Nature Reviews Microbiology contents August 2016 Volume 14 Number 8 pp 473-542

TABLE OF CONTENTS
August 2016 Volume 14 Number 8
Impact Factor 24.727 *	In this issue Research Highlights News and Analysis Reviews Perspectives Also this month Article series: Vector-borne diseases Microbiome  Featured article: Plasmodium species: master renovators of their host cells Tania F. de Koning-Ward, Matthew W.A. Dixon, Leann Tilley & Paul R. Gilson
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Bacterial toxins: An antidote to persistence p473 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.96 Persister formation by S. Typhimurium involves the acetylation of aminoacyl-tRNAs by the toxin-antitoxin module toxin TacT, which can be reversed by an antitoxin-independent mechanism that enables S. Typhimurium to resume growth. PDF Bacterial pathogenesis: Mycobacteria that are long in the tooth p474 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.106 Cell length and cell age are important factors associated with mycobacterial tolerance to rifampicin. PDF Host response: Keeping microbial metabolites at bay p474 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.95 This study shows that the bacterial metabolite butyrate potently suppresses the proliferation of stem cells and that the intestinal crypt architecture protects stem cells and progenitor cells through a metabolic barrier that is formed by colonocytes that metabolize butyrate. PDF Viral infection: The sting is in the phage's tail p476 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.97 Bacteriophage φ29 has a uses the gp9 protein at the end of its tail tip to form a pore in the bacterial cell membrane, through which the viral DNA can enter the host cell. PDF Viral infection: Changing sides to get in p476 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.98 Virions acquire receptor-binding competence by a slow maturation process that involves the translocation of a receptor-binding domain across the membranous viral envelope to avoid non-productive attachment to non-hepatocytes. PDF IN BRIEF Viral pathogenesis: Taking a bite | Bacterial physiology: Recognizing yourself | Bacterial pathogenesis: Yersinia RNA feels the heat | Bacterial physiology: Cell stiffness beyond the wall | Microbial ecology: Broad-spectrum anti-CRISPRs PDF
NEWS AND ANALYSIS		Top
GENOME WATCH Unravelling the Laverania William R. Proto p478 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.109 How did a gorilla-infecting Plasmodium species jump to a human host? PDF
REVIEWS		Top
Influenza virus RNA polymerase: insights into the mechanisms of viral RNA synthesis Aartjan J. W. te Velthuis & Ervin Fodor p479 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.87 In this Review, te Velthuis and Fodor detail the recently obtained high-resolution structures of the influenza virus RNA polymerase and the insights that have been gained into the mechanisms of viral transcription and replication. They also discuss how these structural data could help to identify novel antiviral targets. Abstract | Full Text | PDF | Supplementary information
Article series: Vector-borne diseases Plasmodium species: master renovators of their host cells Tania F. de Koning-Ward, Matthew W.A. Dixon, Leann Tilley & Paul R. Gilson p494 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.79 Plasmodium parasites alter the physiology and morphology of erythrocytes by exporting hundreds of proteins into the host cell. In this Review, de Koning-Ward et al. discuss how these parasites use distinct protein trafficking motifs, protease-mediated polypeptide processing, a novel translocon and membranous structures to induce host cell remodelling and promote their own survival. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Article series: Microbiome Metagenome-wide association studies: fine-mining the microbiome Jun Wang & Huijue Jia p508 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.83 Metagenome-wide association studies (MWAS) are designed to detect associations between the human microbiome and disease. In this Review, Jia and Wang describe the principal findings of MWAS of human diseases, and consider how these findings might be integrated into medical research and practice. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses Emmie de Wit, Neeltje van Doremalen, Darryl Falzarano & Vincent J. Munster p523 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81 Insights into coronavirus emergence, replication and pathogenesis gained from the SARS and MERS outbreaks have guided the development of preventive and therapeutic measures. In this Review, Munster and colleagues highlight recent achievements and areas that need to be addressed to combat novel coronaviruses. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION Sporulation, bacterial cell envelopes and the origin of life Elitza I. Tocheva, Davi R. Ortega & Grant J. Jensen p535 | doi:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.85 The evolution of monoderm and diderm cell envelopes, and thus of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, is a long-standing question. In this Opinion article, Tocheva, Ortega and Jensen propose, based on recent electron cryotomography data, a new model that places sporulation at the heart of bacterial evolution. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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*2015 Journal Citation Report (Thomson Reuters, 2016)

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