Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology contents August 2016 Volume 17 Number 8 pp 461-532

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
August 2016 Volume 17 Number 8
Impact Factor 38.602 *	In this issue Research Highlights Reviews Perspectives Also this month  Featured article: Chaperoning SNARE assembly and disassembly Richard W. Baker & Frederick M. Hughson
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RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS Top Cancer biology: The dark side of p21 p461 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.90 Whereas activation of p21 by p53 causes G1 cell cycle arrest, p53-independent expression of p21 can cause deregulation of DNA replication and genomic instability. PDF Protein translocation: Channelling the route for ER misfolded proteins p462 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.92 Hrd1 may form a channel regulated by autoubiquitylation that has a major role in translocating misfolded proteins from the ER lumen to the cytoplasm for subsequent degradation. PDF Chromosome biology: Keeping chromosomes apart p462 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.95 The proliferation marker Ki67 acts like a biological surfactant to keep mitotic chromosomes separate in the cytoplasm. PDF Metabolism: MAD interactions with insulin receptor p462 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.97 Proteins of the mitotic checkpoint regulate insulin receptor internalization through clathrin-mediated endocytosis, thereby modulating insulin signalling and systemic glucose metabolism. PDF JOURNAL CLUB DNA replication and beyond p464 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.89 It turns out that Meselson and Stahl were not the first to show that DNA replicates semi-conservatively. The preceding experiment was almost forgotten, partly because it showed something incredible. PDF Development: Eliminating paternal mitochondria p464 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.99 The endonuclease CPS-6 mediates the degradation of paternal mitochondrial DNA and promotes paternal mitochondrial elimination through autophagy in Caenorhabditis elegans. PDF IN BRIEF Gene expression: Promoters as spiked enhancers | Nuclear organization: Building nuclear bodies with RNA | Quality control: Triaging mitochondrial membrane proteins PDF Molecular Cell Biology JOBS of the week Professor in Molecular Cell Biology of Cancer University of Gothenburg, Institute of Biomedicine More Science jobs from
REVIEWS		Top
Chaperoning SNARE assembly and disassembly Richard W. Baker & Frederick M. Hughson p465 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.65 Recent structural, biochemical and single-molecule biophysical studies have elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying the control of SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor) complex assembly and disassembly by chaperones. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Transcriptional and epigenetic control of brown and beige adipose cell fate and function Takeshi Inagaki, Juro Sakai & Shingo Kajimura p480 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.62 Embryonic, brown adipocytes, together with beige, brown-like adipocytes induced in white fat depots in response to various stimuli, constitute specialized heat-producing fat cells that contribute to organismal energy expenditure. Important insights have now been gained into the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of biogenesis and thermogenesis of these cells, opening up new possibilities for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Regulating Rho GTPases and their regulators Richard G. Hodge & Anne J. Ridley p496 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.67 Rho GTPases, which cycle between a GTP-bound active form and a GDP-bound inactive form, regulate cytoskeletal and cell adhesion dynamics and thus are crucial for the coordination of cell migration, cell polarity and cell cycle progression. Rho GTPases and their regulators (GEFs, GAPs and GDIs) are also regulated by post-translational modifications and the formation of regulatory complexes to ensure precise spatiotemporal Rho GTPase activation. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
Coupling changes in cell shape to chromosome segregation Nitya Ramkumar & Buzz Baum p511 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.75 When animal cells divide, they undergo dramatic changes in shape, polarity and mechanical properties. At mitotic entry, the remodelling of cortical actomyosin and cell-substrate adhesions, combined with osmotic swelling enable cell rounding, which is then reversed as cells exit mitosis. We now have a better understanding of the regulation of such shape changes and how they contribute to accurate segregation of chromosomes and other cellular components. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
PERSPECTIVES		Top
OPINION Introducing STRaNDs: shuttling transcriptional regulators that are non-DNA binding Min Lu, Mary R. Muers & Xin Lu p523 | doi:10.1038/nrm.2016.41 Many proteins that canonically function in the cytosol can also localize to the nucleus. The authors propose that a distinct group of such proteins (which they name STRaNDs) engage in a particular mode of signal transduction, whereby in response to extracellular cues, the cytosolic protein transits to the nucleus and regulates gene expression without direct DNA binding. Abstract | Full Text | PDF
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