Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 5 July 2016

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05 July 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Biological Sciences               Corrigendum: The changing shape of vaccination: improving immune responses through geometrical variations of a microdevice for immunization ▶     Michael Lawrence Crichton, David Alexander Muller, Alexandra Christina Isabelle Depelsenaire et al.                 Observations of movement dynamics of flying insects using high resolution lidar ▶     Carsten Kirkeby, Maren Wellenreuther, Mikkel Brydegaard     Insects are fundamental to ecosystem functioning and biodiversity, yet the study of insect movement, dispersal and activity patterns remains a challenge. Here we present results …             Molecular cloning, expression and the adjuvant effects of interleukin-8 of channel catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) against Streptococcus iniae ▶     Erlong Wang, Jun Wang, Bo Long et al.     Interleukin-8 (IL-8) as an important cytokine involving in inflammatory and immune response, has been studied as effective adjuvants for vaccines in mammals. However, there are …             Integrated Electrowetting Nanoinjector for Single Cell Transfection ▶     Elaheh Shekaramiz, Ganeshkumar Varadarajalu, Philip J. Day et al.     Single cell transfection techniques are essential to understand the heterogeneity between cells. We have developed an integrated electrowetting nanoinjector (INENI) to transfect …             Molecular characterization and analysis of high-level multidrug-resistance of Shigella flexneri serotype 4s strains from China ▶     Chaojie Yang, Peng Li, Xiujuan Zhang et al.     To conduct the first comprehensive analysis of Shigella flexneri serotype 4s, a novel serotype found in 2010, we identified 24 serotype 4s isolates from 1973 shigellosis cases in …             High-speed atomic force microscopy reveals strongly polarized movement of clostridial collagenase along collagen fibrils ▶     Takahiro Watanabe-Nakayama, Masahiro Itami, Noriyuki Kodera et al.     Bacterial collagenases involved in donor infection are widely applied in many fields due to their high activity and specificity; however, little is known regarding the mechanisms …             Corrigendum: Graphene Oxide promotes embryonic stem cell differentiation to haematopoietic lineage ▶     Eva Garcia-Alegria, Maria Iliut, Monika Stefanska et al.                 Sharp temporal tuning in the bat auditory midbrain overcomes spectral-temporal trade-off imposed by cochlear mechanics ▶     Silvio Macías, Julio C. Hechavarría, Manfred Kössl     In the cochlea of the mustached bat, cochlear resonance produces extremely sharp frequency tuning to the dominant frequency of the echolocation calls, around 61 kHz. Such high …             Identification of Novel FAM134B (JK1) Mutations in Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ▶     Md. Hakimul Haque, Vinod Gopalan, Kwok-wah Chan et al.     Mutation of FAM134B (Family with Sequence Similarity 134, Member B) leading to loss of function of its encoded Golgi protein and has been reported induce apoptosis in …             In situ characterization of protein aggregates in human tissues affected by light chain amyloidosis: a FTIR microspectroscopy study ▶     Diletta Ami, Francesca Lavatelli, Paola Rognoni et al.     Light chain (AL) amyloidosis, caused by deposition of amyloidogenic immunoglobulin light chains (LCs), is the most common systemic form in industrialized countries. Still open …             MiRNA-203 suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer via targeting of EIF5A2 ▶     Biao Deng, Bin Wang, Jiaqing Fang et al.     While it is known that miR-203 is frequently downregulated in many types of human cancer, little is known regarding its expression and functional role in colorectal cancer (CRC). …             RNA is an Adjuvanticity Mediator for the Lipid-Based Mucosal Adjuvant, Endocine ▶     Masayuki Hayashi, Taiki Aoshi, Koji Ozasa et al.     Nasal vaccination has the potential to elicit systemic and mucosal immunity against pathogens. However, split and subunit vaccines lack potency at stimulating mucosal immunity, …             Nanoscale imaging of untreated mammalian cells in a medium with low radiation damage using scanning electron-assisted dielectric microscopy ▶     Tomoko Okada, Toshihiko Ogura     Imaging of untreated living cells in a medium at a nanometre-scale resolution under physiological conditions is a significant challenge. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is …             Topical and Targeted Delivery of siRNAs to Melanoma Cells Using a Fusion Peptide Carrier ▶     Renquan Ruan, Ming Chen, Sijie Sun et al.     Topical application of siRNAs through the skin is a potentially effective strategy for the treatment of melanoma tumors. In this study, we designed a new and safe fusion peptide …             2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl Borate Potentiates CRAC Current by Directly Dilating the Pore of Open Orai1 ▶     Xiaolan Xu, Sher Ali, Yufeng Li et al.     2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) elicits potentiation current (Ip) on Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. An accurate investigation into this modulation mechanism …             An Artificial Reaction Promoter Modulates Mitochondrial Functions via Chemically Promoting Protein Acetylation ▶     Yutaka Shindo, Hirokazu Komatsu, Kohji Hotta et al.     Acetylation, which modulates protein function, is an important process in intracellular signalling. In mitochondria, protein acetylation regulates a number of enzymatic …             ATRA modulates mechanical activation of TGF-β by pancreatic stellate cells ▶     Muge Sarper, Ernesto Cortes, Tyler J. Lieberthal et al.     The hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is abundant desmoplasia, which is orchestrated by pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and accounts for the majority of the …             A systematic High-Content Screening microscopy approach reveals key roles for Rab33b, OATL1 and Myo6 in nanoparticle trafficking in HeLa cells ▶     Angela Panarella, Mariana G. Bexiga, George Galea et al.     Synthetic nanoparticles are promising tools for imaging and drug delivery; however the molecular details of cellular internalization and trafficking await full characterization. …             Temporal windows of reproductive opportunity reinforce species barriers in a marine broadcast spawning assemblage ▶     Carla A. Monteiro, Cristina Paulino, Rita Jacinto et al.     Prezygotic isolating mechanisms act to limit hybridization and maintain the genetic identity of closely-related species. While synchronous intraspecific spawning is a common …             A novel role for pigment genes in the stress response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ▶     Uniza Wahid Khan, Øyvind Øverli, Patricia M. Hinkle et al.     In many vertebrate species visible melanin-based pigmentation patterns correlate with high stress- and disease-resistance, but proximate mechanisms for this trait association …             Metformin inhibits Branched Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) derived ketoacidosis and promotes metabolic homeostasis in MSUD ▶     Davis S. Sonnet, Monique N. O’Leary, Mark A. Gutierrez et al.     Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is an inherited disorder caused by the dysfunction in the branched chain keto-acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) enzyme. This leads to buildup of …             Habitat use of bats in relation to wind turbines revealed by GPS tracking ▶     Manuel Roeleke, Torsten Blohm, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt et al.     Worldwide, many countries aim at countering global climate change by promoting renewable energy. Yet, recent studies highlight that so-called green energy, such as wind energy, …             A Combinatorial Algorithm for Microbial Consortia Synthetic Design ▶     Alice Julien-Laferrière, Laurent Bulteau, Delphine Parrot et al.     Synthetic biology has boomed since the early 2000s when it started being shown that it was possible to efficiently synthetize compounds of interest in a much more rapid and …             Ecosystem experiment reveals benefits of natural and simulated beaver dams to a threatened population of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ▶     Nicolaas Bouwes, Nicholas Weber, Chris E. Jordan et al.     Beaver have been referred to as ecosystem engineers because of the large impacts their dam building activities have on the landscape; however, the benefits they may provide to …             Early hippocampal volume loss as a marker of eventual memory deficits caused by repeated stress ▶     Mohammed Mostafizur Rahman, Charlotte K. Callaghan, Christian M. Kerskens et al.     Exposure to severe and prolonged stress has detrimental effects on the hippocampus. However, relatively little is known about the gradual changes in hippocampal structure, and …             Genome-wide analysis of HIF-2α chromatin binding sites under normoxia in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) suggests its diverse functions ▶     Meng-Chang Lee, Hsin-Ju Huang, Tzu-Hao Chang et al.     Constitutive functional HIF-2α was recently identified in cancer and stem cell lines under normoxia. In this study, BEAS-2B, a bronchial epithelial cell line, was shown to …             Human neural stem cell-induced endothelial morphogenesis requires autocrine/paracrine and juxtacrine signaling ▶     Chung-Hsing Chou, Michel Modo     Transplanted neural stem cells (NSC) interact with the host brain microenvironment. A neovascularization is commonly observed in the vicinity of the cell deposit, which is …             Tropomodulin-3 is essential in asymmetric division during mouse oocyte maturation ▶     Yu-Jin Jo, Woo-In Jang, Nam-Hyung Kim et al.     The dynamic polymerization and depolymerization of actin filaments is essential for various cellular processes such as cell migration, rotation, cytokinesis, and mammalian oocyte …             Positive Cofactor 4 (PC4) is critical for DNA repair pathway re-routing in DT40 cells ▶     Randolph B. Caldwell, Herbert Braselmann, Ulrike Schoetz et al.     PC4 is an abundant single-strand DNA binding protein that has been implicated in transcription and DNA repair. Here, we show that PC4 is involved in the cellular DNA damage …             Monoclonal antibody with conformational specificity for a toxic conformer of amyloid β42 and its application toward the Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis ▶     Kazuma Murakami, Maki Tokuda, Takashi Suzuki et al.     Amyloid β-protein (Aβ42) oligomerization is an early event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Current diagnostic methods using sequence-specific antibodies against less toxic fibrillar …             Nucleolin interacts with influenza A nucleoprotein and contributes to viral ribonucleoprotein complexes nuclear trafficking and efficient influenza viral replication ▶     Olivier Terrier, Coralie Carron, Benoît De Chassey et al.     Influenza viruses replicate their single-stranded RNA genomes in the nucleus of infected cells and these replicated genomes (vRNPs) are then exported from the nucleus to the …             DNA barcoding identifies a cosmopolitan diet in the ocean sunfish ▶     Lara L. Sousa, Raquel Xavier, Vânia Costa et al.     The ocean sunfish (Mola mola) is the world’s heaviest bony fish reaching a body mass of up to 2.3 tonnes. However, the prey M. mola consumes to fuel this prodigious growth …             Effects of landscape anthropization on mosquito community composition and abundance ▶     Martina Ferraguti, Josué Martínez-de la Puente, David Roiz et al.     Anthropogenic landscape transformation has an important effect on vector-borne pathogen transmission. However, the effects of urbanization on mosquito communities are still only …             New insights in Microbial Fuel Cells: novel solid phase anolyte ▶     Tonia Tommasi, Gian Paolo Salvador, Marzia Quaglio     For the development of long lasting portable microbial fuel cells (MFCs) new strategies are necessary to overcome critical issues such as hydraulic pump system and the …             Patterns of postictal cerebral perfusion in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: a multi-delay multi-parametric arterial spin labelling perfusion MRI study ▶     Guangxiang Chen, Du Lei, Jiechuan Ren et al.     The cerebral haemodynamic status of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is a very complicated process. Little attention has been paid to cerebral blood flow (CBF) alterations …             A Two-Year Treatment of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment using a Compound Chinese Medicine: A Placebo Controlled Randomized Trail ▶     Junying Zhang, Zhen Liu, Huamin Zhang et al.     We aimed to investigate the long-term therapeutic effects of a compound Chinese medicine, the Bushen capsule, on cognition and brain connectivity in patients with amnestic mild …             Influence of Environmental Factors on the Active Substance Production and Antioxidant Activity in Potentilla fruticosa L. and Its Quality Assessment ▶     Wei Liu, Dongxue Yin, Na Li et al.     Environmental factors may influence types and contents of active substances. This study investigated the influence of environmental factors on the active substance contents and …             On-Chip Quantitative Measurement of Mechanical Stresses During Cell Migration with Emulsion Droplets ▶     D. Molino, S. Quignard, C. Gruget et al.     The ability of immune cells to migrate within narrow and crowded spaces is a critical feature involved in various physiological processes from immune response to metastasis. …             Alteration of protein prenylation promotes spermatogonial differentiation and exhausts spermatogonial stem cells in newborn mice ▶     Fan Diao, Chen Jiang, Xiu-Xing Wang et al.     Spermatogenesis in adulthood depends on the successful neonatal establishment of the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) pool and gradual differentiation during puberty. The …             VirusMapper: open-source nanoscale mapping of viral architecture through super-resolution microscopy ▶     Robert D. M. Gray, Corina Beerli, Pedro Matos Pereira et al.     The nanoscale molecular assembly of mammalian viruses during their infectious life cycle remains poorly understood. Their small dimensions, generally bellow the 300nm diffraction …             Expression of dynein, cytoplasmic 2, heavy chain 1 (DHC2) associated with glioblastoma cell resistance to temozolomide ▶     Hai Wang, Wenfeng Feng, Yuntao Lu et al.     Temozolomide (TMZ) is the main chemotherapeutic drug utilized for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GMB), however, drug resistance often leads to tumor recurrence and …             Differential expression of microRNAs in retinal vasculopathy caused by selective Müller cell disruption ▶     Sook Hyun Chung, Mark Gillies, Michelle Yam et al.     Vascular changes and photoreceptor degeneration are features of age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and macular telangiectasis. We have profiled the …             Intercellular transfer of P-glycoprotein in human blood-brain barrier endothelial cells is increased by histone deacetylase inhibitors ▶     Andreas Noack, Sandra Noack, Manuela Buettner et al.     The blood–brain barrier (BBB) controls the entry of compounds into the brain, thereby regulating brain homeostasis. Efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp) significantly …             Application of flat panel OLED display technology for the point-of-care detection of circulating cancer biomarkers ▶     Benjamin A. Katchman, Joseph T. Smith, Uwadiae Obahiagbon et al.     Point-of-care molecular diagnostics can provide efficient and cost-effective medical care, and they have the potential to fundamentally change our approach to global health. …             Transcriptome Analysis on Monocytes from Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration ▶     Michelle Grunin, Shira- Hagbi-Levi, Batya Rinsky et al.     Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs), including monocytes/macrophages, play complex roles in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis. We reported altered gene-expression …             Overexpression of Bmi1 in Lymphocytes Stimulates Skeletogenesis by Improving the Osteogenic Microenvironment ▶     Xichao Zhou, Xiuliang Dai, Xuan Wu et al.     To investigate whether overexpression of Bmi1 in lymphocytes can stimulate skeletogenesis by improving the osteogenic microenvironment, we examined the skeletal phenotype of …             Alpha-tubulin enhanced renal tubular cell proliferation and tissue repair but reduced cell death and cell-crystal adhesion ▶     Juthatip Manissorn, Supaporn Khamchun, Arada Vinaiphat et al.     Adhesion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals on renal tubular epithelial cells is a critical event for kidney stone disease that triggers many cascades of cellular response. Our …             In vivo assessment of behavioral recovery and circulatory exchange in the peritoneal parabiosis model ▶     Joseph M. Castellano, Mikael Palner, Shi-Bin Li et al.     The sharing of circulation between two animals using a surgical procedure known as parabiosis has created a wealth of information towards our understanding of physiology, most …             Effects of neonatal stress on gamma oscillations in hippocampus ▶     Sally Dricks     Chronic early life stress increases adult risk for depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, illnesses characterized by aberrant functions of cognition and memory. We asked …             Natural variation of root exudates in Arabidopsis thaliana-linking metabolomic and genomic data ▶     Susann Mönchgesang, Nadine Strehmel, Stephan Schmidt et al.     Many metabolomics studies focus on aboveground parts of the plant, while metabolism within roots and the chemical composition of the rhizosphere, as influenced by exudation, are …             Motor planning of goal-directed action is tuned by the emotional valence of the stimulus: a kinematic study ▶     P. O. Esteves, L. A. S. Oliveira, A. A. Nogueira-Campos et al.     The basic underpinnings of homeostatic behavior include interacting with positive items and avoiding negative ones. As the planning aspects of goal-directed actions can be …             CRISP-ID: decoding CRISPR mediated indels by Sanger sequencing ▶     Jonas Dehairs, Ali Talebi, Yacine Cherifi et al.     The advent of next generation gene editing technologies has revolutionized the fields of genome engineering in allowing the generation of gene knockout models and functional gene …             Inhibition of HIV-1 reactivation by a telomerase-derived peptide in a HSP90-dependent manner ▶     Hong Kim, Myung-Soo Choi, Kyung-Soo Inn et al.     A peptide vaccine designed to induce T-cell immunity to telomerase, GV1001, has been shown to modulate cellular signaling pathways and confer a direct anti-cancer effect through …             The wheat R2R3-MYB transcription factor TaRIM1 participates in resistance response against the pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis infection through regulating defense genes ▶     Tianlei Shan, Wei Rong, Huijun Xu et al.     The necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis is a major pathogen of sharp eyespot that is a devastating disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Little is known about roles of MYB …             Involvement of the pagR gene of pXO2 in anthrax pathogenesis ▶     Xudong Liang, Enmin Zhang, Huijuan Zhang et al.     Anthrax is a disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. Specifically, the anthrax toxins and capsules encoded by the pXO1 and pXO2 plasmids, respectively, are the major virulence …             The metabolome of [2-14C](−)-epicatechin in humans: implications for the assessment of efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of polyphenolic bioactives ▶     Javier I. Ottaviani, Gina Borges, Tony Y. Momma et al.     Diet is a major life style factor affecting human health, thus emphasizing the need for evidence-based dietary guidelines for primary disease prevention. While current …             Enhanced excitability and suppression of A-type K+ currents in joint sensory neurons in a murine model of antigen-induced arthritis ▶     Lintao Qu, Michael J. Caterina     Pain is a dominant symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its adequate treatment represents a major unmet need. However, the cellular mechanisms that drive arthritis pain are …             Optimal numbers of residues in linkers of DNA polymerase I, T7 primase and DNA polymerase IV ▶     Yi-Ben Fu, Zhan-Feng Wang, Peng-Ye Wang et al.     DNA polymerase I (PolI), T7 primase and DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4) have a common feature in their structures that the two main domains are connected by an unstructured polypeptide …             “Cre/loxP plus BAC”: a strategy for direct cloning of large DNA fragment and its applications in Photorhabdus luminescens and Agrobacterium tumefaciens ▶     Shengbiao Hu, Zhengqiang Liu, Xu Zhang et al.     Heterologous expression has been proven to be a valid strategy for elucidating the natural products produced by gene clusters uncovered by genome sequencing projects. Efforts …             miR-2861 acts as a tumor suppressor via targeting EGFR/AKT2/CCND1 pathway in cervical cancer induced by human papillomavirus virus 16 E6 ▶     Junfen Xu, Xiaoyun Wan, Xiaojing Chen et al.     Persistent infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus viruses (HPVs) is a casual factor for cervical cancer and its precursors, and the abnormal constitutive expression of …             Abrogating ClC-3 Inhibits LPS-induced Inflammation via Blocking the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway ▶     Nan-lin Xiang, Jun Liu, Yun-jian Liao et al.     This study investigated the function of a chloride channel blocker, DIDS. Both in vitro and in vivo studies found that DIDS significantly inhibits lipopolysaccharide …             Visualization of Neuregulin 1 ectodomain shedding reveals its local processing in vitro and in vivo ▶     Aosa Kamezaki, Fuminori Sato, Kazuhiro Aoki et al.     Neuregulin1 (NRG1) plays diverse developmental roles and is likely involved in several neurological disorders including schizophrenia. The transmembrane NRG1 protein is …             Specificity and mechanism of action of alpha-helical membrane-active peptides interacting with model and biological membranes by single-molecule force spectroscopy ▶     Shiyu Sun, Guangxu Zhao, Yibing Huang et al.     In this study, to systematically investigate the targeting specificity of membrane-active peptides on different types of cell membranes, we evaluated the effects of peptides on …             Catalysts of DNA Strand Cleavage at Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Sites ▶     Irina G. Minko, Aaron C. Jacobs, Arnie R. de Leon et al.     Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are constantly formed in cellular DNA due to instability of the glycosidic bond, particularly at purines and various oxidized, alkylated, or …             Alzheimer’s disease AdvaxCpG- adjuvanted MultiTEP-based dual and single vaccines induce high-titer antibodies against various forms of tau and Aβ pathological molecules ▶     Hayk Davtyan, Karen Zagorski, Harinda Rajapaksha et al.     Although β-amyloid (Aβ) may be the primary driver of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, accumulation of pathological tau correlates with dementia in AD patients. Thus, the …             Alignment-free microbial phylogenomics under scenarios of sequence divergence, genome rearrangement and lateral genetic transfer ▶     Guillaume Bernard, Cheong Xin Chan, Mark A. Ragan     Alignment-free (AF) approaches have recently been highlighted as alternatives to methods based on multiple sequence alignment in phylogenetic inference. However, the sensitivity …             Development and application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detection of Plasmopara viticola ▶     Xiangjiu Kong, Wentao Qin, Xiaoqing Huang et al.     A rapid LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) detection method was developed on the basis of the ITS sequence of P. viticola, the major causal agent of grape downy …             First Person Perspective of Seated Participants Over a Walking Virtual Body Leads to Illusory Agency Over the Walking ▶     Elena Kokkinara, Konstantina Kilteni, Kristopher J. Blom et al.     Agency, the attribution of authorship to an action of our body, requires the intention to carry out the action, and subsequently a match between its predicted and actual sensory …             The wMel strain of Wolbachia Reduces Transmission of Zika virus by Aedes aegypti ▶     Matthew T. Aliota, Stephen A. Peinado, Ivan Dario Velez et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) is causing an explosive outbreak of febrile disease in the Americas. There are no effective antiviral therapies or licensed vaccines for this virus, and …             Slug inhibits pancreatic cancer initiation by blocking Kras-induced acinar-ductal metaplasia ▶     Kazumi Ebine, Christina R. Chow, Brian T. DeCant et al.     Cells in the pancreas that have undergone acinar-ductal metaplasia (ADM) can transform into premalignant cells that can eventually become cancerous. Although the …             The Maternal Legacy: Female Identity Predicts Offspring Sex Ratio in the Loggerhead Sea Turtle ▶     Jaymie L. Reneker, Stephanie J. Kamel     In organisms with temperature-dependent sex determination, the incubation environment plays a key role in determining offspring sex ratios. Given that global temperatures have …             Disrupting VEGF-A paracrine and autocrine loops by targeting SHP-1 suppresses triple negative breast cancer metastasis ▶     Jung-Chen Su, Ai-Chung Mar, Szu-Hsien Wu et al.     Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) had an increased likelihood of distant recurrence and death, as compared with those with non-TNBC subtype. Regorafenib is a …             Organelle acidification negatively regulates vacuole membrane fusion in vivo ▶     Yann Desfougères, Stefano Vavassori, Maria Rompf et al.     The V-ATPase is a proton pump consisting of a membrane-integral V0 sector and a peripheral V1 sector, which carries the ATPase activity. In vitro studies of yeast vacuole fusion …             Realized niche shift associated with the Eurasian charophyte Nitellopsis obtusa becoming invasive in North America ▶     Luis E. Escobar, Huijie Qiao, Nicholas B. D. Phelps et al.     Nitellopsis obtusa (starry stonewort) is a dioecious green alga native to Europe and Asia that has emerged as an aquatic invasive species in North America. Nitellopsis obtusa is …             Novel role of cortactin in G protein-coupled receptor agonist-induced nuclear export and degradation of p21Cip1 ▶     Jagadeesh Janjanam, Gadiparthi N. Rao     Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1) stimulates phosphorylation of cortactin on Y421 and Y446 residues in a time-dependent manner and phosphorylation at Y446 but not Y421 …             Oxidative DNA damage stalls the human mitochondrial replisome ▶     Gorazd Stojkovič, Alena V. Makarova, Paulina H. Wanrooij et al.     Oxidative stress is capable of causing damage to various cellular constituents, including DNA. There is however limited knowledge on how oxidative stress influences mitochondrial …             Negative regulation and developmental competence in Aspergillus ▶     Mi-Kyung Lee, Nak-Jung Kwon, Im-Soon Lee et al.     Asexual development (conidiation) in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans is governed by orchestrated gene expression. The three key negative regulators of conidiation …             Antennal transcriptome and differential expression of olfactory genes in the yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) ▶     Xiao-Jian Jia, Hai-Xiang Wang, Zeng-Guang Yan et al.     The yellow peach moth (YPM), Conogethes punctiferalis (Guenée), is a multivoltine insect pest of crops and fruits. Antennal-expressed receptors are important for insects to …             Capturing tumor complexity in vitro: Comparative analysis of 2D and 3D tumor models for drug discovery ▶     Kristin Stock, Marta F. Estrada, Suzana Vidic et al.     Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures growing on plastic do not recapitulate the three dimensional (3D) architecture and complexity of human tumors. More representative models are …             The upper respiratory tract microbiome and its potential role in bovine respiratory disease and otitis media ▶     Svetlana F. Lima, Andre Gustavo V. Teixeira, Catherine H. Higgins et al.     The upper respiratory tract (URT) hosts a complex microbial community of commensal microorganisms and potential pathogens. Analyzing the composition and nature of the healthy URT …             A novel AhR ligand, 2AI, protects the retina from environmental stress ▶     Mark A. Gutierrez, Sonnet S. Davis, Andrew Rosko et al.     Various retinal degenerative diseases including dry and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa, and diabetic retinopathy are associated with the …             Role for the thromboxane A2 receptor β-isoform in the pathogenesis of intrauterine growth restriction ▶     Katie L. Powell, Veronica Stevens, Dannielle H. Upton et al.     Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a pathology of pregnancy that results in failure of the fetus to reach its genetically determined growth potential. In developed nations …             Grazing effects on ecosystem CO2 fluxes differ among temperate steppe types in Eurasia ▶     Longyu Hou, Yan Liu, Jiancai Du et al.     Grassland ecosystems play a critical role in regulating CO2 fluxes into and out of the Earth’s surface. Whereas previous studies have often addressed single fluxes of CO2 …             Shapes of minimal-energy DNA ropes condensed in confinement ▶     Antonio Šiber     Shapes of a single, long DNA molecule condensed in a confinement of a virus capsid are described as conformations optimizing a model free energy functional accounting for the …             Accelerating skin wound healing by M-CSF through generating SSEA-1 and -3 stem cells in the injured sites ▶     Yunyuan Li, Reza Baradar Jalili, Aziz Ghahary     Wound healing is a complicated process requiring the collaborative efforts of different cell lineages. Our recent studies have found that one subset of hematopoietic cells can be …             Paraoxonase 2 modulates a proapoptotic function in LS174T cells in response to quorum sensing molecule N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone ▶     Shiyu Tao, Yanwen Luo, Bin He et al.     A mucus layer coats the gastrointestinal tract and serves as the first line of intestinal defense against infection. N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing molecules …             Prognostic values of four Notch receptor mRNA expression in gastric cancer ▶     Xiaoyu Wu, Wentao Liu, Ding Tang et al.     Notch ligands and receptors are frequently deregulated in several human malignancies including gastric cancer. The activation of Notch signaling has been reported to contribute …             Image Quality Ranking Method for Microscopy ▶     Sami Koho, Elnaz Fazeli, John E. Eriksson et al.     Automated analysis of microscope images is necessitated by the increased need for high-resolution follow up of events in time. Manually finding the right images to be analyzed, …             Volumetric Light-Field Excitation ▶     David C. Schedl, Oliver Bimber     We explain how to concentrate light simultaneously at multiple selected volumetric positions by means of a 4D illumination light field. First, to select target objects, a 4D …             TRPV1-mediated presynaptic transmission in basolateral amygdala contributes to visceral hypersensitivity in adult rats with neonatal maternal deprivation ▶     Ying Xiao, Xiaoqi Chen, Ping-An Zhang et al.     The central mechanisms of visceral hypersensitivity remain largely unknown. It’s reported that there are highest densities of TRPV1 labeled neurons within basolateral amygdala …             Synergistic Effect of H2O2 and NO2 in Cell Death Induced by Cold Atmospheric He Plasma ▶     Pierre-Marie Girard, Atousa Arbabian, Michel Fleury et al.     Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPPs) have emerged over the last decade as a new promising therapy to fight cancer. CAPPs’ antitumor activity is primarily due to the delivery …             Beyond the brain-Peripheral kisspeptin signaling is essential for promoting endometrial gland development and function ▶     Silvia León, Daniela Fernadois, Alexandra Sull et al.     Uterine growth and endometrial gland formation (adenogenesis) and function, are essential for fertility and are controlled by estrogens and other regulators, whose nature and …             Anti-cancer efficacy of nonthermal plasma dissolved in a liquid, liquid plasma in heterogeneous cancer cells ▶     Ngoc Hoan Nguyen, Hyung Jun Park, Sang Sik Yang et al.     The therapeutic potential of nonthermal plasma for cancer treatment has been reported recently. The heterogeneity of cancer cells need to be addressed to design effective …             An ABA-increased interaction of the PYL6 ABA receptor with MYC2 Transcription Factor: A putative link of ABA and JA signaling ▶     Fernando Aleman, Junshi Yazaki, Melissa Lee et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that mediates abiotic stress tolerance and regulates growth and development. ABA binds to members of the PYL/RCAR ABA receptor family that …             Microfluidics-based side view flow chamber reveals tether-to-sling transition in rolling neutrophils ▶     Alex Marki, Edgar Gutierrez, Zbigniew Mikulski et al.     Neutrophils rolling at high shear stress (above 6 dyn/cm2) form tethers in the rear and slings in the front. Here, we developed a novel photo-lithographically fabricated, …             Integrative analysis of cancer genes in a functional interactome ▶     Matthew H. Ung, Chun-Chi Liu, Chao Cheng     The post-genomic era has resulted in the accumulation of high-throughput cancer data from a vast array of genomic technologies including next-generation sequencing and …             Individuality in nutritional preferences: a multi-level approach in field crickets ▶     Chang S. Han, Heidi Y. Jäger, Niels J. Dingemanse     Selection may favour individuals of the same population to differ consistently in nutritional preference, for example, because optimal diets covary with morphology or …             Humoral response against host-mimetic homologous epitopes of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Japanese multiple sclerosis patients ▶     Davide Cossu, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Leonardo Antonio Sechi et al.     Several works have demonstrated the existence of a link between Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and MS in Italy. In this study, we analyzed the serology of MAP …             Mutation of DNA Polymerase β R137Q Results in Retarded Embryo Development Due to Impaired DNA Base Excision Repair in Mice ▶     Feiyan Pan, Jing Zhao, Ting Zhou et al.     DNA polymerase β (Pol β), a key enzyme in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway, is pivotal in maintaining the integrity and stability of genomes. One Pol β mutation that …             A fast and easy strategy for protein purification using “teabags” ▶     M. Castaldo, L. Barlind, F. Mauritzson et al.     Protein purification often involves affinity capture of proteins on stationary resin, alternatively proteins are captured on free flowing resin for subsequent separation from …             A clinically authentic mouse model of enterovirus 71 (EV-A71)-induced neurogenic pulmonary oedema ▶     Carla Bianca Luena Victorio, Yishi Xu, Qimei Ng et al.     Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is a neurotropic virus that sporadically causes fatal neurologic illness among infected children. Animal models of EV-A71 infection exist, but they do not …             Small Glutamine-Rich Tetratricopeptide Repeat-Containing Protein Alpha (SGTA) Ablation Limits Offspring Viability and Growth in Mice ▶     Lisa K. Philp, Tanya K. Day, Miriam S. Butler et al.     Small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein α (SGTA) has been implicated as a co-chaperone and regulator of androgen and growth hormone receptor (AR, GHR) …             Transcriptome comparison reveals a genetic network regulating the lower temperature limit in fish ▶     Peng Hu, Mingli Liu, Yimeng Liu et al.     Transcriptional plasticity is a major driver of phenotypic differences between species. The lower temperature limit (LTL), namely the lower end of survival temperature, is an …             Increased circulating concentrations of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in children with type 1 diabetes ▶     Emilia Galli, Taina Härkönen, Markus T. Sainio et al.     Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) was recently shown to be essential for the survival and proliferation of pancreatic β-cells in mice, where deletion of …             Intrinsic FGF2 and FGF5 promotes angiogenesis of human aortic endothelial cells in 3D microfluidic angiogenesis system ▶     Ha-Rim Seo, Hyo Eun Jeong, Hyung Joon Joo et al.     The human body contains different endothelial cell types and differences in their angiogenic potential are poorly understood. We compared the functional angiogenic ability of …             A HIV-Tat/C4-binding protein chimera encoded by a DNA vaccine is highly immunogenic and contains acute EcoHIV infection in mice ▶     Khamis Tomusange, Danushka Wijesundara, Jason Gummow et al.     DNA vaccines are cost-effective to manufacture on a global scale and Tat-based DNA vaccines have yielded protective outcomes in preclinical and clinical models of human …             Methylmercury, an environmental electrophile capable of activation and disruption of the Akt/CREB/Bcl-2 signal transduction pathway in SH-SY5Y cells ▶     Takamitsu Unoki, Yumi Abiko, Takashi Toyama et al.     Methylmercury (MeHg) modifies cellular proteins via their thiol groups in a process referred to as “S-mercuration”, potentially resulting in modulation of the cellular signal …             Ablation of MCL1 expression by virally induced microRNA-29 reverses chemoresistance in human osteosarcomas ▶     Shuhei Osaki, Hiroshi Tazawa, Joe Hasei et al.     Osteosarcoma is a rare disease diagnosed as malignant bone tumor. It is generally refractory to chemotherapy, which contributes to its poor prognosis. The reversal of …             Inhibition of JNK-mediated autophagy enhances NSCLC cell sensitivity to mTORC1/2 inhibitors ▶     Hyeon-Ok Jin, Sung-Eun Hong, Jin-Ah Park et al.     As the activation of autophagy contributes to the efficacy of many anticancer therapies, deciphering the precise role of autophagy in cancer therapy is critical. Here, we report …             Lipidomic Signatures and Associated Transcriptomic Profiles of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ▶     Kosuke Saito, Eri Arai, Keiko Maekawa et al.     Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common histological type of adult kidney cancer. In this study, we obtained lipidomic profiles of clear cell RCC (ccRCC), a major RCC …             Human Organotypic Cultured Cardiac Slices: New Platform For High Throughput Preclinical Human Trials ▶     C. Kang, Y. Qiao, G. Li et al.     Translation of novel therapies from bench to bedside is hampered by profound disparities between animal and human genetics and physiology. The ability to test for efficacy and …             A Structure-free Method for Quantifying Conformational Flexibility in proteins ▶     Virginia M. Burger, Daniel J. Arenas, Collin M. Stultz     All proteins sample a range of conformations at physiologic temperatures and this inherent flexibility enables them to carry out their prescribed functions. A comprehensive …             Quantifying cadherin mechanotransduction machinery assembly/disassembly dynamics using fluorescence covariance analysis ▶     Pavan Vedula, Lissette A. Cruz, Natasha Gutierrez et al.     Quantifying multi-molecular complex assembly in specific cytoplasmic compartments is crucial to understand how cells use assembly/disassembly of these complexes to control …             Diverse distribution of Toxin-Antitoxin II systems in Salmonella enterica serovars ▶     Andrea Di Cesare, Carmen Losasso, Lisa Barco et al.     Type II Toxin-Antitoxin systems (TAs), known for their presence in virulent and antibiotic resistant bacterial strains, were recently identified in Salmonella enterica isolates. …             Cold acclimation wholly reorganizes the Drosophila melanogaster transcriptome and metabolome ▶     Heath A. MacMillan, Jose M. Knee, Alice B. Dennis et al.     Cold tolerance is a key determinant of insect distribution and abundance, and thermal acclimation can strongly influence organismal stress tolerance phenotypes, particularly in …             Transcriptome sequencing and marker development in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus; Leguminosae) ▶     Mohammad Vatanparast, Prateek Shetty, Ratan Chopra et al.     Winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC., is similar to soybean in yield and nutritional value but more viable in tropical conditions. Here, we strengthen genetic …             Divergent Evolutionary Pattern of Sugar Transporter Genes is Associated with the Difference in Sugar Accumulation between Grasses and Eudicots ▶     Wei Wang, Hui Zhou, Baiquan Ma et al.     Sugars play a variety of roles in plants, and their accumulation in seeds and/or surrounding pericarp tissues is distinctly different between grasses and eudicots. However, …             PhyloToAST: Bioinformatics tools for species-level analysis and visualization of complex microbial datasets ▶     Shareef M. Dabdoub, Megan L. Fellows, Akshay D. Paropkari et al.     The 16S rRNA gene is widely used for taxonomic profiling of microbial ecosystems; and recent advances in sequencing chemistry have allowed extremely large numbers of sequences to …             Wheat CBL-interacting protein kinase 25 negatively regulates salt tolerance in transgenic wheat ▶     Xia Jin, Tao Sun, Xiatian Wang et al.     CBL-interacting protein kinases are involved in plant responses to abiotic stresses, including salt stress. However, the negative regulating mechanism of this gene family in …             Temporal tuning in the bat auditory cortex is sharper when studied with natural echolocation sequences ▶     M. Jerome Beetz, Julio C. Hechavarría, Manfred Kössl     Precise temporal coding is necessary for proper acoustic analysis. However, at cortical level, forward suppression appears to limit the ability of neurons to extract temporal …             Loss of Lipid Virulence Factors Reduces the Efficacy of the BCG Vaccine ▶     Vanessa Tran, Sang Kyun Ahn, Mark Ng et al.     Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, is the only vaccine available for tuberculosis (TB) control. BCG comprises a number of substrains that …             The first characterization of multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE/SLC47) proteins in zebrafish (Danio rerio) ▶     Jovica Lončar, Marta Popović, Petra Krznar et al.     Multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) proteins are involved in the extrusion of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics across the plasma membrane. They are conserved from bacteria …             Proteome analysis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing B0/W148 cluster ▶     Julia Bespyatykh, Egor Shitikov, Ivan Butenko et al.     Beijing B0/W148, a “successful” clone of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is widespread in the Russian Federation and some countries of the former Soviet Union. Here, we used …             Phosphoproteomic analysis of Methanohalophilus portucalensis FDF1T identified the role of protein phosphorylation in methanogenesis and osmoregulation ▶     Wan-Ling Wu, Shu-Jung Lai, Jhih-Tian Yang et al.     Methanogens have gained much attention for their metabolic product, methane, which could be an energy substitute but also contributes to the greenhouse effect. One factor that …             Signaling mechanism for modulation by ATP of glycine receptors on rat retinal ganglion cells ▶     Ping-Ping Zhang, Gong Zhang, Wei Zhou et al.     ATP modulates voltage- and ligand-gated channels in the CNS via the activation of ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptors. While P2Y receptors are expressed in retinal …             Polarity protein Crumbs homolog-3 (CRB3) regulates ectoplasmic specialization dynamics through its action on F-actin organization in Sertoli cells ▶     Ying Gao, Wing-yee Lui, Will M. Lee et al.     Crumbs homolog 3 (or Crumbs3, CRB3) is a polarity protein expressed by Sertoli and germ cells at the basal compartment in the seminiferous epithelium. CRB3 also expressed at the …             Unlocking the bacterial and fungal communities assemblages of sugarcane microbiome ▶     Rafael Soares Correa de Souza, Vagner Katsumi Okura, Jaderson Silveira Leite Armanhi et al.     Plant microbiome and its manipulation herald a new era for plant biotechnology with the potential to benefit sustainable crop production. However, studies evaluating the …             Determination of GLUT1 Oligomerization Parameters using Bioluminescent Förster Resonance Energy Transfer ▶     Brendan Looyenga, Calvin VanOpstall, Zion Lee et al.     The facilitated glucose transporter GLUT1 (SLC2A1) is an important mediator of glucose homeostasis in humans. Though it is found in most cell types to some extent, the level of GL…             Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Alters Auditory-motor Integration For Voice Control ▶     Weifeng Li, Ziyi Chen, Nan Yan et al.     Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common drug-refractory focal epilepsy in adults. Previous research has shown that patients with TLE exhibit decreased performance in …             Multiple cone pathways are involved in photic regulation of retinal dopamine ▶     Sheng-Nan Qiao, Zhijing Zhang, Christophe P. Ribelayga et al.     Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the retina and plays a central role in the light adaptive processes of the visual system. The sole source of retinal dopamine is …             Expansion of amphibian intronless interferons revises the paradigm for interferon evolution and functional diversity ▶     Yongming Sang, Qinfang Liu, Jinhwa Lee et al.     Interferons (IFNs) are key cytokines identified in vertebrates and evolutionary dominance of intronless IFN genes in amniotes is a signature event in IFN evolution. For the first …             Nitrogen deposition may enhance soil carbon storage via change of soil respiration dynamic during a spring freeze-thaw cycle period ▶     Guoyong Yan, Yajuan Xing, Lijian Xu et al.     As crucial terrestrial ecosystems, temperate forests play an important role in global soil carbon dioxide flux, and this process can be sensitive to atmospheric nitrogen …             Insights into Campylobacter jejuni colonization and enteritis using a novel infant rabbit model ▶     Yuwei Shang, Fangzhe Ren, Zhaojun Song et al.     A lack of relevant disease models for Campylobacter jejuni has long been an obstacle to research into this common enteric pathogen. Here we used an infant rabbit to study C. …             Manganese Phosphate Self-assembled Nanoparticle Surface and Its application for Superoxide Anion Detection ▶     Xiaohui Shen, Qi Wang, Yuhong Liu et al.     Quantitative analysis of superoxide anion (O2·−) has increasing importance considering its potential damages to organism. Herein, a novel Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mimics, …             The synchronization of neuronal oscillators determined by the directed network structure of the suprachiasmatic nucleus under different photoperiods ▶     Changgui Gu, Ming Tang, Huijie Yang     The main function of the principal clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of mammals is synchronizing the body rhythms to the 24 h light-dark cycle. Additionally, the …             Impact of dietary resistant starch type 4 on human gut microbiota and immunometabolic functions ▶     Bijaya Upadhyaya, Lacey McCormack, Ali Reza Fardin-Kia et al.     Dietary modulation of the gut microbiota impacts human health. Here we investigated the hitherto unknown effects of resistant starch type 4 (RS4) enriched diet on gut microbiota …             Exploring pig trade patterns to inform the design of risk-based disease surveillance and control strategies ▶     C. Guinat, A. Relun, B. Wall et al.     An understanding of the patterns of animal contact networks provides essential information for the design of risk-based animal disease surveillance and control strategies. This …             Systemic desensitization through TRPA1 channels by capsazepine and mustard oil - a novel strategy against inflammation and pain ▶     Katrin Kistner, Norbert Siklosi, Alexandru Babes et al.     We demonstrate a novel dual strategy against inflammation and pain through body-wide desensitization of nociceptors via TRPA1. Attenuation of experimental colitis by capsazepine …             CRISPR-Mediated VHL Knockout Generates an Improved Model for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma ▶     Shiruyeh Schokrpur, Junhui Hu, Diana L. Moughon et al.     Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is nearly incurable and accounts for most of the mortality associated with RCC. Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) is a tumour suppressor that is lost …             Loss of cortactin causes endothelial barrier dysfunction via disturbed adrenomedullin secretion and actomyosin contractility ▶     Alexander García Ponce, Alí F. Citalán Madrid, Hilda Vargas Robles et al.     Changes in vascular permeability occur during inflammation and the actin cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in regulating endothelial cell contacts and permeability. We …             Human GV oocytes generated by mitotically active germ cells obtained from follicular aspirates ▶     Xinbao Ding, Guishu Liu, Bo Xu et al.     Human female germline stem cells (FGSCs) have opened new opportunities for understanding human oogenesis, delaying menopause, treating infertility, and providing a new strategy …             Transcriptome analysis revealed chimeric RNAs, single nucleotide polymorphisms and allele-specific expression in porcine prenatal skeletal muscle ▶     Yalan Yang, Zhonglin Tang, Xinhao Fan et al.     Prenatal skeletal muscle development genetically determines postnatal muscle characteristics such as growth and meat quality in pigs. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying …             The effect of silencing 20E biosynthesis relative genes by feeding bacterially expressed dsRNA on the larval development of Chilo suppressalis ▶     Jian Zhu, Yong-Cheng Dong, Ping Li et al.     RNA interference (RNAi) is a robust tool to study gene functions as well as potential for insect pest control. Finding suitable target genes is the key step in the development of …             DNA signals at isoform promoters ▶     Zhiming Dai, Yuanyan Xiong, Xianhua Dai     Transcriptional heterogeneity is extensive in the genome, and most genes express variable transcript isoforms. However, whether variable transcript isoforms of one gene are …             Expression and purification of the modification-dependent restriction enzyme BisI and its homologous enzymes ▶     Shuang-yong Xu, Pernelle Klein, Sergey Kh. Degtyarev et al.     The methylation-dependent restriction endonuclease (REase) BisI (Gm5C ↓ NGC) is found in Bacillus subtilis T30. We expressed and purified the BisI endonuclease and 34 BisI …             Extrinsic allospecific signals of hematopoietic origin dictate iNKT cell lineage-fate decisions during development ▶     Beverly S. I. Strong, Tess J. Newkold, Amanda E. Lee et al.     Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are critical to the maintenance of tolerance toward alloantigens encountered during postnatal life pointing to the existence of a process for …             Multifunction Sr, Co and F co-doped microporous coating on titanium of antibacterial, angiogenic and osteogenic activities ▶     Jianhong Zhou, Lingzhou Zhao     Advanced multifunction titanium (Ti) based bone implant with antibacterial, angiogenic and osteogenic activities is stringently needed in clinic, which may be accomplished via …             Use of fluorescent nanoparticles to investigate nutrient acquisition by developing Eimeria maxima macrogametocytes ▶     Sonja Frölich, Michael Wallach     The enteric disease coccidiosis, caused by the unicellular parasite Eimeria, is a major and reoccurring problem for the poultry industry. While the molecular machinery driving …             The dynamics of the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) from 2005 to 2012 in Shenzhen, China ▶     Jin Zhao, Lin Chen, Antoine Chaillon et al.     HIV-1 epidemics among MSM are a major public health concern in China, especially in large cities. This study sought to better understand the dynamics of HIV molecular …             Two homologous host proteins interact with potato virus X RNAs and CPs and affect viral replication and movement ▶     Hoseong Choi, Won Kyong Cho, Kook-Hyung Kim     Because viruses encode only a small number of proteins, all steps of virus infection rely on specific interactions between viruses and hosts. We previously screened several …             CXCL16 Deficiency Attenuates Renal Injury and Fibrosis in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension ▶     Hua Liang, Zhiheng Ma, Hui Peng et al.     Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertensive kidney disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of inflammation are not …             Intranasal Administration of Chitosan Against Influenza A (H7N9) Virus Infection in a Mouse Model ▶     Mei Zheng, Di Qu, Haiming Wang et al.     Influenza virus evolves constantly in an unpredictable fashion, making it necessary to vaccinate people annually for effective prevention and control of influenza. In general, …             ASXL1 plays an important role in erythropoiesis ▶     Hui Shi, Shohei Yamamoto, Mengyao Sheng et al.     ASXL1 mutations are found in a spectrum of myeloid malignancies with poor prognosis. Recently, we reported that Asxl1+/− mice develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or MDS and …             Biochemical evidence for relaxed substrate specificity of Nα-acetyltransferase (Rv3420c/rimI) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Deepika Pathak, Aadil Hussain Bhat, Vandana Sapehia et al.     Nα-acetylation is a naturally occurring irreversible modification of N-termini of proteins catalyzed by Nα-acetyltransferases (NATs). Although present in all three domains of …             Transcriptome profiling of the rat retina after optic nerve transection ▶     Masayuki Yasuda, Yuji Tanaka, Kazuko Omodaka et al.     Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases characterized by alterations in the contour of the optic nerve head (ONH), with corresponding visual field defects and progressive loss of …             Dynamic functional characterization and phylogenetic changes due to Long Chain Fatty Acids pulses in biogas reactors ▶     Panagiotis G. Kougias, Laura Treu, Stefano Campanaro et al.     The process stability of biogas plants is often deteriorated by the accumulation of Long Chain Fatty Acids (LCFA). The microbial community shifts due to LCFA disturbances have …             Comparative genomics analysis of the companion mechanisms of Bacillus thuringiensis Bc601 and Bacillus endophyticus Hbe603 in bacterial consortium ▶     Nan Jia, Ming-Zhu Ding, Feng Gao et al.     Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus endophyticus both act as the companion bacteria, which cooperate with Ketogulonigenium vulgare in vitamin C two-step fermentation. Two Bacillus…             Predator foraging altitudes reveal the structure of aerial insect communities ▶     Jackson A. Helms, Aaron P. Godfrey, Tayna Ames et al.     The atmosphere is populated by a diverse array of dispersing insects and their predators. We studied aerial insect communities by tracking the foraging altitudes of an avian …             DNA barcoding, species-specific PCR and real-time PCR techniques for the identification of six Tribolium pests of stored products ▶     Tao Zhang, Yi-Jiao Wang, Wei Guo et al.     Flour beetles of the genus Tribolium Macleay (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are important stored product pests in China and worldwide. They are often found or are intercepted in …             Protein-directed synthesis of highly monodispersed, spherical gold nanoparticles and their applications in multidimensional sensing ▶     Yumin Leng, Ling Fu, Liqun Ye et al.     An in-situ reduction method has been reported to prepare gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of 40–110 nm by using the green reducing agents of proteins, which are activated by H2O2 and …             Next generation sequencing based identification of disease-associated mutations in Swiss patients with retinal dystrophies ▶     Amit Tiwari, Angela Bahr, Luzy Bähr et al.     Inherited monogenic diseases of the retina and vitreous affect approximately 1 in 2000 individuals. They are characterized by tremendous genetic heterogeneity and clinical …             Cargo binding promotes KDEL receptor clustering at the mammalian cell surface ▶     Björn Becker, M. Reza Shaebani, Domenik Rammo et al.     Transmembrane receptor clustering is a ubiquitous phenomenon in pro- and eukaryotic cells to physically sense receptor/ligand interactions and subsequently translate an exogenous …             Efficient production of multi-modified pigs for xenotransplantation by ‘combineering’, gene stacking and gene editing ▶     Konrad Fischer, Simone Kraner-Scheiber, Björn Petersen et al.     Xenotransplantation from pigs could alleviate the shortage of human tissues and organs for transplantation. Means have been identified to overcome hyperacute rejection and acute …             Cyclophilin A protects mice against infection by influenza A virus ▶     Jing Li, Can Chen, Gary Wong et al.     Our previous studies indicate that Cyclophilin A (CypA) impairs the replication of influenza A virus in vitro. To further evaluate the antiviral functions of CypA and explore its …             Evolutionary inactivation of a sialidase in group B Streptococcus ▶     Masaya Yamaguchi, Yujiro Hirose, Masanobu Nakata et al.     Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of bacterial sepsis and meningitis in newborns. GBS possesses a protein with homology to the pneumococcal virulence factor, NanA, …             A metagenomic-based survey of microbial (de)halogenation potential in a German forest soil ▶     Pascal Weigold, Mohamed El-Hadidi, Alexander Ruecker et al.     In soils halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) are cycled through the transformation of inorganic halides into organohalogen compounds and vice versa. There is evidence …             Two different mechanisms mediate chemotaxis to inorganic phosphate in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Miriam Rico-Jiménez, Jose Antonio Reyes-Darias, Álvaro Ortega et al.     Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a central signaling molecule that modulates virulence in various pathogens. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, low Pi concentrations induce transcriptional …             NMR Characterization of Information Flow and Allosteric Communities in the MAP Kinase p38γ ▶     Phillip C. Aoto, Bryan T. Martin, Peter E. Wright     The intramolecular network structure of a protein provides valuable insights into allosteric sites and communication pathways. However, a straightforward method to …             The infectious BAC genomic DNA expression library: a high capacity vector system for functional genomics ▶     Michele M. P. Lufino, Pauline A. H. Edser, Michael A. Quail et al.     Gene dosage plays a critical role in a range of cellular phenotypes, yet most cellular expression systems use heterologous cDNA-based vectors which express proteins well above …             MRA_1571 is required for isoleucine biosynthesis and improves Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra survival under stress ▶     Rishabh Sharma, Deepa Keshari, Kumar Sachin Singh et al.     Threonine dehydratase is a pyridoxal 5-phosphate dependent enzyme required for isoleucine biosynthesis. Threonine dehydratase (IlvA) participates in conversion of threonine to …             A newly discovered member of the Atlastin family, BmAtlastin-n, has an antiviral effect against BmNPV in Bombyx mori ▶     Tai-hang Liu, Xiao-long Dong, Cai-xia Pan et al.     Atlastin is a member of the dynamin protein superfamily and it can mediate homotypic fusion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes, which is required for many biological …             Common molecular mechanism of amyloid pore formation by Alzheimer’s β-amyloid peptide and α-synuclein ▶     Coralie Di Scala, Nouara Yahi, Sonia Boutemeur et al.     Calcium-permeable pores formed by small oligomers of amyloid proteins are the primary pathologic species in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. However, the molecular …             Membrane protein assembly: two cytoplasmic phosphorylated serine sites of Vpu from HIV-1 affect oligomerization ▶     Chin-Pei Chen, Meng-Han Lin, Ya-Ting Chan et al.     Viral protein (Vpu) encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a short integral membrane protein which is known to self-assemble within the lipid membrane and …             Vulnerability of the peatland carbon sink to sea-level rise ▶     Alex Whittle, Angela V. Gallego-Sala     Freshwater peatlands are carbon accumulating ecosystems where primary production exceeds organic matter decomposition rates in the soil, and therefore perform an important sink …             Integrating roots into a whole plant network of flowering time genes in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Frédéric Bouché, Maria D’Aloia, Pierre Tocquin et al.     Molecular data concerning the involvement of roots in the genetic pathways regulating floral transition are lacking. In this study, we performed global analyses of the root …             Network Modeling Identifies Patient-specific Pathways in Glioblastoma ▶     Nurcan Tuncbag, Pamela Milani, Jenny L. Pokorny et al.     Glioblastoma is the most aggressive type of malignant human brain tumor. Molecular profiling experiments have revealed that these tumors are extremely heterogeneous. This …             The actin crosslinking protein palladin modulates force generation and mechanosensitivity of tumor associated fibroblasts ▶     Mikheil Azatov, Silvia M. Goicoechea, Carol A. Otey et al.     Cells organize actin filaments into higher-order structures by regulating the composition, distribution and concentration of actin crosslinkers. Palladin is an actin crosslinker …             Discovery and identification of candidate genes from the chitinase gene family for Verticillium dahliae resistance in cotton ▶     Jun Xu, Xiaoyang Xu, Liangliang Tian et al.     Verticillium dahliae, a destructive and soil-borne fungal pathogen, causes massive losses in cotton yields. However, the resistance mechanism to V. dahilae in cotton is still …             High-throughput sequencing reveals differential regulation of miRNAs in fenoxaprop-P-ethyl-resistant Beckmannia syzigachne ▶     Lang Pan, Zhaoyun Wang, Jia Cai et al.     Non-target site resistance (NTSR) to herbicides is an increasing concern for weed control. The majority of previous studies have focused on metabolic resistance mechanisms of …             Genome-wide characterization of the β-1,3-glucanase gene family in Gossypium by comparative analysis ▶     Xiaoyang Xu, Yue Feng, Shuai Fang et al.     The β-1,3-glucanase gene family is involved in a wide range of plant developmental processes as well as pathogen defense mechanisms. Comprehensive analyses of β-1,3-glucanase …             A fossil Diploglossus (Squamata, Anguidae) lizard from Basse-Terre and Grande-Terre Islands (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) ▶     Corentin Bochaton, Renaud Boistel, Fabrice Casagrande et al.     Today, Diploglossine lizards (Anguidae) are common on the Greater Antillean Islands (West Indies), where they are represented by many endemic species. However these lizards are …             Growth differentiation factor-15 promotes glutamate release in medial prefrontal cortex of mice through upregulation of T-type calcium channels ▶     Dong-Dong Liu, Jun-Mei Lu, Qian-Ru Zhao et al.     Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has been implicated in ischemic brain injury and synapse development, but its involvement in modulating neuronal excitability and …             Cellular responses to HSV-1 infection are linked to specific types of alterations in the host transcriptome ▶     Benxia Hu, Xin Li, Yongxia Huo et al.     Pathogen invasion triggers a number of cellular responses and alters the host transcriptome. Here we report that the type of changes to cellular transcriptome is related to the …             Site-specific covalent modifications of human insulin by catechol estrogens: Reactivity and induced structural and functional changes ▶     Ming-Chun Ku, Chieh-Ming Fang, Juei-Tang Cheng et al.     Proteins, covalently modified by catechol estrogens (CEs), were identified recently from the blood serum of diabetic patients and referred to as estrogenized proteins. …             Osteopontin deficiency reduces kidney damage from hypercholesterolemia in Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice ▶     Zouwei Pei, Takafumi Okura, Tomoaki Nagao et al.     Hypercholesterolemia is a well-established risk factor for kidney injury, which can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Osteopontin (OPN) has been implicated in the pathology …             Ecological determinants of mean family age of angiosperm trees in forest communities in China ▶     Hong Qian, Shengbin Chen     Species assemblage in a local community is determined by the interplay of evolutionary and ecological processes. The Tropical Niche Conservatism hypothesis proposes mechanisms …             Molecular characterization of woodchuck IFI16 and AIM2 and their expression in woodchucks infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) ▶     Qi Yan, Mengmeng Li, Qin Liu et al.     IFI16 and AIM2 are important DNA sensors in antiviral immunity. To characterize these two molecules in a woodchuck model, which is widely used to study hepatitis B virus (HBV) …             Identification and expression profiles of neuropeptides and their G protein-coupled receptors in the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis ▶     Gang Xu, Gui-Xiang Gu, Zi-Wen Teng et al.     In insects, neuropeptides play important roles in the regulation of multiple physiological processes by binding to their corresponding receptors, which are primarily G …             Historical and contemporary factors generate unique butterfly communities on islands ▶     Raluca Vodă, Leonardo Dapporto, Vlad Dincă et al.     The mechanisms shaping island biotas are not yet well understood mostly because of a lack of studies comparing eco-evolutionary fingerprints over entire taxonomic groups. Here, …             Metal-Free C–H Alkyliminylation and Acylation of Alkenes with Secondary Amides ▶     Pei-Qiang Huang, Ying-Hong Huang, Hui Geng et al.     Carbon–carbon bond formation by metal-free cross-coupling of two reactants with low reactivity represents a challenge in organic synthesis. Secondary amides and alkenes are two …             Projected asymmetric response of Adélie penguins to Antarctic climate change ▶     Megan A. Cimino, Heather J. Lynch, Vincent S. Saba et al.     The contribution of climate change to shifts in a species’ geographic distribution is a critical and often unresolved ecological question. Climate change in Antarctica is …             Maraviroc Reduces Arterial Stiffness in PI-Treated HIV-infected Patients ▶     Stefania Piconi, Daria Pocaterra, Veronica Rainone et al.     The Δ32-CCR5 deletion of the CCR5 receptor is protective toward coronary artery pathology and myocardial infarction. Maraviroc (MVC), a CCR5 antagonist, was recently introduced …             Pharmacological targeting of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in human erythrocytes by Bay 11–7082, parthenolide and dimethyl fumarate ▶     Mehrdad Ghashghaeinia, Daniela Giustarini, Pavla Koralkova et al.     In mature erythrocytes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) yield NADPH, a crucial cofactor of the enzyme glutathione reductase …             Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake rates of different species from a coral reef community after a nutrient pulse ▶     Joost den Haan, Jef Huisman, Hannah J. Brocke et al.     Terrestrial runoff after heavy rainfall can increase nutrient concentrations in waters overlying coral reefs that otherwise experience low nutrient levels. Field measurements …             Informational laws of genome structures ▶     Vincenzo Bonnici, Vincenzo Manca     In recent years, the analysis of genomes by means of strings of length k occurring in the genomes, called k-mers, has provided important insights into the basic mechanisms and …             Lactobacillus crispatus inhibits the infectivity of Chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies, in vitro study ▶     Paola Nardini, Rogers Alberto Ñahui Palomino, Carola Parolin et al.     Lactobacillus species dominate the vaginal microbiota of healthy reproductive-age women and protect the genitourinary tract from the attack of several infectious agents. …             Disturbance-specific social responses in long-finned pilot whales, Globicephala melas ▶     Fleur Visser, Charlotte Curé, Petter H. Kvadsheim et al.     Social interactions among animals can influence their response to disturbance. We investigated responses of long-finned pilot whales to killer whale sound playbacks and two …             Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate experimental rheumatoid arthritis through microRNA-regulated IκB expression ▶     Xin Yan, Yurong Cen, Qin Wang     Previous studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation reduces the severity of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice, which is a model for …             Synthetic small molecule GLP-1 secretagogues prepared by means of a three-component indole annulation strategy ▶     Oleg G. Chepurny, Colin A. Leech, Martin Tomanik et al.     Rational assembly of small molecule libraries for purposes of drug discovery requires an efficient approach in which the synthesis of bioactive compounds is enabled so that …             Anti-tumor effect of β-glucan from Lentinus edodes and the underlying mechanism ▶     Hui Xu, Siwei Zou, Xiaojuan Xu et al.     β-Glucans are well known for its various bioactivities, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. This study focuses on the anti-tumor effect and the potential …             Autism phenotypes in ZnT3 null mice: Involvement of zinc dyshomeostasis, MMP-9 activation and BDNF upregulation ▶     Min Heui Yoo, Tae-Youn Kim, Young Hee Yoon et al.     To investigate the role of synaptic zinc in the ASD pathogenesis, we examined zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) null mice. At 4–5 weeks of age, male but not female ZnT3 null mice …             The calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 is an important modulator of hepatic injury ▶     Linda Sevelsted Møller, Annette Dam Fialla, Robert Schierwagen et al.     The calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 controls different cellular processes such as proliferation and volume homeostasis. We investigated the role of KCa3.1 in …             Enlarged colitogenic T cell population paradoxically supports colitis prevention through the B-lymphocyte-dependent peripheral generation of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells ▶     Fábio Barrozo do Canto, Sylvia Maria Nicolau Campos, Alessandra Granato et al.     Intestinal inflammation can be induced by the reconstitution of T/B cell-deficient mice with low numbers of CD4+ T lymphocytes depleted of CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg). …             SARS Coronavirus Fusion Peptide-Derived Sequence Suppresses Collagen-Induced Arthritis in DBA/1J Mice ▶     Zu T. Shen, Alexander B. Sigalov     During the co-evolution of viruses and their hosts, the viruses have evolved numerous strategies to counter and evade host antiviral immune responses in order to establish a …             A new strategy for exploring the hierarchical structure of cancers by adaptively partitioning functional modules from gene expression network ▶     Junmei Xu, Runyu Jing, Yuan Liu et al.     The interactions among the genes within a disease are helpful for better understanding the hierarchical structure of the complex biological system of it. Most of the current …             Novel Therapeutic Effects of Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma for Muscle Regeneration and Differentiation ▶     Jae Won Choi, Sung Un Kang, Yang Eun Kim et al.     Skeletal muscle can repair muscle tissue damage, but significant loss of muscle tissue or its long-lasting chronic degeneration makes injured skeletal muscle tissue difficult to …             Behavioral and neurophysiological evidence for increased cognitive flexibility in late childhood ▶     Nicole Wolff, Veit Roessner, Christian Beste     Executive functions, like the capacity to control and organize thoughts and behavior, develop from childhood to young adulthood. Although task switching and working memory …             A history-based method to estimate animal preference ▶     Caroline Marques Maia, Gilson Luiz Volpato     Giving animals their preferred items (e.g., environmental enrichment) has been suggested as a method to improve animal welfare, thus raising the question of how to determine what …             BC1 RNA motifs required for dendritic transport in vivo ▶     Thomas Robeck, Boris V. Skryabin, Timofey S. Rozhdestvensky et al.     BC1 RNA is a small brain specific non-protein coding RNA. It is transported from the cell body into dendrites where it is involved in the fine-tuning translational control. Due …             Functional map of arrestin binding to phosphorylated opsin, with and without agonist ▶     Christian Peterhans, Ciara C. M. Lally, Martin K. Ostermaier et al.     Arrestins desensitize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and act as mediators of signalling. Here we investigated the interactions of arrestin-1 with two functionally distinct …             Characterization, correction and de novo assembly of an Oxford Nanopore genomic dataset from Agrobacterium tumefaciens ▶     Stéphane Deschamps, Joann Mudge, Connor Cameron et al.     The MinION is a portable single-molecule DNA sequencing instrument that was released by Oxford Nanopore Technologies in 2014, producing long sequencing reads by measuring changes …             Central tendency effects in time interval reproduction in autism ▶     Themelis Karaminis, Guido Marco Cicchini, Louise Neil et al.     Central tendency, the tendency of judgements of quantities (lengths, durations etc.) to gravitate towards their mean, is one of the most robust perceptual effects. A Bayesian …             Herpes simplex virus 1 induces egress channels through marginalized host chromatin ▶     Markko Myllys, Visa Ruokolainen, Vesa Aho et al.     Lytic infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) induces profound modification of the cell nucleus including formation of a viral replication compartment and chromatin …             Electroacupuncture ameliorates memory impairments by enhancing oligodendrocyte regeneration in a mouse model of prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion ▶     Sung Min Ahn, Yu Ri Kim, Ha Neui Kim et al.     We modeled prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion in mice using bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) and electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation was applied at two acupoints, …             The LIKE SEX FOUR2 regulates root development by modulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis in Arabidopsis ▶     Pingzhi Zhao, Lubomir N. Sokolov, Jian Ye et al.     Maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis plays a central role in plants, and is also critical for plant root development. Threshold levels of ROS act as signals for …             Soil Potassium Deficiency Reduces Cotton Fiber Strength by Accelerating and Shortening Fiber Development ▶     Jia-Shuo Yang, Wei Hu, Wenqing Zhao et al.     Low potassium (K)-induced premature senescence in cotton has been observed worldwide, but how it affects cotton fiber properties remain unclear. We hypothesized that K deficiency …             Discriminating the Independent Influence of Cell Adhesion and Spreading Area on Stem Cell Fate Determination Using Micropatterned Surfaces ▶     Xinlong Wang, Xiaohong Hu, Ida Dulińska-Molak et al.     Adhesion and spreading are essential processes of anchorage dependent cells involved in regulation of cell functions. Cells interact with their extracellular matrix (ECM) …             Environmental and Pharmacological Manipulations Blunt the Stress Response of Zebrafish in a Similar Manner ▶     Ana Cristina V. V. Giacomini, Murilo S. Abreu, Rodrigo Zanandrea et al.     Here we provide evidence that both pharmacological and environmental manipulations similarly blunt the cortisol release in response to an acute stressor in adult zebrafish. …             Ethoxyquin provides neuroprotection against cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity ▶     Jing Zhu, Valentina Alda Carozzi, Nicole Reed et al.     Ethoxyquin was recently identified as a neuroprotective compound against toxic neuropathies and efficacy was demonstrated against paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity in vivo. In …             Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1152 is a Novel GntR Family Transcriptional Regulator Involved in Intrinsic Vancomycin Resistance and is a Potential Vancomycin Adjuvant Target ▶     Jie Zeng, Wanyan Deng, Wenmin Yang et al.     Novel factors involved in Mycobacteria antibiotics resistance are crucial for better targets to combat the ever-increasing drug resistant strains. Mycobacterium tuberculosis …             Epigenetic repression of ribosomal RNA transcription by ROCK-dependent aberrant cytoskeletal organization ▶     Tse-Hsiang Wu, Yuan-Yeh Kuo, Hsiao-Hui Lee et al.     It is known that ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis is regulated by cellular energy and proliferation status. In this study, we investigated rRNA gene transcription in response to …             Guanine-rich sequences inhibit proofreading DNA polymerases ▶     Xiao-Jing Zhu, Shuhui Sun, Binghua Xie et al.     DNA polymerases with proofreading activity are important for accurate amplification of target DNA. Despite numerous efforts have been made to improve the proofreading DNA …             WISP1-αvβ3 integrin signaling positively regulates TLR-triggered inflammation response in sepsis induced lung injury ▶     Zhixia Chen, Xibing Ding, Shuqing Jin et al.     We recently noted that the matricellular protein WISP1 contributes to sepsis induced acute lung injury (ALI) via integrin β6. In the current study, we pursued further aspects of …             Long Non-coding RNA H19 Inhibits Adipocyte Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Epigenetic Modulation of Histone Deacetylases ▶     Yiping Huang, Yunfei Zheng, Chanyuan Jin et al.     Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) exhibit an increased propensity toward adipocyte differentiation accompanied by a reduction in osteogenesis in osteoporotic bone …             Human TRPA1 is a heat sensor displaying intrinsic U-shaped thermosensitivity ▶     Lavanya Moparthi, Tatjana I. Kichko, Mirjam Eberhardt et al.     Thermosensitive Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are believed to respond to either cold or heat. In the case of TRP subtype A1 (TRPA1), there seems to be a …             Association of single nucleotide polymorphism rs3803662 with the risk of breast cancer ▶     Yuan Yang, Wenjing Wang, Guiyou Liu et al.     Large scale association studies have identified the single nucleotide polymorphism rs3803662 associated with breast cancer risk. However, the sample size of most studies is too …             Urbilaterian origin of paralogous GnRH and corazonin neuropeptide signalling pathways ▶     Shi Tian, Meet Zandawala, Isabel Beets et al.     Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key regulator of reproductive maturation in humans and other vertebrates. Homologs of GnRH and its cognate receptor have been …             Downregulation of stathmin 1 in human gallbladder carcinoma inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo ▶     Jiwen Wang, Yanli Yao, Yue Ming et al.     Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a highly lethal malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite extensive research, the underlying molecular mechanism of GBC remains largely …             Adaptation to second order stimulus features by electrosensory neurons causes ambiguity ▶     Zhubo D. Zhang, Maurice J. Chacron     Understanding the coding strategies used to process sensory input remains a central problem in neuroscience. Growing evidence suggests that sensory systems process natural …             RIG-I inhibits pancreatic β cell proliferation through competitive binding of activated Src ▶     Yi Pan, GuangMing Li, HengGao Zhong et al.     Nutrition is a necessary condition for cell proliferation, including pancreatic β cells; however, over-nutrition, and the resulting obesity and glucolipotoxicity, is a risk …             Virus-derived small RNAs in the penaeid shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis during acute infection of the DNA virus WSSV ▶     Chengzhang Liu, Fuhua Li, Yumiao Sun et al.     Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are two classes of small RNAs (sRNAs) that are critical for virus-host interplay via the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. …             Mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-M) and serine biosynthetic pathway genes are co-ordinately increased during anabolic agent-induced skeletal muscle growth ▶     D. M. Brown, H. Williams, K. J. P. Ryan et al.     We aimed to identify novel molecular mechanisms for muscle growth during administration of anabolic agents. Growing pigs (Duroc/(Landrace/Large-White)) were administered …             Formation and characteristics of biomimetic mineralo-organic particles in natural surface water ▶     Cheng-Yeu Wu, Jan Martel, Tsui-Yin Wong et al.     Recent studies have shown that nanoparticles exist in environmental water but the formation, characteristics and fate of such particles remain incompletely understood. We show …             Sol-gel synthesis of thorn-like ZnO nanoparticles endorsing mechanical stirring effect and their antimicrobial activities: Potential role as nano-antibiotics ▶     Mohd Farhan Khan, Akhter H. Ansari, M. Hameedullah et al.     The effect of mechanical stirring on sol-gel synthesis of thorn-like ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and antimicrobial activities is successfully reported in this study. The in-house …             High Fat Diets Induce Colonic Epithelial Cell Stress and Inflammation that is Reversed by IL-22 ▶     Max Gulhane, Lydia Murray, Rohan Lourie et al.     Prolonged high fat diets (HFD) induce low-grade chronic intestinal inflammation in mice, and diets high in saturated fat are a risk factor for the development of human …             Mycobacteriophage SWU1 gp39 can potentiate multiple antibiotics against Mycobacterium via altering the cell wall permeability ▶     Qiming Li, Mingliang Zhou, Xiangyu Fan et al.     M. tuberculosis is intrinsically tolerant to many antibiotics largely due to the imperviousness of its unusual mycolic acid-containing cell wall to most antimicrobials. The …             Pubertal development in healthy children is mirrored by DNA methylation patterns in peripheral blood ▶     Kristian Almstrup, Marie Lindhardt Johansen, Alexander S. Busch et al.     Puberty marks numerous physiological processes which are initiated by central activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, followed by development of secondary sexual …             Heterologous expression of a rice miR395 gene in Nicotiana tabacum impairs sulfate homeostasis ▶     Ning Yuan, Shuangrong Yuan, Zhigang Li et al.     Sulfur participates in many important mechanisms and pathways of plant development. The most common source of sulfur in soil –SO42−– is absorbed into root tissue and distributed …             Identification of SLC41A3 as a novel player in magnesium homeostasis ▶     Jeroen H.F. de Baaij, Francisco J. Arjona, Michiel van den Brand et al.     Regulation of the body Mg2+ balance takes place in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), where transcellular reabsorption determines the final urinary Mg2+ excretion. The …             Can the co-cultivation of rice and fish help sustain rice production? ▶     Liangliang Hu, Jian Zhang, Weizheng Ren et al.     Because rice feeds half of the world’s population, a secure global food supply depends on sustainable rice production. Here we test whether the co-cultivation of rice and fish …             Plasma proteomic analysis of stable coronary artery disease indicates impairment of reverse cholesterol pathway ▶     Trayambak Basak, Vinay Singh Tanwar, Gourav Bhardwaj et al.     Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the largest causes of death worldwide yet the traditional risk factors, although useful in identifying people at high risk, lack the …             Label Distribution in Tissues of Wheat Seedlings Cultivated with Tritium-Labeled Leonardite Humic Acid ▶     Natalia A. Kulikova, Dmitry P. Abroskin, Gennady A. Badun et al.     Humic substances (HS) play important roles in the biotic-abiotic interactions of the root plant and soil contributing to plant adaptation to external environments. However, their …             Azithromycin induces anti-viral effects in cultured bronchial epithelial cells from COPD patients ▶     Mandy Menzel, Hamid Akbarshahi, Leif Bjermer et al.     Rhinovirus infection is a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and may contribute to the development into severe stages of COPD. The …             Insights into Intrinsic Brain Networks based on Graph Theory and PET in right- compared to left-sided Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ▶     Thomas Vanicek, Andreas Hahn, Tatjana Traub-Weidinger et al.     The human brain exhibits marked hemispheric differences, though it is not fully understood to what extent lateralization of the epileptic focus is relevant. Preoperative [18…             Bacterial evolution in PCD and CF patients follows the same mutational steps ▶     Lea M. Sommer, Mikkel Christian Alanin, Rasmus L. Marvig et al.     Infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa increase morbidity in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Both diseases are associated with a defect of the …             The H3K9 methyltransferase Setdb1 regulates TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses in macrophages ▶     Rumi Hachiya, Takuya Shiihashi, Ibuki Shirakawa et al.     Proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages involves multiple regulatory mechanisms, which are affected by environmental and intrinsic stress. In particular, accumulating …             New insights about pilus formation in gut-adapted Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG from the crystal structure of the SpaA backbone-pilin subunit ▶     Priyanka Chaurasia, Shivendra Pratap, Ingemar von Ossowski et al.     Thus far, all solved structures of pilin-proteins comprising sortase-assembled pili are from pathogenic genera and species. Here, we present the first crystal structure of a …             Integrative Network-based Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Genome Wide Expression in Glioblastoma multiforme ▶     Dieter Henrik Heiland, Irina Mader, Pascal Schlosser et al.     The goal of this study was to identify correlations between metabolites from proton MR spectroscopy and genetic pathway activity in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Twenty patients …             Stereotactic Comparison Study of 18F-Alfatide and 18F-FDG PET Imaging in an LLC Tumor-Bearing C57BL/6 Mouse Model ▶     Yu-Chun Wei, Yongsheng Gao, Jianbo Zhang et al.     This study aimed to stereotactically compare the PET imaging performance of 18F-Alfatide (18F-ALF-NOTA-PRGD2, denoted as 18F-Alfatide) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and …             (-)-SCR1693 Protects against Memory Impairment and Hippocampal Damage in a Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rat Model ▶     Xiaoyin Zhu, Jingwei Tian, Songmei Sun et al.     Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is one of the most common causes of vascular dementia (VaD) and is recognised as an etiological factor in the development of Alzheimer’s …             Spontaneous mutations in Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from streptococcal toxic shock syndrome patients play roles in virulence ▶     Tadayoshi Ikebe, Takayuki Matsumura, Hisako Nihonmatsu et al.     Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus; GAS) is a widespread human pathogen and causes streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). STSS isolates have been previously shown …             Bisdemethoxycurcumin inhibits ovarian cancer via reducing oxidative stress mediated MMPs expressions ▶     Haifeng Pei, Yi Yang, Lin Cui et al.     As one main active compound of curcuminoids, Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) possesses several biological activities, such as anti-inflammation and anti-cancer activities. However, …             Metformin is a novel suppressor for transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 ▶     Han Xiao, Jianshu Zhang, Zhonghe Xu et al.     Metformin is a widely used first-line antidiabetic drug that has been shown to protect against a variety of specific diseases in addition to diabetes, including cardiovascular …             The impact of individual and combined abiotic factors on daily otolith growth in a coral reef fish ▶     Amelia S. Wenger, James Whinney, Brett Taylor et al.     Coral reefs are increasingly subjected to both local and global stressors, however, there is limited information on how reef organisms respond to their combined effects under …             Potential advantages of a novel chitosan-N-acetylcysteine surface modified nanostructured lipid carrier on the performance of ophthalmic delivery of curcumin ▶     Dandan Liu, Jinyu Li, Hao Pan et al.     The transient precorneal retention time and low penetration capacity into intraocular tissues are the key obstacles that hinder the ophthalmic drug delivery of many therapeutic …             Cadherin 23-C Regulates Microtubule Networks by Modifying CAMSAP3’s Function ▶     Satoe Takahashi, Vincent J. Mui, Samuel K. Rosenberg et al.     Cadherin-related 23 (CDH23) is an adhesive protein important for hearing and vision, while CAMSAP3/Marshalin is a microtubule (MT) minus-end binding protein that regulates MT …             Prenatal maternal stress and wheeze in children: novel insights into epigenetic regulation ▶     Saskia Trump, Matthias Bieg, Zuguang Gu et al.     Psychological stress during pregnancy increases the risk of childhood wheeze and asthma. However, the transmitting mechanisms remain largely unknown. Since epigenetic alterations …             Prolonged Culture of Aligned Skeletal Myotubes on Micromolded Gelatin Hydrogels ▶     Archana Bettadapur, Gio C. Suh, Nicholas A. Geisse et al.     In vitro models of skeletal muscle are critically needed to elucidate disease mechanisms, identify therapeutic targets, and test drugs pre-clinically. However, culturing skeletal …             Phosphocholine – an agonist of metabotropic but not of ionotropic functions of α9-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ▶     K. Richter, V. Mathes, M. Fronius et al.     We demonstrated previously that phosphocholine and phosphocholine-modified macromolecules efficiently inhibit ATP-dependent release of interleukin-1β from human and murine …             In vitro and in vivo study of epigallocatechin-3-gallate-induced apoptosis in aerobic glycolytic hepatocellular carcinoma cells involving inhibition of phosphofructokinase activity ▶     Sainan Li, Liwei Wu, Jiao Feng et al.     Glycolysis, as an altered cancer cell-intrinsic metabolism, is an essential hallmark of cancer. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is a metabolic sensor in the glycolytic pathway, and …             Differential induction of muscle atrophy pathways in two mouse models of spinal muscular atrophy ▶     Marc-Olivier Deguise, Justin G. Boyer, Emily R. McFall et al.     Motor neuron loss and neurogenic atrophy are hallmarks of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a leading genetic cause of infant deaths. 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