Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 5 July 2016

05 July 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports       Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences         Biological Sciences ▲ top               Corrigendum: The changing shape of vaccination: improving immune responses through geometrical variations of a microdevice for immunization ▶     Michael Lawrence Crichton, David Alexander Muller, Alexandra Christina Isabelle Depelsenaire et al.                 Observations of movement dynamics of flying insects using high resolution lidar ▶     Carsten Kirkeby, Maren Wellenreuther, Mikkel Brydegaard     Insects are fundamental to ecosystem functioning and biodiversity, yet the study of insect movement, dispersal and activity patterns remains a challenge. Here we present results …             Molecular cloning, expression and the adjuvant effects of interleukin-8 of channel catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) against Streptococcus iniae ▶     Erlong Wang, Jun Wang, Bo Long et al.     Interleukin-8 (IL-8) as an important cytokine involving in inflammatory and immune response, has been studied as effective adjuvants for vaccines in mammals. However, there are …             Integrated Electrowetting Nanoinjector for Single Cell Transfection ▶     Elaheh Shekaramiz, Ganeshkumar Varadarajalu, Philip J. Day et al.     Single cell transfection techniques are essential to understand the heterogeneity between cells. We have developed an integrated electrowetting nanoinjector (INENI) to transfect …             Molecular characterization and analysis of high-level multidrug-resistance of Shigella flexneri serotype 4s strains from China ▶     Chaojie Yang, Peng Li, Xiujuan Zhang et al.     To conduct the first comprehensive analysis of Shigella flexneri serotype 4s, a novel serotype found in 2010, we identified 24 serotype 4s isolates from 1973 shigellosis cases in …             High-speed atomic force microscopy reveals strongly polarized movement of clostridial collagenase along collagen fibrils ▶     Takahiro Watanabe-Nakayama, Masahiro Itami, Noriyuki Kodera et al.     Bacterial collagenases involved in donor infection are widely applied in many fields due to their high activity and specificity; however, little is known regarding the mechanisms …             Corrigendum: Graphene Oxide promotes embryonic stem cell differentiation to haematopoietic lineage ▶     Eva Garcia-Alegria, Maria Iliut, Monika Stefanska et al.                 Sharp temporal tuning in the bat auditory midbrain overcomes spectral-temporal trade-off imposed by cochlear mechanics ▶     Silvio Macías, Julio C. Hechavarría, Manfred Kössl     In the cochlea of the mustached bat, cochlear resonance produces extremely sharp frequency tuning to the dominant frequency of the echolocation calls, around 61 kHz. Such high …             Identification of Novel FAM134B (JK1) Mutations in Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ▶     Md. Hakimul Haque, Vinod Gopalan, Kwok-wah Chan et al.     Mutation of FAM134B (Family with Sequence Similarity 134, Member B) leading to loss of function of its encoded Golgi protein and has been reported induce apoptosis in …             In situ characterization of protein aggregates in human tissues affected by light chain amyloidosis: a FTIR microspectroscopy study ▶     Diletta Ami, Francesca Lavatelli, Paola Rognoni et al.     Light chain (AL) amyloidosis, caused by deposition of amyloidogenic immunoglobulin light chains (LCs), is the most common systemic form in industrialized countries. Still open …             MiRNA-203 suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion in colorectal cancer via targeting of EIF5A2 ▶     Biao Deng, Bin Wang, Jiaqing Fang et al.     While it is known that miR-203 is frequently downregulated in many types of human cancer, little is known regarding its expression and functional role in colorectal cancer (CRC). …             RNA is an Adjuvanticity Mediator for the Lipid-Based Mucosal Adjuvant, Endocine ▶     Masayuki Hayashi, Taiki Aoshi, Koji Ozasa et al.     Nasal vaccination has the potential to elicit systemic and mucosal immunity against pathogens. However, split and subunit vaccines lack potency at stimulating mucosal immunity, …             Nanoscale imaging of untreated mammalian cells in a medium with low radiation damage using scanning electron-assisted dielectric microscopy ▶     Tomoko Okada, Toshihiko Ogura     Imaging of untreated living cells in a medium at a nanometre-scale resolution under physiological conditions is a significant challenge. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is …             Topical and Targeted Delivery of siRNAs to Melanoma Cells Using a Fusion Peptide Carrier ▶     Renquan Ruan, Ming Chen, Sijie Sun et al.     Topical application of siRNAs through the skin is a potentially effective strategy for the treatment of melanoma tumors. In this study, we designed a new and safe fusion peptide …             2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl Borate Potentiates CRAC Current by Directly Dilating the Pore of Open Orai1 ▶     Xiaolan Xu, Sher Ali, Yufeng Li et al.     2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) elicits potentiation current (Ip) on Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels. An accurate investigation into this modulation mechanism …             An Artificial Reaction Promoter Modulates Mitochondrial Functions via Chemically Promoting Protein Acetylation ▶     Yutaka Shindo, Hirokazu Komatsu, Kohji Hotta et al.     Acetylation, which modulates protein function, is an important process in intracellular signalling. In mitochondria, protein acetylation regulates a number of enzymatic …             ATRA modulates mechanical activation of TGF-β by pancreatic stellate cells ▶     Muge Sarper, Ernesto Cortes, Tyler J. Lieberthal et al.     The hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is abundant desmoplasia, which is orchestrated by pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and accounts for the majority of the …             A systematic High-Content Screening microscopy approach reveals key roles for Rab33b, OATL1 and Myo6 in nanoparticle trafficking in HeLa cells ▶     Angela Panarella, Mariana G. Bexiga, George Galea et al.     Synthetic nanoparticles are promising tools for imaging and drug delivery; however the molecular details of cellular internalization and trafficking await full characterization. …             Temporal windows of reproductive opportunity reinforce species barriers in a marine broadcast spawning assemblage ▶     Carla A. Monteiro, Cristina Paulino, Rita Jacinto et al.     Prezygotic isolating mechanisms act to limit hybridization and maintain the genetic identity of closely-related species. While synchronous intraspecific spawning is a common …             A novel role for pigment genes in the stress response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ▶     Uniza Wahid Khan, Øyvind Øverli, Patricia M. Hinkle et al.     In many vertebrate species visible melanin-based pigmentation patterns correlate with high stress- and disease-resistance, but proximate mechanisms for this trait association …             Metformin inhibits Branched Chain Amino Acid (BCAA) derived ketoacidosis and promotes metabolic homeostasis in MSUD ▶     Davis S. Sonnet, Monique N. O’Leary, Mark A. Gutierrez et al.     Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is an inherited disorder caused by the dysfunction in the branched chain keto-acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) enzyme. This leads to buildup of …             Habitat use of bats in relation to wind turbines revealed by GPS tracking ▶     Manuel Roeleke, Torsten Blohm, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt et al.     Worldwide, many countries aim at countering global climate change by promoting renewable energy. Yet, recent studies highlight that so-called green energy, such as wind energy, …             A Combinatorial Algorithm for Microbial Consortia Synthetic Design ▶     Alice Julien-Laferrière, Laurent Bulteau, Delphine Parrot et al.     Synthetic biology has boomed since the early 2000s when it started being shown that it was possible to efficiently synthetize compounds of interest in a much more rapid and …             Ecosystem experiment reveals benefits of natural and simulated beaver dams to a threatened population of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ▶     Nicolaas Bouwes, Nicholas Weber, Chris E. Jordan et al.     Beaver have been referred to as ecosystem engineers because of the large impacts their dam building activities have on the landscape; however, the benefits they may provide to …             Early hippocampal volume loss as a marker of eventual memory deficits caused by repeated stress ▶     Mohammed Mostafizur Rahman, Charlotte K. Callaghan, Christian M. Kerskens et al.     Exposure to severe and prolonged stress has detrimental effects on the hippocampus. However, relatively little is known about the gradual changes in hippocampal structure, and …             Genome-wide analysis of HIF-2α chromatin binding sites under normoxia in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) suggests its diverse functions ▶     Meng-Chang Lee, Hsin-Ju Huang, Tzu-Hao Chang et al.     Constitutive functional HIF-2α was recently identified in cancer and stem cell lines under normoxia. In this study, BEAS-2B, a bronchial epithelial cell line, was shown to …             Human neural stem cell-induced endothelial morphogenesis requires autocrine/paracrine and juxtacrine signaling ▶     Chung-Hsing Chou, Michel Modo     Transplanted neural stem cells (NSC) interact with the host brain microenvironment. A neovascularization is commonly observed in the vicinity of the cell deposit, which is …             Tropomodulin-3 is essential in asymmetric division during mouse oocyte maturation ▶     Yu-Jin Jo, Woo-In Jang, Nam-Hyung Kim et al.     The dynamic polymerization and depolymerization of actin filaments is essential for various cellular processes such as cell migration, rotation, cytokinesis, and mammalian oocyte …             Positive Cofactor 4 (PC4) is critical for DNA repair pathway re-routing in DT40 cells ▶     Randolph B. Caldwell, Herbert Braselmann, Ulrike Schoetz et al.     PC4 is an abundant single-strand DNA binding protein that has been implicated in transcription and DNA repair. Here, we show that PC4 is involved in the cellular DNA damage …             Monoclonal antibody with conformational specificity for a toxic conformer of amyloid β42 and its application toward the Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis ▶     Kazuma Murakami, Maki Tokuda, Takashi Suzuki et al.     Amyloid β-protein (Aβ42) oligomerization is an early event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Current diagnostic methods using sequence-specific antibodies against less toxic fibrillar …             Nucleolin interacts with influenza A nucleoprotein and contributes to viral ribonucleoprotein complexes nuclear trafficking and efficient influenza viral replication ▶     Olivier Terrier, Coralie Carron, Benoît De Chassey et al.     Influenza viruses replicate their single-stranded RNA genomes in the nucleus of infected cells and these replicated genomes (vRNPs) are then exported from the nucleus to the …             DNA barcoding identifies a cosmopolitan diet in the ocean sunfish ▶     Lara L. Sousa, Raquel Xavier, Vânia Costa et al.     The ocean sunfish (Mola mola) is the world’s heaviest bony fish reaching a body mass of up to 2.3 tonnes. However, the prey M. mola consumes to fuel this prodigious growth …             Effects of landscape anthropization on mosquito community composition and abundance ▶     Martina Ferraguti, Josué Martínez-de la Puente, David Roiz et al.     Anthropogenic landscape transformation has an important effect on vector-borne pathogen transmission. However, the effects of urbanization on mosquito communities are still only …             New insights in Microbial Fuel Cells: novel solid phase anolyte ▶     Tonia Tommasi, Gian Paolo Salvador, Marzia Quaglio     For the development of long lasting portable microbial fuel cells (MFCs) new strategies are necessary to overcome critical issues such as hydraulic pump system and the …             Patterns of postictal cerebral perfusion in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: a multi-delay multi-parametric arterial spin labelling perfusion MRI study ▶     Guangxiang Chen, Du Lei, Jiechuan Ren et al.     The cerebral haemodynamic status of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is a very complicated process. Little attention has been paid to cerebral blood flow (CBF) alterations …             A Two-Year Treatment of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment using a Compound Chinese Medicine: A Placebo Controlled Randomized Trail ▶     Junying Zhang, Zhen Liu, Huamin Zhang et al.     We aimed to investigate the long-term therapeutic effects of a compound Chinese medicine, the Bushen capsule, on cognition and brain connectivity in patients with amnestic mild …             Influence of Environmental Factors on the Active Substance Production and Antioxidant Activity in Potentilla fruticosa L. and Its Quality Assessment ▶     Wei Liu, Dongxue Yin, Na Li et al.     Environmental factors may influence types and contents of active substances. This study investigated the influence of environmental factors on the active substance contents and …             On-Chip Quantitative Measurement of Mechanical Stresses During Cell Migration with Emulsion Droplets ▶     D. Molino, S. Quignard, C. Gruget et al.     The ability of immune cells to migrate within narrow and crowded spaces is a critical feature involved in various physiological processes from immune response to metastasis. …             Alteration of protein prenylation promotes spermatogonial differentiation and exhausts spermatogonial stem cells in newborn mice ▶     Fan Diao, Chen Jiang, Xiu-Xing Wang et al.     Spermatogenesis in adulthood depends on the successful neonatal establishment of the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) pool and gradual differentiation during puberty. The …             VirusMapper: open-source nanoscale mapping of viral architecture through super-resolution microscopy ▶     Robert D. M. Gray, Corina Beerli, Pedro Matos Pereira et al.     The nanoscale molecular assembly of mammalian viruses during their infectious life cycle remains poorly understood. Their small dimensions, generally bellow the 300nm diffraction …             Expression of dynein, cytoplasmic 2, heavy chain 1 (DHC2) associated with glioblastoma cell resistance to temozolomide ▶     Hai Wang, Wenfeng Feng, Yuntao Lu et al.     Temozolomide (TMZ) is the main chemotherapeutic drug utilized for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GMB), however, drug resistance often leads to tumor recurrence and …             Differential expression of microRNAs in retinal vasculopathy caused by selective Müller cell disruption ▶     Sook Hyun Chung, Mark Gillies, Michelle Yam et al.     Vascular changes and photoreceptor degeneration are features of age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and macular telangiectasis. We have profiled the …             Intercellular transfer of P-glycoprotein in human blood-brain barrier endothelial cells is increased by histone deacetylase inhibitors ▶     Andreas Noack, Sandra Noack, Manuela Buettner et al.     The blood–brain barrier (BBB) controls the entry of compounds into the brain, thereby regulating brain homeostasis. Efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp) significantly …             Application of flat panel OLED display technology for the point-of-care detection of circulating cancer biomarkers ▶     Benjamin A. Katchman, Joseph T. Smith, Uwadiae Obahiagbon et al.     Point-of-care molecular diagnostics can provide efficient and cost-effective medical care, and they have the potential to fundamentally change our approach to global health. …             Transcriptome Analysis on Monocytes from Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration ▶     Michelle Grunin, Shira- Hagbi-Levi, Batya Rinsky et al.     Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs), including monocytes/macrophages, play complex roles in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis. We reported altered gene-expression …             Overexpression of Bmi1 in Lymphocytes Stimulates Skeletogenesis by Improving the Osteogenic Microenvironment ▶     Xichao Zhou, Xiuliang Dai, Xuan Wu et al.     To investigate whether overexpression of Bmi1 in lymphocytes can stimulate skeletogenesis by improving the osteogenic microenvironment, we examined the skeletal phenotype of …             Alpha-tubulin enhanced renal tubular cell proliferation and tissue repair but reduced cell death and cell-crystal adhesion ▶     Juthatip Manissorn, Supaporn Khamchun, Arada Vinaiphat et al.     Adhesion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals on renal tubular epithelial cells is a critical event for kidney stone disease that triggers many cascades of cellular response. Our …             In vivo assessment of behavioral recovery and circulatory exchange in the peritoneal parabiosis model ▶     Joseph M. Castellano, Mikael Palner, Shi-Bin Li et al.     The sharing of circulation between two animals using a surgical procedure known as parabiosis has created a wealth of information towards our understanding of physiology, most …             Effects of neonatal stress on gamma oscillations in hippocampus ▶     Sally Dricks     Chronic early life stress increases adult risk for depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, illnesses characterized by aberrant functions of cognition and memory. We asked …             Natural variation of root exudates in Arabidopsis thaliana-linking metabolomic and genomic data ▶     Susann Mönchgesang, Nadine Strehmel, Stephan Schmidt et al.     Many metabolomics studies focus on aboveground parts of the plant, while metabolism within roots and the chemical composition of the rhizosphere, as influenced by exudation, are …             Motor planning of goal-directed action is tuned by the emotional valence of the stimulus: a kinematic study ▶     P. O. Esteves, L. A. S. Oliveira, A. A. Nogueira-Campos et al.     The basic underpinnings of homeostatic behavior include interacting with positive items and avoiding negative ones. As the planning aspects of goal-directed actions can be …             CRISP-ID: decoding CRISPR mediated indels by Sanger sequencing ▶     Jonas Dehairs, Ali Talebi, Yacine Cherifi et al.     The advent of next generation gene editing technologies has revolutionized the fields of genome engineering in allowing the generation of gene knockout models and functional gene …             Inhibition of HIV-1 reactivation by a telomerase-derived peptide in a HSP90-dependent manner ▶     Hong Kim, Myung-Soo Choi, Kyung-Soo Inn et al.     A peptide vaccine designed to induce T-cell immunity to telomerase, GV1001, has been shown to modulate cellular signaling pathways and confer a direct anti-cancer effect through …             The wheat R2R3-MYB transcription factor TaRIM1 participates in resistance response against the pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis infection through regulating defense genes ▶     Tianlei Shan, Wei Rong, Huijun Xu et al.     The necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis is a major pathogen of sharp eyespot that is a devastating disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Little is known about roles of MYB …             Involvement of the pagR gene of pXO2 in anthrax pathogenesis ▶     Xudong Liang, Enmin Zhang, Huijuan Zhang et al.     Anthrax is a disease caused by Bacillus anthracis. Specifically, the anthrax toxins and capsules encoded by the pXO1 and pXO2 plasmids, respectively, are the major virulence …             The metabolome of [2-14C](−)-epicatechin in humans: implications for the assessment of efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action of polyphenolic bioactives ▶     Javier I. Ottaviani, Gina Borges, Tony Y. Momma et al.     Diet is a major life style factor affecting human health, thus emphasizing the need for evidence-based dietary guidelines for primary disease prevention. While current …             Enhanced excitability and suppression of A-type K+ currents in joint sensory neurons in a murine model of antigen-induced arthritis ▶     Lintao Qu, Michael J. Caterina     Pain is a dominant symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its adequate treatment represents a major unmet need. However, the cellular mechanisms that drive arthritis pain are …             Optimal numbers of residues in linkers of DNA polymerase I, T7 primase and DNA polymerase IV ▶     Yi-Ben Fu, Zhan-Feng Wang, Peng-Ye Wang et al.     DNA polymerase I (PolI), T7 primase and DNA polymerase IV (Dpo4) have a common feature in their structures that the two main domains are connected by an unstructured polypeptide …             “Cre/loxP plus BAC”: a strategy for direct cloning of large DNA fragment and its applications in Photorhabdus luminescens and Agrobacterium tumefaciens ▶     Shengbiao Hu, Zhengqiang Liu, Xu Zhang et al.     Heterologous expression has been proven to be a valid strategy for elucidating the natural products produced by gene clusters uncovered by genome sequencing projects. Efforts …             miR-2861 acts as a tumor suppressor via targeting EGFR/AKT2/CCND1 pathway in cervical cancer induced by human papillomavirus virus 16 E6 ▶     Junfen Xu, Xiaoyun Wan, Xiaojing Chen et al.     Persistent infection with oncogenic human papillomavirus viruses (HPVs) is a casual factor for cervical cancer and its precursors, and the abnormal constitutive expression of …             Abrogating ClC-3 Inhibits LPS-induced Inflammation via Blocking the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway ▶     Nan-lin Xiang, Jun Liu, Yun-jian Liao et al.     This study investigated the function of a chloride channel blocker, DIDS. Both in vitro and in vivo studies found that DIDS significantly inhibits lipopolysaccharide …             Visualization of Neuregulin 1 ectodomain shedding reveals its local processing in vitro and in vivo ▶     Aosa Kamezaki, Fuminori Sato, Kazuhiro Aoki et al.     Neuregulin1 (NRG1) plays diverse developmental roles and is likely involved in several neurological disorders including schizophrenia. The transmembrane NRG1 protein is …             Specificity and mechanism of action of alpha-helical membrane-active peptides interacting with model and biological membranes by single-molecule force spectroscopy ▶     Shiyu Sun, Guangxu Zhao, Yibing Huang et al.     In this study, to systematically investigate the targeting specificity of membrane-active peptides on different types of cell membranes, we evaluated the effects of peptides on …             Catalysts of DNA Strand Cleavage at Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Sites ▶     Irina G. Minko, Aaron C. Jacobs, Arnie R. de Leon et al.     Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are constantly formed in cellular DNA due to instability of the glycosidic bond, particularly at purines and various oxidized, alkylated, or …             Alzheimer’s disease AdvaxCpG- adjuvanted MultiTEP-based dual and single vaccines induce high-titer antibodies against various forms of tau and Aβ pathological molecules ▶     Hayk Davtyan, Karen Zagorski, Harinda Rajapaksha et al.     Although β-amyloid (Aβ) may be the primary driver of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, accumulation of pathological tau correlates with dementia in AD patients. Thus, the …             Alignment-free microbial phylogenomics under scenarios of sequence divergence, genome rearrangement and lateral genetic transfer ▶     Guillaume Bernard, Cheong Xin Chan, Mark A. Ragan     Alignment-free (AF) approaches have recently been highlighted as alternatives to methods based on multiple sequence alignment in phylogenetic inference. However, the sensitivity …             Development and application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detection of Plasmopara viticola ▶     Xiangjiu Kong, Wentao Qin, Xiaoqing Huang et al.     A rapid LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) detection method was developed on the basis of the ITS sequence of P. viticola, the major causal agent of grape downy …             First Person Perspective of Seated Participants Over a Walking Virtual Body Leads to Illusory Agency Over the Walking ▶     Elena Kokkinara, Konstantina Kilteni, Kristopher J. Blom et al.     Agency, the attribution of authorship to an action of our body, requires the intention to carry out the action, and subsequently a match between its predicted and actual sensory …             The wMel strain of Wolbachia Reduces Transmission of Zika virus by Aedes aegypti ▶     Matthew T. Aliota, Stephen A. Peinado, Ivan Dario Velez et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) is causing an explosive outbreak of febrile disease in the Americas. There are no effective antiviral therapies or licensed vaccines for this virus, and …             Slug inhibits pancreatic cancer initiation by blocking Kras-induced acinar-ductal metaplasia ▶     Kazumi Ebine, Christina R. Chow, Brian T. DeCant et al.     Cells in the pancreas that have undergone acinar-ductal metaplasia (ADM) can transform into premalignant cells that can eventually become cancerous. Although the …             The Maternal Legacy: Female Identity Predicts Offspring Sex Ratio in the Loggerhead Sea Turtle ▶     Jaymie L. Reneker, Stephanie J. Kamel     In organisms with temperature-dependent sex determination, the incubation environment plays a key role in determining offspring sex ratios. Given that global temperatures have …             Disrupting VEGF-A paracrine and autocrine loops by targeting SHP-1 suppresses triple negative breast cancer metastasis ▶     Jung-Chen Su, Ai-Chung Mar, Szu-Hsien Wu et al.     Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) had an increased likelihood of distant recurrence and death, as compared with those with non-TNBC subtype. Regorafenib is a …             Organelle acidification negatively regulates vacuole membrane fusion in vivo ▶     Yann Desfougères, Stefano Vavassori, Maria Rompf et al.     The V-ATPase is a proton pump consisting of a membrane-integral V0 sector and a peripheral V1 sector, which carries the ATPase activity. In vitro studies of yeast vacuole fusion …             Realized niche shift associated with the Eurasian charophyte Nitellopsis obtusa becoming invasive in North America ▶     Luis E. Escobar, Huijie Qiao, Nicholas B. D. Phelps et al.     Nitellopsis obtusa (starry stonewort) is a dioecious green alga native to Europe and Asia that has emerged as an aquatic invasive species in North America. Nitellopsis obtusa is …             Novel role of cortactin in G protein-coupled receptor agonist-induced nuclear export and degradation of p21Cip1 ▶     Jagadeesh Janjanam, Gadiparthi N. Rao     Monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1) stimulates phosphorylation of cortactin on Y421 and Y446 residues in a time-dependent manner and phosphorylation at Y446 but not Y421 …             Oxidative DNA damage stalls the human mitochondrial replisome ▶     Gorazd Stojkovič, Alena V. Makarova, Paulina H. Wanrooij et al.     Oxidative stress is capable of causing damage to various cellular constituents, including DNA. There is however limited knowledge on how oxidative stress influences mitochondrial …             Negative regulation and developmental competence in Aspergillus ▶     Mi-Kyung Lee, Nak-Jung Kwon, Im-Soon Lee et al.     Asexual development (conidiation) in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans is governed by orchestrated gene expression. The three key negative regulators of conidiation …             Antennal transcriptome and differential expression of olfactory genes in the yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) ▶     Xiao-Jian Jia, Hai-Xiang Wang, Zeng-Guang Yan et al.     The yellow peach moth (YPM), Conogethes punctiferalis (Guenée), is a multivoltine insect pest of crops and fruits. Antennal-expressed receptors are important for insects to …             Capturing tumor complexity in vitro: Comparative analysis of 2D and 3D tumor models for drug discovery ▶     Kristin Stock, Marta F. Estrada, Suzana Vidic et al.     Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures growing on plastic do not recapitulate the three dimensional (3D) architecture and complexity of human tumors. More representative models are …             The upper respiratory tract microbiome and its potential role in bovine respiratory disease and otitis media ▶     Svetlana F. Lima, Andre Gustavo V. Teixeira, Catherine H. Higgins et al.     The upper respiratory tract (URT) hosts a complex microbial community of commensal microorganisms and potential pathogens. Analyzing the composition and nature of the healthy URT …             A novel AhR ligand, 2AI, protects the retina from environmental stress ▶     Mark A. Gutierrez, Sonnet S. Davis, Andrew Rosko et al.     Various retinal degenerative diseases including dry and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), retinitis pigmentosa, and diabetic retinopathy are associated with the …             Role for the thromboxane A2 receptor β-isoform in the pathogenesis of intrauterine growth restriction ▶     Katie L. Powell, Veronica Stevens, Dannielle H. Upton et al.     Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a pathology of pregnancy that results in failure of the fetus to reach its genetically determined growth potential. In developed nations …             Grazing effects on ecosystem CO2 fluxes differ among temperate steppe types in Eurasia ▶     Longyu Hou, Yan Liu, Jiancai Du et al.     Grassland ecosystems play a critical role in regulating CO2 fluxes into and out of the Earth’s surface. Whereas previous studies have often addressed single fluxes of CO2 …             Shapes of minimal-energy DNA ropes condensed in confinement ▶     Antonio Šiber     Shapes of a single, long DNA molecule condensed in a confinement of a virus capsid are described as conformations optimizing a model free energy functional accounting for the …             Accelerating skin wound healing by M-CSF through generating SSEA-1 and -3 stem cells in the injured sites ▶     Yunyuan Li, Reza Baradar Jalili, Aziz Ghahary     Wound healing is a complicated process requiring the collaborative efforts of different cell lineages. Our recent studies have found that one subset of hematopoietic cells can be …             Paraoxonase 2 modulates a proapoptotic function in LS174T cells in response to quorum sensing molecule N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone ▶     Shiyu Tao, Yanwen Luo, Bin He et al.     A mucus layer coats the gastrointestinal tract and serves as the first line of intestinal defense against infection. N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing molecules …             Prognostic values of four Notch receptor mRNA expression in gastric cancer ▶     Xiaoyu Wu, Wentao Liu, Ding Tang et al.     Notch ligands and receptors are frequently deregulated in several human malignancies including gastric cancer. The activation of Notch signaling has been reported to contribute …             Image Quality Ranking Method for Microscopy ▶     Sami Koho, Elnaz Fazeli, John E. Eriksson et al.     Automated analysis of microscope images is necessitated by the increased need for high-resolution follow up of events in time. Manually finding the right images to be analyzed, …             Volumetric Light-Field Excitation ▶     David C. Schedl, Oliver Bimber     We explain how to concentrate light simultaneously at multiple selected volumetric positions by means of a 4D illumination light field. First, to select target objects, a 4D …             TRPV1-mediated presynaptic transmission in basolateral amygdala contributes to visceral hypersensitivity in adult rats with neonatal maternal deprivation ▶     Ying Xiao, Xiaoqi Chen, Ping-An Zhang et al.     The central mechanisms of visceral hypersensitivity remain largely unknown. It’s reported that there are highest densities of TRPV1 labeled neurons within basolateral amygdala …             Synergistic Effect of H2O2 and NO2 in Cell Death Induced by Cold Atmospheric He Plasma ▶     Pierre-Marie Girard, Atousa Arbabian, Michel Fleury et al.     Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPPs) have emerged over the last decade as a new promising therapy to fight cancer. CAPPs’ antitumor activity is primarily due to the delivery …             Beyond the brain-Peripheral kisspeptin signaling is essential for promoting endometrial gland development and function ▶     Silvia León, Daniela Fernadois, Alexandra Sull et al.     Uterine growth and endometrial gland formation (adenogenesis) and function, are essential for fertility and are controlled by estrogens and other regulators, whose nature and …             Anti-cancer efficacy of nonthermal plasma dissolved in a liquid, liquid plasma in heterogeneous cancer cells ▶     Ngoc Hoan Nguyen, Hyung Jun Park, Sang Sik Yang et al.     The therapeutic potential of nonthermal plasma for cancer treatment has been reported recently. The heterogeneity of cancer cells need to be addressed to design effective …             An ABA-increased interaction of the PYL6 ABA receptor with MYC2 Transcription Factor: A putative link of ABA and JA signaling ▶     Fernando Aleman, Junshi Yazaki, Melissa Lee et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone that mediates abiotic stress tolerance and regulates growth and development. ABA binds to members of the PYL/RCAR ABA receptor family that …             Microfluidics-based side view flow chamber reveals tether-to-sling transition in rolling neutrophils ▶     Alex Marki, Edgar Gutierrez, Zbigniew Mikulski et al.     Neutrophils rolling at high shear stress (above 6 dyn/cm2) form tethers in the rear and slings in the front. Here, we developed a novel photo-lithographically fabricated, …             Integrative analysis of cancer genes in a functional interactome ▶     Matthew H. Ung, Chun-Chi Liu, Chao Cheng     The post-genomic era has resulted in the accumulation of high-throughput cancer data from a vast array of genomic technologies including next-generation sequencing and …             Individuality in nutritional preferences: a multi-level approach in field crickets ▶     Chang S. Han, Heidi Y. Jäger, Niels J. Dingemanse     Selection may favour individuals of the same population to differ consistently in nutritional preference, for example, because optimal diets covary with morphology or …             Humoral response against host-mimetic homologous epitopes of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Japanese multiple sclerosis patients ▶     Davide Cossu, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Leonardo Antonio Sechi et al.     Several works have demonstrated the existence of a link between Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and MS in Italy. In this study, we analyzed the serology of MAP …             Mutation of DNA Polymerase β R137Q Results in Retarded Embryo Development Due to Impaired DNA Base Excision Repair in Mice ▶     Feiyan Pan, Jing Zhao, Ting Zhou et al.     DNA polymerase β (Pol β), a key enzyme in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway, is pivotal in maintaining the integrity and stability of genomes. One Pol β mutation that …             A fast and easy strategy for protein purification using “teabags” ▶     M. Castaldo, L. Barlind, F. Mauritzson et al.     Protein purification often involves affinity capture of proteins on stationary resin, alternatively proteins are captured on free flowing resin for subsequent separation from …             A clinically authentic mouse model of enterovirus 71 (EV-A71)-induced neurogenic pulmonary oedema ▶     Carla Bianca Luena Victorio, Yishi Xu, Qimei Ng et al.     Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is a neurotropic virus that sporadically causes fatal neurologic illness among infected children. Animal models of EV-A71 infection exist, but they do not …             Small Glutamine-Rich Tetratricopeptide Repeat-Containing Protein Alpha (SGTA) Ablation Limits Offspring Viability and Growth in Mice ▶     Lisa K. Philp, Tanya K. Day, Miriam S. Butler et al.     Small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein α (SGTA) has been implicated as a co-chaperone and regulator of androgen and growth hormone receptor (AR, GHR) …             Transcriptome comparison reveals a genetic network regulating the lower temperature limit in fish ▶     Peng Hu, Mingli Liu, Yimeng Liu et al.     Transcriptional plasticity is a major driver of phenotypic differences between species. The lower temperature limit (LTL), namely the lower end of survival temperature, is an …             Increased circulating concentrations of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in children with type 1 diabetes ▶     Emilia Galli, Taina Härkönen, Markus T. Sainio et al.     Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) was recently shown to be essential for the survival and proliferation of pancreatic β-cells in mice, where deletion of …             Intrinsic FGF2 and FGF5 promotes angiogenesis of human aortic endothelial cells in 3D microfluidic angiogenesis system ▶     Ha-Rim Seo, Hyo Eun Jeong, Hyung Joon Joo et al.     The human body contains different endothelial cell types and differences in their angiogenic potential are poorly understood. We compared the functional angiogenic ability of …             A HIV-Tat/C4-binding protein chimera encoded by a DNA vaccine is highly immunogenic and contains acute EcoHIV infection in mice ▶     Khamis Tomusange, Danushka Wijesundara, Jason Gummow et al.     DNA vaccines are cost-effective to manufacture on a global scale and Tat-based DNA vaccines have yielded protective outcomes in preclinical and clinical models of human …             Methylmercury, an environmental electrophile capable of activation and disruption of the Akt/CREB/Bcl-2 signal transduction pathway in SH-SY5Y cells ▶     Takamitsu Unoki, Yumi Abiko, Takashi Toyama et al.     Methylmercury (MeHg) modifies cellular proteins via their thiol groups in a process referred to as “S-mercuration”, potentially resulting in modulation of the cellular signal …             Ablation of MCL1 expression by virally induced microRNA-29 reverses chemoresistance in human osteosarcomas ▶     Shuhei Osaki, Hiroshi Tazawa, Joe Hasei et al.     Osteosarcoma is a rare disease diagnosed as malignant bone tumor. It is generally refractory to chemotherapy, which contributes to its poor prognosis. The reversal of …             Inhibition of JNK-mediated autophagy enhances NSCLC cell sensitivity to mTORC1/2 inhibitors ▶     Hyeon-Ok Jin, Sung-Eun Hong, Jin-Ah Park et al.     As the activation of autophagy contributes to the efficacy of many anticancer therapies, deciphering the precise role of autophagy in cancer therapy is critical. Here, we report …             Lipidomic Signatures and Associated Transcriptomic Profiles of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ▶     Kosuke Saito, Eri Arai, Keiko Maekawa et al.     Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common histological type of adult kidney cancer. In this study, we obtained lipidomic profiles of clear cell RCC (ccRCC), a major RCC …             Human Organotypic Cultured Cardiac Slices: New Platform For High Throughput Preclinical Human Trials ▶     C. Kang, Y. Qiao, G. Li et al.     Translation of novel therapies from bench to bedside is hampered by profound disparities between animal and human genetics and physiology. The ability to test for efficacy and …             A Structure-free Method for Quantifying Conformational Flexibility in proteins ▶     Virginia M. Burger, Daniel J. Arenas, Collin M. Stultz     All proteins sample a range of conformations at physiologic temperatures and this inherent flexibility enables them to carry out their prescribed functions. A comprehensive …             Quantifying cadherin mechanotransduction machinery assembly/disassembly dynamics using fluorescence covariance analysis ▶     Pavan Vedula, Lissette A. Cruz, Natasha Gutierrez et al.     Quantifying multi-molecular complex assembly in specific cytoplasmic compartments is crucial to understand how cells use assembly/disassembly of these complexes to control …             Diverse distribution of Toxin-Antitoxin II systems in Salmonella enterica serovars ▶     Andrea Di Cesare, Carmen Losasso, Lisa Barco et al.     Type II Toxin-Antitoxin systems (TAs), known for their presence in virulent and antibiotic resistant bacterial strains, were recently identified in Salmonella enterica isolates. …             Cold acclimation wholly reorganizes the Drosophila melanogaster transcriptome and metabolome ▶     Heath A. MacMillan, Jose M. Knee, Alice B. Dennis et al.     Cold tolerance is a key determinant of insect distribution and abundance, and thermal acclimation can strongly influence organismal stress tolerance phenotypes, particularly in …             Transcriptome sequencing and marker development in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus; Leguminosae) ▶     Mohammad Vatanparast, Prateek Shetty, Ratan Chopra et al.     Winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC., is similar to soybean in yield and nutritional value but more viable in tropical conditions. Here, we strengthen genetic …             Divergent Evolutionary Pattern of Sugar Transporter Genes is Associated with the Difference in Sugar Accumulation between Grasses and Eudicots ▶     Wei Wang, Hui Zhou, Baiquan Ma et al.     Sugars play a variety of roles in plants, and their accumulation in seeds and/or surrounding pericarp tissues is distinctly different between grasses and eudicots. However, …             PhyloToAST: Bioinformatics tools for species-level analysis and visualization of complex microbial datasets ▶     Shareef M. Dabdoub, Megan L. Fellows, Akshay D. Paropkari et al.     The 16S rRNA gene is widely used for taxonomic profiling of microbial ecosystems; and recent advances in sequencing chemistry have allowed extremely large numbers of sequences to …             Wheat CBL-interacting protein kinase 25 negatively regulates salt tolerance in transgenic wheat ▶     Xia Jin, Tao Sun, Xiatian Wang et al.     CBL-interacting protein kinases are involved in plant responses to abiotic stresses, including salt stress. However, the negative regulating mechanism of this gene family in …             Temporal tuning in the bat auditory cortex is sharper when studied with natural echolocation sequences ▶     M. Jerome Beetz, Julio C. Hechavarría, Manfred Kössl     Precise temporal coding is necessary for proper acoustic analysis. However, at cortical level, forward suppression appears to limit the ability of neurons to extract temporal …             Loss of Lipid Virulence Factors Reduces the Efficacy of the BCG Vaccine ▶     Vanessa Tran, Sang Kyun Ahn, Mark Ng et al.     Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, is the only vaccine available for tuberculosis (TB) control. BCG comprises a number of substrains that …             The first characterization of multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE/SLC47) proteins in zebrafish (Danio rerio) ▶     Jovica Lončar, Marta Popović, Petra Krznar et al.     Multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE) proteins are involved in the extrusion of endogenous compounds and xenobiotics across the plasma membrane. They are conserved from bacteria …             Proteome analysis of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing B0/W148 cluster ▶     Julia Bespyatykh, Egor Shitikov, Ivan Butenko et al.     Beijing B0/W148, a “successful” clone of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is widespread in the Russian Federation and some countries of the former Soviet Union. Here, we used …             Phosphoproteomic analysis of Methanohalophilus portucalensis FDF1T identified the role of protein phosphorylation in methanogenesis and osmoregulation ▶     Wan-Ling Wu, Shu-Jung Lai, Jhih-Tian Yang et al.     Methanogens have gained much attention for their metabolic product, methane, which could be an energy substitute but also contributes to the greenhouse effect. One factor that …             Signaling mechanism for modulation by ATP of glycine receptors on rat retinal ganglion cells ▶     Ping-Ping Zhang, Gong Zhang, Wei Zhou et al.     ATP modulates voltage- and ligand-gated channels in the CNS via the activation of ionotropic P2X and metabotropic P2Y receptors. While P2Y receptors are expressed in retinal …             Polarity protein Crumbs homolog-3 (CRB3) regulates ectoplasmic specialization dynamics through its action on F-actin organization in Sertoli cells ▶     Ying Gao, Wing-yee Lui, Will M. Lee et al.     Crumbs homolog 3 (or Crumbs3, CRB3) is a polarity protein expressed by Sertoli and germ cells at the basal compartment in the seminiferous epithelium. CRB3 also expressed at the …             Unlocking the bacterial and fungal communities assemblages of sugarcane microbiome ▶     Rafael Soares Correa de Souza, Vagner Katsumi Okura, Jaderson Silveira Leite Armanhi et al.     Plant microbiome and its manipulation herald a new era for plant biotechnology with the potential to benefit sustainable crop production. However, studies evaluating the …             Determination of GLUT1 Oligomerization Parameters using Bioluminescent Förster Resonance Energy Transfer ▶     Brendan Looyenga, Calvin VanOpstall, Zion Lee et al.     The facilitated glucose transporter GLUT1 (SLC2A1) is an important mediator of glucose homeostasis in humans. Though it is found in most cell types to some extent, the level of GL…             Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Alters Auditory-motor Integration For Voice Control ▶     Weifeng Li, Ziyi Chen, Nan Yan et al.     Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common drug-refractory focal epilepsy in adults. Previous research has shown that patients with TLE exhibit decreased performance in …             Multiple cone pathways are involved in photic regulation of retinal dopamine ▶     Sheng-Nan Qiao, Zhijing Zhang, Christophe P. Ribelayga et al.     Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter in the retina and plays a central role in the light adaptive processes of the visual system. The sole source of retinal dopamine is …             Expansion of amphibian intronless interferons revises the paradigm for interferon evolution and functional diversity ▶     Yongming Sang, Qinfang Liu, Jinhwa Lee et al.     Interferons (IFNs) are key cytokines identified in vertebrates and evolutionary dominance of intronless IFN genes in amniotes is a signature event in IFN evolution. For the first …             Nitrogen deposition may enhance soil carbon storage via change of soil respiration dynamic during a spring freeze-thaw cycle period ▶     Guoyong Yan, Yajuan Xing, Lijian Xu et al.     As crucial terrestrial ecosystems, temperate forests play an important role in global soil carbon dioxide flux, and this process can be sensitive to atmospheric nitrogen …             Insights into Campylobacter jejuni colonization and enteritis using a novel infant rabbit model ▶     Yuwei Shang, Fangzhe Ren, Zhaojun Song et al.     A lack of relevant disease models for Campylobacter jejuni has long been an obstacle to research into this common enteric pathogen. Here we used an infant rabbit to study C. …             Manganese Phosphate Self-assembled Nanoparticle Surface and Its application for Superoxide Anion Detection ▶     Xiaohui Shen, Qi Wang, Yuhong Liu et al.     Quantitative analysis of superoxide anion (O2·−) has increasing importance considering its potential damages to organism. Herein, a novel Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mimics, …             The synchronization of neuronal oscillators determined by the directed network structure of the suprachiasmatic nucleus under different photoperiods ▶     Changgui Gu, Ming Tang, Huijie Yang     The main function of the principal clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of mammals is synchronizing the body rhythms to the 24 h light-dark cycle. Additionally, the …             Impact of dietary resistant starch type 4 on human gut microbiota and immunometabolic functions ▶     Bijaya Upadhyaya, Lacey McCormack, Ali Reza Fardin-Kia et al.     Dietary modulation of the gut microbiota impacts human health. Here we investigated the hitherto unknown effects of resistant starch type 4 (RS4) enriched diet on gut microbiota …             Exploring pig trade patterns to inform the design of risk-based disease surveillance and control strategies ▶     C. Guinat, A. Relun, B. Wall et al.     An understanding of the patterns of animal contact networks provides essential information for the design of risk-based animal disease surveillance and control strategies. This …             Systemic desensitization through TRPA1 channels by capsazepine and mustard oil - a novel strategy against inflammation and pain ▶     Katrin Kistner, Norbert Siklosi, Alexandru Babes et al.     We demonstrate a novel dual strategy against inflammation and pain through body-wide desensitization of nociceptors via TRPA1. Attenuation of experimental colitis by capsazepine …             CRISPR-Mediated VHL Knockout Generates an Improved Model for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma ▶     Shiruyeh Schokrpur, Junhui Hu, Diana L. Moughon et al.     Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is nearly incurable and accounts for most of the mortality associated with RCC. Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) is a tumour suppressor that is lost …             Loss of cortactin causes endothelial barrier dysfunction via disturbed adrenomedullin secretion and actomyosin contractility ▶     Alexander García Ponce, Alí F. Citalán Madrid, Hilda Vargas Robles et al.     Changes in vascular permeability occur during inflammation and the actin cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in regulating endothelial cell contacts and permeability. We …             Human GV oocytes generated by mitotically active germ cells obtained from follicular aspirates ▶     Xinbao Ding, Guishu Liu, Bo Xu et al.     Human female germline stem cells (FGSCs) have opened new opportunities for understanding human oogenesis, delaying menopause, treating infertility, and providing a new strategy …             Transcriptome analysis revealed chimeric RNAs, single nucleotide polymorphisms and allele-specific expression in porcine prenatal skeletal muscle ▶     Yalan Yang, Zhonglin Tang, Xinhao Fan et al.     Prenatal skeletal muscle development genetically determines postnatal muscle characteristics such as growth and meat quality in pigs. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying …             The effect of silencing 20E biosynthesis relative genes by feeding bacterially expressed dsRNA on the larval development of Chilo suppressalis ▶     Jian Zhu, Yong-Cheng Dong, Ping Li et al.     RNA interference (RNAi) is a robust tool to study gene functions as well as potential for insect pest control. Finding suitable target genes is the key step in the development of …             DNA signals at isoform promoters ▶     Zhiming Dai, Yuanyan Xiong, Xianhua Dai     Transcriptional heterogeneity is extensive in the genome, and most genes express variable transcript isoforms. However, whether variable transcript isoforms of one gene are …             Expression and purification of the modification-dependent restriction enzyme BisI and its homologous enzymes ▶     Shuang-yong Xu, Pernelle Klein, Sergey Kh. Degtyarev et al.     The methylation-dependent restriction endonuclease (REase) BisI (Gm5C ↓ NGC) is found in Bacillus subtilis T30. We expressed and purified the BisI endonuclease and 34 BisI …             Extrinsic allospecific signals of hematopoietic origin dictate iNKT cell lineage-fate decisions during development ▶     Beverly S. I. Strong, Tess J. Newkold, Amanda E. Lee et al.     Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are critical to the maintenance of tolerance toward alloantigens encountered during postnatal life pointing to the existence of a process for …             Multifunction Sr, Co and F co-doped microporous coating on titanium of antibacterial, angiogenic and osteogenic activities ▶     Jianhong Zhou, Lingzhou Zhao     Advanced multifunction titanium (Ti) based bone implant with antibacterial, angiogenic and osteogenic activities is stringently needed in clinic, which may be accomplished via …             Use of fluorescent nanoparticles to investigate nutrient acquisition by developing Eimeria maxima macrogametocytes ▶     Sonja Frölich, Michael Wallach     The enteric disease coccidiosis, caused by the unicellular parasite Eimeria, is a major and reoccurring problem for the poultry industry. While the molecular machinery driving …             The dynamics of the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) from 2005 to 2012 in Shenzhen, China ▶     Jin Zhao, Lin Chen, Antoine Chaillon et al.     HIV-1 epidemics among MSM are a major public health concern in China, especially in large cities. This study sought to better understand the dynamics of HIV molecular …             Two homologous host proteins interact with potato virus X RNAs and CPs and affect viral replication and movement ▶     Hoseong Choi, Won Kyong Cho, Kook-Hyung Kim     Because viruses encode only a small number of proteins, all steps of virus infection rely on specific interactions between viruses and hosts. We previously screened several …             CXCL16 Deficiency Attenuates Renal Injury and Fibrosis in Salt-Sensitive Hypertension ▶     Hua Liang, Zhiheng Ma, Hui Peng et al.     Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertensive kidney disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the induction of inflammation are not …             Intranasal Administration of Chitosan Against Influenza A (H7N9) Virus Infection in a Mouse Model ▶     Mei Zheng, Di Qu, Haiming Wang et al.     Influenza virus evolves constantly in an unpredictable fashion, making it necessary to vaccinate people annually for effective prevention and control of influenza. In general, …             ASXL1 plays an important role in erythropoiesis ▶     Hui Shi, Shohei Yamamoto, Mengyao Sheng et al.     ASXL1 mutations are found in a spectrum of myeloid malignancies with poor prognosis. Recently, we reported that Asxl1+/− mice develop myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or MDS and …             Biochemical evidence for relaxed substrate specificity of Nα-acetyltransferase (Rv3420c/rimI) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ▶     Deepika Pathak, Aadil Hussain Bhat, Vandana Sapehia et al.     Nα-acetylation is a naturally occurring irreversible modification of N-termini of proteins catalyzed by Nα-acetyltransferases (NATs). Although present in all three domains of …             Transcriptome profiling of the rat retina after optic nerve transection ▶     Masayuki Yasuda, Yuji Tanaka, Kazuko Omodaka et al.     Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases characterized by alterations in the contour of the optic nerve head (ONH), with corresponding visual field defects and progressive loss of …             Dynamic functional characterization and phylogenetic changes due to Long Chain Fatty Acids pulses in biogas reactors ▶     Panagiotis G. Kougias, Laura Treu, Stefano Campanaro et al.     The process stability of biogas plants is often deteriorated by the accumulation of Long Chain Fatty Acids (LCFA). The microbial community shifts due to LCFA disturbances have …             Comparative genomics analysis of the companion mechanisms of Bacillus thuringiensis Bc601 and Bacillus endophyticus Hbe603 in bacterial consortium ▶     Nan Jia, Ming-Zhu Ding, Feng Gao et al.     Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus endophyticus both act as the companion bacteria, which cooperate with Ketogulonigenium vulgare in vitamin C two-step fermentation. Two Bacillus…             Predator foraging altitudes reveal the structure of aerial insect communities ▶     Jackson A. Helms, Aaron P. Godfrey, Tayna Ames et al.     The atmosphere is populated by a diverse array of dispersing insects and their predators. We studied aerial insect communities by tracking the foraging altitudes of an avian …             DNA barcoding, species-specific PCR and real-time PCR techniques for the identification of six Tribolium pests of stored products ▶     Tao Zhang, Yi-Jiao Wang, Wei Guo et al.     Flour beetles of the genus Tribolium Macleay (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are important stored product pests in China and worldwide. They are often found or are intercepted in …             Protein-directed synthesis of highly monodispersed, spherical gold nanoparticles and their applications in multidimensional sensing ▶     Yumin Leng, Ling Fu, Liqun Ye et al.     An in-situ reduction method has been reported to prepare gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of 40–110 nm by using the green reducing agents of proteins, which are activated by H2O2 and …             Next generation sequencing based identification of disease-associated mutations in Swiss patients with retinal dystrophies ▶     Amit Tiwari, Angela Bahr, Luzy Bähr et al.     Inherited monogenic diseases of the retina and vitreous affect approximately 1 in 2000 individuals. They are characterized by tremendous genetic heterogeneity and clinical …             Cargo binding promotes KDEL receptor clustering at the mammalian cell surface ▶     Björn Becker, M. Reza Shaebani, Domenik Rammo et al.     Transmembrane receptor clustering is a ubiquitous phenomenon in pro- and eukaryotic cells to physically sense receptor/ligand interactions and subsequently translate an exogenous …             Efficient production of multi-modified pigs for xenotransplantation by ‘combineering’, gene stacking and gene editing ▶     Konrad Fischer, Simone Kraner-Scheiber, Björn Petersen et al.     Xenotransplantation from pigs could alleviate the shortage of human tissues and organs for transplantation. Means have been identified to overcome hyperacute rejection and acute …             Cyclophilin A protects mice against infection by influenza A virus ▶     Jing Li, Can Chen, Gary Wong et al.     Our previous studies indicate that Cyclophilin A (CypA) impairs the replication of influenza A virus in vitro. To further evaluate the antiviral functions of CypA and explore its …             Evolutionary inactivation of a sialidase in group B Streptococcus ▶     Masaya Yamaguchi, Yujiro Hirose, Masanobu Nakata et al.     Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of bacterial sepsis and meningitis in newborns. GBS possesses a protein with homology to the pneumococcal virulence factor, NanA, …             A metagenomic-based survey of microbial (de)halogenation potential in a German forest soil ▶     Pascal Weigold, Mohamed El-Hadidi, Alexander Ruecker et al.     In soils halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) are cycled through the transformation of inorganic halides into organohalogen compounds and vice versa. There is evidence …             Two different mechanisms mediate chemotaxis to inorganic phosphate in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Miriam Rico-Jiménez, Jose Antonio Reyes-Darias, Álvaro Ortega et al.     Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is a central signaling molecule that modulates virulence in various pathogens. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, low Pi concentrations induce transcriptional …             NMR Characterization of Information Flow and Allosteric Communities in the MAP Kinase p38γ ▶     Phillip C. Aoto, Bryan T. Martin, Peter E. Wright     The intramolecular network structure of a protein provides valuable insights into allosteric sites and communication pathways. However, a straightforward method to …             The infectious BAC genomic DNA expression library: a high capacity vector system for functional genomics ▶     Michele M. P. Lufino, Pauline A. H. Edser, Michael A. Quail et al.     Gene dosage plays a critical role in a range of cellular phenotypes, yet most cellular expression systems use heterologous cDNA-based vectors which express proteins well above …             MRA_1571 is required for isoleucine biosynthesis and improves Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra survival under stress ▶     Rishabh Sharma, Deepa Keshari, Kumar Sachin Singh et al.     Threonine dehydratase is a pyridoxal 5-phosphate dependent enzyme required for isoleucine biosynthesis. Threonine dehydratase (IlvA) participates in conversion of threonine to …             A newly discovered member of the Atlastin family, BmAtlastin-n, has an antiviral effect against BmNPV in Bombyx mori ▶     Tai-hang Liu, Xiao-long Dong, Cai-xia Pan et al.     Atlastin is a member of the dynamin protein superfamily and it can mediate homotypic fusion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes, which is required for many biological …             Common molecular mechanism of amyloid pore formation by Alzheimer’s β-amyloid peptide and α-synuclein ▶     Coralie Di Scala, Nouara Yahi, Sonia Boutemeur et al.     Calcium-permeable pores formed by small oligomers of amyloid proteins are the primary pathologic species in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. However, the molecular …             Membrane protein assembly: two cytoplasmic phosphorylated serine sites of Vpu from HIV-1 affect oligomerization ▶     Chin-Pei Chen, Meng-Han Lin, Ya-Ting Chan et al.     Viral protein (Vpu) encoded by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a short integral membrane protein which is known to self-assemble within the lipid membrane and …             Vulnerability of the peatland carbon sink to sea-level rise ▶     Alex Whittle, Angela V. Gallego-Sala     Freshwater peatlands are carbon accumulating ecosystems where primary production exceeds organic matter decomposition rates in the soil, and therefore perform an important sink …             Integrating roots into a whole plant network of flowering time genes in Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Frédéric Bouché, Maria D’Aloia, Pierre Tocquin et al.     Molecular data concerning the involvement of roots in the genetic pathways regulating floral transition are lacking. In this study, we performed global analyses of the root …             Network Modeling Identifies Patient-specific Pathways in Glioblastoma ▶     Nurcan Tuncbag, Pamela Milani, Jenny L. Pokorny et al.     Glioblastoma is the most aggressive type of malignant human brain tumor. Molecular profiling experiments have revealed that these tumors are extremely heterogeneous. This …             The actin crosslinking protein palladin modulates force generation and mechanosensitivity of tumor associated fibroblasts ▶     Mikheil Azatov, Silvia M. Goicoechea, Carol A. Otey et al.     Cells organize actin filaments into higher-order structures by regulating the composition, distribution and concentration of actin crosslinkers. Palladin is an actin crosslinker …             Discovery and identification of candidate genes from the chitinase gene family for Verticillium dahliae resistance in cotton ▶     Jun Xu, Xiaoyang Xu, Liangliang Tian et al.     Verticillium dahliae, a destructive and soil-borne fungal pathogen, causes massive losses in cotton yields. However, the resistance mechanism to V. dahilae in cotton is still …             High-throughput sequencing reveals differential regulation of miRNAs in fenoxaprop-P-ethyl-resistant Beckmannia syzigachne ▶     Lang Pan, Zhaoyun Wang, Jia Cai et al.     Non-target site resistance (NTSR) to herbicides is an increasing concern for weed control. The majority of previous studies have focused on metabolic resistance mechanisms of …             Genome-wide characterization of the β-1,3-glucanase gene family in Gossypium by comparative analysis ▶     Xiaoyang Xu, Yue Feng, Shuai Fang et al.     The β-1,3-glucanase gene family is involved in a wide range of plant developmental processes as well as pathogen defense mechanisms. Comprehensive analyses of β-1,3-glucanase …             A fossil Diploglossus (Squamata, Anguidae) lizard from Basse-Terre and Grande-Terre Islands (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) ▶     Corentin Bochaton, Renaud Boistel, Fabrice Casagrande et al.     Today, Diploglossine lizards (Anguidae) are common on the Greater Antillean Islands (West Indies), where they are represented by many endemic species. However these lizards are …             Growth differentiation factor-15 promotes glutamate release in medial prefrontal cortex of mice through upregulation of T-type calcium channels ▶     Dong-Dong Liu, Jun-Mei Lu, Qian-Ru Zhao et al.     Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has been implicated in ischemic brain injury and synapse development, but its involvement in modulating neuronal excitability and …             Cellular responses to HSV-1 infection are linked to specific types of alterations in the host transcriptome ▶     Benxia Hu, Xin Li, Yongxia Huo et al.     Pathogen invasion triggers a number of cellular responses and alters the host transcriptome. Here we report that the type of changes to cellular transcriptome is related to the …             Site-specific covalent modifications of human insulin by catechol estrogens: Reactivity and induced structural and functional changes ▶     Ming-Chun Ku, Chieh-Ming Fang, Juei-Tang Cheng et al.     Proteins, covalently modified by catechol estrogens (CEs), were identified recently from the blood serum of diabetic patients and referred to as estrogenized proteins. …             Osteopontin deficiency reduces kidney damage from hypercholesterolemia in Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice ▶     Zouwei Pei, Takafumi Okura, Tomoaki Nagao et al.     Hypercholesterolemia is a well-established risk factor for kidney injury, which can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Osteopontin (OPN) has been implicated in the pathology …             Ecological determinants of mean family age of angiosperm trees in forest communities in China ▶     Hong Qian, Shengbin Chen     Species assemblage in a local community is determined by the interplay of evolutionary and ecological processes. The Tropical Niche Conservatism hypothesis proposes mechanisms …             Molecular characterization of woodchuck IFI16 and AIM2 and their expression in woodchucks infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) ▶     Qi Yan, Mengmeng Li, Qin Liu et al.     IFI16 and AIM2 are important DNA sensors in antiviral immunity. To characterize these two molecules in a woodchuck model, which is widely used to study hepatitis B virus (HBV) …             Identification and expression profiles of neuropeptides and their G protein-coupled receptors in the rice stem borer Chilo suppressalis ▶     Gang Xu, Gui-Xiang Gu, Zi-Wen Teng et al.     In insects, neuropeptides play important roles in the regulation of multiple physiological processes by binding to their corresponding receptors, which are primarily G …             Historical and contemporary factors generate unique butterfly communities on islands ▶     Raluca Vodă, Leonardo Dapporto, Vlad Dincă et al.     The mechanisms shaping island biotas are not yet well understood mostly because of a lack of studies comparing eco-evolutionary fingerprints over entire taxonomic groups. Here, …             Metal-Free C–H Alkyliminylation and Acylation of Alkenes with Secondary Amides ▶     Pei-Qiang Huang, Ying-Hong Huang, Hui Geng et al.     Carbon–carbon bond formation by metal-free cross-coupling of two reactants with low reactivity represents a challenge in organic synthesis. Secondary amides and alkenes are two …             Projected asymmetric response of Adélie penguins to Antarctic climate change ▶     Megan A. Cimino, Heather J. Lynch, Vincent S. Saba et al.     The contribution of climate change to shifts in a species’ geographic distribution is a critical and often unresolved ecological question. Climate change in Antarctica is …             Maraviroc Reduces Arterial Stiffness in PI-Treated HIV-infected Patients ▶     Stefania Piconi, Daria Pocaterra, Veronica Rainone et al.     The Δ32-CCR5 deletion of the CCR5 receptor is protective toward coronary artery pathology and myocardial infarction. Maraviroc (MVC), a CCR5 antagonist, was recently introduced …             Pharmacological targeting of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in human erythrocytes by Bay 11–7082, parthenolide and dimethyl fumarate ▶     Mehrdad Ghashghaeinia, Daniela Giustarini, Pavla Koralkova et al.     In mature erythrocytes, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGDH) yield NADPH, a crucial cofactor of the enzyme glutathione reductase …             Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake rates of different species from a coral reef community after a nutrient pulse ▶     Joost den Haan, Jef Huisman, Hannah J. Brocke et al.     Terrestrial runoff after heavy rainfall can increase nutrient concentrations in waters overlying coral reefs that otherwise experience low nutrient levels. Field measurements …             Informational laws of genome structures ▶     Vincenzo Bonnici, Vincenzo Manca     In recent years, the analysis of genomes by means of strings of length k occurring in the genomes, called k-mers, has provided important insights into the basic mechanisms and …             Lactobacillus crispatus inhibits the infectivity of Chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies, in vitro study ▶     Paola Nardini, Rogers Alberto Ñahui Palomino, Carola Parolin et al.     Lactobacillus species dominate the vaginal microbiota of healthy reproductive-age women and protect the genitourinary tract from the attack of several infectious agents. …             Disturbance-specific social responses in long-finned pilot whales, Globicephala melas ▶     Fleur Visser, Charlotte Curé, Petter H. Kvadsheim et al.     Social interactions among animals can influence their response to disturbance. We investigated responses of long-finned pilot whales to killer whale sound playbacks and two …             Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate experimental rheumatoid arthritis through microRNA-regulated IκB expression ▶     Xin Yan, Yurong Cen, Qin Wang     Previous studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation reduces the severity of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice, which is a model for …             Synthetic small molecule GLP-1 secretagogues prepared by means of a three-component indole annulation strategy ▶     Oleg G. Chepurny, Colin A. Leech, Martin Tomanik et al.     Rational assembly of small molecule libraries for purposes of drug discovery requires an efficient approach in which the synthesis of bioactive compounds is enabled so that …             Anti-tumor effect of β-glucan from Lentinus edodes and the underlying mechanism ▶     Hui Xu, Siwei Zou, Xiaojuan Xu et al.     β-Glucans are well known for its various bioactivities, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. This study focuses on the anti-tumor effect and the potential …             Autism phenotypes in ZnT3 null mice: Involvement of zinc dyshomeostasis, MMP-9 activation and BDNF upregulation ▶     Min Heui Yoo, Tae-Youn Kim, Young Hee Yoon et al.     To investigate the role of synaptic zinc in the ASD pathogenesis, we examined zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) null mice. At 4–5 weeks of age, male but not female ZnT3 null mice …             The calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 is an important modulator of hepatic injury ▶     Linda Sevelsted Møller, Annette Dam Fialla, Robert Schierwagen et al.     The calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 controls different cellular processes such as proliferation and volume homeostasis. We investigated the role of KCa3.1 in …             Enlarged colitogenic T cell population paradoxically supports colitis prevention through the B-lymphocyte-dependent peripheral generation of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells ▶     Fábio Barrozo do Canto, Sylvia Maria Nicolau Campos, Alessandra Granato et al.     Intestinal inflammation can be induced by the reconstitution of T/B cell-deficient mice with low numbers of CD4+ T lymphocytes depleted of CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg). …             SARS Coronavirus Fusion Peptide-Derived Sequence Suppresses Collagen-Induced Arthritis in DBA/1J Mice ▶     Zu T. Shen, Alexander B. Sigalov     During the co-evolution of viruses and their hosts, the viruses have evolved numerous strategies to counter and evade host antiviral immune responses in order to establish a …             A new strategy for exploring the hierarchical structure of cancers by adaptively partitioning functional modules from gene expression network ▶     Junmei Xu, Runyu Jing, Yuan Liu et al.     The interactions among the genes within a disease are helpful for better understanding the hierarchical structure of the complex biological system of it. Most of the current …             Novel Therapeutic Effects of Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma for Muscle Regeneration and Differentiation ▶     Jae Won Choi, Sung Un Kang, Yang Eun Kim et al.     Skeletal muscle can repair muscle tissue damage, but significant loss of muscle tissue or its long-lasting chronic degeneration makes injured skeletal muscle tissue difficult to …             Behavioral and neurophysiological evidence for increased cognitive flexibility in late childhood ▶     Nicole Wolff, Veit Roessner, Christian Beste     Executive functions, like the capacity to control and organize thoughts and behavior, develop from childhood to young adulthood. Although task switching and working memory …             A history-based method to estimate animal preference ▶     Caroline Marques Maia, Gilson Luiz Volpato     Giving animals their preferred items (e.g., environmental enrichment) has been suggested as a method to improve animal welfare, thus raising the question of how to determine what …             BC1 RNA motifs required for dendritic transport in vivo ▶     Thomas Robeck, Boris V. Skryabin, Timofey S. Rozhdestvensky et al.     BC1 RNA is a small brain specific non-protein coding RNA. It is transported from the cell body into dendrites where it is involved in the fine-tuning translational control. Due …             Functional map of arrestin binding to phosphorylated opsin, with and without agonist ▶     Christian Peterhans, Ciara C. M. Lally, Martin K. Ostermaier et al.     Arrestins desensitize G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and act as mediators of signalling. Here we investigated the interactions of arrestin-1 with two functionally distinct …             Characterization, correction and de novo assembly of an Oxford Nanopore genomic dataset from Agrobacterium tumefaciens ▶     Stéphane Deschamps, Joann Mudge, Connor Cameron et al.     The MinION is a portable single-molecule DNA sequencing instrument that was released by Oxford Nanopore Technologies in 2014, producing long sequencing reads by measuring changes …             Central tendency effects in time interval reproduction in autism ▶     Themelis Karaminis, Guido Marco Cicchini, Louise Neil et al.     Central tendency, the tendency of judgements of quantities (lengths, durations etc.) to gravitate towards their mean, is one of the most robust perceptual effects. A Bayesian …             Herpes simplex virus 1 induces egress channels through marginalized host chromatin ▶     Markko Myllys, Visa Ruokolainen, Vesa Aho et al.     Lytic infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) induces profound modification of the cell nucleus including formation of a viral replication compartment and chromatin …             Electroacupuncture ameliorates memory impairments by enhancing oligodendrocyte regeneration in a mouse model of prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion ▶     Sung Min Ahn, Yu Ri Kim, Ha Neui Kim et al.     We modeled prolonged cerebral hypoperfusion in mice using bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) and electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation was applied at two acupoints, …             The LIKE SEX FOUR2 regulates root development by modulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis in Arabidopsis ▶     Pingzhi Zhao, Lubomir N. Sokolov, Jian Ye et al.     Maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis plays a central role in plants, and is also critical for plant root development. Threshold levels of ROS act as signals for …             Soil Potassium Deficiency Reduces Cotton Fiber Strength by Accelerating and Shortening Fiber Development ▶     Jia-Shuo Yang, Wei Hu, Wenqing Zhao et al.     Low potassium (K)-induced premature senescence in cotton has been observed worldwide, but how it affects cotton fiber properties remain unclear. We hypothesized that K deficiency …             Discriminating the Independent Influence of Cell Adhesion and Spreading Area on Stem Cell Fate Determination Using Micropatterned Surfaces ▶     Xinlong Wang, Xiaohong Hu, Ida Dulińska-Molak et al.     Adhesion and spreading are essential processes of anchorage dependent cells involved in regulation of cell functions. Cells interact with their extracellular matrix (ECM) …             Environmental and Pharmacological Manipulations Blunt the Stress Response of Zebrafish in a Similar Manner ▶     Ana Cristina V. V. Giacomini, Murilo S. Abreu, Rodrigo Zanandrea et al.     Here we provide evidence that both pharmacological and environmental manipulations similarly blunt the cortisol release in response to an acute stressor in adult zebrafish. …             Ethoxyquin provides neuroprotection against cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity ▶     Jing Zhu, Valentina Alda Carozzi, Nicole Reed et al.     Ethoxyquin was recently identified as a neuroprotective compound against toxic neuropathies and efficacy was demonstrated against paclitaxel-induced neurotoxicity in vivo. In …             Mycobacterium tuberculosis Rv1152 is a Novel GntR Family Transcriptional Regulator Involved in Intrinsic Vancomycin Resistance and is a Potential Vancomycin Adjuvant Target ▶     Jie Zeng, Wanyan Deng, Wenmin Yang et al.     Novel factors involved in Mycobacteria antibiotics resistance are crucial for better targets to combat the ever-increasing drug resistant strains. Mycobacterium tuberculosis …             Epigenetic repression of ribosomal RNA transcription by ROCK-dependent aberrant cytoskeletal organization ▶     Tse-Hsiang Wu, Yuan-Yeh Kuo, Hsiao-Hui Lee et al.     It is known that ribosomal RNA (rRNA) synthesis is regulated by cellular energy and proliferation status. In this study, we investigated rRNA gene transcription in response to …             Guanine-rich sequences inhibit proofreading DNA polymerases ▶     Xiao-Jing Zhu, Shuhui Sun, Binghua Xie et al.     DNA polymerases with proofreading activity are important for accurate amplification of target DNA. Despite numerous efforts have been made to improve the proofreading DNA …             WISP1-αvβ3 integrin signaling positively regulates TLR-triggered inflammation response in sepsis induced lung injury ▶     Zhixia Chen, Xibing Ding, Shuqing Jin et al.     We recently noted that the matricellular protein WISP1 contributes to sepsis induced acute lung injury (ALI) via integrin β6. In the current study, we pursued further aspects of …             Long Non-coding RNA H19 Inhibits Adipocyte Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells through Epigenetic Modulation of Histone Deacetylases ▶     Yiping Huang, Yunfei Zheng, Chanyuan Jin et al.     Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) exhibit an increased propensity toward adipocyte differentiation accompanied by a reduction in osteogenesis in osteoporotic bone …             Human TRPA1 is a heat sensor displaying intrinsic U-shaped thermosensitivity ▶     Lavanya Moparthi, Tatjana I. Kichko, Mirjam Eberhardt et al.     Thermosensitive Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels are believed to respond to either cold or heat. In the case of TRP subtype A1 (TRPA1), there seems to be a …             Association of single nucleotide polymorphism rs3803662 with the risk of breast cancer ▶     Yuan Yang, Wenjing Wang, Guiyou Liu et al.     Large scale association studies have identified the single nucleotide polymorphism rs3803662 associated with breast cancer risk. However, the sample size of most studies is too …             Urbilaterian origin of paralogous GnRH and corazonin neuropeptide signalling pathways ▶     Shi Tian, Meet Zandawala, Isabel Beets et al.     Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is a key regulator of reproductive maturation in humans and other vertebrates. Homologs of GnRH and its cognate receptor have been …             Downregulation of stathmin 1 in human gallbladder carcinoma inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo ▶     Jiwen Wang, Yanli Yao, Yue Ming et al.     Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a highly lethal malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Despite extensive research, the underlying molecular mechanism of GBC remains largely …             Adaptation to second order stimulus features by electrosensory neurons causes ambiguity ▶     Zhubo D. Zhang, Maurice J. Chacron     Understanding the coding strategies used to process sensory input remains a central problem in neuroscience. Growing evidence suggests that sensory systems process natural …             RIG-I inhibits pancreatic β cell proliferation through competitive binding of activated Src ▶     Yi Pan, GuangMing Li, HengGao Zhong et al.     Nutrition is a necessary condition for cell proliferation, including pancreatic β cells; however, over-nutrition, and the resulting obesity and glucolipotoxicity, is a risk …             Virus-derived small RNAs in the penaeid shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis during acute infection of the DNA virus WSSV ▶     Chengzhang Liu, Fuhua Li, Yumiao Sun et al.     Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are two classes of small RNAs (sRNAs) that are critical for virus-host interplay via the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. …             Mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-M) and serine biosynthetic pathway genes are co-ordinately increased during anabolic agent-induced skeletal muscle growth ▶     D. M. Brown, H. Williams, K. J. P. Ryan et al.     We aimed to identify novel molecular mechanisms for muscle growth during administration of anabolic agents. Growing pigs (Duroc/(Landrace/Large-White)) were administered …             Formation and characteristics of biomimetic mineralo-organic particles in natural surface water ▶     Cheng-Yeu Wu, Jan Martel, Tsui-Yin Wong et al.     Recent studies have shown that nanoparticles exist in environmental water but the formation, characteristics and fate of such particles remain incompletely understood. We show …             Sol-gel synthesis of thorn-like ZnO nanoparticles endorsing mechanical stirring effect and their antimicrobial activities: Potential role as nano-antibiotics ▶     Mohd Farhan Khan, Akhter H. Ansari, M. Hameedullah et al.     The effect of mechanical stirring on sol-gel synthesis of thorn-like ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and antimicrobial activities is successfully reported in this study. The in-house …             High Fat Diets Induce Colonic Epithelial Cell Stress and Inflammation that is Reversed by IL-22 ▶     Max Gulhane, Lydia Murray, Rohan Lourie et al.     Prolonged high fat diets (HFD) induce low-grade chronic intestinal inflammation in mice, and diets high in saturated fat are a risk factor for the development of human …             Mycobacteriophage SWU1 gp39 can potentiate multiple antibiotics against Mycobacterium via altering the cell wall permeability ▶     Qiming Li, Mingliang Zhou, Xiangyu Fan et al.     M. tuberculosis is intrinsically tolerant to many antibiotics largely due to the imperviousness of its unusual mycolic acid-containing cell wall to most antimicrobials. The …             Pubertal development in healthy children is mirrored by DNA methylation patterns in peripheral blood ▶     Kristian Almstrup, Marie Lindhardt Johansen, Alexander S. Busch et al.     Puberty marks numerous physiological processes which are initiated by central activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, followed by development of secondary sexual …             Heterologous expression of a rice miR395 gene in Nicotiana tabacum impairs sulfate homeostasis ▶     Ning Yuan, Shuangrong Yuan, Zhigang Li et al.     Sulfur participates in many important mechanisms and pathways of plant development. The most common source of sulfur in soil –SO42−– is absorbed into root tissue and distributed …             Identification of SLC41A3 as a novel player in magnesium homeostasis ▶     Jeroen H.F. de Baaij, Francisco J. Arjona, Michiel van den Brand et al.     Regulation of the body Mg2+ balance takes place in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), where transcellular reabsorption determines the final urinary Mg2+ excretion. The …             Can the co-cultivation of rice and fish help sustain rice production? ▶     Liangliang Hu, Jian Zhang, Weizheng Ren et al.     Because rice feeds half of the world’s population, a secure global food supply depends on sustainable rice production. Here we test whether the co-cultivation of rice and fish …             Plasma proteomic analysis of stable coronary artery disease indicates impairment of reverse cholesterol pathway ▶     Trayambak Basak, Vinay Singh Tanwar, Gourav Bhardwaj et al.     Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the largest causes of death worldwide yet the traditional risk factors, although useful in identifying people at high risk, lack the …             Label Distribution in Tissues of Wheat Seedlings Cultivated with Tritium-Labeled Leonardite Humic Acid ▶     Natalia A. Kulikova, Dmitry P. Abroskin, Gennady A. Badun et al.     Humic substances (HS) play important roles in the biotic-abiotic interactions of the root plant and soil contributing to plant adaptation to external environments. However, their …             Azithromycin induces anti-viral effects in cultured bronchial epithelial cells from COPD patients ▶     Mandy Menzel, Hamid Akbarshahi, Leif Bjermer et al.     Rhinovirus infection is a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and may contribute to the development into severe stages of COPD. The …             Insights into Intrinsic Brain Networks based on Graph Theory and PET in right- compared to left-sided Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ▶     Thomas Vanicek, Andreas Hahn, Tatjana Traub-Weidinger et al.     The human brain exhibits marked hemispheric differences, though it is not fully understood to what extent lateralization of the epileptic focus is relevant. Preoperative [18…             Bacterial evolution in PCD and CF patients follows the same mutational steps ▶     Lea M. Sommer, Mikkel Christian Alanin, Rasmus L. Marvig et al.     Infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa increase morbidity in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Both diseases are associated with a defect of the …             The H3K9 methyltransferase Setdb1 regulates TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses in macrophages ▶     Rumi Hachiya, Takuya Shiihashi, Ibuki Shirakawa et al.     Proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages involves multiple regulatory mechanisms, which are affected by environmental and intrinsic stress. In particular, accumulating …             New insights about pilus formation in gut-adapted Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG from the crystal structure of the SpaA backbone-pilin subunit ▶     Priyanka Chaurasia, Shivendra Pratap, Ingemar von Ossowski et al.     Thus far, all solved structures of pilin-proteins comprising sortase-assembled pili are from pathogenic genera and species. Here, we present the first crystal structure of a …             Integrative Network-based Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Genome Wide Expression in Glioblastoma multiforme ▶     Dieter Henrik Heiland, Irina Mader, Pascal Schlosser et al.     The goal of this study was to identify correlations between metabolites from proton MR spectroscopy and genetic pathway activity in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Twenty patients …             Stereotactic Comparison Study of 18F-Alfatide and 18F-FDG PET Imaging in an LLC Tumor-Bearing C57BL/6 Mouse Model ▶     Yu-Chun Wei, Yongsheng Gao, Jianbo Zhang et al.     This study aimed to stereotactically compare the PET imaging performance of 18F-Alfatide (18F-ALF-NOTA-PRGD2, denoted as 18F-Alfatide) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and …             (-)-SCR1693 Protects against Memory Impairment and Hippocampal Damage in a Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rat Model ▶     Xiaoyin Zhu, Jingwei Tian, Songmei Sun et al.     Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is one of the most common causes of vascular dementia (VaD) and is recognised as an etiological factor in the development of Alzheimer’s …             Spontaneous mutations in Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from streptococcal toxic shock syndrome patients play roles in virulence ▶     Tadayoshi Ikebe, Takayuki Matsumura, Hisako Nihonmatsu et al.     Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus; GAS) is a widespread human pathogen and causes streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). STSS isolates have been previously shown …             Bisdemethoxycurcumin inhibits ovarian cancer via reducing oxidative stress mediated MMPs expressions ▶     Haifeng Pei, Yi Yang, Lin Cui et al.     As one main active compound of curcuminoids, Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) possesses several biological activities, such as anti-inflammation and anti-cancer activities. However, …             Metformin is a novel suppressor for transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 ▶     Han Xiao, Jianshu Zhang, Zhonghe Xu et al.     Metformin is a widely used first-line antidiabetic drug that has been shown to protect against a variety of specific diseases in addition to diabetes, including cardiovascular …             The impact of individual and combined abiotic factors on daily otolith growth in a coral reef fish ▶     Amelia S. Wenger, James Whinney, Brett Taylor et al.     Coral reefs are increasingly subjected to both local and global stressors, however, there is limited information on how reef organisms respond to their combined effects under …             Potential advantages of a novel chitosan-N-acetylcysteine surface modified nanostructured lipid carrier on the performance of ophthalmic delivery of curcumin ▶     Dandan Liu, Jinyu Li, Hao Pan et al.     The transient precorneal retention time and low penetration capacity into intraocular tissues are the key obstacles that hinder the ophthalmic drug delivery of many therapeutic …             Cadherin 23-C Regulates Microtubule Networks by Modifying CAMSAP3’s Function ▶     Satoe Takahashi, Vincent J. Mui, Samuel K. Rosenberg et al.     Cadherin-related 23 (CDH23) is an adhesive protein important for hearing and vision, while CAMSAP3/Marshalin is a microtubule (MT) minus-end binding protein that regulates MT …             Prenatal maternal stress and wheeze in children: novel insights into epigenetic regulation ▶     Saskia Trump, Matthias Bieg, Zuguang Gu et al.     Psychological stress during pregnancy increases the risk of childhood wheeze and asthma. However, the transmitting mechanisms remain largely unknown. Since epigenetic alterations …             Prolonged Culture of Aligned Skeletal Myotubes on Micromolded Gelatin Hydrogels ▶     Archana Bettadapur, Gio C. Suh, Nicholas A. Geisse et al.     In vitro models of skeletal muscle are critically needed to elucidate disease mechanisms, identify therapeutic targets, and test drugs pre-clinically. However, culturing skeletal …             Phosphocholine – an agonist of metabotropic but not of ionotropic functions of α9-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ▶     K. Richter, V. Mathes, M. Fronius et al.     We demonstrated previously that phosphocholine and phosphocholine-modified macromolecules efficiently inhibit ATP-dependent release of interleukin-1β from human and murine …             In vitro and in vivo study of epigallocatechin-3-gallate-induced apoptosis in aerobic glycolytic hepatocellular carcinoma cells involving inhibition of phosphofructokinase activity ▶     Sainan Li, Liwei Wu, Jiao Feng et al.     Glycolysis, as an altered cancer cell-intrinsic metabolism, is an essential hallmark of cancer. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is a metabolic sensor in the glycolytic pathway, and …             Differential induction of muscle atrophy pathways in two mouse models of spinal muscular atrophy ▶     Marc-Olivier Deguise, Justin G. Boyer, Emily R. McFall et al.     Motor neuron loss and neurogenic atrophy are hallmarks of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a leading genetic cause of infant deaths. Previous studies have focused on deciphering …               Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Revealing the morphological architecture of a shape memory polyurethane by simulation ▶     Jinlian Hu, Cuili Zhang, Fenglong Ji et al.     The lack of specific knowledge of the network structure in shape memory polymers (SMPs) has prevented us from gaining an in-depth understanding of their mechanisms and limited …             Programmed activation of cancer cell apoptosis: A tumor-targeted phototherapeutic topoisomerase I inhibitor ▶     Weon Sup Shin, Jiyou Han, Rajesh Kumar et al.     We report here a tumor-targeting masked phototherapeutic agent 1 (PT-1). This system contains SN-38—a prodrug of the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan. Topoisomerase I is a …             Mechanism of sodium chloride in promoting reduction of high-magnesium low-nickel oxide ore ▶     Shiwei Zhou, Yonggang Wei, Bo Li et al.     Sodium chloride has been proved that it is an effective promoter for the reduction of high-magnesium, low-nickel oxide ore. The aim of current work is to clarify the promotion …             Soft magnetic memory of silk cocoon membrane ▶     Manas Roy, Amarish Dubey, Sushil Kumar Singh et al.     Silk cocoon membrane (SCM), a solid matrix of protein fiber, responds to light, heat and moisture and converts these energies to electrical signals. Essentially it exhibits …             The normal modes of lattice vibrations of ice XI ▶     Peng Zhang, Zhe Wang, Ying-Bo Lu et al.     The vibrational spectrum of ice XI at thermal wavelengths using the CASTEP code, a first-principles simulation method, is investigated. A dual-track approach is constructed to …             Determination of nicotine in tobacco products based on mussel-inspired reduced graphene oxide-supported gold nanoparticles ▶     Yanqiu Jing, Xiuxiu Yuan, Qiu Yuan et al.     Polydopamine functionalized reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticle (PDA-RGO/Au) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by a simple and mild procedure. The PDA-RGO/Au …             Partially ordered state of ice XV ▶     K. Komatsu, F. Noritake, S. Machida et al.     Most ice polymorphs have order–disorder “pairs” in terms of hydrogen positions, which contributes to the rich variety of ice polymorphs; in fact, three recently discovered …             Limited Quantum Helium Transportation through Nano-channels by Quantum Fluctuation ▶     Tomonori Ohba     Helium at low temperatures has unique quantum properties such as superfluidity, which causes it to behave differently from a classical fluid. Despite our deep understanding of …             Polysaccharide Nanoparticles for Efficient siRNA Targeting in Cancer Cells by Supramolecular pKa Shift ▶     Ying-Ming Zhang, Yang Yang, Yu-Hui Zhang et al.     Biomacromolecular pKa shifting is considered as one of the most ubiquitous processes in biochemical events, e.g., the enzyme-catalyzed reaction and protein conformational …             A dinuclear ruthenium(II) complex as turn-on luminescent probe for hypochlorous acid and its application for in vivo imaging ▶     Zonglun Liu, Kuo Gao, Beng Wang et al.     A dinuclear ruthenium(II) complex Ruazo was designed and synthesized, in which oxidative cyclization of the azo and o-amino group was employed for the detection of hypochlorous …             Responsive Guest Encapsulation of Dynamic Conjugated Microporous Polymers ▶     Lai Xu, Youyong Li     The host-guest complexes of conjugated microporous polymers encapsulating C60 and dye molecules have been investigated systematically. The orientation of guest molecules inside …             Corrosion Behavior of Ti60 Alloy under a Solid NaCl Deposit in Wet Oxygen Flow at 600 °C ▶     Lei Fan, Li Liu, Zhongfen Yu et al.     The corrosion behavior of Ti60 alloy covered with a solid NaCl deposit in wet oxygen flow at 600 °C has been studied further by SEM, EDX, XPS, XRD, TEM and EPMA analysis. The …             Chemically driven negative linear compressibility in sodium amidoborane, Na(NH2BH3) ▶     Ewelina Magos-Palasyuk, Karol J. Fijalkowski, Taras Palasyuk     Over the past few years we have been witnessing a surge of scientific interest to materials exhibiting a rare mechanical effect such as negative linear compressibility (NLC). …             Growing Ultra-flat Organic Films on Graphene with a Face-on Stacking via Moderate Molecule-Substrate Interaction ▶     Ti Wang, Tika R. Kafle, Bhupal Kattel et al.     The electronic properties of small molecule organic crystals depend heavily on the molecular orientation. For multi-layer organic photovoltaics, it is desirable for the molecules …             Synthetic small molecule GLP-1 secretagogues prepared by means of a three-component indole annulation strategy ▶     Oleg G. Chepurny, Colin A. Leech, Martin Tomanik et al.     Rational assembly of small molecule libraries for purposes of drug discovery requires an efficient approach in which the synthesis of bioactive compounds is enabled so that …             Site-specific covalent modifications of human insulin by catechol estrogens: Reactivity and induced structural and functional changes ▶     Ming-Chun Ku, Chieh-Ming Fang, Juei-Tang Cheng et al.     Proteins, covalently modified by catechol estrogens (CEs), were identified recently from the blood serum of diabetic patients and referred to as estrogenized proteins. …             Metal-Free C–H Alkyliminylation and Acylation of Alkenes with Secondary Amides ▶     Pei-Qiang Huang, Ying-Hong Huang, Hui Geng et al.     Carbon–carbon bond formation by metal-free cross-coupling of two reactants with low reactivity represents a challenge in organic synthesis. Secondary amides and alkenes are two …             Soot Combustion over Nanostructured Ceria with Different Morphologies ▶     Wen Zhang, Xiaoyu Niu, Liqiang Chen et al.     In this study, nano-structure ceria with three different morphologies (nanorod, nanoparticle and flake) have been prepared by hydrothermal and solvothermal methods. The ceria …             Observation of number-density-dependent growth of plasmonic nanobubbles ▶     Takashi Nakajima, Xiaolong Wang, Souvik Chatterjee et al.     Interaction dynamics of laser pulses and nanoparticles are of great interest in recent years. In many cases, laser-nanoparticle interactions result in the formation of plasmonic …             Modelling how incorporation of divalent cations affects calcite wettability–implications for biomineralisation and oil recovery ▶     M. P. Andersson, K. Dideriksen, H. Sakuma et al.     Using density functional theory and geochemical speciation modelling, we predicted how solid-fluid interfacial energy is changed, when divalent cations substitute into a calcite …             Formation of a series of stable pillar[5]arene-based pseudo[1]-rotaxanes and their [1]rotaxanes in the crystal state ▶     Ying Han, Gui-Fei Huo, Jing Sun et al.     A series of mono-amide-functionalized pillar[5]arenes with different lengths of N-ω-aminoalkyl groups as the side chain on the rim were designed and synthesized, which all formed …             Ti-O-O coordination bond caused visible light photocatalytic property of layered titanium oxide ▶     Xingang Kong, Chaobin Zeng, Xing Wang et al.     The layered titanium oxide is a useful and unique precursor for the facile and rapid preparation of the peroxide layered titanium oxide H1.07Ti1.73O4·nH2O (HTO) crystal with …             Analyzing the performance of fluorescence parameters in the monitoring of leaf nitrogen content of paddy rice ▶     Jian Yang, Wei Gong, Shuo Shi et al.     Leaf nitrogen content (LNC) is a significant factor which can be utilized to monitor the status of paddy rice and it requires a reliable approach for fast and precise …             In-situ Isotopic Analysis at Nanoscale using Parallel Ion Electron Spectrometry: A Powerful New Paradigm for Correlative Microscopy ▶     Lluís Yedra, Santhana Eswara, David Dowsett et al.     Isotopic analysis is of paramount importance across the entire gamut of scientific research. To advance the frontiers of knowledge, a technique for nanoscale isotopic analysis is …                       npj Regenerative Medicine is an online only, open access, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to publishing high-quality research on ways to help the human body repair, replace and regenerate damaged tissues and organs. The first articles have now been published.    Read the inaugural content               Physical Sciences ▲ top               Soft magnetic memory of silk cocoon membrane ▶     Manas Roy, Amarish Dubey, Sushil Kumar Singh et al.     Silk cocoon membrane (SCM), a solid matrix of protein fiber, responds to light, heat and moisture and converts these energies to electrical signals. Essentially it exhibits …             152 fs nanotube-mode-locked thulium-doped all-fiber laser ▶     Jinzhang Wang, Xiaoyan Liang, Guohua Hu et al.     Ultrafast fiber lasers with broad bandwidth and short pulse duration have a variety of applications, such as ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy and supercontinuum generation. …             Highly sensitive gas-phase explosive detection by luminescent microporous polymer networks ▶     André Räupke, Alex Palma-Cando, Eugen Shkura et al.     We propose microporous networks (MPNs) of a light emitting spiro-carbazole based polymer (PSpCz) as luminescent sensor for nitro-aromatic compounds. The MPNs used in this study …             Revealing the morphological architecture of a shape memory polyurethane by simulation ▶     Jinlian Hu, Cuili Zhang, Fenglong Ji et al.     The lack of specific knowledge of the network structure in shape memory polymers (SMPs) has prevented us from gaining an in-depth understanding of their mechanisms and limited …             Role of Yb3+ ions on enhanced ~2.9 μm emission from Ho3+ ions in low phonon oxide glass system ▶     Sathravada Balaji, Gaurav Gupta, Kaushik Biswas et al.     The foremost limitation of an oxide based crystal or glass host to demonstrate mid- infrared emissions is its high phonon energy. It is very difficult to obtain radiative …             Highly conductive and flexible color filter electrode using multilayer film structure ▶     Jun Hee Han, Dong-Young Kim, Dohong Kim et al.     In this paper, a high performance flexible component that serves as a color filter and an electrode simultaneously is suggested. The suggested highly conductive and flexible …             Mechanism of sodium chloride in promoting reduction of high-magnesium low-nickel oxide ore ▶     Shiwei Zhou, Yonggang Wei, Bo Li et al.     Sodium chloride has been proved that it is an effective promoter for the reduction of high-magnesium, low-nickel oxide ore. The aim of current work is to clarify the promotion …             The normal modes of lattice vibrations of ice XI ▶     Peng Zhang, Zhe Wang, Ying-Bo Lu et al.     The vibrational spectrum of ice XI at thermal wavelengths using the CASTEP code, a first-principles simulation method, is investigated. A dual-track approach is constructed to …             Topological water wave states in a one-dimensional structure ▶     Zhaoju Yang, Fei Gao, Baile Zhang     Topological concepts have been introduced into electronic, photonic, and phononic systems, but have not been studied in surface-water-wave systems. Here we study a …             Strain-modulated ferromagnetism and band gap of Mn doped Bi2Se3 ▶     Shifei Qi, Hualing Yang, Juan Chen et al.     The quantized anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) have been theoretically predicted and experimentally confirmed in magnetic topological insulators (TI), but dissipative channels …             Partially ordered state of ice XV ▶     K. Komatsu, F. Noritake, S. Machida et al.     Most ice polymorphs have order–disorder “pairs” in terms of hydrogen positions, which contributes to the rich variety of ice polymorphs; in fact, three recently discovered …             Determination of nicotine in tobacco products based on mussel-inspired reduced graphene oxide-supported gold nanoparticles ▶     Yanqiu Jing, Xiuxiu Yuan, Qiu Yuan et al.     Polydopamine functionalized reduced graphene oxide-gold nanoparticle (PDA-RGO/Au) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by a simple and mild procedure. The PDA-RGO/Au …             The minimization of mechanical work in vibrated granular matter ▶     James P. D. Clewett, Jack Wade, R. M. Bowley et al.     Experiments and computer simulations are carried out to investigate phase separation in a granular gas under vibration. The densities of the dilute and the dense phase are found …             The different effects of twin boundary and grain boundary on reducing tension-compression yield asymmetry of Mg alloys ▶     Huihui Yu, Yunchang Xin, Adrien Chapuis et al.     In the present study, a coarse grained AZ31 plate was refined by twin boundaries (TBs) and grain boundaries (GBs), respectively. A comparative study about the different effects …             Exploring Ag(111) Substrate for Epitaxially Growing Monolayer Stanene: A First-Principles Study ▶     Junfeng Gao, Gang Zhang, Yong-Wei Zhang     Stanene, a two-dimensional topological insulator composed of Sn atoms in a hexagonal lattice, is a promising contender to Si in nanoelectronics. Currently it is still a …             Characteristic distribution of finite-time Lyapunov exponents for chimera states ▶     André E. Botha     Our fascination with chimera states stems partially from the somewhat paradoxical, yet fundamental trait of identical, and identically coupled, oscillators to split into …             Spin Funneling for Enhanced Spin Injection into Ferromagnets ▶     Shehrin Sayed, Vinh Q. Diep, Kerem Yunus Camsari et al.     It is well-established that high spin-orbit coupling (SOC) materials convert a charge current density into a spin current density which can be used to switch a magnet efficiently …             Unexpected electronic structure of the alloyed and doped arsenene sheets: First-Principles calculations ▶     Ming-Yang Liu, Yang Huang, Qing-Yuan Chen et al.     We study the equilibrium geometry and electronic structure of alloyed and doped arsenene sheets based on the density functional theory calculations. AsN, AsP and SbAs alloys …             Corrigendum: The changing shape of vaccination: improving immune responses through geometrical variations of a microdevice for immunization ▶     Michael Lawrence Crichton, David Alexander Muller, Alexandra Christina Isabelle Depelsenaire et al.                 Programmed activation of cancer cell apoptosis: A tumor-targeted phototherapeutic topoisomerase I inhibitor ▶     Weon Sup Shin, Jiyou Han, Rajesh Kumar et al.     We report here a tumor-targeting masked phototherapeutic agent 1 (PT-1). This system contains SN-38—a prodrug of the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan. Topoisomerase I is a …             New insights in Microbial Fuel Cells: novel solid phase anolyte ▶     Tonia Tommasi, Gian Paolo Salvador, Marzia Quaglio     For the development of long lasting portable microbial fuel cells (MFCs) new strategies are necessary to overcome critical issues such as hydraulic pump system and the …             Observations of movement dynamics of flying insects using high resolution lidar ▶     Carsten Kirkeby, Maren Wellenreuther, Mikkel Brydegaard     Insects are fundamental to ecosystem functioning and biodiversity, yet the study of insect movement, dispersal and activity patterns remains a challenge. Here we present results …             Nanoscale imaging of untreated mammalian cells in a medium with low radiation damage using scanning electron-assisted dielectric microscopy ▶     Tomoko Okada, Toshihiko Ogura     Imaging of untreated living cells in a medium at a nanometre-scale resolution under physiological conditions is a significant challenge. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is …             Ultradispersed Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Assembled in Graphene Aerogel for Continuous Photo-Fenton Reaction and Enhanced Lithium Storage Performance ▶     Bocheng Qiu, Yuanxin Deng, Mengmeng Du et al.     The Photo-Fenton reaction is an advanced technology to eliminate organic pollutants in environmental chemistry. Moreover, the conversion rate of Fe3+/Fe2+ and utilization rate of …             On-Chip Quantitative Measurement of Mechanical Stresses During Cell Migration with Emulsion Droplets ▶     D. Molino, S. Quignard, C. Gruget et al.     The ability of immune cells to migrate within narrow and crowded spaces is a critical feature involved in various physiological processes from immune response to metastasis. …             Limited Quantum Helium Transportation through Nano-channels by Quantum Fluctuation ▶     Tomonori Ohba     Helium at low temperatures has unique quantum properties such as superfluidity, which causes it to behave differently from a classical fluid. Despite our deep understanding of …             Why the dipolar response in dielectrics and spin-glasses is unavoidably universal ▶     Eduardo Cuervo-Reyes     Materials response to electric or magnetic fields is often dominated by the dynamics of dipoles in the system. This is for instance the case of polar dielectrics and many …             Integration scheme of nanoscale resistive switching memory using bottom-up processes at room temperature for high-density memory applications ▶     Un-Bin Han, Jang-Sik Lee     A facile and versatile scheme is demonstrated to fabricate nanoscale resistive switching memory devices that exhibit reliable bipolar switching behavior. A solution process is …             Super-Resonant Intracavity Coherent Absorption ▶     P. Malara, C. E. Campanella, A. Giorgini et al.     The capability of optical resonators to extend the effective radiation-matter interaction length originates from a multipass effect, hence is intrinsically limited by the …             Image Quality Ranking Method for Microscopy ▶     Sami Koho, Elnaz Fazeli, John E. Eriksson et al.     Automated analysis of microscope images is necessitated by the increased need for high-resolution follow up of events in time. Manually finding the right images to be analyzed, …             Towards Enhanced Performance Thin-film Composite Membranes via Surface Plasma Modification ▶     Rackel Reis, Ludovic F. Dumée, Blaise L. Tardy et al.     Advancing the design of thin-film composite membrane surfaces is one of the most promising pathways to deal with treating varying water qualities and increase their long-term …             Charge storage in oxygen deficient phases of TiO2: defect Physics without defects ▶     A. C. M. Padilha, H. Raebiger, A. R. Rocha et al.     Defects in semiconductors can exhibit multiple charge states, which can be used for charge storage applications. Here we consider such charge storage in a series of oxygen …             Diffraction response of photorefractive polymers over nine orders of magnitude of pulse duration ▶     Pierre-Alexandre Blanche, Brittany Lynn, Dmitriy Churin et al.     The development of a single mode fiber-based pulsed laser with variable pulse duration, energy, and repetition rate has enabled the characterization of photorefractive polymer …             Piezoelectricity and rotostriction through polar and non-polar coupled instabilities in bismuth-based piezoceramics ▶     Matias Acosta, Ljubomira A. Schmitt, Claudio Cazorla et al.     Coupling of order parameters provides a means to tune functionality in advanced materials including multiferroics, superconductors, and ionic conductors. We demonstrate that the …             Polysaccharide Nanoparticles for Efficient siRNA Targeting in Cancer Cells by Supramolecular pKa Shift ▶     Ying-Ming Zhang, Yang Yang, Yu-Hui Zhang et al.     Biomacromolecular pKa shifting is considered as one of the most ubiquitous processes in biochemical events, e.g., the enzyme-catalyzed reaction and protein conformational …             Band-like transport in highly crystalline graphene films from defective graphene oxides ▶     R. Negishi, M. Akabori, T. Ito et al.     The electrical transport property of the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) thin-films synthesized from defective GO through thermal treatment in a reactive ethanol environment at high …             Optical gain in GaAsBi/GaAs quantum well diode lasers ▶     Igor P. Marko, Christopher A. Broderick, Shirong Jin et al.     Electrically pumped GaAsBi/GaAs quantum well lasers are a promising new class of near-infrared devices where, by use of the unusual band structure properties of GaAsBi alloys, it …             InGaN Light-Emitting Diodes with an Embedded Nanoporous GaN Distributed Bragg Reflectors ▶     Guo-Yi Shiu, Kuei-Ting Chen, Feng-Hsu Fan et al.     InGaN light emitting diodes (LED) structure with an embedded 1/4λ-stack nanoporous-GaN/undoped-GaN distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) structure have been demonstrated. Si-heavily …             A realistic fabrication and design concept for quantum gates based on single emitters integrated in plasmonic-dielectric waveguide structures ▶     Günter Kewes, Max Schoengen, Oliver Neitzke et al.     Tremendous enhancement of light-matter interaction in plasmonic-dielectric hybrid devices allows for non-linearities at the level of single emitters and few photons, such as …             Stimulated emission of Cooper pairs in a high-temperature cuprate superconductor ▶     Wentao Zhang, Tristan Miller, Christopher L. Smallwood et al.     The concept of stimulated emission of bosons has played an important role in modern science and technology, and constitutes the working principle for lasers. In a stimulated …             Shapes of minimal-energy DNA ropes condensed in confinement ▶     Antonio Šiber     Shapes of a single, long DNA molecule condensed in a confinement of a virus capsid are described as conformations optimizing a model free energy functional accounting for the …             Ultrasensitive multiplex optical quantification of bacteria in large samples of biofluids ▶     Nicolas Pazos-Perez, Elena Pazos, Carme Catala et al.     Efficient treatments in bacterial infections require the fast and accurate recognition of pathogens, with concentrations as low as one per milliliter in the case of septicemia. …             Robust Multiple-Range Coherent Quantum State Transfer ▶     Bing Chen, Yan-Dong Peng, Yong Li et al.     We propose a multiple-range quantum communication channel to realize coherent two-way quantum state transport with high fidelity. In our scheme, an information carrier (a qubit) …             Nanoscale electrical properties of epitaxial Cu3Ge film ▶     Fan Wu, Wei Cai, Jia Gao et al.     Cu3Ge has been pursued as next-generation interconnection/contact material due to its high thermal stability, low bulk resistivity and diffusion barrier property. Improvements in …             Unbreakable distributed storage with quantum key distribution network and password-authenticated secret sharing ▶     M. Fujiwara, A. Waseda, R. Nojima et al.     Distributed storage plays an essential role in realizing robust and secure data storage in a network over long periods of time. A distributed storage system consists of a data …             ‘Squeezing’ near-field thermal emission for ultra-efficient high-power thermophotovoltaic conversion ▶     Aristeidis Karalis, J. D. Joannopoulos     We numerically demonstrate near-field planar ThermoPhotoVoltaic systems with very high efficiency and output power, at large vacuum gaps. Example performances include: at 1200 °K …             Deep tissue volume imaging of birefringence through fibre-optic needle probes for the delineation of breast tumour ▶     Martin Villiger, Dirk Lorenser, Robert A. McLaughlin et al.     Identifying tumour margins during breast-conserving surgeries is a persistent challenge. We have previously developed miniature needle probes that could enable intraoperative …             Classification of fracture and non-fracture groups by analysis of coherent X-ray scatter ▶     A. J. Dicken, J. P. O. Evans, K. D. Rogers et al.     Osteoporotic fractures present a significant social and economic burden, which is set to rise commensurately with the aging population. Greater understanding of the …             Volumetric Light-Field Excitation ▶     David C. Schedl, Oliver Bimber     We explain how to concentrate light simultaneously at multiple selected volumetric positions by means of a 4D illumination light field. First, to select target objects, a 4D …             Synergistic Effect of H2O2 and NO2 in Cell Death Induced by Cold Atmospheric He Plasma ▶     Pierre-Marie Girard, Atousa Arbabian, Michel Fleury et al.     Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (CAPPs) have emerged over the last decade as a new promising therapy to fight cancer. CAPPs’ antitumor activity is primarily due to the delivery …             Anti-cancer efficacy of nonthermal plasma dissolved in a liquid, liquid plasma in heterogeneous cancer cells ▶     Ngoc Hoan Nguyen, Hyung Jun Park, Sang Sik Yang et al.     The therapeutic potential of nonthermal plasma for cancer treatment has been reported recently. The heterogeneity of cancer cells need to be addressed to design effective …             Time resolved X-ray Dark-Field Tomography Revealing Water Transport in a Fresh Cement Sample ▶     Friedrich Prade, Kai Fischer, Detlef Heinz et al.     Grating-based X-ray dark-field tomography is a promising technique for biomedical and materials research. Even if the resolution of conventional X-ray tomography does not suffice …             Chemically driven negative linear compressibility in sodium amidoborane, Na(NH2BH3) ▶     Ewelina Magos-Palasyuk, Karol J. Fijalkowski, Taras Palasyuk     Over the past few years we have been witnessing a surge of scientific interest to materials exhibiting a rare mechanical effect such as negative linear compressibility (NLC). …             A dinuclear ruthenium(II) complex as turn-on luminescent probe for hypochlorous acid and its application for in vivo imaging ▶     Zonglun Liu, Kuo Gao, Beng Wang et al.     A dinuclear ruthenium(II) complex Ruazo was designed and synthesized, in which oxidative cyclization of the azo and o-amino group was employed for the detection of hypochlorous …             Tunnelling current-voltage characteristics of Angstrom gaps measured with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy ▶     Joon-Yeon Kim, Bong Joo Kang, Young-Mi Bahk et al.     Quantum tunnelling becomes inevitable as gap dimensions in metal structures approach the atomic length scale, and light passing through these gaps can be used to examine the …             Growing Ultra-flat Organic Films on Graphene with a Face-on Stacking via Moderate Molecule-Substrate Interaction ▶     Ti Wang, Tika R. Kafle, Bhupal Kattel et al.     The electronic properties of small molecule organic crystals depend heavily on the molecular orientation. For multi-layer organic photovoltaics, it is desirable for the molecules …             High Frequency Dielectric Characteristics of Electrochromic, WO3 and NiO Films with LiNbO3 Electrolyte ▶     S. Bulja, R. Kopf, A. Tate et al.     A great deal of attention has been recently focused on Electrochromic (EC) materials and EC based devices, promoting mainly applications related to display technology. In this …             A 23-dB bismuth-doped optical fiber amplifier for a 1700-nm band ▶     Sergei V. Firstov, Sergey V. Alyshev, Konstantin E. Riumkin et al.     It is now almost twenty-five years since the first Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) was demonstrated. Currently, the EDFA is one of the most important elements widely used in …             Responsive Guest Encapsulation of Dynamic Conjugated Microporous Polymers ▶     Lai Xu, Youyong Li     The host-guest complexes of conjugated microporous polymers encapsulating C60 and dye molecules have been investigated systematically. The orientation of guest molecules inside …             Corrosion Behavior of Ti60 Alloy under a Solid NaCl Deposit in Wet Oxygen Flow at 600 °C ▶     Lei Fan, Li Liu, Zhongfen Yu et al.     The corrosion behavior of Ti60 alloy covered with a solid NaCl deposit in wet oxygen flow at 600 °C has been studied further by SEM, EDX, XPS, XRD, TEM and EPMA analysis. The …             One Step Quantum Key Distribution Based on EPR Entanglement ▶     Jian Li, Na Li, Lei-Lei Li et al.     A novel quantum key distribution protocol is presented, based on entanglement and dense coding and allowing asymptotically secure key distribution. Considering the storage time …             Flexible Lamination-Fabricated Ultra-High Frequency Diodes Based on Self-Supporting Semiconducting Composite Film of Silicon Micro-Particles and Nano-Fibrillated Cellulose ▶     Negar Sani, Xin Wang, Hjalmar Granberg et al.     Low cost and flexible devices such as wearable electronics, e-labels and distributed sensors will make the future “internet of things” viable. To power and communicate with such …             Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Bio-oil Model Compounds over Pt/HY Catalyst ▶     Heejin Lee, Hannah Kim, Mi Jin Yu et al.     The hydrodeoxygenation of a model compound of lignin-derived bio-oil, guaiacol, which can be obtained from the pyrolysis of biomass to bio-oil, has attracted considerable …             Indefinite Plasmonic Beam Engineering by In-plane Holography ▶     J. Chen, L. Li, T. Li et al.     Recent advances in controlling the optical phase at the sub-wavelength scale by meta-structures offer unprecedented possibilities in the beam engineering, holograms, and even …             The entire mean weighted first-passage time on a family of weighted treelike networks ▶     Meifeng Dai, Yanqiu Sun, Yu Sun et al.     In this paper, we consider the entire mean weighted first-passage time (EMWFPT) with random walks on a family of weighted treelike networks. The EMWFPT on weighted networks is …             Four-junction superconducting circuit ▶     Yueyin Qiu, Wei Xiong, Xiao-Ling He et al.     We develop a theory for the quantum circuit consisting of a superconducting loop interrupted by four Josephson junctions and pierced by a magnetic flux (either static or …             Spatially oriented plasmonic ‘nanograter’ structures ▶     Zhe Liu, Ajuan Cui, Zhijie Gong et al.     One of the key motivations in producing 3D structures has always been the realization of metamaterials with effective constituent properties that can be tuned in all propagation …             Inhomogeneous Point-Processes to Instantaneously Assess Affective Haptic Perception through Heartbeat Dynamics Information ▶     G. Valenza, A. Greco, L. Citi et al.     This study proposes the application of a comprehensive signal processing framework, based on inhomogeneous point-process models of heartbeat dynamics, to instantaneously assess …             Growth of Co2FeAl Heusler alloy thin films on Si(100) having very small Gilbert damping by Ion beam sputtering ▶     Sajid Husain, Serkan Akansel, Ankit Kumar et al.     The influence of growth temperature Ts (300–773 K) on the structural phase ordering, static and dynamic magnetization behaviour has been investigated in ion beam sputtered full …             Novel Colloidal MoS2 Quantum Dot Heterojunctions on Silicon Platforms for Multifunctional Optoelectronic Devices ▶     Subhrajit Mukherjee, Rishi Maiti, Ajit K. Katiyar et al.     Silicon compatible wafer scale MoS2 heterojunctions are reported for the first time using colloidal quantum dots. Size dependent direct band gap emission of MoS2 dots are …             A self-sustaining atomic magnetometer with τ−1 averaging property ▶     C. Xu, S. G. Wang, Y. Y. Feng et al.     Quantum measurement using coherent superposition of intrinsic atomic states has the advantage of being absolute measurement and can form metrological standards. One example is …             Wide-field imaging of birefringent synovial fluid crystals using lens-free polarized microscopy for gout diagnosis ▶     Yibo Zhang, Seung Yoon Celine Lee, Yun Zhang et al.     Gout is a form of crystal arthropathy where monosodium urate (MSU) crystals deposit and elicit inflammation in a joint. Diagnosis of gout relies on identification of MS crystals …             Real-time observations of lithium battery reactions—operando neutron diffraction analysis during practical operation ▶     Sou Taminato, Masao Yonemura, Shinya Shiotani et al.     Among the energy storage devices for applications in electric vehicles and stationary uses, lithium batteries typically deliver high performance. However, there is still a …             Iron overload by Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles is a High Risk Factor in Cirrhosis by a Systems Toxicology Assessment ▶     Yushuang Wei, Mengzhu Zhao, Fang Yang et al.     Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a contrast agent have been widely used in magnetic resonance imaging for tumor diagnosis and theranostics. However, there …             The synchronization of neuronal oscillators determined by the directed network structure of the suprachiasmatic nucleus under different photoperiods ▶     Changgui Gu, Ming Tang, Huijie Yang     The main function of the principal clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of mammals is synchronizing the body rhythms to the 24 h light-dark cycle. Additionally, the …             Subsurface Super-resolution Imaging of Unstained Polymer Nanostructures ▶     Ben E. Urban, Biqin Dong, The-Quyen Nguyen et al.     Optical imaging has offered unique advantages in material researches, such as spectroscopy and lifetime measurements of deeply embedded materials, which cannot be matched using …             Super-oscillatory focusing of circularly polarized light by ultra-long focal length planar lens based on binary amplitude-phase modulation ▶     Gang Chen, Yuyan Li, Anping Yu et al.     In traditional optics, the focal spot size of a conventional lens is restricted to the diffraction limit 0.5λ/NA, where λ is the wavelength in vacuum and NA is the numerical …             Evolution and Engineering of Precisely Controlled Ge Nanostructures on Scalable Array of Ordered Si Nano-pillars ▶     Shuguang Wang, Tong Zhou, Dehui Li et al.     The scalable array of ordered nano-pillars with precisely controllable quantum nanostructures (QNs) are ideal candidates for the exploration of the fundamental features of cavity …             Propylene/propane permeation properties of ethyl cellulose (EC) mixed matrix membranes fabricated by incorporation of nanoporous graphene nanosheets ▶     Bingbing Yuan, Haixiang Sun, Tao Wang et al.     Nanopore containing graphene nanosheets were synthesized by graphene oxide and a reducing agent using a facile hydrothermal treatment in sodium hydroxide media. The as-prepared …             Soot Combustion over Nanostructured Ceria with Different Morphologies ▶     Wen Zhang, Xiaoyu Niu, Liqiang Chen et al.     In this study, nano-structure ceria with three different morphologies (nanorod, nanoparticle and flake) have been prepared by hydrothermal and solvothermal methods. The ceria …             Observation of number-density-dependent growth of plasmonic nanobubbles ▶     Takashi Nakajima, Xiaolong Wang, Souvik Chatterjee et al.     Interaction dynamics of laser pulses and nanoparticles are of great interest in recent years. In many cases, laser-nanoparticle interactions result in the formation of plasmonic …             Synthetic small molecule GLP-1 secretagogues prepared by means of a three-component indole annulation strategy ▶     Oleg G. Chepurny, Colin A. Leech, Martin Tomanik et al.     Rational assembly of small molecule libraries for purposes of drug discovery requires an efficient approach in which the synthesis of bioactive compounds is enabled so that …             Tunable tapered waveguide for efficient compression of light to graphene surface plasmons ▶     Bo Han Cheng, Hong Wen Chen, Yi-Jun Jen et al.     Dielectric-graphene-dielectric (DGD) structure has been widely used to construct optical devices at infrared region with features of small footprint and low-energy dissipation. …             Computational imaging with a balanced detector ▶     F. Soldevila, P. Clemente, E. Tajahuerce et al.     Single-pixel cameras allow to obtain images in a wide range of challenging scenarios, including broad regions of the electromagnetic spectrum and through scattering media. …             Demosaiced pixel super-resolution for multiplexed holographic color imaging ▶     Yichen Wu, Yibo Zhang, Wei Luo et al.     To synthesize a holographic color image, one can sequentially take three holograms at different wavelengths, e.g., at red (R), green (G) and blue (B) parts of the spectrum, and …             Photonic Programmable Tele-Cloning Network ▶     Wei Li, Ming-Cheng Chen     The concept of quantum teleportation allows an unknown quantum states to be broadcasted and processed in a distributed quantum network. The quantum information injected into the …             Experimentally simulating quantum walks with self-collimated light ▶     F. Qi, Y. F. Wang, Q. Y. Ma et al.     In self-collimated photonic crystal, periodically arranged air holes of sub-wavelength scale provide flattened equi-frequency curves perpendicular to the ΓM direction, which …             A new mechanism for dendritic pattern formation in dense systems ▶     Noriko Oikawa, Rei Kurita     Patterns are often formed when particles cluster: Since patterns reflect the connectivity of different types of material, the emergence of patterns affects the physical and …             A Broadband Terahertz Waveguide T-Junction Variable Power Splitter ▶     Kimberly S. Reichel, Rajind Mendis, Daniel M. Mittleman     In order for the promise of terahertz (THz) wireless communications to become a reality, many new devices need to be developed, such as those for routing THz waves. We …             Coherent destruction of tunneling in two-level system driven across avoided crossing via photon statistics ▶     Qiang Miao, Yujun Zheng     In this paper, the nature of the multi-order resonance and coherent destruction of tunneling (CDT) for two-level system driven cross avoided crossing is investigated by employing …             Low Cost Inkjet Printed Smart Bandage for Wireless Monitoring of Chronic Wounds ▶     Muhammad Fahad Farooqui, Atif Shamim     Chronic wounds affect millions of patients around the world and their treatment is challenging as the early signs indicating their development are subtle. In addition, a type of …             Modelling how incorporation of divalent cations affects calcite wettability–implications for biomineralisation and oil recovery ▶     M. P. Andersson, K. Dideriksen, H. Sakuma et al.     Using density functional theory and geochemical speciation modelling, we predicted how solid-fluid interfacial energy is changed, when divalent cations substitute into a calcite …             Site-specific covalent modifications of human insulin by catechol estrogens: Reactivity and induced structural and functional changes ▶     Ming-Chun Ku, Chieh-Ming Fang, Juei-Tang Cheng et al.     Proteins, covalently modified by catechol estrogens (CEs), were identified recently from the blood serum of diabetic patients and referred to as estrogenized proteins. …             Metal-Free C–H Alkyliminylation and Acylation of Alkenes with Secondary Amides ▶     Pei-Qiang Huang, Ying-Hong Huang, Hui Geng et al.     Carbon–carbon bond formation by metal-free cross-coupling of two reactants with low reactivity represents a challenge in organic synthesis. Secondary amides and alkenes are two …             Holographic microscopy and microfluidics platform for measuring wall stress and 3D flow over surfaces textured by micro-pillars ▶     Humberto Bocanegra Evans, Serdar Gorumlu, Burak Aksak et al.     Understanding how fluid flow interacts with micro-textured surfaces is crucial for a broad range of key biological processes and engineering applications including particle …             Optofluidic UV-Vis spectrophotometer for online monitoring of photocatalytic reactions ▶     Ning Wang, Furui Tan, Yu Zhao et al.     On-chip integration of optical detection units into the microfluidic systems for online monitoring is highly desirable for many applications and is also well in line with the …             Informational laws of genome structures ▶     Vincenzo Bonnici, Vincenzo Manca     In recent years, the analysis of genomes by means of strings of length k occurring in the genomes, called k-mers, has provided important insights into the basic mechanisms and …             Steady State Ocean Response to Wind Forcing in Extratropical Frontal Regions ▶     Meghan F. Cronin, Tomoki Tozuka     In regions of strong sea surface temperature (SST) gradients, the surface “geostrophic” currents have a vertical shear aligned with the surface density front defined by the …             Fabrication of magnetic water-soluble hyperbranched polyol functionalized graphene oxide for high-efficiency water remediation ▶     Lihua Hu, Yan Li, Xuefei Zhang et al.     Magnetic water-soluble hyperbranched polyol functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite (MWHPO-GO) was successfully prepared and applied to water remediation in this paper. …             Controlling the corrosion and cathodic activation of magnesium via microalloying additions of Ge ▶     R. L. Liu, M. F. Hurley, A. Kvryan et al.     The evolution of corrosion morphology and kinetics for magnesium (Mg) have been demonstrated to be influenced by cathodic activation, which implies that the rate of the cathodic …             Ti-O-O coordination bond caused visible light photocatalytic property of layered titanium oxide ▶     Xingang Kong, Chaobin Zeng, Xing Wang et al.     The layered titanium oxide is a useful and unique precursor for the facile and rapid preparation of the peroxide layered titanium oxide H1.07Ti1.73O4·nH2O (HTO) crystal with …             Laminar-Turbulent Transition in Raman Fiber Lasers: A First Passage Statistics Based Analysis ▶     Amit K. Chattopadhyay, Diar Nasiev, Srikanth Sugavanam et al.     Loss of coherence with increasing excitation amplitudes and spatial size modulation is a fundamental problem in designing Raman fiber lasers. While it is known that ramping up …             Direct Measurement of Polarization-Induced Fields in GaN/AlN by Nano-Beam Electron Diffraction ▶     Daniel Carvalho, Knut Müller-Caspary, Marco Schowalter et al.     The built-in piezoelectric fields in group III-nitrides can act as road blocks on the way to maximizing the efficiency of opto-electronic devices. In order to overcome this …             Role of Polar Phonons in the Photo Excited State of Metal Halide Perovskites ▶     Menno Bokdam, Tobias Sander, Alessandro Stroppa et al.     The development of high efficiency perovskite solar cells has sparked a multitude of measurements on the optical properties of these materials. For the most studied …             Heralded quantum repeater based on the scattering of photons off single emitters using parametric down-conversion source ▶     Guo-Zhu Song, Fang-Zhou Wu, Mei Zhang et al.     Quantum repeater is the key element in quantum communication and quantum information processing. Here, we investigate the possibility of achieving a heralded quantum repeater …             Formation of a series of stable pillar[5]arene-based pseudo[1]-rotaxanes and their [1]rotaxanes in the crystal state ▶     Ying Han, Gui-Fei Huo, Jing Sun et al.     A series of mono-amide-functionalized pillar[5]arenes with different lengths of N-ω-aminoalkyl groups as the side chain on the rim were designed and synthesized, which all formed …             Metformin is a novel suppressor for transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 ▶     Han Xiao, Jianshu Zhang, Zhonghe Xu et al.     Metformin is a widely used first-line antidiabetic drug that has been shown to protect against a variety of specific diseases in addition to diabetes, including cardiovascular …             Analyzing the performance of fluorescence parameters in the monitoring of leaf nitrogen content of paddy rice ▶     Jian Yang, Wei Gong, Shuo Shi et al.     Leaf nitrogen content (LNC) is a significant factor which can be utilized to monitor the status of paddy rice and it requires a reliable approach for fast and precise …             Circularly polarized laser emission induced in isotropic and achiral dye systems ▶     Luis Cerdán, Sara García-Moreno, Angel Costela et al.     The production of efficient, tunable, and switchable circularly polarized laser emission would have far reaching implications in optical communications or biophotonics. In this …             In-situ Isotopic Analysis at Nanoscale using Parallel Ion Electron Spectrometry: A Powerful New Paradigm for Correlative Microscopy ▶     Lluís Yedra, Santhana Eswara, David Dowsett et al.     Isotopic analysis is of paramount importance across the entire gamut of scientific research. To advance the frontiers of knowledge, a technique for nanoscale isotopic analysis is …             High- and Reproducible-Performance Graphene/II-VI Semiconductor Film Hybrid Photodetectors ▶     Fan Huang, Feixiang Jia, Caoyuan Cai et al.     High- and reproducible-performance photodetectors are critical to the development of many technologies, which mainly include one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure based and film …             Optomechanically induced transparency in multi-cavity optomechanical system with and without one two-level atom ▶     Amjad Sohail, Yang Zhang, Jun Zhang et al.     We analytically study the optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) in the N-cavity system with the Nth cavity driven by pump, probing laser fields and the 1st cavity coupled …             Comprehensive stabilization mechanism of electron-beam irradiated polyacrylonitrile fibers to shorten the conventional thermal treatment ▶     Sejoon Park, Seung Hwa Yoo, Ha Ri Kang et al.     An electron beam was irradiated on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers prior to thermal stabilization. The electron-beam irradiation effectively shortened the thermal stabilization …             Rotational symmetry breaking in the topological superconductor SrxBi2Se3 probed by upper-critical field experiments ▶     Y. Pan, A. M. Nikitin, G. K. Araizi et al.     Recently it was demonstrated that Sr intercalation provides a new route to induce superconductivity in the topological insulator Bi2Se3. Topological superconductors are predicted …             Improved Separability Criteria Based on Bloch Representation of Density Matrices ▶     Shu-Qian Shen, Juan Yu, Ming Li et al.     The correlation matrices or tensors in the Bloch representation of density matrices are encoded with entanglement properties. In this paper, based on the Bloch representation of …             Piezoresistive effect in p-type 3C-SiC at high temperatures characterized using Joule heating ▶     Hoang-Phuong Phan, Toan Dinh, Takahiro Kozeki et al.     Cubic silicon carbide is a promising material for Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) applications in harsh environ-ments and bioapplications thanks to its large band gap, …             Prolonged Culture of Aligned Skeletal Myotubes on Micromolded Gelatin Hydrogels ▶     Archana Bettadapur, Gio C. Suh, Nicholas A. Geisse et al.     In vitro models of skeletal muscle are critically needed to elucidate disease mechanisms, identify therapeutic targets, and test drugs pre-clinically. However, culturing skeletal …             Loss/gain-induced ultrathin antireflection coatings ▶     Jie Luo, Sucheng Li, Bo Hou et al.     Tradional antireflection coatings composed of dielectric layers usually require the thickness to be larger than quarter wavelength. Here, we demonstrate that materials with …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Comparative Study of Carbon Materials Synthesized “Greenly” for 2-CP Removal ▶     Ying Ma, Nan Lu, Ying Lu et al.     Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (GA) and carbon nanospheres (CNSs) were prepared respectively using grass (Festucaarundinace) as the sole carbon resource by solvothermal method …             Surviving but not thriving: inconsistent responses of zooxanthellate jellyfish polyps to ocean warming and future UV-B scenarios ▶     Shannon G. Klein, Kylie A. Pitt, Anthony R. Carroll     Complex changes to UV radiation at the Earth’s surface are occurring concurrently with ocean warming. Despite few empirical tests, jellyfish are hypothesised to be increasing in …             More than carbon sequestration: Biophysical climate benefits of restored savanna woodlands ▶     Jozef I. Syktus, Clive A. McAlpine     Deforestation and climate change are interconnected and represent major environmental challenges. Here, we explore the capacity of regional-scale restoration of marginal …             DNA barcoding identifies a cosmopolitan diet in the ocean sunfish ▶     Lara L. Sousa, Raquel Xavier, Vânia Costa et al.     The ocean sunfish (Mola mola) is the world’s heaviest bony fish reaching a body mass of up to 2.3 tonnes. However, the prey M. mola consumes to fuel this prodigious growth …             Effects of landscape anthropization on mosquito community composition and abundance ▶     Martina Ferraguti, Josué Martínez-de la Puente, David Roiz et al.     Anthropogenic landscape transformation has an important effect on vector-borne pathogen transmission. However, the effects of urbanization on mosquito communities are still only …             Habitat use of bats in relation to wind turbines revealed by GPS tracking ▶     Manuel Roeleke, Torsten Blohm, Stephanie Kramer-Schadt et al.     Worldwide, many countries aim at countering global climate change by promoting renewable energy. Yet, recent studies highlight that so-called green energy, such as wind energy, …             New insights in Microbial Fuel Cells: novel solid phase anolyte ▶     Tonia Tommasi, Gian Paolo Salvador, Marzia Quaglio     For the development of long lasting portable microbial fuel cells (MFCs) new strategies are necessary to overcome critical issues such as hydraulic pump system and the …             Ultradispersed Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Assembled in Graphene Aerogel for Continuous Photo-Fenton Reaction and Enhanced Lithium Storage Performance ▶     Bocheng Qiu, Yuanxin Deng, Mengmeng Du et al.     The Photo-Fenton reaction is an advanced technology to eliminate organic pollutants in environmental chemistry. Moreover, the conversion rate of Fe3+/Fe2+ and utilization rate of …             Disproportionality in Power Plants’ Carbon Emissions: A Cross-National Study ▶     Andrew Jorgenson, Wesley Longhofer, Don Grant     Past research on the disproportionality of pollution suggests a small subset of a sector’s facilities often produces the lion’s share of toxic emissions. Here we extend this idea …             First physical evidence for forested environment in the Arctic during MIS 3 ▶     Pertti Sarala, Minna Väliranta, Tiina Eskola et al.     Old sedimentological and geochronological records can be preserved underneath the central parts of the continental ice sheets under non-erosive, cold-based subglacial conditions. …             Grazing effects on ecosystem CO2 fluxes differ among temperate steppe types in Eurasia ▶     Longyu Hou, Yan Liu, Jiancai Du et al.     Grassland ecosystems play a critical role in regulating CO2 fluxes into and out of the Earth’s surface. Whereas previous studies have often addressed single fluxes of CO2 …             Quantitative and compositional responses of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria to long-term field fertilization ▶     Chao Xue, Xu Zhang, Chen Zhu et al.     Archaeal (AOA) and bacterial (AOB) ammonia-oxidizer responses to long-term field fertilization in a Mollisol soil were assessed through pyrosequencing of amoA genes. Long-term …             Soil bacterial endemism and potential functional redundancy in natural broadleaf forest along a latitudinal gradient ▶     Yuguang Zhang, Jing Cong, Hui Lu et al.     Microorganisms play key roles in ecosystem processes and biogeochemical cycling, however, the relationship between soil microbial taxa diversity and their function in natural …             Decadal drought deaccelerated the increasing trend of annual net primary production in tropical or subtropical forests in southern China ▶     Wantong Wang, Jinxia Wang, Xingzhao Liu et al.     Previous investigations have identified that the effects of climate change on net primary production (NPP) of global forests have varied both spatially and temporally, and that …             A high-resolution palaeoenvironmental record from carbonate deposits in the Roman aqueduct of Patara, SW Turkey, from the time of Nero ▶     Cornelis Passchier, Gül Sürmelihindi, Christoph Spötl     An inscription on the supporting wall of the inverted siphon of the aqueduct of the ancient Roman city of Patara, SW Turkey, explains how the wall collapsed during an earthquake …             Climate change and the loss of organic archaeological deposits in the Arctic ▶     Jørgen Hollesen, Henning Matthiesen, Anders Bjørn Møller et al.     The Arctic is warming twice as fast as the global average with overlooked consequences for the preservation of the rich cultural and environmental records that have been stored …             Nitrogen deposition may enhance soil carbon storage via change of soil respiration dynamic during a spring freeze-thaw cycle period ▶     Guoyong Yan, Yajuan Xing, Lijian Xu et al.     As crucial terrestrial ecosystems, temperate forests play an important role in global soil carbon dioxide flux, and this process can be sensitive to atmospheric nitrogen …             Tsunami-generated magnetic fields may constrain focal mechanisms of earthquakes ▶     Issei Kawashima, Hiroaki Toh     A geomagnetic observatory named SFEMS is being operated on the deep seafloor in the northwest Pacific since August, 2001. SFEMS is capable of measuring both scalar and vector …             Mantle Subduction and Uplift of Intracontinental Mountains: A Case Study from the Chinese Tianshan Mountains within Eurasia ▶     Jinyi Li, Jin Zhang, Xixi Zhao et al.     The driving mechanism that is responsible for the uplift of intracontinental mountains has puzzled geologists for decades. This study addresses this issue by using receiver …             Nitrous Oxide Production in Co- Versus Counter-Diffusion Nitrifying Biofilms ▶     Lai Peng, Jing Sun, Yiwen Liu et al.     For the application of biofilm processes, a better understanding of nitrous oxide (N2O) formation within the biofilm is essential for design and operation of biofilm reactors …             Vulnerability of the peatland carbon sink to sea-level rise ▶     Alex Whittle, Angela V. Gallego-Sala     Freshwater peatlands are carbon accumulating ecosystems where primary production exceeds organic matter decomposition rates in the soil, and therefore perform an important sink …             Ecological determinants of mean family age of angiosperm trees in forest communities in China ▶     Hong Qian, Shengbin Chen     Species assemblage in a local community is determined by the interplay of evolutionary and ecological processes. The Tropical Niche Conservatism hypothesis proposes mechanisms …             Disturbance-specific social responses in long-finned pilot whales, Globicephala melas ▶     Fleur Visser, Charlotte Curé, Petter H. Kvadsheim et al.     Social interactions among animals can influence their response to disturbance. We investigated responses of long-finned pilot whales to killer whale sound playbacks and two …             Historical and contemporary factors generate unique butterfly communities on islands ▶     Raluca Vodă, Leonardo Dapporto, Vlad Dincă et al.     The mechanisms shaping island biotas are not yet well understood mostly because of a lack of studies comparing eco-evolutionary fingerprints over entire taxonomic groups. Here, …             Nitrogen and phosphorus uptake rates of different species from a coral reef community after a nutrient pulse ▶     Joost den Haan, Jef Huisman, Hannah J. Brocke et al.     Terrestrial runoff after heavy rainfall can increase nutrient concentrations in waters overlying coral reefs that otherwise experience low nutrient levels. Field measurements …             Projected asymmetric response of Adélie penguins to Antarctic climate change ▶     Megan A. Cimino, Heather J. Lynch, Vincent S. Saba et al.     The contribution of climate change to shifts in a species’ geographic distribution is a critical and often unresolved ecological question. Climate change in Antarctica is …             Optofluidic UV-Vis spectrophotometer for online monitoring of photocatalytic reactions ▶     Ning Wang, Furui Tan, Yu Zhao et al.     On-chip integration of optical detection units into the microfluidic systems for online monitoring is highly desirable for many applications and is also well in line with the …             Steady State Ocean Response to Wind Forcing in Extratropical Frontal Regions ▶     Meghan F. Cronin, Tomoki Tozuka     In regions of strong sea surface temperature (SST) gradients, the surface “geostrophic” currents have a vertical shear aligned with the surface density front defined by the …             Fabrication of magnetic water-soluble hyperbranched polyol functionalized graphene oxide for high-efficiency water remediation ▶     Lihua Hu, Yan Li, Xuefei Zhang et al.     Magnetic water-soluble hyperbranched polyol functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposite (MWHPO-GO) was successfully prepared and applied to water remediation in this paper. …             A fossil Diploglossus (Squamata, Anguidae) lizard from Basse-Terre and Grande-Terre Islands (Guadeloupe, French West Indies) ▶     Corentin Bochaton, Renaud Boistel, Fabrice Casagrande et al.     Today, Diploglossine lizards (Anguidae) are common on the Greater Antillean Islands (West Indies), where they are represented by many endemic species. However these lizards are …             Quantifying the effect of organic aerosol aging and intermediate-volatility emissions on regional-scale aerosol pollution in China ▶     Bin Zhao, Shuxiao Wang, Neil M. Donahue et al.     Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is one of the least understood constituents of fine particles; current widely-used models cannot predict its loadings or oxidation state. Recent …             Allometric biomass partitioning under nitrogen enrichment: Evidence from manipulative experiments around the world ▶     Yunfeng Peng, Yuanhe Yang     Allometric and optimal hypotheses have been widely used to explain biomass partitioning in response to resource changes for individual plants; however, little evidence has been …             Label Distribution in Tissues of Wheat Seedlings Cultivated with Tritium-Labeled Leonardite Humic Acid ▶     Natalia A. Kulikova, Dmitry P. Abroskin, Gennady A. Badun et al.     Humic substances (HS) play important roles in the biotic-abiotic interactions of the root plant and soil contributing to plant adaptation to external environments. However, their …             The impact of individual and combined abiotic factors on daily otolith growth in a coral reef fish ▶     Amelia S. Wenger, James Whinney, Brett Taylor et al.     Coral reefs are increasingly subjected to both local and global stressors, however, there is limited information on how reef organisms respond to their combined effects under …             Can the co-cultivation of rice and fish help sustain rice production? ▶     Liangliang Hu, Jian Zhang, Weizheng Ren et al.     Because rice feeds half of the world’s population, a secure global food supply depends on sustainable rice production. Here we test whether the co-cultivation of rice and fish …             Formation and characteristics of biomimetic mineralo-organic particles in natural surface water ▶     Cheng-Yeu Wu, Jan Martel, Tsui-Yin Wong et al.     Recent studies have shown that nanoparticles exist in environmental water but the formation, characteristics and fate of such particles remain incompletely understood. We show …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Factors favoring regain of the lost vertical spinal height through posterior spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis ▶     Benlong Shi, Saihu Mao, Leilei Xu et al.     Height gain is a common beneficial consequence following correction surgery in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), yet little is known concerning factors favoring regain of …             Defective regulation of POMC precedes hypothalamic inflammation in diet-induced obesity ▶     Gabriela F. P. Souza, Carina Solon, Lucas F. Nascimento et al.     Obesity is the result of a long-term positive energy balance in which caloric intake overrides energy expenditure. This anabolic state results from the defective activity of …             Diagnostic test accuracy of anti-glycopeptidolipid-core IgA antibodies for Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease: systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Yuji Shibata, Nobuyuki Horita, Masaki Yamamoto et al.     Currently, an anti-glycopeptidolipid (GPL)-core IgA antibody assay kit for diagnosing Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) is commercially available. We conducted this systematic …             Differential expression of microRNAs in retinal vasculopathy caused by selective Müller cell disruption ▶     Sook Hyun Chung, Mark Gillies, Michelle Yam et al.     Vascular changes and photoreceptor degeneration are features of age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and macular telangiectasis. We have profiled the …             A Two-Year Treatment of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment using a Compound Chinese Medicine: A Placebo Controlled Randomized Trail ▶     Junying Zhang, Zhen Liu, Huamin Zhang et al.     We aimed to investigate the long-term therapeutic effects of a compound Chinese medicine, the Bushen capsule, on cognition and brain connectivity in patients with amnestic mild …             Alteration of protein prenylation promotes spermatogonial differentiation and exhausts spermatogonial stem cells in newborn mice ▶     Fan Diao, Chen Jiang, Xiu-Xing Wang et al.     Spermatogenesis in adulthood depends on the successful neonatal establishment of the spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) pool and gradual differentiation during puberty. The …             Expression of dynein, cytoplasmic 2, heavy chain 1 (DHC2) associated with glioblastoma cell resistance to temozolomide ▶     Hai Wang, Wenfeng Feng, Yuntao Lu et al.     Temozolomide (TMZ) is the main chemotherapeutic drug utilized for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GMB), however, drug resistance often leads to tumor recurrence and …             Intercellular transfer of P-glycoprotein in human blood-brain barrier endothelial cells is increased by histone deacetylase inhibitors ▶     Andreas Noack, Sandra Noack, Manuela Buettner et al.     The blood–brain barrier (BBB) controls the entry of compounds into the brain, thereby regulating brain homeostasis. Efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp) significantly …             Effects of landscape anthropization on mosquito community composition and abundance ▶     Martina Ferraguti, Josué Martínez-de la Puente, David Roiz et al.     Anthropogenic landscape transformation has an important effect on vector-borne pathogen transmission. However, the effects of urbanization on mosquito communities are still only …             VirusMapper: open-source nanoscale mapping of viral architecture through super-resolution microscopy ▶     Robert D. M. Gray, Corina Beerli, Pedro Matos Pereira et al.     The nanoscale molecular assembly of mammalian viruses during their infectious life cycle remains poorly understood. Their small dimensions, generally bellow the 300nm diffraction …             Patterns of postictal cerebral perfusion in idiopathic generalized epilepsy: a multi-delay multi-parametric arterial spin labelling perfusion MRI study ▶     Guangxiang Chen, Du Lei, Jiechuan Ren et al.     The cerebral haemodynamic status of idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is a very complicated process. Little attention has been paid to cerebral blood flow (CBF) alterations …             Overexpression of Bmi1 in Lymphocytes Stimulates Skeletogenesis by Improving the Osteogenic Microenvironment ▶     Xichao Zhou, Xiuliang Dai, Xuan Wu et al.     To investigate whether overexpression of Bmi1 in lymphocytes can stimulate skeletogenesis by improving the osteogenic microenvironment, we examined the skeletal phenotype of …             Application of flat panel OLED display technology for the point-of-care detection of circulating cancer biomarkers ▶     Benjamin A. Katchman, Joseph T. Smith, Uwadiae Obahiagbon et al.     Point-of-care molecular diagnostics can provide efficient and cost-effective medical care, and they have the potential to fundamentally change our approach to global health. …             Transcriptome Analysis on Monocytes from Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration ▶     Michelle Grunin, Shira- Hagbi-Levi, Batya Rinsky et al.     Mononuclear phagocytes (MPs), including monocytes/macrophages, play complex roles in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis. We reported altered gene-expression …             Interleukin-34 as a fibroblast-derived marker of liver fibrosis in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ▶     Hirotaka Shoji, Sachiyo Yoshio, Yohei Mano et al.     Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common cause of chronic non-viral liver disease. Activation of macrophages and hepatic stellate cells is a critical step that …             Enhanced excitability and suppression of A-type K+ currents in joint sensory neurons in a murine model of antigen-induced arthritis ▶     Lintao Qu, Michael J. Caterina     Pain is a dominant symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its adequate treatment represents a major unmet need. However, the cellular mechanisms that drive arthritis pain are …             Potential role of nuclear PD-L1 expression in cell-surface vimentin positive circulating tumor cells as a prognostic marker in cancer patients ▶     Arun Satelli, Izhar Singh Batth, Zachary Brownlee et al.     Although circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have potential as diagnostic biomarkers for cancer, determining their prognostic role in cancer patients undergoing treatment is a …             Postoperative autotransfusion drain after total hip arthroplasty: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials ▶     Hui Xie, Jian-Ke Pan, Kun-Hao Hong et al.     The use of a postoperative autotransfusion drain (PATD) to reduce allogenic blood transfusions in total hip arthroplasty (THA) remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a …             A five years study of antiviral effect of entecavir in Chinese chronic hepatitis B patients ▶     Kehui Liu, Xiaogang Xiang, Rebecca Bao et al.     Entecavir (ETV) is a potent viral replication inhibitor for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. To investigate the efficacy of ETV in Chinese nucleos(t)ide(NA)-experienced CHB …             Inhibition of hypoxia inducible factor-1α attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm progression through the down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases ▶     Shih-Hung Tsai, Po-Hsun Huang, Yu-Juei Hsu et al.     Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) pathway is associated with many vascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, arterial aneurysms, pulmonary hypertension and chronic venous …             Ultrasensitive multiplex optical quantification of bacteria in large samples of biofluids ▶     Nicolas Pazos-Perez, Elena Pazos, Carme Catala et al.     Efficient treatments in bacterial infections require the fast and accurate recognition of pathogens, with concentrations as low as one per milliliter in the case of septicemia. …             Indexing Effects of Copy Number Variation on Genes Involved in Developmental Delay ▶     Mohammed Uddin, Giovanna Pellecchia, Bhooma Thiruvahindrapuram et al.     A challenge in clinical genomics is to predict whether copy number variation (CNV) affecting a gene or multiple genes will manifest as disease. Increasing recognition of gene …             Paraoxonase 2 modulates a proapoptotic function in LS174T cells in response to quorum sensing molecule N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone ▶     Shiyu Tao, Yanwen Luo, Bin He et al.     A mucus layer coats the gastrointestinal tract and serves as the first line of intestinal defense against infection. N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing molecules …             ITGAV and ITGA5 diversely regulate proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells ▶     E. M. Morandi, R. Verstappen, M. E. Zwierzina et al.     The fate of human adipose tissue stem cells (ASCs) is largely determined by biochemical and mechanical cues from the extracellular matrix (ECM), which are sensed and transmitted …             The wMel strain of Wolbachia Reduces Transmission of Zika virus by Aedes aegypti ▶     Matthew T. Aliota, Stephen A. Peinado, Ivan Dario Velez et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) is causing an explosive outbreak of febrile disease in the Americas. There are no effective antiviral therapies or licensed vaccines for this virus, and …             Inhibition of HIV-1 reactivation by a telomerase-derived peptide in a HSP90-dependent manner ▶     Hong Kim, Myung-Soo Choi, Kyung-Soo Inn et al.     A peptide vaccine designed to induce T-cell immunity to telomerase, GV1001, has been shown to modulate cellular signaling pathways and confer a direct anti-cancer effect through …             Prognostic values of four Notch receptor mRNA expression in gastric cancer ▶     Xiaoyu Wu, Wentao Liu, Ding Tang et al.     Notch ligands and receptors are frequently deregulated in several human malignancies including gastric cancer. The activation of Notch signaling has been reported to contribute …             Accelerating skin wound healing by M-CSF through generating SSEA-1 and -3 stem cells in the injured sites ▶     Yunyuan Li, Reza Baradar Jalili, Aziz Ghahary     Wound healing is a complicated process requiring the collaborative efforts of different cell lineages. Our recent studies have found that one subset of hematopoietic cells can be …             Classification of fracture and non-fracture groups by analysis of coherent X-ray scatter ▶     A. J. Dicken, J. P. O. Evans, K. D. Rogers et al.     Osteoporotic fractures present a significant social and economic burden, which is set to rise commensurately with the aging population. Greater understanding of the …             TRPV1-mediated presynaptic transmission in basolateral amygdala contributes to visceral hypersensitivity in adult rats with neonatal maternal deprivation ▶     Ying Xiao, Xiaoqi Chen, Ping-An Zhang et al.     The central mechanisms of visceral hypersensitivity remain largely unknown. It’s reported that there are highest densities of TRPV1 labeled neurons within basolateral amygdala …             Deep tissue volume imaging of birefringence through fibre-optic needle probes for the delineation of breast tumour ▶     Martin Villiger, Dirk Lorenser, Robert A. McLaughlin et al.     Identifying tumour margins during breast-conserving surgeries is a persistent challenge. We have previously developed miniature needle probes that could enable intraoperative …             Capturing tumor complexity in vitro: Comparative analysis of 2D and 3D tumor models for drug discovery ▶     Kristin Stock, Marta F. Estrada, Suzana Vidic et al.     Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures growing on plastic do not recapitulate the three dimensional (3D) architecture and complexity of human tumors. More representative models are …             Beyond the brain-Peripheral kisspeptin signaling is essential for promoting endometrial gland development and function ▶     Silvia León, Daniela Fernadois, Alexandra Sull et al.     Uterine growth and endometrial gland formation (adenogenesis) and function, are essential for fertility and are controlled by estrogens and other regulators, whose nature and …             Psgl-1 Deficiency is Protective against Stroke in a Murine Model of Lupus ▶     Hui Wang, Jason S. Knight, Jeffrey B. Hodgin et al.     Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with an elevated risk of vascular complications, including premature stroke. Therapies targeting leukocyte recruitment may be …             Outcomes of an extended Morrow procedure without a concomitant mitral valve procedure for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy ▶     Yun Liu, Yunhu Song, Ge Gao et al.     The indications for a concomitant mitral valve (MV) procedure remain controversial for patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). According to previous …             Clinical characterization and outcome of primary bone lymphoma: a retrospective study of 61 Chinese patients ▶     XuanYe Zhang, Jun Zhu, YuQin Song et al.     Primary bone lymphoma(PBL) is a rare disease. To assess the clinical characteristics, outcome, and prognostic factors of this entity in Chinese population, we retrospectively …             Iron overload by Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles is a High Risk Factor in Cirrhosis by a Systems Toxicology Assessment ▶     Yushuang Wei, Mengzhu Zhao, Fang Yang et al.     Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as a contrast agent have been widely used in magnetic resonance imaging for tumor diagnosis and theranostics. However, there …             Manganese Phosphate Self-assembled Nanoparticle Surface and Its application for Superoxide Anion Detection ▶     Xiaohui Shen, Qi Wang, Yuhong Liu et al.     Quantitative analysis of superoxide anion (O2·−) has increasing importance considering its potential damages to organism. Herein, a novel Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mimics, …             Increased circulating concentrations of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in children with type 1 diabetes ▶     Emilia Galli, Taina Härkönen, Markus T. Sainio et al.     Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) was recently shown to be essential for the survival and proliferation of pancreatic β-cells in mice, where deletion of …             Impact of dietary resistant starch type 4 on human gut microbiota and immunometabolic functions ▶     Bijaya Upadhyaya, Lacey McCormack, Ali Reza Fardin-Kia et al.     Dietary modulation of the gut microbiota impacts human health. Here we investigated the hitherto unknown effects of resistant starch type 4 (RS4) enriched diet on gut microbiota …             Exploring pig trade patterns to inform the design of risk-based disease surveillance and control strategies ▶     C. Guinat, A. Relun, B. Wall et al.     An understanding of the patterns of animal contact networks provides essential information for the design of risk-based animal disease surveillance and control strategies. This …             Systemic desensitization through TRPA1 channels by capsazepine and mustard oil - a novel strategy against inflammation and pain ▶     Katrin Kistner, Norbert Siklosi, Alexandru Babes et al.     We demonstrate a novel dual strategy against inflammation and pain through body-wide desensitization of nociceptors via TRPA1. Attenuation of experimental colitis by capsazepine …             Human Organotypic Cultured Cardiac Slices: New Platform For High Throughput Preclinical Human Trials ▶     C. Kang, Y. Qiao, G. Li et al.     Translation of novel therapies from bench to bedside is hampered by profound disparities between animal and human genetics and physiology. The ability to test for efficacy and …             Wide-field imaging of birefringent synovial fluid crystals using lens-free polarized microscopy for gout diagnosis ▶     Yibo Zhang, Seung Yoon Celine Lee, Yun Zhang et al.     Gout is a form of crystal arthropathy where monosodium urate (MSU) crystals deposit and elicit inflammation in a joint. Diagnosis of gout relies on identification of MS crystals …             Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Alters Auditory-motor Integration For Voice Control ▶     Weifeng Li, Ziyi Chen, Nan Yan et al.     Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common drug-refractory focal epilepsy in adults. Previous research has shown that patients with TLE exhibit decreased performance in …             Small Glutamine-Rich Tetratricopeptide Repeat-Containing Protein Alpha (SGTA) Ablation Limits Offspring Viability and Growth in Mice ▶     Lisa K. Philp, Tanya K. Day, Miriam S. Butler et al.     Small glutamine-rich tetratricopeptide repeat-containing protein α (SGTA) has been implicated as a co-chaperone and regulator of androgen and growth hormone receptor (AR, GHR) …             CRISPR-Mediated VHL Knockout Generates an Improved Model for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma ▶     Shiruyeh Schokrpur, Junhui Hu, Diana L. Moughon et al.     Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is nearly incurable and accounts for most of the mortality associated with RCC. Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) is a tumour suppressor that is lost …             A clinically authentic mouse model of enterovirus 71 (EV-A71)-induced neurogenic pulmonary oedema ▶     Carla Bianca Luena Victorio, Yishi Xu, Qimei Ng et al.     Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is a neurotropic virus that sporadically causes fatal neurologic illness among infected children. Animal models of EV-A71 infection exist, but they do not …             Loss of cortactin causes endothelial barrier dysfunction via disturbed adrenomedullin secretion and actomyosin contractility ▶     Alexander García Ponce, Alí F. Citalán Madrid, Hilda Vargas Robles et al.     Changes in vascular permeability occur during inflammation and the actin cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in regulating endothelial cell contacts and permeability. We …             Human GV oocytes generated by mitotically active germ cells obtained from follicular aspirates ▶     Xinbao Ding, Guishu Liu, Bo Xu et al.     Human female germline stem cells (FGSCs) have opened new opportunities for understanding human oogenesis, delaying menopause, treating infertility, and providing a new strategy …             Loss of ARID1A expression predicts poor survival prognosis in gastric cancer: a systematic meta-analysis from 14 studies ▶     Lin Yang, Sheng Wei, Rongxian Zhao et al.     The chromatin remodeling gene, AT-rich interactive domain 1A gene (ARID1A), frequently mutates inactively in gastric cancer (GC). However, its prognostic value remains …             Zonulin Regulates Intestinal Permeability and Facilitates Enteric Bacteria Permeation in Coronary Artery Disease ▶     Chuanwei Li, Min Gao, Wen Zhang et al.     Several studies have reported an association between enteric bacteria and atherosclerosis. Bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene belong to Enterobacteriaceae have been detected …             Next-generation sequencing-based molecular diagnosis of neonatal hypotonia in Chinese Population ▶     Yan Wang, Wei Peng, Hong-Yan Guo et al.     Neonatal hypotonia is extremely challenging to diagnose because numerous disorders present similar clinical manifestations. Two panels for diagnosing neonatal hypotonia were …             Role of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells in modulating T-helper cell immune responses during silica-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis ▶     Fangwei Liu, Wujing Dai, Chao Li et al.     Silicosis is characterized by chronic lung inflammation and fibrosis, which are seriously harmful to human health. Previous research demonstrated that uncontrolled T-helper (Th) …             Deep sequencing and in silico analyses identify MYB-regulated gene networks and signaling pathways in pancreatic cancer ▶     Shafquat Azim, Haseeb Zubair, Sanjeev K. Srivastava et al.     We have recently demonstrated that the transcription factor MYB can modulate several cancer-associated phenotypes in pancreatic cancer. In order to understand the molecular basis …             Non-canonical NFκB activation promotes chemokine expression in podocytes ▶     Lara Valiño-Rivas, Laura Gonzalez-Lafuente, Ana B. Sanz et al.     TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) receptor Fn14 is expressed by podocytes and Fn14 deficiency protects from experimental proteinuric kidney disease. However, the …             Urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio is associated with endothelial dysfunction in HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy ▶     Matteo Pirro, Massimo R. Mannarino, Daniela Francisci et al.     Endothelial dysfunction, a marker of cardiovascular (CV) risk, is common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Microalbuminuria is frequent in HIV-infected …             Efficient production of multi-modified pigs for xenotransplantation by ‘combineering’, gene stacking and gene editing ▶     Konrad Fischer, Simone Kraner-Scheiber, Björn Petersen et al.     Xenotransplantation from pigs could alleviate the shortage of human tissues and organs for transplantation. Means have been identified to overcome hyperacute rejection and acute …             Mesenchymal stem cells alleviate experimental rheumatoid arthritis through microRNA-regulated IκB expression ▶     Xin Yan, Yurong Cen, Qin Wang     Previous studies have demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation reduces the severity of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice, which is a model for …             Osteopontin deficiency reduces kidney damage from hypercholesterolemia in Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice ▶     Zouwei Pei, Takafumi Okura, Tomoaki Nagao et al.     Hypercholesterolemia is a well-established risk factor for kidney injury, which can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Osteopontin (OPN) has been implicated in the pathology …             Molecular characterization of woodchuck IFI16 and AIM2 and their expression in woodchucks infected with woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) ▶     Qi Yan, Mengmeng Li, Qin Liu et al.     IFI16 and AIM2 are important DNA sensors in antiviral immunity. To characterize these two molecules in a woodchuck model, which is widely used to study hepatitis B virus (HBV) …             Site-specific covalent modifications of human insulin by catechol estrogens: Reactivity and induced structural and functional changes ▶     Ming-Chun Ku, Chieh-Ming Fang, Juei-Tang Cheng et al.     Proteins, covalently modified by catechol estrogens (CEs), were identified recently from the blood serum of diabetic patients and referred to as estrogenized proteins. …             Th17/Treg Imbalance Induced by Dietary Salt Variation Indicates Inflammation of Target Organs in Humans ▶     Tao Luo, Wen-jie Ji, Fei Yuan et al.     The functions of T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells are tightly orchestrated through independent differentiation pathways that are involved in the secretion of pro- …             Lactobacillus crispatus inhibits the infectivity of Chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies, in vitro study ▶     Paola Nardini, Rogers Alberto Ñahui Palomino, Carola Parolin et al.     Lactobacillus species dominate the vaginal microbiota of healthy reproductive-age women and protect the genitourinary tract from the attack of several infectious agents. …             Maraviroc Reduces Arterial Stiffness in PI-Treated HIV-infected Patients ▶     Stefania Piconi, Daria Pocaterra, Veronica Rainone et al.     The Δ32-CCR5 deletion of the CCR5 receptor is protective toward coronary artery pathology and myocardial infarction. Maraviroc (MVC), a CCR5 antagonist, was recently introduced …             The calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 is an important modulator of hepatic injury ▶     Linda Sevelsted Møller, Annette Dam Fialla, Robert Schierwagen et al.     The calcium-activated potassium channel KCa3.1 controls different cellular processes such as proliferation and volume homeostasis. We investigated the role of KCa3.1 in …             Enlarged colitogenic T cell population paradoxically supports colitis prevention through the B-lymphocyte-dependent peripheral generation of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg cells ▶     Fábio Barrozo do Canto, Sylvia Maria Nicolau Campos, Alessandra Granato et al.     Intestinal inflammation can be induced by the reconstitution of T/B cell-deficient mice with low numbers of CD4+ T lymphocytes depleted of CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Treg). …             Autism phenotypes in ZnT3 null mice: Involvement of zinc dyshomeostasis, MMP-9 activation and BDNF upregulation ▶     Min Heui Yoo, Tae-Youn Kim, Young Hee Yoon et al.     To investigate the role of synaptic zinc in the ASD pathogenesis, we examined zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) null mice. At 4–5 weeks of age, male but not female ZnT3 null mice …             Anti-tumor effect of β-glucan from Lentinus edodes and the underlying mechanism ▶     Hui Xu, Siwei Zou, Xiaojuan Xu et al.     β-Glucans are well known for its various bioactivities, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. This study focuses on the anti-tumor effect and the potential …             Synthetic small molecule GLP-1 secretagogues prepared by means of a three-component indole annulation strategy ▶     Oleg G. Chepurny, Colin A. Leech, Martin Tomanik et al.     Rational assembly of small molecule libraries for purposes of drug discovery requires an efficient approach in which the synthesis of bioactive compounds is enabled so that …             Mucosal fluid evaporation is not the method of heat dissipation from fourth-degree laryngopharyngeal burns ▶     Jiang-bo Wan, Guo-an Zhang, Yu-xuan Qiu et al.     This study was designed to explore whether mucosal fluid evaporation represents a method of heat dissipation from thermal air inhalation injury and to assess laryngopharyngeal …             CXCL10-Mediates Macrophage, but not Other Innate Immune Cells-Associated Inflammation in Murine Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ▶     Kyoko Tomita, Brittany L. Freeman, Steven F. Bronk et al.     Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an inflammatory lipotoxic disorder, but how inflammatory cells are recruited and activated within the liver is still unclear. We previously …             Occupational markers and pathology of the castrato singer Gaspare Pacchierotti (1740–1821) ▶     Alberto Zanatta, Fabio Zampieri, Giuliano Scattolin et al.     Following the birth of modern opera in Italy in 1600, the demand for soprano voices grew up and the prepuberal castration was carried out to preserve the young male voice into …             The H3K9 methyltransferase Setdb1 regulates TLR4-mediated inflammatory responses in macrophages ▶     Rumi Hachiya, Takuya Shiihashi, Ibuki Shirakawa et al.     Proinflammatory cytokine production in macrophages involves multiple regulatory mechanisms, which are affected by environmental and intrinsic stress. In particular, accumulating …             Relationship between Functional and Structural Changes in Diabetic Vessels in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ▶     Yuko Miwa, Tomoaki Murakami, Kiyoshi Suzuma et al.     The decorrelation signals in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) are derived from the flow of erythrocytes and concomitantly delineate the retinal vasculature. We …             Identification of SLC41A3 as a novel player in magnesium homeostasis ▶     Jeroen H.F. de Baaij, Francisco J. Arjona, Michiel van den Brand et al.     Regulation of the body Mg2+ balance takes place in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT), where transcellular reabsorption determines the final urinary Mg2+ excretion. The …             Potassium Channel Interacting Protein 2 (KChIP2) is not a transcriptional regulator of cardiac electrical remodeling ▶     Sine V. Winther, Tomi Tuomainen, Rehannah Borup et al.     The heart-failure relevant Potassium Channel Interacting Protein 2 (KChIP2) augments CaV1.2 and KV4.3. KChIP3 represses CaV1.2 transcription in cardiomyocytes via interaction …             Changes in cerebral metabolites in obstructive sleep apnea: a systemic review and meta-analysis ▶     Yunyan Xia, Yiqun Fu, Huajun Xu et al.     Cognitive impairment is associated with changes in cerebral metabolites in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Several studies have used magnetic resonance spectroscopy …             Behavioral, blood, and magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers of experimental mild traumatic brain injury ▶     David K. Wright, Jack Trezise, Alaa Kamnaksh et al.     Repeated mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) may lead to serious neurological consequences, especially if re-injury occurs within the period of increased cerebral vulnerability …             Pubertal development in healthy children is mirrored by DNA methylation patterns in peripheral blood ▶     Kristian Almstrup, Marie Lindhardt Johansen, Alexander S. Busch et al.     Puberty marks numerous physiological processes which are initiated by central activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, followed by development of secondary sexual …             Azithromycin induces anti-viral effects in cultured bronchial epithelial cells from COPD patients ▶     Mandy Menzel, Hamid Akbarshahi, Leif Bjermer et al.     Rhinovirus infection is a major cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations and may contribute to the development into severe stages of COPD. The …             The AMPA receptor antagonist perampanel robustly rescues amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathology in sporadic ALS model mice ▶     Megumi Akamatsu, Takenari Yamashita, Naoki Hirose et al.     Both TDP-43 pathology and failure of RNA editing of AMPA receptor subunit GluA2, are etiology-linked molecular abnormalities that concomitantly occur in the motor neurons of the …             Re-evaluation of EMG-torque relation in chronic stroke using linear electrode array EMG recordings ▶     Minal Bhadane, Jie Liu, W. Zev Rymer et al.     The objective was to re-evaluate the controversial reports of EMG-torque relation between impaired and non-impaired sides using linear electrode array EMG recordings. Ten …             Stereotactic Comparison Study of 18F-Alfatide and 18F-FDG PET Imaging in an LLC Tumor-Bearing C57BL/6 Mouse Model ▶     Yu-Chun Wei, Yongsheng Gao, Jianbo Zhang et al.     This study aimed to stereotactically compare the PET imaging performance of 18F-Alfatide (18F-ALF-NOTA-PRGD2, denoted as 18F-Alfatide) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and …             Insights into Intrinsic Brain Networks based on Graph Theory and PET in right- compared to left-sided Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ▶     Thomas Vanicek, Andreas Hahn, Tatjana Traub-Weidinger et al.     The human brain exhibits marked hemispheric differences, though it is not fully understood to what extent lateralization of the epileptic focus is relevant. Preoperative [18…             (-)-SCR1693 Protects against Memory Impairment and Hippocampal Damage in a Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion Rat Model ▶     Xiaoyin Zhu, Jingwei Tian, Songmei Sun et al.     Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is one of the most common causes of vascular dementia (VaD) and is recognised as an etiological factor in the development of Alzheimer’s …             Bisdemethoxycurcumin inhibits ovarian cancer via reducing oxidative stress mediated MMPs expressions ▶     Haifeng Pei, Yi Yang, Lin Cui et al.     As one main active compound of curcuminoids, Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC) possesses several biological activities, such as anti-inflammation and anti-cancer activities. However, …             Bacterial evolution in PCD and CF patients follows the same mutational steps ▶     Lea M. Sommer, Mikkel Christian Alanin, Rasmus L. Marvig et al.     Infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa increase morbidity in primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Both diseases are associated with a defect of the …             Spontaneous mutations in Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from streptococcal toxic shock syndrome patients play roles in virulence ▶     Tadayoshi Ikebe, Takayuki Matsumura, Hisako Nihonmatsu et al.     Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus; GAS) is a widespread human pathogen and causes streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). STSS isolates have been previously shown …             Metformin is a novel suppressor for transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 ▶     Han Xiao, Jianshu Zhang, Zhonghe Xu et al.     Metformin is a widely used first-line antidiabetic drug that has been shown to protect against a variety of specific diseases in addition to diabetes, including cardiovascular …             Integrative Network-based Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Genome Wide Expression in Glioblastoma multiforme ▶     Dieter Henrik Heiland, Irina Mader, Pascal Schlosser et al.     The goal of this study was to identify correlations between metabolites from proton MR spectroscopy and genetic pathway activity in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Twenty patients …             In vitro and in vivo study of epigallocatechin-3-gallate-induced apoptosis in aerobic glycolytic hepatocellular carcinoma cells involving inhibition of phosphofructokinase activity ▶     Sainan Li, Liwei Wu, Jiao Feng et al.     Glycolysis, as an altered cancer cell-intrinsic metabolism, is an essential hallmark of cancer. Phosphofructokinase (PFK) is a metabolic sensor in the glycolytic pathway, and …             Differential induction of muscle atrophy pathways in two mouse models of spinal muscular atrophy ▶     Marc-Olivier Deguise, Justin G. Boyer, Emily R. McFall et al.     Motor neuron loss and neurogenic atrophy are hallmarks of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a leading genetic cause of infant deaths. Previous studies have focused on deciphering …             Prenatal maternal stress and wheeze in children: novel insights into epigenetic regulation ▶     Saskia Trump, Matthias Bieg, Zuguang Gu et al.     Psychological stress during pregnancy increases the risk of childhood wheeze and asthma. However, the transmitting mechanisms remain largely unknown. Since epigenetic alterations …             Potential advantages of a novel chitosan-N-acetylcysteine surface modified nanostructured lipid carrier on the performance of ophthalmic delivery of curcumin ▶     Dandan Liu, Jinyu Li, Hao Pan et al.     The transient precorneal retention time and low penetration capacity into intraocular tissues are the key obstacles that hinder the ophthalmic drug delivery of many therapeutic …             Cadherin 23-C Regulates Microtubule Networks by Modifying CAMSAP3’s Function ▶     Satoe Takahashi, Vincent J. Mui, Samuel K. Rosenberg et al.     Cadherin-related 23 (CDH23) is an adhesive protein important for hearing and vision, while CAMSAP3/Marshalin is a microtubule (MT) minus-end binding protein that regulates MT …             Phosphocholine – an agonist of metabotropic but not of ionotropic functions of α9-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ▶     K. Richter, V. Mathes, M. Fronius et al.     We demonstrated previously that phosphocholine and phosphocholine-modified macromolecules efficiently inhibit ATP-dependent release of interleukin-1β from human and murine …                 • Careers & Jobs         naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Research Scientist NHS     The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust             Postdoctoral Position     University Hospital of Munster            Two Postdoctoral Positions     University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC)            Research Fellow     The University of Warwick            Senior Research Scientist     NHS National Services Scotland            Junior Group Leader     Candiolo Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Candiolo (To) - Italy            Postdoctoral Position     University Children's Hospital Zurich            2 Postdoctoral Research Associates     University of Liverpool            11 Tenure-Track Positions     Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)            Post-doctoral Fellow     University of California - San Francisco          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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