Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 24 January 2017

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24 January 2017      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports                 Nature Outlook: Multiple Sclerosis  Multiple Sclerosis induces the immune system to damage the central nervous system. Research on causes and treatments offers new hope.   Access the Outlook free online today!    This activity has been supported by a grant from F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, which has had no control over the educational content of this activity.               Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences           Biological Sciences ▲ top               Hormetic effect of panaxatriol saponins confers neuroprotection in PC12 cells and zebrafish through PI3K/AKT/mTOR and AMPK/SIRT1/FOXO3 pathways ▶     Chao Zhang, Chuwen Li, Shenghui Chen et al.     Hormesis is an adaptive response of living organisms to a moderate stress. However, its biomedical implication and molecular mechanisms remain to be intensively investigated. …             Up-regulation of syncytin-1 contributes to TNF-α-enhanced fusion between OSCC and HUVECs partly via Wnt/β-catenin-dependent pathway ▶     Ting-Lin Yan, Meng Wang, Zhi Xu et al.     Accumulating evidence implies that cell fusion is one of the driving forces of cancer invasion and metastasis. However, considerably less is still known about the triggering …             Corrigendum: Temporary-tattoo for long-term high fidelity biopotential recordings ▶     Lilach Bareket, Lilah Inzelberg, David Rand et al.                 Genome and transcriptome analysis of surfactin biosynthesis in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens MT45 ▶     Yan Zhi, Qun Wu, Yan Xu     Natural Bacillus isolates generate limited amounts of surfactin (<10% of their biomass), which functions as an antibiotic or signalling molecule in inter-/intra-specific …             Metabolic shift in the emergence of hyperinvasive pandemic meningococcal lineages ▶     Eleanor R. Watkins, Martin C. J. Maiden     Hyperinvasive lineages of Neisseria meningitidis, which persist despite extensive horizontal genetic exchange, are a major cause of meningitis and septicaemia worldwide. Over the …             Click-Chemistry Based High Throughput Screening Platform for Modulators of Ras Palmitoylation ▶     Lakshmi Ganesan, Peyton Shieh, Carolyn R. Bertozzi et al.     Palmitoylation is a widespread, reversible lipid modification that has been implicated in regulating a variety of cellular processes. Approximately one thousand proteins are …             SecretEPDB: a comprehensive web-based resource for secreted effector proteins of the bacterial types III, IV and VI secretion systems ▶     Yi An, Jiawei Wang, Chen Li et al.     Bacteria translocate effector molecules to host cells through highly evolved secretion systems. By definition, the function of these effector proteins is to manipulate host cell …             A chemical genetic screen uncovers a small molecule enhancer of the N-acylethanolamine degrading enzyme, fatty acid amide hydrolase, in Arabidopsis ▶     Bibi Rafeiza Khan, Lionel Faure, Kent D. Chapman et al.     N-Acylethanolamines (NAEs) are a group of fatty acid amides that play signaling roles in diverse physiological processes in eukaryotes. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) degrades …             Mincle activation enhances neutrophil migration and resistance to polymicrobial septic peritonitis ▶     Wook-Bin Lee, Ji-Jing Yan, Ji-Seon Kang et al.     Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to bacterial infection. The therapeutic options for treating sepsis are limited. Impaired neutrophil recruitment into the infection …             Mechanistic interplay between ceramide and insulin resistance ▶     Federico Reali, Melissa J. Morine, Ozan Kahramanoğulları et al.     Recent research adds to a growing body of literature on the essential role of ceramides in glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling, while the mechanistic interplay between …             Corrigendum: Gammaproteobacteria as essential primary symbionts in the striped shield bug, Graphosoma Lineatum (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) ▶     Naeime Karamipour, Yaghoub Fathipour, Mohammad Mehrabadi                 Transit peptide elements mediate selective protein targeting to two different types of chloroplasts in the single-cell C4 species Bienertia sinuspersici ▶     Diana Wimmer, Philipp Bohnhorst, Vinay Shekhar et al.     Bienertia sinuspersici is a terrestrial plant that performs C4 photosynthesis within individual cells through operating a carbon concentrating mechanism between different …             Corrigendum: ADAM17/EGFR axis promotes transglutaminase-dependent skin barrier formation through phospholipase C γ1 and protein kinase C pathways ▶     Cristina Wolf, Yawen Qian, Matthew A. Brooke et al.                 Corrigendum: The neural representation of competence traits: An fMRI study ▶     Ning Ma, Simin Wang, Quansen Yang et al.                 Luteolin improves cardiac dysfunction in heart failure rats by regulating sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a ▶     Wenjing Hu, Tongda Xu, Pei Wu et al.     We previously found that luteolin (Lut) appeared to improve the contractility of cardiomyocytes during ischemia/reperfusion in rats. The enhancement was associated with the …             Erratum: Inhibition of the processing of miR-25 by HIPK2-Phosphorylated-MeCP2 induces NOX4 in early diabetic nephropathy ▶     Hyung Jung Oh, Mitsuo Kato, Supriya Deshpande et al.                 Excessive activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors induces apoptotic hair-cell death independent of afferent and efferent innervation ▶     Lavinia Sheets     Accumulation of excess glutamate plays a central role in eliciting the pathological events that follow intensely loud noise exposures and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Glutamate …             Evidence for Intramolecular Antiparallel Beta-Sheet Structure in Alpha-Synuclein Fibrils from a Combination of Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy ▶     Steven J. Roeters, Aditya Iyer, Galja Pletikapić et al.     The aggregation of the intrinsically disordered protein alpha-synuclein (αS) into amyloid fibrils is thought to play a central role in the pathology of Parkinson’s disease. Using …             Zebularine upregulates expression of CYP genes through inhibition of DNMT1 and PKR in HepG2 cells ▶     Kazuaki Nakamura, Kazuko Aizawa, Kyaw Htet Aung et al.     Drug-induced hepatotoxicity is one of the major reasons cited for drug withdrawal. Therefore, it is of extreme importance to detect human hepatotoxic candidates as early as …             Conserved miR-10 family represses proliferation and induces apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells ▶     Tu Jiajie, Yang Yanzhou, Albert Cheung Hoi-Hung et al.     Granulosa cells (GCs) are essential somatic cells in the ovary and play an important role in folliculogenesis. Brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and the TGF-β pathway have …             The expression of SIRT1 regulates the metastaticplasticity of chondrosarcoma cells by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition ▶     Helin Feng, Jin Wang, Jianfa Xu et al.     SIRT1 belongs to the mammalian sirtuin family and plays an important role in deacetylating histone and nonhistone proteins. It is reported that SIRT1 is associated with tumor …             Multi-omics analyses reveal metabolic alterations regulated by hepatitis B virus core protein in hepatocellular carcinoma cells ▶     Qi Xie, Fengxu Fan, Wei Wei et al.     Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is partly responsible for hepatitis, fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HBV core protein (HBc), encoded by the HBV …             Hypoxia inducible factors are dispensable for myeloid cell migration into the inflamed mouse eye ▶     Peter J. Gardner, Sidath E. Liyanage, Enrico Cristante et al.     Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are ubiquitously expressed transcription factors important for cell homeostasis during dynamic oxygen levels. Myeloid specific HIFs are crucial …             Cyclin I-like (CCNI2) is a cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) activator and is involved in cell cycle regulation ▶     Chengcheng Liu, Xiaoyan Zhai, Bin Zhao et al.     In contrast to conventional cyclin-dependent kinases that are important for mitotic cell division, cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) is predominantly activated in post-mitotic …             Understanding the dynamics of Toll-like Receptor 5 response to flagellin and its regulation by estradiol ▶     Ignacio Caballero, James Boyd, Carmen Almiñana et al.     Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are major players of the innate immune system. Once activated, they trigger a signalling cascade that leads to NF-κB translocation from the cytoplasm …             Corrigendum: Highly sensitive dual mode electrochemical platform for microRNA detection ▶     Pawan Jolly, Marina R. Batistuti, Anna Miodek et al.                 Cognitive dissonance resolution depends on episodic memory ▶     Mariam Chammat, Imen El Karoui, Sébastien Allali et al.     The notion that past choices affect preferences is one of the most influential concepts of social psychology since its first report in the 50 s, and its theorization within the …             Restoring GM1 ganglioside expression ameliorates axonal outgrowth inhibition and cognitive impairments induced by blast traumatic brain injury ▶     Vardit Rubovitch, Yael Zilberstein, Joab Chapman et al.     Blast induced traumatic brain injury (B-TBI) may cause various degrees of cognitive and behavioral disturbances but the exact brain pathophysiology involved is poorly understood. …             Ethylene response pathway modulates attractiveness of plant roots to soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines ▶     Yanfeng Hu, Jia You, Chunjie Li et al.     Plant parasitic nematodes respond to root exudates to locate their host roots. In our studies second stage juveniles of Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), …             Genetic structure of Tibetan populations in Gansu revealed by forensic STR loci ▶     Hong-Bing Yao, Chuan-Chao Wang, Jiang Wang et al.     The origin and diversification of Sino-Tibetan speaking populations have been long-standing hot debates. However, the limited genetic information of Tibetan populations keeps …             Dynamics of Bemisia tabaci biotypes and insecticide resistance in Fujian province in China during 2005–2014 ▶     Feng-Luan Yao, Yu Zheng, Xiao-Yan Huang et al.     The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is an important agricultural insect pest worldwide. The B and Q biotypes are the two most predominant and devastating biotypes prevalent …             Thermal activation of ‘allosteric-like’ large-scale motions in a eukaryotic Lactate Dehydrogenase ▶     Marina Katava, Marco Maccarini, Guillaume Villain et al.     Conformational changes occurring during the enzymatic turnover are essential for the regulation of protein functionality. Individuating the protein regions involved in these …             Placebo Intervention Enhances Reward Learning in Healthy Individuals ▶     Zsolt Turi, Matthias Mittner, Walter Paulus et al.     According to the placebo-reward hypothesis, placebo is a reward-anticipation process that increases midbrain dopamine (DA) levels. Reward-based learning processes, such as …             Design of an expression system to enhance MBP-mediated crystallization ▶     Tengchuan Jin, Watchalee Chuenchor, Jiansheng Jiang et al.     Crystallization chaperones have been used to facilitate the crystallization of challenging proteins. Even though the maltose-binding protein (MBP) is one of the most commonly …             c-Myb knockdown increases the neomycin-induced damage to hair-cell-like HEI-OC1 cells in vitro ▶     Xiaoyu Yu, Wenwen Liu, Zhaomin Fan et al.     c-Myb is a transcription factor that plays a key role in cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. It has been reported that c-Myb is expressed within the chicken otic …             Cell Death Mechanisms in Tumoral and Non-Tumoral Human Cell Lines Triggered by Photodynamic Treatments: Apoptosis, Necrosis and Parthanatos ▶     J. Soriano, I. Mora-Espí, M. E. Alea-Reyes et al.     Cell death triggered by photodynamic therapy can occur through different mechanisms: apoptosis, necrosis or autophagy. However, recent studies have demonstrated the existence of …             Regulation of genes related to immune signaling and detoxification in Apis mellifera by an inhibitor of histone deacetylation ▶     Yee-Tung Hu, Tsai-Chin Wu, En-Cheng Yang et al.     The western honeybee (Apis mellifera) is essential for the global economy due to its important role in ecosystems and agriculture as a pollinator of numerous flowering plants and …             Chlorpyrifos inhibits neural induction via Mfn1-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in human induced pluripotent stem cells ▶     Shigeru Yamada, Yusuke Kubo, Daiju Yamazaki et al.     Organophosphates, such as chlorpyrifos (CPF), are widely used as insecticides in agriculture. CPF is known to induce cytotoxicity, including neurodevelopmental toxicity. However, …             Zika virus disrupts molecular fingerprinting of human neurospheres ▶     Patricia P. Garcez, Juliana Minardi Nascimento, Janaina Mota de Vasconcelos et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) has been associated with microcephaly and other brain abnormalities; however, the molecular consequences of ZIKV to human brain development are still not fully …             The potential role of spectrin network in the mechanotransduction of MLO-Y4 osteocytes ▶     Xin-Tong Wu, Lian-Wen Sun, Xiao Yang et al.     The spectrin is first identified as the main component of erythrocyte membrane skeleton. It is getting growing attention since being found in multiple nonerythroid cells, …             Insight into the essential role of the Helicobacter pylori HP1043 orphan response regulator: genome-wide identification and characterization of the DNA-binding sites ▶     Simone Pelliciari, Eva Pinatel, Andrea Vannini et al.     Many bacterial regulatory genes appear to be dispensable, as they can be deleted from the genome without loss of bacterial functionalities. In Helicobacter pylori, the hp1043 …             Structure-based modelling of hemocyanin allergenicity in squid and its response to high hydrostatic pressure ▶     Yifeng Zhang, Yun Deng, Yanyun Zhao     The secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of squid hemocyanin (Hc) were characterised, and the relationship between Hc structure and allergenicity responses to high …             Individuality manifests in the dynamic reconfiguration of large-scale brain networks during movie viewing ▶     Changwon Jang, Elizabeth Quattrocki Knight, Chongwon Pae et al.     Individuality, the uniqueness that distinguishes one person from another, may manifest as diverse rearrangements of functional connectivity during heterogeneous cognitive …             The choreography of the chemical defensome response to insecticide stress: insights into the Anopheles stephensi transcriptome using RNA-Seq ▶     Leone De Marco, Davide Sassera, Sara Epis et al.     Animals respond to chemical stress with an array of gene families and pathways termed “chemical defensome”. In arthropods, despite many defensome genes have been detected, how …             mTORC1 phosphorylates LARP6 to stimulate type I collagen expression ▶     Yujie Zhang, Branko Stefanovic     Excessive deposition of type I collagen causes fibrotic diseases. Binding of La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 6 (LARP6) to collagen mRNAs regulates their translation …             Genome-wide association analysis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma identifies pleiotropic risk loci ▶     Philip J. Law, Amit Sud, Jonathan S. Mitchell et al.     B-cell malignancies (BCM) originate from the same cell of origin, but at different maturation stages and have distinct clinical phenotypes. Although genetic risk variants for …             Loss of Merlin induces metabolomic adaptation that engages dependence on Hedgehog signaling ▶     Shamik Das, William P. Jackson, Jeevan K. Prasain et al.     The tumor suppressor protein Merlin is proteasomally degraded in breast cancer. We undertook an untargeted metabolomics approach to discern the global metabolomics profile …             Neutrophils are dispensable in the modulation of T cell immunity against cutaneous HSV-1 infection ▶     Jyh Liang Hor, William R. Heath, Scott N. Mueller     Neutrophils rapidly infiltrate sites of inflammation during peripheral infection or tissue injury. In addition to their well described roles as pro-inflammatory phagocytes …             Progression-related loss of stromal Caveolin 1 levels fosters the growth of human PC3 xenografts and mediates radiation resistance ▶     Andrej Panic, Julia Ketteler, Henning Reis et al.     Despite good treatment results in localized prostate tumors, advanced disease stages usually have a pronounced resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The membrane protein …             Endothelia-Targeting Protection by Escin in Decompression Sickness Rats ▶     Kun Zhang, Zhongxin Jiang, Xiaowei Ning et al.     Endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of decompression sickness (DCS) and contributes substantively to subsequent inflammatory responses. Escin, the main active …             Cortical mechanisms for afterimage formation: evidence from interocular grouping ▶     Bo Dong, Linus Holm, Min Bao     Whether the retinal process alone or retinal and cortical processes jointly determine afterimage (AI) formation has long been debated. Based on the retinal rebound responses, …             Novel Bioinformatics–Based Approach for Proteomic Biomarkers Prediction of Calpain-2 & Caspase-3 Protease Fragmentation: Application to βII-Spectrin Protein ▶     Atlal El-Assaad, Zaher Dawy, Georges Nemer et al.     The crucial biological role of proteases has been visible with the development of degradomics discipline involved in the determination of the proteases/substrates resulting in …             Decreased expression of pseudogene PTENP1 promotes malignant behaviours and is associated with the poor survival of patients with HNSCC ▶     Jiannan Liu, Yue Xing, Liqun Xu et al.     PTENP1, a pseudogene of PTEN, was previously reported to be a tumour suppressor in some cancer types. However, there was no evidence for the biological function and expression of …             STAC3 stably interacts through its C1 domain with CaV1.1 in skeletal muscle triads ▶     Marta Campiglio, Bernhard E. Flucher     The adaptor protein STAC3 is essential for skeletal muscle excitation-contraction (EC) coupling and a mutation in the STAC3 gene has been linked to a severe muscle disease, …             Enhancement of RecA-mediated self-assembly in DNA nanostructures through basepair mismatches and single-strand nicks ▶     Sybilla Louise Corbett, Rajan Sharma, Alexander Giles Davies et al.     The use of DNA as a structural material for nanometre-scale construction has grown extensively over the last decades. The development of more advanced DNA-based materials would …             Development of a facile droplet-based single-cell isolation platform for cultivation and genomic analysis in microorganisms ▶     Qiang Zhang, Tingting Wang, Qian Zhou et al.     Wider application of single-cell analysis has been limited by the lack of an easy-to-use and low-cost strategy for single-cell isolation that can be directly coupled to …             An altered endometrial CD8 tissue resident memory T cell population in recurrent miscarriage ▶     J. H. Southcombe, G. Mounce, K. McGee et al.     When trying to conceive 1% of couples have recurrent miscarriages, defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses. This is not accounted for by the known incidence of …             Potentially high-risk medication categories and unplanned hospitalizations: a case–time–control study ▶     Chih-Wan Lin, Yu-Wen Wen, Liang-Kung Chen et al.     Empirical data of medication-related hospitalization are very limited. We aimed to investigate the associations between 12 high risk medication categories (diabetic agents, …             ABO typing in experimental cynomolgus monkeys using non-invasive methods ▶     Xiaoxiao Wang, Song Chen, Gang Chen     ABH antigens are not expressed on the red blood cells of monkeys, making it difficult to accurately determine their blood type. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility, …             High-throughput sheathless and three-dimensional microparticle focusing using a microchannel with arc-shaped groove arrays ▶     Qianbin Zhao, Jun Zhang, Sheng Yan et al.     Sheathless particle focusing which utilises the secondary flow with a high throughput has great potential for use in microfluidic applications. In this work, an innovative …             Enhanced intracellular delivery and antibacterial efficacy of enrofloxacin-loaded docosanoic acid solid lipid nanoparticles against intracellular Salmonella ▶     Shuyu Xie, Fei Yang, Yanfei Tao et al.     Enrofloxacin-loaded docosanoic acid solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with different physicochemical properties were developed to enhance activity against intracellular Salmonella…             Visual Responses of Photoreceptor-Degenerated Rats Expressing Two Different Types of Channelrhodopsin Genes ▶     Masatoshi Sato, Eriko Sugano, Kitako Tabata et al.     Optogenetic technologies are expected to be applicable for clinical use in restoring vision. However, the degree of recovered visual function is highly dependent on the function …             Chitosan functionalized nanocochleates for enhanced oral absorption of cyclosporine A ▶     Min Liu, Xiaoming Zhong, Zhiwen Yang     It remains a significant challenge to overcome the poor permeability of cyclosporine A and enhance its oral absorption. In this study, we have identified a positively charged …             Improvement of hemodynamic performance using novel helical flow vena cava filter design ▶     Ying Chen, Peng Zhang, Xiaoyan Deng et al.     We propose a vena cava filter in which helical flow is created in the filter’s working zone to minimize filter blockage by trapped clots and facilitate the lysis of trapped …             Quantitative 3D investigation of Neuronal network in mouse spinal cord model ▶     I. Bukreeva, G. Campi, M. Fratini et al.     The investigation of the neuronal network in mouse spinal cord models represents the basis for the research on neurodegenerative diseases. In this framework, the quantitative …             Electronic State of Sodium trans-[Tetrachloridobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)] (NKP-1339) in Tumor, Liver and Kidney Tissue of a SW480-bearing Mouse ▶     Amir Blazevic, Alfred A. Hummer, Petra Heffeter et al.     Ruthenium complexes are promising candidates for anticancer agents, especially NKP-1339 (sodium trans-[tetrachloridobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)]), which is on the edge to …             FSD-C10, a Fasudil derivative, promotes neuroregeneration through indirect and direct mechanisms ▶     Yan-Hua Li, Chong Xie, Yuan Zhang et al.     FSD-C10, a Fasudil derivative, was shown to reduce severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), through the modulation …             Developmental Expression of 4-Repeat-Tau Induces Neuronal Aneuploidy in Drosophila Tauopathy Models ▶     Nicolas Malmanche, Pierre Dourlen, Marc Gistelinck et al.     Tau-mediated neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease and tauopathies is generally assumed to start in a normally developed brain. However, several lines of evidence suggest that …             The kinetochore-dependent and -independent formation of the CDC20-MAD2 complex and its functions in HeLa cells ▶     Jianquan Li, Nanmao Dang, Daniel James Wood et al.     The mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) is formed from two sub-complexes of CDC20-MAD2 and BUBR1-BUB3, and current models suggest that it is generated exclusively by the …             Crude venom from nematocysts of Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) elicits a sodium conductance in the plasma membrane of mammalian cells ▶     Rossana Morabito, Roberta Costa, Valentina Rizzo et al.     Cnidarians may negatively impact human activities and public health but concomitantly their venom represents a rich source of bioactive substances. Pelagia noctiluca is the most …             Morphological, physiological and anatomical traits of plant functional types in temperate grasslands along a large-scale aridity gradient in northeastern China ▶     Chengyuan Guo, Linna Ma, Shan Yuan et al.     At the species level, plants can respond to climate changes by changing their leaf traits; however, there is scant information regarding the responses of morphological, …             TLR4 antagonist FP7 inhibits LPS-induced cytokine production and glycolytic reprogramming in dendritic cells, and protects mice from lethal influenza infection ▶     Laure Perrin-Cocon, Anne Aublin-Gex, Stefania E. Sestito et al.     Dysregulated Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 activation is involved in acute systemic sepsis, chronic inflammatory diseases, such as atherosclerosis and diabetes, and in viral …             Temporal variations in presynaptic release probability in the lateral habenula ▶     Hoyong Park, Myunghyun Cheon, Sungmin Kim et al.     Rhythmicity plays an important role in a number of biological systems. The habenular complex is reported to contain an intrinsic molecular clock and to show rhythmic expression …             Effects of Sr-HT-Gahnite on osteogenesis and angiogenesis by adipose derived stem cells for critical-sized calvarial defect repair ▶     Guifang Wang, Seyed-Iman Roohani-Esfahani, Wenjie Zhang et al.     Tissue engineering strategies to construct vascularized bone grafts are now attracting much attention. Strontium-hardystonite-Gahnite (Sr-HT-Gahnite) is a strong, highly porous, …             Identification of LukPQ, a novel, equid-adapted leukocidin of Staphylococcus aureus ▶     Gerrit Koop, Manouk Vrieling, Daniel M. L. Storisteanu et al.     Bicomponent pore-forming leukocidins are a family of potent toxins secreted by Staphylococcus aureus, which target white blood cells preferentially and consist of an S- and an …             SRRM4-dependent neuron-specific alternative splicing of protrudin transcripts regulates neurite outgrowth ▶     Takafumi Ohnishi, Michiko Shirane, Keiichi I. Nakayama     Alternative splicing gives rise to diversity of the proteome, and it is especially prevalent in the mammalian nervous system. Indeed, many factors that control the splicing …             Social Models Enhance Apes’ Memory for Novel Events ▶     Lauren H. Howard, Katherine E. Wagner, Amanda L. Woodward et al.     Nonhuman primates are more likely to learn from the actions of a social model than a non-social “ghost display”, however the mechanism underlying this effect is still unknown. …             A conserved TLR5 binding and activation hot spot on flagellin ▶     Wan Seok Song, Ye Ji Jeon, Byeol Namgung et al.     Flagellin is a bacterial protein that polymerizes into the flagellar filament and is essential for bacterial motility. When flagellated bacteria invade the host, flagellin is …             Modeling Stem Cell Myogenic Differentiation ▶     Rajiv S. Deshpande, Alexander A. Spector     The process of stem cell myogenesis (transformation into skeletal muscle cells) includes several stages characterized by the expression of certain combinations of myogenic …             BabA dependent binding of Helicobacter pylori to human gastric mucins cause aggregation that inhibits proliferation and is regulated via ArsS ▶     Emma C. Skoog, Médea Padra, Anna Åberg et al.     Mucins in the gastric mucus layer carry a range of glycan structures, which vary between individuals, can have antimicrobial effect or act as ligands for Helicobacter pylori. …             Mycorrhizal trifoliate orange has greater root adaptation of morphology and phytohormones in response to drought stress ▶     Ying-Ning Zou, Peng Wang, Chun-Yan Liu et al.     Plant roots are the first parts of plants to face drought stress (DS), and thus root modification is important for plants to adapt to drought. We hypothesized that the roots of …             Release activity-dependent control of vesicle endocytosis by the synaptic adhesion molecule N-cadherin ▶     Bernd van Stegen, Sushma Dagar, Kurt Gottmann     At synapses in the mammalian brain, continuous information transfer requires the long-term maintenance of homeostatic coupling between exo- and endocytosis of synaptic vesicles. …             Hepatic alterations are accompanied by changes to bile acid transporter-expressing neurons in the hypothalamus after traumatic brain injury ▶     Damir Nizamutdinov, Sharon DeMorrow, Matthew McMillin et al.     Annually, there are over 2 million incidents of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and treatment options are non-existent. While many TBI studies have focused on the brain, peripheral …             Diverse strategies of O2 usage for preventing photo-oxidative damage under CO2 limitation during algal photosynthesis ▶     Ginga Shimakawa, Yusuke Matsuda, Kensuke Nakajima et al.     Photosynthesis produces chemical energy from photon energy in the photosynthetic electron transport and assimilates CO2 using the chemical energy. Thus, CO2 limitation causes an …             Visual area V5/hMT+ contributes to perception of tactile motion direction: a TMS study ▶     Tomohiro Amemiya, Brianna Beck, Vincent Walsh et al.     Human imaging studies have reported activations associated with tactile motion perception in visual motion area V5/hMT+, primary somatosensory cortex (SI) and posterior parietal …             An oxygen sensitive self-decision making engineered CAR T-cell ▶     Alexandre Juillerat, Alan Marechal, Jean Marie Filhol et al.     A key to the success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell based therapies greatly rely on the capacity to identify and target antigens with expression restrained to tumor …             Isl2b regulates anterior second heart field development in zebrafish ▶     Hagen R. Witzel, Sirisha Cheedipudi, Rui Gao et al.     After initial formation, the heart tube grows by addition of second heart field progenitor cells to its poles. The transcription factor Isl1 is expressed in the entire second …             Inhibition of NUCKS Facilitates Corneal Recovery Following Alkali Burn ▶     Ming-Wai Poon, Dan Jiang, Peng Qin et al.     Corneal wound healing involves a complex cascade of cytokine-controlled cellular events, including inflammatory and angiogenesis responses that are regulated by transcriptional …             Effect of myocyte-fibroblast coupling on the onset of pathological dynamics in a model of ventricular tissue ▶     S. Sridhar, Nele Vandersickel, Alexander V. Panfilov     Managing lethal cardiac arrhythmias is one of the biggest challenges in modern cardiology, and hence it is very important to understand the factors underlying such arrhythmias. …             The association of bacterial C9-based TTX-like compounds with Prorocentrum minimum opens new uncertainties about shellfish seafood safety ▶     Inés Rodríguez, Amparo Alfonso, Eva Alonso et al.     In 2012, Tetrodotoxin (TTX) was identified in mussels and linked to the presence of Prorocentrum minimum (P. minimum) in Greece. The connexion between TTX and P. minimum was …             Development of a nested-PCR assay for the rapid detection of Pilidiella granati in pomegranate fruit ▶     Xue Yang, Uzma Hameed, Ai-Fang Zhang et al.     Pilidiella granati, a causal agent of twig blight and crown rot of pomegranate, is an emerging threat that may cause severe risk to the pomegranate industry in the future. …             Modification of tumour cell metabolism modulates sensitivity to Chk1 inhibitor-induced DNA damage ▶     Andrew J. Massey     Chk1 kinase inhibitors are currently under clinical investigation as potentiators of cytotoxic chemotherapy and demonstrate potent activity in combination with anti-metabolite …             Pharmacological characterisation of the highly NaV1.7 selective spider venom peptide Pn3a ▶     Jennifer R. Deuis, Zoltan Dekan, Joshua S. Wingerd et al.     Human genetic studies have implicated the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7 as a therapeutic target for the treatment of pain. A novel peptide, μ-theraphotoxin-Pn3a, isolated …             Nesfatin-1 protects dopaminergic neurons against MPP+/MPTP-induced neurotoxicity through the C-Raf–ERK1/2-dependent anti-apoptotic pathway ▶     Xiao-Li Shen, Ning Song, Xi-Xun Du et al.     Several brain-gut peptides have been reported to have a close relationship with the central dopaminergic system; one such brain-gut peptide is nesfatin-1. Nesfatin-1 is a satiety …             Secreted miR-27a Induced by Cyclic Stretch Modulates the Proliferation of Endothelial Cells in Hypertension via GRK6 ▶     Lu Wang, Han Bao, Kai-Xuan Wang et al.     Abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells (ECs) is important in vascular remodeling during hypertension, but the mechanisms are still unclear. In hypertensive rats caused by …             LanCL proteins are not Involved in Lanthionine Synthesis in Mammals ▶     Chang He, Min Zeng, Debapriya Dutta et al.     LanC-like (LanCL) proteins are mammalian homologs of bacterial LanC enzymes, which catalyze the addition of the thiol of Cys to dehydrated Ser residues during the biosynthesis of …             Erratum: Physico-chemical properties based differential toxicity of graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide in human lung cells mediated through oxidative stress ▶     Sandeep Mittal, Veeresh Kumar, Nitesh Dhiman et al.                 Overexpression of MoSM1, encoding for an immunity-inducing protein from Magnaporthe oryzae, in rice confers broad-spectrum resistance against fungal and bacterial diseases ▶     Yongbo Hong, Yayun Yang, Huijuan Zhang et al.     Potential of MoSM1, encoding for a cerato-platanin protein from Magnaporthe oryzae, in improvement of rice disease resistance was examined. Transient expression of MoSM1 in rice …             Spatio-Temporal Tolerance of Visuo-Tactile Illusions in Artificial Skin by Recurrent Neural Network with Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity ▶     Alexandre Pitti, Ganna Pugach, Philippe Gaussier et al.     Perceptual illusions across multiple modalities, such as the rubber-hand illusion, show how dynamic the brain is at adapting its body image and at determining what is part of it …             Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M associates with mTORC2 and regulates muscle differentiation ▶     Wei-Yen Chen, Chia-Lung Lin, Jen-Hua Chuang et al.     Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a range of crucial roles in cell survival, growth, proliferation, metabolism, and morphology. However, mTOR forms two distinct …             Identification of novel cellular clusters define a specialized area in the cerebellar periventricular zone ▶     María Alejandra González-González, Gabriela B. Gómez-González, Marymar Becerra-González et al.     The periventricular zone of cerebellum is a germinative niche during the embryonic development, nevertheless its structural organization and functional implications in adult have …             Comparative Phosphoproteomics Reveals an Important Role of MKK2 in Banana (Musa spp.) Cold Signal Network ▶     Jie Gao, Sheng Zhang, Wei-Di He et al.     Low temperature is one of the key environmental stresses, which greatly affects global banana production. However, little is known about the global phosphoproteomes in Musa spp. …             Comparative genomics and transcriptome analysis of Aspergillus niger and metabolic engineering for citrate production ▶     Xian Yin, Hyun-dong Shin, Jianghua Li et al.     Despite a long and successful history of citrate production in Aspergillus niger, the molecular mechanism of citrate accumulation is only partially understood. In this study, we …             Dynamical states, possibilities and propagation of stress signal ▶     Md. Zubbair Malik, Shahnawaz Ali, Soibam Shyamchand Singh et al.     The stress driven dynamics of Notch-Wnt-p53 cross-talk is subjected to a few possible dynamical states governed by simple fractal rules, and allowed to decide its own fate by …             Asymmetric Waveforms Decrease Lethal Thresholds in High Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Therapies ▶     Michael B. Sano, Richard E. Fan, Lei Xing     Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising non-thermal treatment for inoperable tumors which uses short (50–100 μs) high voltage monopolar pulses to disrupt the membranes …             CD1− and CD1+ porcine blood dendritic cells are enriched for the orthologues of the two major mammalian conventional subsets ▶     Jane C. Edwards, Helen E. Everett, Miriam Pedrera et al.     Conventional dendritic cells (cDC) are professional antigen-presenting cells that induce immune activation or tolerance. Two functionally specialised populations, termed cDC1 and …             Shigatoxin encoding Bacteriophage ϕ24B modulates bacterial metabolism to raise antimicrobial tolerance ▶     G. S. Holt, J. K. Lodge, A. J. McCarthy et al.     How temperate bacteriophages play a role in microbial infection and disease progression is not fully understood. They do this in part by carrying genes that promote positive …             Key sources and seasonal dynamics of greenhouse gas fluxes from yak grazing systems on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ▶     Yang Liu, Caiyu Yan, Cory Matthew et al.     Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from livestock grazing systems are contributing to global warming. To examine the influence of yak grazing systems on GHG fluxes and relationships …             Insecticidal toxicities of carvacrol and thymol derived from Thymus vulgaris Lin. against Pochazia shantungensis Chou & Lu., newly recorded pest ▶     Jun-Hwan Park, Ye-Jin Jeon, Chi-Hoon Lee et al.     The insecticidal toxicities of five essential oils against Pochazia shantungensis adults and nymphs, newly recorded pests, were evaluated. The LC50 values of Thymus vulgaris, …             The systematic analysis of coding and long non-coding RNAs in the sub-chronic and chronic stages of spinal cord injury ▶     Raquel Cuevas-Diaz Duran, Han Yan, Yiyan Zheng et al.     Spinal cord injury (SCI) remains one of the most debilitating neurological disorders and the majority of SCI patients are in the chronic phase. Previous studies of SCI have …             Broad-Range Antiviral Activity of Hydrogen Sulfide Against Highly Pathogenic RNA Viruses ▶     Nikolay Bazhanov, Olivier Escaffre, Alexander N. Freiberg et al.     Hydrogen sulfide is an important endogenous mediator that has been the focus of intense investigation in the past few years, leading to the discovery of its role in vasoactive, …             Norovirus P particle-based active Aβ immunotherapy elicits sufficient immunogenicity and improves cognitive capacity in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Lu Fu, Yingnan Li, Yue Hu et al.     Disease-modifying immunotherapies focusing on reducing amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition are the main treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, none of the Aβ immunotherapies …             Multiplexing PKA and ERK1&2 kinases FRET biosensors in living cells using single excitation wavelength dual colour FLIM ▶     Claire Demeautis, François Sipieter, Julien Roul et al.     Monitoring of different signalling enzymes in a single assay using multiplex biosensing provides a multidimensional workspace to elucidate biological processes, signalling …             Tanshinone IIA induces intrinsic apoptosis in osteosarcoma cells both in vivo and in vitro associated with mitochondrial dysfunction ▶     Sheng-Teng Huang, Chao-Chun Huang, Wen-Liang Huang et al.     Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a phytochemical derived from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been shown to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in various cancer cells. The …             Genetic risk variants for metabolic traits in Arab populations ▶     Prashantha Hebbar, Naser Elkum, Fadi Alkayal et al.     Despite a high prevalence of metabolic trait related diseases in Arabian Peninsula, there is a lack of convincingly identified genetic determinants for metabolic traits in this …             Ameliorative effects of Compound K and ginsenoside Rh1 on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats ▶     Xu-Jia Chen, Wen-Jing Liu, Meng-Liang Wen et al.     Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease, which has no standard treatment available. Panax notoginseng saponines (PNS) have recently been reported to …             Investigation of changes in structure and thermodynamic of spruce budworm antifreeze protein under subfreezing temperature ▶     Hung Nguyen, Ly Le     The aim of this theoretical work is to investigate of the changes in structure and thermodynamics of spruce budworm antifreeze protein (sbAFP) at low temperatures by using …             Visceral hyperalgesia caused by peptide YY deletion and Y2 receptor antagonism ▶     Ahmed M. Hassan, Piyush Jain, Raphaela Mayerhofer et al.     Altered levels of colonic peptide YY (PYY) have been reported in patients suffering from functional and inflammatory bowel disorders. While the involvement of neuropeptide Y …             Retooling Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis Algorithm to Enhance Non-Invasive High Resolution Laser Speckle Functional Imaging of Cutaneous Microcirculation ▶     Surya C. Gnyawali, Kevin Blum, Durba Pal et al.     Cutaneous microvasculopathy complicates wound healing. Functional assessment of gated individual dermal microvessels is therefore of outstanding interest. Functional performance …             Application of 3D and 2D quantitative shear wave elastography (SWE) to differentiate between benign and malignant breast masses ▶     Jie Tian, Qianqi Liu, Xi Wang et al.     As breast cancer tissues are stiffer than normal tissues, shear wave elastography (SWE) can locally quantify tissue stiffness and provide histological information. Moreover, …             Long-term exposure to 835 MHz RF-EMF induces hyperactivity, autophagy and demyelination in the cortical neurons of mice ▶     Ju Hwan Kim, Da-Hyeon Yu, Yang Hoon Huh et al.     Radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) is used globally in conjunction with mobile communications. There are public concerns of the perceived deleterious biological …             Altered motion repulsion in Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Yan Li, Shougang Guo, Yongxiang Wang et al.     Recent research in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) indicates that perceptual impairments may occur before the onset of cognitive declines, and can thus serve as an early noninvasive …             Altered glucose and lipid homeostasis in liver and adipose tissue pre-dispose inducible NOS knockout mice to insulin resistance ▶     Babu Nageswararao Kanuri, Jitendra S. Kanshana, Sanjay C. Rebello et al.     On the basis of diet induced obesity and KO mice models, nitric oxide is implied to play an important role in the initiation of dyslipidemia induced insulin resistance. However, …             Early Secreted Antigenic Target of 6-kDa of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Stimulates IL-6 Production by Macrophages through Activation of STAT3 ▶     Bock-Gie Jung, Xisheng Wang, Na Yi et al.     As early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an essential virulence factor and macrophages are critical for tuberculosis infection …             Complete-genome sequencing elucidates outbreak dynamics of CA-MRSA USA300 (ST8-spa t008) in an academic hospital of Paramaribo, Republic of Suriname ▶     Artur J. Sabat, Sandra M. Hermelijn, Viktoria Akkerboom et al.     We report the investigation of an outbreak situation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that occurred at the Academic Hospital Paramaribo (AZP) in the Republic …             The β-globin Replicator greatly enhances the potential of S/MAR based episomal vectors for gene transfer into human haematopoietic progenitor cells ▶     Eleana F. Stavrou, Vassileios M. Lazaris, Aristeidis Giannakopoulos et al.     Specific human chromosomal elements enhance the performance of episomal gene-transfer vectors. S/MAR-based episomal vector pEPI-eGFP transfects CD34+ haematopoietic cells, but …             HIF-1α induction during reperfusion avoids maladaptive repair after renal ischemia/reperfusion involving miR127-3p ▶     Elisa Conde, Sara Giménez-Moyano, Laura Martín-Gómez et al.     Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) leads to Acute Kidney Injury. HIF-1α is a key factor during organ response to I/R. We previously demonstrated that HIF-1α is induced during renal …             Development of an efficient screening system to identify novel bone metabolism-related genes using the exchangeable gene trap mutagenesis mouse models ▶     Syuji Kurogi, Tomohisa Sekimoto, Taro Funamoto et al.     Despite numerous genetic studies on bone metabolism, understanding of the specific mechanisms is lacking. We developed an efficient screening system to identify novel genes …             Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidative Stress Triggers Tgf-Beta-Dependent Muscle Dysfunction by Accelerating Ascorbic Acid Turnover ▶     Diego Pozzer, Mariagrazia Favellato, Marco Bolis et al.     Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress are two related phenomena that have important metabolic consequences. As many skeletal muscle diseases are triggered by oxidative …             Corrigendum: Genomic Selection Improves Heat Tolerance in Dairy Cattle ▶     J. B. Garner, M. L. Douglas, S. R. O Williams et al.                 Corrigendum: Nanoimaging granule dynamics and subcellular structures in activated mast cells using soft X-ray tomography ▶     Huan-Yuan Chen, Dapi Meng-Lin Chiang, Zi-Jing Lin et al.                 A novel dominant GJB2 (DFNA3) mutation in a Chinese family ▶     Hongyang Wang, Kaiwen Wu, Lan Yu et al.     To decipher the phenotype and genotype of a Chinese family with autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL) and a novel dominant missense mutation in the GJB2 gene …             Effects of Increased Nitrogen and Phosphorus Deposition on Offspring Performance of Two Dominant Species in a Temperate Steppe Ecosystem ▶     Yang Li, Longyu Hou, Bing Song et al.     Plants adapt to environment by plastic growth which will be transferred to offspring through transgenerational effect. Performance and response of maternal and offspring plant …             Predicting Drug Combination Index and Simulating the Network-Regulation Dynamics by Mathematical Modeling of Drug-Targeted EGFR-ERK Signaling Pathway ▶     Lu Huang, Yuyang Jiang, Yuzong Chen     Synergistic drug combinations enable enhanced therapeutics. Their discovery typically involves the measurement and assessment of drug combination index (CI), which can be …             Coordinated cell motility is regulated by a combination of LKB1 farnesylation and kinase activity ▶     S. Wilkinson, Y. Hou, J. T. Zoine et al.     Cell motility requires the precise coordination of cell polarization, lamellipodia formation, adhesion, and force generation. LKB1 is a multi-functional serine/threonine kinase …             Conserving herbivorous and predatory insects in urban green spaces ▶     Luis Mata, Caragh G. Threlfall, Nicholas S. G. Williams et al.     Insects are key components of urban ecological networks and are greatly impacted by anthropogenic activities. Yet, few studies have examined how insect functional groups respond …             Neural activity in the dorsal medial superior temporal area of monkeys represents retinal error during adaptive motor learning ▶     Aya Takemura, Tomoyo Ofuji, Kenichiro Miura et al.     To adapt to variable environments, humans regulate their behavior by modulating gains in sensory-to-motor processing. In this study, we measured a simple eye movement, the ocular …             Interspecies cathelicidin comparison reveals divergence in antimicrobial activity, TLR modulation, chemokine induction and regulation of phagocytosis ▶     Maarten Coorens, Maaike R. Scheenstra, Edwin J. A. Veldhuizen et al.     Cathelicidins are short cationic peptides initially described as antimicrobial peptides, which can also modulate the immune system. Because most findings have been described in …             Erratum: Longitudinal modeling of ultrasensitive and traditional prostate-specific antigen and prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy ▶     Teemu D. Laajala, Heikki Seikkula, Fatemeh Seyednasrollah et al.                 Corrigendum: Purification and Characterization of a Novel Cold Shock Protein-Like Bacteriocin Synthesized by Bacillus thuringiensis ▶     Tianpei Huang, Xiaojuan Zhang, Jieru Pan et al.                 Individualised multiplexed circulating tumour DNA assays for monitoring of tumour presence in patients after colorectal cancer surgery ▶     Sarah B. Ng, Clarinda Chua, Matthew Ng et al.     Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has the potential to be a specific biomarker for the monitoring of tumours in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, our aim was to develop a …             Corrigendum: Mitochondrial pathogenic mechanism and degradation in optineurin E50K mutation-mediated retinal ganglion cell degeneration ▶     Myoung Sup Shim, Yuji Takihara, Keun-Young Kim et al.                 Demonstration of the Protein Involvement in Cell Electropermeabilization using Confocal Raman Microspectroscopy ▶     Antoine Azan, Valérie Untereiner, Cyril Gobinet et al.     Confocal Raman microspectroscopy was used to study the interaction between pulsed electric fields and live cells from a molecular point of view in a non-invasive and label-free …             Panmixia and dispersal from the Mediterranean Basin to Macaronesian Islands of a macrolichen species ▶     David Alors, Francesco Dal Grande, Paloma Cubas et al.     The Mediterranean region, comprising the Mediterranean Basin and the Macaronesian Islands, represents a center of diversification for many organisms. The genetic structure and …             Time-resolved neutron scattering provides new insight into protein substrate processing by a AAA+ unfoldase ▶     Ziad Ibrahim, Anne Martel, Martine Moulin et al.     We present a combination of small-angle neutron scattering, deuterium labelling and contrast variation, temperature activation and fluorescence spectroscopy as a novel approach …             Clumping factor A of Staphylococcus aureus interacts with AnnexinA2 on mammary epithelial cells ▶     Shoaib Ashraf, Jing Cheng, Xin Zhao     Staphylococcus aureus is one of major pathogens that can cause a series of diseases in different hosts. In the bovine, it mainly causes subclinical and contagious mastitis, but …             Modification of distinct ion channels differentially modulates Ca2+ dynamics in primary cultured rat ventricular cardiomyocytes ▶     Xichun Li, Liping Shen, Fang Zhao et al.     Primary cultured cardiomyocytes show spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations (SCOs) which not only govern contractile events, but undergo derangements that promote arrhythmogenesis through …             A single identified glomerulus in the zebrafish olfactory bulb carries the high-affinity response to death-associated odor cadaverine ▶     Milan Dieris, Gaurav Ahuja, Venkatesh Krishna et al.     The death-associated odor cadaverine, generated by bacteria-mediated decarboxylation of lysine, has been described as the principal activator of a particular olfactory receptor …             Determining arterial wave transit time from a single aortic pressure pulse in rats: vascular impulse response analysis ▶     Ru-Wen Chang, Chun-Yi Chang, Liang-Chuan Lai et al.     Arterial wave transit time (τw) in the lower body circulation is an effective biomarker of cardiovascular risk that substantially affects systolic workload imposed on the heart. …             Viral Phylogenomics Using an Alignment-Free Method: A Three-Step Approach to Determine Optimal Length of k-mer ▶     Qian Zhang, Se-Ran Jun, Michael Leuze et al.     The development of rapid, economical genome sequencing has shed new light on the classification of viruses. As of October 2016, the National Center for Biotechnology Information …             Methyl-Cytosine-Driven Structural Changes Enhance Adduction Kinetics of an Exon 7 fragment of the p53 Gene ▶     Spundana Malla, Karteek Kadimisetty, You-Jun Fu et al.     Methylation of cytosine (C) at C-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites enhances reactivity of DNA towards electrophiles. Mutations at CpG sites on the p53 tumor suppressor gene that can …             Tracking of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Fluorescence Endomicroscopy Imaging in Radiotherapy-Induced Lung Injury ▶     Jessica R. Perez, Norma Ybarra, Frederic Chagnon et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potential for reducing inflammation and promoting organ repair. However, limitations in available techniques to track them and assess this …             Cofilin Regulates Nuclear Architecture through a Myosin-II Dependent Mechanotransduction Module ▶     O’Neil Wiggan, Bryce Schroder, Diego Krapf et al.     Structural features of the nucleus including shape, size and deformability impact its function affecting normal cellular processes such as cell differentiation and pathological …             Systemic regulation of L-carnitine in nutritional metabolism in zebrafish, Danio rerio ▶     Jia-Min Li, Ling-Yu Li, Xun Qin et al.     Excess fat accumulation has been observed widely in farmed fish; therefore, efficient lipid-lowering factors have obtained high attention in the current fish nutrition studies. …             Human p53 interacts with the elongating RNAPII complex and is required for the release of actinomycin D induced transcription blockage ▶     Barbara N. Borsos, Ildikó Huliák, Hajnalka Majoros et al.     The p53 tumour suppressor regulates the transcription initiation of selected genes by binding to specific DNA sequences at their promoters. Here we report a novel role of p53 in …             Transcriptional profiling of olfactory system development identifies distal antenna as a regulator of subset of neuronal fates ▶     Scott Barish, Qingyun Li, Jia W. Pan et al.     Drosophila uses 50 different olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) classes that are clustered within distinct sensilla subtypes to decipher their chemical environment. Each sensilla …             New insights into fetal mammary gland morphogenesis: differential effects of natural and environmental estrogens ▶     Lucia Speroni, Maria Voutilainen, Marja L. Mikkola et al.     An increased breast cancer risk during adulthood has been linked to estrogen exposure during fetal life. However, the impossibility of removing estrogens from the feto-maternal …             Low-level predation by lytic phage phiIPLA-RODI promotes biofilm formation and triggers the stringent response in Staphylococcus aureus ▶     Lucía Fernández, Silvia González, Ana Belén Campelo et al.     An important lesson from the war on pathogenic bacteria has been the need to understand the physiological responses and evolution of natural microbial communities. Bacterial …             Neural Correlates of Speech Segregation Based on Formant Frequencies of Adjacent Vowels ▶     Claude Alain, Jessica S. Arsenault, Linda Garami et al.     The neural substrates by which speech sounds are perceptually segregated into distinct streams are poorly understood. Here, we recorded high-density scalp event-related …             Corrigendum: CRISPR-Cas9 mediated efficient PD-1 disruption on human primary T cells from cancer patients ▶     Shu Su, Bian Hu, Jie Shao et al.                 Manipulation of Auxin Response Factor 19 affects seed size in the woody perennial Jatropha curcas ▶     Yanwei Sun, Chunming Wang, Ning Wang et al.     Seed size is a major determinant of seed yield but few is known about the genetics controlling of seed size in plants. Phytohormones cytokinin and brassinosteroid were known to …             The chaperonin CCT inhibits assembly of α-synuclein amyloid fibrils by a specific, conformation-dependent interaction ▶     Begoña Sot, Alejandra Rubio-Muñoz, Ahudrey Leal-Quintero et al.     The eukaryotic chaperonin CCT (chaperonin containing TCP-1) uses cavities built into its double-ring structure to encapsulate and to assist folding of a large subset of proteins. …             Local melatonin application induces cold tolerance in distant organs of Citrullus lanatus L. via long distance transport ▶     Hao Li, Jingjing Chang, Junxian Zheng et al.     Melatonin is a ubiquitous chemical substance that regulates plant growth and responses to stress. Several recent studies show that exogenous melatonin confers cold tolerance to …             Improvement in the biochemical and chemical properties of badland soils by thorny bamboo ▶     Yo-Jin Shiau, Hsueh-Ching Wang, Tsai-Huei Chen et al.     Badland soils—which have high silt and clay contents, bulk density, and soil electric conductivity— cover a large area of Southern Taiwan. This study evaluated the amelioration …             Wells provide a distorted view of life in the aquifer: implications for sampling, monitoring and assessment of groundwater ecosystems ▶     Kathryn Korbel, Anthony Chariton, Sarah Stephenson et al.     When compared to surface ecosystems, groundwater sampling has unique constraints, including limited access to ecosystems through wells. In order to monitor groundwater, a …             Cultivation and energy efficient harvesting of microalgae using thermoreversible sol-gel transition ▶     Bendy Estime, Dacheng Ren, Radhakrishna Sureshkumar     Microalgae represent a promising source of renewable biomass for the production of biofuels and valuable chemicals. However, energy efficient cultivation and harvesting …             Viral microRNAs Target a Gene Network, Inhibit STAT Activation, and Suppress Interferon Responses ▶     Dhivya Ramalingam, Joseph M. Ziegelbauer     Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) encodes 12 pre-microRNAs during latency that are processed to yield ~25 mature microRNAs (miRNAs). We were interested in …             WHSC1L1-mediated EGFR mono-methylation enhances the cytoplasmic and nuclear oncogenic activity of EGFR in head and neck cancer ▶     Vassiliki Saloura, Theodore Vougiouklakis, Makda Zewde et al.     While multiple post-translational modifications have been reported to regulate the function of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the effect of protein methylation on its …             Lasing in Live Mitotic and Non-Phagocytic Cells by Efficient Delivery of Microresonators ▶     Marcel Schubert, Klara Volckaert, Markus Karl et al.     Reliable methods to individually track large numbers of cells in real time are urgently needed to advance our understanding of important biological processes like cancer …             Acetylcholine acts through M3 muscarinic receptor to activate the EGFR signaling and promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation ▶     Huangfei Yu, Hongwei Xia, Qiulin Tang et al.     Acetylcholine (ACh), known as a neurotransmitter, regulates the functions of numerous fundamental central and peripheral nervous system. Recently, emerging evidences indicate …             Development of patient-specific phantoms for verification of stereotactic body radiation therapy planning in patients with metallic screw fixation ▶     Dongryul Oh, Chae-Seon Hong, Sang Gyu Ju et al.     A new technique for manufacturing a patient-specific dosimetric phantom using three-dimensional printing (PSDP_3DP) was developed, and its geometrical and dosimetric accuracy was …             Leads in Arctic pack ice enable early phytoplankton blooms below snow-covered sea ice ▶     Philipp Assmy, Mar Fernández-Méndez, Pedro Duarte et al.     The Arctic icescape is rapidly transforming from a thicker multiyear ice cover to a thinner and largely seasonal first-year ice cover with significant consequences for Arctic …             Size-selective separation and overall-amplification of cell-free fetal DNA fragments using PCR-based enrichment ▶     Qiwei Yang, Zhenwu Du, Yang Song et al.     This study aimed to establish a method for the selective amplification of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal plasma and preserve the integrity of DNA fragments during …             Ocean warming and acidification synergistically increase coral mortality ▶     F. Prada, E. Caroselli, S. Mengoli et al.     Organisms that accumulate calcium carbonate structures are particularly vulnerable to ocean warming (OW) and ocean acidification (OA), potentially reducing the socioeconomic …             Qualitative and quantitative analysis with a novel shear wave speed imaging for differential diagnosis of breast lesions ▶     Yu-Ping Yang, Xiao-Hong Xu, Le-Hang Guo et al.     To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a new two-dimensional shear wave speed (SWS) imaging (i.e. Toshiba shear wave elastography, T-SWE) in differential diagnosis of breast …             Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-inducing Effect of exo-Protoporphyrin IX based Sonodynamic Therapy on Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ▶     Yanhong Lv, Jinhua Zheng, Qi Zhou et al.     Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an innovative modality for cancer treatment. But the biological effect of SDT on oral squamous cell carcinoma has not been studied. Our previous …             Dynamic modeling of uteroplacental blood flow in IUGR indicates vortices and elevated pressure in the intervillous space – a pilot study ▶     Christian J. Roth, Eva Haeussner, Tanja Ruebelmann et al.     Ischemic placental disease is a concept that links intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and preeclampsia (PE) back to insufficient remodeling of uterine spiral arteries. The …             Investigating causality in associations between smoking initiation and schizophrenia using Mendelian randomization ▶     Suzanne H. Gage, Hannah J. Jones, Amy E. Taylor et al.     Smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this reflects self-medication, recent studies suggest that smoking may be a risk …             PLIN2 is a Key Regulator of the Unfolded Protein Response and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Resolution in Pancreatic β Cells ▶     Elaine Chen, Tsung Huang Tsai, Lan Li et al.     Progressive pancreatic β cell failure underlies the transition of impaired glucose tolerance to overt diabetes; endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress expedites β cell failure in this …             Deep brain stimulation for myoclonus-dystonia syndrome with double mutations in DYT1 and DYT11 ▶     Jia-Wei Wang, Ji-Ping Li, Yun-Peng Wang et al.     Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome (MDS) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by the presentation of both myoclonic jerks and dystonia. Evidence is emerging …             Structure and membrane interactions of the homodimeric antibiotic peptide homotarsinin ▶     Rodrigo M. Verly, Jarbas M. Resende, Eduardo F. C. Junior et al.     Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from amphibian skin are valuable template structures to find new treatments against bacterial infections. This work describes for the first time the …             Differential effects of phytotherapic preparations in the hSOD1 Drosophila melanogaster model of ALS ▶     Francescaelena De Rose, Roberto Marotta, Giuseppe Talani et al.     The present study was aimed at characterizing the effects of Withania somnifera (Wse) and Mucuna pruriens (Mpe) on a Drosophila melanogaster model for Amyotrophic Lateral …             Integrated molecular analysis reveals complex interactions between genomic and epigenomic alterations in esophageal adenocarcinomas ▶     DunFa Peng, Yan Guo, Heidi Chen et al.     The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is rapidly rising in the United States and Western countries. In this study, we carried out an integrative molecular analysis to …             Bacterial endophyte communities of three agricultural important grass species differ in their response towards management regimes ▶     Franziska Wemheuer, Kristin Kaiser, Petr Karlovsky et al.     Endophytic bacteria are critical for plant growth and health. However, compositional and functional responses of bacterial endophyte communities towards agricultural practices …             HO-1 inhibits preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation at the onset of obesity via ROS dependent activation of Akt2 ▶     Gabriel Wagner, Josefine Lindroos-Christensen, Elisa Einwallner et al.     Excessive accumulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a hallmark of obesity. The expansion of WAT in obesity involves proliferation and differentiation of adipose precursors, …             Chelerythrine down regulates expression of VEGFA, BCL2 and KRAS by arresting G-Quadruplex structures at their promoter regions ▶     Jagannath Jana, Soma Mondal, Payel Bhattacharjee et al.     A putative anticancer plant alkaloid, Chelerythrine binds to G-quadruplexes at promoters of VEGFA, BCL2 and KRAS genes and down regulates their expression. The association of …             Evaluation of region selective bilirubin-induced brain damage as a basis for a pharmacological treatment ▶     Matteo Dal Ben, Cristina Bottin, Fabrizio Zanconati et al.     The neurologic manifestations of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the central nervous system (CNS) exhibit high variations in the severity and appearance of motor, auditory and …             Continuous cell supply from Krt7-expressing hematopoietic stem cells during native hematopoiesis revealed by targeted in vivo gene transfer method ▶     Yoko Tajima, Keiichi Ito, Ayumi Umino et al.     The nature of hematopoietic stem cells under normal hematopoiesis remained largely unknown due to the limited assays available to monitor their behavior in situ. Here, we develop …             Seasonal and regional presence of hymenopteran parasitoids of Drosophila in Switzerland and their ability to parasitize the invasive Drosophila suzukii ▶     Valery Knoll, Thomas Ellenbroek, Jörg Romeis et al.     Since its introduction into Europe the invasive Drosophila suzukii has established and spread widely, thereby entering habitats populated by native Drosophila species and their …             A comprehensive platform for the analysis of ubiquitin-like protein modifications using in vivo biotinylation ▶     Lucia Pirone, Wendy Xolalpa, Jón Otti Sigurðsson et al.     Post-translational modification by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins (UbLs) is fundamental for maintaining protein homeostasis. Efficient isolation of UbL conjugates is …             Protein kinase C δ signaling is required for dietary prebiotic-induced strengthening of intestinal epithelial barrier function ▶     Richard Y. Wu, Majd Abdullah, Pekka Määttänen et al.     Prebiotics are non-digestible oligosaccharides that promote the growth of beneficial gut microbes, but it is unclear whether they also have direct effects on the intestinal …             Immunoglobulin light chain (IGL) genes in torafugu: Genomic organization and identification of a third teleost IGL isotype ▶     Xi Fu, Fengjun Zhang, Shugo Watabe et al.     Here, we report a genome-wide survey of immunoglobulin light chain (IGL) genes of torafugu (Takifugu rubripes) revealing multi-clusters spanning three separate chromosomes (v5 …             A salivary EF-hand calcium-binding protein of the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens functions as an effector for defense responses in rice ▶     Wenfeng Ye, Haixin Yu, Yukun Jian et al.     The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a major pest of rice in Asia, is able to successfully puncture sieve tubes in rice with its …             Pericytes from Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a model for the blood-brain barrier ▶     Xiaohe Tian, Oliver Brookes, Giuseppe Battaglia     Blood brain-barrier (BBB) in vitro models have been widely reported in studies of the BBB phenotype. However, established co-culture systems involve brain endothelial cells, …             Crystal structure of Sec10, a subunit of the exocyst complex ▶     Jianxing Chen, Atsushi Yamagata, Keiko Kubota et al.     The exocyst complex is a heterooctameric protein complex composed of Sec3, Sec5, Sec6, Sec8, Sec10, Sec15, Exo70 and Exo84. This complex plays an essential role in trafficking …             Hepatitis B virus X protein is capable of down-regulating protein level of host antiviral protein APOBEC3G ▶     Ruidong Chen, Xue Zhao, Yongxiang Wang et al.     The apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) family proteins bind RNA and single-stranded DNA, and create C-to- base modifications through cytidine …             Disrupting Hepatocyte Cyp51 from Cholesterol Synthesis Leads to Progressive Liver Injury in the Developing Mouse and Decreases RORC Signalling ▶     Žiga Urlep, Gregor Lorbek, Martina Perše et al.     Development of mice with hepatocyte knockout of lanosterol 14α-demethylase (HCyp51−/−) from cholesterol synthesis is characterized by the progressive onset of liver injury with …             MicroRNA-34 directly targets pair-rule genes and cytoskeleton component in the honey bee ▶     Flávia C. P. Freitas, Camilla V. Pires, Charles Claudianos et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of developmental processes, such as cell fate determination and differentiation. Previous studies showed Dicer knockdown in honeybee embryos …             Association of Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) Identified SNPs and Risk of Breast Cancer in an Indian Population ▶     Rajini Nagrani, Sharayu Mhatre, Preetha Rajaraman et al.     To date, no studies have investigated the association of the GWAS-identified SNPs with BC risk in Indian population. We investigated the association of 30 previously reported and …             Cullin 7 mediates proteasomal and lysosomal degradations of rat Eag1 potassium channels ▶     Po-Hao Hsu, Yu-Ting Ma, Ya-Ching Fang et al.     Mammalian Eag1 (Kv10.1) potassium (K+) channels are widely expressed in the brain. Several mutations in the gene encoding human Eag1 K+ channel have been associated with …             IFN-γ regulates human dental pulp stem cells behavior via NF-κB and MAPK signaling ▶     Xinyao He, Wenkai Jiang, Zhirong Luo et al.     During caries, dental pulp expresses a range of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to the infectious challenge. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is a dimerized soluble cytokine, …             Strain-specific Fibril Propagation by an Aβ Dodecamer ▶     Dexter N. Dean, Pradipta K. Das, Pratip Rana et al.     Low molecular weight oligomers of amyloid-β (Aβ) have emerged as the primary toxic agents in the etiology of Alzheimer disease (AD). Polymorphism observed within the aggregation …             Adolescents display distinctive tolerance to ambiguity and to uncertainty during risky decision making ▶     Wouter van den Bos, Ralph Hertwig     Although actuarial data indicate that risk-taking behavior peaks in adolescence, laboratory evidence for this developmental spike remains scarce. One possible explanation for …             Superresolution Imaging of Clinical Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Breast Cancer with Single Molecule Localization Microscopy ▶     Matthew K. Creech, Jing Wang, Xiaolin Nan et al.     Millions of archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens contain valuable molecular insight into healthy and diseased states persevered in their native …             An aposymbiotic primary coral polyp counteracts acidification by active pH regulation ▶     Yoshikazu Ohno, Akira Iguchi, Chuya Shinzato et al.     Corals build their skeletons using extracellular calcifying fluid located in the tissue–skeleton interface. However, the mechanism by which corals control the transport of …             Brother of Regulator of Imprinted Sites (BORIS) suppresses apoptosis in colorectal cancer ▶     Yanmei Zhang, Mengdie Fang, Yongfei Song et al.     Identifying oncogenes that promote cancer cell proliferation or survival is critical for treatment of colorectal cancer. The Brother of Regulator of Imprinted Sites (BORIS) is …             Characterization of a P1-like bacteriophage carrying CTX-M-27 in Salmonella spp. resistant to third generation cephalosporins isolated from pork in China ▶     Ling Yang, Wan Li, Gui-Ze Jiang et al.     The aim of this study was to elucidate the epidemiology of third generation cephalosporin resistant Samonella isolates from pork of a slaughterhouse in China and the features of …             An extraordinary palaeontinid from the Triassic of Korea and its significance ▶     Kye Soo Nam, Ying Wang, Dong Ren et al.     A new, extraordinary palaeontinid Hallakkungis amisanus Nam, Wang & Szwedo, gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Triassic of the Amisan Formation in Boryeong City, Korea is …             The role of miR-497-5p in myofibroblast differentiation of LR-MSCs and pulmonary fibrogenesis ▶     Xiang Chen, Chaowen Shi, Cong Wang et al.     Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and fatal fibrotic lung disease characterized by profound changes in stem cell differentiation, epithelial cell …             A ZIP6-ZIP10 heteromer controls NCAM1 phosphorylation and integration into focal adhesion complexes during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ▶     Dylan Brethour, Mohadeseh Mehrabian, Declan Williams et al.     The prion protein (PrP) evolved from the subbranch of ZIP metal ion transporters comprising ZIPs 5, 6 and 10, raising the prospect that the study of these ZIPs may reveal …             Global identification of microRNAs associated with chlorantraniliprole resistance in diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.) ▶     Bin Zhu, Xiuxia Li, Ying Liu et al.     The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.), is one of the most serious cruciferous pests and has developed high resistance to most insecticides, including …             Lithium Accumulates in Neurogenic Brain Regions as Revealed by High Resolution Ion Imaging ▶     Giulia Zanni, Wojciech Michno, Elena Di Martino et al.     Lithium (Li) is a potent mood stabilizer and displays neuroprotective and neurogenic properties. Despite extensive investigations, the mechanisms of action have not been fully …             Maternal cortisol stimulates neurogenesis and affects larval behaviour in zebrafish ▶     Carol Best, Deborah M. Kurrasch, Mathilakath M. Vijayan     Excess glucocorticoid transferred from stressed mother to the embryo affects developing vertebrate offspring, but the underlying programming events are unclear. In this study, we …             Reliable and efficient solution of genome-scale models of Metabolism and macromolecular Expression ▶     Ding Ma, Laurence Yang, Ronan M. T. Fleming et al.     Constraint-Based Reconstruction and Analysis (COBRA) is currently the only methodology that permits integrated modeling of Metabolism and macromolecular Expression (ME) at …             Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Raccoon Dog Skin to Determine Melanin Content in Hair and Melanin Distribution in Skin ▶     Zhanyu Du, Kai Huang, Jiaping Zhao et al.     The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) is an important canid fur-bearing animal species worldwide. Chinese raccoon dogs that present a white mutation, especially those with a …             Combined LRRK2 mutation, aging and chronic low dose oral rotenone as a model of Parkinson’s disease ▶     Hui-Fang Liu, Philip Wing-Lok Ho, Gideon Chi-Ting Leung et al.     Aging, genetics and environmental toxicity are important etiological factors in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. A major obstacle is the lack …             Profiling single-guide RNA specificity reveals a mismatch sensitive core sequence ▶     Ting Zheng, Yingzi Hou, Pingjing Zhang et al.     Targeting specificity is an essential issue in the development of CRISPR-Cas technology. Using a luciferase activation assay, off-target cleavage activity of sgRNA was …             Antibody Responses to Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Health Care Personnel Previously Vaccinated and Vaccinated for The First Time ▶     Kuan-Ying A. Huang, Shih-Cheng Chang, Yhu-Chering Huang et al.     Inactivated influenza vaccination induces a hemagglutinin-specific antibody response to the strain used for immunization. Annual vaccination is strongly recommended for health …             The clinically approved antiviral drug sofosbuvir inhibits Zika virus replication ▶     Carolina Q. Sacramento, Gabrielle R. de Melo, Caroline S. de Freitas et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family, along with other agents of clinical significance such as dengue (DENV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses. Since ZIKV causes …             Vanillic acid attenuates Aβ1-42-induced oxidative stress and cognitive impairment in mice ▶     Faiz Ul Amin, Shahid Ali Shah, Myeong Ok Kim     Increasing evidence demonstrates that β-amyloid (Aβ) elicits oxidative stress, which contributes to the pathogenesis and disease progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aims …             Microbial succession in the gastrointestinal tract of dairy cows from 2 weeks to first lactation ▶     Kimberly A. Dill-McFarland, Jacob D. Breaker, Garret Suen     Development of the dairy calf gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and its associated microbiota are essential for survival and milk production, as this community is responsible for …             Novel G9 rotavirus strains co-circulate in children and pigs, Taiwan ▶     Fang-Tzy Wu, Krisztián Bányai, Baoming Jiang et al.     Molecular epidemiologic studies collecting information of the spatiotemporal distribution of rotavirus VP7 (G) and VP4 (P) genotypes have shown evidence for the increasing global …             Molecular mechanism of the allosteric regulation of the αγ heterodimer of human NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase ▶     Tengfei Ma, Yingjie Peng, Wei Huang et al.     Human NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzes the decarboxylation of isocitrate (ICT) into α-ketoglutarate in the Krebs cycle. It exists as the α2βγ heterotetramer …             Non-pathogenic tissue-resident CD8+ T cells uniquely accumulate in the brains of lupus-prone mice ▶     Peter A. Morawski, Chen-Feng Qi, Silvia Bolland     Severe lupus often includes psychiatric and neurological sequelae, although the cellular contributors to CNS disease remain poorly defined. Using intravascular staining to …             Dopamine promotes NMDA receptor hypofunction in the retina through D1 receptor-mediated Csk activation, Src inhibition and decrease of GluN2B phosphorylation ▶     Renato Socodato, Felipe N. Santiago, Camila C. Portugal et al.     Dopamine and glutamate are critical neurotransmitters involved in light-induced synaptic activity in the retina. In brain neurons, dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) and the cytosolic …             Insecticide resistance status in the whitefly, Bemisia tabaci genetic groups Asia-I, Asia-II-1 and Asia-II-7 on the Indian subcontinent ▶     N. C. Naveen, Rahul Chaubey, Dinesh Kumar et al.     The present study is a summary of the current level of the insecticide resistance to selected organophosphates, pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids in seven Indian field populations …             High Efficiency Hydrodynamic DNA Fragmentation in a Bubbling System ▶     Lanhui Li, Mingliang Jin, Chenglong Sun et al.     DNA fragmentation down to a precise fragment size is important for biomedical applications, disease determination, gene therapy and shotgun sequencing. In this work, a cheap, …             Dose-dependency and reversibility of radiation-induced injury in cardiac explant-derived cells of mice ▶     Lan Luo, Chen Yan, Yoshishige Urata et al.     We evaluated the dose-dependency and reversibility of radiation-induced injury in cardiac explant-derived cells (CDCs), a mixed cell population grown from heart tissues. Adult …             Deep-sea crustacean trawling fisheries in Portugal: quantification of effort and assessment of landings per unit effort using a Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) ▶     Juan Bueno-Pardo, Sofia P. Ramalho, Ana García-Alegre et al.     Mapping and quantifying bottom trawling fishing pressure on the seafloor is pivotal to understand its effects on deep-sea benthic habitats. Using data from the Vessel Monitoring …             Structural diversity of anti-pancreatic cancer capsimycins identified in mangrove-derived Streptomyces xiamenensis 318 and post-modification via a novel cytochrome P450 monooxygenase ▶     He-Lin Yu, Shu-Heng Jiang, Xu-Liang Bu et al.     Polycyclic tetramate macrolactams (PTMs) were identified as distinct secondary metabolites of the mangrove-derived Streptomyces xiamenensis 318. Together with three known …             The IL-17A rs2275913 single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with protection to tuberculosis but related to higher disease severity in Argentina ▶     A. Rolandelli, R. E. Hernández Del Pino, J. M. Pellegrini et al.     Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) causes nearly 10 millions of new tuberculosis disease cases annually. However, most individuals exposed to Mtb do not develop tuberculosis, …             Fiber-Laser-Based Ultrasound Sensor for Photoacoustic Imaging ▶     Yizhi Liang, Long Jin, Lidai Wang et al.     Photoacoustic imaging, especially for intravascular and endoscopic applications, requires ultrasound probes with miniature size and high sensitivity. In this paper, we present a …             Unique Bacteria Community Composition and Co-occurrence in the Milk of Different Ruminants ▶     Zhipeng Li, André-Denis G. Wright, Yifeng Yang et al.     Lactation provides the singular source of nourishment to the offspring of mammals. This nutrition source also contains a diverse microbiota affecting the development and health …             MerR and ChrR mediate blue light induced photo-oxidative stress response at the transcriptional level in Vibrio cholerae ▶     Mehmet Tardu, Selma Bulut, Ibrahim Halil Kavakli     Blue light (BL) is a major environmental factor that affects the physiology, behavior, and infectivity of bacteria as it contributes to the generation of reactive oxygen species …             An extended N-H bond, driven by a conserved second-order interaction, orients the flavin N5 orbital in cholesterol oxidase ▶     Emily Golden, Li-Juan Yu, Flora Meilleur et al.     The protein microenvironment surrounding the flavin cofactor in flavoenzymes is key to the efficiency and diversity of reactions catalysed by this class of enzymes. X-ray …             Stochastic evolution in populations of ideas ▶     Robin Nicole, Peter Sollich, Tobias Galla     It is known that learning of players who interact in a repeated game can be interpreted as an evolutionary process in a population of ideas. These analogies have so far mostly …             Epigenetic modifications at DMRs of placental genes are subjected to variations in normal gestation, pathological conditions and folate supplementation ▶     Beenish Rahat, Aatish Mahajan, Rashmi Bagga et al.     Invasive placentation and cancer development shares many similar molecular and epigenetic pathways. Paternally expressed, growth promoting genes (SNRPN, PEG10 and MEST) which are …             Gene set based association analyses for the WSSV resistance of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei ▶     Yang Yu, Jingwen Liu, Fuhua Li et al.     White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) is regarded as a virus with the strongest pathogenicity to shrimp. For the threshold trait such as disease resistance, marker assisted selection …             Chromatin organization revealed by nanostructure of irradiation induced γH2AX, 53BP1 and Rad51 foci ▶     Judith Reindl, Stefanie Girst, Dietrich W. M. Walsh et al.     The spatial distribution of DSB repair factors γH2AX, 53BP1 and Rad51 in ionizing radiation induced foci (IRIF) in HeLa cells using super resolution STED nanoscopy after low and …             Suppression of colitis by adoptive transfer of helminth antigen-treated dendritic cells requires interleukin-4 receptor-α signaling ▶     C. E. Matisz, B. Faz-López, E. Thomson et al.     Infection with helminth parasites has been explored as a treatment for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. As helminth antigens have potent immunomodulation properties capable …             Identification of a Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1 Recognition Motif in the Apolipoprotein E Variant APOE4 linked to Alzheimer’s Disease ▶     Anne Urfer-Buchwalder, Roman Urfer     Alzheimer’s disease affects tens of millions of people worldwide and its prevalence continues to rise. It is caused by a combination of a subject’s heredity, environment, …             Ecological impact of a secondary bacterial symbiont on the clones of Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) ▶     Chen Luo, Kun Luo, Linqin Meng et al.     Many insects harbor heritable endosymbionts, whether obligatory or facultative, and the role of facultative endosymbionts in shaping the phenotype of these species has become …             Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) represses MHC II transcription in macrophages by methylating CIITA ▶     Zhiwen Fan, Jianfei Li, Ping Li et al.     Efficient presentation of alien antigens triggers activation of T lymphocytes and robust host defense against invading pathogens. This pathophysiological process relies on the …             Hydrophobic Residues near the Bilin Chromophore-Binding Pocket Modulate Spectral Tuning of Insert-Cys Subfamily Cyanobacteriochromes ▶     Sung Mi Cho, Sae Chae Jeoung, Ji-Young Song et al.     Cyanobacteriochromes (CBCRs) are a subfamily of phytochrome photoreceptors found exclusively in photosynthetic cyanobacteria. Four CBCRs containing a second Cys in the insert …             Ultrastructure of sensilla of antennae and ovipositor of Sitotroga cerealella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), and location of female sex pheromone gland ▶     Min Ma, Meng-Meng Chang, Yan Lu et al.     The Angoumois grain moth, Sitotroga cerealella, is a serious pest of stored grains worldwide. Presently, the best effective control against the moth is to disrupt the sexual …             Mitochondrial protein import - Functional analysis of the highly diverged Tom22 orthologue of Trypanosoma brucei ▶     Jan Mani, Samuel Rout, Silvia Desy et al.     The β-barrel protein Tom40 and the α-helically anchored membrane protein Tom22 are the only universally conserved subunits of the protein translocase of the mitochondrial outer …             Butterfly eyespot organiser: in vivo imaging of the prospective focal cells in pupal wing tissues ▶     Mayo Iwasaki, Yoshikazu Ohno, Joji M. Otaki     Butterfly wing eyespot patterns are determined in pupal tissues by organisers located at the centre of the prospective eyespots. Nevertheless, organiser cells have not been …             The reference frame of the tilt aftereffect measured by differential Pavlovian conditioning ▶     Yusuke Nakashima, Yoichi Sugita     We used a differential Pavlovian conditioning paradigm to measure tilt aftereffect (TAE) strength. Gabor patches, rotated clockwise and anticlockwise, were used as conditioned …             Antimicrobial Probiotics Reduce Salmonella enterica in Turkey Gastrointestinal Tracts ▶     Brittany Forkus, Seth Ritter, Michail Vlysidis et al.     Despite the arsenal of technologies employed to control foodborne nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS), infections have not declined in decades. Poultry is the primary source of NTS …             Endozoicomonas genomes reveal functional adaptation and plasticity in bacterial strains symbiotically associated with diverse marine hosts ▶     Matthew J. Neave, Craig T. Michell, Amy Apprill et al.     Endozoicomonas bacteria are globally distributed and often abundantly associated with diverse marine hosts including reef-building corals, yet their function remains unknown. In …             Proteomic and Carbonylation Profile Analysis at the Critical Node of Seed Ageing in Oryza sativa ▶     Guangkun Yin, Xia Xin, Shenzao Fu et al.     The critical node (CN), which is the transition from the plateau phase to the rapid decreasing phase of seed ageing, is extremely important for seed conservation. Although …             Improved motor performance in patients with acute stroke using the optimal individual attentional strategy ▶     Takeshi Sakurada, Takeshi Nakajima, Mitsuya Morita et al.     It is believed that motor performance improves when individuals direct attention to movement outcome (external focus, EF) rather than to body movement itself (internal focus, …             Bacterial plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in aquatic environments in China ▶     Lei Yan, Dan Liu, Xin-Hua Wang et al.     Emerging antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to human’s health in the 21st century. Understanding and combating this issue requires a full and unbiased assessment of the …             A transcriptome analysis focusing on inflammation-related genes of grass carp intestines following infection with Aeromonas hydrophila ▶     Xuehong Song, Xiaolong Hu, Bingyao Sun et al.     Inflammation is a protective response that is implicated in bacterial enteritis and other fish diseases. The inflammatory mechanisms behind Aeromonas hydrophila infections in …             Accumulation and transformation of inorganic and organic arsenic in rice and role of thiol-complexation to restrict their translocation to shoot ▶     Seema Mishra, Jürgen Mattusch, Rainer Wennrich     Environmental contamination of arsenic (As) and its accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is of serious human health concern. In planta speciation of As is an important tool to …             The Composition of Human Milk and Infant Faecal Microbiota Over the First Three Months of Life: A Pilot Study ▶     Kiera Murphy, David Curley, Tom F. O’Callaghan et al.     Human milk contains a diverse array of bioactives and is also a source of bacteria for the developing infant gut. The aim of this study was to characterize the bacterial …             T Oligo-Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction (TOP-PCR): A Robust Method for the Amplification of Minute DNA Fragments in Body Fluids ▶     Yu-Shin Nai, Tzu-Han Chen, Yu-Feng Huang et al.     Body fluid DNA sequencing is a powerful noninvasive approach for the diagnosis of genetic defects, infectious agents and diseases. The success relies on the quantity and quality …             Evidence of neofunctionalization after the duplication of the highly conserved Polycomb group gene Caf1-55 in the obscura group of Drosophila ▶     Juan M. Calvo-Martín, Montserrat Papaceit, Carmen Segarra     Drosophila CAF1-55 protein is a subunit of the Polycomb repressive complex PRC2 and other protein complexes. It is a multifunctional and evolutionarily conserved protein that …             Early-life adversity accelerates cellular ageing and affects adult inflammation: Experimental evidence from the European starling ▶     Daniel Nettle, Clare Andrews, Sophie Reichert et al.     Early-life adversity is associated with accelerated cellular ageing during development and increased inflammation during adulthood. However, human studies can only establish …             The transmission potential of malaria-infected mosquitoes (An.gambiae-Keele, An.arabiensis-Ifakara) is altered by the vertebrate blood type they consume during parasite development ▶     S. Noushin Emami, Lisa C. Ranford-Cartwright, Heather M. Ferguson     The efficiency of malaria parasite development within mosquito vectors (sporogony) is a critical determinant of transmission. Sporogony is thought to be controlled by …             Extrinsic MAVS signaling is critical for Treg maintenance of Foxp3 expression following acute flavivirus infection ▶     Andreia Da Costa, Esteban Garza, Jessica B. Graham et al.     Given the rapid spread of flaviviruses such as West Nile virus (WNV) and Zika virus, it is critical that we develop a complete understanding of the key mediators of an effective …             Six Years in the Life of a Mother Bear - The Longest Continuous Heart Rate Recordings from a Free-Ranging Mammal ▶     Timothy G. Laske, Paul A. Iaizzo, David L. Garshelis     Physiological monitoring of free-ranging wild animals is providing new insights into their adaptations to a changing environment. American black bears (Ursus americanus) are …             Inhibition of Influenza A Virus Infection by Fucoidan Targeting Viral Neuraminidase and Cellular EGFR Pathway ▶     Wei Wang, Jiandong Wu, Xiaoshuang Zhang et al.     Development of novel anti-influenza A virus (IAV) drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity is critical for preparedness against influenza outbreaks. Herein, we investigated …             A novel spontaneous model of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) using a primary prostate cancer derived cell line demonstrating distinct stem-like characteristics ▶     Naomi Harner-Foreman, Jayakumar Vadakekolathu, Stéphanie A. Laversin et al.     Cells acquire the invasive and migratory properties necessary for the invasion-metastasis cascade and the establishment of aggressive, metastatic disease by reactivating a latent …             Predator personality and prey behavioural predictability jointly determine foraging performance ▶     Chia-chen Chang, Huey Yee Teo, Y. Norma-Rashid et al.     Predator-prey interactions play important roles in ecological communities. Personality, consistent inter-individual differences in behaviour, of predators, prey or both are known …             Plant toxin β-ODAP activates integrin β1 and focal adhesion: A critical pathway to cause neurolathyrism ▶     Rui-Yue Tan, Geng-Yan Xing, Guang-Ming Zhou et al.     Neurolathyrism is a unique neurodegeneration disease caused by β-N-oxalyl-L-α, β- diaminopropionic (β-ODAP) present in grass pea seed (Lathyrus stativus L.) and its pathogenetic …             Rapid acquisition of polymorphic virulence markers during adaptation of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 virus in the mouse ▶     Won-Suk Choi, Yun Hee Baek, Jin Jung Kwon et al.     Emergence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus in Asia and its spread to Europe and North America has caused great concern for human health. Although the H5N8 …             New Insights into Cooperative Binding of Homeodomain Transcription Factors PREP1 and PBX1 to DNA ▶     Chiara Zucchelli, Elena Ferrari, Francesco Blasi et al.     PREP1 and PBX1 are homeodomain (HD) transcription factors that play crucial roles in embryonic development. Here, we present the first biophysical characterization of a PREP1 HD, …             Estrogen related receptor is required for the testicular development and for the normal sperm axoneme/mitochondrial derivatives in Drosophila males ▶     Snigdha Misra, Anuj Kumar Pandey, Snigdha Gupta et al.     Estrogen related receptors (ERRs), categorized as orphan nuclear receptors, are critical for energy homeostasis and somatic development. However, significance of ERRs in the …             Massive Effect on LncRNAs in Human Monocytes During Fungal and Bacterial Infections and in Response to Vitamins A and D ▶     Konstantin Riege, Martin Hölzer, Tilman E. Klassert et al.     Mycoses induced by C.albicans or A.fumigatus can cause important host damage either by deficient or exaggerated immune response. Regulation of chemokine and cytokine signaling …             Helminth-induced Ly6Chi monocyte-derived alternatively activated macrophages suppress experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ▶     Cesar Terrazas, Juan de Dios Ruiz-Rosado, Stephanie A. Amici et al.     Helminths cause chronic infections and affect the immune response to unrelated inflammatory diseases. Although helminths have been used therapeutically to ameliorate inflammatory …             Rising temperatures may drive fishing-induced selection of low-performance phenotypes ▶     Timothy D. Clark, Vanessa Messmer, Andrew J. Tobin et al.     Climate warming is likely to interact with other stressors to challenge the physiological capacities and survival of phenotypes within populations. This may be especially true …             Sequestration of PRMT1 and Nd1-L mRNA into ALS-linked FUS mutant R521C-positive aggregates contributes to neurite degeneration upon oxidative stress ▶     Mi-Hee Jun, Hyun-Hee Ryu, Yong-Woo Jun et al.     Mutations in fused in sarcoma (FUS), a DNA/RNA binding protein, are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, little is known about how ALS-causing …             Methylation specific targeting of a chromatin remodeling complex from sponges to humans ▶     Jason M. Cramer, Deborah Pohlmann, Fernando Gomez et al.     DNA cytosine methylation and methyl-cytosine binding domain (MBD) containing proteins are found throughout all vertebrate species studied to date. However, both the presence of …             Folivory elicits a strong defense reaction in Catharanthus roseus: metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal distinct local and systemic responses ▶     Thomas Dugé de Bernonville, Inês Carqueijeiro, Arnaud Lanoue et al.     Plants deploy distinct secondary metabolisms to cope with environment pressure and to face bio-aggressors notably through the production of biologically active alkaloids. This …             Cocaine Enhances DC to T-cell HIV-1 Transmission by Activating DC-SIGN/LARG/LSP1 Complex and Facilitating Infectious Synapse Formation ▶     Anil Prasad, Rutuja Kulkarni, Shuxian Jiang et al.     DC-SIGN is a dendritic cell surface structure which participates in binding and transmission of HIV-1. Here, for the first time we demonstrate that cocaine induces over …             Glatiramer acetate attenuates the activation of CD4+ T cells by modulating STAT1 and −3 signaling in glia ▶     Ye-Hyeon Ahn, Sae-Bom Jeon, Chi Young Chang et al.     Interactions between immune effector cells of the central nervous system appear to directly or indirectly influence the progress/regression of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we …             B7-H3 participates in the development of Asthma by augmentation of the inflammatory response independent of TLR2 pathway ▶     Wenjing Gu, Xinxing Zhang, Yongdong Yan et al.     B7-H3, a new member of the B7 superfamily, acts as both a T cell costimulator and coinhibitor. Recent studies identified B7-H3 plays a critical role in the development of asthma. …             Loss of PAFR prevents neuroinflammation and brain dysfunction after traumatic brain injury ▶     Xiang-Jie Yin, Zhen-Yan Chen, Xiao-Na Zhu et al.     Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a principal cause of death and disability worldwide, which is a major public health problem. Death caused by TBI accounts for a third of all …             Rapid adaptation drives invasion of airway donor microbiota by Pseudomonas after lung transplantation ▶     M. Beaume, T. Köhler, G. Greub et al.     In cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, chronic airway infection by Pseudomonas leads to progressive lung destruction ultimately requiring lung transplantation (LT). Following LT, …             Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling via GSK3 inhibitors direct differentiation of human adipose stem cells into functional hepatocytes ▶     Jieqiong Huang, Xinyue Guo, Weihong Li et al.     The generation of hepatocytes that are derived from human adipose stem cells (hASCs) represents an alternative to human hepatocytes for individualized therapeutic and …             The genome sequence of Barbarea vulgaris facilitates the study of ecological biochemistry ▶     Stephen L. Byrne, Pernille Østerbye Erthmann, Niels Agerbirk et al.     The genus Barbarea has emerged as a model for evolution and ecology of plant defense compounds, due to its unusual glucosinolate profile and production of saponins, unique to the …             Genome-wide identification, evolution and expression analysis of RING finger protein genes in Brassica rapa ▶     Intikhab Alam, Yan-Qing Yang, Yong Wang et al.     More and more RING finger genes were found to be implicated in various important biological processes. In the present study, a total of 731 RING domains in 715 predicted proteins …             Specific and Sensitive Isothermal Electrochemical Biosensor for Plant Pathogen DNA Detection with Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles as Probes ▶     Han Yih Lau, Haoqi Wu, Eugene J. H. Wee et al.     Developing quick and sensitive molecular diagnostics for plant pathogen detection is challenging. Herein, a nanoparticle based electrochemical biosensor was developed for rapid …             Maternal diabetes modulates dental epithelial stem cells proliferation and self-renewal in offspring through apurinic/apyrimidinicendonuclease 1-mediated DNA methylation ▶     Guoqing Chen, Jie Chen, Zhiling Yan et al.     Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has many adverse effects on the development of offspring. Aberrant DNA methylation is a potential mechanism associated with these …             Fumarase activity: an in vivo and in vitro biomarker for acute kidney injury ▶     Per Mose Nielsen, Abubakr Eldirdiri, Lotte Bonde Bertelsen et al.     Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), and at present, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers that can diagnose AKI and measure …             Association of the Intestinal Microbiome with the Development of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration ▶     Martin S. Zinkernagel, Denise C. Zysset-Burri, Irene Keller et al.     Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most frequent cause of blindness in the elderly. There is evidence that nutrition, inflammation and genetic risk factors play an …             Remission of lymphoblastic leukaemia in an intravascular fluidic environment by pliable drug carrier with a sliding target ligand ▶     Donghyun Jang, Yeong Mi Lee, Jaehyun Lee et al.     A polyrotaxane-based nanoconstruct with pliable structure carrying a chemotherapeutic drug was developed for targeting circulating lymphoblastic leukaemia cells in a fluidic …             The different expression of TRPM7 and MagT1 impacts on the proliferation of colon carcinoma cells sensitive or resistant to doxorubicin ▶     Alessandra Cazzaniga, Claudia Moscheni, Valentina Trapani et al.     The processes leading to anticancer drug resistance are not completely unraveled. To get insights into the underlying mechanisms, we compared colon carcinoma cells sensitive to …             Sulfated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides markedly attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage cells and mice ▶     Zhijun Wang, Jianhua Xie, Yujiao Yang et al.     Natural polysaccharides and their modified derivatives are crucial supplements to the prevention of inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sulfated modification …             MiR-124 inhibits the migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by suppressing integrin αV expression ▶     Qian Qian Cai, Yi Wei Dong, Rong Wang et al.     Tumor metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related death especially in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although microRNAs have been implicated in tumor development, the …             Urinary Exosomes Contain MicroRNAs Capable of Paracrine Modulation of Tubular Transporters in Kidney ▶     Tannia Gracia, Xiaonan Wang, Ya Su et al.     Exosomes derived from all nephron segments are present in human urine, where their functionality is incompletely understood. Most studies have focused on biomarker discovery …             Electronegative LDL-mediated cardiac electrical remodeling in a rat model of chronic kidney disease ▶     An-Sheng Lee, Wei-Yu Chen, Hua-Chen Chan et al.     The mechanisms underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD)–associated higher risks for life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias remain poorly understood. In rats subjected to …             Optimizing isothiocyanate formation during enzymatic glucosinolate breakdown by adjusting pH value, temperature and dilution in Brassica vegetables and Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Franziska S. Hanschen, Rebecca Klopsch, Teresa Oliviero et al.     Consumption of glucosinolate-rich Brassicales vegetables is associated with a decreased risk of cancer with enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates playing a key role. However, …             High resolution structural evidence suggests the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum forms microdomains with Acidic Stores (lysosomes) in the heart ▶     Daniel Aston, Rebecca A. Capel, Kerrie L. Ford et al.     Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP) stimulates calcium release from acidic stores such as lysosomes and is a highly potent calcium-mobilising second messenger. …             Diversity and carbon storage across the tropical forest biome ▶     Martin J. P. Sullivan, Joey Talbot, Simon L. Lewis et al.     Tropical forests are global centres of biodiversity and carbon storage. Many tropical countries aspire to protect forest to fulfil biodiversity and climate mitigation policy …             Unraveling the microbial processes of black band disease in corals through integrated genomics ▶     Yui Sato, Edmund Y. S. Ling, Dmitrij Turaev et al.     Coral disease outbreaks contribute to the ongoing degradation of reef ecosystems, however, microbial mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of most coral diseases are …             Methane Emissions and Microbial Communities as Influenced by Dual Cropping of Azolla along with Early Rice ▶     Jingna Liu, Heshui Xu, Ying Jiang et al.     Azolla caroliniana Willd. is widely used as a green manure accompanying rice, but its ecological importance remains unclear, except for its ability to fix nitrogen in association …             Differential Effects of Vitamins A and D on the Transcriptional Landscape of Human Monocytes during Infection ▶     Tilman E. Klassert, Julia Bräuer, Martin Hölzer et al.     Vitamin A and vitamin D are essential nutrients with a wide range of pleiotropic effects in humans. Beyond their well-documented roles in cellular differentiation, embryogenesis, …                 Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Neutron Radiation Tolerance of Two Benchmark Thiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers: the Importance of Crystallinity for Organic Avionics ▶     G. M. Paternò, V. Robbiano, K. J. Fraser et al.     Aviation and space applications can benefit significantly from lightweight organic electronics, now spanning from displays to logics, because of the vital importance of …             Electronic State of Sodium trans-[Tetrachloridobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)] (NKP-1339) in Tumor, Liver and Kidney Tissue of a SW480-bearing Mouse ▶     Amir Blazevic, Alfred A. Hummer, Petra Heffeter et al.     Ruthenium complexes are promising candidates for anticancer agents, especially NKP-1339 (sodium trans-[tetrachloridobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)]), which is on the edge to …             Light-induced dynamic shaping and self-division of multipodal polyelectrolyte-surfactant microarchitectures via azobenzene photomechanics ▶     Nicolas Martin, Kamendra P. Sharma, Robert L. Harniman et al.     Light-induced shape transformations represent a fundamental step towards the emergence of adaptive materials exhibiting photomechanical behaviours. Although a range of covalent …             Formation of diverse polycyclic spirooxindoles via three-component reaction of isoquinolinium salts, isatins and malononitrile ▶     Jing Sun, Guo-liang Shen, Ying Huang et al.     The triethylamine promoted three-component reaction of N-(4-nitrobenzyl), N-ethoxycarbonylmethylisoquinolinium bromide, isatins and malononitrile in ethanol afforded …             Synergistically enhanced selective intracellular uptake of anticancer drug carrier comprising folic acid-conjugated hydrogels containing magnetite nanoparticles ▶     Haneul Kim, Ara Jo, Seulgi Baek et al.     Targeted drug delivery has long been extensively researched since drug delivery and release at the diseased site with minimum dosage realizes the effective therapy without …             Investigation of changes in structure and thermodynamic of spruce budworm antifreeze protein under subfreezing temperature ▶     Hung Nguyen, Ly Le     The aim of this theoretical work is to investigate of the changes in structure and thermodynamics of spruce budworm antifreeze protein (sbAFP) at low temperatures by using …             Unlocking the potential of SnS2: Transition metal catalyzed utilization of reversible conversion and alloying reactions ▶     Zhi Xiang Huang, Ye Wang, Bo Liu et al.     The alloying-dealloying reactions of SnS2 proceeds with the initial conversion reaction of SnS2 with lithium that produces Li2S. Unfortunately, due to the electrochemical …             Structure and membrane interactions of the homodimeric antibiotic peptide homotarsinin ▶     Rodrigo M. Verly, Jarbas M. Resende, Eduardo F. C. Junior et al.     Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from amphibian skin are valuable template structures to find new treatments against bacterial infections. This work describes for the first time the …             Corrigendum: Pre-amyloid oligomers budding:a metastatic mechanism of proteotoxicity ▶     Fabrizio Bernini, Daniele Malferrari, Marcello Pignataro et al.                 CoFe2O4@MIL-100(Fe) hybrid magnetic nanoparticles exhibit fast and selective adsorption of arsenic with high adsorption capacity ▶     Ji-Chun Yang, Xue-Bo Yin     In this study, we report the synthesis and application of mesoporous CoFe2O4@MIL-100(Fe) hybrid magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for the simultaneous removal of inorganic arsenic …             Electrolytic ammonia removal and current efficiency by a vermiculite-packed electrochemical reactor ▶     Liang Li, Ji Yao, Xueyou Fang et al.     The ammonia removal as well as the current efficiency during electrolysis was investigated by using a vermiculite-packed electrochemical reactor under continuous mode. …             Chelerythrine down regulates expression of VEGFA, BCL2 and KRAS by arresting G-Quadruplex structures at their promoter regions ▶     Jagannath Jana, Soma Mondal, Payel Bhattacharjee et al.     A putative anticancer plant alkaloid, Chelerythrine binds to G-quadruplexes at promoters of VEGFA, BCL2 and KRAS genes and down regulates their expression. The association of …             Unsaturated lipid bodies as a hallmark of inflammation studied by Raman 2D and 3D microscopy ▶     K. Czamara, K. Majzner, A. Selmi et al.     Endothelial HMEC-1 cells incubated with pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α for 6 and 24 hours were studied as a model of inflammation using Raman imaging. Striking changes in …             Be12O12 Nano-cage as a Promising Catalyst for CO2 Hydrogenation ▶     Haiyan Zhu, Yawei Li, Guizhi Zhu et al.     An efficient conversion of CO2 into valuable fuels and chemicals has been hotly pursued recently. Here, for the first time, we have explored a series of M12x12 nano-cages (M = B, …             Wearable Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Fabrics Produced by Knitting Flexible Wire Electrodes for the Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents ▶     Heesoo Jung, Jin Ah Seo, Seungki Choi     One of the key reasons for the limited use of atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) is its inability to treat non-flat, three-dimensional (3D) surface structures, such as electronic …             Carbon elimination from silicon kerf: Thermogravimetric analysis and mechanistic considerations ▶     Miguel Vazquez-Pufleau, Tandeep S. Chadha, Gregory Yablonsky et al.     40% of ultrapure silicon is lost as kerf during slicing to produce wafers. Kerf is currently not being recycled due to engineering challenges and costs associated with removing …             Controllable Synthesis of TiO2@Fe2O3 Core-Shell Nanotube Arrays with Double-Wall Coating as Superb Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes ▶     Yan Zhong, Yifan Ma, Qiubo Guo et al.     Highlighted by the safe operation and stable performances, titanium oxides (TiO2) are deemed as promising candidates for next generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, …             Reduced graphene oxide as a stable and high-capacity cathode material for Na-ion batteries ▶     Ghulam Ali, Asad Mehmood, Heung Yong Ha et al.     We report the feasibility of using reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as a cost-effective and high performance cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Graphene oxide is …             Intrinsic Defects and H Doping in WO3 ▶     Jiajie Zhu, Maria Vasilopoulou, Dimitris Davazoglou et al.     WO3 is widely used as industrial catalyst. Intrinsic and/or extrinsic defects can tune the electronic properties and extend applications to gas sensors and optoelectonics. …             An extended N-H bond, driven by a conserved second-order interaction, orients the flavin N5 orbital in cholesterol oxidase ▶     Emily Golden, Li-Juan Yu, Flora Meilleur et al.     The protein microenvironment surrounding the flavin cofactor in flavoenzymes is key to the efficiency and diversity of reactions catalysed by this class of enzymes. X-ray …             Chemical bonding in aqueous hexacyano cobaltate from photon- and electron-detection perspectives ▶     Sreeju Sreekantan Nair Lalithambika, Kaan Atak, Robert Seidel et al.     The electronic structure of the [Co(CN)6]3− complex dissolved in water is studied using X-ray spectroscopy techniques. By combining electron and photon detection methods from the …             Ab Initio Calculations of the N-N Bond Dissociation for the Gas-phase RDX and HMX ▶     Lin-lin Liu, Pei-jin Liu, Song-qi Hu et al.     NO2 fission is a vital factor for 1,3,5-Trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) decomposition. In this study, the …             Optimizing isothiocyanate formation during enzymatic glucosinolate breakdown by adjusting pH value, temperature and dilution in Brassica vegetables and Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Franziska S. Hanschen, Rebecca Klopsch, Teresa Oliviero et al.     Consumption of glucosinolate-rich Brassicales vegetables is associated with a decreased risk of cancer with enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates playing a key role. However, …             A new type of two-dimensional carbon crystal prepared from 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene ▶     Qi-Shi Du, Pei-Duo Tang, Hua-Lin Huang et al.     A new two-dimensional (2D) carbon crystal, different from graphene, has been prepared from 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, consisting of 4-carbon and 6-carbon rings in 1:1 ratio, named …             Specific and Sensitive Isothermal Electrochemical Biosensor for Plant Pathogen DNA Detection with Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles as Probes ▶     Han Yih Lau, Haoqi Wu, Eugene J. H. Wee et al.     Developing quick and sensitive molecular diagnostics for plant pathogen detection is challenging. Herein, a nanoparticle based electrochemical biosensor was developed for rapid …             Hydrogen reduction of molybdenum oxide at room temperature ▶     Andreas Borgschulte, Olga Sambalova, Renaud Delmelle et al.     The color changes in chemo- and photochromic MoO3 used in sensors and in organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells can be traced back to intercalated hydrogen atoms stemming either from …             Relaxation dynamics in the strong chalcogenide glass-former of Ge22Se78 ▶     Pengfei Li, Yaqi Zhang, Zeming Chen et al.     The enthalpy relaxation is performed in the glassy Ge22Se78 to understand the dynamic behaviors. The structure of the glass is examined by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra. …                 Physical Sciences ▲ top               Corrigendum: Glass-on-Glass Fabrication of Bottle-Shaped Tunable Microlasers and their Applications ▶     Jonathan M. Ward, Yong Yang, Síle Nic Chormaic                 Impact of saccharides on the drying kinetics of agarose gels measured by in-situ interferometry ▶     Bosi Mao, Thibaut Divoux, Patrick Snabre     Agarose gels are viscoelastic soft solids that display a porous microstructure filled with water at 90% w/w or more. Despite an extensive use in food industry and microbiology, …             Neutron Radiation Tolerance of Two Benchmark Thiophene-Based Conjugated Polymers: the Importance of Crystallinity for Organic Avionics ▶     G. M. Paternò, V. Robbiano, K. J. Fraser et al.     Aviation and space applications can benefit significantly from lightweight organic electronics, now spanning from displays to logics, because of the vital importance of …             Reduction of radiation loss at small-radius bend using spoof surface plasmon polariton transmission line ▶     Wen Xuan Tang, Hao Chi Zhang, Jun Feng Liu et al.     Spoof surface plasmon polariton (SPP) has been realized at low frequencies through corrugated metallic structures. As two-dimensional application, the ultrathin SPP transmission …             Corrigendum: Full Valley and Spin Polarizations in Strained Graphene with Rashba Spin Orbit Coupling and Magnetic Barrier ▶     Qing-Ping Wu, Zheng-Fang Liu, Ai-Xi Chen et al.                 Fabrication of polarization-independent waveguides deeply buried in lithium niobate crystal using aberration-corrected femtosecond laser direct writing ▶     Peng Wang, Jia Qi, Zhengming Liu et al.     Writing optical waveguides with femtosecond laser pulses provides the capability of forming three-dimensional photonic circuits for manipulating light fields in both linear and …             Laser induced white lighting of graphene foam ▶     Wieslaw Strek, Robert Tomala, Mikolaj Lukaszewicz et al.     Laser induced white light emission was observed from porous graphene foam irradiated with a focused continuous wave beam of the infrared laser diode. It was found that the …             Manipulating orbital angular momentum of light with tailored in-plane polarization states ▶     Luping Du, Zhongsheng Man, Yuquan Zhang et al.     Generally, polarization and phase are considered as two relatively independent parameters of light, and show little interaction when a light propagates in a homogeneous and …             Quantum Monte Carlo simulation of a particular class of non-stoquastic Hamiltonians in quantum annealing ▶     Masayuki Ohzeki     Quantum annealing is a generic solver of the optimization problem that uses fictitious quantum fluctuation. Its simulation in classical computing is often performed using the …             Nanoscale Topography on Black Titanium Imparts Multi-biofunctional Properties for Orthopedic Applications ▶     Jafar Hasan, Shubham Jain, Kaushik Chatterjee     We have developed a chlorine based reactive ion etching process to yield randomly oriented anisotropic nanostructures that render the titanium metal surface ‘black’ similar to …             Scattering Forces within a Left-Handed Photonic Crystal ▶     Angeleene S. Ang, Sergey V. Sukhov, Aristide Dogariu et al.     Electromagnetic waves are known to exert optical forces on particles through radiation pressure. It was hypothesized previously that electromagnetic waves inside left-handed …             Property database for single-element doping in ZnO obtained by automated first-principles calculations ▶     Kanghoon Yim, Joohee Lee, Dongheon Lee et al.     Throughout the past decades, doped-ZnO has been widely used in various optical, electrical, magnetic, and energy devices. While almost every element in the Periodic Table was …             Coherent Terahertz Radiation from Multiple Electron Beams Excitation within a Plasmonic Crystal-like structure ▶     Yaxin Zhang, Yucong Zhou, Yin Gang et al.     Coherent terahertz radiation from multiple electron beams excitation within a plasmonic crystal-like structure (a three-dimensional holes array) which is composed of multiple …             Tunable spin and valley dependent magneto-optical absorption in molybdenum disulfide quantum dots ▶     Fanyao Qu, A. C. Dias, Jiyong Fu et al.     Photonic quantum computer, quantum communication, quantum metrology and quantum optical technologies rely on the single-photon source (SPS). However, the SPS with …             Chern structure in the Bose-insulating phase of Sr2RuO4 nanofilms ▶     Hiroyoshi Nobukane, Toyoki Matsuyama, Satoshi Tanda     The quantum anomaly that breaks the symmetry, for example the parity and the chirality, in the quantization leads to a physical quantity with a topological Chern invariant. We …             Impact of Social Reward on the Evolution of the Cooperation Behavior in Complex Networks ▶     Yu’e Wu, Shuhua Chang, Zhipeng Zhang et al.     Social reward, as a significant mechanism explaining the evolution of cooperation, has attracted great attention both theoretically and experimentally. In this paper, we study …             Core-shell homojunction silicon vertical nanowire tunneling field-effect transistors ▶     Jun-Sik Yoon, Kihyun Kim, Chang-Ki Baek     We propose three-terminal core-shell (CS) silicon vertical nanowire tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs), which can be fabricated by conventional CMOS technology. CS TFETs …             Facile synthesis of high strength hot-water wood extract films with oxygen-barrier performance ▶     Ge-Gu Chen, Gen-Que Fu, Xiao-Jun Wang et al.     Biobased nanocomposite films for food packaging with high mechanical strength and good oxygen-barrier performance were developed using a hot-water wood extract (HWE). In this …             Corrigendum: Temporary-tattoo for long-term high fidelity biopotential recordings ▶     Lilach Bareket, Lilah Inzelberg, David Rand et al.                 Light-induced dynamic shaping and self-division of multipodal polyelectrolyte-surfactant microarchitectures via azobenzene photomechanics ▶     Nicolas Martin, Kamendra P. Sharma, Robert L. Harniman et al.     Light-induced shape transformations represent a fundamental step towards the emergence of adaptive materials exhibiting photomechanical behaviours. Although a range of covalent …             Enhancement of RecA-mediated self-assembly in DNA nanostructures through basepair mismatches and single-strand nicks ▶     Sybilla Louise Corbett, Rajan Sharma, Alexander Giles Davies et al.     The use of DNA as a structural material for nanometre-scale construction has grown extensively over the last decades. The development of more advanced DNA-based materials would …             Color-coded visualization of magnetic resonance imaging multiparametric maps ▶     Jakob Nikolas Kather, Anja Weidner, Ulrike Attenberger et al.     Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) data are emergingly used in the clinic e.g. for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. In contrast to conventional MR imaging data, …             Electronic State of Sodium trans-[Tetrachloridobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)] (NKP-1339) in Tumor, Liver and Kidney Tissue of a SW480-bearing Mouse ▶     Amir Blazevic, Alfred A. Hummer, Petra Heffeter et al.     Ruthenium complexes are promising candidates for anticancer agents, especially NKP-1339 (sodium trans-[tetrachloridobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate(III)]), which is on the edge to …             Evidence for Intramolecular Antiparallel Beta-Sheet Structure in Alpha-Synuclein Fibrils from a Combination of Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy ▶     Steven J. Roeters, Aditya Iyer, Galja Pletikapić et al.     The aggregation of the intrinsically disordered protein alpha-synuclein (αS) into amyloid fibrils is thought to play a central role in the pathology of Parkinson’s disease. Using …             High-throughput sheathless and three-dimensional microparticle focusing using a microchannel with arc-shaped groove arrays ▶     Qianbin Zhao, Jun Zhang, Sheng Yan et al.     Sheathless particle focusing which utilises the secondary flow with a high throughput has great potential for use in microfluidic applications. In this work, an innovative …             Quantitative 3D investigation of Neuronal network in mouse spinal cord model ▶     I. Bukreeva, G. Campi, M. Fratini et al.     The investigation of the neuronal network in mouse spinal cord models represents the basis for the research on neurodegenerative diseases. In this framework, the quantitative …             Novel Bioinformatics–Based Approach for Proteomic Biomarkers Prediction of Calpain-2 & Caspase-3 Protease Fragmentation: Application to βII-Spectrin Protein ▶     Atlal El-Assaad, Zaher Dawy, Georges Nemer et al.     The crucial biological role of proteases has been visible with the development of degradomics discipline involved in the determination of the proteases/substrates resulting in …             Corrigendum: Highly sensitive dual mode electrochemical platform for microRNA detection ▶     Pawan Jolly, Marina R. Batistuti, Anna Miodek et al.                 Tunable Multifunctional Thermal Metamaterials: Manipulation of Local Heat Flux via Assembly of Unit-Cell Thermal Shifters ▶     Gwanwoo Park, Sunggu Kang, Howon Lee et al.     Thermal metamaterials, designed by transformation thermodynamics are artificial structures that can actively control heat flux at a continuum scale. However, fabrication of them …             Catalyst shape engineering for anisotropic cross-sectioned nanowire growth ▶     Yonatan Calahorra, Alexander Kelrich, Shimon Cohen et al.     The ability to engineer material properties at the nanoscale is a crucial prerequisite for nanotechnology. Hereunder, we suggest and demonstrate a novel approach to realize …             Fabrication of Au-Ag nanocage@NaYF4@NaYF4:Yb,Er Core-Shell Hybrid and its Tunable Upconversion Enhancement ▶     Xu Chen, Donglei Zhou, Wen Xu et al.     Localized electric filed enhancement by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of noble metal nanoparticles is an effective method to amplify the upconversion luminescence (UCL) …             Spectroscopic evidence of odd frequency superconducting order ▶     Avradeep Pal, J. A. Ouassou, M. Eschrig et al.     Spin filter superconducting S/I/N tunnel junctions (NbN/GdN/TiN) show a robust and pronounced Zero Bias Conductance Peak (ZBCP) at low temperatures, the magnitude of which is …             Broadband unidirectional behavior of electromagnetic waves based on transformation optics ▶     XiaoFei Zang, YiMing Zhu, XueBin Ji et al.     High directive antennas are fundamental elements for microwave communication and information processing. Here, inspired by the method of transformation optics, we propose and …             Formation of diverse polycyclic spirooxindoles via three-component reaction of isoquinolinium salts, isatins and malononitrile ▶     Jing Sun, Guo-liang Shen, Ying Huang et al.     The triethylamine promoted three-component reaction of N-(4-nitrobenzyl), N-ethoxycarbonylmethylisoquinolinium bromide, isatins and malononitrile in ethanol afforded …             Bi-axial grown amorphous MoSx bridged with oxygen on r-GO as a superior stable and efficient nonprecious catalyst for hydrogen evolution ▶     Cheol-Ho Lee, Jin-Mun Yun, Sungho Lee et al.     Amorphous molybdenum sulfide (MoSx) is covalently anchored to reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) via a simple one-pot reaction, thereby inducing the reduction of GO and simultaneous …             Synergistically enhanced selective intracellular uptake of anticancer drug carrier comprising folic acid-conjugated hydrogels containing magnetite nanoparticles ▶     Haneul Kim, Ara Jo, Seulgi Baek et al.     Targeted drug delivery has long been extensively researched since drug delivery and release at the diseased site with minimum dosage realizes the effective therapy without …             Silicon-graphene conductive photodetector with ultra-high responsivity ▶     Jingjing Liu, Yanlong Yin, Longhai Yu et al.     Graphene is attractive for realizing optoelectronic devices, including photodetectors because of the unique advantages. It can easily co-work with other semiconductors to form a …             Assembly of flexible CoMoO4@NiMoO4·xH2O and Fe2O3 electrodes for solid-state asymmetric supercapacitors ▶     Jing Wang, Leipeng Zhang, Xusong Liu et al.     In this work, CoMoO4@NiMoO4·xH2O core-shell heterostructure electrode is directly grown on carbon fabric (CF) via a feasible hydrothermal procedure with CoMoO4 nanowires (NWs) as …             M-OTDR sensing system based on 3D encoded microstructures ▶     Qizhen Sun, Fan Ai, Deming Liu et al.     In this work, a quasi-distributed sensing scheme named as microstructured OTDR (M-OTDR) by introducing ultra-weak microstructures along the fiber is proposed. Owing to its …             Effect of gallium environment on infrared emission in Er3+-doped gallium– antimony– sulfur glasses ▶     Qing Jiao, Ge Li, Lini Li et al.     Gallium-based Ga–Sb–S sulfide glasses was elaborated and studied. A relationship between the structure, composition, and optical properties of the glass has been established. The …             {225}γ habit planes in martensitic steels: from the PTMC to a continuous model ▶     Annick P. Baur, Cyril Cayron, Roland E. Logé     Fine twinned microstructures with {225}γ habit planes are commonly observed in martensitic steels. The present study shows that an equibalanced combination of twin-related …             Effect of thermal annealing Super Yellow emissive layer on efficiency of OLEDs ▶     Samantha Burns, Jennifer MacLeod, Thu Trang Do et al.     Thermal annealing of the emissive layer of an organic light emitting diode (OLED) is a common practice for solution processable emissive layers and reported annealing …             Prototypical topological orbital ferromagnet γ-FeMn ▶     Jan-Philipp Hanke, Frank Freimuth, Stefan Blügel et al.     We predict from first principles an entirely topological orbital magnetization in the noncoplanar bulk antiferromagnet γ-FeMn originating in the nontrivial topology of the …             Center of mass in complex networks ▶     Chuanji Fu, Yachun Gao, Shimin Cai et al.     Network dynamics is always a big challenge in nonlinear dynamics. Although great advancements have been made in various types of complex systems, an universal theoretical …             Electronic and atomic structures of the Sr3Ir4Sn13 single crystal: A possible charge density wave material ▶     H.-T. Wang, M. K. Srivastava, C.-C. Wu et al.     X-ray scattering (XRS), x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopic techniques were used to study the …             Broadband and Broad-angle Polarization-independent Metasurface for Radar Cross Section Reduction ▶     Hengyi Sun, Changqing Gu, Xinlei Chen et al.     In this work, a broadband and broad-angle polarization-independent random coding metasurface structure is proposed for radar cross section (RCS) reduction. An efficient genetic …             Anisotropic hydrogen diffusion in α-Zr and Zircaloy predicted by accelerated kinetic Monte Carlo simulations ▶     Yongfeng Zhang, Chao Jiang, Xianming Bai     This report presents an accelerated kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) method to compute the diffusivity of hydrogen in hcp metals and alloys, considering both thermally activated hopping …             Gradient-Hierarchic-Aligned Porosity SiOC Ceramics ▶     Cekdar Vakifahmetoglu, Damla Zeydanli, Murilo Daniel de Mello Innocentini et al.     This work describes a simple technique to produce porous ceramics with aligned porosity having very high permeability and specific surface area. SiOC-based compositions were …             Erratum: Physico-chemical properties based differential toxicity of graphene oxide/reduced graphene oxide in human lung cells mediated through oxidative stress ▶     Sandeep Mittal, Veeresh Kumar, Nitesh Dhiman et al.                 Scale-dependent diffusion anisotropy in nanoporous silicon ▶     Daria Kondrashova, Alexander Lauerer, Dirk Mehlhorn et al.     Nanoporous silicon produced by electrochemical etching of highly B-doped p-type silicon wafers can be prepared with tubular pores imbedded in a silicon matrix. Such materials …             Efficient method for comprehensive computation of agent-level epidemic dissemination in networks ▶     Gilberto M. Nakamura, Ana Carolina P. Monteiro, George C. Cardoso et al.     Susceptible-infected (SI) and susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) are simple agent-based models often employed in epidemic studies. Both models describe the time evolution of …             Investigation of changes in structure and thermodynamic of spruce budworm antifreeze protein under subfreezing temperature ▶     Hung Nguyen, Ly Le     The aim of this theoretical work is to investigate of the changes in structure and thermodynamics of spruce budworm antifreeze protein (sbAFP) at low temperatures by using …             Effect of myocyte-fibroblast coupling on the onset of pathological dynamics in a model of ventricular tissue ▶     S. Sridhar, Nele Vandersickel, Alexander V. Panfilov     Managing lethal cardiac arrhythmias is one of the biggest challenges in modern cardiology, and hence it is very important to understand the factors underlying such arrhythmias. …             Efficient visible light-induced degradation of rhodamine B by W(NxS1−x)2 nanoflowers ▶     Peitao Liu, Jingyan Zhang, Daqiang Gao et al.     Here, W(NxS1−x)2 nanoflowers were fabricated by simple sintering process. Photocatalytic activity results indicated our fabricated N-doped WS2 nanoflowers shown outstanding …             Retooling Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis Algorithm to Enhance Non-Invasive High Resolution Laser Speckle Functional Imaging of Cutaneous Microcirculation ▶     Surya C. Gnyawali, Kevin Blum, Durba Pal et al.     Cutaneous microvasculopathy complicates wound healing. Functional assessment of gated individual dermal microvessels is therefore of outstanding interest. Functional performance …             Small-window parametric imaging based on information entropy for ultrasound tissue characterization ▶     Po-Hsiang Tsui, Chin-Kuo Chen, Wen-Hung Kuo et al.     Constructing ultrasound statistical parametric images by using a sliding window is a widely adopted strategy for characterizing tissues. Deficiency in spatial resolution, the …             In vivo detection of cucurbit[6]uril, a hyperpolarized xenon contrast agent for a xenon magnetic resonance imaging biosensor ▶     Francis T. Hane, Tao Li, Peter Smylie et al.     The Hyperpolarized gas Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (HyperCEST) Magnetic Resonance (MR) technique has the potential to increase the sensitivity of a hyperpolarized …             Reference-free, high-resolution measurement method of timing jitter spectra of optical frequency combs ▶     Dohyeon Kwon, Chan-Gi Jeon, Junho Shin et al.     Timing jitter is one of the most important properties of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and optical frequency combs. Accurate measurement of timing jitter power spectral density …             Electrolyte-Sensing Transistor Decals Enabled by Ultrathin Microbial Nanocellulose ▶     Jonathan D. Yuen, Scott A. Walper, Brian J. Melde et al.     We report an ultra-thin electronic decal that can simultaneously collect, transmit and interrogate a bio-fluid. The described technology effectively integrates a thin-film …             Super-strong materials for temperatures exceeding 2000 °C ▶     Laura Silvestroni, Hans-Joachim Kleebe, William G. Fahrenholtz et al.     Ceramics based on group IV-V transition metal borides and carbides possess melting points above 3000 °C, are ablation resistant and are, therefore, candidates for the design of …             Polarization conversion in plasmonic nanoantennas for metasurfaces using structural asymmetry and mode hybridization ▶     Peter R. Wiecha, Leo-Jay Black, Yudong Wang et al.     Polarization control using single plasmonic nanoantennas is of interest for subwavelength optical components in nano-optical circuits and metasurfaces. Here, we investigate the …             Corrigendum: A comprehensive strategy for the analysis of acoustic compressibility and optical deformability on single cells ▶     Tie Yang, Francesca Bragheri, Giovanni Nava et al.                 Unlocking the potential of SnS2: Transition metal catalyzed utilization of reversible conversion and alloying reactions ▶     Zhi Xiang Huang, Ye Wang, Bo Liu et al.     The alloying-dealloying reactions of SnS2 proceeds with the initial conversion reaction of SnS2 with lithium that produces Li2S. Unfortunately, due to the electrochemical …             Strengthening of Ceramic-based Artificial Nacre via Synergistic Interactions of 1D Vanadium Pentoxide and 2D Graphene Oxide Building Blocks ▶     Andrea Knöller, Christian P. Lampa, Felix von Cube et al.     Nature has evolved hierarchical structures of hybrid materials with excellent mechanical properties. Inspired by nacre’s architecture, a ternary nanostructured composite has been …             Novel Electron-Phonon Relaxation Pathway in Graphite Revealed by Time-Resolved Raman Scattering and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy ▶     Jhih-An Yang, Stephen Parham, Daniel Dessau et al.     Time dynamics of photoexcited electron-hole pairs is important for a number of technologies, in particular solar cells. We combined ultrafast pump-probe Raman scattering and …             Corrigendum: Light-matter decoupling and A2 term detection in superconducting circuits ▶     J. J. García-Ripoll, B. Peropadre, S. De Liberato                 Correlations of charge neutrality level with electronic structure and p-d hybridization ▶     Arkaprava Das, Subodh K. Gautam, D. K. Shukla et al.     The formation of charge neutrality level (CNL) in highly conducting Cadmium oxide (CdO) thin films is demonstarted by the observed variation in the band gap upon annealing and …             Erratum: Measuring the Complex Optical Conductivity of Graphene by Fabry-Pérot Reflectance Spectroscopy ▶     Behnood G. Ghamsari, Jacob Tosado, Mahito Yamamoto et al.                 Non-Destructive Study of Bulk Crystallinity and Elemental Composition of Natural Gold Single Crystal Samples by Energy-Resolved Neutron Imaging ▶     Anton S. Tremsin, John Rakovan, Takenao Shinohara et al.     Energy-resolved neutron imaging enables non-destructive analyses of bulk structure and elemental composition, which can be resolved with high spatial resolution at bright pulsed …             Fractional lattice charge transport ▶     Sergej Flach, Ramaz Khomeriki     We consider the dynamics of noninteracting quantum particles on a square lattice in the presence of a magnetic flux α and a dc electric field E oriented along the lattice …             Structure and membrane interactions of the homodimeric antibiotic peptide homotarsinin ▶     Rodrigo M. Verly, Jarbas M. Resende, Eduardo F. C. Junior et al.     Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from amphibian skin are valuable template structures to find new treatments against bacterial infections. This work describes for the first time the …             Improved Solar-Driven Photocatalytic Performance of Highly Crystalline Hydrogenated TiO2 Nanofibers with Core-Shell Structure ▶     Ming-Chung Wu, Ching-Hsiang Chen, Wei-Kang Huang et al.     Hydrogenated titanium dioxide has attracted intensive research interests in pollutant removal applications due to its high photocatalytic activity. Herein, we demonstrate …             CoFe2O4@MIL-100(Fe) hybrid magnetic nanoparticles exhibit fast and selective adsorption of arsenic with high adsorption capacity ▶     Ji-Chun Yang, Xue-Bo Yin     In this study, we report the synthesis and application of mesoporous CoFe2O4@MIL-100(Fe) hybrid magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for the simultaneous removal of inorganic arsenic …             The role of configurational disorder on plastic and dynamic deformation in Cu64Zr36 metallic glasses: A molecular dynamics analysis ▶     S. D. Feng, K. C. Chan, S. H. Chen et al.     The varying degrees of configurational disorder in metallic glasses are investigated quantitatively by molecular dynamics studies. A parameter, the quasi-nearest atom, is used to …             Origins of Ripples in CVD-Grown Few-layered MoS2 Structures under Applied Strain at Atomic Scales ▶     Jin Wang, Raju R. Namburu, Madan Dubey et al.     The potential of the applicability of two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) structures, in various electronics, optoelectronics, and flexible devices requires a fundamental …             High Speed Terahertz Modulator on the Chip Based on Tunable Terahertz Slot Waveguide ▶     P. K. Singh, S. Sonkusale     This paper presents an on-chip device that can perform gigahertz-rate amplitude modulation and switching of broadband terahertz electromagnetic waves. The operation of the device …             Surface reconstructions and related local properties of a BiFeO3 thin film ▶     L. Jin, P. X. Xu, Y. Zeng et al.     Coupling between lattice and order parameters, such as polarization in ferroelectrics and/or polarity in polar structures, has a strong impact on surface relaxation and …             Integration of Visual and Joint Information to Enable Linear Reaching Motions ▶     Henry Eberle, Slawomir J. Nasuto, Yoshikatsu Hayashi     A new dynamics-driven control law was developed for a robot arm, based on the feedback control law which uses the linear transformation directly from work space to joint space. …             Model for large-area monolayer coverage of polystyrene nanospheres by spin coating ▶     Abhishek Chandramohan, Nikolai V. Sibirev, Vladimir G. Dubrovskii et al.     Nanosphere lithography, an inexpensive and high throughput technique capable of producing nanostructure (below 100 nm feature size) arrays, relies on the formation of a monolayer …             Corrigendum: Pre-amyloid oligomers budding:a metastatic mechanism of proteotoxicity ▶     Fabrizio Bernini, Daniele Malferrari, Marcello Pignataro et al.                 Cultivation and energy efficient harvesting of microalgae using thermoreversible sol-gel transition ▶     Bendy Estime, Dacheng Ren, Radhakrishna Sureshkumar     Microalgae represent a promising source of renewable biomass for the production of biofuels and valuable chemicals. However, energy efficient cultivation and harvesting …             Electrolytic ammonia removal and current efficiency by a vermiculite-packed electrochemical reactor ▶     Liang Li, Ji Yao, Xueyou Fang et al.     The ammonia removal as well as the current efficiency during electrolysis was investigated by using a vermiculite-packed electrochemical reactor under continuous mode. …             Lasing in Live Mitotic and Non-Phagocytic Cells by Efficient Delivery of Microresonators ▶     Marcel Schubert, Klara Volckaert, Markus Karl et al.     Reliable methods to individually track large numbers of cells in real time are urgently needed to advance our understanding of important biological processes like cancer …             Temporal Topic Modeling to Assess Associations between News Trends and Infectious Disease Outbreaks ▶     Saurav Ghosh, Prithwish Chakraborty, Elaine O. Nsoesie et al.     In retrospective assessments, internet news reports have been shown to capture early reports of unknown infectious disease transmission prior to official laboratory confirmation. …             Tracking of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Fluorescence Endomicroscopy Imaging in Radiotherapy-Induced Lung Injury ▶     Jessica R. Perez, Norma Ybarra, Frederic Chagnon et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potential for reducing inflammation and promoting organ repair. However, limitations in available techniques to track them and assess this …             Dynamic modeling of uteroplacental blood flow in IUGR indicates vortices and elevated pressure in the intervillous space – a pilot study ▶     Christian J. Roth, Eva Haeussner, Tanja Ruebelmann et al.     Ischemic placental disease is a concept that links intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and preeclampsia (PE) back to insufficient remodeling of uterine spiral arteries. The …             Development of patient-specific phantoms for verification of stereotactic body radiation therapy planning in patients with metallic screw fixation ▶     Dongryul Oh, Chae-Seon Hong, Sang Gyu Ju et al.     A new technique for manufacturing a patient-specific dosimetric phantom using three-dimensional printing (PSDP_3DP) was developed, and its geometrical and dosimetric accuracy was …             Chelerythrine down regulates expression of VEGFA, BCL2 and KRAS by arresting G-Quadruplex structures at their promoter regions ▶     Jagannath Jana, Soma Mondal, Payel Bhattacharjee et al.     A putative anticancer plant alkaloid, Chelerythrine binds to G-quadruplexes at promoters of VEGFA, BCL2 and KRAS genes and down regulates their expression. The association of …             Wafer-scale Thermodynamically Stable GaN Nanorods via Two-Step Self-Limiting Epitaxy for Optoelectronic Applications ▶     Hyun Kum, Han-Kyu Seong, Wantae Lim et al.     We present a method of epitaxially growing thermodynamically stable gallium nitride (GaN) nanorods via metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) by invoking a two-step …             Intrinsic Defects and H Doping in WO3 ▶     Jiajie Zhu, Maria Vasilopoulou, Dimitris Davazoglou et al.     WO3 is widely used as industrial catalyst. Intrinsic and/or extrinsic defects can tune the electronic properties and extend applications to gas sensors and optoelectonics. …             Wearable Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Fabrics Produced by Knitting Flexible Wire Electrodes for the Decontamination of Chemical Warfare Agents ▶     Heesoo Jung, Jin Ah Seo, Seungki Choi     One of the key reasons for the limited use of atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) is its inability to treat non-flat, three-dimensional (3D) surface structures, such as electronic …             Carbon elimination from silicon kerf: Thermogravimetric analysis and mechanistic considerations ▶     Miguel Vazquez-Pufleau, Tandeep S. Chadha, Gregory Yablonsky et al.     40% of ultrapure silicon is lost as kerf during slicing to produce wafers. Kerf is currently not being recycled due to engineering challenges and costs associated with removing …             Electrocatalytic activity of lithium polysulfides adsorbed into porous TiO2 coated MWCNTs hybrid structure for lithium-sulfur batteries ▶     Xiulin He, Huijie Hou, Xiqing Yuan et al.     Lithium-sulfur batteries have attracted great attention because of their high energy density, environmental friendliness, natural abundance and intrinsically low cost of sulfur. …             Remote cooling by a novel thermal lens with anisotropic positive thermal conductivity ▶     Fei Sun, Sailing He     A novel thermal lens that can achieve a remote cooling effect is designed by transformation thermodynamics. The effective distance between the separate hot source and cold source …             New hydrate formation methods in a liquid-gas medium ▶     A. A. Chernov, A. A. Pil’nik, D. S. Elistratov et al.     Conceptually new methods of hydrate formation are proposed. The first one is based on the shock wave impact on a water-bubble medium. It is shown that the hydrate formation rate …             Solving Large-Scale Inverse Magnetostatic Problems using the Adjoint Method ▶     Florian Bruckner, Claas Abert, Gregor Wautischer et al.     An efficient algorithm for the reconstruction of the magnetization state within magnetic components is presented. The occurring inverse magnetostatic problem is solved by means …             Inferring Centrality from Network Snapshots ▶     Haibin Shao, Mehran Mesbahi, Dewei Li et al.     The topology and dynamics of a complex network shape its functionality. However, the topologies of many large-scale networks are either unavailable or incomplete. Without the …             Unsaturated lipid bodies as a hallmark of inflammation studied by Raman 2D and 3D microscopy ▶     K. Czamara, K. Majzner, A. Selmi et al.     Endothelial HMEC-1 cells incubated with pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α for 6 and 24 hours were studied as a model of inflammation using Raman imaging. Striking changes in …             Correlated electronic decay in expanding clusters triggered by intense XUV pulses from a Free-Electron-Laser ▶     Tim Oelze, Bernd Schütte, Maria Müller et al.     Irradiation of nanoscale clusters and large molecules with intense laser pulses transforms them into highly-excited non- equilibrium states. The dynamics of intense laser-cluster …             Controllable Synthesis of TiO2@Fe2O3 Core-Shell Nanotube Arrays with Double-Wall Coating as Superb Lithium-Ion Battery Anodes ▶     Yan Zhong, Yifan Ma, Qiubo Guo et al.     Highlighted by the safe operation and stable performances, titanium oxides (TiO2) are deemed as promising candidates for next generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, …             Tunable diffraction-free array in nonlinear photonic crystal ▶     Dongmei Liu, Dunzhao Wei, Yong Zhang et al.     Diffraction-free beams have attracted increasing research interests because of their unique performances and broad applications in various fields. Although many methods have been …             Reduced graphene oxide as a stable and high-capacity cathode material for Na-ion batteries ▶     Ghulam Ali, Asad Mehmood, Heung Yong Ha et al.     We report the feasibility of using reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as a cost-effective and high performance cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Graphene oxide is …             Direct Observation of the Layer-by-Layer Growth of ZnO Nanopillar by In situ High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy ▶     Xing Li, Shaobo Cheng, Shiqing Deng et al.     Catalyst-free methods are important for the fabrication of pure nanowires (NWs). However, the growth mechanism remains elusive due to the lack of crucial information on the …             Dispersion of nonresonant third-order nonlinearities in Silicon Carbide ▶     Francesco De Leonardis, Richard A. Soref, Vittorio M. N. Passaro     In this paper we present a physical discussion of the indirect two-photon absorption (TPA) occuring in silicon carbide with either cubic or wurtzite structure. Phonon-electron …             Crystal growth of Dirac semimetal ZrSiS with high magnetoresistance and mobility ▶     Raman Sankar, G. Peramaiyan, I. Panneer Muthuselvam et al.     High quality single crystal ZrSiS as a theoretically predicted Dirac semimetal has been grown successfully using a vapor phase transport method. The single crystals of tetragonal …             Tailoring femtosecond 1.5-μm Bessel beams for manufacturing high-aspect-ratio through-silicon vias ▶     Fei He, Junjie Yu, Yuanxin Tan et al.     Three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D ICs) are an attractive replacement for conventional 2D ICs as high-performance, low-power-consumption, and small-footprint …             Be12O12 Nano-cage as a Promising Catalyst for CO2 Hydrogenation ▶     Haiyan Zhu, Yawei Li, Guizhi Zhu et al.     An efficient conversion of CO2 into valuable fuels and chemicals has been hotly pursued recently. Here, for the first time, we have explored a series of M12x12 nano-cages (M = B, …             Metal-Insulator Transition of strained SmNiO3 Thin Films: Structural, Electrical and Optical Properties ▶     B. Torriss, J. Margot, M. Chaker     Samarium nickelate (SmNiO3) thin films were successfully synthesized on LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 substrates using pulsed-laser deposition. The Mott metal-insulator (MI) transition of …             Unidirectional invisibility induced by parity-time symmetric circuit ▶     Bo Lv, Jiahui Fu, Bian Wu et al.     Parity-time (PT) symmetric structures present the unidirectional invisibility at the spontaneous PT-symmetry breaking point. In this paper, we propose a PT-symmetric circuit …             Enhancing dielectric permittivity for energy-storage devices through tricritical phenomenon ▶     Jinghui Gao, Yan Wang, Yongbin Liu et al.     Although dielectric energy-storing devices are frequently used in high voltage level, the fast growing on the portable and wearable electronics have been increasing the demand on …             Chemical bonding in aqueous hexacyano cobaltate from photon- and electron-detection perspectives ▶     Sreeju Sreekantan Nair Lalithambika, Kaan Atak, Robert Seidel et al.     The electronic structure of the [Co(CN)6]3− complex dissolved in water is studied using X-ray spectroscopy techniques. By combining electron and photon detection methods from the …             Flexible and Wavelength-Selective MoS2 Phototransistors with Monolithically Integrated Transmission Color Filters ▶     Geonwook Yoo, Sol Lea Choi, Sang Jin Park et al.     Color-selective or wavelength-tunable capability is a crucial feature for two-dimensional (2-D) semiconducting material-based image sensor applications. Here, we report on …             Metallurgical investigation on fourth century BCE silver jewellery of two hoards from Samaria ▶     D. Ashkenazi, H. Gitler, A. Stern et al.     A fourth century BCE silver jewellery collection, which is part of two hoards of Samarian coins (the Samaria and Nablus Hoards), was studied by non-destructive analyses. The …             Fiber-Laser-Based Ultrasound Sensor for Photoacoustic Imaging ▶     Yizhi Liang, Long Jin, Lidai Wang et al.     Photoacoustic imaging, especially for intravascular and endoscopic applications, requires ultrasound probes with miniature size and high sensitivity. In this paper, we present a …             Novel synthesis of ZnO/PMMA nanocomposites for photocatalytic applications ▶     Alessandro Di Mauro, Maria Cantarella, Giuseppe Nicotra et al.     The incorporation of nanostructured photocatalysts in polymers is a strategic way to obtain novel water purification systems. This approach takes the advantages of: (1) the …             High Efficiency Hydrodynamic DNA Fragmentation in a Bubbling System ▶     Lanhui Li, Mingliang Jin, Chenglong Sun et al.     DNA fragmentation down to a precise fragment size is important for biomedical applications, disease determination, gene therapy and shotgun sequencing. In this work, a cheap, …             Enhanced removal of As (V) from aqueous solution using modified hydrous ferric oxide nanoparticles ▶     Lijuan Huo, Xibai Zeng, Shiming Su et al.     Hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) is most effective with high treatment capacity on arsenate [As(V)] sorption although its transformation and aggregation nature need further …             Nanoscale measurement of trace element distributions in Spartina alterniflora root tissue during dormancy ▶     Huan Feng, Yu Qian, J. Kirk Cochran et al.     This paper reports a nanometer-scale investigation of trace element (As, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, S and Zn) distributions in the root system Spartina alterniflora during dormancy. …             An extended N-H bond, driven by a conserved second-order interaction, orients the flavin N5 orbital in cholesterol oxidase ▶     Emily Golden, Li-Juan Yu, Flora Meilleur et al.     The protein microenvironment surrounding the flavin cofactor in flavoenzymes is key to the efficiency and diversity of reactions catalysed by this class of enzymes. X-ray …             Stochastic evolution in populations of ideas ▶     Robin Nicole, Peter Sollich, Tobias Galla     It is known that learning of players who interact in a repeated game can be interpreted as an evolutionary process in a population of ideas. These analogies have so far mostly …             Optogenetic Modulation of Urinary Bladder Contraction for Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction ▶     Jae Hong Park, Jin Ki Hong, Ja Yun Jang et al.     As current clinical approaches for lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction such as pharmacological and electrical stimulation treatments lack target specificity, thus resulting in …             Hydrogen reduction of molybdenum oxide at room temperature ▶     Andreas Borgschulte, Olga Sambalova, Renaud Delmelle et al.     The color changes in chemo- and photochromic MoO3 used in sensors and in organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells can be traced back to intercalated hydrogen atoms stemming either from …             Describing polyhedral tilings and higher dimensional polytopes by sequence of their two-dimensional components ▶     Kengo Nishio, Takehide Miyazaki     Polyhedral tilings are often used to represent structures such as atoms in materials, grains in crystals, foams, galaxies in the universe, etc. In the previous paper, we have …             Significantly enhanced creep resistance of low volume fraction in-situ TiBw/Ti6Al4V composites by architectured network reinforcements ▶     S. Wang, L. J. Huang, L. Geng et al.     We present a new class of TiBw/Ti6Al4V composites with a network reinforcement architecture that exhibits a significant creep resistance compared to monolithic Ti6Al4V alloys. …             Ab Initio Calculations of the N-N Bond Dissociation for the Gas-phase RDX and HMX ▶     Lin-lin Liu, Pei-jin Liu, Song-qi Hu et al.     NO2 fission is a vital factor for 1,3,5-Trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) decomposition. In this study, the …             Measuring Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) States of Vortex Beams with Annular Gratings ▶     Shuang Zheng, Jian Wang     Measuring orbital angular momentum (OAM) states of vortex beams is of great importance in diverse applications employing OAM-carrying vortex beams. We present a simple and …             Blue Laser Diode Enables Underwater Communication at 12.4 Gbps ▶     Tsai-Chen Wu, Yu-Chieh Chi, Huai-Yung Wang et al.     To enable high-speed underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) in tap-water and seawater environments over long distances, a 450-nm blue GaN laser diode (LD) directly …             A new type of two-dimensional carbon crystal prepared from 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene ▶     Qi-Shi Du, Pei-Duo Tang, Hua-Lin Huang et al.     A new two-dimensional (2D) carbon crystal, different from graphene, has been prepared from 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, consisting of 4-carbon and 6-carbon rings in 1:1 ratio, named …             Rich structure in the correlation matrix spectra in non-equilibrium steady states ▶     Soham Biswas, Francois Leyvraz, Paulino Monroy Castillero et al.     It has been shown that, if a model displays long-range (power-law) spatial correlations, its equal-time correlation matrix will also have a power law tail in the distribution of …             Development of interface-dominant bulk Cu/V nanolamellar composites by cross accumulative roll bonding ▶     L. F. Zeng, R. Gao, Z. M. Xie et al.     Traditional nanostructured metals are inherently comprised of a high density of high-energy interfaces that make this class of materials not stable in extreme conditions. …             Analytically determined topological phase diagram of the proximity-induced gap in diffusive n-terminal Josephson junctions ▶     Morten Amundsen, Jabir Ali Ouassou, Jacob Linder     Multiterminal Josephson junctions have recently been proposed as a route to artificially mimic topological matter with the distinct advantage that its properties can be …             Cymbiola nobilis shell: Toughening mechanisms in a crossed-lamellar structure ▶     Hongmei Ji, Xiaowu Li, Daolun Chen     Natural structural materials with intricate hierarchical architectures over several length scales exhibit excellent combinations of strength and toughness. Here we report the …             Optimizing isothiocyanate formation during enzymatic glucosinolate breakdown by adjusting pH value, temperature and dilution in Brassica vegetables and Arabidopsis thaliana ▶     Franziska S. Hanschen, Rebecca Klopsch, Teresa Oliviero et al.     Consumption of glucosinolate-rich Brassicales vegetables is associated with a decreased risk of cancer with enzymatic hydrolysis of glucosinolates playing a key role. However, …             Interfacial structures and energetics of the strengthening precipitate phase in creep-resistant Mg-Nd-based alloys ▶     D. Choudhuri, R. Banerjee, S. G. Srinivasan     The extraordinary creep-resistance of Mg-Nd-based alloys can be correlated to the formation of nanoscale-platelets of β1-Mg3Nd precipitates, that grow along 〈110〉Mg in bulk hcp…             Quantitative separation of the anisotropic magnetothermopower and planar Nernst effect by the rotation of an in-plane thermal gradient ▶     Oliver Reimer, Daniel Meier, Michel Bovender et al.     A thermal gradient as the driving force for spin currents plays a key role in spin caloritronics. In this field the spin Seebeck effect (SSE) is of major interest and was …             Data mining of molecular dynamics data reveals Li diffusion characteristics in garnet Li7La3Zr2O12 ▶     Chi Chen, Ziheng Lu, Francesco Ciucci     Understanding Li diffusion in solid conductors is essential for the next generation Li batteries. Here we show that density-based clustering of the trajectories computed using …             Lifetime prediction for organic coating under alternating hydrostatic pressure by artificial neural network ▶     Wenliang Tian, Fandi Meng, Li Liu et al.     A concept for prediction of organic coatings, based on the alternating hydrostatic pressure (AHP) accelerated tests, has been presented. An AHP accelerated test with different …             Relaxation dynamics in the strong chalcogenide glass-former of Ge22Se78 ▶     Pengfei Li, Yaqi Zhang, Zeming Chen et al.     The enthalpy relaxation is performed in the glassy Ge22Se78 to understand the dynamic behaviors. The structure of the glass is examined by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra. …             The usefulness of CorvisST Tonometry and the Ocular Response Analyzer to assess the progression of glaucoma ▶     Masato Matsuura, Kazunori Hirasawa, Hiroshi Murata et al.     Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (CST) and Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) measurements were carried out in 105 eyes of 69 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. …             Specific and Sensitive Isothermal Electrochemical Biosensor for Plant Pathogen DNA Detection with Colloidal Gold Nanoparticles as Probes ▶     Han Yih Lau, Haoqi Wu, Eugene J. H. Wee et al.     Developing quick and sensitive molecular diagnostics for plant pathogen detection is challenging. Herein, a nanoparticle based electrochemical biosensor was developed for rapid …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Amplification of the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation associated with the onset of the industrial-era warming ▶     G. W. K. Moore, J. Halfar, H. Majeed et al.     North Atlantic sea surface temperatures experience variability with a periodicity of 60–80 years that is known as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). It has a profound …             Biocapacity optimization in regional planning ▶     Jianjun Guo, Dongxia Yue, Kai Li et al.     Ecological overshoot has been accelerating across the globe. Optimizing biocapacity has become a key to resolve the overshoot of ecological demand in regional sustainable …             Resource footprints and their ecosystem consequences ▶     Francesca Verones, Daniel Moran, Konstantin Stadler et al.     A meaningful environmental impact analysis should go beyond the accounting of pressures from resource use and actually assess how resource demand affects ecosystems. The various …             Crude venom from nematocysts of Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) elicits a sodium conductance in the plasma membrane of mammalian cells ▶     Rossana Morabito, Roberta Costa, Valentina Rizzo et al.     Cnidarians may negatively impact human activities and public health but concomitantly their venom represents a rich source of bioactive substances. Pelagia noctiluca is the most …             Simulating the hydrologic cycle in coal mining subsidence areas with a distributed hydrologic model ▶     Jianhua Wang, Chuiyu Lu, Qingyan Sun et al.     Large-scale ground subsidence caused by coal mining and subsequent water-filling leads to serious environmental problems and economic losses, especially in plains with a high …             Mercury enrichment indicates volcanic triggering of Valanginian environmental change ▶     Guillaume Charbonnier, Chloé Morales, Stéphanie Duchamp-Alphonse et al.     The Valanginian stage (Early Cretaceous) includes an episode of significant environmental changes, which are well defined by a positive δ13C excursion. This globally recorded …             Insecticidal toxicities of carvacrol and thymol derived from Thymus vulgaris Lin. against Pochazia shantungensis Chou & Lu., newly recorded pest ▶     Jun-Hwan Park, Ye-Jin Jeon, Chi-Hoon Lee et al.     The insecticidal toxicities of five essential oils against Pochazia shantungensis adults and nymphs, newly recorded pests, were evaluated. The LC50 values of Thymus vulgaris, …             Efficient visible light-induced degradation of rhodamine B by W(NxS1−x)2 nanoflowers ▶     Peitao Liu, Jingyan Zhang, Daqiang Gao et al.     Here, W(NxS1−x)2 nanoflowers were fabricated by simple sintering process. Photocatalytic activity results indicated our fabricated N-doped WS2 nanoflowers shown outstanding …             Key sources and seasonal dynamics of greenhouse gas fluxes from yak grazing systems on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ▶     Yang Liu, Caiyu Yan, Cory Matthew et al.     Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from livestock grazing systems are contributing to global warming. To examine the influence of yak grazing systems on GHG fluxes and relationships …             Wells provide a distorted view of life in the aquifer: implications for sampling, monitoring and assessment of groundwater ecosystems ▶     Kathryn Korbel, Anthony Chariton, Sarah Stephenson et al.     When compared to surface ecosystems, groundwater sampling has unique constraints, including limited access to ecosystems through wells. In order to monitor groundwater, a …             Bacterial endophyte communities of three agricultural important grass species differ in their response towards management regimes ▶     Franziska Wemheuer, Kristin Kaiser, Petr Karlovsky et al.     Endophytic bacteria are critical for plant growth and health. However, compositional and functional responses of bacterial endophyte communities towards agricultural practices …             Improvement in the biochemical and chemical properties of badland soils by thorny bamboo ▶     Yo-Jin Shiau, Hsueh-Ching Wang, Tsai-Huei Chen et al.     Badland soils—which have high silt and clay contents, bulk density, and soil electric conductivity— cover a large area of Southern Taiwan. This study evaluated the amelioration …             Leads in Arctic pack ice enable early phytoplankton blooms below snow-covered sea ice ▶     Philipp Assmy, Mar Fernández-Méndez, Pedro Duarte et al.     The Arctic icescape is rapidly transforming from a thicker multiyear ice cover to a thinner and largely seasonal first-year ice cover with significant consequences for Arctic …             Ocean warming and acidification synergistically increase coral mortality ▶     F. Prada, E. Caroselli, S. Mengoli et al.     Organisms that accumulate calcium carbonate structures are particularly vulnerable to ocean warming (OW) and ocean acidification (OA), potentially reducing the socioeconomic …             Electrolytic ammonia removal and current efficiency by a vermiculite-packed electrochemical reactor ▶     Liang Li, Ji Yao, Xueyou Fang et al.     The ammonia removal as well as the current efficiency during electrolysis was investigated by using a vermiculite-packed electrochemical reactor under continuous mode. …             Wind Wave Behavior in Fetch and Depth Limited Estuaries ▶     Arash Karimpour, Qin Chen, Robert R. Twilley     Wetland dominated estuaries serve as one of the most productive natural ecosystems through their ecological, economic and cultural services, such as nursery grounds for …             The impacts of air pollution on maternal stress during pregnancy ▶     Yanfen Lin, Leilei Zhou, Jian Xu et al.     To investigate the association of air pollution with maternal stress during pregnancy, we enrolled 1,931 women during mid-to-late pregnancy in Shanghai in 2010. The “Life-Event …             Global mapping of nonseismic sea level oscillations at tsunami timescales ▶     Ivica Vilibić, Jadranka Šepić     Present investigations of sea level extremes are based on hourly data measured at coastal tide gauges. The use of hourly data restricts existing global and regional analyses to …             An aposymbiotic primary coral polyp counteracts acidification by active pH regulation ▶     Yoshikazu Ohno, Akira Iguchi, Chuya Shinzato et al.     Corals build their skeletons using extracellular calcifying fluid located in the tissue–skeleton interface. However, the mechanism by which corals control the transport of …             Hydrocarbons in phlogopite from Kasenyi kamafugitic rocks (SW Uganda): cross-correlated AFM, confocal microscopy and Raman imaging ▶     Daniele Moro, Giovanni Valdrè, Ernesto Mesto et al.     This study presents a cross-correlated surface and near surface investigation of two phlogopite polytypes from Kasenyi kamafugitic rocks (SW Uganda) by means of advanced Atomic …             Climate change influences on crop mix shifts in the United States ▶     Sung Ju Cho, Bruce A. McCarl     We examine the impact of current and future climate on crop mixes over space in the US. We find using historical data that temperature and precipitation are among the causal …             Using 13C isotopes to explore denitrification-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation in a paddy-peatland ▶     Yao Shi, Zhongqiang Wang, Chunguang He et al.     Peatlands are organic-matter-rich but nitrogen-limited natural systems, the carbon/nitrogen (C/N) status of which are subject to increasing exposure from long-term nitrate (NO3−) …             An extraordinary palaeontinid from the Triassic of Korea and its significance ▶     Kye Soo Nam, Ying Wang, Dong Ren et al.     A new, extraordinary palaeontinid Hallakkungis amisanus Nam, Wang & Szwedo, gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Triassic of the Amisan Formation in Boryeong City, Korea is …             Deep-sea crustacean trawling fisheries in Portugal: quantification of effort and assessment of landings per unit effort using a Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) ▶     Juan Bueno-Pardo, Sofia P. Ramalho, Ana García-Alegre et al.     Mapping and quantifying bottom trawling fishing pressure on the seafloor is pivotal to understand its effects on deep-sea benthic habitats. Using data from the Vessel Monitoring …             Enhanced removal of As (V) from aqueous solution using modified hydrous ferric oxide nanoparticles ▶     Lijuan Huo, Xibai Zeng, Shiming Su et al.     Hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) is most effective with high treatment capacity on arsenate [As(V)] sorption although its transformation and aggregation nature need further …             Novel synthesis of ZnO/PMMA nanocomposites for photocatalytic applications ▶     Alessandro Di Mauro, Maria Cantarella, Giuseppe Nicotra et al.     The incorporation of nanostructured photocatalysts in polymers is a strategic way to obtain novel water purification systems. This approach takes the advantages of: (1) the …             Nanoscale measurement of trace element distributions in Spartina alterniflora root tissue during dormancy ▶     Huan Feng, Yu Qian, J. Kirk Cochran et al.     This paper reports a nanometer-scale investigation of trace element (As, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, S and Zn) distributions in the root system Spartina alterniflora during dormancy. …             Silicon availability modifies nutrient use efficiency and content, C:N:P stoichiometry, and productivity of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) ▶     Silke Neu, Jörg Schaller, E. Gert Dudel     Silicon (Si) is known as beneficial element for graminaceous plants. The importance of Si for plant functioning of cereals was recently emphasized. However, about the effect of …             Does a Strong El Niño Imply a Higher Predictability of Extreme Drought? ▶     Shanshan Wang, Xing Yuan, Yaohui Li     The devastating North China drought in the summer of 2015 was roughly captured by a dynamical seasonal climate forecast model with a good prediction of the 2015/16 big El Niño. …             Methane Emissions and Microbial Communities as Influenced by Dual Cropping of Azolla along with Early Rice ▶     Jingna Liu, Heshui Xu, Ying Jiang et al.     Azolla caroliniana Willd. is widely used as a green manure accompanying rice, but its ecological importance remains unclear, except for its ability to fix nitrogen in association …             Six Years in the Life of a Mother Bear - The Longest Continuous Heart Rate Recordings from a Free-Ranging Mammal ▶     Timothy G. Laske, Paul A. Iaizzo, David L. Garshelis     Physiological monitoring of free-ranging wild animals is providing new insights into their adaptations to a changing environment. American black bears (Ursus americanus) are …             Diversity and carbon storage across the tropical forest biome ▶     Martin J. P. Sullivan, Joey Talbot, Simon L. Lewis et al.     Tropical forests are global centres of biodiversity and carbon storage. Many tropical countries aspire to protect forest to fulfil biodiversity and climate mitigation policy …             Unraveling the microbial processes of black band disease in corals through integrated genomics ▶     Yui Sato, Edmund Y. S. Ling, Dmitrij Turaev et al.     Coral disease outbreaks contribute to the ongoing degradation of reef ecosystems, however, microbial mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of most coral diseases are …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Serum vitamin D, intact parathyroid hormone, and Fetuin A concentrations were associated with geriatric sarcopenia and cardiac hypertrophy ▶     Wei-Ting Chang, Chih-Hsing Wu, Ling-Wei Hsu et al.     With aging, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) increases. It plays a crucial role in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Also, 25-hydroxy vitamin D (Vit-D) and iPTH have been …             Reduction of hepatic fibrosis by overexpression of von Hippel–Lindau protein in experimental models of chronic liver disease ▶     Jizhou Wang, Zhaoyang Lu, Zhilin Xu et al.     Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α play an important role in liver fibrosis. von Hippel–Lindau protein (VHL), a key mediator of HIF-α, regulates fibrosis in an organ- …             Cholesterol Synthetase DHCR24 Induced by Insulin Aggravates Cancer Invasion and Progesterone Resistance in Endometrial Carcinoma ▶     Miao Dai, Xiao-Lu Zhu, Fei Liu et al.     3β-Hydroxysteroid-Δ24 reductase (DHCR24), the final enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, has been associated with urogenital neoplasms. However, the function of DHCR24 …             Serum levels of galectin-1, galectin-3, and galectin-9 are associated with large artery atherosclerotic stroke ▶     Xin-Wei He, Wei-Ling Li, Cai Li et al.     The aim of this study was to assess the expression patterns of serum galectin-1 (Gal-1), galectin-3 (Gal-3), galectin-9 (Gal-9), and galectin-3 binding protein (Gal-3BP) and …             A clinical study of thermal monitoring techniques of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk locations ▶     Han Zhi-yu, Liang Ping, Yu Xiao-ling et al.     To confirm the safety and effectiveness of the minimally invasive thermal monitor technique on percutaneous ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) for hepatocellular …             Predictive value of serum cystatin C for acute kidney injury in adults: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort trials ▶     Zhenzhu Yong, Xiaohua Pei, Bei Zhu et al.     The role of serum cystatin C (Scys) for the detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been fully discussed. This meta-analysis was aimed to investigate the overall …             The natural retinoprotectant chrysophanol attenuated photoreceptor cell apoptosis in an N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mouse model of retinal degenaration ▶     Fan-Li Lin, Cheng-Hui Lin, Jau-Der Ho et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited photoreceptor-degenerative disease, and neuronal degeneration in RP is exacerbated by glial activation. Cassia seed (Jue-ming-zi) is a …             Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of developing cognitive disorders: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies ▶     Lei Wu, Dali Sun     Recent articles have presented inconsistent findings on the impact of Mediterranean diet in the occurrence of cognitive disorders; therefore, we performed an updated systematic …             Structure-based modelling of hemocyanin allergenicity in squid and its response to high hydrostatic pressure ▶     Yifeng Zhang, Yun Deng, Yanyun Zhao     The secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures of squid hemocyanin (Hc) were characterised, and the relationship between Hc structure and allergenicity responses to high …             Improvement of hemodynamic performance using novel helical flow vena cava filter design ▶     Ying Chen, Peng Zhang, Xiaoyan Deng et al.     We propose a vena cava filter in which helical flow is created in the filter’s working zone to minimize filter blockage by trapped clots and facilitate the lysis of trapped …             Visual Responses of Photoreceptor-Degenerated Rats Expressing Two Different Types of Channelrhodopsin Genes ▶     Masatoshi Sato, Eriko Sugano, Kitako Tabata et al.     Optogenetic technologies are expected to be applicable for clinical use in restoring vision. However, the degree of recovered visual function is highly dependent on the function …             Decreased expression of pseudogene PTENP1 promotes malignant behaviours and is associated with the poor survival of patients with HNSCC ▶     Jiannan Liu, Yue Xing, Liqun Xu et al.     PTENP1, a pseudogene of PTEN, was previously reported to be a tumour suppressor in some cancer types. However, there was no evidence for the biological function and expression of …             Color-coded visualization of magnetic resonance imaging multiparametric maps ▶     Jakob Nikolas Kather, Anja Weidner, Ulrike Attenberger et al.     Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) data are emergingly used in the clinic e.g. for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. In contrast to conventional MR imaging data, …             Evidence for Intramolecular Antiparallel Beta-Sheet Structure in Alpha-Synuclein Fibrils from a Combination of Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy ▶     Steven J. Roeters, Aditya Iyer, Galja Pletikapić et al.     The aggregation of the intrinsically disordered protein alpha-synuclein (αS) into amyloid fibrils is thought to play a central role in the pathology of Parkinson’s disease. Using …             Enhanced intracellular delivery and antibacterial efficacy of enrofloxacin-loaded docosanoic acid solid lipid nanoparticles against intracellular Salmonella ▶     Shuyu Xie, Fei Yang, Yanfei Tao et al.     Enrofloxacin-loaded docosanoic acid solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with different physicochemical properties were developed to enhance activity against intracellular Salmonella…             An altered endometrial CD8 tissue resident memory T cell population in recurrent miscarriage ▶     J. H. Southcombe, G. Mounce, K. McGee et al.     When trying to conceive 1% of couples have recurrent miscarriages, defined as three or more consecutive pregnancy losses. This is not accounted for by the known incidence of …             Potentially high-risk medication categories and unplanned hospitalizations: a case–time–control study ▶     Chih-Wan Lin, Yu-Wen Wen, Liang-Kung Chen et al.     Empirical data of medication-related hospitalization are very limited. We aimed to investigate the associations between 12 high risk medication categories (diabetic agents, …             Endothelia-Targeting Protection by Escin in Decompression Sickness Rats ▶     Kun Zhang, Zhongxin Jiang, Xiaowei Ning et al.     Endothelial dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of decompression sickness (DCS) and contributes substantively to subsequent inflammatory responses. Escin, the main active …             Novel Bioinformatics–Based Approach for Proteomic Biomarkers Prediction of Calpain-2 & Caspase-3 Protease Fragmentation: Application to βII-Spectrin Protein ▶     Atlal El-Assaad, Zaher Dawy, Georges Nemer et al.     The crucial biological role of proteases has been visible with the development of degradomics discipline involved in the determination of the proteases/substrates resulting in …             Chitosan functionalized nanocochleates for enhanced oral absorption of cyclosporine A ▶     Min Liu, Xiaoming Zhong, Zhiwen Yang     It remains a significant challenge to overcome the poor permeability of cyclosporine A and enhance its oral absorption. In this study, we have identified a positively charged …             ABO typing in experimental cynomolgus monkeys using non-invasive methods ▶     Xiaoxiao Wang, Song Chen, Gang Chen     ABH antigens are not expressed on the red blood cells of monkeys, making it difficult to accurately determine their blood type. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility, …             FSD-C10, a Fasudil derivative, promotes neuroregeneration through indirect and direct mechanisms ▶     Yan-Hua Li, Chong Xie, Yuan Zhang et al.     FSD-C10, a Fasudil derivative, was shown to reduce severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), through the modulation …             Developmental Expression of 4-Repeat-Tau Induces Neuronal Aneuploidy in Drosophila Tauopathy Models ▶     Nicolas Malmanche, Pierre Dourlen, Marc Gistelinck et al.     Tau-mediated neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease and tauopathies is generally assumed to start in a normally developed brain. However, several lines of evidence suggest that …             The kinetochore-dependent and -independent formation of the CDC20-MAD2 complex and its functions in HeLa cells ▶     Jianquan Li, Nanmao Dang, Daniel James Wood et al.     The mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC) is formed from two sub-complexes of CDC20-MAD2 and BUBR1-BUB3, and current models suggest that it is generated exclusively by the …             Transaminase abnormalities and adaptations of the liver lobule manifest at specific cut-offs of steatosis ▶     Andrew Hall, Claudia Covelli, Roberta Manuguerra et al.     There is little documented evidence suggesting that liver fat is responsible for liver injury in the absence of other disease processes. We investigated the relationships between …             Visceral hyperalgesia caused by peptide YY deletion and Y2 receptor antagonism ▶     Ahmed M. Hassan, Piyush Jain, Raphaela Mayerhofer et al.     Altered levels of colonic peptide YY (PYY) have been reported in patients suffering from functional and inflammatory bowel disorders. While the involvement of neuropeptide Y …             Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Among Dabigatran Users – A Self Controlled Case Series Analysis ▶     Wenze Tang, Hsien-Yen Chang, Meijia Zhou et al.     This article aims to evaluate the real world risk of gastrointestinal bleeding among users naïve to dabigatran. We adopted a self-controlled case series design. We sampled 1215 …             Prediction of very late arrhythmia recurrence after radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: The MB-LATER clinical score ▶     Nebojša Mujović, Milan Marinković, Nebojša Marković et al.     Reliable prediction of very late recurrence of atrial fibrillation (VLRAF) occuring >12 months after catheter ablation (CA) in apparently “cured” patients could optimize …             Evaluation of Three Block Anesthesia Methods for Pain Management During Mandibular Third Molar Extraction: A Meta-analysis ▶     Fanyuan Yu, Yao Xiao, Hanghang Liu et al.     A patient’s pain during mandibular third molar extraction often creates problems for a dental surgeon and can also cause immense patient discomfort, such as decreased quality of …             Effects of climatic variables on weight loss: a global analysis ▶     Morena Ustulin, Changwon Keum, Junghoon Woo et al.     Several studies have analyzed the effects of weather on factors associated with weight loss. In this study, we directly analyzed the effect of weather on intentional weight loss …             Examining trends in family planning among harder-to-reach women in Senegal 1992–2014 ▶     Francesca L. Cavallaro, Lenka Benova, David Macleod et al.     Recent increases in family planning (FP) use have been reported among women of reproductive age in union (WRAU) in Senegal. However, trends have not been monitored among …             Long-term exposure to 835 MHz RF-EMF induces hyperactivity, autophagy and demyelination in the cortical neurons of mice ▶     Ju Hwan Kim, Da-Hyeon Yu, Yang Hoon Huh et al.     Radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) is used globally in conjunction with mobile communications. There are public concerns of the perceived deleterious biological …             Cold spells and ischaemic sudden cardiac death: effect modification by prior diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease and cardioprotective medication ▶     Niilo R. I. Ryti, Elina M. S. Mäkikyrö, Harri Antikainen et al.     Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading cause of death. The current paradigm in SCD requires the presence of an abnormal myocardial substrate and an internal or external …             Sham Electroacupuncture Methods in Randomized Controlled Trials ▶     Zi-xian Chen, Yan Li, Xiao-guang Zhang et al.     Sham electroacupuncture (EA) control is commonly used to evaluate the specific effects of EA in randomized-controlled trials (RCTs). However, establishing an inert and …             Small-window parametric imaging based on information entropy for ultrasound tissue characterization ▶     Po-Hsiang Tsui, Chin-Kuo Chen, Wen-Hung Kuo et al.     Constructing ultrasound statistical parametric images by using a sliding window is a widely adopted strategy for characterizing tissues. Deficiency in spatial resolution, the …             Food-grade TiO2 impairs intestinal and systemic immune homeostasis, initiates preneoplastic lesions and promotes aberrant crypt development in the rat colon ▶     Sarah Bettini, Elisa Boutet-Robinet, Christel Cartier et al.     Food-grade titanium dioxide (TiO2) containing a nanoscale particle fraction (TiO2-NPs) is approved as a white pigment (E171 in Europe) in common foodstuffs, including …             Altered motion repulsion in Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Yan Li, Shougang Guo, Yongxiang Wang et al.     Recent research in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) indicates that perceptual impairments may occur before the onset of cognitive declines, and can thus serve as an early noninvasive …             Broad-Range Antiviral Activity of Hydrogen Sulfide Against Highly Pathogenic RNA Viruses ▶     Nikolay Bazhanov, Olivier Escaffre, Alexander N. Freiberg et al.     Hydrogen sulfide is an important endogenous mediator that has been the focus of intense investigation in the past few years, leading to the discovery of its role in vasoactive, …             Application of 3D and 2D quantitative shear wave elastography (SWE) to differentiate between benign and malignant breast masses ▶     Jie Tian, Qianqi Liu, Xi Wang et al.     As breast cancer tissues are stiffer than normal tissues, shear wave elastography (SWE) can locally quantify tissue stiffness and provide histological information. Moreover, …             In vivo detection of cucurbit[6]uril, a hyperpolarized xenon contrast agent for a xenon magnetic resonance imaging biosensor ▶     Francis T. Hane, Tao Li, Peter Smylie et al.     The Hyperpolarized gas Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (HyperCEST) Magnetic Resonance (MR) technique has the potential to increase the sensitivity of a hyperpolarized …             Ameliorative effects of Compound K and ginsenoside Rh1 on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats ▶     Xu-Jia Chen, Wen-Jing Liu, Meng-Liang Wen et al.     Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disease, which has no standard treatment available. Panax notoginseng saponines (PNS) have recently been reported to …             Altered glucose and lipid homeostasis in liver and adipose tissue pre-dispose inducible NOS knockout mice to insulin resistance ▶     Babu Nageswararao Kanuri, Jitendra S. Kanshana, Sanjay C. Rebello et al.     On the basis of diet induced obesity and KO mice models, nitric oxide is implied to play an important role in the initiation of dyslipidemia induced insulin resistance. However, …             HIF-1α induction during reperfusion avoids maladaptive repair after renal ischemia/reperfusion involving miR127-3p ▶     Elisa Conde, Sara Giménez-Moyano, Laura Martín-Gómez et al.     Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) leads to Acute Kidney Injury. HIF-1α is a key factor during organ response to I/R. We previously demonstrated that HIF-1α is induced during renal …             The β-globin Replicator greatly enhances the potential of S/MAR based episomal vectors for gene transfer into human haematopoietic progenitor cells ▶     Eleana F. Stavrou, Vassileios M. Lazaris, Aristeidis Giannakopoulos et al.     Specific human chromosomal elements enhance the performance of episomal gene-transfer vectors. S/MAR-based episomal vector pEPI-eGFP transfects CD34+ haematopoietic cells, but …             Complete-genome sequencing elucidates outbreak dynamics of CA-MRSA USA300 (ST8-spa t008) in an academic hospital of Paramaribo, Republic of Suriname ▶     Artur J. Sabat, Sandra M. Hermelijn, Viktoria Akkerboom et al.     We report the investigation of an outbreak situation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that occurred at the Academic Hospital Paramaribo (AZP) in the Republic …             Early Secreted Antigenic Target of 6-kDa of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Stimulates IL-6 Production by Macrophages through Activation of STAT3 ▶     Bock-Gie Jung, Xisheng Wang, Na Yi et al.     As early secreted antigenic target of 6 kDa (ESAT-6) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an essential virulence factor and macrophages are critical for tuberculosis infection …             Development of an efficient screening system to identify novel bone metabolism-related genes using the exchangeable gene trap mutagenesis mouse models ▶     Syuji Kurogi, Tomohisa Sekimoto, Taro Funamoto et al.     Despite numerous genetic studies on bone metabolism, understanding of the specific mechanisms is lacking. We developed an efficient screening system to identify novel genes …             Endoplasmic Reticulum Oxidative Stress Triggers Tgf-Beta-Dependent Muscle Dysfunction by Accelerating Ascorbic Acid Turnover ▶     Diego Pozzer, Mariagrazia Favellato, Marco Bolis et al.     Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and oxidative stress are two related phenomena that have important metabolic consequences. As many skeletal muscle diseases are triggered by oxidative …             Asymmetric Waveforms Decrease Lethal Thresholds in High Frequency Irreversible Electroporation Therapies ▶     Michael B. Sano, Richard E. Fan, Lei Xing     Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a promising non-thermal treatment for inoperable tumors which uses short (50–100 μs) high voltage monopolar pulses to disrupt the membranes …             The prevalence of CTNNB1 mutations in primary aldosteronism and consequences for clinical outcomes ▶     Vin-Cent Wu, Shuo-Meng Wang, Shih-Chieh Jeff Chueh et al.     Constitutive activation of the Wnt pathway/β-catenin signaling may be important in aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). However, significant gaps remain in our understanding of …             Novel Bio-functional Magnesium Coating on Porous Ti6Al4V Orthopaedic Implants: In vitro and In vivo Study ▶     Xiaokang Li, Peng Gao, Peng Wan et al.     Titanium and its alloys with various porous structures are one of the most important metals used in orthopaedic implants due to favourable properties as replacement for hard …             Erratum: Longitudinal modeling of ultrasensitive and traditional prostate-specific antigen and prediction of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy ▶     Teemu D. Laajala, Heikki Seikkula, Fatemeh Seyednasrollah et al.                 Corrigendum: Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reversed Morphine Tolerance and Opioid-induced Hyperalgesia ▶     Zhen Hua, LiPing Liu, Jun Shen et al.                 Effectiveness and Tolerability of Different Recommended Doses of PPIs and H2RAs in GERD: Network Meta-Analysis and GRADE system ▶     Chao Zhang, Joey S. W. Kwong, Rui-Xia Yuan et al.     Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine-2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs) are used for gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD); however, the clinical evidence for treatment is …             Comparison of efficacy of simo decoction and acupuncture or chewing gum alone on postoperative ileus in colorectal cancer resection: a randomized trial ▶     Yang Yang, Hong-Qun Zuo, Zhao Li et al.     To compared the ability of chewing gum or simo decoction (SMD) and acupuncture to reduce incidence of postoperative ileus (POI) after colorectal cancer resection, patients with …             Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of wolfberry infusion ▶     Yujing Sun, Japaer Rukeya, Wenyang Tao et al.     An infusion of the wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.) is a traditional Asian herbal tea. This is the most commonly consumed form of dried wolfberry worldwide, yet little scientific …             Dynamic modeling of uteroplacental blood flow in IUGR indicates vortices and elevated pressure in the intervillous space – a pilot study ▶     Christian J. Roth, Eva Haeussner, Tanja Ruebelmann et al.     Ischemic placental disease is a concept that links intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and preeclampsia (PE) back to insufficient remodeling of uterine spiral arteries. The …             Investigating causality in associations between smoking initiation and schizophrenia using Mendelian randomization ▶     Suzanne H. Gage, Hannah J. Jones, Amy E. Taylor et al.     Smoking is strongly associated with schizophrenia. Although it has been widely assumed that this reflects self-medication, recent studies suggest that smoking may be a risk …             Erratum: MicroRNA-127 targeting of mitoNEET inhibits neurite outgrowth, induces cell apoptosis and contributes to physiological dysfunction after spinal cord transection ▶     Qin-Qin He, Liu-Lin Xiong, Fei Liu et al.                 Crotalus atrox venom preconditioning increases plasma fibrinogen and reduces perioperative hemorrhage in a rat model of surgical brain injury ▶     Cherine H. Kim, Devin W. McBride, Ronak Raval et al.     Perioperative bleeding is a potentially devastating complication in neurosurgical patients, and plasma fibrinogen concentration has been identified as a potential modifiable risk …             Evaluation of region selective bilirubin-induced brain damage as a basis for a pharmacological treatment ▶     Matteo Dal Ben, Cristina Bottin, Fabrizio Zanconati et al.     The neurologic manifestations of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in the central nervous system (CNS) exhibit high variations in the severity and appearance of motor, auditory and …             A signature of renal stress resistance induced by short-term dietary restriction, fasting, and protein restriction ▶     F. Jongbloed, T. C. Saat, M. Verweij et al.     During kidney transplantation, ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) induces oxidative stress. Short-term preoperative 30% dietary restriction (DR) and 3-day fasting protect against …             Aurora Kinase A is a Biomarker for Bladder Cancer Detection and Contributes to its Aggressive Behavior ▶     Aaron Mobley, Shizhen Zhang, Jolanta Bondaruk et al.     The effects of AURKA overexpression associated with poor clinical outcomes have been attributed to increased cell cycle progression and the development of genomic instability …             Acetylcholine acts through M3 muscarinic receptor to activate the EGFR signaling and promotes gastric cancer cell proliferation ▶     Huangfei Yu, Hongwei Xia, Qiulin Tang et al.     Acetylcholine (ACh), known as a neurotransmitter, regulates the functions of numerous fundamental central and peripheral nervous system. Recently, emerging evidences indicate …             Tracking of Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Fluorescence Endomicroscopy Imaging in Radiotherapy-Induced Lung Injury ▶     Jessica R. Perez, Norma Ybarra, Frederic Chagnon et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have potential for reducing inflammation and promoting organ repair. However, limitations in available techniques to track them and assess this …             Antiproliferative and Apoptosis-inducing Effect of exo-Protoporphyrin IX based Sonodynamic Therapy on Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ▶     Yanhong Lv, Jinhua Zheng, Qi Zhou et al.     Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an innovative modality for cancer treatment. But the biological effect of SDT on oral squamous cell carcinoma has not been studied. Our previous …             PLIN2 is a Key Regulator of the Unfolded Protein Response and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Resolution in Pancreatic β Cells ▶     Elaine Chen, Tsung Huang Tsai, Lan Li et al.     Progressive pancreatic β cell failure underlies the transition of impaired glucose tolerance to overt diabetes; endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress expedites β cell failure in this …             Deep brain stimulation for myoclonus-dystonia syndrome with double mutations in DYT1 and DYT11 ▶     Jia-Wei Wang, Ji-Ping Li, Yun-Peng Wang et al.     Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome (MDS) is a rare autosomal dominant inherited disorder characterized by the presentation of both myoclonic jerks and dystonia. Evidence is emerging …             Temporal Topic Modeling to Assess Associations between News Trends and Infectious Disease Outbreaks ▶     Saurav Ghosh, Prithwish Chakraborty, Elaine O. Nsoesie et al.     In retrospective assessments, internet news reports have been shown to capture early reports of unknown infectious disease transmission prior to official laboratory confirmation. …             Qualitative and quantitative analysis with a novel shear wave speed imaging for differential diagnosis of breast lesions ▶     Yu-Ping Yang, Xiao-Hong Xu, Le-Hang Guo et al.     To evaluate the diagnostic performance of a new two-dimensional shear wave speed (SWS) imaging (i.e. Toshiba shear wave elastography, T-SWE) in differential diagnosis of breast …             New insights into fetal mammary gland morphogenesis: differential effects of natural and environmental estrogens ▶     Lucia Speroni, Maria Voutilainen, Marja L. Mikkola et al.     An increased breast cancer risk during adulthood has been linked to estrogen exposure during fetal life. However, the impossibility of removing estrogens from the feto-maternal …             Size-selective separation and overall-amplification of cell-free fetal DNA fragments using PCR-based enrichment ▶     Qiwei Yang, Zhenwu Du, Yang Song et al.     This study aimed to establish a method for the selective amplification of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal plasma and preserve the integrity of DNA fragments during …             A novel dominant GJB2 (DFNA3) mutation in a Chinese family ▶     Hongyang Wang, Kaiwen Wu, Lan Yu et al.     To decipher the phenotype and genotype of a Chinese family with autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing loss (ADNSHL) and a novel dominant missense mutation in the GJB2 gene …             Development of patient-specific phantoms for verification of stereotactic body radiation therapy planning in patients with metallic screw fixation ▶     Dongryul Oh, Chae-Seon Hong, Sang Gyu Ju et al.     A new technique for manufacturing a patient-specific dosimetric phantom using three-dimensional printing (PSDP_3DP) was developed, and its geometrical and dosimetric accuracy was …             Differential effects of phytotherapic preparations in the hSOD1 Drosophila melanogaster model of ALS ▶     Francescaelena De Rose, Roberto Marotta, Giuseppe Talani et al.     The present study was aimed at characterizing the effects of Withania somnifera (Wse) and Mucuna pruriens (Mpe) on a Drosophila melanogaster model for Amyotrophic Lateral …             Integrated molecular analysis reveals complex interactions between genomic and epigenomic alterations in esophageal adenocarcinomas ▶     DunFa Peng, Yan Guo, Heidi Chen et al.     The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is rapidly rising in the United States and Western countries. In this study, we carried out an integrative molecular analysis to …             Individualised multiplexed circulating tumour DNA assays for monitoring of tumour presence in patients after colorectal cancer surgery ▶     Sarah B. Ng, Clarinda Chua, Matthew Ng et al.     Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) has the potential to be a specific biomarker for the monitoring of tumours in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, our aim was to develop a …             HO-1 inhibits preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation at the onset of obesity via ROS dependent activation of Akt2 ▶     Gabriel Wagner, Josefine Lindroos-Christensen, Elisa Einwallner et al.     Excessive accumulation of white adipose tissue (WAT) is a hallmark of obesity. The expansion of WAT in obesity involves proliferation and differentiation of adipose precursors, …             Comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and its association with quality of life in patients with major depressive disorder ▶     Yongjie Zhou, Zhongqiang Cao, Mei Yang et al.     The comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is common and often predicts poorer outcomes than either disorder alone. This study …             Different Volumetric Measurement Methods for Pituitary Adenomas and Their Crucial Clinical Significance ▶     Chi-Cheng Chuang, Shinn-Yn Lin, Ping-Ching Pai et al.     Confirming the status of residual tumors is crucial. In stationary or spontaneous regression cases, early treatments are inappropriate. The long-used geometric calculation …             Combination of mometasone furoate and oxymetazoline for the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy concomitant with allergic rhinitis: A randomized controlled trial ▶     Wenlong Liu, Lifeng Zhou, Qingxiang Zeng et al.     In the clinic, approximately 30% of children with adenoid hypertrophy (AH) concomitant with allergic rhinitis (AR) report poor responses to intranasal steroids. To determine …             Molecular Characterization of Pediatric Restrictive Cardiomyopathy from Integrative Genomics ▶     Tara N. Rindler, Robert B. Hinton, Nathan Salomonis et al.     Pediatric restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a genetically heterogeneous heart disease with limited therapeutic options. RCM cases are largely idiopathic; however, even within …             Dantrolene versus amiodarone for cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a randomized, double-blinded experimental study ▶     Thomas Wiesmann, Dennik Freitag, Wolfgang Dersch et al.     Dantrolene was introduced for treatment of malignant hyperthermia. It also has antiarrhythmic properties and may thus be an alternative to amiodarone for the treatment of …             Clinical Roles of Lung Volumes Detected by Body Plethysmography and Helium Dilution in Asthmatic Patients: A Correlation and Diagnosis Analysis ▶     Jian Luo, Dan Liu, Guo Chen et al.     Roles of lung volumes in asthma remain controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lung volumes in differentiating asthma severity levels. Consecutive outpatients with …             A novel multi-target regression framework for time-series prediction of drug efficacy ▶     Haiqing Li, Wei Zhang, Ying Chen et al.     Excavating from small samples is a challenging pharmacokinetic problem, where statistical methods can be applied. Pharmacokinetic data is special due to the small samples of high …             Oligo-fucoidan prevents renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis by inhibiting the CD44 signal pathway ▶     Cheng-Hsien Chen, Yuh-Mou Sue, Chung-Yi Cheng et al.     Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is recognized as a key determinant of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD). Fucoidan, a sulphated polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweed, …             Nephro-toxic effects of intraperitoneally injected EGCG in diabetic mice: involvement of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis ▶     Nora O. Abdel Rasheed, Lamiaa A. Ahmed, Dalaal M. Abdallah et al.     Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been studied for its beneficial effects. However, some case reports have associated EGCG supplementation with hepato-toxicity. In the present …             Association of Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) Identified SNPs and Risk of Breast Cancer in an Indian Population ▶     Rajini Nagrani, Sharayu Mhatre, Preetha Rajaraman et al.     To date, no studies have investigated the association of the GWAS-identified SNPs with BC risk in Indian population. We investigated the association of 30 previously reported and …             Antibody Responses to Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Health Care Personnel Previously Vaccinated and Vaccinated for The First Time ▶     Kuan-Ying A. Huang, Shih-Cheng Chang, Yhu-Chering Huang et al.     Inactivated influenza vaccination induces a hemagglutinin-specific antibody response to the strain used for immunization. Annual vaccination is strongly recommended for health …             The role of miR-497-5p in myofibroblast differentiation of LR-MSCs and pulmonary fibrogenesis ▶     Xiang Chen, Chaowen Shi, Cong Wang et al.     Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and fatal fibrotic lung disease characterized by profound changes in stem cell differentiation, epithelial cell …             Targeting the PI3K/AKT pathway via GLI1 inhibition enhanced the drug sensitivity of acute myeloid leukemia cells ▶     Hui Liang, Qi-Li Zheng, Peng Fang et al.     Combination targeted therapy is commonly used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, particularly in refractory/relapse (RR) population. However, concerns have been …             Disrupting Hepatocyte Cyp51 from Cholesterol Synthesis Leads to Progressive Liver Injury in the Developing Mouse and Decreases RORC Signalling ▶     Žiga Urlep, Gregor Lorbek, Martina Perše et al.     Development of mice with hepatocyte knockout of lanosterol 14α-demethylase (HCyp51−/−) from cholesterol synthesis is characterized by the progressive onset of liver injury with …             The IL-17A rs2275913 single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with protection to tuberculosis but related to higher disease severity in Argentina ▶     A. Rolandelli, R. E. Hernández Del Pino, J. M. Pellegrini et al.     Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) causes nearly 10 millions of new tuberculosis disease cases annually. However, most individuals exposed to Mtb do not develop tuberculosis, …             Optical coherence tomography angiography microvascular findings in macular edema due to central and branch retinal vein occlusions ▶     Mastropasqua Rodolfo, Toto Lisa, Di Antonio Luca et al.     The aim of this study was to evaluate retinal and choriocapillaris vessel density using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in eyes with central retinal vein …             Novel G9 rotavirus strains co-circulate in children and pigs, Taiwan ▶     Fang-Tzy Wu, Krisztián Bányai, Baoming Jiang et al.     Molecular epidemiologic studies collecting information of the spatiotemporal distribution of rotavirus VP7 (G) and VP4 (P) genotypes have shown evidence for the increasing global …             IFN-γ regulates human dental pulp stem cells behavior via NF-κB and MAPK signaling ▶     Xinyao He, Wenkai Jiang, Zhirong Luo et al.     During caries, dental pulp expresses a range of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to the infectious challenge. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is a dimerized soluble cytokine, …             Dose-dependency and reversibility of radiation-induced injury in cardiac explant-derived cells of mice ▶     Lan Luo, Chen Yan, Yoshishige Urata et al.     We evaluated the dose-dependency and reversibility of radiation-induced injury in cardiac explant-derived cells (CDCs), a mixed cell population grown from heart tissues. Adult …             The impacts of air pollution on maternal stress during pregnancy ▶     Yanfen Lin, Leilei Zhou, Jian Xu et al.     To investigate the association of air pollution with maternal stress during pregnancy, we enrolled 1,931 women during mid-to-late pregnancy in Shanghai in 2010. The “Life-Event …             Optogenetic Modulation of Urinary Bladder Contraction for Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction ▶     Jae Hong Park, Jin Ki Hong, Ja Yun Jang et al.     As current clinical approaches for lower urinary tract (LUT) dysfunction such as pharmacological and electrical stimulation treatments lack target specificity, thus resulting in …             Combined LRRK2 mutation, aging and chronic low dose oral rotenone as a model of Parkinson’s disease ▶     Hui-Fang Liu, Philip Wing-Lok Ho, Gideon Chi-Ting Leung et al.     Aging, genetics and environmental toxicity are important etiological factors in Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, its pathogenesis remains unclear. A major obstacle is the lack …             The clinically approved antiviral drug sofosbuvir inhibits Zika virus replication ▶     Carolina Q. Sacramento, Gabrielle R. de Melo, Caroline S. de Freitas et al.     Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family, along with other agents of clinical significance such as dengue (DENV) and hepatitis C (HCV) viruses. Since ZIKV causes …             Epigenetic modifications at DMRs of placental genes are subjected to variations in normal gestation, pathological conditions and folate supplementation ▶     Beenish Rahat, Aatish Mahajan, Rashmi Bagga et al.     Invasive placentation and cancer development shares many similar molecular and epigenetic pathways. Paternally expressed, growth promoting genes (SNRPN, PEG10 and MEST) which are …             Relationship of hyposalivation and xerostomia in Mexican elderly with socioeconomic, sociodemographic and dental factors ▶     Horacio Islas-Granillo, Aida Borges-Yáñez, Miguel Ángel Fernández-Barrera et al.     We determined the prevalence of hyposalivation and xerostomia in older Mexicans (≥60 years), and its relationship with diverse factors. A cross-sectional study was realized in …             Somatostatin receptor expression on von Hippel-Lindau-associated hemangioblastomas offers novel therapeutic target ▶     Saman Sizdahkhani, Michael J. Feldman, Martin G. Piazza et al.     Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL)-associated hemangioblastomas (VHL-HB) arise in the central nervous system (CNS), and are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in VHL disease. …             Evidence of Microvascular Changes in the Retina following Kawasaki Disease ▶     Katherine Y. H. Chen, David P. Burgner, Tien Y. Wong et al.     It is unclear whether all children with Kawasaki disease (KD) have increased later cardiovascular risk. The retinal microvasculature reflects changes in the microcirculation and …             Californium-252 neutron intracavity brachytherapy alone for T1N0 low-lying rectal adenocarcinoma: A definitive anal sphincter-preserving radiotherapy ▶     Yanli Xiong, Jinlu Shan, Jia Liu et al.     This study evaluated the 4-year results of 32 patients with T1N0 low-lying rectal adenocarcinoma treated solely with californium-252 (Cf-252) neutron intracavity brachytherapy …             Genetic Polymorphisms of rs3077 and rs9277535 in HLA-DP associated with Systemic lupus erythematosus in a Chinese population ▶     Junlong Zhang, Wenli Zhan, Bin Yang et al.     Although the SLE risk gene loci of HLA-DR and HLA-DQ within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region has been gradually revealed by recent Genome-Wide Association …             The occurrence rate of acute-onset postoperative endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in Chinese small- and medium-scale departments of ophthalmology ▶     Yanan Zhu, Xinyi Chen, Peiqing Chen et al.     Endophthalmitis can be a devastating complication after cataract surgery. Therefore, this study sought to better understand the occurrence rate of acute-onset postoperative …             Peripheral arterial volume distensibility changes with applied external pressure: significant difference between arteries with different compliance ▶     Mengyan Chen, Aiqing Chen, Xiaoshui Si et al.     This study aimed to quantify the different effect of external cuff pressure on arterial volume distensibility between peripheral arteries with different compliance. 30 healthy …             The usefulness of CorvisST Tonometry and the Ocular Response Analyzer to assess the progression of glaucoma ▶     Masato Matsuura, Kazunori Hirasawa, Hiroshi Murata et al.     Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (CST) and Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) measurements were carried out in 105 eyes of 69 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. …             Persistent fibroblast growth factor 23 signalling in the parathyroid glands for secondary hyperparathyroidism in mice with chronic kidney disease ▶     Kazuki Kawakami, Ai Takeshita, Kenryo Furushima et al.     Secondary hyperparathyroidism, in which parathyroid hormone (PTH) is excessively secreted in response to factors such as hyperphosphataemia, hypocalcaemia, and low …             Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein Potentiates Toxic Lipids-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Macrophages via Inhibition of Janus Kinase 2-dependent Autophagy ▶     Ruby L. C. Hoo, Lingling Shu, Kenneth K. Y. Cheng et al.     Lipotoxicity is implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity-related inflammatory complications by promoting macrophage infiltration and activation. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) …             Inhibition of Influenza A Virus Infection by Fucoidan Targeting Viral Neuraminidase and Cellular EGFR Pathway ▶     Wei Wang, Jiandong Wu, Xiaoshuang Zhang et al.     Development of novel anti-influenza A virus (IAV) drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity is critical for preparedness against influenza outbreaks. Herein, we investigated …             Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling via GSK3 inhibitors direct differentiation of human adipose stem cells into functional hepatocytes ▶     Jieqiong Huang, Xinyue Guo, Weihong Li et al.     The generation of hepatocytes that are derived from human adipose stem cells (hASCs) represents an alternative to human hepatocytes for individualized therapeutic and …             B7-H3 participates in the development of Asthma by augmentation of the inflammatory response independent of TLR2 pathway ▶     Wenjing Gu, Xinxing Zhang, Yongdong Yan et al.     B7-H3, a new member of the B7 superfamily, acts as both a T cell costimulator and coinhibitor. Recent studies identified B7-H3 plays a critical role in the development of asthma. …             Urinary Exosomes Contain MicroRNAs Capable of Paracrine Modulation of Tubular Transporters in Kidney ▶     Tannia Gracia, Xiaonan Wang, Ya Su et al.     Exosomes derived from all nephron segments are present in human urine, where their functionality is incompletely understood. Most studies have focused on biomarker discovery …             The different expression of TRPM7 and MagT1 impacts on the proliferation of colon carcinoma cells sensitive or resistant to doxorubicin ▶     Alessandra Cazzaniga, Claudia Moscheni, Valentina Trapani et al.     The processes leading to anticancer drug resistance are not completely unraveled. To get insights into the underlying mechanisms, we compared colon carcinoma cells sensitive to …             Maternal diabetes modulates dental epithelial stem cells proliferation and self-renewal in offspring through apurinic/apyrimidinicendonuclease 1-mediated DNA methylation ▶     Guoqing Chen, Jie Chen, Zhiling Yan et al.     Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has many adverse effects on the development of offspring. Aberrant DNA methylation is a potential mechanism associated with these …             Sulfated Cyclocarya paliurus polysaccharides markedly attenuates inflammation and oxidative damage in lipopolysaccharide-treated macrophage cells and mice ▶     Zhijun Wang, Jianhua Xie, Yujiao Yang et al.     Natural polysaccharides and their modified derivatives are crucial supplements to the prevention of inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sulfated modification …             Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) represses MHC II transcription in macrophages by methylating CIITA ▶     Zhiwen Fan, Jianfei Li, Ping Li et al.     Efficient presentation of alien antigens triggers activation of T lymphocytes and robust host defense against invading pathogens. This pathophysiological process relies on the …             Remission of lymphoblastic leukaemia in an intravascular fluidic environment by pliable drug carrier with a sliding target ligand ▶     Donghyun Jang, Yeong Mi Lee, Jaehyun Lee et al.     A polyrotaxane-based nanoconstruct with pliable structure carrying a chemotherapeutic drug was developed for targeting circulating lymphoblastic leukaemia cells in a fluidic …             Early-life adversity accelerates cellular ageing and affects adult inflammation: Experimental evidence from the European starling ▶     Daniel Nettle, Clare Andrews, Sophie Reichert et al.     Early-life adversity is associated with accelerated cellular ageing during development and increased inflammation during adulthood. However, human studies can only establish …             Association of the Intestinal Microbiome with the Development of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration ▶     Martin S. Zinkernagel, Denise C. Zysset-Burri, Irene Keller et al.     Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most frequent cause of blindness in the elderly. There is evidence that nutrition, inflammation and genetic risk factors play an …             Fumarase activity: an in vivo and in vitro biomarker for acute kidney injury ▶     Per Mose Nielsen, Abubakr Eldirdiri, Lotte Bonde Bertelsen et al.     Renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is a leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI), and at present, there is a lack of reliable biomarkers that can diagnose AKI and measure …             MiR-124 inhibits the migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by suppressing integrin αV expression ▶     Qian Qian Cai, Yi Wei Dong, Rong Wang et al.     Tumor metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related death especially in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although microRNAs have been implicated in tumor development, the …             Electronegative LDL-mediated cardiac electrical remodeling in a rat model of chronic kidney disease ▶     An-Sheng Lee, Wei-Yu Chen, Hua-Chen Chan et al.     The mechanisms underlying chronic kidney disease (CKD)–associated higher risks for life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias remain poorly understood. In rats subjected to …             Massive Effect on LncRNAs in Human Monocytes During Fungal and Bacterial Infections and in Response to Vitamins A and D ▶     Konstantin Riege, Martin Hölzer, Tilman E. Klassert et al.     Mycoses induced by C.albicans or A.fumigatus can cause important host damage either by deficient or exaggerated immune response. Regulation of chemokine and cytokine signaling …             Differential Effects of Vitamins A and D on the Transcriptional Landscape of Human Monocytes during Infection ▶     Tilman E. Klassert, Julia Bräuer, Martin Hölzer et al.     Vitamin A and vitamin D are essential nutrients with a wide range of pleiotropic effects in humans. Beyond their well-documented roles in cellular differentiation, embryogenesis, …             High resolution structural evidence suggests the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum forms microdomains with Acidic Stores (lysosomes) in the heart ▶     Daniel Aston, Rebecca A. Capel, Kerrie L. Ford et al.     Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP) stimulates calcium release from acidic stores such as lysosomes and is a highly potent calcium-mobilising second messenger. …                 • Careers & Jobs           naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Helmholtz Young Investigator Group Leader     Helmholtz Association            Research Scientist     The George Washington University            Postdoctoral Fellow     University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio            Post-Doctoral Research Associate (Data Scientist)     The University of Manchester            Scientist x 2 - Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute     Cancer Research Technology (CRT)            Early researcher (PhD position) - Marie Curie Innovative Training Network (ITN)     KU Leuven, Stem Cell Institute             Head of Drug Discovery Unit     CRUK Manchester Research Institute            Research Bioinformatician     Karolinska Institutet (KI)            Associate Research Scientist     Columbia University            Postdoctoral Position-Transplant     Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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