Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 18 August 2015

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18 August 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         A new open access, multi-and interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing the highest quality papers on aging and age-related diseases, the journal is now open for submissions.  Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article.           Biological Sciences               Reward feedback stimuli elicit high-beta EEG oscillations in human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ▶     Azadeh Haji Hosseini, Clay B. Holroyd     Reward-related feedback stimuli have been observed to elicit a burst of power in the beta frequency range over frontal areas of the human scalp. Recent discussions have suggested …             Predicting lncRNA-disease associations and constructing lncRNA functional similarity network based on the information of miRNA ▶     Xing Chen     Accumulating experimental studies have indicated that lncRNAs play important roles in various critical biological process and their alterations and dysregulations have been …             Variants in the Regulatory Region of WNT5A Reduced Risk of Cardiac Conotruncal Malformations in the Chinese Population ▶     Peiqiang Li, Haijie Li, Yufang Zheng et al.     WNT5A is one of the most highly investigated non-canonical Wnt ligands and is involved in the embryonic heart development, especially in formation of the cardiac conotruncal …             Chronic fetal exposure to caffeine altered resistance vessel functions via RyRs-BKCa down-regulation in rat offspring ▶     Na Li, Yongmei Li, Qinqin Gao et al.     Caffeine modifies vascular/cardiac contractility. Embryonic exposure to caffeine altered cardiac functions in offspring. This study determined chronic influence of prenatal …             Label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics with novel pairwise abundance normalization reveals synergistic RAS and CIP2A signaling ▶     Otto Kauko, Teemu Daniel Laajala, Mikael Jumppanen et al.     Hyperactivated RAS drives progression of many human malignancies. However, oncogenic activity of RAS is dependent on simultaneous inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) …             Dynamics of a deep-water seagrass population on the Great Barrier Reef: annual occurrence and response to a major dredging program ▶     Paul H. York, Alex B. Carter, Kathryn Chartrand et al.     Global seagrass research efforts have focused on shallow coastal and estuarine seagrass populations where alarming declines have been recorded. Comparatively little is known …             Genome-wide DNA polymorphisms in low Phosphate tolerant and sensitive rice genotypes ▶     Poonam Mehra, Bipin K. Pandey, Jitender Giri     Soil Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major challenges to rice crop world-wide. Modern rice genotypes are highly P-responsive and rely on high input of P fertilizers. …             In vivo micro-scale tomography of ciliary behavior in the mammalian oviduct ▶     Shang Wang, Jason C. Burton, Richard R. Behringer et al.     Motile cilia in the mammalian oviduct play a key role in reproduction, such as transporting fertilized oocytes to the uterus for implantation. Due to their small size (~5–10 μm …             Functional Ser205Leu polymorphism of the nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) gene is associated with vagal autonomic dysregulation in humans ▶     Chuan-Chia Chang, Wen-Hui Fang, Hsin-An Chang et al.     Evidence indicates that reduced cardiac vagal (parasympathetic) tone, a robust cardiovascular risk factor, is a trait vulnerability marker of major depressive disorder (MDD). The …             The ubiquity and ancestry of insect doublesex ▶     Dana C. Price, Andrea Egizi, Dina M. Fonseca     The doublesex (dsx) gene functions as a molecular switch at the base of the insect sex determination cascade, and triggers male or female somatic sexual differentiation in …             An improved cucumber mosaic virus-based vector for efficient decoying of plant microRNAs ▶     Qiansheng Liao, Yifei Tu, John P. Carr et al.     We previously devised a cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-based vector system carrying microRNA target mimic sequences for analysis of microRNA function in Arabidopsis thaliana. We …             Transfer Effect of Speech-sound Learning on Auditory-motor Processing of Perceived Vocal Pitch Errors ▶     Zhaocong Chen, Francis C. K. Wong, Jeffery A. Jones et al.     Speech perception and production are intimately linked. There is evidence that speech motor learning results in changes to auditory processing of speech. Whether speech motor …             Photodynamic activation as a molecular switch to promote osteoblast cell differentiation via AP-1 activation ▶     Toshihiro Kushibiki, Yupeng Tu, Adnan O. Abu-Yousif et al.     In photodynamic therapy (PDT), cells are impregnated with a photosensitizing agent that is activated by light irradiation, thereby photochemically generating reactive oxygen …             Machine Learning methods for Quantitative Radiomic Biomarkers ▶     Chintan Parmar, Patrick Grossmann, Johan Bussink et al.     Radiomics extracts and mines large number of medical imaging features quantifying tumor phenotypic characteristics. Highly accurate and reliable machine-learning approaches can …             Point mutations in KAL1 and the mitochondrial gene MT-tRNAcys synergize to produce Kallmann syndrome phenotype ▶     Fei Wang, Guo-dong Huang, Hui Tian et al.     Kallmann syndrome (KS) is an inherited developmental disorder defined as the association of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia. KS has been shown to be a …             Discovery of a drug targeting microenvironmental support for lymphoma cells by screening using patient-derived xenograft cells ▶     Keiki Sugimoto, Fumihiko Hayakawa, Satoko Shimada et al.     Cell lines have been used for drug discovery as useful models of cancers; however, they do not recapitulate cancers faithfully, especially in the points of rapid growth rate and …             DKK1 rescues osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from periodontal ligaments of patients with diabetes mellitus induced periodontitis ▶     Qi Liu, Cheng-Hu Hu, Cui-Hong Zhou et al.     Multiple studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is an established risk factor for periodontitis. Recently mesenchymal stem cells derived from periodontal ligament (PDLSCs) …             Co-extinction in a host-parasite network: identifying key hosts for network stability ▶     Tad Dallas, Emily Cornelius     Parasites comprise a substantial portion of total biodiversity. Ultimately, this means that host extinction could result in many secondary extinctions of obligate parasites and …             Thermal-induced force release in oxyhemoglobin ▶     S. G. Gevorkian, A. E. Allahverdyan, D. S. Gevorgyan et al.     Oxygen is released to living tissues via conformational changes of hemoglobin from R-state (oxyhemoglobin) to T-state (desoxyhemoglobin). The detailed mechanism of this process …             A combination hydrogel microparticle-based vaccine prevents type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice ▶     Young Mee Yoon, Jamal S. Lewis, Matthew R. Carstens et al.     Targeted delivery of self-antigens to the immune system in a mode that stimulates a tolerance-inducing pathway has proven difficult. To address this hurdle, we developed a …             Transcriptomic Analysis of the Regulation of Rhizome Formation in Temperate and Tropical Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) ▶     Mei Yang, Lingping Zhu, Cheng Pan et al.     Rhizome is the storage organ of lotus derived from modified stems. The development of rhizome is a complex process and depends on the balanced expression of the genes that is …             Impaired Activity of Blood Coagulant Factor XIII in Patients with Necrotizing Enterocolitis ▶     Guo-Zhong Tao, Bo Liu, Rong Zhang et al.     Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) medical/surgical emergency of the newborn and a leading cause of preterm neonate morbidity and mortality. …             Herd-level bovine tuberculosis risk factors: assessing the role of low-level badger population disturbance ▶     David M. Wright, Neil Reid, W. Ian Montgomery et al.     Bovine TB (bTB) is endemic in Irish cattle and has eluded eradication despite considerable expenditure, amid debate over the relative roles of badgers and cattle in disease …             Secreted biofilm factors adversely affect cellular wound healing responses in vitro ▶     Robert Jeffery Marano, Hilary Jane Wallace, Dulharie Wijeratne et al.     Although most chronic wounds possess an underlying pathology, infectious agents also contribute. In many instances, pathogens exist as biofilms forming clusters surrounded by a …             The stool microbiota of insulin resistant women with recent gestational diabetes, a high risk group for type 2 diabetes ▶     Marina Fugmann, Michaela Breier, Marietta Rottenkolber et al.     The gut microbiota has been linked to metabolic diseases. However, information on the microbiome of young adults at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) is lacking. The aim of this …             Histamine deficiency exacerbates myocardial injury in acute myocardial infarction through impaired macrophage infiltration and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis ▶     Long Deng, Tao Hong, Jinyi Lin et al.     Histamine is a biogenic amine that is widely distributed and has multiple functions, but the role it plays in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear. In this study, we …             Moyamoya disease susceptibility gene RNF213 links inflammatory and angiogenic signals in endothelial cells ▶     Kazuhiro Ohkubo, Yasunari Sakai, Hirosuke Inoue et al.     Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by occlusive lesions of the circle of Willis. To date, both environmental and genetic factors have been …             Erratum: Targeted disruption of a single sex pheromone receptor gene completely abolishes in vivo pheromone response in the silkmoth ▶     Takeshi Sakurai, Hidefumi Mitsuno, Akihisa Mikami et al.                 IL-33 released by alum is responsible for early cytokine production and has adjuvant properties ▶     William A. Rose II, Angela J. Okragly, Chetan N. Patel et al.     Human vaccines have used aluminium-based adjuvants (alum) for >80 years despite incomplete understanding of how alum enhances the immune response. Alum can induce the release of …             TRIzol and Alu qPCR-based quantification of metastatic seeding within the skeleton ▶     J. Preston Campbell, P. Mulcrone, S. K. Masood et al.     Current methods for detecting disseminated tumor cells in the skeleton are limited by expense and technical complexity. We describe a simple and inexpensive method to quantify, …             Identification and characterization of the chromosomal yefM-yoeB toxin-antitoxin system of Streptococcus suis ▶     Chengkun Zheng, Jiali Xu, Sujing Ren et al.     Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widely prevalent in the genomes of bacteria and archaea. These modules have been identified in Escherichia coli and various other bacteria. …             Improved human visuomotor performance and pupil constriction after choline supplementation in a placebo-controlled double-blind study ▶     Marnix Naber, Bernhard Hommel, Lorenza S. Colzato     Only few nutrients are known to enhance cognition. Here we explore whether visuomotor performance can be improved through the intake of the nutrient choline, an essential …             Erratum: Structural conservation among the rhodopsin-like and other G protein-coupled receptors ▶     Mikitaka Kinoshita, Tetsuji Okada                 High-yield isolation of extracellular vesicles using aqueous two-phase system ▶     Hyunwoo Shin, Chungmin Han, Joseph M. Labuz et al.     Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes and microvesicles released from cells are potential biomarkers for blood-based diagnostic applications. To exploit EVs as diagnostic …             Novel microscopy-based screening method reveals regulators of contact-dependent intercellular transfer ▶     Dominik Michael Frei, Erlend Hodneland, Ivan Rios-Mondragon et al.     Contact-dependent intercellular transfer (codeIT) of cellular constituents can have functional consequences for recipient cells, such as enhanced survival and drug resistance. …             Evolutionary conservation analysis between the essential and nonessential genes in bacterial genomes ▶     Hao Luo, Feng Gao, Yan Lin     Essential genes are thought to be critical for the survival of the organisms under certain circumstances, and the natural selection acting on essential genes is expected to be …             Rapid and efficient genome-wide characterization of Xanthomonas TAL effector genes ▶     Yan-Hua Yu, Ye Lu, Yong-Qiang He et al.     Xanthomonas TALE transcriptional activators act as virulence or avirulence factors by activating host disease susceptibility or resistance genes. Their specificity is determined …             Derivation of a fifteen gene prognostic panel for six cancers ▶     Mamata F. Khirade, Girdhari Lal, Sharmila A. Bapat     The hallmarks of cancer deem biological pathways and molecules to be conserved. This approach may be useful for deriving a prognostic gene signature. Weighted Gene Co-expression …             Integrated analysis of miRNA/mRNA network in placenta identifies key factors associated with labor onset of Large White and Qingping sows ▶     Huanan Li, Bin Wu, Junnan Geng et al.     Labour onset is a very complex physiological process, and its mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we obtained the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles from the placentas of four …             Unique Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation by NAMPT/PBEF Induces NFκB Signaling and Inflammatory Lung Injury ▶     Sara M. Camp, Ermelinda Ceco, Carrie L. Evenoski et al.     Ventilator-induced inflammatory lung injury (VILI) is mechanistically linked to increased NAMPT transcription and circulating levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase …             Corrigendum: Long-term efficacy and safety of omalizumab in patients with persistent uncontrolled allergic asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Tianwen Lai, Shaobin Wang, Zhiwei Xu et al.                 Erratum: Differential immune mechanism to HIV-1 Tat variants and its regulation by AEA ▶     Gopinath Krishnan, Nivedita Chatterjee                 Geochemical influences and mercury methylation of a dental wastewater microbiome ▶     Asha Rani, Karl J. Rockne, James Drummond et al.     The microbiome of dental clinic wastewater and its impact on mercury methylation remains largely unknown. Waste generated during dental procedures enters the sewer system and …             The phospholipid-binding protein SESTD1 negatively regulates dendritic spine density by interfering with Rac1-Trio8 signaling pathway ▶     Cheng-Che Lee, Chiung-Chun Huang, Kuei-Sen Hsu     Dendritic spines are actin-rich protrusions from neuronal dendrites that harbor the majority of excitatory synapses. The balance of spine formation and retraction may influence …             UPRT, a suicide-gene therapy candidate in higher eukaryotes, is required for Drosophila larval growth and normal adult lifespan ▶     Arpan C. Ghosh, MaryJane Shimell, Emma R. Leof et al.     Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT) is a pyrimidine salvage pathway enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of uracil to uridine monophosphate (UMP). The enzyme is highly …             Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase dependent angiogenesis revealed by a bioengineered macrolide inhibitor ▶     Adam C. Mirando, Pengfei Fang, Tamara F. Williams et al.     Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) catalyze an early step in protein synthesis, but also regulate diverse physiological processes in animal cells. These include angiogenesis, and …             Feline lungworms unlock a novel mode of parasite transmission ▶     Vito Colella, Alessio Giannelli, Emanuele Brianti et al.     Snail-borne lungworms exert an enormous toll on the health and welfare of animals and humans. Of these parasites, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior affect …             Artificial biofilms establish the role of matrix interactions in staphylococcal biofilm assembly and disassembly ▶     Elizabeth J. Stewart, Mahesh Ganesan, John G. Younger et al.     We demonstrate that the microstructural and mechanical properties of bacterial biofilms can be created through colloidal self-assembly of cells and polymers, and thereby link the …             Stearic acid induces proinflammatory cytokine production partly through activation of lactate-HIF1α pathway in chondrocytes ▶     Hongming Miao, Liang Chen, Lijun Hao et al.     The biomechanics stress and chronic inflammation in obesity are causally linked to osteoarthritis. However, the metabolic factors mediating obesity-related osteoarthritis are …             Cell-free expression of functional receptor tyrosine kinases ▶     Wei He, Tiffany M. Scharadin, Matthew Saldana et al.     Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play critical roles in physiological and pathological processes, and are important anticancer drug targets. In vitro mechanistic and drug …             Lentiviral shRNA against KCa3.1 inhibits allergic response in allergic rhinitis and suppresses mast cell activity via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway ▶     Hai Lin, Chunquan Zheng, Jing Li et al.     Calcium-activated potassium ion channel-3.1 (KCa3.1) plays a pivotal role in the potassium-calcium exchange involved in atopy. This study aimed to explore the impact of …             Generation of monoclonal antibodies against MGA and comparison of their application in breast cancer detection by immunohistochemistry ▶     Cuimi Duan, Xiqin Yang, Xuhui Zhang et al.     Mammaglobin A (MGA) is an organ specific molecular biomarker for metastatic breast cancer diagnosis. However, there are still needs to develop optimal monoclonal antibodies …             Blocking Endogenous Leukemia Inhibitory Factor During Placental Development in Mice Leads to Abnormal Placentation and Pregnancy Loss ▶     Amy Winship, Jeanne Correia, Tara Krishnan et al.     The placenta forms the interface between the maternal and fetal circulation and is critical for the establishment of a healthy pregnancy. Specialized trophoblast cells derived …             The selective post-translational processing of transcription factor Nrf1 yields distinct isoforms that dictate its ability to differentially regulate gene expression ▶     Yiguo Zhang, Shaojun Li, Yuancai Xiang et al.     Upon translation, the N-terminal homology box 1 (NHB1) signal anchor sequence of Nrf1 integrates it within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) whilst its transactivation domains …             Triplex DNA: A new platform for polymerase chain reaction – based biosensor ▶     Yubin Li, Xiangmin Miao, Liansheng Ling     Non - specific PCR amplification and DNA contamination usually accompany with PCR process, to overcome these problems, here we establish a sensor for thrombin by sequence - …             The human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 protein antagonises an Imiquimod-induced inflammatory pathway in primary human keratinocytes ▶     Kathryn H. Richards, Christopher W. Wasson, Oliver Watherston et al.     High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the etiological pathogen of cervical and a number of ano-genital cancers. How HPVs overcome the significant barriers of the skin immune …             The immune adherence receptor CR1-like existed on porcine erythrocytes membrane ▶     Wei Yin, Jiaoyan Cui, Junbing Jiang et al.     In the present study, we obtain a mouse anti-porcine complement receptor type 1 (CR1)-like monoclonal antibody (McAb) and use this McAb to verify the existence of CR1-like …             An integrated system for identifying the hidden assassins in traditional medicines containing aristolochic acids ▶     Lan Wu, Wei Sun, Bo Wang et al.     Traditional herbal medicines adulterated and contaminated with plant materials from the Aristolochiaceae family, which contain aristolochic acids (AAs), cause aristolochic acid …             The immune adherence receptor CR1-like existed on porcine erythrocytes membrane ▶     Wei Yin, Jiaoyan Cui, Junbing Jiang et al.     In the present study, we obtain a mouse anti-porcine complement receptor type 1 (CR1)-like monoclonal antibody (McAb) and use this McAb to verify the existence of CR1-like …             A start codon mutation of the FRMD7 gene in two Korean families with idiopathic infantile nystagmus ▶     Jae-Hwan Choi, Jin-Hong Shin, Je Hyun Seo et al.     Idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) is the involuntary oscillation of the eyes with onset in the first few months of life. The most common form of inheritance is X-linked, and …             The hormone-bound vitamin D receptor enhances the FBW7-dependent turnover of NF-κB subunits ▶     Fatemeh Fekrmandi, Tian-Tian Wang, John H. White     Signaling by hormonal vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) has attracted increasing interest because of its non-classical actions, particularly its putative anticancer …             Pharmacokinetics of a multicomponent herbal preparation in healthy Chinese and African volunteers ▶     Raphael N. Alolga, Yong Fan, Gang Zhang et al.     K-601 is an herbal formulation for influenza consisting of Lonicera japonica, Isatis indigotica, Rheum palmatum, Phellodendron chinense, and Scutellaria baicalensis. In this …             Discovery of Some Piperine-Based Phenylsulfonylhydrazone Derivatives as Potent Botanically Narcotic Agents ▶     Huan Qu, Min Lv, Xiang Yu et al.     By structural modification of piperine, some piperine-based phenylsulfonylhydrazone derivatives exhibited an unprecedented and potent narcotic activity against the oriental …             The Salmonella effector protein SifA plays a dual role in virulence ▶     Weidong Zhao, Thomas Moest, Yaya Zhao et al.     The virulence of Salmonella relies on the expression of effector proteins that the bacterium injects inside infected cells. Salmonella enters eukaryotic cells and resides in a …             Nutrition-dependent phenotypes affect sexual selection in a ladybird ▶     Jiaqin Xie, Patrick De Clercq, Yuhong Zhang et al.     Environmental factors play a crucial role in influencing sexual selection in insects and the evolution of their mating systems. Although it has been reported that sexual …             Difficidin and bacilysin from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 have antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae rice pathogens ▶     Liming Wu, Huijun Wu, Lina Chen et al.     Bacterial blight and bacterial leaf streak are serious, economically damaging, diseases of rice caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and X. oryzae pv. oryzicola. …             Loss of NDRG2 enhanced activation of the NF-κB pathway by PTEN and NIK phosphorylation for ATL and other cancer development ▶     Tomonaga Ichikawa, Shingo Nakahata, Masahiro Fujii et al.     The activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling has a central role in the development of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and many other cancers. However, the …             A critical role of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and its’ in vivo ligands in radio-resistance ▶     Fu Gao, Chaoxiong Zhang, Chuanfeng Zhou et al.     The role of Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) in radio-resistance remained largely unknown. TLR2 knockout (TLR2−/−) mice received radiation of 6.5 Gy, and then were studied. We found …             Lys39-Lysophosphatidate Carbonyl Oxygen Interaction Locks LPA1 N-terminal Cap to the Orthosteric Site and partners Arg124 During Receptor Activation ▶     Olaposi I. Omotuyi, Jun Nagai, Hiroshi Ueda     Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor 1 (LPA1) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptors mediating the biological response to LPA species. Lack of detailed mechanism …             Changes to the dynamic nature of hemagglutinin and the emergence of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus ▶     Sun-Woo Yoon, Noam Chen, Mariette F. Ducatez et al.     The virologic factors that limit the transmission of swine influenza viruses between humans are unresolved. While it has been shown that acquisition of the neuraminidase (NA) and …             Curcumin analogues as selective fluorescence imaging probes for brown adipose tissue and monitoring browning ▶     Xueli Zhang, Yanli Tian, Hongbin Zhang et al.     Manipulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) can be promising new approaches to counter metabolic disorder diseases in humans. Imaging …             Copy number variations and gene polymorphisms of Complement components in ocular Behcet’s disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome ▶     Dengfeng Xu, Shengping Hou, Jun Zhang et al.     Complement is involved in many immune-mediated diseases. However, the association of its copy number variations (CNVs) and polymorphisms with Behcet’s disease (BD) and …             A highly stable minimally processed plant-derived recombinant acetylcholinesterase for nerve agent detection in adverse conditions ▶     Yvonne J. Rosenberg, Jeremy Walker, Xiaoming Jiang et al.     Although recent innovations in transient plant systems have enabled gram quantities of proteins in 1–2 weeks, very few have been translated into applications due to technical …             Elevated β-catenin pathway as a novel target for patients with resistance to EGF receptor targeting drugs ▶     Asuka Nakata, Ryo Yoshida, Rui Yamaguchi et al.     There is a high death rate of lung cancer patients. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective in some lung adenocarcinoma patients …             Extensive shift in placental transcriptome profile in preeclampsia and placental origin of adverse pregnancy outcomes ▶     Siim Sõber, Mario Reiman, Triin Kikas et al.     One in five pregnant women suffer from gestational complications, prevalently driven by placental malfunction. Using RNASeq, we analyzed differential placental gene expression in …             Symmetry warrants rational cooperation by co-action in Social Dilemmas ▶     V. Sasidevan, Sitabhra Sinha     Is it rational for selfish individuals to cooperate? The conventional answer based on analysis of games such as the Prisoners Dilemma (PD) is that it is not, even though mutual …             Progeny Clustering: A Method to Identify Biological Phenotypes ▶     Chenyue W. Hu, Steven M. Kornblau, John H. Slater et al.     Estimating the optimal number of clusters is a major challenge in applying cluster analysis to any type of dataset, especially to biomedical datasets, which are high-dimensional …             Effects of ECM protein micropatterns on the migration and differentiation of adult neural stem cells ▶     Sunghoon Joo, Joo Yeon Kim, Eunsoo Lee et al.     The migration and differentiation of adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) are believed to be strongly influenced by the spatial distribution of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in …             Pathway analysis of body mass index genome-wide association study highlights risk pathways in cardiovascular disease ▶     Xin Zhao, Jinxia Gu, Ming Li et al.     Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. It is reported that body mass index (BMI) is risk factor for CVD. Genome-wide …             Design of substrate-based BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors using the cyclotide scaffold ▶     Yen-Hua Huang, Sónia T. Henriques, Conan K. Wang et al.     The constitutively active tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL is the underlying cause of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Current CML treatments rely on the long-term use of tyrosine kinase …             Robustness and period sensitivity analysis of minimal models for biochemical oscillators ▶     Angélica Caicedo-Casso, Hye-Won Kang, Sookkyung Lim et al.     Biological systems exhibit numerous oscillatory behaviors from calcium oscillations to circadian rhythms that recur daily. These autonomous oscillators contain complex feedbacks …             ESEA: Discovering the Dysregulated Pathways based on Edge Set Enrichment Analysis ▶     Junwei Han, Xinrui Shi, Yunpeng Zhang et al.     Pathway analyses are playing an increasingly important role in understanding biological mechanism, cellular function and disease states. Current pathway-identification methods …             The equal effectiveness of different defensive strategies ▶     Shuang Zhang, Yuxin Zhang, Keming Ma     Plants have evolved a variety of defensive strategies to resist herbivory, but at the interspecific level, the relative effectiveness of these strategies has been poorly …             Flexibility and extracellular opening determine the interaction between ligands and insect sulfakinin receptors ▶     Na Yu, Moises João Zotti, Freja Scheys et al.     Despite their fundamental importance for growth, the mechanisms that regulate food intake are poorly understood. Our previous work demonstrated that insect sulfakinin (SK) …             Two single amino acid substitutions in the intervening region of Newcastle disease virus HN protein attenuate viral replication and pathogenicity ▶     Bin Liu, Yanhong Ji, Zhongqing Lin et al.     Among the proteins encoded by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the attachment protein (HN) is an important determinant of virulence and pathogenicity. HN has been molecularly …             Lung Cancer Onset in Wild Type Mice Following Bone Marrow Reconstitution with krasv12 Cells ▶     Elena Belloni, Ines Martin Padura, Elvira Gerbino et al.     A role for bone-marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) in tissue repair and malignancy onset has been proposed, but their contribution is still debated. We tested the ability of BMDCs …             Paths and determinants for Penicillium janthinellum to resist low and high copper ▶     Jian Xu, Guo-Li Chen, Xue-Zhe Sun et al.     Copper (Cu) tolerance was well understood in fungi yeasts but not in filamentous fungi. Filamentous fungi are eukaryotes but unlike eukaryotic fungi yeasts, which are a …             A conserved histidine in switch-II of EF-G moderates release of inorganic phosphate ▶     Ravi Kiran Koripella, Mikael Holm, Daniel Dourado et al.     Elongation factor G (EF-G), a translational GTPase responsible for tRNA-mRNA translocation possesses a conserved histidine (H91 in Escherichia coli) at the apex of switch-II, …             Asymmetrical diacylglycerol dynamics on the cytosolic and lumenal sides of a single endomembrane in living cells ▶     Yoshibumi Ueda, Hideo Ogiso, Moritoshi Sato et al.     The elucidation of lipid dynamics on the cytosolic and lumenal sides of a single endomembrane has been challenging in living cells because of the lack of appropriate methods. …             Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 silencing inhibits tumor growth and lung metastasis in osteosarcoma ▶     Yang-Fan Lv, Guang-Ning Yan, Gang Meng et al.     The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) methyltransferase is the catalytic subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which acts as a transcription repressor via the …             Monitoring microbial metabolites using an inductively coupled resonance circuit ▶     Daniil Karnaushenko, Larysa Baraban, Dan Ye et al.     We present a new approach to monitor microbial population dynamics in emulsion droplets via changes in metabolite composition, using an inductively coupled LC resonance circuit. …             Quadruplex-and-Mg2+ Connection (QMC) of DNA ▶     Besik Kankia     This work highlights a novel method of coupling of nucleic acids through formation of an extraordinary stable, specific and fully reversible quadruplex-and-Mg2+ connection (QMC). …             Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses identify a role for chlorophyll catabolism and phytoalexin during Medicago nonhost resistance against Asian soybean rust ▶     Yasuhiro Ishiga, Srinivasa Rao Uppalapati, Upinder S. Gill et al.     Asian soybean rust (ASR) caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi is a devastating foliar disease affecting soybean production worldwide. Understanding nonhost resistance against ASR may …             In vitro degradation of pure Mg in response to glucose ▶     Rong-Chang Zeng, Xiao-Ting Li, Shuo-Qi Li et al.     Magnesium and its alloys are promising biodegradable biomaterials but are still challenging to be used in person with high levels of blood glucose or diabetes. To date, the …             Stability of HIB-Cul3 E3 ligase adaptor HIB Is Regulated by Self-degradation and Availability of Its Substrates ▶     Zizhang Zhou, Congyu Xu, Ping Chen et al.     The HIB-Cul3 complex E3 ligase regulates physiological homeostasis through regulating its substrate stability and its activity can be modulated by changing HIB abundance. …             Variable alterations of the microbiota, without metabolic or immunological change, following faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with chronic pouchitis ▶     J. Landy, A. W. Walker, J. V. Li et al.     Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection, where efficacy correlates with changes in microbiota diversity and …             Cold plasma treatment enhances oilseed rape seed germination under drought stress ▶     Li Ling, Li Jiangang, Shen Minchong et al.     Effects of cold plasma treatment on seed germination, seedling growth, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation levels and osmotic-adjustment products of oilseed rape under …             Inhibition of ZEB1 expression induces redifferentiation of adult human β cells expanded in vitro ▶     Elad Sintov, Gili Nathan, Sarah Knoller et al.     In-vitro expansion of functional adult human β-cells is an attractive approach for generating insulin-producing cells for transplantation. However, human islet cell expansion in …             Deletion of the tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 in Sertoli cells causes infertility in mice ▶     Xiaopeng Hu, Zhenzhou Tang, Yang Li et al.     The male’s ability to reproduce is completely dependent on Sertoli cells. However, the mechanisms governing the functional integrity of Sertoli cells have remained largely …             Rhus coriaria induces senescence and autophagic cell death in breast cancer cells through a mechanism involving p38 and ERK1/2 activation ▶     Hussain El Hasasna, Khawlah Athamneh, Halima Al Samri et al.     Here, we investigated the anticancer effect of Rhus coriaria on three breast cancer cell lines. We demonstrated that Rhus coriaria ethanolic extract (RCE) inhibits the …             Genetic data from algae sedimentary DNA reflect the influence of environment over geography ▶     Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring, Ulrike Herzschuh, Luidmila A. Pestryakova et al.     Genetic investigations on eukaryotic plankton confirmed the existence of modern biogeographic patterns, but analyses of palaeoecological data exploring the temporal variability …             Splenic red pulp macrophages are intrinsically superparamagnetic and contaminate magnetic cell isolates ▶     Lars Franken, Marika Klein, Marina Spasova et al.     A main function of splenic red pulp macrophages is the degradation of damaged or aged erythrocytes. Here we show that these macrophages accumulate ferrimagnetic iron oxides that …             Purifying Cytokinetic Cells from an Asynchronous Population ▶     Einat Panet, Efrat Ozer, Tal Mashriki et al.     Cytokinesis is an intensively studied process by which the cell cytoplasm divides to produce two daughter cells. Like any other aspect of cell cycle research, the study of …             Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Struck Migratory Birds in China in 2015 ▶     Yuhai Bi, Zhenjie Zhang, Wenjun Liu et al.     Approximately 100 migratory birds, including whooper swans and pochards, were found dead in the Sanmenxia Reservoir Area of China during January 2015. The causative agent behind …             Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the production of 1,3-diaminopropane, a three carbon diamine ▶     Tong Un Chae, Won Jun Kim, Sol Choi et al.     Bio-based production of chemicals from renewable resources is becoming increasingly important for sustainable chemical industry. In this study, Escherichia coli was metabolically …             Integrated miRNA-mRNA analysis in the habenula nuclei of mice intravenously self-administering nicotine ▶     Sangjoon Lee, Jiwan Woo, Yong Sik Kim et al.     A considerable amount of evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the neuroadaptation of drug addiction. Habenula (Hb), one of the critical brain regions …             Glutathione Decrement Drives Thermogenic Program In Adipose Cells ▶     Daniele Lettieri Barbato, Giuseppe Tatulli, Stefano Maria Cannata et al.     Adipose tissue metabolically adapts to external stimuli. We demonstrate that the induction of the thermogenic program in white adipocytes, through cold exposure in mice or in …             Identification of key neoculin residues responsible for the binding and activation of the sweet taste receptor ▶     Taichi Koizumi, Tohru Terada, Ken-ichiro Nakajima et al.     Neoculin (NCL) is a heterodimeric protein isolated from the edible fruit of Curculigo latifolia. It exerts a taste-modifying activity by converting sourness to sweetness. We …             Dynamic markers based on blood perfusion fluctuations for selecting skin melanocytic lesions for biopsy ▶     Gemma Lancaster, Aneta Stefanovska, Margherita Pesce et al.     Skin malignant melanoma is a highly angiogenic cancer, necessitating early diagnosis for positive prognosis. The current diagnostic standard of biopsy and histological …             miR-744 enhances type I interferon signaling pathway by targeting PTP1B in primary human renal mesangial cells ▶     Xiaoyan Zhang, Xiao Han, Yuanjia Tang et al.     Renal mesangial cells (RMCs) constitute a population of cells in glomerular mesangium. Inflammatory cytokines produced by RMCs play a vital role in renal inflammation. miRNAs are …             Subcellular and Dynamic Coordination between Src Activity and Cell Protrusion in Microenvironment ▶     Yue Zhuo, Tongcheng Qian, Yiqian Wu et al.     Migration of endothelial cells is essential for wound healing and angiogenesis. Src kinase activity plays important roles at the protrusions of migrating endothelial cells. …             A time-course study of long term over-expression of ARR19 in mice ▶     Imteyaz Qamar, Mohammad Faiz Ahmad, Arul Narayanasamy     A leucine-rich protein, ARR19 (androgen receptor corepressor-19 kDa), is highly expressed in male reproductive organs and moderately in others. Previously, we have reported that …             Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells inhibited T follicular helper cell generation in rheumatoid arthritis ▶     Rui Liu, Xia Li, Zhuoya Zhang et al.     T follicular helper (Tfh) cells provide help for antigen-specific B cells. We have previously shown that Tfh cell frequency was increased and associated with auto-antibodies in …             A “footprint” of plant carbon fixation cycle functions during the development of a heterotrophic fungus ▶     Xueliang Lyu, Cuicui Shen, Jiatao Xie et al.     Carbon fixation pathway of plants (CFPP) in photosynthesis converts solar energy to biomass, bio-products and biofuel. Intriguingly, a large number of heterotrophic fungi also …             An advanced draft genome assembly of a desi type chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) ▶     Sabiha Parween, Kashif Nawaz, Riti Roy et al.     Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important pulse legume crop. We previously reported a draft genome assembly of the desi chickpea cultivar ICC 4958. Here we report an advanced …             Human GPR42 is a transcribed multisite variant that exhibits copy number polymorphism and is functional when heterologously expressed ▶     Henry L. Puhl III, Yu-Jin Won, Van B. Lu et al.     FFAR3 (GPR41) is a G-protein coupled receptor for which short-chain fatty acids serve as endogenous ligands. The receptor is found on gut enteroendocrine L-cells, pancreatic …             The antioxidant compound tert-butylhydroquinone activates Akt in myocardium, suppresses apoptosis and ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction ▶     Yongtao Zhang, Fang Fang Liu, Xiaolei Bi et al.     Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is an antioxidant compound which shows multiple cytoprotective actions. We evaluated the effects of TBHQ on pathological cardiac remodeling and …             High ROR2 expression in tumor cells and stroma is correlated with poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ▶     Jianfei Huang, Xiangjun Fan, Xudong Wang et al.     RTK-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) is overexpressed in several cancers and has tumorigenic activity. However, the expression of ROR2 and its functional and prognostic significance …             Fluorogenic Assay for Inhibitors of HIV-1 Protease with Sub-picomolar Affinity ▶     Ian W. Windsor, Ronald T. Raines     A fluorogenic substrate for HIV-1 protease was designed and used as the basis for a hypersensitive assay. The substrate exhibits a kcat of 7.4 s−1, KM of 15 μM, and an increase …             Subsurface pressure profiling: a novel mathematical paradigm for computing colony pressures on substrate during fungal infections ▶     Subir Patra, Sourav Banerjee, Gabriel Terejanu et al.     Colony expansion is an essential feature of fungal infections. Although mechanisms that regulate hyphal forces on the substrate during expansion have been reported previously, …             Zipf’s law holds for phrases, not words ▶     Jake Ryland Williams, Paul R. Lessard, Suma Desu et al.     With Zipf’s law being originally and most famously observed for word frequency, it is surprisingly limited in its applicability to human language, holding over no more than three …             The Effects of Combined Treatment with Naringin and Treadmill Exercise on Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats ▶     Xiaolei SUN, LI Fengbo, MA Xinlong et al.     Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and progressive destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increased the risk of fracture. Previous studies have …             Human iPSC derived disease model of MERTK-associated retinitis pigmentosa ▶     Dunja Lukovic, Ana Artero Castro, Ana Belen Garcia Delgado et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) represents a genetically heterogeneous group of retinal dystrophies affecting mainly the rod photoreceptors and in some instances also the retinal …                 Featured contents published recently in Experimental & Molecular Medicine (EMM): Special Feature on Neurodegenerative Diseases and their Therapeutic Approaches    Special Feature on Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Cancer EMM publishes the latest and most important advances in genetic, molecular and cellular studies of human physiology and diseases.  Register for your Electronic Table of Contents e-alerts today!         • Careers & Jobs           naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Senior Research Scientist     Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust            Postdoctoral Research Assistant     Queen Mary University of London            Chancellor’s Fellow     University of Edinburgh            Postdoctoral Scientist     Helmholtz Association            Senior Scientist in Synthetic Biology     University of Tartu            Post-Doctoral / Senior Research     Northwestern University            Statistician     Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI)            Research Fellowships in 2016     University of Cambridge            Postdoc in non-coding transcription     University of Copenhagen            Clinical Lecturer     University of Bristol          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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