EMBO reports Table of Contents for February 2017; Vol. 18, No. 2

February 2017 | Volume 18, Number 2 Submit Table of Contents Opinion Science & Society Scientific Reports Articles Volume 18, Number 2 Opinion More than ever, scientists need to engage with the public: the stakes are high and they may be for keeps The election of Donald Trump highlights the need for all scientists to actively engage in communicating with the public to fight a post‐truth environment that could have dire consequences for science. David Roy Smith Published online 28.12.2016 Science & Society Of mice and CRISPR: The post‐CRISPR future of the mouse as a model system for the human condition The mouse has been a major model system for biomedical research. Gene editing technologies will further increase its importance for studying the human condition and human diseases. Edison T Liu, Ewelina Bolcun‐Filas, David S Grass, Cathleen Lutz, Steve Murray, Lenny Shultz, and Nadia Rosenthal Published online 24.01.2017 Science, modernity, and the Muslim world: To improve scientific research in Muslim countries requires profound social and economic liberalization of their societies Scientific research in Muslim countries suffers not only from lack of investment or brainpower. It is also held back by religious dogma and a dismissal of economic and social liberalization. Wasim Maziak Published online 12.01.2017 Regulating phage therapy: The biological master file concept could help to overcome regulatory challenge of personalized medicines The clinical use of bacteriophages to treat bacterial infections faces regulatory difficulties in the EU. The ‘Biological Master File’ concept could overcome these hurdles for phage therapy as well as other personalized medicines. Alan Fauconnier Published online 12.01.2017 More science in urban development: Scientific evidence is crucial for managing health and infrastructures of megacities The rapid growth of cities and metropolises around the world puts enormous stress on urban infrastructure, public health and the environment. Scientific research and evidence are crucial for dealing with these problems and ensure sustainable urban growth. Philip Hunter Published online 23.01.2017 Scientific Reports The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF114 and TAB1 degradation are required for maternal‐to‐zygotic transition The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF114 promotes TAB1 ubiquitination and degradation, and both RNF114 and TAB1 downregulation are required for maternal‐to‐zygotic transition of mouse embryos. Ye Yang, Cheng Zhou, Ying Wang, Weixiao Liu, Chao Liu, Liying Wang, Yujiao Liu, Yongliang Shang, Mingrui Li, Shuai Zhou, Yuanting Wang, Wentao Zeng, Jianli Zhou, Ran Huo, and Wei Li Published online 10.01.2017 PRC1‐labeled microtubule bundles and kinetochore pairs show one‐to‐one association in metaphase In the metaphase spindle, most PRC1‐decorated overlap microtubule bundles are linked with a pair of sister kinetochores, acting as a bridge between k‐fibers. The number of PRC1‐decorated bundles per spindle correlates with the variable chromosome numbers in HeLa cells, indicating a one‐to‐one relationship. Bruno Polak, Patrik Risteski, Sonja Lesjak, and Iva M Tolić Published online 27.12.2016 Miro1‐dependent mitochondrial positioning drives the rescaling of presynaptic Ca2+ signals during homeostatic plasticity Miro1‐dependent relocalisation of mitochondria to the presynapse permits buffering of Ca2+ via the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) and attenuates vesicular release. This mechanism allows neurons to modulate synaptic Ca2+ signals in response to long‐term changes in network activity. Victoria Vaccaro, Michael J Devine, Nathalie F Higgs, and Josef T Kittler Published online 30.12.2016 Articles Nup358 binds to AGO proteins through its SUMO‐interacting motifs and promotes the association of target mRNA with miRISC The nucleoporin Nup358 promotes the association of target mRNA with miRISC possibly at specialized ER domains and at the nuclear envelope. The study also identifies SIM as a new interacting motif for AGO family proteins. Manas Ranjan Sahoo, Swati Gaikwad, Deepak Khuperkar, Maitreyi Ashok, Mary Helen, Santosh Kumar Yadav, Aditi Singh, Indrasen Magre, Prachi Deshmukh, Supriya Dhanvijay, Pabitra Kumar Sahoo, Yogendra Ramtirtha, Mallur Srivatsan Madhusudhan, Pananghat Gayathri, Vasudevan Seshadri, and Jomon Joseph Published online 30.12.2016 Architecture of the yeast Elongator complex The conserved Elongator complex specifically modifies tRNAs. An integrative modelling approach using data from negative‐stain EM and crosslinking mass spectrometry is used to obtain an architectural model of the fully assembled Elongator complex. Maria I Dauden, Jan Kosinski, Olga Kolaj‐Robin, Ambroise Desfosses, Alessandro Ori, Celine Faux, Niklas A Hoffmann, Osita F Onuma, Karin D Breunig, Martin Beck, Carsten Sachse, Bertrand Séraphin, Sebastian Glatt, and Christoph W Müller Published online 14.12.2016 Molecular architecture of the yeast Elongator complex reveals an unexpected asymmetric subunit arrangement The conserved Elongator complex specifically modifies tRNAs. Here, the molecular architecture and subunit organization of yeast holo‐Elongator are reported based on single‐particle EM and cross‐linking mass spectrometry. Dheva T Setiaputra, Derrick TH Cheng, Shan Lu, Jesse M Hansen, Udit Dalwadi, Cindy HY Lam, Jeffrey L To, Meng‐Qiu Dong, and Calvin K Yip Published online 21.11.2016 The NLR protein SUMM2 senses the disruption of an immune signaling MAP kinase cascade via CRCK3 Pathogen‐dependent disruption of the MEKK1‐MKK1/2‐MPK4 kinase cascade results in defence responses mediated by the NLR protein SUMM2. This study shows that SUMM2 senses this disruption via the MPK4 substrate CRCK3, which is also required for the SUMM2‐dependent autoimmune phenotypes in kinase cascade mutants. Zhibin Zhang, Yanan Liu, Hao Huang, Minghui Gao, Di Wu, Qing Kong, and Yuelin Zhang Published online 16.12.2016 Endoplasmic reticulum chaperone Gp96 controls actomyosin dynamics and protects against pore‐forming toxins Gp96 plays a role in actomyosin remodelling and coordination of plasma membrane blebbing triggered by pore‐forming toxins. This process protects membrane integrity and host survival during infection and has implications in cytoskeletal organization. Francisco Sarmento Mesquita, Cláudia Brito, Maria J Mazon Moya, Jorge Campos Pinheiro, Serge Mostowy, Didier Cabanes, and Sandra Sousa Published online 30.12.2016 Changing POU dimerization preferences converts Oct6 into a pluripotency inducer The pluripotency factor Oct4 and the neural factor Oct6 can be distinguished by their DNA‐dependent dimerization on palindromic DNA. This study shows that a single amino acid swap inverts these dimerization preferences and that a re‐engineered Oct6 is able to induce pluripotency. Stepan Jerabek, Calista KL Ng, Guangming Wu, Marcos J Arauzo‐Bravo, Kee‐Pyo Kim, Daniel Esch, Vikas Malik, Yanpu Chen, Sergiy Velychko, Caitlin M MacCarthy, Xiaoxiao Yang, Vlad Cojocaru, Hans R Schöler, and Ralf Jauch Published online 22.12.2016 HDAC2 promotes loss of primary cilia in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Loss of primary cilia is frequently observed in tumor cells. This study shows that histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) contributes to the suppression of primary cilia formation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells by controlling Aurora A levels in a Kras‐independent manner. Tetsuo Kobayashi, Kosuke Nakazono, Mio Tokuda, Yu Mashima, Brian David Dynlacht, and Hiroshi Itoh Published online 27.12.2016   Unsubscribe from or edit your subscription for this service. Or by mail: Customer Service * 425 Broadway St * Redwood City, CA 94063 * U.S.A. Copyright © 2017 by the European Molecular Biology Organisation.