Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 18 August 2015

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18 August 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Nature Publishing Group offers a free open access funding support service to enable authors to discover and apply for article processing charge funding available to them.   Visit our website for further advice on the funding options available, and guidance in approaching funders and institutions, or email openaccess@nature.com for more information.          Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences               Biological Sciences ▲ top               Reward feedback stimuli elicit high-beta EEG oscillations in human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex ▶     Azadeh Haji Hosseini, Clay B. Holroyd     Reward-related feedback stimuli have been observed to elicit a burst of power in the beta frequency range over frontal areas of the human scalp. Recent discussions have suggested …             Predicting lncRNA-disease associations and constructing lncRNA functional similarity network based on the information of miRNA ▶     Xing Chen     Accumulating experimental studies have indicated that lncRNAs play important roles in various critical biological process and their alterations and dysregulations have been …             Variants in the Regulatory Region of WNT5A Reduced Risk of Cardiac Conotruncal Malformations in the Chinese Population ▶     Peiqiang Li, Haijie Li, Yufang Zheng et al.     WNT5A is one of the most highly investigated non-canonical Wnt ligands and is involved in the embryonic heart development, especially in formation of the cardiac conotruncal …             Chronic fetal exposure to caffeine altered resistance vessel functions via RyRs-BKCa down-regulation in rat offspring ▶     Na Li, Yongmei Li, Qinqin Gao et al.     Caffeine modifies vascular/cardiac contractility. Embryonic exposure to caffeine altered cardiac functions in offspring. This study determined chronic influence of prenatal …             Label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics with novel pairwise abundance normalization reveals synergistic RAS and CIP2A signaling ▶     Otto Kauko, Teemu Daniel Laajala, Mikael Jumppanen et al.     Hyperactivated RAS drives progression of many human malignancies. However, oncogenic activity of RAS is dependent on simultaneous inactivation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) …             Dynamics of a deep-water seagrass population on the Great Barrier Reef: annual occurrence and response to a major dredging program ▶     Paul H. York, Alex B. Carter, Kathryn Chartrand et al.     Global seagrass research efforts have focused on shallow coastal and estuarine seagrass populations where alarming declines have been recorded. Comparatively little is known …             Genome-wide DNA polymorphisms in low Phosphate tolerant and sensitive rice genotypes ▶     Poonam Mehra, Bipin K. Pandey, Jitender Giri     Soil Phosphorus (P) deficiency is one of the major challenges to rice crop world-wide. Modern rice genotypes are highly P-responsive and rely on high input of P fertilizers. …             In vivo micro-scale tomography of ciliary behavior in the mammalian oviduct ▶     Shang Wang, Jason C. Burton, Richard R. Behringer et al.     Motile cilia in the mammalian oviduct play a key role in reproduction, such as transporting fertilized oocytes to the uterus for implantation. Due to their small size (~5–10 μm …             Functional Ser205Leu polymorphism of the nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) gene is associated with vagal autonomic dysregulation in humans ▶     Chuan-Chia Chang, Wen-Hui Fang, Hsin-An Chang et al.     Evidence indicates that reduced cardiac vagal (parasympathetic) tone, a robust cardiovascular risk factor, is a trait vulnerability marker of major depressive disorder (MDD). The …             The ubiquity and ancestry of insect doublesex ▶     Dana C. Price, Andrea Egizi, Dina M. Fonseca     The doublesex (dsx) gene functions as a molecular switch at the base of the insect sex determination cascade, and triggers male or female somatic sexual differentiation in …             An improved cucumber mosaic virus-based vector for efficient decoying of plant microRNAs ▶     Qiansheng Liao, Yifei Tu, John P. Carr et al.     We previously devised a cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)-based vector system carrying microRNA target mimic sequences for analysis of microRNA function in Arabidopsis thaliana. We …             Transfer Effect of Speech-sound Learning on Auditory-motor Processing of Perceived Vocal Pitch Errors ▶     Zhaocong Chen, Francis C. K. Wong, Jeffery A. Jones et al.     Speech perception and production are intimately linked. There is evidence that speech motor learning results in changes to auditory processing of speech. Whether speech motor …             Photodynamic activation as a molecular switch to promote osteoblast cell differentiation via AP-1 activation ▶     Toshihiro Kushibiki, Yupeng Tu, Adnan O. Abu-Yousif et al.     In photodynamic therapy (PDT), cells are impregnated with a photosensitizing agent that is activated by light irradiation, thereby photochemically generating reactive oxygen …             Machine Learning methods for Quantitative Radiomic Biomarkers ▶     Chintan Parmar, Patrick Grossmann, Johan Bussink et al.     Radiomics extracts and mines large number of medical imaging features quantifying tumor phenotypic characteristics. Highly accurate and reliable machine-learning approaches can …             Point mutations in KAL1 and the mitochondrial gene MT-tRNAcys synergize to produce Kallmann syndrome phenotype ▶     Fei Wang, Guo-dong Huang, Hui Tian et al.     Kallmann syndrome (KS) is an inherited developmental disorder defined as the association of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia. KS has been shown to be a …             Discovery of a drug targeting microenvironmental support for lymphoma cells by screening using patient-derived xenograft cells ▶     Keiki Sugimoto, Fumihiko Hayakawa, Satoko Shimada et al.     Cell lines have been used for drug discovery as useful models of cancers; however, they do not recapitulate cancers faithfully, especially in the points of rapid growth rate and …             DKK1 rescues osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from periodontal ligaments of patients with diabetes mellitus induced periodontitis ▶     Qi Liu, Cheng-Hu Hu, Cui-Hong Zhou et al.     Multiple studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is an established risk factor for periodontitis. Recently mesenchymal stem cells derived from periodontal ligament (PDLSCs) …             Co-extinction in a host-parasite network: identifying key hosts for network stability ▶     Tad Dallas, Emily Cornelius     Parasites comprise a substantial portion of total biodiversity. Ultimately, this means that host extinction could result in many secondary extinctions of obligate parasites and …             Thermal-induced force release in oxyhemoglobin ▶     S. G. Gevorkian, A. E. Allahverdyan, D. S. Gevorgyan et al.     Oxygen is released to living tissues via conformational changes of hemoglobin from R-state (oxyhemoglobin) to T-state (desoxyhemoglobin). The detailed mechanism of this process …             A combination hydrogel microparticle-based vaccine prevents type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice ▶     Young Mee Yoon, Jamal S. Lewis, Matthew R. Carstens et al.     Targeted delivery of self-antigens to the immune system in a mode that stimulates a tolerance-inducing pathway has proven difficult. To address this hurdle, we developed a …             Transcriptomic Analysis of the Regulation of Rhizome Formation in Temperate and Tropical Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) ▶     Mei Yang, Lingping Zhu, Cheng Pan et al.     Rhizome is the storage organ of lotus derived from modified stems. The development of rhizome is a complex process and depends on the balanced expression of the genes that is …             Impaired Activity of Blood Coagulant Factor XIII in Patients with Necrotizing Enterocolitis ▶     Guo-Zhong Tao, Bo Liu, Rong Zhang et al.     Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) medical/surgical emergency of the newborn and a leading cause of preterm neonate morbidity and mortality. …             Herd-level bovine tuberculosis risk factors: assessing the role of low-level badger population disturbance ▶     David M. Wright, Neil Reid, W. Ian Montgomery et al.     Bovine TB (bTB) is endemic in Irish cattle and has eluded eradication despite considerable expenditure, amid debate over the relative roles of badgers and cattle in disease …             Secreted biofilm factors adversely affect cellular wound healing responses in vitro ▶     Robert Jeffery Marano, Hilary Jane Wallace, Dulharie Wijeratne et al.     Although most chronic wounds possess an underlying pathology, infectious agents also contribute. In many instances, pathogens exist as biofilms forming clusters surrounded by a …             The stool microbiota of insulin resistant women with recent gestational diabetes, a high risk group for type 2 diabetes ▶     Marina Fugmann, Michaela Breier, Marietta Rottenkolber et al.     The gut microbiota has been linked to metabolic diseases. However, information on the microbiome of young adults at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) is lacking. The aim of this …             Histamine deficiency exacerbates myocardial injury in acute myocardial infarction through impaired macrophage infiltration and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis ▶     Long Deng, Tao Hong, Jinyi Lin et al.     Histamine is a biogenic amine that is widely distributed and has multiple functions, but the role it plays in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear. In this study, we …             Moyamoya disease susceptibility gene RNF213 links inflammatory and angiogenic signals in endothelial cells ▶     Kazuhiro Ohkubo, Yasunari Sakai, Hirosuke Inoue et al.     Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by occlusive lesions of the circle of Willis. To date, both environmental and genetic factors have been …             Erratum: Targeted disruption of a single sex pheromone receptor gene completely abolishes in vivo pheromone response in the silkmoth ▶     Takeshi Sakurai, Hidefumi Mitsuno, Akihisa Mikami et al.                 IL-33 released by alum is responsible for early cytokine production and has adjuvant properties ▶     William A. Rose II, Angela J. Okragly, Chetan N. Patel et al.     Human vaccines have used aluminium-based adjuvants (alum) for >80 years despite incomplete understanding of how alum enhances the immune response. Alum can induce the release of …             TRIzol and Alu qPCR-based quantification of metastatic seeding within the skeleton ▶     J. Preston Campbell, P. Mulcrone, S. K. Masood et al.     Current methods for detecting disseminated tumor cells in the skeleton are limited by expense and technical complexity. We describe a simple and inexpensive method to quantify, …             Identification and characterization of the chromosomal yefM-yoeB toxin-antitoxin system of Streptococcus suis ▶     Chengkun Zheng, Jiali Xu, Sujing Ren et al.     Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widely prevalent in the genomes of bacteria and archaea. These modules have been identified in Escherichia coli and various other bacteria. …             Improved human visuomotor performance and pupil constriction after choline supplementation in a placebo-controlled double-blind study ▶     Marnix Naber, Bernhard Hommel, Lorenza S. Colzato     Only few nutrients are known to enhance cognition. Here we explore whether visuomotor performance can be improved through the intake of the nutrient choline, an essential …             Erratum: Structural conservation among the rhodopsin-like and other G protein-coupled receptors ▶     Mikitaka Kinoshita, Tetsuji Okada                 High-yield isolation of extracellular vesicles using aqueous two-phase system ▶     Hyunwoo Shin, Chungmin Han, Joseph M. Labuz et al.     Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes and microvesicles released from cells are potential biomarkers for blood-based diagnostic applications. To exploit EVs as diagnostic …             Novel microscopy-based screening method reveals regulators of contact-dependent intercellular transfer ▶     Dominik Michael Frei, Erlend Hodneland, Ivan Rios-Mondragon et al.     Contact-dependent intercellular transfer (codeIT) of cellular constituents can have functional consequences for recipient cells, such as enhanced survival and drug resistance. …             Evolutionary conservation analysis between the essential and nonessential genes in bacterial genomes ▶     Hao Luo, Feng Gao, Yan Lin     Essential genes are thought to be critical for the survival of the organisms under certain circumstances, and the natural selection acting on essential genes is expected to be …             Rapid and efficient genome-wide characterization of Xanthomonas TAL effector genes ▶     Yan-Hua Yu, Ye Lu, Yong-Qiang He et al.     Xanthomonas TALE transcriptional activators act as virulence or avirulence factors by activating host disease susceptibility or resistance genes. Their specificity is determined …             Derivation of a fifteen gene prognostic panel for six cancers ▶     Mamata F. Khirade, Girdhari Lal, Sharmila A. Bapat     The hallmarks of cancer deem biological pathways and molecules to be conserved. This approach may be useful for deriving a prognostic gene signature. Weighted Gene Co-expression …             Integrated analysis of miRNA/mRNA network in placenta identifies key factors associated with labor onset of Large White and Qingping sows ▶     Huanan Li, Bin Wu, Junnan Geng et al.     Labour onset is a very complex physiological process, and its mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we obtained the mRNA and miRNA expression profiles from the placentas of four …             Unique Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation by NAMPT/PBEF Induces NFκB Signaling and Inflammatory Lung Injury ▶     Sara M. Camp, Ermelinda Ceco, Carrie L. Evenoski et al.     Ventilator-induced inflammatory lung injury (VILI) is mechanistically linked to increased NAMPT transcription and circulating levels of nicotinamide phosphoribosyl-transferase …             Corrigendum: Long-term efficacy and safety of omalizumab in patients with persistent uncontrolled allergic asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Tianwen Lai, Shaobin Wang, Zhiwei Xu et al.                 Erratum: Differential immune mechanism to HIV-1 Tat variants and its regulation by AEA ▶     Gopinath Krishnan, Nivedita Chatterjee                 Geochemical influences and mercury methylation of a dental wastewater microbiome ▶     Asha Rani, Karl J. Rockne, James Drummond et al.     The microbiome of dental clinic wastewater and its impact on mercury methylation remains largely unknown. Waste generated during dental procedures enters the sewer system and …             The phospholipid-binding protein SESTD1 negatively regulates dendritic spine density by interfering with Rac1-Trio8 signaling pathway ▶     Cheng-Che Lee, Chiung-Chun Huang, Kuei-Sen Hsu     Dendritic spines are actin-rich protrusions from neuronal dendrites that harbor the majority of excitatory synapses. The balance of spine formation and retraction may influence …             UPRT, a suicide-gene therapy candidate in higher eukaryotes, is required for Drosophila larval growth and normal adult lifespan ▶     Arpan C. Ghosh, MaryJane Shimell, Emma R. Leof et al.     Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (UPRT) is a pyrimidine salvage pathway enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of uracil to uridine monophosphate (UMP). The enzyme is highly …             Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase dependent angiogenesis revealed by a bioengineered macrolide inhibitor ▶     Adam C. Mirando, Pengfei Fang, Tamara F. Williams et al.     Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) catalyze an early step in protein synthesis, but also regulate diverse physiological processes in animal cells. These include angiogenesis, and …             Feline lungworms unlock a novel mode of parasite transmission ▶     Vito Colella, Alessio Giannelli, Emanuele Brianti et al.     Snail-borne lungworms exert an enormous toll on the health and welfare of animals and humans. Of these parasites, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior affect …             Artificial biofilms establish the role of matrix interactions in staphylococcal biofilm assembly and disassembly ▶     Elizabeth J. Stewart, Mahesh Ganesan, John G. Younger et al.     We demonstrate that the microstructural and mechanical properties of bacterial biofilms can be created through colloidal self-assembly of cells and polymers, and thereby link the …             Stearic acid induces proinflammatory cytokine production partly through activation of lactate-HIF1α pathway in chondrocytes ▶     Hongming Miao, Liang Chen, Lijun Hao et al.     The biomechanics stress and chronic inflammation in obesity are causally linked to osteoarthritis. However, the metabolic factors mediating obesity-related osteoarthritis are …             Cell-free expression of functional receptor tyrosine kinases ▶     Wei He, Tiffany M. Scharadin, Matthew Saldana et al.     Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play critical roles in physiological and pathological processes, and are important anticancer drug targets. In vitro mechanistic and drug …             Lentiviral shRNA against KCa3.1 inhibits allergic response in allergic rhinitis and suppresses mast cell activity via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway ▶     Hai Lin, Chunquan Zheng, Jing Li et al.     Calcium-activated potassium ion channel-3.1 (KCa3.1) plays a pivotal role in the potassium-calcium exchange involved in atopy. This study aimed to explore the impact of …             Generation of monoclonal antibodies against MGA and comparison of their application in breast cancer detection by immunohistochemistry ▶     Cuimi Duan, Xiqin Yang, Xuhui Zhang et al.     Mammaglobin A (MGA) is an organ specific molecular biomarker for metastatic breast cancer diagnosis. However, there are still needs to develop optimal monoclonal antibodies …             Blocking Endogenous Leukemia Inhibitory Factor During Placental Development in Mice Leads to Abnormal Placentation and Pregnancy Loss ▶     Amy Winship, Jeanne Correia, Tara Krishnan et al.     The placenta forms the interface between the maternal and fetal circulation and is critical for the establishment of a healthy pregnancy. Specialized trophoblast cells derived …             The selective post-translational processing of transcription factor Nrf1 yields distinct isoforms that dictate its ability to differentially regulate gene expression ▶     Yiguo Zhang, Shaojun Li, Yuancai Xiang et al.     Upon translation, the N-terminal homology box 1 (NHB1) signal anchor sequence of Nrf1 integrates it within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) whilst its transactivation domains …             Triplex DNA: A new platform for polymerase chain reaction – based biosensor ▶     Yubin Li, Xiangmin Miao, Liansheng Ling     Non - specific PCR amplification and DNA contamination usually accompany with PCR process, to overcome these problems, here we establish a sensor for thrombin by sequence - …             The human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 protein antagonises an Imiquimod-induced inflammatory pathway in primary human keratinocytes ▶     Kathryn H. Richards, Christopher W. Wasson, Oliver Watherston et al.     High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the etiological pathogen of cervical and a number of ano-genital cancers. How HPVs overcome the significant barriers of the skin immune …             The immune adherence receptor CR1-like existed on porcine erythrocytes membrane ▶     Wei Yin, Jiaoyan Cui, Junbing Jiang et al.     In the present study, we obtain a mouse anti-porcine complement receptor type 1 (CR1)-like monoclonal antibody (McAb) and use this McAb to verify the existence of CR1-like …             An integrated system for identifying the hidden assassins in traditional medicines containing aristolochic acids ▶     Lan Wu, Wei Sun, Bo Wang et al.     Traditional herbal medicines adulterated and contaminated with plant materials from the Aristolochiaceae family, which contain aristolochic acids (AAs), cause aristolochic acid …             The immune adherence receptor CR1-like existed on porcine erythrocytes membrane ▶     Wei Yin, Jiaoyan Cui, Junbing Jiang et al.     In the present study, we obtain a mouse anti-porcine complement receptor type 1 (CR1)-like monoclonal antibody (McAb) and use this McAb to verify the existence of CR1-like …             A start codon mutation of the FRMD7 gene in two Korean families with idiopathic infantile nystagmus ▶     Jae-Hwan Choi, Jin-Hong Shin, Je Hyun Seo et al.     Idiopathic infantile nystagmus (IIN) is the involuntary oscillation of the eyes with onset in the first few months of life. The most common form of inheritance is X-linked, and …             The hormone-bound vitamin D receptor enhances the FBW7-dependent turnover of NF-κB subunits ▶     Fatemeh Fekrmandi, Tian-Tian Wang, John H. White     Signaling by hormonal vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) has attracted increasing interest because of its non-classical actions, particularly its putative anticancer …             Pharmacokinetics of a multicomponent herbal preparation in healthy Chinese and African volunteers ▶     Raphael N. Alolga, Yong Fan, Gang Zhang et al.     K-601 is an herbal formulation for influenza consisting of Lonicera japonica, Isatis indigotica, Rheum palmatum, Phellodendron chinense, and Scutellaria baicalensis. In this …             Discovery of Some Piperine-Based Phenylsulfonylhydrazone Derivatives as Potent Botanically Narcotic Agents ▶     Huan Qu, Min Lv, Xiang Yu et al.     By structural modification of piperine, some piperine-based phenylsulfonylhydrazone derivatives exhibited an unprecedented and potent narcotic activity against the oriental …             The Salmonella effector protein SifA plays a dual role in virulence ▶     Weidong Zhao, Thomas Moest, Yaya Zhao et al.     The virulence of Salmonella relies on the expression of effector proteins that the bacterium injects inside infected cells. Salmonella enters eukaryotic cells and resides in a …             Nutrition-dependent phenotypes affect sexual selection in a ladybird ▶     Jiaqin Xie, Patrick De Clercq, Yuhong Zhang et al.     Environmental factors play a crucial role in influencing sexual selection in insects and the evolution of their mating systems. Although it has been reported that sexual …             Difficidin and bacilysin from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens FZB42 have antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae rice pathogens ▶     Liming Wu, Huijun Wu, Lina Chen et al.     Bacterial blight and bacterial leaf streak are serious, economically damaging, diseases of rice caused by the bacteria Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and X. oryzae pv. oryzicola. …             Loss of NDRG2 enhanced activation of the NF-κB pathway by PTEN and NIK phosphorylation for ATL and other cancer development ▶     Tomonaga Ichikawa, Shingo Nakahata, Masahiro Fujii et al.     The activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling has a central role in the development of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and many other cancers. However, the …             A critical role of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and its’ in vivo ligands in radio-resistance ▶     Fu Gao, Chaoxiong Zhang, Chuanfeng Zhou et al.     The role of Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR2) in radio-resistance remained largely unknown. TLR2 knockout (TLR2−/−) mice received radiation of 6.5 Gy, and then were studied. We found …             Lys39-Lysophosphatidate Carbonyl Oxygen Interaction Locks LPA1 N-terminal Cap to the Orthosteric Site and partners Arg124 During Receptor Activation ▶     Olaposi I. Omotuyi, Jun Nagai, Hiroshi Ueda     Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor 1 (LPA1) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptors mediating the biological response to LPA species. Lack of detailed mechanism …             Changes to the dynamic nature of hemagglutinin and the emergence of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza virus ▶     Sun-Woo Yoon, Noam Chen, Mariette F. Ducatez et al.     The virologic factors that limit the transmission of swine influenza viruses between humans are unresolved. While it has been shown that acquisition of the neuraminidase (NA) and …             Curcumin analogues as selective fluorescence imaging probes for brown adipose tissue and monitoring browning ▶     Xueli Zhang, Yanli Tian, Hongbin Zhang et al.     Manipulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) can be promising new approaches to counter metabolic disorder diseases in humans. Imaging …             Copy number variations and gene polymorphisms of Complement components in ocular Behcet’s disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome ▶     Dengfeng Xu, Shengping Hou, Jun Zhang et al.     Complement is involved in many immune-mediated diseases. However, the association of its copy number variations (CNVs) and polymorphisms with Behcet’s disease (BD) and …             A highly stable minimally processed plant-derived recombinant acetylcholinesterase for nerve agent detection in adverse conditions ▶     Yvonne J. Rosenberg, Jeremy Walker, Xiaoming Jiang et al.     Although recent innovations in transient plant systems have enabled gram quantities of proteins in 1–2 weeks, very few have been translated into applications due to technical …             Elevated β-catenin pathway as a novel target for patients with resistance to EGF receptor targeting drugs ▶     Asuka Nakata, Ryo Yoshida, Rui Yamaguchi et al.     There is a high death rate of lung cancer patients. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are effective in some lung adenocarcinoma patients …             Extensive shift in placental transcriptome profile in preeclampsia and placental origin of adverse pregnancy outcomes ▶     Siim Sõber, Mario Reiman, Triin Kikas et al.     One in five pregnant women suffer from gestational complications, prevalently driven by placental malfunction. Using RNASeq, we analyzed differential placental gene expression in …             Symmetry warrants rational cooperation by co-action in Social Dilemmas ▶     V. Sasidevan, Sitabhra Sinha     Is it rational for selfish individuals to cooperate? The conventional answer based on analysis of games such as the Prisoners Dilemma (PD) is that it is not, even though mutual …             Progeny Clustering: A Method to Identify Biological Phenotypes ▶     Chenyue W. Hu, Steven M. Kornblau, John H. Slater et al.     Estimating the optimal number of clusters is a major challenge in applying cluster analysis to any type of dataset, especially to biomedical datasets, which are high-dimensional …             Effects of ECM protein micropatterns on the migration and differentiation of adult neural stem cells ▶     Sunghoon Joo, Joo Yeon Kim, Eunsoo Lee et al.     The migration and differentiation of adult neural stem cells (aNSCs) are believed to be strongly influenced by the spatial distribution of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in …             Pathway analysis of body mass index genome-wide association study highlights risk pathways in cardiovascular disease ▶     Xin Zhao, Jinxia Gu, Ming Li et al.     Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. It is reported that body mass index (BMI) is risk factor for CVD. Genome-wide …             Design of substrate-based BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors using the cyclotide scaffold ▶     Yen-Hua Huang, Sónia T. Henriques, Conan K. Wang et al.     The constitutively active tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL is the underlying cause of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Current CML treatments rely on the long-term use of tyrosine kinase …             Robustness and period sensitivity analysis of minimal models for biochemical oscillators ▶     Angélica Caicedo-Casso, Hye-Won Kang, Sookkyung Lim et al.     Biological systems exhibit numerous oscillatory behaviors from calcium oscillations to circadian rhythms that recur daily. These autonomous oscillators contain complex feedbacks …             ESEA: Discovering the Dysregulated Pathways based on Edge Set Enrichment Analysis ▶     Junwei Han, Xinrui Shi, Yunpeng Zhang et al.     Pathway analyses are playing an increasingly important role in understanding biological mechanism, cellular function and disease states. Current pathway-identification methods …             The equal effectiveness of different defensive strategies ▶     Shuang Zhang, Yuxin Zhang, Keming Ma     Plants have evolved a variety of defensive strategies to resist herbivory, but at the interspecific level, the relative effectiveness of these strategies has been poorly …             Flexibility and extracellular opening determine the interaction between ligands and insect sulfakinin receptors ▶     Na Yu, Moises João Zotti, Freja Scheys et al.     Despite their fundamental importance for growth, the mechanisms that regulate food intake are poorly understood. Our previous work demonstrated that insect sulfakinin (SK) …             Two single amino acid substitutions in the intervening region of Newcastle disease virus HN protein attenuate viral replication and pathogenicity ▶     Bin Liu, Yanhong Ji, Zhongqing Lin et al.     Among the proteins encoded by Newcastle disease virus (NDV), the attachment protein (HN) is an important determinant of virulence and pathogenicity. HN has been molecularly …             Lung Cancer Onset in Wild Type Mice Following Bone Marrow Reconstitution with krasv12 Cells ▶     Elena Belloni, Ines Martin Padura, Elvira Gerbino et al.     A role for bone-marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) in tissue repair and malignancy onset has been proposed, but their contribution is still debated. We tested the ability of BMDCs …             Paths and determinants for Penicillium janthinellum to resist low and high copper ▶     Jian Xu, Guo-Li Chen, Xue-Zhe Sun et al.     Copper (Cu) tolerance was well understood in fungi yeasts but not in filamentous fungi. Filamentous fungi are eukaryotes but unlike eukaryotic fungi yeasts, which are a …             A conserved histidine in switch-II of EF-G moderates release of inorganic phosphate ▶     Ravi Kiran Koripella, Mikael Holm, Daniel Dourado et al.     Elongation factor G (EF-G), a translational GTPase responsible for tRNA-mRNA translocation possesses a conserved histidine (H91 in Escherichia coli) at the apex of switch-II, …             Asymmetrical diacylglycerol dynamics on the cytosolic and lumenal sides of a single endomembrane in living cells ▶     Yoshibumi Ueda, Hideo Ogiso, Moritoshi Sato et al.     The elucidation of lipid dynamics on the cytosolic and lumenal sides of a single endomembrane has been challenging in living cells because of the lack of appropriate methods. …             Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 silencing inhibits tumor growth and lung metastasis in osteosarcoma ▶     Yang-Fan Lv, Guang-Ning Yan, Gang Meng et al.     The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) methyltransferase is the catalytic subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which acts as a transcription repressor via the …             Monitoring microbial metabolites using an inductively coupled resonance circuit ▶     Daniil Karnaushenko, Larysa Baraban, Dan Ye et al.     We present a new approach to monitor microbial population dynamics in emulsion droplets via changes in metabolite composition, using an inductively coupled LC resonance circuit. …             Quadruplex-and-Mg2+ Connection (QMC) of DNA ▶     Besik Kankia     This work highlights a novel method of coupling of nucleic acids through formation of an extraordinary stable, specific and fully reversible quadruplex-and-Mg2+ connection (QMC). …             Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses identify a role for chlorophyll catabolism and phytoalexin during Medicago nonhost resistance against Asian soybean rust ▶     Yasuhiro Ishiga, Srinivasa Rao Uppalapati, Upinder S. Gill et al.     Asian soybean rust (ASR) caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi is a devastating foliar disease affecting soybean production worldwide. Understanding nonhost resistance against ASR may …             In vitro degradation of pure Mg in response to glucose ▶     Rong-Chang Zeng, Xiao-Ting Li, Shuo-Qi Li et al.     Magnesium and its alloys are promising biodegradable biomaterials but are still challenging to be used in person with high levels of blood glucose or diabetes. To date, the …             Stability of HIB-Cul3 E3 ligase adaptor HIB Is Regulated by Self-degradation and Availability of Its Substrates ▶     Zizhang Zhou, Congyu Xu, Ping Chen et al.     The HIB-Cul3 complex E3 ligase regulates physiological homeostasis through regulating its substrate stability and its activity can be modulated by changing HIB abundance. …             Variable alterations of the microbiota, without metabolic or immunological change, following faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with chronic pouchitis ▶     J. Landy, A. W. Walker, J. V. Li et al.     Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection, where efficacy correlates with changes in microbiota diversity and …             Cold plasma treatment enhances oilseed rape seed germination under drought stress ▶     Li Ling, Li Jiangang, Shen Minchong et al.     Effects of cold plasma treatment on seed germination, seedling growth, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation levels and osmotic-adjustment products of oilseed rape under …             Inhibition of ZEB1 expression induces redifferentiation of adult human β cells expanded in vitro ▶     Elad Sintov, Gili Nathan, Sarah Knoller et al.     In-vitro expansion of functional adult human β-cells is an attractive approach for generating insulin-producing cells for transplantation. However, human islet cell expansion in …             Deletion of the tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 in Sertoli cells causes infertility in mice ▶     Xiaopeng Hu, Zhenzhou Tang, Yang Li et al.     The male’s ability to reproduce is completely dependent on Sertoli cells. However, the mechanisms governing the functional integrity of Sertoli cells have remained largely …             Rhus coriaria induces senescence and autophagic cell death in breast cancer cells through a mechanism involving p38 and ERK1/2 activation ▶     Hussain El Hasasna, Khawlah Athamneh, Halima Al Samri et al.     Here, we investigated the anticancer effect of Rhus coriaria on three breast cancer cell lines. We demonstrated that Rhus coriaria ethanolic extract (RCE) inhibits the …             Genetic data from algae sedimentary DNA reflect the influence of environment over geography ▶     Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring, Ulrike Herzschuh, Luidmila A. Pestryakova et al.     Genetic investigations on eukaryotic plankton confirmed the existence of modern biogeographic patterns, but analyses of palaeoecological data exploring the temporal variability …             Splenic red pulp macrophages are intrinsically superparamagnetic and contaminate magnetic cell isolates ▶     Lars Franken, Marika Klein, Marina Spasova et al.     A main function of splenic red pulp macrophages is the degradation of damaged or aged erythrocytes. Here we show that these macrophages accumulate ferrimagnetic iron oxides that …             Purifying Cytokinetic Cells from an Asynchronous Population ▶     Einat Panet, Efrat Ozer, Tal Mashriki et al.     Cytokinesis is an intensively studied process by which the cell cytoplasm divides to produce two daughter cells. Like any other aspect of cell cycle research, the study of …             Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Struck Migratory Birds in China in 2015 ▶     Yuhai Bi, Zhenjie Zhang, Wenjun Liu et al.     Approximately 100 migratory birds, including whooper swans and pochards, were found dead in the Sanmenxia Reservoir Area of China during January 2015. The causative agent behind …             Metabolic engineering of Escherichia coli for the production of 1,3-diaminopropane, a three carbon diamine ▶     Tong Un Chae, Won Jun Kim, Sol Choi et al.     Bio-based production of chemicals from renewable resources is becoming increasingly important for sustainable chemical industry. In this study, Escherichia coli was metabolically …             Integrated miRNA-mRNA analysis in the habenula nuclei of mice intravenously self-administering nicotine ▶     Sangjoon Lee, Jiwan Woo, Yong Sik Kim et al.     A considerable amount of evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in the neuroadaptation of drug addiction. Habenula (Hb), one of the critical brain regions …             Glutathione Decrement Drives Thermogenic Program In Adipose Cells ▶     Daniele Lettieri Barbato, Giuseppe Tatulli, Stefano Maria Cannata et al.     Adipose tissue metabolically adapts to external stimuli. We demonstrate that the induction of the thermogenic program in white adipocytes, through cold exposure in mice or in …             Identification of key neoculin residues responsible for the binding and activation of the sweet taste receptor ▶     Taichi Koizumi, Tohru Terada, Ken-ichiro Nakajima et al.     Neoculin (NCL) is a heterodimeric protein isolated from the edible fruit of Curculigo latifolia. It exerts a taste-modifying activity by converting sourness to sweetness. We …             Dynamic markers based on blood perfusion fluctuations for selecting skin melanocytic lesions for biopsy ▶     Gemma Lancaster, Aneta Stefanovska, Margherita Pesce et al.     Skin malignant melanoma is a highly angiogenic cancer, necessitating early diagnosis for positive prognosis. The current diagnostic standard of biopsy and histological …             miR-744 enhances type I interferon signaling pathway by targeting PTP1B in primary human renal mesangial cells ▶     Xiaoyan Zhang, Xiao Han, Yuanjia Tang et al.     Renal mesangial cells (RMCs) constitute a population of cells in glomerular mesangium. Inflammatory cytokines produced by RMCs play a vital role in renal inflammation. miRNAs are …             Subcellular and Dynamic Coordination between Src Activity and Cell Protrusion in Microenvironment ▶     Yue Zhuo, Tongcheng Qian, Yiqian Wu et al.     Migration of endothelial cells is essential for wound healing and angiogenesis. Src kinase activity plays important roles at the protrusions of migrating endothelial cells. …             A time-course study of long term over-expression of ARR19 in mice ▶     Imteyaz Qamar, Mohammad Faiz Ahmad, Arul Narayanasamy     A leucine-rich protein, ARR19 (androgen receptor corepressor-19 kDa), is highly expressed in male reproductive organs and moderately in others. Previously, we have reported that …             Allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells inhibited T follicular helper cell generation in rheumatoid arthritis ▶     Rui Liu, Xia Li, Zhuoya Zhang et al.     T follicular helper (Tfh) cells provide help for antigen-specific B cells. We have previously shown that Tfh cell frequency was increased and associated with auto-antibodies in …             A “footprint” of plant carbon fixation cycle functions during the development of a heterotrophic fungus ▶     Xueliang Lyu, Cuicui Shen, Jiatao Xie et al.     Carbon fixation pathway of plants (CFPP) in photosynthesis converts solar energy to biomass, bio-products and biofuel. Intriguingly, a large number of heterotrophic fungi also …             An advanced draft genome assembly of a desi type chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) ▶     Sabiha Parween, Kashif Nawaz, Riti Roy et al.     Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important pulse legume crop. We previously reported a draft genome assembly of the desi chickpea cultivar ICC 4958. Here we report an advanced …             Human GPR42 is a transcribed multisite variant that exhibits copy number polymorphism and is functional when heterologously expressed ▶     Henry L. Puhl III, Yu-Jin Won, Van B. Lu et al.     FFAR3 (GPR41) is a G-protein coupled receptor for which short-chain fatty acids serve as endogenous ligands. The receptor is found on gut enteroendocrine L-cells, pancreatic …             The antioxidant compound tert-butylhydroquinone activates Akt in myocardium, suppresses apoptosis and ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction ▶     Yongtao Zhang, Fang Fang Liu, Xiaolei Bi et al.     Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is an antioxidant compound which shows multiple cytoprotective actions. We evaluated the effects of TBHQ on pathological cardiac remodeling and …             High ROR2 expression in tumor cells and stroma is correlated with poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ▶     Jianfei Huang, Xiangjun Fan, Xudong Wang et al.     RTK-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) is overexpressed in several cancers and has tumorigenic activity. However, the expression of ROR2 and its functional and prognostic significance …             Fluorogenic Assay for Inhibitors of HIV-1 Protease with Sub-picomolar Affinity ▶     Ian W. Windsor, Ronald T. Raines     A fluorogenic substrate for HIV-1 protease was designed and used as the basis for a hypersensitive assay. The substrate exhibits a kcat of 7.4 s−1, KM of 15 μM, and an increase …             Subsurface pressure profiling: a novel mathematical paradigm for computing colony pressures on substrate during fungal infections ▶     Subir Patra, Sourav Banerjee, Gabriel Terejanu et al.     Colony expansion is an essential feature of fungal infections. Although mechanisms that regulate hyphal forces on the substrate during expansion have been reported previously, …             Zipf’s law holds for phrases, not words ▶     Jake Ryland Williams, Paul R. Lessard, Suma Desu et al.     With Zipf’s law being originally and most famously observed for word frequency, it is surprisingly limited in its applicability to human language, holding over no more than three …             The Effects of Combined Treatment with Naringin and Treadmill Exercise on Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats ▶     Xiaolei SUN, LI Fengbo, MA Xinlong et al.     Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and progressive destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increased the risk of fracture. Previous studies have …             Human iPSC derived disease model of MERTK-associated retinitis pigmentosa ▶     Dunja Lukovic, Ana Artero Castro, Ana Belen Garcia Delgado et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) represents a genetically heterogeneous group of retinal dystrophies affecting mainly the rod photoreceptors and in some instances also the retinal …                     Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Stabilisation of Fe2O3-rich Perovskite Nanophase in Epitaxial Rare-earth Doped BiFeO3 Films ▶     Huairuo Zhang, Ian M. Reaney, Daniel M. Marincel et al.     Researchers have demonstrated that BiFeO3 exhibits ferroelectric hysteresis but none have shown a strong ferromagnetic response in either bulk or thin film without significant …             Microfluidic-based fabrication, characterization and magnetic functionalization of microparticles with novel internal anisotropic structure ▶     Yang Qiu, Fei Wang, Ying-Mei Liu et al.     Easy fabrication and independent control of the internal and external morphologies of core-shell microparticles still remain challenging. Core-shell microparticle comprised of a …             Tailoring the strength and porosity of rapid-hardening magnesia phosphate paste via the pre-foaming method ▶     Li-Jie Liu, Jin-Hong Li, Xiang Wang et al.     High-porosity magnesia phosphate paste (HPMPP) was prepared via the pre-foaming method. In the pre-foaming method, sintering treatment was not required. The bulk density and …             An integrated system for identifying the hidden assassins in traditional medicines containing aristolochic acids ▶     Lan Wu, Wei Sun, Bo Wang et al.     Traditional herbal medicines adulterated and contaminated with plant materials from the Aristolochiaceae family, which contain aristolochic acids (AAs), cause aristolochic acid …             Nanocontact Disorder in Nanoelectronics for Modulation of Light and Gas Sensitivities ▶     Yen-Fu Lin, Chia-Hung Chang, Tsu-Chang Hung et al.     To fabricate reliable nanoelectronics, whether by top-down or bottom-up processes, it is necessary to study the electrical properties of nanocontacts. The effect of nanocontact …             Multifunctional luminescent nanomaterials from NaLa(MoO4)2:Eu3+/Tb3+ with tunable decay lifetimes, emission colors, and enhanced cell viability ▶     Mei Yang, Youlong Liang, Qingyuan Gui et al.     A facile, but effective, method has been developed for large-scale preparation of NaLa(MoO4)2 nanorods and microflowers co-doped with Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions (abbreviated as: NLM:Ln3+…             UV-responsive nano-sponge for oil absorption and desorption ▶     Do Hyun Kim, Min Chan Jung, So-Hye Cho et al.     Controlled surface wettability for oil has been intensively studied to remove industrial oil waste or oil spill pollution from seas or rivers. In particular, external …             N Doping to ZnO Nanorods for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting under Visible Light: Engineered Impurity Distribution and Terraced Band Structure ▶     Meng Wang, Feng Ren, Jigang Zhou et al.     Solution-based ZnO nanorod arrays (NRAs) were modified with controlled N doping by an advanced ion implantation method, and were subsequently utilized as photoanodes for …             Fluorogenic Assay for Inhibitors of HIV-1 Protease with Sub-picomolar Affinity ▶     Ian W. Windsor, Ronald T. Raines     A fluorogenic substrate for HIV-1 protease was designed and used as the basis for a hypersensitive assay. The substrate exhibits a kcat of 7.4 s−1, KM of 15 μM, and an increase …             Enhanced thermal properties of novel shape-stabilized PEG composite phase change materials with radial mesoporous silica sphere for thermal energy storage ▶     Xin Min, Minghao Fang, Zhaohui Huang et al.     Radial mesoporous silica (RMS) sphere was tailor-made for further applications in producing shape-stabilized composite phase change materials (ss-CPCMs) through a facile …             Coagulation of β-conglycinin, glycinin and isoflavones induced by calcium chloride in soymilk ▶     Yu-Hsuan Hsiao, Chia-Jung Yu, Wen-Tai Li et al.     The coagulation of β-conglycinin (7S), glycinin (11S) and isoflavones induced by calcium chloride was investigated. Approximately 92.6% of the soymilk proteins were coagulated …                 A new online, open access journal publishing high quality research into the neurobiology of learning in experimental conditions and in an educational environment. Published by Nature Publishing Group in partnership with The University of Queensland, Australia Learn more at http://www.nature.com/npjscilearn         Physical Sciences ▲ top               Application of Hybrid Fillers for Improving the Through-Plane Heat Transport in Graphite Nanoplatelet-Based Thermal Interface Layers ▶     Xiaojuan Tian, Mikhail E. Itkis, Robert C. Haddon     The in-plane alignment of graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) in thin thermal interface material (TIM) layers suppresses the though-plane heat transport thus limiting the performance …             Junction formation and current transport mechanisms in hybrid n-Si/PEDOT:PSS solar cells ▶     Sara Jäckle, Matthias Mattiza, Martin Liebhaber et al.     We investigated hybrid inorganic-organic solar cells combining monocrystalline n-type silicon (n-Si) and a highly conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene …             Experimental realization of spatially separated entanglement with continuous variables using laser pulse trains ▶     Yun Zhang, Ryuhi Okubo, Mayumi Hirano et al.     Spatially separated entanglement is demonstrated by interfering two high-repetition squeezed pulse trains. The entanglement correlation of the quadrature amplitudes between …             Crack formation and prevention in colloidal drops ▶     Jin Young Kim, Kun Cho, Seul-a Ryu et al.     Crack formation is a frequent result of residual stress release from colloidal films made by the evaporation of colloidal droplets containing nanoparticles. Crack prevention is a …             The growth scale and kinetics of WS2 monolayers under varying H2 concentration ▶     Kyung Nam Kang, Kyle Godin, Eui-Hyeok Yang     The optical and electronic properties of tungsten disulfide monolayers (WS2) have been extensively studied in the last few years, yet growth techniques for WS2 remain behind …             Improving the accuracy of the k-shell method by removing redundant links: From a perspective of spreading dynamics ▶     Ying Liu, Ming Tang, Tao Zhou et al.     Recent study shows that the accuracy of the k-shell method in determining node coreness in a spreading process is largely impacted due to the existence of core-like group, which …             Theoretical Study of Large-Angle Bending Transport of Microparticles by 2D Acoustic Half-Bessel Beams ▶     Yixiang Li, Chunyin Qiu, Shengjun Xu et al.     Conventional microparticle transports by light or sound are realized along a straight line. Recently, this limit has been overcome in optics as the growing up of the …             Quantum Simulator for Transport Phenomena in Fluid Flows ▶     A. Mezzacapo, M. Sanz, L. Lamata et al.     Transport phenomena still stand as one of the most challenging problems in computational physics. By exploiting the analogies between Dirac and lattice Boltzmann equations, we …             Single-photon decision maker ▶     Makoto Naruse, Martin Berthel, Aurélien Drezet et al.     Decision making is critical in our daily lives and for society in general and is finding evermore practical applications in information and communication technologies. Herein, we …             A scenario for magnonic spin-wave traps ▶     Frederik Busse, Maria Mansurova, Benjamin Lenk et al.     Spatially resolved measurements of the magnetization dynamics on a thin CoFeB film induced by an intense laser pump-pulse reveal that the frequencies of resulting spin-wave modes …             Hierarchical Co-based Porous Layered Double Hydroxide Arrays Derived via Alkali Etching for High-performance Supercapacitors ▶     Nasser Abushrenta, Xiaochao Wu, Junnan Wang et al.     Hierarchical nanoarchitecture and porous structure can both provide advantages for improving the electrochemical performance in energy storage electrodes. Here we report a novel …             R2O3 (R=La, Y) modified erbium activated germanate glasses for mid-infrared 2.7 μm laser materials ▶     Muzhi Cai, Beier Zhou, Fengchao Wang et al.     Er3+ activated germanate glasses modified by La2O3 and Y2O3 with good thermal stability were prepared. 2.7 μm fluorescence was observed and corresponding radiative properties …             Fullerene-Structured MoSe2 Hollow Spheres Anchored on Highly Nitrogen-Doped Graphene as a Conductive Catalyst for Photovoltaic Applications ▶     Enbing Bi, Han Chen, Xudong Yang et al.     A conductive catalyst composed of fullerene-structured MoSe2 hollow spheres and highly nitrogen-doped graphene (HNG-MoSe2) was successfully synthesized via a wet chemical …             Bacterial floc mediated rapid streamer formation in creeping flows ▶     Mahtab Hassanpourfard, Zahra Nikakhtari, Ranajay Ghosh et al.     One of the central puzzles concerning the interaction of low Reynolds number fluid transport with bacterial biomass is the formation of filamentous structures called streamers. …             Generation of Subwavelength Plasmonic Nanovortices via Helically Corrugated Metallic Nanowires ▶     Changming Huang, Xianfeng Chen, Abiola O. Oladipo et al.     We demonstrate that plasmonic helical gratings consisting of metallic nanowires imprinted with helical grooves or ridges can be used efficiently to generate plasmonic vortices …             Separability criteria via sets of mutually unbiased measurements ▶     Lu Liu, Ting Gao, Fengli Yan     Mutually unbiased measurements (MUMs) are generalized from the concept of mutually unbiased bases (MUBs) and include the complete set of MUBs as a special case, but they are …             Nano-encapsulated PCM via Pickering Emulsification ▶     Xuezhen Wang, Lecheng Zhang, Yi-Hsien Yu et al.     We designed a two-step Pickering emulsification procedure to create nano-encapsulated phase changing materials (NEPCMs) using a method whose simplicity and low energy consumption …             Moiré induced organization of size-selected Pt clusters soft landed on epitaxial graphene ▶     Sébastien Linas, Fabien Jean, Tao Zhou et al.     Two-dimensional hexagonal arrays of Pt nanoparticles (1.5 nm diameter) have been obtained by deposition of preformed and size selected Pt nanoparticles on graphene. This original …             Quantitative analysis of magnetic spin and orbital moments from an oxidized iron (1 1 0) surface using electron magnetic circular dichroism ▶     Thomas Thersleff, Jan Rusz, Stefano Rubino et al.     Understanding the ramifications of reduced crystalline symmetry on magnetic behavior is a critical step in improving our understanding of nanoscale and interfacial magnetism. …             Corrigendum: Resonantly excited precession motion of three-dimensional vortex core in magnetic nanospheres ▶     Sang-Koog Kim, Myoung-Woo Yoo, Jehyun Lee et al.                 Duration of an intense laser pulse can determine the breakage of multiple chemical bonds ▶     Xinhua Xie, Erik Lötstedt, Stefan Roither et al.     Control over the breakage of a certain chemical bond in a molecule by an ultrashort laser pulse has been considered for decades. With the availability of intense non-resonant …             Hybrid quantum gates between flying photon and diamond nitrogen-vacancy centers assisted by optical microcavities ▶     Hai-Rui Wei, Gui Lu Long     Hybrid quantum gates hold great promise for quantum information processing since they preserve the advantages of different quantum systems. Here we present compact quantum …             Optimal GHZ Paradox for Three Qubits ▶     Changliang Ren, Hong-Yi Su, Zhen-Peng Xu et al.     Quatum nonlocality as a valuable resource is of vital importance in quantum information processing. The characterization of the resource has been extensively investigated mainly …             Transmitting information of an object behind the obstacle to infinity ▶     Bai Bing Xu, Wei Xiang Jiang, Ling Ling Meng et al.     We propose an illusion device that transforms a metallic cylinder into a Luneburg lens by using transformation optics. Such a transformed focusing lens guides electromagnetic …             Stabilisation of Fe2O3-rich Perovskite Nanophase in Epitaxial Rare-earth Doped BiFeO3 Films ▶     Huairuo Zhang, Ian M. Reaney, Daniel M. Marincel et al.     Researchers have demonstrated that BiFeO3 exhibits ferroelectric hysteresis but none have shown a strong ferromagnetic response in either bulk or thin film without significant …             Photonic ququart logic assisted by the cavity-QED system ▶     Ming-Xing Luo, Yun Deng, Hui-Ran Li et al.     Universal quantum logic gates are important elements for a quantum computer. In contrast to previous constructions of qubit systems, we investigate the possibility of ququart …             Dirac directional emission in anisotropic zero refractive index photonic crystals ▶     Xin-Tao He, Yao-Nan Zhong, You Zhou et al.     A certain class of photonic crystals with conical dispersion is known to behave as isotropic zero-refractive-index medium. However, the discrete building blocks in such photonic …             Direct probing of contact electrification by using optical second harmonic generation technique ▶     Xiangyu Chen, Dai Taguchi, Takaaki Manaka et al.     Contact electrification between two different materials is one of the oldest fields of study in solid-state physics. Here, we introduced an innovative system based on optical …             Large single crystal growth, transport property, and spectroscopic characterizations of three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 ▶     R. Sankar, M. Neupane, S.-Y. Xu et al.     The three dimensional (3D) Dirac semimetal is a new quantum state of matter that has attracted much attention recently in physics and material science. Here, we report on the …             Tunable terahertz fishnet metamaterials based on thin nematic liquid crystal layers for fast switching ▶     Dimitrios C. Zografopoulos, Romeo Beccherelli     The electrically tunable properties of liquid-crystal fishnet metamaterials are theoretically investigated in the terahertz spectrum. A nematic liquid crystal layer is introduced …             A learnable parallel processing architecture towards unity of memory and computing ▶     H. Li, B. Gao, Z. Chen et al.     Developing energy-efficient parallel information processing systems beyond von Neumann architecture is a long-standing goal of modern information technologies. The widely used …             Label-Free Biosensing with High Selectivity in Complex Media using Microtoroidal Optical Resonators ▶     Erol Ozgur, Pelin Toren, Ozan Aktas et al.     Although label-free biosensors comprised of optical microcavities inherently possess the capability of resolving molecular interactions at individual level, this extreme …             Strong textured SmCo5 nanoflakes with ultrahigh coercivity prepared by multistep (three steps) surfactant-assisted ball milling ▶     Wen-Liang Zuo, Xin Zhao, Jie-Fu Xiong et al.     The high coercivity of 26.2 kOe for SmCo5 nanoflakes are obtained by multistep (three steps) surfactant-assisted ball milling. The magnetic properties, phase structure and …             Sub-0.5 V Highly Stable Aqueous Salt Gated Metal Oxide Electronics ▶     Sungjun Park, SeYeong Lee, Chang-Hyun Kim et al.     Recently, growing interest in implantable bionics and biochemical sensors spurred the research for developing non-conventional electronics with excellent device characteristics …             Artificial biofilms establish the role of matrix interactions in staphylococcal biofilm assembly and disassembly ▶     Elizabeth J. Stewart, Mahesh Ganesan, John G. Younger et al.     We demonstrate that the microstructural and mechanical properties of bacterial biofilms can be created through colloidal self-assembly of cells and polymers, and thereby link the …             High-yield isolation of extracellular vesicles using aqueous two-phase system ▶     Hyunwoo Shin, Chungmin Han, Joseph M. Labuz et al.     Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes and microvesicles released from cells are potential biomarkers for blood-based diagnostic applications. To exploit EVs as diagnostic …             Microfluidic-based fabrication, characterization and magnetic functionalization of microparticles with novel internal anisotropic structure ▶     Yang Qiu, Fei Wang, Ying-Mei Liu et al.     Easy fabrication and independent control of the internal and external morphologies of core-shell microparticles still remain challenging. Core-shell microparticle comprised of a …             Spatial correlations and optical properties in three-dimensional deterministic aperiodic structures ▶     Michael Renner, Georg von Freymann     Photonic systems have strongly varying optical properties depending on the spatial correlations present in a given realization. In photonic crystals the correlations are …             Tailoring the strength and porosity of rapid-hardening magnesia phosphate paste via the pre-foaming method ▶     Li-Jie Liu, Jin-Hong Li, Xiang Wang et al.     High-porosity magnesia phosphate paste (HPMPP) was prepared via the pre-foaming method. In the pre-foaming method, sintering treatment was not required. The bulk density and …             Hydrogen reverses the clustering tendency of carbon in amorphous silicon oxycarbide ▶     Hepeng Ding, Michael J. Demkowicz     Amorphous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) is of great technological interest. However, its atomic-level structure is not well understood. Using density functional theory calculations, …             High resolution skin-like sensor capable of sensing and visualizing various sensations and three dimensional shape ▶     Tianbai Xu, Wenbo Wang, Xiaolei Bian et al.     Human skin contains multiple receptors, and is able to sense various stimuli such as temperature, pressure, force, corrosion etc, and to feel pains and the shape of objects. The …             Ferroelectricity driven magnetism at domain walls in LaAlO3/PbTiO3 superlattices ▶     P. X. Zhou, S. Dong, H. M. Liu et al.     Charge dipole moment and spin moment rarely coexist in single-phase bulk materials except in some multiferroics. Despite the progress in the past decade, for most multiferroics …             Chain-like structure elements in Ni40Ta60 metallic glasses observed by scanning tunneling microscopy ▶     Rémy Pawlak, Laurent Marot, Ali Sadeghi et al.     The structure of metallic glasses is a long-standing question because the lack of long-range order makes diffraction based techniques difficult to be applied. Here, we used …             Improve oxidation resistance at high temperature by nanocrystalline surface layer ▶     Z. X. Xia, C. Zhang, X. F. Huang et al.     An interesting change of scale sequence occurred during oxidation of nanocrystalline surface layer by means of a surface mechanical attrition treatment. The three-layer oxide …             Formation of broadband antireflective and superhydrophilic subwavelength structures on fused silica using one-step self-masking reactive ion etching ▶     Xin Ye, Xiaodong Jiang, Jin Huang et al.     Fused silica subwavelength structures (SWSs) with an average period of ~100 nm were fabricated using an efficient approach based on one-step self-masking reactive ion etching. …             Contribution of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to the fouling of ultrafiltration with coagulation pre-treatment ▶     Wenzheng Yu, Lei Xu, Nigel Graham et al.     A coagulation (FeCl3)-ultrafiltration process was used to treat two different raw waters with/without the presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticle contaminants. The existence of Fe3O4 …             An integrated system for identifying the hidden assassins in traditional medicines containing aristolochic acids ▶     Lan Wu, Wei Sun, Bo Wang et al.     Traditional herbal medicines adulterated and contaminated with plant materials from the Aristolochiaceae family, which contain aristolochic acids (AAs), cause aristolochic acid …             Silver Nanorods Wrapped with Ultrathin Al2O3 Layers Exhibiting Excellent SERS Sensitivity and Outstanding SERS Stability ▶     Lingwei Ma, Yu Huang, Mengjing Hou et al.     Silver nanostructures have been considered as promising substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with extremely high sensitivity. The applications, however, are …             Unexpected observation of spatially separated Kondo scattering and ferromagnetism in Ta alloyed anatase TiO2 thin films ▶     T. P. Sarkar, K. Gopinadhan, M. Motapothula et al.     We report the observation of spatially separated Kondo scattering and ferromagnetism in anatase Ta0.06Ti0.94O2 thin films as a function of thickness (10–200 nm). The Kondo …             Combination of Universal Mechanical Testing Machine with Atomic Force Microscope for Materials Research ▶     Jian Zhong, Dannong He     Surface deformation and fracture processes of materials under external force are important for understanding and developing materials. Here, a combined horizontal universal …             Hydrogen segregation and its roles in structural stability and metallization: silane under pressure ▶     Wenwen Cui, Jingming Shi, Hanyu Liu et al.     We present results from first-principles calculations on silane (SiH4) under pressure. We find that a three dimensional P-3 structure becomes the most stable phase above 241 GPa. …             Bioinspired photonic structures by the reflector layer of firefly lantern for highly efficient chemiluminescence ▶     Linfeng Chen, Xiaodi Shi, Mingzhu Li et al.     Fireflies have drawn considerable attention for thousands of years due to their highly efficient bioluminescence, which is important for fundamental research and photonic …             Free and bound excitonic effects in Al0.5Ga0.5N/Al0.35Ga0.65N MQWs with different Si-doping levels in the well layers ▶     Chenguang He, Zhixin Qin, Fujun Xu et al.     Free exciton (FX) and bound exciton (BX) in Al0.5Ga0.5N/Al0.35Ga0.65N multiple quantum wells (MQWs) with different Si-doping levels in the well layers are investigated by …             Tomographic reconstruction of ionospheric electron density during the storm of 5-6 August 2011 using multi-source data ▶     Jun Tang, Yibin Yao, Liang Zhang et al.     The insufficiency of data is the essential reason for ill-posed problem existed in computerized ionospheric tomography (CIT) technique. Therefore, the method of integrating …             Anomalous High-Energy Waterfall-Like Electronic Structure in 5 d Transition Metal Oxide Sr2IrO4 with a Strong Spin-Orbit Coupling ▶     Yan Liu, Li Yu, Xiaowen Jia et al.     The low energy electronic structure of Sr2IrO4 has been well studied and understood in terms of an effective Jeff = 1/2 Mott insulator model. However, little work has been done …             In vitro degradation of pure Mg in response to glucose ▶     Rong-Chang Zeng, Xiao-Ting Li, Shuo-Qi Li et al.     Magnesium and its alloys are promising biodegradable biomaterials but are still challenging to be used in person with high levels of blood glucose or diabetes. To date, the …             Cold plasma treatment enhances oilseed rape seed germination under drought stress ▶     Li Ling, Li Jiangang, Shen Minchong et al.     Effects of cold plasma treatment on seed germination, seedling growth, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation levels and osmotic-adjustment products of oilseed rape under …             Monitoring microbial metabolites using an inductively coupled resonance circuit ▶     Daniil Karnaushenko, Larysa Baraban, Dan Ye et al.     We present a new approach to monitor microbial population dynamics in emulsion droplets via changes in metabolite composition, using an inductively coupled LC resonance circuit. …             UV-responsive nano-sponge for oil absorption and desorption ▶     Do Hyun Kim, Min Chan Jung, So-Hye Cho et al.     Controlled surface wettability for oil has been intensively studied to remove industrial oil waste or oil spill pollution from seas or rivers. In particular, external …             Multifunctional luminescent nanomaterials from NaLa(MoO4)2:Eu3+/Tb3+ with tunable decay lifetimes, emission colors, and enhanced cell viability ▶     Mei Yang, Youlong Liang, Qingyuan Gui et al.     A facile, but effective, method has been developed for large-scale preparation of NaLa(MoO4)2 nanorods and microflowers co-doped with Eu3+ and Tb3+ ions (abbreviated as: NLM:Ln3+…             Lattice Distortion in In3SbTe2 Phase Change Material with Substitutional Bi ▶     Minho Choi, Heechae Choi, Seungchul Kim et al.     Sb atoms in In3SbTe2 (IST) are partially substituted by 3.2–5.5 at.% of Bi atoms. As a result, the NaCl crystal structure of IST is slightly distorted. The distorted inter-planar …             Nanocontact Disorder in Nanoelectronics for Modulation of Light and Gas Sensitivities ▶     Yen-Fu Lin, Chia-Hung Chang, Tsu-Chang Hung et al.     To fabricate reliable nanoelectronics, whether by top-down or bottom-up processes, it is necessary to study the electrical properties of nanocontacts. The effect of nanocontact …             Adaptive quantum computation in changing environments using projective simulation ▶     M. Tiersch, E. J. Ganahl, H. J. Briegel     Quantum information processing devices need to be robust and stable against external noise and internal imperfections to ensure correct operation. In a setting of …             N Doping to ZnO Nanorods for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting under Visible Light: Engineered Impurity Distribution and Terraced Band Structure ▶     Meng Wang, Feng Ren, Jigang Zhou et al.     Solution-based ZnO nanorod arrays (NRAs) were modified with controlled N doping by an advanced ion implantation method, and were subsequently utilized as photoanodes for …             Superradiant Quantum Heat Engine ▶     Ali Ü. C. Hardal, Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu     Quantum physics revolutionized classical disciplines of mechanics, statistical physics, and electrodynamics. One branch of scientific knowledge however seems untouched: …             Enhanced thermal properties of novel shape-stabilized PEG composite phase change materials with radial mesoporous silica sphere for thermal energy storage ▶     Xin Min, Minghao Fang, Zhaohui Huang et al.     Radial mesoporous silica (RMS) sphere was tailor-made for further applications in producing shape-stabilized composite phase change materials (ss-CPCMs) through a facile …             Coagulation of β-conglycinin, glycinin and isoflavones induced by calcium chloride in soymilk ▶     Yu-Hsuan Hsiao, Chia-Jung Yu, Wen-Tai Li et al.     The coagulation of β-conglycinin (7S), glycinin (11S) and isoflavones induced by calcium chloride was investigated. Approximately 92.6% of the soymilk proteins were coagulated …             Fluorogenic Assay for Inhibitors of HIV-1 Protease with Sub-picomolar Affinity ▶     Ian W. Windsor, Ronald T. Raines     A fluorogenic substrate for HIV-1 protease was designed and used as the basis for a hypersensitive assay. The substrate exhibits a kcat of 7.4 s−1, KM of 15 μM, and an increase …             Automated biphasic morphological assessment of hepatitis B-related liver fibrosis using second harmonic generation microscopy ▶     Tong-Hong Wang, Tse-Ching Chen, Xiao Teng et al.     Liver fibrosis assessment by biopsy and conventional staining scores is based on histopathological criteria. Variations in sample preparation and the use of semi-quantitative …             Zipf’s law holds for phrases, not words ▶     Jake Ryland Williams, Paul R. Lessard, Suma Desu et al.     With Zipf’s law being originally and most famously observed for word frequency, it is surprisingly limited in its applicability to human language, holding over no more than three …             Dynamic markers based on blood perfusion fluctuations for selecting skin melanocytic lesions for biopsy ▶     Gemma Lancaster, Aneta Stefanovska, Margherita Pesce et al.     Skin malignant melanoma is a highly angiogenic cancer, necessitating early diagnosis for positive prognosis. The current diagnostic standard of biopsy and histological …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Seeing Central African forests through their largest trees ▶     J.-F. Bastin, N. Barbier, M. Réjou-Méchain et al.     Large tropical trees and a few dominant species were recently identified as the main structuring elements of tropical forests. However, such result did not translate yet into …             Magma injection beneath the urban area of Naples: a new mechanism for the 2012–2013 volcanic unrest at Campi Flegrei caldera ▶     Luca D’Auria, Susi Pepe, Raffaele Castaldo et al.     We found the first evidence, in the last 30 years, of a renewed magmatic activity at Campi Flegrei caldera from January 2012 to June 2013. The ground deformation, observed …             Herd-level bovine tuberculosis risk factors: assessing the role of low-level badger population disturbance ▶     David M. Wright, Neil Reid, W. Ian Montgomery et al.     Bovine TB (bTB) is endemic in Irish cattle and has eluded eradication despite considerable expenditure, amid debate over the relative roles of badgers and cattle in disease …             Does metal pollution matter with C retention by rice soil? ▶     Rongjun Bian, Kun Cheng, Jufeng Zheng et al.     Soil respiration, resulting in decomposition of soil organic carbon (SOC), emits CO2 to the atmosphere and increases under climate warming. However, the impact of heavy metal …             Synergistic Effect of Dual Electron-Cocatalysts for Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity: rGO as Electron-Transfer Mediator and Fe(III) as Oxygen-Reduction Active Site ▶     Huogen Yu, Jing Tian, Feng Chen et al.     For a high-performance cocatalyst-modified photocatalyst, an effective interfacial separation of photogenerated electron from its corresponding holes and its following reduction …             Predictive habitat suitability models to aid conservation of elasmobranch diversity in the central Mediterranean Sea ▶     V. Lauria, M. Gristina, M. J. Attrill et al.     Commercial fisheries have dramatically impacted elasmobranch populations worldwide. With high capture and bycatch rates, the abundance of many species is rapidly declining and …             A Chinese cave links climate change, social impacts, and human adaptation over the last 500 years ▶     Liangcheng Tan, Yanjun Cai, Zhisheng An et al.     The collapse of some pre-historical and historical cultures, including Chinese dynasties were presumably linked to widespread droughts, on the basis of synchronicities of …             From lithotroph- to organotroph-dominant: directional shift of microbial community in sulphidic tailings during phytostabilization ▶     Xiaofang Li, Philip L. Bond, Joy D. Van Nostrand et al.     Engineering microbial diversity to enhance soil functions may improve the success of direct revegetation in sulphidic mine tailings. Therefore, it is essential to explore how …             A radon-thoron isotope pair as a reliable earthquake precursor ▶     Yong Hwa Oh, Guebuem Kim     Abnormal increases in radon (222Rn, half-life = 3.82 days) activity have occasionally been observed in underground environments before major earthquakes. However, 222Rn alone …             Contribution of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to the fouling of ultrafiltration with coagulation pre-treatment ▶     Wenzheng Yu, Lei Xu, Nigel Graham et al.     A coagulation (FeCl3)-ultrafiltration process was used to treat two different raw waters with/without the presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticle contaminants. The existence of Fe3O4 …             A highly stable minimally processed plant-derived recombinant acetylcholinesterase for nerve agent detection in adverse conditions ▶     Yvonne J. Rosenberg, Jeremy Walker, Xiaoming Jiang et al.     Although recent innovations in transient plant systems have enabled gram quantities of proteins in 1–2 weeks, very few have been translated into applications due to technical …             Fast analysis of 29 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure photoionization-tandem mass spectrometry ▶     Shih-Chun Candice Lung, Chun-Hu Liu     Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitro-PAHs are ubiquitous in the environment. Some of them are probable carcinogens and some are source markers. This work presents an …             Silver Nanorods Wrapped with Ultrathin Al2O3 Layers Exhibiting Excellent SERS Sensitivity and Outstanding SERS Stability ▶     Lingwei Ma, Yu Huang, Mengjing Hou et al.     Silver nanostructures have been considered as promising substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with extremely high sensitivity. The applications, however, are …             Scale-dependency of the global mean surface temperature trend and its implication for the recent hiatus of global warming ▶     Yong Lin, Christian L. E. Franzke     Studies of the global mean surface temperature trend are typically conducted at a single (usually annual or decadal) time scale. The used scale does not necessarily correspond to …             Effect of Support on the Activity of Ag-based Catalysts for Formaldehyde Oxidation ▶     Jianghao Zhang, Yaobin Li, Yan Zhang et al.     Ag-based catalysts with different supports (TiO2, Al2O3 and CeO2) were prepared by impregnation method and subsequently tested for the catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) …             Genetic data from algae sedimentary DNA reflect the influence of environment over geography ▶     Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring, Ulrike Herzschuh, Luidmila A. Pestryakova et al.     Genetic investigations on eukaryotic plankton confirmed the existence of modern biogeographic patterns, but analyses of palaeoecological data exploring the temporal variability …             miR-98 and its host gene Huwe1 target Caspase-3 in Silica nanoparticles-treated male germ cells ▶     Bo Xu, Zhilei Mao, Xiaoli Ji et al.     Silica nanoparticles (NP) is one of the most commonly used nanomaterials with potential health hazards. However, the effects of Silica NP on germ cells and the underlying …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Development of PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway in Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Treatment for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer ▶     Jiabei He, Ying Hu, Mingming Hu et al.     Lung cancer is currently the leading cause of cancer-related death in worldwide, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. Surgery, …             Association of p21 3′ UTR gene polymorphism with cancer risk: Evidence from a meta-analysis ▶     Jie Li, Zhenzhen Li, Quancheng Kan et al.     Numerous studies have investigated the risk of cancer associated with the polymorphism of p21 3′ UTR (rs1059234 C > T), but results have been inconsistent. We performed this …             The stool microbiota of insulin resistant women with recent gestational diabetes, a high risk group for type 2 diabetes ▶     Marina Fugmann, Michaela Breier, Marietta Rottenkolber et al.     The gut microbiota has been linked to metabolic diseases. However, information on the microbiome of young adults at risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) is lacking. The aim of this …             Point mutations in KAL1 and the mitochondrial gene MT-tRNAcys synergize to produce Kallmann syndrome phenotype ▶     Fei Wang, Guo-dong Huang, Hui Tian et al.     Kallmann syndrome (KS) is an inherited developmental disorder defined as the association of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia. KS has been shown to be a …             Examining the role of different age groups, and of vaccination during the 2012 Minnesota pertussis outbreak ▶     Colin J. Worby, Cynthia Kenyon, Ruth Lynfield et al.     There is limited information on the roles of different age groups during pertussis outbreaks. Little is known about vaccine effectiveness against pertussis infection (both …             Duration of dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation: Meta-analysis of large randomised controlled trials ▶     Man-Fung Tsoi, Ching-Lung Cheung, Tommy Tsang Cheung et al.     Patients receive dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for 6–12 months after drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation. The efficacy and safety of prolonged DAPT has been questioned. …             Functional Ser205Leu polymorphism of the nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) gene is associated with vagal autonomic dysregulation in humans ▶     Chuan-Chia Chang, Wen-Hui Fang, Hsin-An Chang et al.     Evidence indicates that reduced cardiac vagal (parasympathetic) tone, a robust cardiovascular risk factor, is a trait vulnerability marker of major depressive disorder (MDD). The …             Significant association between functional microRNA polymorphisms and head and neck cancer susceptibility: a comprehensive meta-analysis ▶     Yu-Ming Niu, Xin-Ya Du, Ming-Yi Lu et al.     Molecular epidemiological studies have showed a closer association between microRNA polymorphisms with and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk. But the results of these studies were …             Impaired Activity of Blood Coagulant Factor XIII in Patients with Necrotizing Enterocolitis ▶     Guo-Zhong Tao, Bo Liu, Rong Zhang et al.     Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal (GI) medical/surgical emergency of the newborn and a leading cause of preterm neonate morbidity and mortality. …             Histamine deficiency exacerbates myocardial injury in acute myocardial infarction through impaired macrophage infiltration and increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis ▶     Long Deng, Tao Hong, Jinyi Lin et al.     Histamine is a biogenic amine that is widely distributed and has multiple functions, but the role it plays in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains unclear. In this study, we …             Thermal-induced force release in oxyhemoglobin ▶     S. G. Gevorkian, A. E. Allahverdyan, D. S. Gevorgyan et al.     Oxygen is released to living tissues via conformational changes of hemoglobin from R-state (oxyhemoglobin) to T-state (desoxyhemoglobin). The detailed mechanism of this process …             Machine Learning methods for Quantitative Radiomic Biomarkers ▶     Chintan Parmar, Patrick Grossmann, Johan Bussink et al.     Radiomics extracts and mines large number of medical imaging features quantifying tumor phenotypic characteristics. Highly accurate and reliable machine-learning approaches can …             Secreted biofilm factors adversely affect cellular wound healing responses in vitro ▶     Robert Jeffery Marano, Hilary Jane Wallace, Dulharie Wijeratne et al.     Although most chronic wounds possess an underlying pathology, infectious agents also contribute. In many instances, pathogens exist as biofilms forming clusters surrounded by a …             A combination hydrogel microparticle-based vaccine prevents type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice ▶     Young Mee Yoon, Jamal S. Lewis, Matthew R. Carstens et al.     Targeted delivery of self-antigens to the immune system in a mode that stimulates a tolerance-inducing pathway has proven difficult. To address this hurdle, we developed a …             Moyamoya disease susceptibility gene RNF213 links inflammatory and angiogenic signals in endothelial cells ▶     Kazuhiro Ohkubo, Yasunari Sakai, Hirosuke Inoue et al.     Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder characterized by occlusive lesions of the circle of Willis. To date, both environmental and genetic factors have been …             Wide mutation spectrum and frequent variant Ala27Thr of FBN1 identified in a large cohort of Chinese patients with sporadic TAAD ▶     Jun Guo, Lun Cai, Lixin Jia et al.     Genetic etiology in majority of patients with sporadic thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissections (STAAD) remains unknown. Recent GWAS study suggested common variant(s) in FBN1 is …             An assessment of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for non-communicable diseases (NCDs): more and higher quality research is required in less developed countries ▶     Hong Fan, Fujian Song     Research is crucial to implement evidence-based health interventions for control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study aims to assess main features of randomized …             Erratum: Differential immune mechanism to HIV-1 Tat variants and its regulation by AEA ▶     Gopinath Krishnan, Nivedita Chatterjee                 Corrigendum: Long-term efficacy and safety of omalizumab in patients with persistent uncontrolled allergic asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis ▶     Tianwen Lai, Shaobin Wang, Zhiwei Xu et al.                 Lentiviral shRNA against KCa3.1 inhibits allergic response in allergic rhinitis and suppresses mast cell activity via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway ▶     Hai Lin, Chunquan Zheng, Jing Li et al.     Calcium-activated potassium ion channel-3.1 (KCa3.1) plays a pivotal role in the potassium-calcium exchange involved in atopy. This study aimed to explore the impact of …             Feline lungworms unlock a novel mode of parasite transmission ▶     Vito Colella, Alessio Giannelli, Emanuele Brianti et al.     Snail-borne lungworms exert an enormous toll on the health and welfare of animals and humans. Of these parasites, Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior affect …             Stearic acid induces proinflammatory cytokine production partly through activation of lactate-HIF1α pathway in chondrocytes ▶     Hongming Miao, Liang Chen, Lijun Hao et al.     The biomechanics stress and chronic inflammation in obesity are causally linked to osteoarthritis. However, the metabolic factors mediating obesity-related osteoarthritis are …             Cell-free expression of functional receptor tyrosine kinases ▶     Wei He, Tiffany M. Scharadin, Matthew Saldana et al.     Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play critical roles in physiological and pathological processes, and are important anticancer drug targets. In vitro mechanistic and drug …             Generation of monoclonal antibodies against MGA and comparison of their application in breast cancer detection by immunohistochemistry ▶     Cuimi Duan, Xiqin Yang, Xuhui Zhang et al.     Mammaglobin A (MGA) is an organ specific molecular biomarker for metastatic breast cancer diagnosis. However, there are still needs to develop optimal monoclonal antibodies …             Blocking Endogenous Leukemia Inhibitory Factor During Placental Development in Mice Leads to Abnormal Placentation and Pregnancy Loss ▶     Amy Winship, Jeanne Correia, Tara Krishnan et al.     The placenta forms the interface between the maternal and fetal circulation and is critical for the establishment of a healthy pregnancy. Specialized trophoblast cells derived …             Normal liver enzymes are correlated with severity of metabolic syndrome in a large population based cohort ▶     Julia Kälsch, Lars P. Bechmann, Dominik Heider et al.     Key features of the metabolic syndrome are insulin resistance and diabetes. The liver as central metabolic organ is not only affected by the metabolic syndrome as non-alcoholic …             Identifying miRNA/mRNA negative regulation pairs in colorectal cancer ▶     Xile Zhou, Xiangming Xu, Jinhai Wang et al.     Although considerable progress has been made in the molecular biology of Colorectal cancer (CRC), novel approaches are still required to uncover the detailed molecular mechanism …             Impact of smoke-free legislation on perinatal and infant mortality: a national quasi-experimental study ▶     Jasper V Been, Daniel F Mackay, Christopher Millett et al.     Smoke-free legislation is associated with improved early-life outcomes; however its impact on perinatal survival is unclear. We linked individual-level data with death …             Efficacy and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery versus conventional phacoemulsification for cataract: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials ▶     Xiaoyun Chen, Wei Xiao, Shaobi Ye et al.     The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) versus conventional phacoemulsification cataract surgery …             Long-term Surgical Outcomes of Epiretinal Membrane in Patients with Retinitis Pigmentosa ▶     Yasuhiro Ikeda, Noriko Yoshida, Yusuke Murakami et al.     Macular complications such as an epiretinal membrane (ERM), a cystoid macular edema and a macular hole lead to unexpected central vision impairment especially for patients with …             The hormone-bound vitamin D receptor enhances the FBW7-dependent turnover of NF-κB subunits ▶     Fatemeh Fekrmandi, Tian-Tian Wang, John H. White     Signaling by hormonal vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) has attracted increasing interest because of its non-classical actions, particularly its putative anticancer …             Formulation Strategy for the Delivery of Cyclosporine A: Comparison of Two Polymeric Nanospheres ▶     Ritu Goyal, Lauren Macri, Joachim Kohn     A wide range of nanoparticles has been explored for the delivery of highly hydrophobic drugs, but very few publications provide comparative data of the performance of different …             Copy number variations and gene polymorphisms of Complement components in ocular Behcet’s disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome ▶     Dengfeng Xu, Shengping Hou, Jun Zhang et al.     Complement is involved in many immune-mediated diseases. However, the association of its copy number variations (CNVs) and polymorphisms with Behcet’s disease (BD) and …             Extensive shift in placental transcriptome profile in preeclampsia and placental origin of adverse pregnancy outcomes ▶     Siim Sõber, Mario Reiman, Triin Kikas et al.     One in five pregnant women suffer from gestational complications, prevalently driven by placental malfunction. Using RNASeq, we analyzed differential placental gene expression in …             Pharmacokinetics of a multicomponent herbal preparation in healthy Chinese and African volunteers ▶     Raphael N. Alolga, Yong Fan, Gang Zhang et al.     K-601 is an herbal formulation for influenza consisting of Lonicera japonica, Isatis indigotica, Rheum palmatum, Phellodendron chinense, and Scutellaria baicalensis. In this …             Characterisation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell microRNA in hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure ▶     Wenchao Ding, Jiaojiao Xin, Longyan Jiang et al.     Hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is a life-threatening condition and the mechanisms of its development and progression remain unclear. The aim of …             Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 in colorectal cancer family-risk population screening ▶     Olalla Otero-Estévez, Loretta De Chiara, Mar Rodríguez-Girondo et al.     Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is related to tumour development and progression in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its utility as biomarker has been suggested. The aim of our …             Higher freshwater fish and sea fish intake is inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk among Chinese population: a case-control study ▶     Ming Xu, Yu-Jing Fang, Yu-Ming Chen et al.     The association between specific fish intake and colorectal cancer risk remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the association between specific fish intake and …             Inhibition of ZEB1 expression induces redifferentiation of adult human β cells expanded in vitro ▶     Elad Sintov, Gili Nathan, Sarah Knoller et al.     In-vitro expansion of functional adult human β-cells is an attractive approach for generating insulin-producing cells for transplantation. However, human islet cell expansion in …             Variable alterations of the microbiota, without metabolic or immunological change, following faecal microbiota transplantation in patients with chronic pouchitis ▶     J. Landy, A. W. Walker, J. V. Li et al.     Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective in the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection, where efficacy correlates with changes in microbiota diversity and …             Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 silencing inhibits tumor growth and lung metastasis in osteosarcoma ▶     Yang-Fan Lv, Guang-Ning Yan, Gang Meng et al.     The enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) methyltransferase is the catalytic subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), which acts as a transcription repressor via the …             Deletion of the tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 in Sertoli cells causes infertility in mice ▶     Xiaopeng Hu, Zhenzhou Tang, Yang Li et al.     The male’s ability to reproduce is completely dependent on Sertoli cells. However, the mechanisms governing the functional integrity of Sertoli cells have remained largely …             Rhus coriaria induces senescence and autophagic cell death in breast cancer cells through a mechanism involving p38 and ERK1/2 activation ▶     Hussain El Hasasna, Khawlah Athamneh, Halima Al Samri et al.     Here, we investigated the anticancer effect of Rhus coriaria on three breast cancer cell lines. We demonstrated that Rhus coriaria ethanolic extract (RCE) inhibits the …             Seven weeks of Western diet in apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice induce metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with liver fibrosis ▶     Robert Schierwagen, Lara Maybüchen, Sebastian Zimmer et al.     Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterised by hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis, which might progress to cirrhosis. Human NASH is associated with metabolic …             The Association between Pre-existing Diabetes Mellitus and Pressure Ulcers in Patients Following Surgery: A Meta-analysis ▶     Zhou-Qing Kang, Xiao-Jie Zhai     Uncertainty exists about the role of diabetes in the development of surgery-related pressure ulcers. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the association between …             Automated biphasic morphological assessment of hepatitis B-related liver fibrosis using second harmonic generation microscopy ▶     Tong-Hong Wang, Tse-Ching Chen, Xiao Teng et al.     Liver fibrosis assessment by biopsy and conventional staining scores is based on histopathological criteria. Variations in sample preparation and the use of semi-quantitative …             The Effects of Combined Treatment with Naringin and Treadmill Exercise on Osteoporosis in Ovariectomized Rats ▶     Xiaolei SUN, LI Fengbo, MA Xinlong et al.     Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and progressive destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increased the risk of fracture. Previous studies have …             S1 nerve is the most efficient nerve rootlet innervating the anal canal and rectum in rats ▶     Kai Fu, Pengbo Luo, Xianyou Zheng et al.     Autonomic and somatic components participate in the defecation process in mammals, combining signals from the brainstem and forebrain. The innervation pattern involved in …             The antioxidant compound tert-butylhydroquinone activates Akt in myocardium, suppresses apoptosis and ameliorates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction ▶     Yongtao Zhang, Fang Fang Liu, Xiaolei Bi et al.     Tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) is an antioxidant compound which shows multiple cytoprotective actions. We evaluated the effects of TBHQ on pathological cardiac remodeling and …             High ROR2 expression in tumor cells and stroma is correlated with poor prognosis in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ▶     Jianfei Huang, Xiangjun Fan, Xudong Wang et al.     RTK-like orphan receptor 2 (ROR2) is overexpressed in several cancers and has tumorigenic activity. However, the expression of ROR2 and its functional and prognostic significance …             Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Struck Migratory Birds in China in 2015 ▶     Yuhai Bi, Zhenjie Zhang, Wenjun Liu et al.     Approximately 100 migratory birds, including whooper swans and pochards, were found dead in the Sanmenxia Reservoir Area of China during January 2015. The causative agent behind …             Subsurface pressure profiling: a novel mathematical paradigm for computing colony pressures on substrate during fungal infections ▶     Subir Patra, Sourav Banerjee, Gabriel Terejanu et al.     Colony expansion is an essential feature of fungal infections. Although mechanisms that regulate hyphal forces on the substrate during expansion have been reported previously, …             Dynamic markers based on blood perfusion fluctuations for selecting skin melanocytic lesions for biopsy ▶     Gemma Lancaster, Aneta Stefanovska, Margherita Pesce et al.     Skin malignant melanoma is a highly angiogenic cancer, necessitating early diagnosis for positive prognosis. The current diagnostic standard of biopsy and histological …             miR-98 and its host gene Huwe1 target Caspase-3 in Silica nanoparticles-treated male germ cells ▶     Bo Xu, Zhilei Mao, Xiaoli Ji et al.     Silica nanoparticles (NP) is one of the most commonly used nanomaterials with potential health hazards. However, the effects of Silica NP on germ cells and the underlying …             Human iPSC derived disease model of MERTK-associated retinitis pigmentosa ▶     Dunja Lukovic, Ana Artero Castro, Ana Belen Garcia Delgado et al.     Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) represents a genetically heterogeneous group of retinal dystrophies affecting mainly the rod photoreceptors and in some instances also the retinal …                 • Careers & Jobs           naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Senior Research Scientist     Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust            Postdoctoral Research Assistant     Queen Mary University of London            Chancellor’s Fellow     University of Edinburgh            Postdoctoral Scientist     Helmholtz Association            Senior Scientist in Synthetic Biology     University of Tartu            Post-Doctoral / Senior Research     Northwestern University            Statistician     Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI)            Research Fellowships in 2016     University of Cambridge            Postdoc in non-coding transcription     University of Copenhagen            Clinical Lecturer     University of Bristol          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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