 1 and 2 Regulation ▶     Leonid A. Serebryannyy, Christina M. Cruz, Primal de Lanerolle     Class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) are known to remove acetyl groups from histone tails. This liberates positive charges on the histone tail and allows for tighter winding of …             Global transcriptome changes in perennial ryegrass during early infection by pink snow mould ▶     Mallikarjuna Rao Kovi, Mohamed Abdelhalim, Anil Kunapareddy et al.     Lack of resistance to pink snow mould (Microdochium nivale) is a major constraint for adaptation of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to continental regions with …             Involvement of Cl−/HCO3− exchanger SLC26A3 and SLC26A6 in preimplantation embryo cleavage ▶     Yong Chao Lu, Jing Yang, Kin Lam Fok et al.     Bicarbonate (HCO3−) is essential for preimplantation embryo development. However, the mechanism underlying the HCO3− transport into the embryo remains elusive. In the present …             Characterization of genome-wide SNPs for the water flea Daphnia pulicaria generated by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) ▶     Joaquín Muñoz, Anurag Chaturvedi, Luc De Meester et al.     The keystone aquatic herbivore Daphnia has been studied for more than 150 years in the context of evolution, ecology and ecotoxicology. Although it is rapidly becoming an …             Integrative analyses shed new light on human ribosomal protein gene regulation ▶     Xin Li, Yiyu Zheng, Haiyan Hu et al.     Ribosomal protein genes (RPGs) are important house-keeping genes that are well-known for their coordinated expression. Previous studies on RPGs are largely limited to their …             Induction of a stable sigma factor SigR by translation-inhibiting antibiotics confers resistance to antibiotics ▶     Ji-Sun Yoo, Gyeong-Seok Oh, Sungweon Ryoo et al.     Antibiotic-producing streptomycetes are rich sources of resistance mechanisms against endogenous and exogenous antibiotics. An ECF sigma factor σR (SigR) is known to govern the …             The Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Protects Against Alcoholic Liver Disease Via a Macrophage Autophagy-Dependent Pathway ▶     Timothé Denaës, Jasper Lodder, Marie-Noële Chobert et al.     Kupffer cells, the resident macrophages of the liver, play a major role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. We have previously demonstrated that CB2 receptor protects …             In vivo 3D analysis of systemic effects after local heavy-ion beam irradiation in an animal model ▶     Kento Nagata, Chika Hashimoto, Tomomi Watanabe-Asaka et al.     Radiotherapy is widely used in cancer treatment. In addition to inducing effects in the irradiated area, irradiation may induce effects on tissues close to and distant from the …             Leptin promotes VEGF-C production and induces lymphangiogenesis by suppressing miR-27b in human chondrosarcoma cells ▶     Wei-Hung Yang, An-Chen Chang, Shih-Wei Wang et al.     Chondrosarcoma is the second most frequently occurring type of bone malignancy that is characterized by the distant metastasis propensity. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C …             Quantitative analysis of co-oligomer formation by amyloid-beta peptide isoforms ▶     Marija Iljina, Gonzalo A. Garcia, Alexander J. Dear et al.     Multiple isoforms of aggregation-prone proteins are present under physiological conditions and have the propensity to assemble into co-oligomers with different properties from …             Ecological Responses to Extreme Flooding Events: A Case Study with a Reintroduced Bird ▶     Andrea Soriano-Redondo, Stuart Bearhop, Ian R. Cleasby et al.     In recent years numerous studies have documented the effects of a changing climate on the world’s biodiversity. Although extreme weather events are predicted to increase in …             BcMtg2 is required for multiple stress tolerance, vegetative development and virulence in Botrytis cinerea ▶     Wenyong Shao, Yu Zhang, Jin Wang et al.     In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Mtg2 gene encodes the Obg protein, which has an important function in assembling ribosomal subunits. However, little is known about the role of …             Planning for assisted colonization of plants in a warming world ▶     Alessandro Ferrarini, Alberto Selvaggi, Thomas Abeli et al.     Assisted colonization is one way of facilitating range shifts for species that are restricted in their ability to move in response to climate change. Here we conceptualize and …             Evidence of extensive non-allelic gene conversion among LTR elements in the human genome ▶     Beniamino Trombetta, Gloria Fantini, Eugenia D’Atanasio et al.     Long Terminal Repeats (LTRs) are nearly identical DNA sequences found at either end of Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs). The high sequence similarity that exists among …             DJ-1 deficiency impairs glutamate uptake into astrocytes via the regulation of flotillin-1 and caveolin-1 expression ▶     Jin-Mo Kim, Seon-Heui Cha, Yu Ree Choi et al.     Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Although the cause of PD is still poorly understood, mutations in many genes including …             Hypoxia-inducible factor 3A gene expression and methylation in adipose tissue is related to adipose tissue dysfunction ▶     Susanne Pfeiffer, Jacqueline Krüger, Anna Maierhofer et al.     Recently, a genome-wide analysis identified DNA methylation of the HIF3A (hypoxia-inducible factor 3A) as strongest correlate of BMI. Here we tested the hypothesis that HIF3A …             Mice that lack the C-terminal region of Reelin exhibit behavioral abnormalities related to neuropsychiatric disorders ▶     Kaori Sakai, Hirotaka Shoji, Takao Kohno et al.     The secreted glycoprotein Reelin is believed to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of several neuropsychiatric disorders. The highly basic C-terminal region (CTR) of Reelin …             Histone modifications and p53 binding poise the p21 promoter for activation in human embryonic stem cells ▶     Yoko Itahana, Jinqiu Zhang, Jonathan Göke et al.     The high proliferation rate of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is thought to arise partly from very low expression of p21. However, how p21 is suppressed in ESCs has been unclear. We …             Comparative Structural and Computational Analysis Supports Eighteen Cellulose Synthases in the Plant Cellulose Synthesis Complex ▶     B. Tracy Nixon, Katayoun Mansouri, Abhishek Singh et al.     A six-lobed membrane spanning cellulose synthesis complex (CSC) containing multiple cellulose synthase (CESA) glycosyltransferases mediates cellulose microfibril formation. The …             Curcumin protects mice from Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia by interfering with the self-assembly process of α-hemolysin ▶     Jianfeng Wang, Xuan Zhou, Wenhua Li et al.     α-hemolysin (Hla) is a self-assembling extracellular protein secreted as a soluble monomer by most Staphylococcus aureus strains and is an essential virulence factor for the …             Prevalence and Dynamics of Ribosomal DNA Micro-heterogeneity Are Linked to Population History in Two Contrasting Yeast Species ▶     Stephen A. James, Claire West, Robert P. Davey et al.     Despite the considerable number and taxonomic breadth of past and current genome sequencing projects, many of which necessarily encompass the ribosomal DNA, detailed information …             Efficient Generation of Corticofugal Projection Neurons from Human Embryonic Stem Cells ▶     Xiaoqing Zhu, Zongyong Ai, Xintian Hu et al.     Efforts to study development and function of corticofugal projection neurons (CfuPNs) in the human cerebral cortex for health and disease have been limited by the unavailability …             Intramolecular trimerization, a novel strategy for making multispecific antibodies with controlled orientation of the antigen binding domains ▶     Ana Alvarez-Cienfuegos, Natalia Nuñez-Prado, Marta Compte et al.     Here, we describe a new strategy that allows the rapid and efficient engineering of mono and multispecific trivalent antibodies. By fusing single-domain antibodies from camelid …             Costs of life - Dynamics of the protein inventory of Staphylococcus aureus during anaerobiosis ▶     Daniela Zühlke, Kirsten Dörries, Jörg Bernhardt et al.     Absolute protein quantification was applied to follow the dynamics of the cytoplasmic proteome of Staphylococcus aureus in response to long-term oxygen starvation. For 1,168 …             Thioredoxin reductase 1 suppresses adipocyte differentiation and insulin responsiveness ▶     Xiaoxiao Peng, Alfredo Giménez-Cassina, Paul Petrus et al.     Recently thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1), encoded by Txnrd1, was suggested to modulate glucose and lipid metabolism in mice. Here we discovered that TrxR1 suppresses insulin …             A panel of free fatty acid ratios to predict the development of metabolic abnormalities in healthy obese individuals ▶     Linjing Zhao, Yan Ni, Xiaojing Ma et al.     Increasing evidences support that metabolically healthy obese (MHO) is a transient state. However, little is known about the early markers associated with the development of …             Two types of soybean diacylglycerol acyltransferases are differentially involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis and response to environmental stresses and hormones ▶     BeiBei Chen, Junejie Wang, Gaoyang Zhang et al.     Diacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) play a key role in plant triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis. Two type 1 and 2 DGATs from soybean were characterized for their functions in …             Physiological and molecular evidence of differential short-term heat tolerance in Mediterranean seagrasses ▶     Lazaro Marín-Guirao, Juan M. Ruiz, Emanuela Dattolo et al.     The increase in extreme heat events associated to global warming threatens seagrass ecosystems, likely by affecting key plant physiological processes such as photosynthesis and …             Netrin-G1 regulates fear-like and anxiety-like behaviors in dissociable neural circuits ▶     Qi Zhang, Chie Sano, Akira Masuda et al.     In vertebrate mammals, distributed neural circuits in the brain are involved in emotion-related behavior. Netrin-G1 is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored synaptic adhesion …             The role of environmental constraints in walking: Effects of steering and sharp turns on gait dynamics ▶     Dobromir G. Dotov, Benoît G. Bardy, Simone Dalla Bella     Stride durations in gait exhibit long-range correlation (LRC) which tends to disappear with certain movement disorders. The loss of LRC has been hypothesized to result from a …             Gibberellin deficiency is responsible for shy-flowering nature of Epipremnum aureum ▶     Chiu-Yueh Hung, Jie Qiu, Ying-Hsuan Sun et al.     Epipremnum aureum is an extremely popular houseplant belonging to the Araceae family of angiosperms, but it does not flower either in the wild or under cultivation. We uncovered …             Neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis ▶     Charles L. Howe, Reghann G. LaFrance-Corey, Kanish Mirchia et al.     Neurologic complications associated with viral encephalitis, including seizures and cognitive impairment, are a global health issue, especially in children. We previously showed …             Mechanical perturbations trigger endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in human red blood cells ▶     Shunmugan Nagarajan, Rajendran Kadarkarai Raj, Venkatesan Saravanakumar et al.     Nitric oxide (NO), a vascular signaling molecule, is primarily produced by endothelial NO synthase. Recently, a functional endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) was described in red …             Identifying Kinase Substrates via a Heavy ATP Kinase Assay and Quantitative Mass Spectrometry ▶     André C. Müller, Roberto Giambruno, Juliane Weißer et al.     Mass spectrometry-based in vitro kinase screens play an essential role in the discovery of kinase substrates, however, many suffer from biological and technical noise or …             Btg2 is a Negative Regulator of Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy through a Decrease in Cytosolic RNA ▶     Yuki Masumura, Shuichiro Higo, Yoshihiro Asano et al.     Under hypertrophic stimulation, cardiomyocytes enter a hypermetabolic state and accelerate biomass accumulation. Although the molecular pathways that regulate protein levels are …             Layer-specific potentiation of network GABAergic inhibition in the CA1 area of the hippocampus ▶     Michelangelo Colavita, Geoffrey Terral, Clement E. Lemercier et al.     One of the most important functions of GABAergic inhibition in cortical regions is the tight control of spatiotemporal activity of principal neuronal ensembles. However, …             A theoretical estimate for nucleotide sugar demand towards Chinese Hamster Ovary cellular glycosylation ▶     Ioscani Jimenez del Val, Karen M. Polizzi, Cleo Kontoravdi     Glycosylation greatly influences the safety and efficacy of many of the highest-selling recombinant therapeutic proteins (rTPs). In order to define optimal cell culture feeding …             Insecticide resistance and nutrition interactively shape life-history parameters in German cockroaches ▶     Kim Jensen, Alexander E. Ko, Coby Schal et al.     Fitness-related costs of evolving insecticide resistance have been reported in a number of insect species, but the interplay between evolutionary adaptation to insecticide …             The new and recurrent FLT3 juxtamembrane deletion mutation shows a dominant negative effect on the wild-type FLT3 receptor ▶     Nadine Sandhöfer, Julia Bauer, Katrin Reiter et al.     In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is one of the most frequently mutated genes. Recently, a new and recurrent juxtamembrane deletion mutation …             Dexras1 links glucocorticoids to insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling in adipogenesis ▶     Hyo Jung Kim, Jiyoung Y. Cha, Jo Woon Seok et al.     Glucocorticoids are associated with obesity, but the underlying mechanism by which they function remains poorly understood. Previously, we showed that small G protein Dexras1 is …             Stochastic Evolution Dynamic of the Rock–Scissors–Paper Game Based on a Quasi Birth and Death Process ▶     Qian Yu, Debin Fang, Xiaoling Zhang et al.     Stochasticity plays an important role in the evolutionary dynamic of cyclic dominance within a finite population. To investigate the stochastic evolution process of the behaviour …             Multiple sclerosis patients have a distinct gut microbiota compared to healthy controls ▶     Jun Chen, Nicholas Chia, Krishna R. Kalari et al.     Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease, the etiology of which involves both genetic and environmental factors. The exact nature of the environmental factors …             Ndk, a novel host-responsive regulator, negatively regulates bacterial virulence through quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Hua Yu, Junzhi Xiong, Rong Zhang et al.     Pathogenic bacteria could adjust gene expression to enable their survival in the distinct host environment. However, the mechanism by which bacteria adapt to the host environment …             Urbanization affects neophilia and risk-taking at bird-feeders ▶     Piotr Tryjanowski, Anders Pape Møller, Federico Morelli et al.     Urban environments cover vast areas with a high density of humans and their dogs and cats causing problems for exploitation of new resources by wild animals. Such resources …             Let-7i-5p represses brite adipocyte function in mice and humans ▶     Maude Giroud, Michael Karbiener, Didier F. Pisani et al.     In response to cold or β3-adrenoreceptor stimulation brown adipose tissue (BAT) promotes non-shivering thermogenesis, leading to energy dissipation. BAT has long been thought to …             Structural and functional characterization of the CAP domain of pathogen-related yeast 1 (Pry1) protein ▶     Rabih Darwiche, Alan Kelleher, Elissa M. Hudspeth et al.     The production, crystal structure, and functional characterization of the C-terminal cysteine-rich secretory protein/antigen 5/pathogenesis related-1 (CAP) domain of …             Calcitonin attenuates cartilage degeneration and nociception in an experimental rat model of osteoarthritis: role of TGF-β in chondrocytes ▶     Zhi-Hong Wen, Chi-Chieh Tang, Yi-Chen Chang et al.     We investigated the role of the calcitonin (Miacalcin) in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and in nociceptive behavior in an experimental rat model of OA and osteoporosis. …             Amber Light (590 nm) Induces the Breakdown of Lipid Droplets through Autophagy-Related Lysosomal Degradation in Differentiated Adipocytes ▶     Min Sik Choi, Hyoung-June Kim, Mira Ham et al.     Lipolysis in the adipocytes provides free fatty acids for other tissues in response to the energy demand. With the rapid increase in obesity-related diseases, finding novel …             High Expression of RIOK2 and NOB1 Predict Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Outcomes ▶     Kun Liu, Hong-Lin Chen, Shuo Wang et al.     Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. However, there is a shortage of suitable diagnostic markers for early stages of …             Thiazine Red+ platelet inclusions in Cerebral Blood Vessels are first signs in an Alzheimer’s Disease mouse model ▶     Kathrin M. Kniewallner, Daniela Wenzel, Christian Humpel     Strong evidence shows an association between cerebral vascular diseases and Alzheimer´s disease (AD). In order to study the interaction of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques with brain …             Dispersal similarly shapes both population genetics and community patterns in the marine realm ▶     Guillem Chust, Ernesto Villarino, Anne Chenuil et al.     Dispersal plays a key role to connect populations and, if limited, is one of the main processes to maintain and generate regional biodiversity. According to neutral theories of …             N-terminal tetrapeptide T/SPLH motifs contribute to multimodal activation of human TRPA1 channel ▶     Anna Hynkova, Lenka Marsakova, Jana Vaskova et al.     Human transient receptor potential ankyrin channel 1 (TRPA1) is a polymodal sensor implicated in pain, inflammation and itching. An important locus for TRPA1 regulation is the …             Zolpidem is a potent stoichiometry-selective modulator of α1β3 GABAA receptors: evidence of a novel benzodiazepine site in the α1-α1 interface ▶     Ahmad Tarmizi Che Has, Nathan Absalom, Petra S. van Nieuwenhuijzen et al.     Zolpidem is not a typical GABAA receptor hypnotic. Unlike benzodiazepines, zolpidem modulates tonic GABA currents in the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, exhibits residual …             A previously unrecognized role of C3a in proteinuric progressive nephropathy ▶     Marina Morigi, Monica Locatelli, Cinzia Rota et al.     Podocyte loss is the initial event in the development of glomerulosclerosis, the structural hallmark of progressive proteinuric nephropathies. Understanding mechanisms underlying …             Negative reciprocal regulation between Sirt1 and Per2 modulates the circadian clock and aging ▶     Rui-Hong Wang, Tingrui Zhao, Kairong Cui et al.     Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is involved in both aging and circadian-clock regulation, yet the link between the two processes in relation to SIRT1 function is not clear. Using Sirt1…             Corrigendum: Inhibition of NF-κB by deoxycholic acid induces miR-21/PDCD4-dependent hepatocellular apoptosis ▶     Pedro M. Rodrigues, Marta B. Afonso, André L. Simão et al.                 Identification of a 5-Methylcytosine Site that may Regulate C/EBPβ Binding and Determine Tissue-Specific Expression of the BPI Gene in Piglets ▶     Li Sun, Jing Wang, Xuemei Yin et al.     Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) plays an important role in innate immune defense in mammals. A previous study showed that BPI gene expression correlates to …             SAS6-like protein in Plasmodium indicates that conoid-associated apical complex proteins persist in invasive stages within the mosquito vector ▶     Richard J. Wall, Magali Roques, Nicholas J. Katris et al.     The SAS6-like (SAS6L) protein, a truncated paralogue of the ubiquitous basal body/centriole protein SAS6, has been characterised recently as a flagellum protein in …             Function-specific virtual screening for GPCR ligands using a combined scoring method ▶     Albert J. Kooistra, Henry F. Vischer, Daniel McNaught-Flores et al.     The ability of scoring functions to correctly select and rank docking poses of small molecules in protein binding sites is highly target dependent, which presents a challenge for …             A portable trap with electric lead catches up to 75% of an invasive fish species ▶     Nicholas S. Johnson, Scott Miehls, Lisa M. O’Connor et al.     A novel system combining a trap and pulsed direct current electricity was able to catch up to 75% of tagged invasive sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus in free-flowing streams. …             Different Effects of sgRNA Length on CRISPR-mediated Gene Knockout Efficiency ▶     Jian-Ping Zhang, Xiao-Lan Li, Amanda Neises et al.     CRISPR-Cas9 is a powerful genome editing technology, yet with off-target effects. Truncated sgRNAs (17nt) have been found to decrease off-target cleavage without affecting …             The dynamics of human behavior in the public goods game with institutional incentives ▶     Yali Dong, Boyu Zhang, Yi Tao     The empirical research on the public goods game (PGG) indicates that both institutional rewards and institutional punishment can curb free-riding and that the punishment effect …             AurkA controls self-renewal of breast cancer-initiating cells promoting wnt3a stabilization through suppression of miR-128 ▶     V. Eterno, A. Zambelli, L. Villani et al.     AurkA overexpression was previously found in breast cancer and associated to its ability in controlling chromosome segregation during mitosis, however whether it may affect …             Precision Modulation of Neurodegenerative Disease-Related Gene Expression in Human iPSC-Derived Neurons ▶     Sabrina Mahalia Heman-Ackah, Andrew Roger Bassett, Matthew John Andrew Wood     The ability to reprogram adult somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and the subsequent development of protocols for their differentiation into …             A practical online tool to estimate antiretroviral coverage for HIV infected and susceptible populations needed to reduce local HIV epidemics ▶     Antoine Chaillon, Martin Hoenigl, Sanjay R. Mehta et al.     It remains unclear what proportions of HIV-infected and uninfected people should receive effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) to control local HIV epidemics. We developed a …             Intestinally-targeted TGR5 agonists equipped with quaternary ammonium have an improved hypoglycemic effect and reduced gallbladder filling effect ▶     Hua Cao, Zhi-Xiang Chen, Kai Wang et al.     TGR5 activation of enteroendocrine cells increases glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) release, which maintains glycemic homeostasis. However, TGR5 activation in the gallbladder and …             Systems pathway engineering of Corynebacterium crenatum for improved L-arginine production ▶     Zaiwei Man, Meijuan Xu, Zhiming Rao et al.     L-arginine is an important amino acid in food and pharmaceutical industries. Until now, the main production method of L-arginine in China is the highly polluting keratin acid …             REAC technology and hyaluron synthase 2, an interesting network to slow down stem cell senescence ▶     Margherita Maioli, Salvatore Rinaldi, Gianfranco Pigliaru et al.     Hyaluronic acid (HA) plays a fundamental role in cell polarity and hydrodynamic processes, affording significant modulation of proliferation, migration, morphogenesis and …             Assessing quality of Medicago sativa silage by monitoring bacterial composition with single molecule, real-time sequencing technology and various physiological parameters ▶     Weichen Bao, Zhihui Mi, Haiyan Xu et al.     The present study applied the PacBio single molecule, real-time sequencing technology (SMRT) in evaluating the quality of silage production. Specifically, we produced four types …             Ventromedial prefrontal cortex, adding value to autobiographical memories ▶     Wen-Jing Lin, Aidan J. Horner, Neil Burgess     The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been consistently implicated in autobiographical memory recall and decision making. Its function in decision making tasks is believed to …             The odor of a plant metabolite affects life history traits in dietary restricted adult olive flies ▶     Christos D. Gerofotis, Charalampos S. Ioannou, Christos T. Nakas et al.     Food quality shapes life history traits either directly or through response of individuals to additional environmental factors, such as chemical cues. Plant extracts used as food …             Paternal overweight is associated with increased breast cancer risk in daughters in a mouse model ▶     Camile Castilho Fontelles, Elissa Carney, Johan Clarke et al.     While many studies have shown that maternal weight and nutrition in pregnancy affects offspring’s breast cancer risk, no studies have investigated the impact of paternal body …             Prostacyclin reverses the cigarette smoke-induced decrease in pulmonary Frizzled 9 expression through miR-31 ▶     M. A. Tennis, M. L. New, D. G. McArthur et al.     Half of lung cancers are diagnosed in former smokers, leading to a significant treatment burden in this population. Chemoprevention in former smokers using the prostacyclin …             Using oriented peptide array libraries to evaluate methylarginine-specific antibodies and arginine methyltransferase substrate motifs ▶     Sitaram Gayatri, Martis W. Cowles, Vidyasiri Vemulapalli et al.     Signal transduction in response to stimuli relies on the generation of cascades of posttranslational modifications that promote protein-protein interactions and facilitate the …             Bacillus cereus strain S2 shows high nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita by producing sphingosine ▶     Huijuan Gao, Gaofu Qi, Rong Yin et al.     Plant-parasitic nematodes cause serious crop losses worldwidely. This study intended to discover the antagonistic mechanism of Bacillus cereus strain S2 against Meloidogyne …             STARD6 on steroids: solution structure, multiple timescale backbone dynamics and ligand binding mechanism ▶     Danny Létourneau, Mikaël Bédard, Jérôme Cabana et al.     START domain proteins are conserved α/β helix-grip fold that play a role in the non-vesicular and intracellular transport of lipids and sterols. The mechanism and conformational …             An engineered tale-transcription factor rescues transcription of factor VII impaired by promoter mutations and enhances its endogenous expression in hepatocytes ▶     Elena Barbon, Silvia Pignani, Alessio Branchini et al.     Tailored approaches to restore defective transcription responsible for severe diseases have been poorly explored. We tested transcription activator-like effectors fused to an …             Conditioning adaptive combination of P-values method to analyze case-parent trios with or without population controls ▶     Wan-Yu Lin, Yun-Chieh Liang     Detection of rare causal variants can help uncover the etiology of complex diseases. Recruiting case-parent trios is a popular study design in family-based studies. If …             Transcriptome sequencing uncovers a three–long noncoding RNA signature in predicting breast cancer survival ▶     Wenna Guo, Qiang Wang, Yueping Zhan et al.     Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in tumorigenesis. The aim of this study is to identify lncRNA signature that can predict breast cancer patient survival. RNA …             Gene Expression Profiling of Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis ▶     Ji Yun Lee, Kyunghee Park, Eunjin Lee et al.     The biology of breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) is poorly understood. We aimed to explore genes that are implicated in the process of brain metastasis of primary breast …             A Panel of Serum MiRNA Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Severe to Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Humans ▶     Manish Bhomia, Nagaraja S. Balakathiresan, Kevin K. Wang et al.     MicroRNAs (MiRNAs) are small endogenous RNA molecules and have emerged as novel serum diagnostic biomarkers for several diseases due to their stability and detection at minute …             Structural transitions in full-length human prion protein detected by xenon as probe and spin labeling of the N-terminal domain ▶     Sunilkumar Puthenpurackal Narayanan, Divya Gopalakrishnan Nair, Daniel Schaal et al.     Fatal neurodegenerative disorders termed transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are associated with the accumulation of fibrils of misfolded prion protein PrP. The …             De novo intrachromosomal gene conversion from OPN1MW to OPN1LW in the male germline results in Blue Cone Monochromacy ▶     Elena Buena-Atienza, Klaus Rüther, Britta Baumann et al.     X-linked cone dysfunction disorders such as Blue Cone Monochromacy and X-linked Cone Dystrophy are characterized by complete loss (of) or reduced L- and M- cone function due to …             The rubber tree genome shows expansion of gene family associated with rubber biosynthesis ▶     Nyok-Sean Lau, Yuko Makita, Mika Kawashima et al.     Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg, a member of the family Euphorbiaceae, is the sole natural resource exploited for commercial production of high-quality natural rubber. The …             Screening for protein-protein interactions using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) ▶     Anca Margineanu, Jia Jia Chan, Douglas J. Kelly et al.     We present a high content multiwell plate cell-based assay approach to quantify protein interactions directly in cells using Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) read out by …             Adaptive tuning functions arise from visual observation of past movement ▶     Ian S. Howard, David W. Franklin     Visual observation of movement plays a key role in action. For example, tennis players have little time to react to the ball, but still need to prepare the appropriate stroke. …             The Phosphorylation and Distribution of Cortactin Downstream of Integrin α9β1 Affects Cancer Cell Behaviour ▶     Anette M. Høye, John R. Couchman, Ulla M. Wewer et al.     Integrins, a family of heterodimeric adhesion receptors are implicated in cell migration, development and cancer progression. They can adopt conformations that reflect their …             Divergent viral presentation among human tumors and adjacent normal tissues ▶     Song Cao, Michael C. Wendl, Matthew A. Wyczalkowski et al.     We applied a newly developed bioinformatics system called VirusScan to investigate the viral basis of 6,813 human tumors and 559 adjacent normal samples across 23 cancer types …             Myeloid-Specific Blockade of Notch Signaling Attenuates Choroidal Neovascularization through Compromised Macrophage Infiltration and Polarization in Mice ▶     Guo-Rui Dou, Na Li, Tian-Fang Chang et al.     Macrophages have been recognized as an important inflammatory component in choroidal neovascularization (CNV). However, it is unclear how these cells are activated and polarized, …             Effect of curcumin analogs onα-synuclein aggregation and cytotoxicity ▶     Narendra Nath Jha, Dhiman Ghosh, Subhadeep Das et al.     Alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation into oligomers and fibrils is associated with dopaminergic neuron loss occurring in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis. Compounds that …             Sperm whale predator-prey interactions involve chasing and buzzing, but no acoustic stunning ▶     A. Fais, M. Johnson, M. Wilson et al.     The sperm whale carries a hypertrophied nose that generates powerful clicks for long-range echolocation. However, it remains a conundrum how this bizarrely shaped apex predator …             Increased CXCR3 Expression of Infiltrating Plasma Cells in Hunner Type Interstitial Cystitis ▶     Yoshiyuki Akiyama, Teppei Morikawa, Daichi Maeda et al.     An up-regulated CXCR3 pathway and affluent plasma cell infiltration are characteristic features of Hunner type interstitial cystitis (HIC). We further examined these two features …             Photo-derived transformation from modified chitosan@calcium carbonate nanohybrids to nanosponges ▶     Jeong Hoon Byeon     Zwitterionic chitosan (ZC)@calcium carbonate (CC) nanoparticles were conveniently obtained and transformed to biocompatible nanosponges by continuous gas-phase photo-derived …             Photochromic switching of the DNA helicity induced by azobenzene derivatives ▶     Marco Deiana, Ziemowit Pokladek, Joanna Olesiak-Banska et al.     The photochromic properties of azobenzene, involving conformational changes occurring upon interaction with light, provide an excellent tool to establish new ways of selective …             Allosteric modulation of AURKA kinase activity by a small-molecule inhibitor of its protein-protein interaction with TPX2 ▶     Matej Janeček, Maxim Rossmann, Pooja Sharma et al.     The essential mitotic kinase Aurora A (AURKA) is controlled during cell cycle progression via two distinct mechanisms. Following activation loop autophosphorylation early in …             HTRA1 promoter variant differentiates polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy from exudative age-related macular degeneration ▶     Tsz Kin Ng, Xiao Ying Liang, Timothy Y. Y. Lai et al.     Exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) share similar abnormal choroidal vasculature, but responses to treatments are …             Genetic polymorphisms of IL-17A, IL-17F, TLR4 and miR-146a in association with the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis ▶     Min Wang, Guisheng Xu, Lingshuang Lü et al.     Genetic factors affect host susceptibility to pathogens. In this population-based case control study, we explored the genetic polymorphisms of IL-17, TLR4 and miR-146a in …             Evolution of 2009 H1N1 influenza viruses during the pandemic correlates with increased viral pathogenicity and transmissibility in the ferret model ▶     Anna Otte, Anthony C. Marriott, Carola Dreier et al.     There is increasing evidence that 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza viruses have evolved after pandemic onset giving rise to severe epidemics in subsequent waves. However, it still …             Corrigendum: Recurrent hormone-binding domain truncated ESR1 amplifications in primary endometrial cancers suggest their implication in hormone independent growth ▶     Frederik Holst, Erling A. Hoivik, William J. Gibson et al.                 Biogas generation in anaerobic wastewater treatment under tetracycline antibiotic pressure ▶     Meiqing Lu, Xiaojun Niu, Wei Liu et al.     The effect of tetracycline (TC) antibiotic on biogas generation in anaerobic wastewater treatment was studied. A lab-scale Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) with three compartments …             Resonance Raman Probes for Organelle-Specific Labeling in Live Cells ▶     Andrey N. Kuzmin, Artem Pliss, Chang-Keun Lim et al.     Raman microspectroscopy provides for high-resolution non-invasive molecular analysis of biological samples and has a breakthrough potential for dissection of cellular molecular …             The anti-angiogenic effect and novel mechanisms of action of Combretastatin A-4 ▶     Min Su, Jingjia Huang, Suyou Liu et al.     Combretastatin A-4 (CA4) is the lead compound of a relatively new class of vascular disrupting agents that target existing tumor blood vessels. Recent studies showed the CA4 …             The association between polyomavirus BK strains and BKV viruria in liver transplant recipients ▶     Robert Y. L. Wang, Yi-Jung Li, Wei-Chen Lee et al.     BK virus (BKV) is a polyomavirus that cause of allograft dysfunction among kidney transplant recipients. The role of BKV infection in non-renal solid organ transplant recipients …             Mendelian Randomisation study of the influence of eGFR on coronary heart disease ▶     Pimphen Charoen, Dorothea Nitsch, Jorgen Engmann et al.     Impaired kidney function, as measured by reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), has been associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in …             XBP1 splicing triggers miR-150 transfer from smooth muscle cells to endothelial cells via extracellular vesicles ▶     Yue Zhao, Yi Li, Peiyi Luo et al.     The interaction between endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) plays a critical role in the maintenance of vessel wall homeostasis. The X-box binding protein 1 …             The space of enzyme regulation in HeLa cells can be inferred from its intracellular metabolome ▶     Christian Diener, Felipe Muñoz-Gonzalez, Sergio Encarnación et al.     During the transition from a healthy state to a cancerous one, cells alter their metabolism to increase proliferation. The underlying metabolic alterations may be caused by a …             Oncogenic Sox2 regulates and cooperates with VRK1 in cell cycle progression and differentiation ▶     David S. Moura, Isabel F. Fernández, Gema Marín-Royo et al.     Sox2 is a pluripotency transcription factor that as an oncogene can also regulate cell proliferation. Therefore, genes implicated in several different aspects of cell …             Firing frequency and entrainment maintained in primary auditory neurons in the presence of combined BDNF and NT3 ▶     Tess Wright, Lisa N. Gillespie, Stephen J. O’Leary et al.     Primary auditory neurons rely on neurotrophic factors for development and survival. We previously determined that exposure to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and …             Metabolic and behavioral effects of mutant huntingtin deletion in Sim1 neurons in the BACHD mouse model of Huntington’s disease ▶     Rana Soylu-Kucharz, Barbara Baldo, Åsa Petersén     Hypothalamic pathology, metabolic dysfunction and psychiatric symptoms are part of Huntington disease (HD), which is caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin (HTT) …             Effects of the linker region on the structure and function of modular GH5 cellulases ▶     Diego M. Ruiz, Valeria R. Turowski, Mario T. Murakami     The association of glycosyl hydrolases with catalytically inactive modules is a successful evolutionary strategy that is commonly used by biomass-degrading microorganisms to …             7-dehydrocholesterol efficiently supports Ret signaling in a mouse model of Smith-Opitz-Lemli syndrome ▶     Myriam Gou-Fàbregas, Anna Macià, Carlos Anerillas et al.     Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a rare disorder of cholesterol synthesis. Affected individuals exhibit growth failure, intellectual disability and a broad spectrum of …             Next-generation sequencing of common osteogenesis imperfecta-related genes in clinical practice ▶     Kristóf Árvai, Péter Horváth, Bernadett Balla et al.     Next generation sequencing (NGS) is a rapidly developing area in genetics. Utilizing this technology in the management of disorders with complex genetic background and not …             Gender-specific differences in PPARγ regulation of follicular helper T cell responses with estrogen ▶     Hong-Jai Park, Hyeon-Soo Park, Jae-Ung Lee et al.     Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a master regulator of adipocyte differentiation, has recently been connected with effector T cells, though its role is …             Gene knockout of nuclear progesterone receptor provides insights into the regulation of ovulation by LH signaling in zebrafish ▶     Haipei Tang, Yun Liu, Jianzhen Li et al.     It is well established that the luteinizing hormone surge triggers ovulation, a dynamic process leading to the release of the mature oocyte from the ovarian follicle. But how …             The association between laminin and microglial morphology in vitro ▶     Wing Yip Tam, Ngan Pan Bennett Au, Chi Him Eddie Ma     Microglia are immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that contribute to primary innate immune responses. The morphology of microglia is closely associated with their …             Morphology of muscle attachment sites in the modern human hand does not reflect muscle architecture ▶     E. M. Williams-Hatala, K. G. Hatala, S. Hiles et al.     Muscle attachment sites (entheses) on dry bones are regularly used by paleontologists to infer soft tissue anatomy and to reconstruct behaviors of extinct organisms. This method …             Stiffness gradient of the beetle penis facilitates propulsion in the spiraled female spermathecal duct ▶     Alexander E. Filippov, Yoko Matsumura, Alexander E. Kovalev et al.     It is well known that sexual selection is the main driving force of substantial diversity of genitalia found in animals. However, how it facilitates the diversity is still …             Salivary total α-synuclein, oligomeric α-synuclein and SNCA variants in Parkinson’s disease patients ▶     Wenyan Kang, Wei Chen, Qiong Yang et al.     The present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of salivary total and oligomeric α-synuclein levels in PD. Furthermore, we sought to explore the relationship between …             pH-Selective Cytotoxicity of pHLIP-Antimicrobial Peptide Conjugates ▶     Kelly E. Burns, Tanner P. McCleerey, Damien Thévenin     Positively charged antimicrobial peptides have become promising agents for the treatment of cancer by inducing apoptosis though their preferential binding and disruption of …             Prognostic Value of EMT-inducing Transcription Factors (EMT-TFs) in Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis ▶     Saber Imani, Hossein Hosseinifard, Jingliang Cheng et al.     The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a vital control point in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). TWIST1, SNAIL1, SLUG, and ZEB1, as key EMT-inducing transcription …             Transcriptional quiescence of paternal mtDNA in cyprinid fish embryos ▶     Ming Wen, Liangyue Peng, Xinjiang Hu et al.     Mitochondrial homoplasmy signifies the existence of identical copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and is essential for normal development, as heteroplasmy causes abnormal …             Wide and high resolution tension measurement using FRET in embryo ▶     Satoshi Yamashita, Takashi Tsuboi, Nanako Ishinabe et al.     During embryonic development, physical force plays an important role in morphogenesis and differentiation. Stretch sensitive fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) has the …             Flexible decision-making relative to reward quality and tool functionality in Goffin cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana) ▶     I. B. Laumer, T. Bugnyar, A. M. I. Auersperg     Decisions involving the use of tools may require an agent to consider more levels of relational complexity than merely deciding between an immediate and a delayed option. Using a …             Evaluation of Consistency in Spheroid Invasion Assays ▶     Liliana R. Cisneros Castillo, Andrei-Dumitru Oancea, Christian Stüllein et al.     Multicellular tumor spheroids embedded in a matrix represent invaluable tools to analyze cell invasion. Spheroid sizes and invasiveness are the main observables easily measurable …             TCF7L1 Modulates Colorectal Cancer Growth by Inhibiting Expression of the Tumor-Suppressor Gene EPHB3 ▶     Matthew Murphy, Sujash S. Chatterjee, Sidharth Jain et al.     Dysregulation of the Wnt pathway leading to accumulation of β-catenin (CTNNB1) is a hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC). Nuclear CTNNB1 acts as a transcriptional coactivator with …             Differential responses of Trans-Resveratrol on proliferation of neural progenitor cells and aged rat hippocampal neurogenesis ▶     Vivek Kumar, Ankita Pandey, Sadaf Jahan et al.     The plethora of literature has supported the potential benefits of Resveratrol (RV) as a life-extending as well as an anticancer compound. However, these two functional …             Structural basis for autoinhibition and its relief of MOB1 in the Hippo pathway ▶     Sun-Yong Kim, Yuka Tachioka, Tomoyuki Mori et al.     MOB1 protein is a key regulator of large tumor suppressor 1/2 (LATS1/2) kinases in the Hippo pathway. MOB1 is present in an autoinhibited form and is activated by MST1/2-mediated …             A novel mechanism for direct real-time polymerase chain reaction that does not require DNA isolation from prokaryotic cells ▶     Takashi Soejima, Jin-zhong Xiao, Fumiaki Abe     Typically, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is performed after DNA isolation. Real-time PCR (qPCR), also known as direct qPCR in mammalian cells with weak membranes, is a common …             Association between retinal hemorrhagic pattern and macular perfusion status in eyes with acute branch retinal vein occlusion ▶     Yuki Muraoka, Akihito Uji, Akitaka Tsujikawa et al.     This prospective study included 63 eyes with acute branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) to evaluate the retinal hemorrhagic patterns at the posterior poles and explore their …             Foetal hepatic progenitor cells assume a cholangiocytic cell phenotype during two-dimensional pre-culture ▶     Kazuya Anzai, Hiromi Chikada, Kota Tsuruya et al.     Liver consists of parenchymal hepatocytes and other cells. Liver progenitor cell (LPC) is the origin of both hepatocytes and cholangiocytic cells. The analyses of mechanism …             Extracellular control of intracellular drug release for enhanced safety of anti-cancer chemotherapy ▶     Qian Zhu, Haixia Qi, Ziyan Long et al.     The difficulty of controlling drug release at an intracellular level remains a key challenge for maximising drug safety and efficacy. We demonstrate herein a new, efficient and …             Metformin and gefitinib cooperate to inhibit bladder cancer growth via both AMPK and EGFR pathways joining at Akt and Erk ▶     Mei Peng, Yanjun Huang, Ting Tao et al.     EGFR is a potential therapeutic target for treating bladder cancer, but has not been approved for clinical use yet. Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic drug and has …             Genetic and environmental influences on height from infancy to early adulthood: An individual-based pooled analysis of 45 twin cohorts ▶     Aline Jelenkovic, Reijo Sund, Yoon-Mi Hur et al.     Height variation is known to be determined by both genetic and environmental factors, but a systematic description of how their influences differ by sex, age and global regions …             The role of inflammatory cytokines and ERK1/2 signaling in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome with related mental health disorders ▶     Chao Hu, Hualan Yang, Yanfang Zhao et al.     Mental health disorders(MHD) in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) have been widely studied. However, the underlying role of inflammatory cytokines and …             Cytochrome P450 metabolism of the post-lanosterol intermediates explains enigmas of cholesterol synthesis ▶     Jure Ačimovič, Sandeep Goyal, Rok Košir et al.     Cholesterol synthesis is among the oldest metabolic pathways, consisting of the Bloch and Kandutch-Russell branches. Following lanosterol, sterols of both branches are proposed …             Depth-specific optogenetic control in vivo with a scalable, high-density μLED neural probe ▶     Robert Scharf, Tomomi Tsunematsu, Niall McAlinden et al.     Controlling neural circuits is a powerful approach to uncover a causal link between neural activity and behaviour. Optogenetics has been widely adopted by the neuroscience …             Attenuated viral hepatitis in Trem1−/− mice is associated with reduced inflammatory activity of neutrophils ▶     Jan-Hendrik Kozik, Tanja Trautmann, Antonella Carambia et al.     TREM1 (Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1) is a pro-inflammatory receptor expressed by phagocytes, which can also be released as a soluble molecule (sTREM1). The …             Rapid differentiation of sexual signals in invasive toads: call variation among populations ▶     Kiyomi Yasumiba, Richard L. Duffy, Scott A. Parsons et al.     Advertisement calls tend to differ among populations, based on morphological and environmental factors, or simply geographic distance, in many taxa. Invasive cane toads (Rhinella …             MYB31/MYB42 Syntelogs Exhibit Divergent Regulation of Phenylpropanoid Genes in Maize, Sorghum and Rice ▶     Tina Agarwal, Erich Grotewold, Andrea I. Doseff et al.     ZmMYB31 and ZmMYB42 are R2R3-MYB transcription factors implicated in the regulation of phenylpropanoid genes in maize. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the regulatory function …             Specification of jaw identity by the Hand2 transcription factor ▶     Noriko Funato, Hiroki Kokubo, Masataka Nakamura et al.     Acquisition of the lower jaw (mandible) was evolutionarily important for jawed vertebrates. In humans, syndromic craniofacial malformations often accompany jaw anomalies. The …             Extra-pair paternity in the socially monogamous white stork (Ciconia ciconia) is fairly common and independent of local density ▶     Sondra Feldman Turjeman, Alejandro Centeno-Cuadros, Ute Eggers et al.     Although many birds are socially monogamous, most (>75%) studied species are not strictly genetically monogamous, especially under high breeding density. We used molecular tools …             Differential conformational modulations of MreB folding upon interactions with GroEL/ES and TRiC chaperonin components ▶     Satish Babu Moparthi, Uno Carlsson, Renaud Vincentelli et al.     Here, we study and compare the mechanisms of action of the GroEL/GroES and the TRiC chaperonin systems on MreB client protein variants extracted from E. coli. MreB is a homologue …             Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Nsp4 Cleaves VISA to Impair Antiviral Responses Mediated by RIG-I-like Receptors ▶     Chen Huang, Yinping Du, Zhibin Yu et al.     Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most significant etiological agents in the swine industry worldwide. It has been reported that PRRSV …             Comparative metabolomics profiling of isogenic KRAS wild type and mutant NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo ▶     Laura Brunelli, Elisa Caiola, Mirko Marabese et al.     Oncogenes induce metabolic reprogramming on cancer cells. Recently, G12C KRAS mutation in isogenic NSCLC cell line has been shown to be a key player in promoting metabolic …             Retraction: Novel piperazine core compound induces death in human liver cancer cells: possible pharmacological properties ▶     Nima Samie, Sekaran Muniandy, M. S. Kanthimathi et al.                 CD4 T cell epitope specificity determines follicular versus non-follicular helper differentiation in the polyclonal response to influenza infection or vaccination ▶     Zackery A. G. Knowlden, Andrea J. Sant     Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) are essential for B cell production of high-affinity, class-switched antibodies. Much interest in Tfh development focuses on the priming …             Construction and application of a co-expression network in Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Jun Jiang, Xian Sun, Wei Wu et al.     Because of its high pathogenicity and infectivity, tuberculosis is a serious threat to human health. Some information about the functions of the genes in Mycobacterium …             Dazl is a critical player for primordial germ cell formation in medaka ▶     Mingyou Li, Feng Zhu, Zhendong Li et al.     The DAZ family genes boule, daz and dazl have conserved functions in primordial germ cell (PGC) migration, germ stem cell proliferation, differentiation and meiosis progression. …             Distinct and developmentally regulated activity-dependent plasticity at descending glutamatergic synapses on flexor and extensor motoneurons ▶     Constanze Lenschow, Jean-René Cazalets, Sandrine S. Bertrand     Activity-dependent synaptic plasticity (ADSP) is paramount to synaptic processing and maturation. However, identifying the ADSP capabilities of the numerous synapses converging …             Human Bocavirus NS1 and NS1-70 Proteins Inhibit TNF-α-Mediated Activation of NF-κB by targeting p65 ▶     Qingshi Liu, Zhenfeng Zhang, Zhenhua Zheng et al.     Human bocavirus (HBoV), a parvovirus, is a single-stranded DNA etiologic agent causing lower respiratory tract infections in young children worldwide. Nuclear factor kappa B …             Sorghum Dw1, an agronomically important gene for lodging resistance, encodes a novel protein involved in cell proliferation ▶     Miki Yamaguchi, Haruka Fujimoto, Ko Hirano et al.     Semi-dwarfing genes have contributed to enhanced lodging resistance, resulting in increased crop productivity. In the history of grain sorghum breeding, the spontaneous mutation, …             NdhV subunit regulates the activity of type-1 NAD(P)H dehydrogenase under high light conditions in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 ▶     Xin Chen, Zhihui He, Min Xu et al.     The cyanobacterial NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH-1) complexes play crucial roles in variety of bioenergetic reactions. However, the regulative mechanism of NDH-1 under stressed …             Assessing viral taxonomic composition in benthic marine ecosystems: reliability and efficiency of different bioinformatic tools for viral metagenomic analyses ▶     M. Tangherlini, A. Dell’Anno, L. Zeigler Allen et al.     In benthic deep-sea ecosystems, which represent the largest biome on Earth, viruses have a recognised key ecological role, but their diversity is still largely unknown. …             Treatment of refractory cutaneous ulcers with mixed sheets consisting of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and fibroblasts ▶     Koji Ueno, Yuriko Takeuchi, Makoto Samura et al.     The purpose of this study was to confirm the therapeutic effects of mixed sheets consisting of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) and fibroblasts on cutaneous skin …             Plastic-film mulching and urea types affect soil CO2 emissions and grain yield in spring maize on the Loess Plateau, China ▶     Qiaofei Liu, Yu Chen, Weiwei Li et al.     A 2-year field experiment was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) to explore effective ways to decrease soil CO2 emissions and increase grain yield. Treatments established were: (1) …             The induction and identification of novel Colistin resistance mutations in Acinetobacter baumannii and their implications ▶     Nguyen Thi Khanh Nhu, David W. Riordan, Tran Do Hoang Nhu et al.     Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant cause of opportunistic hospital acquired infection and has been identified as an important emerging infection due to its high levels of …             Adipocyte-specific CD1d-deficiency mitigates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice ▶     Masashi Satoh, Miyuki Hoshino, Koki Fujita et al.     It has been shown that CD1d expression and glycolipid-reactive, CD1d-restricted NKT cells exacerbate the development of obesity and insulin resistance in mice. However, the …             Carboxyl-Terminal Modulator Protein Positively Acts as an Oncogenic Driver in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Regulating Akt phosphorylation ▶     Jae Won Chang, Seung-Nam Jung, Ju-Hee Kim et al.     The exact regulatory mechanisms of carboxyl-terminal modulator protein (CTMP) and its downstream pathways in cancer have been controversial and are not completely understood. …             Roles of the mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+ exchanger, NCLX, in B lymphocyte chemotaxis ▶     Bongju Kim, Ayako Takeuchi, Masaki Hikida et al.     Lymphocyte chemotaxis plays important roles in immunological reactions, although the mechanism of its regulation is still unclear. We found that the cytosolic Na+-dependent …             The impact of genotype calling errors on family-based studies ▶     Qi Yan, Rui Chen, James S. Sutcliffe et al.     Family-based sequencing studies have unique advantages in enriching rare variants, controlling population stratification, and improving genotype calling. Standard genotype …             Identification of Tissue-Specific Protein-Coding and Noncoding Transcripts across 14 Human Tissues Using RNA-seq ▶     Jinhang Zhu, Geng Chen, Sibo Zhu et al.     Many diseases and adverse drug reactions exhibit tissue specificity. To better understand the tissue-specific expression characteristics of transcripts in different human …             Dioscin strengthens the efficiency of adriamycin in MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells through autophagy induction: More than just down-regulation of MDR1 ▶     Changyuan Wang, Xiaokui Huo, Lijuan Wang et al.     The purpose of present study was to investigate the effect of dioscin on activity of adriamycin (ADR) in ADR-sensitive (MCF-7) and ADR-resistant (MCF-7/ADR) human breast cancer …             Identification of a Novel Enterovirus Species in Rhesus Macaque in China ▶     Yuan-yun Ao, Jie-mei Yu, Cui-yuan Zhang et al.     Recent studies of Enterovirus (EV) in nonhuman primates (NHPs), which could act as a source of future emerging human viral diseases, have boosted interest in the search for novel …             The role of the residence-effect on the outcome of intergroup encounters in Verreaux’s sifakas ▶     Flávia Koch, Johannes Signer, Peter M. Kappeler et al.     Intergroup competition has an important impact on the survival and fitness of individuals in group-living species. However, factors influencing the probability of winning an …             Structural insights of a hormone sensitive lipase homologue Est22 ▶     Jing Huang, Ying-Yi Huo, Rui Ji et al.     Hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) catalyzes the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols into fatty acids and glycerol, thus playing key roles in energy homeostasis. However, the application …             PEDLA: predicting enhancers with a deep learning-based algorithmic framework ▶     Feng Liu, Hao Li, Chao Ren et al.     Transcriptional enhancers are non-coding segments of DNA that play a central role in the spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression programs. However, systematically and …             Intrinsic hepatocyte dedifferentiation is accompanied by upregulation of mesenchymal markers, protein sialylation and core alpha 1,6 linked fucosylation ▶     Anand Mehta, Mary Ann Comunale, Siddhartha Rawat et al.     Alterations in N-linked glycosylation have long been associated with cancer but for the most part, the reasons why have remained poorly understood. Here we show that increased …             The role of local and remote amino acid substitutions for optimizing fluorescence in bacteriophytochromes: A case study on iRFP ▶     David Buhrke, Francisco Velazquez Escobar, Luisa Sauthof et al.     Bacteriophytochromes are promising tools for tissue microscopy and imaging due to their fluorescence in the near-infrared region. These applications require optimization of the …             Prenatal programming: adverse cardiac programming by gestational testosterone excess ▶     Arpita K. Vyas, Vanessa Hoang, Vasantha Padmanabhan et al.     Adverse events during the prenatal and early postnatal period of life are associated with development of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Prenatal exposure to excess …             Pre-exposure of Arabidopsis to the abiotic or biotic environmental stimuli “chilling” or “insect eggs” exhibits different transcriptomic responses to herbivory ▶     Vivien Firtzlaff, Jana Oberländer, Sven Geiselhardt et al.     Plants can retain information about environmental stress and thus, prepare themselves for impending stress. In nature, it happens that environmental stimuli like ‘cold’ and …             Probabilistic Movement Models Show that Postural Control Precedes and Predicts Volitional Motor Control ▶     Elmar Rueckert, Jernej Čamernik, Jan Peters et al.     Human motor skill learning is driven by the necessity to adapt to new situations. While supportive contacts are essential for many tasks, little is known about their impact on …             R-spondin 2 promotes acetylcholine receptor clustering at the neuromuscular junction via Lgr5 ▶     Hiroaki Nakashima, Bisei Ohkawara, Shinsuke Ishigaki et al.     At the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering is mediated by spinal motor neuron (SMN)-derived agrin and its receptors on the muscle, the …             Biochemical basis of synergism between pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and insecticide chlorantraniliprole in Locusta migratoria (Meyen) ▶     Miao Jia, Guangchun Cao, Yibo Li et al.     We challenged Locusta migratoria (Meyen) grasshoppers with simultaneous doses of both the insecticide chlorantraniliprole and the fungal pathogen, Metarhizium anisopliae. Our …             Functional characterization of three trehalase genes regulating the chitin metabolism pathway in rice brown planthopper using RNA interference ▶     Lina Zhao, Mengmeng Yang, Qida Shen et al.     RNA interference (RNAi) is an effective gene-silencing tool, and double stranded RNA (dsRNA) is considered a powerful strategy for gene function studies in insects. In the …             Ultrahigh Frequency (100 MHz–300 MHz) Ultrasonic Transducers for Optical Resolution Medical Imagining ▶     Chunlong Fei, Chi Tat Chiu, Xiaoyang Chen et al.     High resolution ultrasonic imaging requires high frequency wide band ultrasonic transducers, which produce short pulses and highly focused beam. However, currently the frequency …             The chimeric ubiquitin ligase SH2-U-box inhibits the growth of imatinib-sensitive and resistant CML by targeting the native and T315I-mutant BCR-ABL ▶     Yi Ru, Qinhao Wang, Xiping Liu et al.     Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by constitutively active fusion protein tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL. Although the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) against BCR-ABL, …             β-Aminopropionitrile monofumarate induces thoracic aortic dissection in C57BL/6 mice ▶     Weihong Ren, Yan Liu, Xuerui Wang et al.     Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a catastrophic disease with high mortality and morbidity, characterized by fragmentation of elastin and loss of smooth muscle cells. However, …             Serum Uric Acid Levels were Dynamically Coupled with Hemoglobin A1c in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes ▶     Fengjiang Wei, Baocheng Chang, Xilin Yang et al.     The aim of the study was to decipher the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in both type 2 diabetes …             Long-term survival in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion: a model of malignant stroke in rats ▶     Nagesh C. Shanbhag, Robert H. Henning, Lothar Schilling     Occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) by an intraluminal filament is widely used to study focal brain ischemia in male Sprague-Dawley rats. However, permanent occlusion …             Taxonomy, diversity, temporal and geographical distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Colombia: A retrospective study ▶     Juan David Ramírez, Carolina Hernández, Cielo M. León et al.     Leishmaniases are tropical zoonotic diseases, caused by kinetoplastid parasites from the genus Leishmania. New World (NW) species are related to sylvatic cycles although …             Serum GDF-8 levels change dynamically during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET ▶     Lanlan Fang, Yiping Yu, Ruizhe Zhang et al.     Growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8) is found in the human serum, follicular fluid and granulosa cells. Our previous studies have shown that the human cumulus expansion and …             Identification and characterization of a pathogenicity-related gene VdCYP1 from Verticillium dahliae ▶     Dan-Dan Zhang, Xin-Yan Wang, Jie-Yin Chen et al.     Verticillium dahliae is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes vascular wilt disease in a wide variety of crop plants, thereby causing extensive economic loss. In present study, …             Impact of Information based Classification on Network Epidemics ▶     Bimal Kumar Mishra, Kaushik Haldar, Durgesh Nandini Sinha     Formulating mathematical models for accurate approximation of malicious propagation in a network is a difficult process because of our inherent lack of understanding of several …             Tumor growth affects the metabonomic phenotypes of multiple mouse non-involved organs in an A549 lung cancer xenograft model ▶     Shan Xu, Yuan Tian, Yili Hu et al.     The effects of tumorigenesis and tumor growth on the non-involved organs remain poorly understood although many research efforts have already been made for understanding the …             Microfluidic neurite guidance to study structure-function relationships in topologically-complex population-based neural networks ▶     Thibault Honegger, Moritz I. Thielen, Soheil Feizi et al.     The central nervous system is a dense, layered, 3D interconnected network of populations of neurons, and thus recapitulating that complexity for in vitro CNS models requires …             Irradiation enhances susceptibility of tumor cells to the antitumor effects of TNF-α activated adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells in breast cancer model ▶     Hemn Mohammadpour, Ali Akbar Pourfathollah, Mahin Nikougoftar Zarif et al.     Gene modified or cytokine activated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used as a treatment in various types of cancer. Moreover, irradiation is usually applied as either a …             Genome-wide identification of microRNA-related variants associated with risk of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Mohsen Ghanbari, M. Arfan Ikram, Hans W. J. de Looper et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Genetic variation in miRNAs and miRNA-binding sites may affect miRNA function and contribute …             Mesostructure of Ordered Corneal Nano-nipple Arrays: The Role of 5–7 Coordination Defects ▶     Ken C. Lee, Qi Yu, Uwe Erb     Corneal nano-nipple structures consisting of hexagonally arranged protrusions with diameters around 200 nm have long been known for their antireflection capability and have …             IL-6 mediates differentiation disorder during spermatogenesis in obesity-associated inflammation by affecting the expression of Zfp637 through the SOCS3/STAT3 pathway ▶     Guizhen Huang, Miao Yuan, Jie Zhang et al.     Zfp637 is a recently identified zinc finger protein, and its functions remain largely unknown. Here, we innovatively demonstrate the effects of Zfp637 on the differentiation of …             Genomic amplification of the caprine EDNRA locus might lead to a dose dependent loss of pigmentation ▶     Fiona Menzi, Irene Keller, Irene Reber et al.     The South African Boer goat displays a characteristic white spotting phenotype, in which the pigment is limited to the head. Exploiting the existing phenotype variation within …             Neil3-dependent base excision repair regulates lipid metabolism and prevents atherosclerosis in Apoe-deficient mice ▶     Tonje Skarpengland, Sverre Holm, Katja Scheffler et al.     Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative DNA damage accumulates in atherosclerosis. Recently, we showed that a genetic variant in the human DNA repair enzyme NEIL3 was …             The Prefrontal Dectin-1/AMPA Receptor Signaling Pathway Mediates The Robust and Prolonged Antidepressant Effect of Proteo-β-Glucan from Maitake ▶     Hongkun Bao, Pengzhan Ran, Ming Zhu et al.     Proteo-β-glucan from Maitake (PGM) is a strong immune regulator, and its receptor is called Dectin-1. Cumulative evidence suggests that AMPA receptors are important for the …             Trehalose, sucrose and raffinose are novel activators of autophagy in human keratinocytes through an mTOR-independent pathway ▶     Xu Chen, Min Li, Li Li et al.     Trehalose is a natural disaccharide that is found in a diverse range of organisms but not in mammals. Autophagy is a process which mediates the sequestration, lysosomal delivery …             Nesfatin-1-Like Peptide Encoded in Nucleobindin-1 in Goldfish is a Novel Anorexigen Modulated by Sex Steroids, Macronutrients and Daily Rhythm ▶     Lakshminarasimhan Sundarrajan, Ayelén Melisa Blanco, Juan Ignacio Bertucci et al.     Nesfatin-1 is an 82 amino acid anorexigen encoded in a secreted precursor nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2). NUCB2 was named so due to its high sequence similarity with nucleobindin-1 (NUC…             A Simplified Direct Lipid Mixing Lipoplex Preparation: Comparison of Liposomal-, Dimethylsulfoxide-, and Ethanol-Based Methods ▶     Joseph W. Meisel, George W. Gokel     Established transfection methodology often uses commercial reagents, which must be formed into liposomes in a sequence of about half a dozen steps. The simplified method reported …             Stability of an adaptive hybrid community ▶     A. Mougi     Contrary to stable natural ecosystems, the classical ecological theory predicts that complex ecological communities are fragile. The adaptive switching of interaction partners …             Genome-wide discovery of G-quadruplex forming sequences and their functional relevance in plants ▶     Rohini Garg, Jyoti Aggarwal, Bijal Thakkar     DNA, in addition to the canonical B-form, can acquire a variety of alternate structures, such as G-quadruplexes. These structures have been implicated in several cellular …             Down-regulation of HSP60 Suppresses the Proliferation of Glioblastoma Cells via the ROS/AMPK/mTOR Pathway ▶     Haiping Tang, Jin Li, Xiaohui Liu et al.     Glioblastoma is a fatal and incurable cancer with the hyper-activated mTOR pathway. HSP60, a major chaperone for maintenance of mitochondrial proteostasis, is highly expressed in …             Efficient generation of transgenic cattle using the DNA transposon and their analysis by next-generation sequencing ▶     Soo-Young Yum, Song-Jeon Lee, Hyun-Min Kim et al.     Here, we efficiently generated transgenic cattle using two transposon systems (Sleeping Beauty and Piggybac) and their genomes were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). …             Association between the ambient temperature and the occurrence of human Salmonella and Campylobacter infections ▶     Josef Yun, Matthias Greiner, Christiane Höller et al.     Salmonella spp. and thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. are the most important causes of human bacterial diarrheal infections worldwide. These bacterial species are influenced by …             Neurobiological differences in mental rotation and instrument interpretation in airline pilots ▶     Ronald Sladky, Irene Stepniczka, Edzard Boland et al.     Airline pilots and similar professions require reliable spatial cognition abilities, such as mental imagery of static and moving three-dimensional objects in space. A well-known …             Extracellular vimentin is a novel axonal growth facilitator for functional recovery in spinal cord-injured mice ▶     Michiko Shigyo, Chihiro Tohda     Vimentin, an intermediate filament protein, is an intracellular protein that is involved in various cellular processes. Several groups have recently reported that vimentin also …             Ocean acidification reduces transfer of essential biomolecules in a natural plankton community ▶     J. Rafael Bermúdez, Ulf Riebesell, Aud Larsen et al.     Ocean acidification (OA), a process of increasing seawater acidity caused by the uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) by the ocean, is expected to change surface ocean pH …             Identification and Characterisation of a pH-stable GFP ▶     Tania Michelle Roberts, Fabian Rudolf, Andreas Meyer et al.     Green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) are invaluable tools for modern cell biology. Even though many properties of GFP have been successfully engineered, a GFP retaining brightness …             Non-homologous end joining repair in Xenopus egg extract ▶     Songli Zhu, Aimin Peng     Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is a major DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair mechanism. We characterized here a series of plasmid-based DSB templates that were repaired in …             Soil fungal community comparison of different mulberry genotypes and the relationship with mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis ▶     Cui Yu, Xingming Hu, Wen Deng et al.     Mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis is a common soil-borne disease. We hypothesize that there is a relationship between the incidence of mulberry fruit sclerotiniosis and the soil …             Malaria transmission potential could be reduced with current and future climate change ▶     C. C. Murdock, E. D. Sternberg, M. B. Thomas     Several studies suggest the potential for climate change to increase malaria incidence in cooler, marginal transmission environments. However, the effect of increasing …             MtrA of the sodium ion pumping methyltransferase binds cobalamin in a unique mode ▶     Tristan Wagner, Ulrich Ermler, Seigo Shima     In the three domains of life, vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is primarily used in methyltransferase and isomerase reactions. The methyltransferase complex MtrA–H of methanogenic archaea …             The impact of simulated MRI scanner background noise on visual attention processes as measured by the EEG ▶     S. Oliver Kobald, Stephan Getzmann, Christian Beste et al.     Environmental noise is known to affect personal well-being as well as cognitive processes. Besides daily life, environmental noise can also occur in experimental research …             Evolution of the EGFR pathway in Metazoa and its diversification in the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea ▶     Sara Barberán, José M. Martín-Durán, Francesc Cebrià     The EGFR pathway is an essential signaling system in animals, whose core components are the epidermal growth factors (EGF ligands) and their trans-membrane tyrosine kinase …             A new autoinhibited kinase conformation reveals a salt-bridge switch in kinase activation ▶     Qiang Wei, Shaoyuan Yang, Dan Li et al.     In the structure of autoinhibited EphA2 tyrosine kinase reported herein, we have captured the entire activation segment, revealing a previously unknown role of the conserved …             Doses Lactobacillus reuteri depend on adhesive ability to modulate the intestinal immune response and metabolism in mice challenged with lipopolysaccharide ▶     Kan Gao, Li Liu, Xiaoxiao Dou et al.     The objective of this study was to evaluate the modulatory effects of Lactobacillus reuteri ZJ617 and ZJ615, which have high and low adhesive abilities, respectively, and …             Biocontrol of the oriental armyworm, Mythimna separata, by the tachinid fly Exorista civilis is synergized by Cry1Ab protoxin ▶     Xingfu Jiang, Lei Zhang, Haixia Yang et al.     Tritrophic interactions between Mythimna separata, its tachinid parasite Exorista civilis and the Cry1Ab were examined. Although 6th instar M. separata mortality increased with …             Developmental and stress regulation on expression of a novel miRNA, Fan-miR73, and its target ABI5 in strawberry ▶     Dongdong Li, Wangshu Mou, Zisheng Luo et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA) is a critical plant hormone for fruit ripening and adaptive stress responses in strawberry. Previous high-throughput sequencing results indicated that …             Factors influencing immunologic response to hepatitis B vaccine in adults ▶     Shigui Yang, Guo Tian, Yuanxia Cui et al.     Hepatitis B was still a worldwide health problem. This study aimed to conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess a more precise estimation of factors that …             The polysialic acid mimetics 5-nonyloxytryptamine and vinorelbine facilitate nervous system repair ▶     Vedangana Saini, David Lutz, Hardeep Kataria et al.     Polysialic acid (PSA) is a large negatively charged glycan mainly attached to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Several studies have shown that it is important for …             Improvement of the reverse tetracycline transactivator by single amino acid substitutions that reduce leaky target gene expression to undetectable levels ▶     Ian J. Roney, Adam D. Rudner, Jean-François Couture et al.     Conditional gene expression systems that enable inducible and reversible transcriptional control are essential research tools and have broad applications in biomedicine and …             HIV-specific Th2 and Th17 responses predict HIV vaccine protection efficacy ▶     Delphine Sauce, Guy Gorochov, Martin Larsen     Understanding the factors that delineate the efficacy of T-cell responses towards pathogens is crucial for our ability to develop potent therapies and vaccines against infectious …             Systematic protein interactome analysis of glycosaminoglycans revealed YcbS as a novel bacterial virulence factor ▶     Felix Shih-Hsiang Hsiao, FX Reymond Sutandy, Guan-Da Syu et al.     Microbial pathogens have evolved several strategies for interacting with host cell components, such as glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Some microbial proteins involved in host–GAG …             Altered multisensory temporal integration in obesity ▶     Federica Scarpina, Daniele Migliorati, Paolo Marzullo et al.     Eating is a multisensory behavior. The act of placing food in the mouth provides us with a variety of sensory information, including gustatory, olfactory, somatosensory, visual, …             Brain phosphorylation of MeCP2 at serine 164 is developmentally regulated and globally alters its chromatin association ▶     Gilda Stefanelli, Anna Gandaglia, Mario Costa et al.     MeCP2 is a transcriptional regulator whose functional alterations are responsible for several autism spectrum and mental disorders. Post-translational modifications (PTMs), and …             Protein Kinase A: A Master Kinase of Granulosa Cell Differentiation ▶     Pawan Puri, Lynda Little-Ihrig, Uma Chandran et al.     Activation of protein kinase A (PKA) by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) transduces the signal that drives differentiation of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs). An unresolved …             Quantifying and predicting Drosophila larvae crawling phenotypes ▶     Maximilian N. Günther, Guilherme Nettesheim, George T. Shubeita     The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a widely used model for cell biology, development, disease, and neuroscience. The fly’s power as a genetic model for disease and …             Differential effect of HLA class-I versus class-II transgenes on human T and B cell reconstitution and function in NRG mice ▶     Sai Majji, Wathsala Wijayalath, Soumya Shashikumar et al.     Humanized mice expressing Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I or II transgenes have been generated, but the role of class I vs class II on human T and B cell reconstitution and …             Loss of Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 leads to impaired islet mass and beta cell survival ▶     Stephanie R. Villa, Medha Priyadarshini, Miles H. Fuller et al.     The regulation of pancreatic β cell mass is a critical factor to help maintain normoglycemia during insulin resistance. Nutrient-sensing G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) …             MDCK cells expressing constitutively active Yes-associated protein (YAP) undergo apical extrusion depending on neighboring cell status ▶     Takanori Chiba, Erika Ishihara, Norio Miyamura et al.     Cell competition is a cell-cell interaction by which a cell compares its fitness to that of neighboring cells. The cell with the relatively lower fitness level is the “loser” and …             EMMPRIN Down-regulating miR-106a/b Modifies Breast Cancer Stem-like Cell Properties via Interaction with Fibroblasts Through STAT3 and HIF-1α ▶     Yonglei Liu, Jingling Zhang, Xiangjun Sun et al.     Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) is a heavily glycosylated protein and expresses in cancer cells widely, which plays important roles in tumor progression. …             Brain hemodynamic activity during viewing and re-viewing of comedy movies explained by experienced humor ▶     Iiro P. Jääskeläinen, Juha Pajula, Jussi Tohka et al.     Humor is crucial in human social interactions. To study the underlying neural processes, three comedy clips were shown twice to 20 volunteers during functional magnetic resonance …             A Local Learning Rule for Independent Component Analysis ▶     Takuya Isomura, Taro Toyoizumi     Humans can separately recognize independent sources when they sense their superposition. This decomposition is mathematically formulated as independent component analysis (ICA). …             Comparative proteomic study of Arabidopsis mutants mpk4 and mpk6 ▶     Tomáš Takáč, Pavol Vadovič, Tibor Pechan et al.     Arabidopsis MPK4 and MPK6 are implicated in different signalling pathways responding to diverse external stimuli. This was recently correlated with transcriptomic profiles of …             Elimination of a ligand gating site generates a supersensitive olfactory receptor ▶     Kanika Sharma, Gaurav Ahuja, Ashiq Hussain et al.     Olfaction poses one of the most complex ligand-receptor matching problems in biology due to the unparalleled multitude of odor molecules facing a large number of cognate …             Critical Role of COI1-Dependent Jasmonate Pathway in AAL toxin induced PCD in Tomato Revealed by Comparative Proteomics ▶     Min Zhang, Jin Koh, Lihong Liu et al.     Alternaria alternata f.sp. Lycopersici (AAL) toxin induces programmed cell death (PCD) in susceptible tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves. Jasmonate (JA) promotes AAL toxin …             Zebrafish cyclin Dx is required for development of motor neuron progenitors, and its expression is regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor 2α ▶     Huang-Wei Lien, Rey-Yue Yuan, Chih-Ming Chou et al.     Cyclins play a central role in cell-cycle regulation; in mammals, the D family of cyclins consists of cyclin D1, D2, and D3. In Xenopus, only homologs of cyclins D1 and D2 have …             Negative autoregulation of BMP dependent transcription by SIN3B splicing reveals a role for RBM39 ▶     Noel Faherty, Matthew Benson, Eshita Sharma et al.     BMP signalling is negatively autoregulated by several genes including SMAD6, Noggin and Gremlin, and autoregulators are possible targets for enhancing BMP signalling in disorders …             An evolutionarily conserved SSNA1/DIP13 homologue is a component of both basal and apical complexes of Toxoplasma gondii ▶     Maude F. Lévêque, Laurence Berry, Sébastien Besteiro     Microtubule-based cytoskeletal structures have fundamental roles in several essential eukaryotic processes, including transport of intracellular constituents as well as ciliary …             Comprehensive analysis of multi-tissue transcriptome data and the genome-wide investigation of GRAS family in Phyllostachys edulis ▶     Hansheng Zhao, Lili Dong, Huayu Sun et al.     GRAS family is one of plant specific transcription factors and plays diverse roles in the regulation of plant growth and development as well as in the plant disease resistance …             Rice Domestication Revealed by Reduced Shattering of Archaeological rice from the Lower Yangtze valley ▶     Yunfei Zheng, Gary W. Crawford, Leping Jiang et al.     Plant remains dating to between 9000 and 8400 BP from a probable ditch structure at the Huxi site include the oldest rice (Oryza sativa) spikelet bases and associated plant …             Overexpression of the brassinosteroid biosynthetic gene DWF4 in Brassica napus simultaneously increases seed yield and stress tolerance ▶     Sangita Sahni, Bishun D. Prasad, Qing Liu et al.     As a resource allocation strategy, plant growth and defense responses are generally mutually antagonistic. Brassinosteroid (BR) regulates many aspects of plant development and …             Protection against doxorubicin-induced myocardial dysfunction in mice by cardiac-specific expression of carboxyl terminus of hsp70-interacting protein ▶     Lei Wang, Tian-Peng Zhang, Yuan Zhang et al.     Carboxyl terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a critical ubiquitin ligase/cochaperone to reduce cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and …             Prognostic value of decreased expression of RBM4 in human gastric cancer ▶     Hongmei Yong, Huijun Zhu, Shu Zhang et al.     RNA-binding motif 4 (RBM4) is a multifunctional protein that participates in regulating alternative splicing and mRNA translation. Its reduced expression has been associated with …             Anti-obesity effect of intranasal administration of galanin-like peptide (GALP) in obese mice ▶     Haruaki Kageyama, Kanako Shiba, Satoshi Hirako et al.     Galanin-like peptide (GALP) has an anti-obesity effect in rats and mice. It has been reported that the uptake of GALP by the brain is higher after intranasal administration than …             Circulating follicular T helper cells and cytokine profile in humans following vaccination with the rVSV-ZEBOV Ebola vaccine ▶     Fouzia Farooq, Kevin Beck, Kristopher M. Paolino et al.     The most recent Zaire Ebolavirus (ZEBOV) outbreak was the largest and most widespread in recorded history, emphasizing the need for an effective vaccine. Here, we analyzed human …             Roots of forbs sense climate fluctuations in the semi-arid Loess Plateau: Herb-chronology based analysis ▶     Songlin Shi, Zongshan Li, Hao Wang et al.     Growth of herbaceous plants responds sensitively and rapidly to climate variability. Yet, little is known regarding how climate warming influences the growth of herbaceous …             Transformed MDCK cells secrete elevated MMP1 that generates LAMA5 fragments promoting endothelial cell angiogenesis ▶     Shashi K. Gopal, David W. Greening, Hong-Jian Zhu et al.     Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enhances the migration and invasion of cancer cells, and is regulated by various molecular mechanisms including extracellular matrix …             Transcriptional repression of SIRT1 by protein inhibitor of activated STAT 4 (PIAS4) in hepatic stellate cells contributes to liver fibrosis ▶     Lina Sun, Zhiwen Fan, Junliang Chen et al.     Interstitial fibrosis represents a key pathological process in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In the liver, fibrogenesis is primarily mediated by activated hepatic …             Characterization of the microbiome of nipple aspirate fluid of breast cancer survivors ▶     Alfred A. Chan, Mina Bashir, Magali N. Rivas et al.     The microbiome impacts human health and disease. Until recently, human breast tissue and milk were presumed to be sterile. Here, we investigated the presence of microbes in the …             Multiple specialised goose-type lysozymes potentially compensate for an exceptional lack of chicken-type lysozymes in Atlantic cod ▶     Marit Seppola, Kathrine Ryvold Bakkemo, Helene Mikkelsen et al.     Previous analyses of the Atlantic cod genome showed unique combinations of lacking and expanded number of genes for the immune system. The present study examined lysozyme …             Water-soluble benzylidene cyclopentanone based photosensitizers for in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial photodynamic therapy ▶     Yanyan Fang, Tianlong Liu, Qianli Zou et al.     Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed to cope with the increasing antibiotic resistance among pathogens. As versatile pharmacophores, benzylidene …             Human Protein Subcellular Localization with Integrated Source and Multi-label Ensemble Classifier ▶     Xiaotong Guo, Fulin Liu, Ying Ju et al.     Predicting protein subcellular location is necessary for understanding cell function. Several machine learning methods have been developed for computational prediction of primary …             The use of platelet-rich fibrin combined with periodontal ligament and jaw bone mesenchymal stem cell sheets for periodontal tissue engineering ▶     Zhong-Shan Wang, Zhi-Hong Feng, Guo-Feng Wu et al.     Periodontal regeneration involves the restoration of at least three unique tissues: cementum, periodontal ligament tissue (PDL) and alveolar bone tissue. Here, we first isolated …             The embryological basis of subclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ▶     Gabriella Captur, Carolyn Y. Ho, Saskia Schlossarek et al.     Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by mutations in sarcomeric proteins, the commonest being MYBPC3 encoding myosin-binding protein C. It is characterised by left …             Multimodal Correlative Preclinical Whole Body Imaging and Segmentation ▶     Ayelet Akselrod-Ballin, Hagit Dafni, Yoseph Addadi et al.     Segmentation of anatomical structures and particularly abdominal organs is a fundamental problem for quantitative image analysis in preclinical research. This paper presents a …             Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Multispecies Oral Biofilm Resistance to Chlorhexidine Treatment ▶     Ya Shen, Jia Zhao, César de la Fuente-Núñez et al.     We investigate recovery of multispecies oral biofilms following chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and CHX with surface modifiers (CHX-Plus) treatment. Specifically, we examine the …             High salt promotes autoimmunity by TET2-induced DNA demethylation and driving the differentiation of Tfh cells ▶     Haijing Wu, Xin Huang, Hong Qiu et al.     Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) have been well documented to play a critical role in autoimmunity, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), by helping B cells. In this study, …                     MEDTECH DEALMAKERS  A supplement to Nature Biotechnology | Nature Medicine | Nature Reviews Drug Discovery This first-of-its-kind partnering journal is a must read for all medical technology professionals. The latest issue showcases innovative companies seeking partners, and in-depth analysis of dealmaking strategies and trends of the growing med tech industry. Download the issue for FREE             Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Highly efficient modulation of FRET in an orthogonally arranged BODIPY–DTE dyad ▶     Felix Schweighöfer, Lars Dworak, Christopher A. Hammer et al.     The photoswitchable boron-dipyrromethene–dithienylethene molecular dyad is introduced as a prototype for the efficient fluorescence intensity modulation on the molecular level. …             Erratum: Rate-dependent interface capture beyond the coffee-ring effect ▶     Yanan Li, Qiang Yang, Mingzhu Li et al.                 Structural and functional characterization of the CAP domain of pathogen-related yeast 1 (Pry1) protein ▶     Rabih Darwiche, Alan Kelleher, Elissa M. Hudspeth et al.     The production, crystal structure, and functional characterization of the C-terminal cysteine-rich secretory protein/antigen 5/pathogenesis related-1 (CAP) domain of …             Real-time spectroscopic monitoring of photocatalytic activity promoted by graphene in a microfluidic reactor ▶     Yifan Li, Beichen Lin, Likai Ge et al.     Photocatalytic microreactors have been utilized as rapid, versatile platforms for the characterization of photocatalysts. In this work, a photocatalytic microreactor integrated …             Emergence of new red-shifted carbon nanotube photoluminescence based on proximal doped-site design ▶     Tomohiro Shiraki, Tomonari Shiraishi, Gergely Juhász et al.     Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) show unique photoluminescence (PL) in the near-infrared (NIR) region. Here we propose a concept based on the proximal modification in local …             Quantitative analysis of co-oligomer formation by amyloid-beta peptide isoforms ▶     Marija Iljina, Gonzalo A. Garcia, Alexander J. Dear et al.     Multiple isoforms of aggregation-prone proteins are present under physiological conditions and have the propensity to assemble into co-oligomers with different properties from …             Bactericidal Effects against S. aureus and Physicochemical Properties of Plasma Activated Water stored at different temperatures ▶     Jin Shen, Ying Tian, Yinglong Li et al.     Water activated by non-thermal plasma creates an acidified solution containing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, known as plasma-activated water (PAW). The objective of this …             Dipolar colloids in apolar media: direct microscopy of two-dimensional suspensions ▶     Erez Janai, Avner P. Cohen, Alexander V. Butenko et al.     Spherical colloids, in an absence of external fields, are commonly assumed to interact solely through rotationally-invariant potentials, u(r). While the presence of permanent …             Probing the Origin of Challenge of Realizing Metallaphosphabenzenes: Unfavorable 1,2-Migration in Metallapyridines Becomes Feasible in Metallaphosphabenzenes ▶     Jingjing Wu, Yulei Hao, Jun Zhu     Metallabenzenes have attracted considerable interest of both theoretical and experimental chemists. However, metallaphosphabenzene has never been synthesized. Thus, understanding …             A Synthetic Pseudo-Rh: NOx Reduction Activity and Electronic Structure of Pd–Ru Solid-solution Alloy Nanoparticles ▶     Katsutoshi Sato, Hiroyuki Tomonaga, Tomokazu Yamamoto et al.     Rh is one of the most important noble metals for industrial applications. A major fraction of Rh is used as a catalyst for emission control in automotive catalytic converters …             Hydration Repulsion between Carbohydrate Surfaces Mediated by Temperature and Specific Ions ▶     Hsieh Chen, Jason R. Cox, Hooisweng Ow et al.     Stabilizing colloids or nanoparticles in solution involves a fine balance between surface charges, steric repulsion of coating molecules, and hydration forces against van der …             Molecular descriptor data explain market prices of a large commercial chemical compound library ▶     Jaroslaw Polanski, Urszula Kucia, Roksana Duszkiewicz et al.     The relationship between the structure and a property of a chemical compound is an essential concept in chemistry guiding, for example, drug design. Actually, however, we need …             White carbon: Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with tunable quantum yield in a reproducible green synthesis ▶     Till T. Meiling, Piotr J. Cywiński, Ilko Bald     In this study, a new reliable, economic, and environmentally-friendly one-step synthesis is established to obtain carbon nanodots (CNDs) with well-defined and reproducible …             Protolytic decomposition of n-octane on graphite at near room temperature ▶     Yasushi Kawashima, Mitsumasa Iwamoto     Graphite basal surface is inert, and decomposition of n-alkanes on the graphite surface has not been discovered. We here report the evidence of decomposition of n-octanes on …             From non-covalent binding to irreversible DNA lesions: nile blue and nile red as photosensitizing agents ▶     Hugo Gattuso, Vanessa Besancenot, Stéphanie Grandemange et al.     We report a molecular modeling study, coupled with spectroscopy experiments, on the behavior of two well known organic dyes, nile blue and nile red, when interacting with B-DNA. …             Triggering comprehensive enhancement in oxygen evolution reaction by using newly created solvent ▶     Hsiao-Chien Chen, Fu-Der Mai, Kuang-Hsuan Yang et al.     Theoretical calculations indicate that the properties of confined liquid water, or liquid water at surfaces, are dramatically different from those of liquid bulk water. Here we …             A lithium ion battery using an aqueous electrolyte solution ▶     Zheng Chang, Chunyang Li, Yanfang Wang et al.     Energy and environmental pollution have become the two major problems in today’s society. The development of green energy storage devices with good safety, high reliability, high …             Highly selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol over Pt nanoparticles supported on g-C3N4 nanosheets catalysts in water ▶     Xiufang Chen, Ligang Zhang, Bo Zhang et al.     Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets were investigated for developing effective Pt catalyst supports for selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol in water. The …             Effect of Transition Metal Ions on the B Ring Oxidation of Sterols and their Kinetics in Oil-in-Water Emulsions ▶     Baiyi Lu, Yinzhou Hu, Weisu Huang et al.     This study investigated the effect of metal ions on the oxidation of sterols and their kinetics in oil-in-water emulsions. Sterol substrates were added with different metal ions …             A Self-Limiting Electro-Ablation Technique for the Top-Down Synthesis of Large-Area Monolayer Flakes of 2D Materials ▶     Saptarshi Das, Mrinal K. Bera, Sheng Tong et al.     We report the discovery of an electrochemical process that converts two dimensional layered materials of arbitrary thicknesses into monolayers. The lateral dimensions of the …                       Launching in 2017: Nature Human Behaviour Now Open for Submissions! The journal will publish research of outstanding significance into any aspect of human behaviour: its psychological, biological, and social bases, as well as its origins, development, and disorders. The journal aims to enhance the visibility of research into human behaviour, strengthening its societal reach and impact. Click here to find out more and to submit your paper.               Physical Sciences ▲ top               Erratum: Theory of Thomson scattering in inhomogeneous media ▶     P. M. Kozlowski, B. J. B. Crowley, D. O. Gericke et al.                 Emergence of new red-shifted carbon nanotube photoluminescence based on proximal doped-site design ▶     Tomohiro Shiraki, Tomonari Shiraishi, Gergely Juhász et al.     Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) show unique photoluminescence (PL) in the near-infrared (NIR) region. Here we propose a concept based on the proximal modification in local …             Corrigendum: Sustainable, Rapid Synthesis of Bright-Luminescent CuInS2-ZnS Alloyed Nanocrystals: Multistage Nano-xenotoxicity Assessment and Intravital Fluorescence Bioimaging in Zebrafish-Embryos ▶     S. Shashank Chetty, S. Praneetha, Sandeep Basu et al.                 Corrigendum: Chemical nature of alkaline polyphosphate boundary film at heated rubbing surfaces ▶     Shanhong Wan, A. Kiet Tieu, Qiang Zhu et al.                 Inverse spin Hall effect in a complex ferromagnetic oxide heterostructure ▶     Martin Wahler, Nico Homonnay, Tim Richter et al.     We present spin pumping and inverse spin Hall effect (ISHE) in an epitaxial complex oxide heterostructure. Ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) is used as a source of spin pumping …             Real-time spectroscopic monitoring of photocatalytic activity promoted by graphene in a microfluidic reactor ▶     Yifan Li, Beichen Lin, Likai Ge et al.     Photocatalytic microreactors have been utilized as rapid, versatile platforms for the characterization of photocatalysts. In this work, a photocatalytic microreactor integrated …             3D coaxial out-of-plane metallic antennas for filtering and multi-spectral imaging in the infrared range ▶     Andrea Jacassi, Angelo Bozzola, Pierfrancesco Zilio et al.     We fabricated and investigated a new configuration of 3D coaxial metallic antennas working in the infrared which combines the strong lateral light scattering of vertical …             Dipolar colloids in apolar media: direct microscopy of two-dimensional suspensions ▶     Erez Janai, Avner P. Cohen, Alexander V. Butenko et al.     Spherical colloids, in an absence of external fields, are commonly assumed to interact solely through rotationally-invariant potentials, u(r). While the presence of permanent …             On the energy scale involved in the metal to insulator transition of quadruple perovskite EuCu3Fe4O12: infrared spectroscopy and ab-initio calculations ▶     B. Brière, A. Kalinko, I. Yamada et al.     Optical measurements were carried out by infrared spectroscopy on AA′3B4O12 A-site ordered quadruple perovskite EuCu3Fe4O12 (microscopic sample) as function of temperature. At …             Few-layer Phosphorene: An Ideal 2D Material For Tunnel Transistors ▶     Tarek A. Ameen, Hesameddin Ilatikhameneh, Gerhard Klimeck et al.     2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted a lot of attention recently for energy-efficient tunneling-field-effect transistor (TFET) applications due to their …             Corrigendum: Improved Drain Current Saturation and Voltage Gain in Graphene–on–Silicon Field Effect Transistors ▶     Seung Min Song, Jae Hoon Bong, Wan Sik Hwang et al.                 Erratum: Rate-dependent interface capture beyond the coffee-ring effect ▶     Yanan Li, Qiang Yang, Mingzhu Li et al.                 Highly efficient modulation of FRET in an orthogonally arranged BODIPY–DTE dyad ▶     Felix Schweighöfer, Lars Dworak, Christopher A. Hammer et al.     The photoswitchable boron-dipyrromethene–dithienylethene molecular dyad is introduced as a prototype for the efficient fluorescence intensity modulation on the molecular level. …             Transverse writing of three-dimensional tubular optical waveguides in glass with a slit-shaped femtosecond laser beam ▶     Yang Liao, Jia Qi, Peng Wang et al.     We report on fabrication of tubular optical waveguides buried in ZBLAN glass based on transverse femtosecond laser direct writing. Irradiation in ZBLAN with focused femtosecond …             A broadband terahertz ultrathin multi-focus lens ▶     Jingwen He, Jiasheng Ye, Xinke Wang et al.     Ultrathin transmission metasurface devices are designed on the basis of the Yang-Gu amplitude-phase retrieval algorithm for focusing the terahertz (THz) radiation into four or …             Bactericidal Effects against S. aureus and Physicochemical Properties of Plasma Activated Water stored at different temperatures ▶     Jin Shen, Ying Tian, Yinglong Li et al.     Water activated by non-thermal plasma creates an acidified solution containing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, known as plasma-activated water (PAW). The objective of this …             THz Acoustic Spectroscopy by using Double Quantum Wells and Ultrafast Optical Spectroscopy ▶     Fan Jun Wei, Yu-Hsiang Yeh, Jinn-Kong Sheu et al.     GaN is a pivotal material for acoustic transducers and acoustic spectroscopy in the THz regime, but its THz phonon properties have not been experimentally and comprehensively …             Numerical Demultiplexing of Color Image Sensor Measurements via Non-linear Random Forest Modeling ▶     Jason Deglint, Farnoud Kazemzadeh, Daniel Cho et al.     The simultaneous capture of imaging data at multiple wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum is highly challenging, requiring complex and costly multispectral image …             Visualising the strain distribution in suspended two-dimensional materials under local deformation ▶     Kenan Elibol, Bernhard C. Bayer, Stefan Hummel et al.     We demonstrate the use of combined simultaneous atomic force microscopy (AFM) and laterally resolved Raman spectroscopy to study the strain distribution around highly localised …             Tribo-biological deposits on the articulating surfaces of metal-on-polyethylene total hip implants retrieved from patients ▶     Zhiwei Cui, Yi-Xing Tian, Wen Yue et al.     Artificial total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the most effective orthopaedic surgeries that has been used for decades. However, wear of the articulating surfaces is one of …             3D Stretchable Arch Ribbon Array Fabricated via Grayscale Lithography ▶     Yu Pang, Yi Shu, Mohammad Shavezipur et al.     Microstructures with flexible and stretchable properties display tremendous potential applications including integrated systems, wearable devices and bio-sensor electronics. …             Experimental Realization of a Reflections-Free Compact Delay Line Based on a Photonic Topological Insulator ▶     Kueifu Lai, Tsuhsuang Ma, Xiao Bo et al.     Electromagnetic (EM) waves propagating through an inhomogeneous medium are generally scattered whenever the medium’s electromagnetic properties change on the scale of a single …             A Non-Invasive Phase Sensor for Permittivity and Moisture Estimation Based on Anomalous Dispersion ▶     Omar Siddiqui, Rashad Ramzan, Muhammad Amin et al.     The traditional microwave resonance sensors are based on the measurement of the frequency shift and bandwidth of a resonator’s amplitude spectrum. Here we propose a novel sensing …             Monogamy relation of multi-qubit systems for squared Tsallis-q entanglement ▶     Guang-Ming Yuan, Wei Song, Ming Yang et al.     Tsallis-q entanglement is a bipartite entanglement measure which is the generalization of entanglement of formation for q tending to 1. We first expand the range of q for the …             Single photon triggered dianion formation in TCNQ and F4TCNQ crystals ▶     Lin Ma, Peng Hu, Hui Jiang et al.     Excited state dynamics in two strong organic electron acceptor systems, TCNQ and F4TCNQ single crystals, was studied. After absorption of a single photon, dianions are formed in …             Enhanced four-wave mixing with nonlinear plasmonic metasurfaces ▶     Boyuan Jin, Christos Argyropoulos     Plasmonic metasurfaces provide an effective way to increase the efficiency of several nonlinear processes while maintaining nanoscale dimensions. In this work, nonlinear …             Fabrication of Laser-reduced Graphene Oxide in Liquid Nitrogen Environment ▶     Y. C. Guan, Y. W. Fang, G. C. Lim et al.     Porous structure of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) plays an important role in developing flexible graphene-based devices. In this work, we report a novel methodology for reduction …             Twin-mediated crystal growth: an enigma resolved ▶     Ashwin J. Shahani, E. Begum Gulsoy, Stefan O. Poulsen et al.     During crystal growth, faceted interfaces may be perturbed by defects, leading to a rich variety of polycrystalline growth forms. One such defect is the coherent Σ3 {111} twin …             Structural and functional characterization of the CAP domain of pathogen-related yeast 1 (Pry1) protein ▶     Rabih Darwiche, Alan Kelleher, Elissa M. Hudspeth et al.     The production, crystal structure, and functional characterization of the C-terminal cysteine-rich secretory protein/antigen 5/pathogenesis related-1 (CAP) domain of …             Quantitative analysis of co-oligomer formation by amyloid-beta peptide isoforms ▶     Marija Iljina, Gonzalo A. Garcia, Alexander J. Dear et al.     Multiple isoforms of aggregation-prone proteins are present under physiological conditions and have the propensity to assemble into co-oligomers with different properties from …             Stochastic Evolution Dynamic of the Rock–Scissors–Paper Game Based on a Quasi Birth and Death Process ▶     Qian Yu, Debin Fang, Xiaoling Zhang et al.     Stochasticity plays an important role in the evolutionary dynamic of cyclic dominance within a finite population. To investigate the stochastic evolution process of the behaviour …             Mobile phone imaging and cloud-based analysis for standardized malaria detection and reporting ▶     Thomas F. Scherr, Sparsh Gupta, David W. Wright et al.     Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been widely deployed in low-resource settings. These tests are typically read by visual inspection, and accurate record keeping and data …             Focused ultrasound-enhanced intranasal brain delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor ▶     Hong Chen, Georgiana Zong Xin Yang, Hoheteberhan Getachew et al.     The objective of this study was to unveil the potential mechanism of focused ultrasound (FUS)-enhanced intranasal (IN) brain drug delivery and assess its feasibility in the …             Far-Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy Investigation of Phonon Modes in Amorphous and Crystalline Epitaxial GeTe-Sb2Te3 Alloys ▶     V. Bragaglia, K. Holldack, J. E. Boschker et al.     A combination of far-infrared and Raman spectroscopy is employed to investigate vibrational modes and the carrier behavior in amorphous and crystalline ordered GeTe-Sb2Te3 alloys …             Dual-pump Kerr Micro-cavity Optical Frequency Comb with varying FSR spacing ▶     Weiqiang Wang, Sai T. Chu, Brent E. Little et al.     In this paper, we demonstrate a novel dual-pump approach to generate robust optical frequency comb with varying free spectral range (FSR) spacing in a CMOS-compatible high-Q …             A Synthetic Pseudo-Rh: NOx Reduction Activity and Electronic Structure of Pd–Ru Solid-solution Alloy Nanoparticles ▶     Katsutoshi Sato, Hiroyuki Tomonaga, Tomokazu Yamamoto et al.     Rh is one of the most important noble metals for industrial applications. A major fraction of Rh is used as a catalyst for emission control in automotive catalytic converters …             Mesoporous Nano-Silica Serves as the Degradation Inhibitor in Polymer Dielectrics ▶     Yang Yang, Jun Hu, Jinliang He     A new generation of nano-additives for robust high performance nanodielectrics is proposed. It is demonstrated for the first time that mesoporous material could act as …             Probing the Origin of Challenge of Realizing Metallaphosphabenzenes: Unfavorable 1,2-Migration in Metallapyridines Becomes Feasible in Metallaphosphabenzenes ▶     Jingjing Wu, Yulei Hao, Jun Zhu     Metallabenzenes have attracted considerable interest of both theoretical and experimental chemists. However, metallaphosphabenzene has never been synthesized. Thus, understanding …             Efficiency Enhancement of InGaN-Based Solar Cells via Stacking Layers of Light-Harvesting Nanospheres ▶     Amal M. Al-Amri, Po-Han Fu, Kun-Yu Lai et al.     An effective light-harvesting scheme for InGaN-based multiple quantum well solar cells is demonstrated using stacking layers of polystyrene nanospheres. Light-harvesting …             Cross-stacked carbon nanotubes assisted self-separation of free-standing GaN substrates by hydride vapor phase epitaxy ▶     Tongbo Wei, Jiankun Yang, Yang Wei et al.     We report a novel method to fabricate high quality 2-inch freestanding GaN substrate grown on cross-stacked carbon nanotubes (CSCNTs) coated sapphire by hydride vapor phase …             Photochemical Isomerization and Topochemical Polymerization of the Programmed Asymmetric Amphiphiles ▶     Dae-Yoon Kim, Sang-A Lee, Daseal Jung et al.     For the advancement in multi-stimuli responsive optical devices, we report the elaborate molecular engineering of the dual photo-functionalized amphiphile (abbreviated as AZ1DA) …             Cloaking of solar cell contacts at the onset of Rayleigh scattering ▶     Etor San Román, Alan Vitrey, Jerónimo Buencuerpo et al.     Electrical contacts on the top surface of solar cells and light emitting diodes cause shadow losses. The phenomenon of extraordinary optical transmission through arrays of …             Enhanced optical gradient forces between coupled graphene sheets ▶     Xinbiao Xu, Lei Shi, Yang Liu et al.     Optical gradient forces between monolayer infinite-width graphene sheets as well as single-mode graphene nanoribbon pairs of graphene surface plasmons (GSPs) at mid-infrared …             Two conformational states in D-shaped DNA: Effects of local denaturation ▶     O.-chul Lee, Cheolhee Kim, Jae-Yeol Kim et al.     The bending of double-stranded(ds) DNA on the nano-meter scale plays a key role in many cellular processes such as nucleosome packing, transcription-control, and viral-genome …             Effective-mass model and magneto-optical properties in hybrid perovskites ▶     Z. G. Yu     Hybrid inorganic-organic perovskites have proven to be a revolutionary material for low-cost photovoltaic applications. They also exhibit many other interesting properties, …             In-situ Electric Field-Induced Modulation of Photoluminescence in Pr-doped Ba0.85Ca0.15Ti0.90Zr0.10O3 Lead-Free Ceramics ▶     Hai Ling Sun, Xiao Wu, Tat Hang Chung et al.     Luminescent materials with dynamic photoluminescence activity have aroused special interest because of their potential widespread applications. One proposed approach of directly …             Quantum spin Hall insulator in halogenated arsenene films with sizable energy gaps ▶     Dongchao Wang, Li Chen, Changmin Shi et al.     Based on first-principles calculations, the electronic and topological properties of halogenated (F-, Cl-, Br- and I-) arsenene are investigated in detail. It is found that the …             Self-Propelled Hovercraft Based on Cold Leidenfrost Phenomenon ▶     Meng Shi, Xing Ji, Shangsheng Feng et al.     The Leidenfrost phenomenon of liquid droplets levitating and dancing when placed upon a hot plate due to propulsion of evaporative vapor has been extended to many self-propelled …             Large Bandgap Shrinkage from Doping and Dielectric Interface in Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes ▶     Everett Comfort, Ji Ung Lee     The bandgap of a semiconductor is one of its most important electronic properties. It is often considered to be a fixed property of the semiconductor. As the dimensions of …             Constructing Bi24O31Cl10/BiOCl heterojunction via a simple thermal annealing route for achieving enhanced photocatalytic activity and selectivity ▶     Xiaoyan Liu, Yiguo Su, Qihang Zhao et al.     This work reports on the construction of a Bi24O31Cl10/BiOCl heterojunction via a simple thermal annealing method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the phase …             Photochromic switching of the DNA helicity induced by azobenzene derivatives ▶     Marco Deiana, Ziemowit Pokladek, Joanna Olesiak-Banska et al.     The photochromic properties of azobenzene, involving conformational changes occurring upon interaction with light, provide an excellent tool to establish new ways of selective …             Kinetics and Mechanisms of γ′ Reprecipitation in a Ni-based Superalloy ▶     F. Masoumi, D. Shahriari, M. Jahazi et al.     The reprecipitation mechanisms and kinetics of γ′ particles during cooling from supersolvus and subsolvus temperatures were studied in AD730TM Ni-based superalloy using …             Unified selective sorting approach to analyse multi-electrode extracellular data ▶     R. Veerabhadrappa, C. P. Lim, T. T. Nguyen et al.     Extracellular data analysis has become a quintessential method for understanding the neurophysiological responses to stimuli. This demands stringent techniques owing to the …             Polyester type polyHIPE scaffolds with an interconnected porous structure for cartilage regeneration ▶     Jakob Naranda, Maja Sušec, Uroš Maver et al.     Development of artificial materials for the facilitation of cartilage regeneration remains an important challenge in orthopedic practice. Our study investigates the potential for …             Photo-derived transformation from modified chitosan@calcium carbonate nanohybrids to nanosponges ▶     Jeong Hoon Byeon     Zwitterionic chitosan (ZC)@calcium carbonate (CC) nanoparticles were conveniently obtained and transformed to biocompatible nanosponges by continuous gas-phase photo-derived …             Resonance Raman Probes for Organelle-Specific Labeling in Live Cells ▶     Andrey N. Kuzmin, Artem Pliss, Chang-Keun Lim et al.     Raman microspectroscopy provides for high-resolution non-invasive molecular analysis of biological samples and has a breakthrough potential for dissection of cellular molecular …             Ultrafast control of third-order optical nonlinearities in fishnet metamaterials ▶     Alexander S. Shorokhov, Kirill I. Okhlopkov, Jörg Reinhold et al.     Nonlinear photonic nanostructures that allow efficient all-optical switching are considered to be a prospective platform for novel building blocks in photonics. We performed …             Spin polarization of excitons in organic multiferroic composites ▶     Shixuan Han, Liu Yang, Kun Gao et al.     Recently, the discovery of room temperature magnetoelectricity in organic charge transfer complexes has reignited interest in the multiferroic field. The solution processed, …             White carbon: Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles with tunable quantum yield in a reproducible green synthesis ▶     Till T. Meiling, Piotr J. Cywiński, Ilko Bald     In this study, a new reliable, economic, and environmentally-friendly one-step synthesis is established to obtain carbon nanodots (CNDs) with well-defined and reproducible …             Molecular descriptor data explain market prices of a large commercial chemical compound library ▶     Jaroslaw Polanski, Urszula Kucia, Roksana Duszkiewicz et al.     The relationship between the structure and a property of a chemical compound is an essential concept in chemistry guiding, for example, drug design. Actually, however, we need …             Hydration Repulsion between Carbohydrate Surfaces Mediated by Temperature and Specific Ions ▶     Hsieh Chen, Jason R. Cox, Hooisweng Ow et al.     Stabilizing colloids or nanoparticles in solution involves a fine balance between surface charges, steric repulsion of coating molecules, and hydration forces against van der …             Ultrafast diffusion of Ionic Liquids Confined in Carbon Nanotubes ▶     Aziz Ghoufi, Anthony Szymczyk, Patrice Malfreyt     Over the past decade many works have focused on various aspects of the dynamics of liquids confined at the nanoscale such as e.g. water flow enhancement through carbon nanotubes …             Protolytic decomposition of n-octane on graphite at near room temperature ▶     Yasushi Kawashima, Mitsumasa Iwamoto     Graphite basal surface is inert, and decomposition of n-alkanes on the graphite surface has not been discovered. We here report the evidence of decomposition of n-octanes on …             On the importance of full-dimensionality in low-energy molecular scattering calculations ▶     Alexandre Faure, Piotr Jankowski, Thierry Stoecklin et al.     Scattering of H2 on CO is of great importance in astrophysics and also is a benchmark system for comparing theory to experiment. We present here a new 6-dimensional potential …             When do perturbative approaches accurately capture the dynamics of complex quantum systems? ▶     Amir Fruchtman, Neill Lambert, Erik M. Gauger     Understanding the dynamics of higher-dimensional quantum systems embedded in a complex environment remains a significant theoretical challenge. While several approaches yielding …             Corrigendum: Universality in boundary domain growth by sudden bridging ▶     A. A. Saberi, S. H. Ebrahimnazhad Rahbari, H. Dashti-Naserabadi et al.                 Geometrically pinned magnetic domain wall for multi-bit per cell storage memory ▶     M. Al Bahri, R. Sbiaa     Spintronic devices currently rely on magnetic switching or controlled motion of domain walls (DWs) by an external magnetic field or a spin-polarized current. Controlling the …             Light-trapping and recycling for extraordinary power conversion in ultra-thin gallium-arsenide solar cells ▶     Sergey Eyderman, Sajeev John     We demonstrate nearly 30% power conversion efficiency in ultra-thin (~200 nm) gallium arsenide photonic crystal solar cells by numerical solution of the coupled electromagnetic …             A solvent-free microbial-activated air cathode battery paper platform made with pencil-traced graphite electrodes ▶     Seung Ho Lee, Ju Yeon Ban, Chung-Hun Oh et al.     We present the fabrication of an ultra-low cost, disposable, solvent-free air cathode all-paper microbial fuel cell (MFC) that does not utilize any chemical treatments. The anode …             Highly Efficient Thermoresponsive Nanocomposite for Controlled Release Applications ▶     Omar Yassine, Amir Zaher, Er Qiang Li et al.     Highly efficient magnetic release from nanocomposite microparticles is shown, which are made of Poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel with embedded iron nanowires. A simple …             Spatially resolved photoresponse on individual ZnO nanorods: correlating morphology, defects and conductivity ▶     K. Bandopadhyay, J. Mitra     Electrically active native point defects have a significant impact on the optical and electrical properties of ZnO nanostructures. Control of defect distribution and a detailed …             Sub-10 nm Ta Channel Responsible for Superior Performance of a HfO2 Memristor ▶     Hao Jiang, Lili Han, Peng Lin et al.     Memristive devices are promising candidates for the next generation non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing. It has been widely accepted that the motion of oxygen anions …             Zinc Oxide Nanorods Shielded with an Ultrathin Nickel Layer: Tailoring of Physical Properties ▶     Devika Mudusu, Koteeswara Reddy Nandanapalli, Sreekantha Reddy Dugasani et al.     We report on the development of Ni-shielded ZnO nanorod (NR) structures and the impact of the Ni layer on the ZnO NR properties. We developed nickel-capped zinc oxide nanorod …             Depth-specific optogenetic control in vivo with a scalable, high-density μLED neural probe ▶     Robert Scharf, Tomomi Tsunematsu, Niall McAlinden et al.     Controlling neural circuits is a powerful approach to uncover a causal link between neural activity and behaviour. Optogenetics has been widely adopted by the neuroscience …             Widespread ground motion distribution caused by rupture directivity during the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake ▶     Kazuki Koketsu, Hiroe Miyake, Yujia Guo et al.     The ground motion and damage caused by the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake can be characterized by their widespread distributions to the east. Evidence from strong ground motions, …             Extracellular control of intracellular drug release for enhanced safety of anti-cancer chemotherapy ▶     Qian Zhu, Haixia Qi, Ziyan Long et al.     The difficulty of controlling drug release at an intracellular level remains a key challenge for maximising drug safety and efficacy. We demonstrate herein a new, efficient and …             Aerosol assisted chemical vapour deposition of gas sensitive SnO2 and Au-functionalised SnO2 nanorods via a non-catalysed vapour solid (VS) mechanism ▶     Stella Vallejos, Soultana Selina, Fatima Ezahra Annanouch et al.     Tin oxide nanorods (NRs) are vapour synthesised at relatively lower temperatures than previously reported and without the need for substrate pre-treatment, via a vapour-solid …             Transient cerebral hypoperfusion and hypertensive events during atrial fibrillation: a plausible mechanism for cognitive impairment ▶     Matteo Anselmino, Stefania Scarsoglio, Andrea Saglietto et al.     Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of dementia and cognitive decline, independent of strokes. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this …             Random-phase metasurfaces at optical wavelengths ▶     Anders Pors, Fei Ding, Yiting Chen et al.     Random-phase metasurfaces, in which the constituents scatter light with random phases, have the property that an incident plane wave will diffusely scatter, hereby leading to a …             Numerical investigation of band gaps in 3D printed cantilever-in-mass metamaterials ▶     Awais Qureshi, Bing Li, K. T. Tan     In this research, the negative effective mass behavior of elastic/mechanical metamaterials is exhibited by a cantilever-in-mass structure as a proposed design for creating …             Triggering comprehensive enhancement in oxygen evolution reaction by using newly created solvent ▶     Hsiao-Chien Chen, Fu-Der Mai, Kuang-Hsuan Yang et al.     Theoretical calculations indicate that the properties of confined liquid water, or liquid water at surfaces, are dramatically different from those of liquid bulk water. Here we …             A lithium ion battery using an aqueous electrolyte solution ▶     Zheng Chang, Chunyang Li, Yanfang Wang et al.     Energy and environmental pollution have become the two major problems in today’s society. The development of green energy storage devices with good safety, high reliability, high …             Multiscale conformal pattern transfer ▶     Kristof Lodewijks, Vladimir Miljkovic, Inès Massiot et al.     We demonstrate a method for seamless transfer from a parent flat substrate of basically any lithographic top-down or bottom-up pattern onto essentially any kind of surface. The …             Robustness of the far-field response of nonlocal plasmonic ensembles ▶     Christos Tserkezis, Johan R. Maack, Zhaowei Liu et al.     Contrary to classical predictions, the optical response of few-nm plasmonic particles depends on particle size due to effects such as nonlocality and electron spill-out. …             Relativistic-microwave theory of ball lightning ▶     H.-C. Wu     Ball lightning, a fireball sometimes observed during lightnings, has remained unexplained. Here we present a comprehensive theory for the phenomenon: At the tip of a lightning …             From non-covalent binding to irreversible DNA lesions: nile blue and nile red as photosensitizing agents ▶     Hugo Gattuso, Vanessa Besancenot, Stéphanie Grandemange et al.     We report a molecular modeling study, coupled with spectroscopy experiments, on the behavior of two well known organic dyes, nile blue and nile red, when interacting with B-DNA. …             Transition-state theory predicts clogging at the microscale ▶     T. van de Laar, S. ten Klooster, K. Schroën et al.     Clogging is one of the main failure mechanisms encountered in industrial processes such as membrane filtration. Our understanding of the factors that govern the build-up of …             Long spin lifetime and large barrier polarisation in single electron transport through a CoFe nanoparticle ▶     R. C. Temple, M. McLaren, R. M. D. Brydson et al.     We have investigated single electron spin transport in individual single crystal bcc Co30Fe70 nanoparticles using scanning tunnelling microscopy with a standard tungsten tip. …             Unraveling nonadiabatic ionization and Coulomb potential effect in strong-field photoelectron holography ▶     Xiaohong Song, Cheng Lin, Zhihao Sheng et al.     Strong field photoelectron holography has been proposed as a means for interrogating the spatial and temporal information of electrons and ions in a dynamic system. After …             Design of High Temperature Ti-Pd-Cr Shape Memory Alloys with Small Thermal Hysteresis ▶     Deqing Xue, Ruihao Yuan, Yumei Zhou et al.     The large thermal hysteresis (ΔT) during the temperature induced martensitic transformation is a major obstacle to the functional stability of shape memory alloys (SMAs), …             Piezo Voltage Controlled Planar Hall Effect Devices ▶     Bao Zhang, Kang-Kang Meng, Mei-Yin Yang et al.     The electrical control of the magnetization switching in ferromagnets is highly desired for future spintronic applications. Here we report on hybrid piezoelectric …             Dimensionality tuning of the electronic structure in Fe3Ga4 magnetic materials ▶     K. O. Moura, L. A. S. de Oliveira, P. F. S. Rosa et al.     This work reports on the dimensionality effects on the magnetic behavior of Fe3Ga4 compounds by means of magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and specific heat …             Crystal Structure Manipulation of the Exchange Bias in an Antiferromagnetic Film ▶     Wei Yuan, Tang Su, Qi Song et al.     Exchange bias is one of the most extensively studied phenomena in magnetism, since it exerts a unidirectional anisotropy to a ferromagnet (FM) when coupled to an antiferromagnet …             Ultra-broadband achromatic imaging with diffractive photon sieves ▶     Xiaonan Zhao, Jingpei Hu, Yu Lin et al.     Diffractive optical elements suffer from large chromatic aberration due to the strong wavelength-dependent nature in diffraction phenomena, and therefore, diffractive elements …             Highly selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol over Pt nanoparticles supported on g-C3N4 nanosheets catalysts in water ▶     Xiufang Chen, Ligang Zhang, Bo Zhang et al.     Graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets were investigated for developing effective Pt catalyst supports for selective hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol in water. The …             Invisibility Cloak Printed on a Photonic Chip ▶     Zhen Feng, Bing-Hong Wu, Yu-Xi Zhao et al.     Invisibility cloak capable of hiding an object can be achieved by properly manipulating electromagnetic field. Such a remarkable ability has been shown in transformation and ray …             Multifarious topological quantum phase transitions in two-dimensional topological superconductors ▶     Xiao-Ping Liu, Yuan Zhou, Yi-Fei Wang et al.     We study the two-dimensional topological superconductors of spinless fermions in a checkerboard-lattice Chern-insulator model. With the short-range p-wave superconducting …             Optical simulation of a Popescu-Rohrlich Box ▶     Wen-Jing Chu, Xiao-Lan Zong, Ming Yang et al.     It is well known that the fair-sampling loophole in Bell test opened by the selection of the state to be measured can lead to post-quantum correlations. In this paper, we make …             Microfluidic neurite guidance to study structure-function relationships in topologically-complex population-based neural networks ▶     Thibault Honegger, Moritz I. Thielen, Soheil Feizi et al.     The central nervous system is a dense, layered, 3D interconnected network of populations of neurons, and thus recapitulating that complexity for in vitro CNS models requires …             Effect of Transition Metal Ions on the B Ring Oxidation of Sterols and their Kinetics in Oil-in-Water Emulsions ▶     Baiyi Lu, Yinzhou Hu, Weisu Huang et al.     This study investigated the effect of metal ions on the oxidation of sterols and their kinetics in oil-in-water emulsions. Sterol substrates were added with different metal ions …             Rapid, High-Resolution Forest Structure and Terrain Mapping over Large Areas using Single Photon Lidar ▶     Anu Swatantran, Hao Tang, Terence Barrett et al.     Single photon lidar (SPL) is an innovative technology for rapid forest structure and terrain characterization over large areas. Here, we evaluate data from an SPL instrument - …             Serum Uric Acid Levels were Dynamically Coupled with Hemoglobin A1c in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes ▶     Fengjiang Wei, Baocheng Chang, Xilin Yang et al.     The aim of the study was to decipher the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in both type 2 diabetes …             Hall-plot of the phase diagram for Ba(Fe1−xCox)2As2 ▶     Kazumasa Iida, Vadim Grinenko, Fritz Kurth et al.     The Hall effect is a powerful tool for investigating carrier type and density. For single-band materials, the Hall coefficient is traditionally expressed simply by , where e is …             Impact of Information based Classification on Network Epidemics ▶     Bimal Kumar Mishra, Kaushik Haldar, Durgesh Nandini Sinha     Formulating mathematical models for accurate approximation of malicious propagation in a network is a difficult process because of our inherent lack of understanding of several …             Ultrahigh Frequency (100 MHz–300 MHz) Ultrasonic Transducers for Optical Resolution Medical Imagining ▶     Chunlong Fei, Chi Tat Chiu, Xiaoyang Chen et al.     High resolution ultrasonic imaging requires high frequency wide band ultrasonic transducers, which produce short pulses and highly focused beam. However, currently the frequency …             Mesostructure of Ordered Corneal Nano-nipple Arrays: The Role of 5–7 Coordination Defects ▶     Ken C. Lee, Qi Yu, Uwe Erb     Corneal nano-nipple structures consisting of hexagonally arranged protrusions with diameters around 200 nm have long been known for their antireflection capability and have …             A Self-Limiting Electro-Ablation Technique for the Top-Down Synthesis of Large-Area Monolayer Flakes of 2D Materials ▶     Saptarshi Das, Mrinal K. Bera, Sheng Tong et al.     We report the discovery of an electrochemical process that converts two dimensional layered materials of arbitrary thicknesses into monolayers. The lateral dimensions of the …             Electrically switchable organo–inorganic hybrid for a white-light laser source ▶     Jui-Chieh Huang, Yu-Cheng Hsiao, Yu-Ting Lin et al.     We demonstrate a spectrally discrete white-light laser device based on a photonic bandgap hybrid, which is composed of a soft photonic crystal; i.e., a layer of dye-doped …             An interpolatory ansatz captures the physics of one-dimensional confined Fermi systems ▶     M. E. S. Andersen, A. S. Dehkharghani, A. G. Volosniev et al.     Interacting one-dimensional quantum systems play a pivotal role in physics. Exact solutions can be obtained for the homogeneous case using the Bethe ansatz and bosonisation …             Pure electronic metal-insulator transition at the interface of complex oxides ▶     D. Meyers, Jian Liu, J. W. Freeland et al.     In complex materials observed electronic phases and transitions between them often involve coupling between many degrees of freedom whose entanglement convolutes understanding of …             Effect of experimental laser imperfections on laser wakefield acceleration and betatron source ▶     J. Ferri, X. Davoine, S. Fourmaux et al.     Laser pulses in current ultra-short TW systems are far from being ideal Gaussian beams. The influence of the presence of non-Gaussian features of the laser pulse is investigated …             Combining operando synchrotron X-ray tomographic microscopy and scanning X-ray diffraction to study lithium ion batteries ▶     Patrick Pietsch, Michael Hess, Wolfgang Ludwig et al.     We present an operando study of a lithium ion battery combining scanning X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) simultaneously …             Multifunctional Fe3O4 @ Au core/shell nanostars: a unique platform for multimode imaging and photothermal therapy of tumors ▶     Yong Hu, Ruizhi Wang, Shige Wang et al.     We herein report the development of multifunctional folic acid (FA)-targeted Fe3O4 @ Au nanostars (NSs) for targeted multi-mode magnetic resonance (MR)/computed tomography …             Quantum chemistry and charge transport in biomolecules with superconducting circuits ▶     L. García-Álvarez, U. Las Heras, A. Mezzacapo et al.     We propose an efficient protocol for digital quantum simulation of quantum chemistry problems and enhanced digital-analog quantum simulation of transport phenomena in …             Tunable electronic properties of graphene through controlling bonding configurations of doped nitrogen atoms ▶     Jia Zhang, Chao Zhao, Na Liu et al.     Single–layer and mono–component doped graphene is a crucial platform for a better understanding of the relationship between its intrinsic electronic properties and atomic bonding …             Effect of ionic radii on the Curie temperature in Ba1-x-ySrxCayTiO3 compounds ▶     A. Berenov, F. Le Goupil, N. Alford     A series of Ba1-x-ySrxCayTiO3 compounds were prepared with varying average ionic radii and cation disorder on A-site. All samples showed typical ferroelectric behavior. A simple …             Homotopy-Theoretic Study & Atomic-Scale Observation of Vortex Domains in Hexagonal Manganites ▶     Jun Li, Fu-Kuo Chiang, Zhen Chen et al.     Essential structural properties of the non-trivial “string-wall-bounded” topological defects in hexagonal manganites are studied through homotopy group theory and spherical …             A novel visualization technique for measuring liquid diffusion coefficient based on asymmetric liquid-core cylindrical lens ▶     Licun Sun, Xiaoyun Pu     A visualization and quantification optical method for measuring binary liquid diffusion coefficient (D) based on an asymmetric liquid-core cylindrical lens (ALCL) is introduced …             Shear-banding Induced Indentation Size Effect in Metallic Glasses ▶     Y. M. Lu, B. A. Sun, L. Z. Zhao et al.     Shear-banding is commonly regarded as the “plasticity carrier” of metallic glasses (MGs), which usually causes severe strain localization and catastrophic failure if unhindered. …             Metal-free carbon nanotubes: synthesis, and enhanced intrinsic microwave absorption properties ▶     Xiaosi Qi, Jianle Xu, Qi Hu et al.     In order to clearly understand the intrinsic microwave absorption properties of carbon nanomaterials, we proposed an efficient strategy to synthesize high purity metal-free …             Horizontally assembled green InGaN nanorod LEDs: scalable polarized surface emitting LEDs using electric-field assisted assembly ▶     Hoo Keun Park, Seong Woong Yoon, Yun Jae Eo et al.     In this study, we report the concerted fabrication process, which is easy to transform the size of active emitting area and produce polarized surface light, using the …             Phase Modulation of Photonic Band Gap Signal ▶     Zhiguo Wang, Mengqin Gao, Abdul Rasheed Mahesar et al.     We first investigate the probe transmission signal (PTS) and the four wave mixing band gap signal (FWM BGS) modulated simultaneously by the relative phase and the nonlinear phase …             Rapid and High-Efficiency Laser-Alloying Formation of ZnMgO Nanocrystals ▶     Peisheng Liu, Hao Wang, Jun Chen et al.     Applications of ZnMgO nanocrystals (NCs), especially in photoelectric detectors, have significant limitations because of the unresolved phase separation in the synthesis process. …             Josephson effects in the junction formed by DIII-class topological and s-wave superconductors with an embedded quantum dot ▶     Zhen Gao, Xiao-Qi Wang, Wan-Fei Shan et al.     We investigate the Josephson effects in the junction formed by the indirect coupling between DIII-class topological and s-wave superconductors via an embedded quantum dot. Due to …             Study of antibacterial mechanism of graphene oxide using Raman spectroscopy ▶     Sitansu Sekhar Nanda, Dong Kee Yi, Kwangmeyung Kim     Graphene oxide (GO) is extensively proposed as an effective antibacterial agent in commercial product packaging and for various biomedical applications. However, the …             Thermodynamic power of non-Markovianity ▶     Bogna Bylicka, Mikko Tukiainen, Dariusz Chruściński et al.     The natural framework to discuss thermodynamics at the quantum level is the theory of open quantum systems. Memory effects arising from strong system-environment correlations may …             Approaching Defect-free Amorphous Silicon Nitride by Plasma-assisted Atomic Beam Deposition for High Performance Gate Dielectric ▶     Shu-Ju Tsai, Chiang-Lun Wang, Hung-Chun Lee et al.     In the past few decades, gate insulators with a high dielectric constant (high-k dielectric) enabling a physically thick but dielectrically thin insulating layer, have been used …             A series of compact rejection filters based on the interaction between spoof SPPs and CSRRs ▶     Qian Zhang, Hao Chi Zhang, Jia Yuan Yin et al.     We propose a method to synthesize several band-rejection filters by etching split-ring resonators (SRRs) on the transmission line for spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), …             Suppression of compensating native defect formation during semiconductor processing via excess carriers ▶     K. Alberi, M. A. Scarpulla     In many semiconductors, compensating defects set doping limits, decrease carrier mobility, and reduce minority carrier lifetime thus limiting their utility in devices. Native …             Control efficacy of complex networks ▶     Xin-Dong Gao, Wen-Xu Wang, Ying-Cheng Lai     Controlling complex networks has become a forefront research area in network science and engineering. Recent efforts have led to theoretical frameworks of controllability to …             Long-range wetting transparency on top of layered metal-dielectric substrates ▶     M. A. Noginov, Yuri A. Barnakov, Vladimir Liberman et al.     It has been recently shown that scores of physical and chemical phenomena (including spontaneous emission, scattering and Förster energy transfer) can be controlled by nonlocal …             Raman scattering and anomalous Stokes–anti-Stokes ratio in MoTe2 atomic layers ▶     Thomas Goldstein, Shao-Yu Chen, Jiayue Tong et al.     Stokes and anti-Stokes Raman scattering are performed on atomic layers of hexagonal molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2), a prototypical transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) …             Pro-haloacetate Nanoparticles for Efficient Cancer Therapy via Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase Modulation ▶     Santosh K. Misra, Mao Ye, Fatemeh Ostadhossein et al.     Anticancer agents based on haloacetic acids are developed for inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK), an enzyme responsible for reversing the suppression of …             Dual Drug Loaded Biodegradable Nanofibrous Microsphere for Improving Anti-Colon Cancer Activity ▶     Rangrang Fan, Xiaoling Li, Jiaojiao Deng et al.     One of the approaches being explored to increase antitumor activity of chemotherapeutics is to inject drug-loaded microspheres locally to specific anatomic sites, providing for a …             Mechanochemical conversion of brominated POPs into useful oxybromides: a greener approach ▶     Giovanni Cagnetta, Han Liu, Kunlun Zhang et al.     Brominated organic pollutants are considered of great concern for their adverse effect on human health and the environment, so an increasing number of such compounds are being …             Time-varying land subsidence detected by radar altimetry: California, Taiwan and north China ▶     Cheinway Hwang, Yuande Yang, Ricky Kao et al.     Contemporary applications of radar altimetry include sea-level rise, ocean circulation, marine gravity, and icesheet elevation change. Unlike InSAR and GNSS, which are widely …             Optimizing the robustness of electrical power systems against cascading failures ▶     Yingrui Zhang, Osman Yağan     Electrical power systems are one of the most important infrastructures that support our society. However, their vulnerabilities have raised great concern recently due to several …             Human Protein Subcellular Localization with Integrated Source and Multi-label Ensemble Classifier ▶     Xiaotong Guo, Fulin Liu, Ying Ju et al.     Predicting protein subcellular location is necessary for understanding cell function. Several machine learning methods have been developed for computational prediction of primary …             Real world ocean rogue waves explained without the modulational instability ▶     Francesco Fedele, Joseph Brennan, Sonia Ponce de León et al.     Since the 1990s, the modulational instability has commonly been used to explain the occurrence of rogue waves that appear from nowhere in the open ocean. However, the importance …             Heart rhythm complexity impairment in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis ▶     Yen-Hung Lin, Chen Lin, Yi-Heng Ho et al.     Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in patients with advanced renal disease. The objective of this study was to investigate impairments in heart rhythm …             Quantifying and predicting Drosophila larvae crawling phenotypes ▶     Maximilian N. Günther, Guilherme Nettesheim, George T. Shubeita     The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a widely used model for cell biology, development, disease, and neuroscience. The fly’s power as a genetic model for disease and …             Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Multispecies Oral Biofilm Resistance to Chlorhexidine Treatment ▶     Ya Shen, Jia Zhao, César de la Fuente-Núñez et al.     We investigate recovery of multispecies oral biofilms following chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) and CHX with surface modifiers (CHX-Plus) treatment. Specifically, we examine the …             A Local Learning Rule for Independent Component Analysis ▶     Takuya Isomura, Taro Toyoizumi     Humans can separately recognize independent sources when they sense their superposition. This decomposition is mathematically formulated as independent component analysis (ICA). …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Mitigating wildfire carbon loss in managed northern peatlands through restoration ▶     Gustaf Granath, Paul A. Moore, Maxwell C. Lukenbach et al.     Northern peatlands can emit large amounts of carbon and harmful smoke pollution during a wildfire. Of particular concern are drained and mined peatlands, where management …             Planning for assisted colonization of plants in a warming world ▶     Alessandro Ferrarini, Alberto Selvaggi, Thomas Abeli et al.     Assisted colonization is one way of facilitating range shifts for species that are restricted in their ability to move in response to climate change. Here we conceptualize and …             Present-day uplift of the western Alps ▶     J.-M. Nocquet, C. Sue, A. Walpersdorf et al.     Collisional mountain belts grow as a consequence of continental plate convergence and eventually disappear under the combined effects of gravitational collapse and erosion. Using …             Urbanization affects neophilia and risk-taking at bird-feeders ▶     Piotr Tryjanowski, Anders Pape Møller, Federico Morelli et al.     Urban environments cover vast areas with a high density of humans and their dogs and cats causing problems for exploitation of new resources by wild animals. Such resources …             Corrigendum: Solar cycles or random processes? Evaluating solar variability in Holocene climate records ▶     T. Edward Turner, Graeme T. Swindles, Dan J. Charman et al.                 Insecticide resistance and nutrition interactively shape life-history parameters in German cockroaches ▶     Kim Jensen, Alexander E. Ko, Coby Schal et al.     Fitness-related costs of evolving insecticide resistance have been reported in a number of insect species, but the interplay between evolutionary adaptation to insecticide …             Dispersal similarly shapes both population genetics and community patterns in the marine realm ▶     Guillem Chust, Ernesto Villarino, Anne Chenuil et al.     Dispersal plays a key role to connect populations and, if limited, is one of the main processes to maintain and generate regional biodiversity. According to neutral theories of …             Physiological and molecular evidence of differential short-term heat tolerance in Mediterranean seagrasses ▶     Lazaro Marín-Guirao, Juan M. Ruiz, Emanuela Dattolo et al.     The increase in extreme heat events associated to global warming threatens seagrass ecosystems, likely by affecting key plant physiological processes such as photosynthesis and …             Severest crisis overlooked—Worst disruption of terrestrial environments postdates the Permian–Triassic mass extinction ▶     Peter A. Hochuli, Anna Sanson-Barrera, Elke Schneebeli-Hermann et al.     Generally Early Triassic floras are believed to be depauperate, suffering from protracted recovery following the Permian–Triassic extinction event. Here we present palynological …             A portable trap with electric lead catches up to 75% of an invasive fish species ▶     Nicholas S. Johnson, Scott Miehls, Lisa M. O’Connor et al.     A novel system combining a trap and pulsed direct current electricity was able to catch up to 75% of tagged invasive sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus in free-flowing streams. …             Biogas generation in anaerobic wastewater treatment under tetracycline antibiotic pressure ▶     Meiqing Lu, Xiaojun Niu, Wei Liu et al.     The effect of tetracycline (TC) antibiotic on biogas generation in anaerobic wastewater treatment was studied. A lab-scale Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) with three compartments …             Spatiotemporal Co-existence of Female Thyroid and Breast Cancers in Hangzhou, China ▶     Xufeng Fei, George Christakos, Zhaohan Lou et al.     Thyroid and breast cancers (TC, BC) are common female malignant tumors worldwide. Studies suggest that TC patients have a higher BC risk, and vice versa. However, it has not been …             Constructing Bi24O31Cl10/BiOCl heterojunction via a simple thermal annealing route for achieving enhanced photocatalytic activity and selectivity ▶     Xiaoyan Liu, Yiguo Su, Qihang Zhao et al.     This work reports on the construction of a Bi24O31Cl10/BiOCl heterojunction via a simple thermal annealing method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that the phase …             Responses of eastern Chinese coastal salt marshes to sea-level rise combined with vegetative and sedimentary processes ▶     Zhen-Ming Ge, Heng Wang, Hao-Bin Cao et al.     The impacts of sea-level rise (SLR) on coastal ecosystems have attracted worldwide attention in relation to global change. In this study, the salt marsh model for the Yangtze …             Responsiveness of soil nitrogen fractions and bacterial communities to afforestation in the Loess Hilly Region (LHR) of China ▶     Chengjie Ren, Pingsheng Sun, Di Kang et al.     In the present paper, we investigated the effects of afforestation on nitrogen fractions and microbial communities. A total of 24 soil samples were collected from farmland (FL) …             Health Benefits from Nature Experiences Depend on Dose ▶     Danielle F. Shanahan, Robert Bush, Kevin J. Gaston et al.     Nature within cities will have a central role in helping address key global public health challenges associated with urbanization. However, there is almost no guidance on how …             Concentrations of Radiocesium in Local Foods Collected in Kawauchi Village after the Accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station ▶     Makiko Orita, Kanami Nakashima, Naomi Hayashida et al.     We evaluated the current concentrations of radiocesium in local foods collected in Kawauchi Village, which is located less than 30 km from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power …             Molecular descriptor data explain market prices of a large commercial chemical compound library ▶     Jaroslaw Polanski, Urszula Kucia, Roksana Duszkiewicz et al.     The relationship between the structure and a property of a chemical compound is an essential concept in chemistry guiding, for example, drug design. Actually, however, we need …             Widespread ground motion distribution caused by rupture directivity during the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake ▶     Kazuki Koketsu, Hiroe Miyake, Yujia Guo et al.     The ground motion and damage caused by the 2015 Gorkha, Nepal earthquake can be characterized by their widespread distributions to the east. Evidence from strong ground motions, …             Quantitative Estimation of the Climatic Effects of Carbon Transferred by International Trade ▶     Ting Wei, Wenjie Dong, John Moore et al.     Carbon transfer via international trade affects the spatial pattern of global carbon emissions by redistributing emissions related to production of goods and services. It has …             Defining and quantifying the resilience of responses to disturbance: a conceptual and modelling approach from soil science ▶     L. C. Todman, F. C. Fraser, R. Corstanje et al.     There are several conceptual definitions of resilience pertaining to environmental systems and, even if resilience is clearly defined in a particular context, it is challenging …             Rapid, High-Resolution Forest Structure and Terrain Mapping over Large Areas using Single Photon Lidar ▶     Anu Swatantran, Hao Tang, Terence Barrett et al.     Single photon lidar (SPL) is an innovative technology for rapid forest structure and terrain characterization over large areas. Here, we evaluate data from an SPL instrument - …             Plastic-film mulching and urea types affect soil CO2 emissions and grain yield in spring maize on the Loess Plateau, China ▶     Qiaofei Liu, Yu Chen, Weiwei Li et al.     A 2-year field experiment was conducted on maize (Zea mays L.) to explore effective ways to decrease soil CO2 emissions and increase grain yield. Treatments established were: (1) …             Time-varying land subsidence detected by radar altimetry: California, Taiwan and north China ▶     Cheinway Hwang, Yuande Yang, Ricky Kao et al.     Contemporary applications of radar altimetry include sea-level rise, ocean circulation, marine gravity, and icesheet elevation change. Unlike InSAR and GNSS, which are widely …             The effects of nitrogen fertilization on N2O emissions from a rubber plantation ▶     Wen-Jun Zhou, Hong-li Ji, Jing Zhu et al.     To gain the effects of N fertilizer applications on N2O emissions and local climate change in fertilized rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantations in the tropics, we measured N2O …             Metal organic frameworks as sorption media for volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds at ambient conditions ▶     Kowsalya Vellingiri, Jan E. Szulejko, Pawan Kumar et al.     In this research, we investigated the sorptive behavior of a mixture of 14 volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (four aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, p-xylene, …             Removal of trace metal contaminants from potable water by electrocoagulation ▶     Joe Heffron, Matt Marhefke, Brooke K. Mayer     This study investigated the effects of four operational and environmental variables on the removal of trace metal contaminants from drinking water by electrocoagulation (EC). …             Record dry summer in 2015 challenges precipitation projections in Central Europe ▶     René Orth, Jakob Zscheischler, Sonia I. Seneviratne     Central Europe was characterized by a humid-temperate climate in the 20th century. Climate change projections suggest that climate in this area will shift towards warmer …             Real world ocean rogue waves explained without the modulational instability ▶     Francesco Fedele, Joseph Brennan, Sonia Ponce de León et al.     Since the 1990s, the modulational instability has commonly been used to explain the occurrence of rogue waves that appear from nowhere in the open ocean. However, the importance …             Rice Domestication Revealed by Reduced Shattering of Archaeological rice from the Lower Yangtze valley ▶     Yunfei Zheng, Gary W. Crawford, Leping Jiang et al.     Plant remains dating to between 9000 and 8400 BP from a probable ditch structure at the Huxi site include the oldest rice (Oryza sativa) spikelet bases and associated plant …             Roots of forbs sense climate fluctuations in the semi-arid Loess Plateau: Herb-chronology based analysis ▶     Songlin Shi, Zongshan Li, Hao Wang et al.     Growth of herbaceous plants responds sensitively and rapidly to climate variability. Yet, little is known regarding how climate warming influences the growth of herbaceous …             Mechanochemical conversion of brominated POPs into useful oxybromides: a greener approach ▶     Giovanni Cagnetta, Han Liu, Kunlun Zhang et al.     Brominated organic pollutants are considered of great concern for their adverse effect on human health and the environment, so an increasing number of such compounds are being …               Health Sciences ▲ top               The Effects of Serum ANGPTL8/betatrophin on the Risk of Developing the Metabolic Syndrome – A Prospective Study ▶     Haoyu Wang, Yaxin Lai, Cheng Han et al.     ANGPTL8/betatrophin is a recently discovered hormone, which mainly synthesized and secreted by liver and adipose tissue, playing a critical role in pancreatic beta cell …             New insights into salvianolic acid A action: Regulation of the TXNIP/NLRP3 and TXNIP/ChREBP pathways ameliorates HFD-induced NAFLD in rats ▶     Chunchun Ding, Yan Zhao, Xue Shi et al.     Salvianolic acid A (SalA), one of the most efficacious polyphenol compounds extracted from Radix Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), has been shown to possess many potential …             Corrigendum: Predicting postoperative vomiting among orthopedic patients receiving patient-controlled epidural analgesia using SVM and LR ▶     Hsin-Yun Wu, Cihun-Siyong Alex Gong, Shih-Pin Lin et al.                 Time-to-Progression of NSCLC from Early to Advanced Stages: An Analysis of data from SEER Registry and a Single Institute ▶     Ping Yuan, Jin Lin Cao, Azmat Rustam et al.     The average time required for cancers to progress through stages can be reflected in the average age of the patients diagnosed at each stage of disease. To estimate the time it …             Bone Marrow Is a Reservoir for Cardiac Resident Stem Cells ▶     Na Liu, Xin Qi, Zhibo Han et al.     Resident cardiac stem cells (CSCs) represent a responsive stem cell reservoir within the adult myocardium and have a significant function in myocardial homeostasis and injury. …             Hybrid-Actuating Macrophage-Based Microrobots for Active Cancer Therapy ▶     Jiwon Han, Jin Zhen, Van Du Nguyen et al.     Using macrophage recruitment in tumors, we develop active, transportable, cancer theragnostic macrophage-based microrobots as vector to deliver therapeutic agents to tumor …             Increased Endothelial Progenitor Cell Levels are Associated with Good Outcome in Intracerebral Hemorrhage ▶     Juan Pías-Peleteiro, María Pérez-Mato, Esteban López-Arias et al.     Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a role in the regeneration of damaged brain tissue. However, the relationship between circulating EPC levels and functional …             Mobile phone imaging and cloud-based analysis for standardized malaria detection and reporting ▶     Thomas F. Scherr, Sparsh Gupta, David W. Wright et al.     Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been widely deployed in low-resource settings. These tests are typically read by visual inspection, and accurate record keeping and data …             Risk of Band Keratopathy in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease ▶     Shih-Feng Weng, Ren-Long Jan, Chun Chang et al.     This study is a retrospective, nationwide, matched cohort study to investigate the risk of band keratopathy following end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The study cohort included …             A panel of free fatty acid ratios to predict the development of metabolic abnormalities in healthy obese individuals ▶     Linjing Zhao, Yan Ni, Xiaojing Ma et al.     Increasing evidences support that metabolically healthy obese (MHO) is a transient state. However, little is known about the early markers associated with the development of …             The insect repellent N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) induces angiogenesis via allosteric modulation of the M3 muscarinic receptor in endothelial cells ▶     Samuel Legeay, Nicolas Clere, Grégory Hilairet et al.     The insect repellent N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) has been reported to inhibit AChE (acetylcholinesterase) and to possess potential carcinogenic properties with excessive …             Neuroprotection mediated by inhibition of calpain during acute viral encephalitis ▶     Charles L. Howe, Reghann G. LaFrance-Corey, Kanish Mirchia et al.     Neurologic complications associated with viral encephalitis, including seizures and cognitive impairment, are a global health issue, especially in children. We previously showed …             The new and recurrent FLT3 juxtamembrane deletion mutation shows a dominant negative effect on the wild-type FLT3 receptor ▶     Nadine Sandhöfer, Julia Bauer, Katrin Reiter et al.     In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) is one of the most frequently mutated genes. Recently, a new and recurrent juxtamembrane deletion mutation …             Multiple sclerosis patients have a distinct gut microbiota compared to healthy controls ▶     Jun Chen, Nicholas Chia, Krishna R. Kalari et al.     Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease, the etiology of which involves both genetic and environmental factors. The exact nature of the environmental factors …             Encoding of mechanical nociception differs in the adult and infant brain ▶     Lorenzo Fabrizi, Madeleine Verriotis, Gemma Williams et al.     Newborn human infants display robust pain behaviour and specific cortical activity following noxious skin stimulation, but it is not known whether brain processing of nociceptive …             Focused ultrasound-enhanced intranasal brain delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor ▶     Hong Chen, Georgiana Zong Xin Yang, Hoheteberhan Getachew et al.     The objective of this study was to unveil the potential mechanism of focused ultrasound (FUS)-enhanced intranasal (IN) brain drug delivery and assess its feasibility in the …             Calcitonin attenuates cartilage degeneration and nociception in an experimental rat model of osteoarthritis: role of TGF-β in chondrocytes ▶     Zhi-Hong Wen, Chi-Chieh Tang, Yi-Chen Chang et al.     We investigated the role of the calcitonin (Miacalcin) in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) and in nociceptive behavior in an experimental rat model of OA and osteoporosis. …             Let-7i-5p represses brite adipocyte function in mice and humans ▶     Maude Giroud, Michael Karbiener, Didier F. Pisani et al.     In response to cold or β3-adrenoreceptor stimulation brown adipose tissue (BAT) promotes non-shivering thermogenesis, leading to energy dissipation. BAT has long been thought to …             Thiazine Red+ platelet inclusions in Cerebral Blood Vessels are first signs in an Alzheimer’s Disease mouse model ▶     Kathrin M. Kniewallner, Daniela Wenzel, Christian Humpel     Strong evidence shows an association between cerebral vascular diseases and Alzheimer´s disease (AD). In order to study the interaction of beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques with brain …             Dexras1 links glucocorticoids to insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling in adipogenesis ▶     Hyo Jung Kim, Jiyoung Y. Cha, Jo Woon Seok et al.     Glucocorticoids are associated with obesity, but the underlying mechanism by which they function remains poorly understood. Previously, we showed that small G protein Dexras1 is …             High Expression of RIOK2 and NOB1 Predict Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Outcomes ▶     Kun Liu, Hong-Lin Chen, Shuo Wang et al.     Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. However, there is a shortage of suitable diagnostic markers for early stages of …             Amber Light (590 nm) Induces the Breakdown of Lipid Droplets through Autophagy-Related Lysosomal Degradation in Differentiated Adipocytes ▶     Min Sik Choi, Hyoung-June Kim, Mira Ham et al.     Lipolysis in the adipocytes provides free fatty acids for other tissues in response to the energy demand. With the rapid increase in obesity-related diseases, finding novel …             A previously unrecognized role of C3a in proteinuric progressive nephropathy ▶     Marina Morigi, Monica Locatelli, Cinzia Rota et al.     Podocyte loss is the initial event in the development of glomerulosclerosis, the structural hallmark of progressive proteinuric nephropathies. Understanding mechanisms underlying …             N-terminal tetrapeptide T/SPLH motifs contribute to multimodal activation of human TRPA1 channel ▶     Anna Hynkova, Lenka Marsakova, Jana Vaskova et al.     Human transient receptor potential ankyrin channel 1 (TRPA1) is a polymodal sensor implicated in pain, inflammation and itching. An important locus for TRPA1 regulation is the …             Negative reciprocal regulation between Sirt1 and Per2 modulates the circadian clock and aging ▶     Rui-Hong Wang, Tingrui Zhao, Kairong Cui et al.     Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is involved in both aging and circadian-clock regulation, yet the link between the two processes in relation to SIRT1 function is not clear. Using Sirt1…             Zolpidem is a potent stoichiometry-selective modulator of α1β3 GABAA receptors: evidence of a novel benzodiazepine site in the α1-α1 interface ▶     Ahmad Tarmizi Che Has, Nathan Absalom, Petra S. van Nieuwenhuijzen et al.     Zolpidem is not a typical GABAA receptor hypnotic. Unlike benzodiazepines, zolpidem modulates tonic GABA currents in the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, exhibits residual …             The role of environmental constraints in walking: Effects of steering and sharp turns on gait dynamics ▶     Dobromir G. Dotov, Benoît G. Bardy, Simone Dalla Bella     Stride durations in gait exhibit long-range correlation (LRC) which tends to disappear with certain movement disorders. The loss of LRC has been hypothesized to result from a …             Corrigendum: Inhibition of NF-κB by deoxycholic acid induces miR-21/PDCD4-dependent hepatocellular apoptosis ▶     Pedro M. Rodrigues, Marta B. Afonso, André L. Simão et al.                 iTRAQ-Based Proteomics Screen identifies LIPOCALIN-2 (LCN-2) as a potential biomarker for colonic lateral-spreading tumors ▶     Xianfei Wang, Aimin Li, Yubin Guo et al.     The improvement and implementation of a colonoscopy technique has led to increased detection of laterally spreading tumors (LSTs), which are presumed to constitute an aggressive …             Increased CXCR3 Expression of Infiltrating Plasma Cells in Hunner Type Interstitial Cystitis ▶     Yoshiyuki Akiyama, Teppei Morikawa, Daichi Maeda et al.     An up-regulated CXCR3 pathway and affluent plasma cell infiltration are characteristic features of Hunner type interstitial cystitis (HIC). We further examined these two features …             Evolution of 2009 H1N1 influenza viruses during the pandemic correlates with increased viral pathogenicity and transmissibility in the ferret model ▶     Anna Otte, Anthony C. Marriott, Carola Dreier et al.     There is increasing evidence that 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza viruses have evolved after pandemic onset giving rise to severe epidemics in subsequent waves. However, it still …             Maximal mid-expiratory flow is a surrogate marker of lung clearance index for assessment of adults with bronchiectasis ▶     Wei-jie Guan, Jing-jing Yuan, Yong-hua Gao et al.     Little is known about the comparative diagnostic value of lung clearance index (LCI) and maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) in bronchiectasis. We compared the diagnostic …             An engineered tale-transcription factor rescues transcription of factor VII impaired by promoter mutations and enhances its endogenous expression in hepatocytes ▶     Elena Barbon, Silvia Pignani, Alessio Branchini et al.     Tailored approaches to restore defective transcription responsible for severe diseases have been poorly explored. We tested transcription activator-like effectors fused to an …             Corrigendum: Recurrent hormone-binding domain truncated ESR1 amplifications in primary endometrial cancers suggest their implication in hormone independent growth ▶     Frederik Holst, Erling A. Hoivik, William J. Gibson et al.                 Precision Modulation of Neurodegenerative Disease-Related Gene Expression in Human iPSC-Derived Neurons ▶     Sabrina Mahalia Heman-Ackah, Andrew Roger Bassett, Matthew John Andrew Wood     The ability to reprogram adult somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and the subsequent development of protocols for their differentiation into …             Polyester type polyHIPE scaffolds with an interconnected porous structure for cartilage regeneration ▶     Jakob Naranda, Maja Sušec, Uroš Maver et al.     Development of artificial materials for the facilitation of cartilage regeneration remains an important challenge in orthopedic practice. Our study investigates the potential for …             Genetic polymorphisms of IL-17A, IL-17F, TLR4 and miR-146a in association with the risk of pulmonary tuberculosis ▶     Min Wang, Guisheng Xu, Lingshuang Lü et al.     Genetic factors affect host susceptibility to pathogens. In this population-based case control study, we explored the genetic polymorphisms of IL-17, TLR4 and miR-146a in …             The association between polyomavirus BK strains and BKV viruria in liver transplant recipients ▶     Robert Y. L. Wang, Yi-Jung Li, Wei-Chen Lee et al.     BK virus (BKV) is a polyomavirus that cause of allograft dysfunction among kidney transplant recipients. The role of BKV infection in non-renal solid organ transplant recipients …             Mendelian Randomisation study of the influence of eGFR on coronary heart disease ▶     Pimphen Charoen, Dorothea Nitsch, Jorgen Engmann et al.     Impaired kidney function, as measured by reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), has been associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in …             Transcriptome sequencing uncovers a three–long noncoding RNA signature in predicting breast cancer survival ▶     Wenna Guo, Qiang Wang, Yueping Zhan et al.     Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in tumorigenesis. The aim of this study is to identify lncRNA signature that can predict breast cancer patient survival. RNA …             Spatiotemporal Co-existence of Female Thyroid and Breast Cancers in Hangzhou, China ▶     Xufeng Fei, George Christakos, Zhaohan Lou et al.     Thyroid and breast cancers (TC, BC) are common female malignant tumors worldwide. Studies suggest that TC patients have a higher BC risk, and vice versa. However, it has not been …             HTRA1 promoter variant differentiates polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy from exudative age-related macular degeneration ▶     Tsz Kin Ng, Xiao Ying Liang, Timothy Y. Y. Lai et al.     Exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) share similar abnormal choroidal vasculature, but responses to treatments are …             The anti-angiogenic effect and novel mechanisms of action of Combretastatin A-4 ▶     Min Su, Jingjia Huang, Suyou Liu et al.     Combretastatin A-4 (CA4) is the lead compound of a relatively new class of vascular disrupting agents that target existing tumor blood vessels. Recent studies showed the CA4 …             De novo intrachromosomal gene conversion from OPN1MW to OPN1LW in the male germline results in Blue Cone Monochromacy ▶     Elena Buena-Atienza, Klaus Rüther, Britta Baumann et al.     X-linked cone dysfunction disorders such as Blue Cone Monochromacy and X-linked Cone Dystrophy are characterized by complete loss (of) or reduced L- and M- cone function due to …             XBP1 splicing triggers miR-150 transfer from smooth muscle cells to endothelial cells via extracellular vesicles ▶     Yue Zhao, Yi Li, Peiyi Luo et al.     The interaction between endothelial cells (ECs) and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) plays a critical role in the maintenance of vessel wall homeostasis. The X-box binding protein 1 …             Association between retinal hemorrhagic pattern and macular perfusion status in eyes with acute branch retinal vein occlusion ▶     Yuki Muraoka, Akihito Uji, Akitaka Tsujikawa et al.     This prospective study included 63 eyes with acute branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) to evaluate the retinal hemorrhagic patterns at the posterior poles and explore their …             Evaluation of right adrenal vein anatomy by Dyna computed tomography in patients with primary aldosteronism ▶     Bo-Ching Lee, Chin-Chen Chang, Kao-Lang Liu et al.     Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension and consists up to 11% of patients with hypertension. Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is the …             Prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of congenital cataract: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Xiaohang Wu, Erping Long, Haotian Lin et al.     Congenital cataract (CC) is the primary cause of treatable childhood blindness worldwide. The establishment of reliable, epidemiological estimates is an essential first step …             Pathway Analyses Identify Novel Variants in the WNT Signaling Pathway Associated with Tuberculosis in Chinese Population ▶     Xuejiao Hu, Juan Zhou, Xuerong Chen et al.     Tuberculosis remains a global public health problem, and its immunopathogenesis is still poorly understood. In this study, 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the WNT …             Foetal hepatic progenitor cells assume a cholangiocytic cell phenotype during two-dimensional pre-culture ▶     Kazuya Anzai, Hiromi Chikada, Kota Tsuruya et al.     Liver consists of parenchymal hepatocytes and other cells. Liver progenitor cell (LPC) is the origin of both hepatocytes and cholangiocytic cells. The analyses of mechanism …             Metformin and gefitinib cooperate to inhibit bladder cancer growth via both AMPK and EGFR pathways joining at Akt and Erk ▶     Mei Peng, Yanjun Huang, Ting Tao et al.     EGFR is a potential therapeutic target for treating bladder cancer, but has not been approved for clinical use yet. Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic drug and has …             Transient cerebral hypoperfusion and hypertensive events during atrial fibrillation: a plausible mechanism for cognitive impairment ▶     Matteo Anselmino, Stefania Scarsoglio, Andrea Saglietto et al.     Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of dementia and cognitive decline, independent of strokes. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this …             7-dehydrocholesterol efficiently supports Ret signaling in a mouse model of Smith-Opitz-Lemli syndrome ▶     Myriam Gou-Fàbregas, Anna Macià, Carlos Anerillas et al.     Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a rare disorder of cholesterol synthesis. Affected individuals exhibit growth failure, intellectual disability and a broad spectrum of …             Prognostic Value of EMT-inducing Transcription Factors (EMT-TFs) in Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis ▶     Saber Imani, Hossein Hosseinifard, Jingliang Cheng et al.     The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a vital control point in metastatic breast cancer (MBC). TWIST1, SNAIL1, SLUG, and ZEB1, as key EMT-inducing transcription …             Health Benefits from Nature Experiences Depend on Dose ▶     Danielle F. Shanahan, Robert Bush, Kevin J. Gaston et al.     Nature within cities will have a central role in helping address key global public health challenges associated with urbanization. However, there is almost no guidance on how …             A novel mechanism for direct real-time polymerase chain reaction that does not require DNA isolation from prokaryotic cells ▶     Takashi Soejima, Jin-zhong Xiao, Fumiaki Abe     Typically, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is performed after DNA isolation. Real-time PCR (qPCR), also known as direct qPCR in mammalian cells with weak membranes, is a common …             Concentrations of Radiocesium in Local Foods Collected in Kawauchi Village after the Accident at the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Station ▶     Makiko Orita, Kanami Nakashima, Naomi Hayashida et al.     We evaluated the current concentrations of radiocesium in local foods collected in Kawauchi Village, which is located less than 30 km from Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power …             The role of inflammatory cytokines and ERK1/2 signaling in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome with related mental health disorders ▶     Chao Hu, Hualan Yang, Yanfang Zhao et al.     Mental health disorders(MHD) in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) have been widely studied. However, the underlying role of inflammatory cytokines and …             Cytochrome P450 metabolism of the post-lanosterol intermediates explains enigmas of cholesterol synthesis ▶     Jure Ačimovič, Sandeep Goyal, Rok Košir et al.     Cholesterol synthesis is among the oldest metabolic pathways, consisting of the Bloch and Kandutch-Russell branches. Following lanosterol, sterols of both branches are proposed …             Genetic and environmental influences on height from infancy to early adulthood: An individual-based pooled analysis of 45 twin cohorts ▶     Aline Jelenkovic, Reijo Sund, Yoon-Mi Hur et al.     Height variation is known to be determined by both genetic and environmental factors, but a systematic description of how their influences differ by sex, age and global regions …             β-Aminopropionitrile monofumarate induces thoracic aortic dissection in C57BL/6 mice ▶     Weihong Ren, Yan Liu, Xuerui Wang et al.     Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a catastrophic disease with high mortality and morbidity, characterized by fragmentation of elastin and loss of smooth muscle cells. However, …             Evolutionary features of thyroid cancer in patients with thyroidectomies from 2008 to 2013 in China ▶     Xiaoyun Liu, Lijun Zhu, Zhixiao Wang et al.     To evaluate the characteristics of thyroid carcinoma over time, we carried out a retrospective study to illustrate the evolutionary features of thyroid carcinoma. All records of …             Effects of local delivery of BMP2, zoledronate and their combination on bone microarchitecture, biomechanics and bone turnover in osteoporotic rabbits ▶     Da Jing, Xuguang Hao, Fang Xu et al.     The hip fracture is one major clinical challenge associated with osteoporosis, resulting in heavy socioeconomic burdens and high mortality. Systemic therapies of …             Chinese Eye Exercises and Myopia Development in School Age Children: A Nested Case-control Study ▶     Meng-Tian Kang, Shi-Ming Li, Xiaoxia Peng et al.     Chinese eye exercises have been implemented in China as an intervention for controlling children’s myopia for over 50 years. This nested case-control study investigated Chinese …             MK2 inhibitor reduces alkali burn-induced inflammation in rat cornea ▶     Yanfeng Chen, Wenzhao Yang, Xiaobo Zhang et al.     MK2 activation by p38 MAPK selectively induces inflammation in various diseases. We determined if a MK2 inhibitor (MK2i), improves cornea wound healing by inhibiting inflammation …             Adipocyte-specific CD1d-deficiency mitigates diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice ▶     Masashi Satoh, Miyuki Hoshino, Koki Fujita et al.     It has been shown that CD1d expression and glycolipid-reactive, CD1d-restricted NKT cells exacerbate the development of obesity and insulin resistance in mice. However, the …             Prevention and Treatment of Lower Limb Deep Vein Thrombosis after Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation: Results of a Prospective active controlled Study ▶     Lan Li, Bao-jian Zhang, Bao-ku Zhang et al.     We conducted a prospective, single-center, active controlled study from July 2013 to January 2015, in Chinese patients with rapid ventricular arrhythmia who had received …             Accelerated age-related olfactory decline among type 1 Usher patients ▶     João Carlos Ribeiro, Bárbara Oliveiros, Paulo Pereira et al.     Usher Syndrome (USH) is a rare disease with hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa and, sometimes, vestibular dysfunction. A phenotype heterogeneity is reported. Recent evidence …             Fibroblasts of Machado Joseph Disease patients reveal autophagy impairment ▶     Isabel Onofre, Nuno Mendonça, Sara Lopes et al.     Machado Joseph Disease (MJD) is the most frequent autosomal dominantly inherited cerebellar ataxia caused by the over-repetition of a CAG trinucleotide in the ATXN3 gene. This …             Stroke in Traditional Korean Medicine: A Nine-Year Multicentre Community-Based Study in South Korea ▶     Mi Mi Ko, Ju Ah Lee, Min Ho Cha et al.     In Korea, patients with stroke are commonly treated using traditional Korean medicine (TKM). The aim of this study was to provide information on the clinical characteristics of …             A Fuzzy Permutation Method for False Discovery Rate Control ▶     Ya-Hui Yang, Wan-Yu Lin, Wen-Chung Lee     Biomedical researchers often encounter the large-p-small-n situations—a great number of variables are measured/recorded for only a few subjects. The authors propose a fuzzy …             Ketoacidosis at first presentation of type 1 diabetes mellitus among children: a study from Kuwait ▶     Azza Aly Shaltout, Arshad Mohamed Channanath, Thangavel Alphonse Thanaraj et al.     We examined the frequency and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in 679 children and adolescents (0–14 years) at diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) in Kuwait. …             Evaluation of the inhibition potential of plumbagin against cytochrome P450 using LC-MS/MS and cocktail approach ▶     Ang Chen, Xiaojing Zhou, Shuowen Tang et al.     Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone), a natural naphthoquinone compound isolated from roots of Plumbago zeylanica L., has drawn a lot of attention for its plenty of …             The Incidence of Senile Cataract and Glaucoma is Increased in Patients with Plasma Cell Dyscrasias: Etiologic Implications ▶     Kari Hemminki, Asta Försti, Raimo Tuuminen et al.     Plasma cell dyscrasias, including monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), multiple myeloma (MM), Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) and light chain AL …             Prenatal programming: adverse cardiac programming by gestational testosterone excess ▶     Arpita K. Vyas, Vanessa Hoang, Vasantha Padmanabhan et al.     Adverse events during the prenatal and early postnatal period of life are associated with development of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Prenatal exposure to excess …             Neil3-dependent base excision repair regulates lipid metabolism and prevents atherosclerosis in Apoe-deficient mice ▶     Tonje Skarpengland, Sverre Holm, Katja Scheffler et al.     Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative DNA damage accumulates in atherosclerosis. Recently, we showed that a genetic variant in the human DNA repair enzyme NEIL3 was …             IL-6 mediates differentiation disorder during spermatogenesis in obesity-associated inflammation by affecting the expression of Zfp637 through the SOCS3/STAT3 pathway ▶     Guizhen Huang, Miao Yuan, Jie Zhang et al.     Zfp637 is a recently identified zinc finger protein, and its functions remain largely unknown. Here, we innovatively demonstrate the effects of Zfp637 on the differentiation of …             Serum Uric Acid Levels were Dynamically Coupled with Hemoglobin A1c in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes ▶     Fengjiang Wei, Baocheng Chang, Xilin Yang et al.     The aim of the study was to decipher the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in both type 2 diabetes …             Irradiation enhances susceptibility of tumor cells to the antitumor effects of TNF-α activated adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells in breast cancer model ▶     Hemn Mohammadpour, Ali Akbar Pourfathollah, Mahin Nikougoftar Zarif et al.     Gene modified or cytokine activated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used as a treatment in various types of cancer. Moreover, irradiation is usually applied as either a …             Genome-wide identification of microRNA-related variants associated with risk of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Mohsen Ghanbari, M. Arfan Ikram, Hans W. J. de Looper et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Genetic variation in miRNAs and miRNA-binding sites may affect miRNA function and contribute …             Taxonomy, diversity, temporal and geographical distribution of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Colombia: A retrospective study ▶     Juan David Ramírez, Carolina Hernández, Cielo M. León et al.     Leishmaniases are tropical zoonotic diseases, caused by kinetoplastid parasites from the genus Leishmania. New World (NW) species are related to sylvatic cycles although …             Genomic amplification of the caprine EDNRA locus might lead to a dose dependent loss of pigmentation ▶     Fiona Menzi, Irene Keller, Irene Reber et al.     The South African Boer goat displays a characteristic white spotting phenotype, in which the pigment is limited to the head. Exploiting the existing phenotype variation within …             Tumor growth affects the metabonomic phenotypes of multiple mouse non-involved organs in an A549 lung cancer xenograft model ▶     Shan Xu, Yuan Tian, Yili Hu et al.     The effects of tumorigenesis and tumor growth on the non-involved organs remain poorly understood although many research efforts have already been made for understanding the …             Serum GDF-8 levels change dynamically during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET ▶     Lanlan Fang, Yiping Yu, Ruizhe Zhang et al.     Growth differentiation factor-8 (GDF-8) is found in the human serum, follicular fluid and granulosa cells. Our previous studies have shown that the human cumulus expansion and …             Identification of Tissue-Specific Protein-Coding and Noncoding Transcripts across 14 Human Tissues Using RNA-seq ▶     Jinhang Zhu, Geng Chen, Sibo Zhu et al.     Many diseases and adverse drug reactions exhibit tissue specificity. To better understand the tissue-specific expression characteristics of transcripts in different human …             Effect of Transition Metal Ions on the B Ring Oxidation of Sterols and their Kinetics in Oil-in-Water Emulsions ▶     Baiyi Lu, Yinzhou Hu, Weisu Huang et al.     This study investigated the effect of metal ions on the oxidation of sterols and their kinetics in oil-in-water emulsions. Sterol substrates were added with different metal ions …             Trehalose, sucrose and raffinose are novel activators of autophagy in human keratinocytes through an mTOR-independent pathway ▶     Xu Chen, Min Li, Li Li et al.     Trehalose is a natural disaccharide that is found in a diverse range of organisms but not in mammals. Autophagy is a process which mediates the sequestration, lysosomal delivery …             R-spondin 2 promotes acetylcholine receptor clustering at the neuromuscular junction via Lgr5 ▶     Hiroaki Nakashima, Bisei Ohkawara, Shinsuke Ishigaki et al.     At the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering is mediated by spinal motor neuron (SMN)-derived agrin and its receptors on the muscle, the …             Nesfatin-1-Like Peptide Encoded in Nucleobindin-1 in Goldfish is a Novel Anorexigen Modulated by Sex Steroids, Macronutrients and Daily Rhythm ▶     Lakshminarasimhan Sundarrajan, Ayelén Melisa Blanco, Juan Ignacio Bertucci et al.     Nesfatin-1 is an 82 amino acid anorexigen encoded in a secreted precursor nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2). NUCB2 was named so due to its high sequence similarity with nucleobindin-1 (NUC…             The Prefrontal Dectin-1/AMPA Receptor Signaling Pathway Mediates The Robust and Prolonged Antidepressant Effect of Proteo-β-Glucan from Maitake ▶     Hongkun Bao, Pengzhan Ran, Ming Zhu et al.     Proteo-β-glucan from Maitake (PGM) is a strong immune regulator, and its receptor is called Dectin-1. Cumulative evidence suggests that AMPA receptors are important for the …             Optimal pathological response indicated better long-term outcome among patients with stage IB2 to IIB cervical cancer submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy ▶     Kecheng Huang, Haiying Sun, Zhilan Chen et al.     The role of pathological response in long-term outcome is still unclear in cervical cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in China. This study aimed to …             Body surface area formulae: an alarming ambiguity ▶     Grzegorz Redlarski, Aleksander Palkowski, Marek Krawczuk     Body surface area (BSA) plays a key role in several medical fields, including cancer chemotherapy, transplantology, burn treatment and toxicology. BSA is often a major factor in …             Transcriptional repression of SIRT1 by protein inhibitor of activated STAT 4 (PIAS4) in hepatic stellate cells contributes to liver fibrosis ▶     Lina Sun, Zhiwen Fan, Junliang Chen et al.     Interstitial fibrosis represents a key pathological process in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In the liver, fibrogenesis is primarily mediated by activated hepatic …             Increased Cumulative Incidence of Dermatomyositis in Ulcerative Colitis: a Nationwide Cohort Study ▶     Chia-Chun Tseng, Shun-Jen Chang, Wei-Ting Liao et al.     On a molecular level, two autoimmune diseases: ulcerative colitis (UC) and dermatomyositis share common genetic determinants. On a clinical level, case reports evidenced the …             Surgery Combined with Radiotherapy Improved Survival in Metastatic Esophageal Cancer in a Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Population-based Study ▶     San-Gang Wu, Wei-Hao Xie, Zhao-Qiang Zhang et al.     This retrospective study used a population-based national registry to determine the impact of local treatment modalities on survival in patients with metastatic esophageal cancer …             Melamine Impairs Renal and Vascular Function in Rats ▶     Xiao Yu Tian, Wing Tak Wong, Chi Wai Lau et al.     Melamine incident, linked to nephrotoxicity and kidney stone in infants previously exposed to melamine-contaminated milk products, was unprecedentedly grave in China in 2008 as …             Fluorescent protein-based detection of unconjugated bilirubin in newborn serum ▶     Sota Iwatani, Hajime Nakamura, Daisuke Kurokawa et al.     Increased serum levels of unconjugated bilirubin are associated with the development of brain damage in newborns. In current clinical settings, there are no methods for directly …             Factors Affecting the Agreement Between Emergency Psychiatrists and General Practitioners Regarding Involuntary Psychiatric Hospitalizations ▶     Pierre Alexis Geoffroy, Alain Duhamel, Hélène Behal et al.     Important discrepancies exist between physicians in deciding when to perform involuntary hospitalization measures (IHMs). The factors underlying these differences are poorly …             Circulating miRNAs are generic and versatile therapeutic monitoring biomarkers in muscular dystrophies ▶     David Israeli, Jérôme Poupiot, Fatima Amor et al.     The development of medical approaches requires preclinical and clinical trials for assessment of therapeutic efficacy. Such evaluation entails the use of biomarkers, which …             Mortality among People Living with HIV and AIDS in China: Implications for Enhancing Linkage ▶     Meng Li, Weiming Tang, Kai Bu et al.     To assess the patterns and predictors of AIDS-related mortality and identify its correlates among adult people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in China, a retrospective record-based …             Porous Tantalum Implant in Treating Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Still a Viable Option? ▶     Jinhui Ma, Wei Sun, Fuqiang Gao et al.     The purpose of this study is to evaluate the survivorship and risk factors for radiographic progression and conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA) after porous tantalum …             Enhanced Ghrelin Levels and Hypothalamic Orexigenic AgRP and NPY Neuropeptide Expression in Models of Jejuno-Colonic Short Bowel Syndrome ▶     Laura Gillard, Lore Billiauws, Bogdan Stan-Iuga et al.     Short bowel syndrome (SBS) patients developing hyperphagia have a better outcome. Gastrointestinal endocrine adaptations help to improve intestinal functions and food behaviour. …             Heart rhythm complexity impairment in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis ▶     Yen-Hung Lin, Chen Lin, Yi-Heng Ho et al.     Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death in patients with advanced renal disease. The objective of this study was to investigate impairments in heart rhythm …             Altered multisensory temporal integration in obesity ▶     Federica Scarpina, Daniele Migliorati, Paolo Marzullo et al.     Eating is a multisensory behavior. The act of placing food in the mouth provides us with a variety of sensory information, including gustatory, olfactory, somatosensory, visual, …             Protection against doxorubicin-induced myocardial dysfunction in mice by cardiac-specific expression of carboxyl terminus of hsp70-interacting protein ▶     Lei Wang, Tian-Peng Zhang, Yuan Zhang et al.     Carboxyl terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a critical ubiquitin ligase/cochaperone to reduce cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and …             Characterization of the microbiome of nipple aspirate fluid of breast cancer survivors ▶     Alfred A. Chan, Mina Bashir, Magali N. Rivas et al.     The microbiome impacts human health and disease. Until recently, human breast tissue and milk were presumed to be sterile. Here, we investigated the presence of microbes in the …             Water-soluble benzylidene cyclopentanone based photosensitizers for in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial photodynamic therapy ▶     Yanyan Fang, Tianlong Liu, Qianli Zou et al.     Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has been proposed to cope with the increasing antibiotic resistance among pathogens. As versatile pharmacophores, benzylidene …             Anti-obesity effect of intranasal administration of galanin-like peptide (GALP) in obese mice ▶     Haruaki Kageyama, Kanako Shiba, Satoshi Hirako et al.     Galanin-like peptide (GALP) has an anti-obesity effect in rats and mice. It has been reported that the uptake of GALP by the brain is higher after intranasal administration than …             Association between the ambient temperature and the occurrence of human Salmonella and Campylobacter infections ▶     Josef Yun, Matthias Greiner, Christiane Höller et al.     Salmonella spp. and thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. are the most important causes of human bacterial diarrheal infections worldwide. These bacterial species are influenced by …             Prognostic value of decreased expression of RBM4 in human gastric cancer ▶     Hongmei Yong, Huijun Zhu, Shu Zhang et al.     RNA-binding motif 4 (RBM4) is a multifunctional protein that participates in regulating alternative splicing and mRNA translation. Its reduced expression has been associated with …             Circulating follicular T helper cells and cytokine profile in humans following vaccination with the rVSV-ZEBOV Ebola vaccine ▶     Fouzia Farooq, Kevin Beck, Kristopher M. Paolino et al.     The most recent Zaire Ebolavirus (ZEBOV) outbreak was the largest and most widespread in recorded history, emphasizing the need for an effective vaccine. Here, we analyzed human …             The embryological basis of subclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ▶     Gabriella Captur, Carolyn Y. Ho, Saskia Schlossarek et al.     Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is caused by mutations in sarcomeric proteins, the commonest being MYBPC3 encoding myosin-binding protein C. It is characterised by left …             High salt promotes autoimmunity by TET2-induced DNA demethylation and driving the differentiation of Tfh cells ▶     Haijing Wu, Xin Huang, Hong Qiu et al.     Follicular helper T cells (Tfh) have been well documented to play a critical role in autoimmunity, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), by helping B cells. In this study, …             The use of platelet-rich fibrin combined with periodontal ligament and jaw bone mesenchymal stem cell sheets for periodontal tissue engineering ▶     Zhong-Shan Wang, Zhi-Hong Feng, Guo-Feng Wu et al.     Periodontal regeneration involves the restoration of at least three unique tissues: cementum, periodontal ligament tissue (PDL) and alveolar bone tissue. Here, we first isolated …             Multimodal Correlative Preclinical Whole Body Imaging and Segmentation ▶     Ayelet Akselrod-Ballin, Hagit Dafni, Yoseph Addadi et al.     Segmentation of anatomical structures and particularly abdominal organs is a fundamental problem for quantitative image analysis in preclinical research. 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