Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 03 November 2015

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03 November 2015      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         An open access journal dedicated to highlighting the most important scientific advances in Parkinson's disease research, spanning the motor and non-motor disorders of Parkinson's disease. Part of the Nature Partner Journals series, npj Parkinson's Disease is published in partnership with the Parkinson's Disease Foundation. Open for submissions: http://bit.ly/1uUh8YB         Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences               Biological Sciences ▲ top               Erratum: Comparative transcriptomics reveals key differences in the response to milk oligosaccharides of infant gut-associated bifidobacteria ▶     Daniel Garrido, Santiago Ruiz-Moyano, Danielle G. Lemay et al.                 Production of viable trout offspring derived from frozen whole fish ▶     Seungki Lee, Shinsuke Seki, Naoto Katayama et al.     Long-term preservation of fish fertility is essential for the conservation of endangered fishes. However, cryopreservation techniques for fish oocytes and embryos have not yet …             Lipid mediator profile in vernix caseosa reflects skin barrier development ▶     Antonio Checa, Tina Holm, Marcus O. D. Sjödin et al.     Vernix caseosa (VC) is a protective layer that covers the skin of most human newborns. This study characterized the VC lipid mediator profile, and examined its relationship to …             Generation of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene knockout rabbits by homologous recombination and gene trapping through somatic cell nuclear transfer ▶     Mingru Yin, Weihua Jiang, Zhenfu Fang et al.     The rabbit is a common animal model that has been employed in studies on various human disorders, and the generation of genetically modified rabbit lines is highly desirable. …             NEFI: Network Extraction From Images ▶     M. Dirnberger, T. Kehl, A. Neumann     Networks are amongst the central building blocks of many systems. Given a graph of a network, methods from graph theory enable a precise investigation of its properties. Software …             Transfer of scarlet fever-associated elements into the group A Streptococcus M1T1 clone ▶     Nouri L. Ben Zakour, Mark R. Davies, Yuanhai You et al.     The group A Streptococcus (GAS) M1T1 clone emerged in the 1980s as a leading cause of epidemic invasive infections worldwide, including necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock …             Plastid control of abaxial-adaxial patterning ▶     Eduardo Mateo-Bonmatí, Rubén Casanova-Sáez, Víctor Quesada et al.     Translational regulation, exerted by the cytosolic ribosome, has been shown to participate in the establishment of abaxial-adaxial polarity in Arabidopsis thaliana: many …             Knockout crickets for the study of learning and memory: Dopamine receptor Dop1 mediates aversive but not appetitive reinforcement in crickets ▶     Hiroko Awata, Takahito Watanabe, Yoshitaka Hamanaka et al.     Elucidation of reinforcement mechanisms in associative learning is an important subject in neuroscience. In mammals, dopamine neurons are thought to play critical roles in …             Cholesterol induces lipoprotein lipase expression in a tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri chinensis) model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ▶     Linqiang Zhang, Zhiguo Zhang, Yunhai Li et al.     Animal models are indispensible to investigate the pathogenesis and treatments of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD). Altered cholesterol metabolism has been implicated …             Novel High Content Screen Detects Compounds That Promote Neurite Regeneration from Cochlear Spiral Ganglion Neurons ▶     Donna S. Whitlon, Mary Grover, Sara F. Dunne et al.     The bipolar spiral ganglion neurons (SGN) carry sound information from cochlear hair cells to the brain. After noise, antibiotic or toxic insult to the cochlea, damage to SGN …             Chronic lung infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm is cured by L-Methionine in combination with antibiotic therapy ▶     Divya Prakash Gnanadhas, Monalisha Elango, Akshay Datey et al.     Bacterial biofilms are associated with 80–90% of infections. Within the biofilm, bacteria are refractile to antibiotics, requiring concentrations >1,000 times the minimum …             Fluoxetine regulates mTOR signalling in a region-dependent manner in depression-like mice ▶     Xiao-Long Liu, Liu Luo, Rong-Hao Mu et al.     Previous studies have demonstrated that the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has an important role in ketamine-induced, rapid antidepressant effects despite …             Bub1 is required for maintaining cancer stem cells in breast cancer cell lines ▶     Jeong Yoon Han, Yu Kyeong Han, Ga-Young Park et al.     Breast cancer is a leading cause of death among women worldwide due to therapeutic resistance and cancer recurrence. Cancer stem cells are believed to be responsible for …             IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells negatively regulate fucosylation of epithelial cells in the gut ▶     Yoshiyuki Goto, Aayam Lamichhane, Mariko Kamioka et al.     Fucosylated glycans on the surface of epithelial cells (ECs) regulate intestinal homeostasis by serving as attachment receptors and a nutrient source for some species of …             Chemical-Free Technique to Study the Ultrastructure of Primary Cilium ▶     Ashraf M. Mohieldin, Wissam A. AbouAlaiwi, Min Gao et al.     A primary cilium is a hair-like structure with a width of approximately 200 nm. Over the past few decades, the main challenge in the study of the ultrastructure of cilia has been …             Neither Single nor a Combination of Routine Laboratory Parameters can Discriminate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteremia ▶     Franz Ratzinger, Michel Dedeyan, Matthias Rammerstorfer et al.     Adequate early empiric antibiotic therapy is pivotal for the outcome of patients with bloodstream infections. In clinical practice the use of surrogate laboratory parameters is …             Differential effect of caffeine intake in subjects with genetic susceptibility to Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Prakash M. Kumar, Swe Swe Thet Paing, HuiHua Li et al.     We examined if caffeine intake has a differential effect in subjects with high and low genetic susceptibility to Parkinson’s disease (PD), a common neurodegenerative disorder. A …             NAA10 mutation causing a novel intellectual disability syndrome with Long QT due to N-terminal acetyltransferase impairment ▶     Jillian P. Casey, Svein I. Støve, Catherine McGorrian et al.     We report two brothers from a non-consanguineous Irish family presenting with a novel syndrome characterised by intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, scoliosis and long …             Farnesylated and methylated KRAS4b: high yield production of protein suitable for biophysical studies of prenylated protein-lipid interactions ▶     William K. Gillette, Dominic Esposito, Maria Abreu Blanco et al.     Prenylated proteins play key roles in several human diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. KRAS4b, which is frequently mutated in pancreatic, colon …             Initial amplification of the HPV18 genome proceeds via two distinct replication mechanisms ▶     Marit Orav, Jelizaveta Geimanen, Eva-Maria Sepp et al.     Determining the mechanism of HPV18 replication is paramount for identifying possible drug targets against HPV infection. We used two-dimensional and three-dimensional gel …             Human Odorant Reception in the Common Bed Bug, Cimex lectularius ▶     Feng Liu, Nannan Liu     The common bed bug Cimex lectularius is a temporary ectoparasite on humans and currently resurgent in many developed countries. The ability of bed bugs to detect human odorants …             Species, Abundance and Function of Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea in Inland Waters across China ▶     Leiliu Zhou, Shanyun Wang, Yuxuan Zou et al.     Ammonia oxidation is the first step in nitrification and was thought to be performed solely by specialized bacteria. The discovery of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) changed this …             A zebrafish model of Poikiloderma with Neutropenia recapitulates the human syndrome hallmarks and traces back neutropenia to the myeloid progenitor ▶     Elisa A. Colombo, Silvia Carra, Laura Fontana et al.     Poikiloderma with Neutropenia (PN) is an autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by early-onset poikiloderma, pachyonychia, hyperkeratosis, bone anomalies and …             Doxorubicin-induced necrosis is mediated by poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) but is independent of p53 ▶     Hyeon-Jun Shin, Hyuk-Kwon Kwon, Jae-Hyeok Lee et al.     Necrosis, unregulated cell death, is characterized by plasma membrane rupture as well as nuclear and cellular swelling. However, it has recently been reported that necrosis is a …             Integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time detection of airborne microorganisms ▶     Jeongan Choi, Miran Kang, Jae Hee Jung     We demonstrate an integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time, continuous detection and quantification of airborne microorganisms. Measurements of the fluorescence and …             Monocyte-derived extracellular Nampt-dependent biosynthesis of NAD+ protects the heart against pressure overload ▶     Masamichi Yano, Hiroshi Akazawa, Toru Oka et al.     Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in the salvage pathway for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) biosynthesis, and thereby …             A novel electroporation system for efficient molecular delivery into Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with a 3-dimensional microelectrode ▶     Seongsu Kang, Kwon-Ho Kim, Yeu-Chun Kim     Electroporation is one of the most widely used transfection methods because of its high efficiency and convenience among the various transfection methods. Previous …             Evolving pneumococcal serotypes and sequence types in relation to high antibiotic stress and conditional pneumococcal immunization ▶     Lin-Hui Su, An-Jing Kuo, Ju-Hsin Chia et al.     In Taiwan, beginning in 2013, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was provided free of charge to children 2–5 years of age. In 2014, this was extended to …             Long Non Coding RNA MALAT1 Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis by inducing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ▶     Xuan Zhou, Su Liu, Guoshuai Cai et al.     The prognosis of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients remains dismal, and a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms is critical for identifying …             Trastuzumab resistance induces EMT to transform HER2+ PTEN− to a triple negative breast cancer that requires unique treatment options ▶     Joseph P. Burnett, Hasan Korkaya, Maria D. Ouzounova et al.     Although trastuzumab is an effective treatment in early stage HER2+ breast cancer the majority of advanced HER2+ breast cancers develop trastuzumab resistance, especially in the …             Inhibition of tribbles protein-1 attenuates radioresistance in human glioma cells ▶     Bo Tang, Wei Wu, Qing Zhang et al.     Radiotherapy is one of the remedies in the treatment of glioma. The radioresistance is a major drawback, of which the mechanism is unclear. Tribble protein and histone …             Heterogeneity of miR-10b expression in circulating tumor cells ▶     Christin Gasch, Prue N. Plummer, Lidija Jovanovic et al.     Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients are recognized as important potential targets for future anticancer therapies. As mediators of metastatic spread, …             Deacetylation-mediated interaction of SIRT1-HMGB1 improves survival in a mouse model of endotoxemia ▶     Jung Seok Hwang, Hyuk Soo Choi, Sun Ah Ham et al.     Inflammatory signal-mediated release of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern or alarmin. The inflammatory functions of HMGB1 have been …             Corrigendum: Formation and reshuffling of disulfide bonds in bovine serum albumin demonstrated using tandem mass spectrometry with collision-induced and electron-transfer dissociation ▶     Ine Rombouts, Bert Lagrain, Katharina A. Scherf et al.                 A combined MR and CT study for precise quantitative analysis of the avian brain ▶     Daniel Jirak, Jiri Janacek, Benjamin P. Kear     Brain size is widely used as a measure of behavioural complexity and sensory-locomotive capacity in avians but has largely relied upon laborious dissections, endoneurocranial …             Adrenergic DNA damage of embryonic pluripotent cells via β2 receptor signalling ▶     Fan Sun, Xu-Ping Ding, Shi-Min An et al.     Embryonic pluripotent cells are sensitive to genotoxicity though they need more stringent genome integrity to avoid compromising multiple cell lineages and subsequent …             Phosphorylation of NR2B NMDA subunits by protein kinase C in arcuate nucleus contributes to inflammatory pain in rats ▶     Fan Bu, Huiyu Tian, Shan Gong et al.     The arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus plays a key role in pain processing. Although it is well known that inhibition of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) in ARC attenuates …             Deletion of Cyclophilin D Impairs β-Oxidation and Promotes Glucose Metabolism ▶     Michele Tavecchio, Sofia Lisanti, Michael J. Bennett et al.     Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a mitochondrial matrix protein implicated in cell death, but a potential role in bioenergetics is not understood. Here, we show that loss or depletion of …             Diversity of key players in the microbial ecosystems of the human body ▶     Ferenc Jordán, Mario Lauria, Marco Scotti et al.     Coexisting bacteria form various microbial communities in human body parts. In these ecosystems they interact in various ways and the properties of the interaction network can be …             Dengue virus infection alters post-transcriptional modification of microRNAs in the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti ▶     Kayvan Etebari, Solomon Osei-Amo, Simon Phillip Blomberg et al.     Recent discoveries regarding the importance of isomiRs have increased our understanding of the regulatory complexities of the miRNAome. Observed changes in the miRNA profiles in …             The neural correlates of risky decision making across short and long runs ▶     Li-Lin Rao, John C. Dunn, Yuan Zhou et al.     People frequently change their preferences for options of gambles which they play once compared to those they play multiple times. In general, preferences for repeated play …             Optimizing Multiple Analyte Injections in Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors with Analytes having Different Refractive Index Increments ▶     Massinissa Si Mehand, Bala Srinivasan, Gregory De Crescenzo     Surface plasmon resonance-based biosensors have been successfully applied to the study of the interactions between macromolecules and small molecular weight compounds. In an …             Arabidopsis PARG1 is the key factor promoting cell survival among the enzymes regulating post-translational poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation ▶     Hailei Zhang, Zongying Gu, Qiao Wu et al.     Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a reversible post-translational modification of proteins, characterized by the addition of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) to proteins by poly(ADP-ribose) …             Fluorescently-tagged anti-ganglioside antibody selectively identifies peripheral nerve in living animals ▶     Cynthia A. Massaad, Gang Zhang, Laila Pillai et al.     Selective in vivo delivery of cargo to peripheral nervous system (PNS) has broad clinical and preclinical applications. An important applicability of this approach is systemic …             Evidence for microRNA-31 dependent Bim-Bax interaction preceding mitochondrial Bax translocation during radiation-induced apoptosis ▶     Ashish Kumar, Soma Ghosh, Sudhir Chandna     Downregulation of microRNA-31 has been linked with enhanced stress resistance, while its overexpression leads to cell death. In this study, we found mediatory role of microRNA-31 …             Enhanced ethanol production via electrostatically accelerated fermentation of glucose using Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Anup Sam Mathew, Jiapeng Wang, Jieling Luo et al.     The global demand for ethanol as an alternative fuel continues to rise. Advancement in all aspects of ethanol production is deemed beneficial to the ethanol industry. Traditional …             Mycobacterium-Infected Dendritic Cells Disseminate Granulomatous Inflammation ▶     Jeffrey S. Harding, Aditya Rayasam, Heidi A. Schreiber et al.     The disappearance and reformation of granulomas during tuberculosis has been described using PET/CT/X-ray in both human clinical settings and animal models, but the mechanisms of …             The evolution of tumor metastasis during clonal expansion with alterations in metastasis driver genes ▶     Kimiyo N. Yamamoto, Akira Nakamura, Hiroshi Haeno     Metastasis is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Carcinoma generally initiates at a specific organ as a primary tumor, but eventually metastasizes and forms tumor sites in …             Social redistribution of pain and money ▶     Giles W. Story, Ivo Vlaev, Robert D. Metcalfe et al.     People show empathic responses to others’ pain, yet how they choose to apportion pain between themselves and others is not well understood. To address this question, we observed …             Dental enamel cells express functional SOCE channels ▶     Meerim K. Nurbaeva, Miriam Eckstein, Axel R. Concepcion et al.     Dental enamel formation requires large quantities of Ca2+ yet the mechanisms mediating Ca2+ dynamics in enamel cells are unclear. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) channels are …             Living in a risky world: the onset and ontogeny of an integrated antipredator phenotype in a coral reef fish ▶     Maud C.O. Ferrari, Mark I. McCormick, Bridie J. M. Allan et al.     Prey individuals with complex life-histories often cannot predict the type of risk environment to which they will be exposed at each of their life stages. Because the level of …             Beneficial effects of low dose radiation in response to the oncogenic KRAS induced cellular transformation ▶     Rae-Kwon Kim, Min-Jung Kim, Ki Moon Seong et al.     Recently low dose irradiation has gained attention in the field of radiotherapy. For lack of understanding of the molecular consequences of low dose irradiation, there is much …             The Akt-mTOR axis is a pivotal regulator of eccentric hypertrophy during volume overload ▶     Masataka Ikeda, Tomomi Ide, Takeo Fujino et al.     The heart has two major modalities of hypertrophy in response to hemodynamic loads: concentric and eccentric hypertrophy caused by pressure and volume overload (VO), …             A DNA Mini-Barcoding System for Authentication of Processed Fish Products ▶     Shadi Shokralla, Rosalee S. Hellberg, Sara M. Handy et al.     Species substitution is a form of seafood fraud for the purpose of economic gain. DNA barcoding utilizes species-specific DNA sequence information for specimen identification. …             Dynamin-related protein 1 controls the migration and neuronal differentiation of subventricular zone-derived neural progenitor cells ▶     Hyun Jung Kim, Mohammed R. Shaker, Bongki Cho et al.     Mitochondria are important in many essential cellular functions, including energy production, calcium homeostasis, and apoptosis. The organelles are scattered throughout the …             Identifying the metabolic perturbations in earthworm induced by cypermethrin using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry based metabolomics ▶     Ratnasekhar Ch, Amit Kumar Singh, Pathya Pandey et al.     Globally, cypermethrin is one of the most widely used synthetic pyrethroid for agricultural and domestic purposes. Most part of the pesticides used in the agriculture ends up as …             Midgut of the non-hematophagous mosquito Toxorhynchites theobaldi (Diptera, Culicidae) ▶     Raquel S. M. Godoy, Kenner M. Fernandes, Gustavo F. Martins     In most mosquito species, the females require a blood-feeding for complete egg development. However, in Toxorhynchites mosquitoes, the eggs develop without blood-feeding, and …             The C-terminal region of the non-structural protein 2B from Hepatitis A Virus demonstrates lipid-specific viroporin-like activity ▶     Ashutosh Shukla, Debajit Dey, Kamalika Banerjee et al.     Viroporins are virally encoded, membrane-active proteins, which enhance viral replication and assist in egress of viruses from host cells. The 2B proteins in the picornaviridae …             Complex stability and dynamic subunit interchange modulates the disparate activities of the yeast moonlighting proteins Hal3 and Vhs3 ▶     J. Albert Abrie, Cristina Molero, Joaquín Ariño et al.     Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hal3 and Vhs3 are moonlighting proteins, acting both as inhibitors of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase Ppz1 and as subunits (together with Cab3) …             Littoral lichens as a novel source of potentially bioactive Actinobacteria ▶     Delphine Parrot, Sanjay Antony-Babu, Laurent Intertaglia et al.     Cultivable Actinobacteria are the largest source of microbially derived bioactive molecules. The high demand for novel antibiotics highlights the need for exploring novel sources …             Comparative histology of muscle in free ranging cetaceans: shallow versus deep diving species ▶     E. Sierra, A. Fernández, A. Espinosa de los Monteros et al.     Different marine mammal species exhibit a wide range of diving behaviour based on their breath-hold diving capabilities. They are classically categorized as long duration, …             Plant-microbe rhizosphere interactions mediated by Rehmannia glutinosa root exudates under consecutive monoculture ▶     Linkun Wu, Juanying Wang, Weimin Huang et al.     Under consecutive monoculture, the biomass and quality of Rehmannia glutinosa declines significantly. Consecutive monoculture of R. glutinosa in a four-year field trial led to …             CFTR-regulated MAPK/NF-κB signaling in pulmonary inflammation in thermal inhalation injury ▶     Zhi Wei Dong, Jing Chen, Ye Chun Ruan et al.     The mechanism underlying pulmonary inflammation in thermal inhalation injury remains elusive. Cystic fibrosis, also hallmarked with pulmonary inflammation, is caused by mutations …             Amiodarone as an autophagy promoter reduces liver injury and enhances liver regeneration and survival in mice after partial hepatectomy ▶     Chih-Wen Lin, Yaw-Sen Chen, Chih-Che Lin et al.     The deregulation of autophagy is involved in liver regeneration. Here, we investigated the role of autophagy in the regulation of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy …             Ultrafast traveling wave dominates the electric organ discharge of Apteronotus leptorhynchus: an inverse modelling study ▶     Aaron R. Shifman, André Longtin, John E. Lewis     Identifying and understanding the current sources that give rise to bioelectric fields is a fundamental problem in the biological sciences. It is very difficult, for example, to …             Corrigendum: Ursolic acid exerts anti-cancer activity by suppressing vaccinia-related kinase 1-mediated damage repair in lung cancer cells ▶     Seong-Hoon Kim, Hye Guk Ryu, Juhyun Lee et al.                 Erratum: Structural Mechanism for Regulation of Bcl-2 protein Noxa by phosphorylation ▶     Christine B. Karim, L. Michel Espinoza-Fonseca, Zachary M. James et al.                 Corrigendum: Photosystem I cyclic electron flow via chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like complex performs a physiological role for photosynthesis at low light ▶     Wataru Yamori, Toshiharu Shikanai, Amane Makino                 Memory of tolerance and induction of regulatory T cells by erythrocyte-targeted antigens ▶     Alizée J. Grimm, Stephan Kontos, Giacomo Diaceri et al.     New approaches based on induction of antigen-specific immunological tolerance are being explored for treatment of autoimmunity and prevention of immunity to protein drugs. …             Contrast-dependent orientation discrimination in the mouse ▶     Minghai Long, Weiqian Jiang, Dechen Liu et al.     As an important animal model to study the relationship between behaviour and neural activity, the mouse is able to perform a variety of visual tasks, such as orientation …             Differential temporal changes of primary and secondary bacterial symbionts and whitefly host fitness following antibiotic treatments ▶     Chang-Rong Zhang, Hong-Wei Shan, Na Xiao et al.     Where multiple symbionts coexist in the same host, the selective elimination of a specific symbiont may enable the roles of a given symbiont to be investigated. We treated the …             Plasma non-esterified docosahexaenoic acid is the major pool supplying the brain ▶     Chuck T. Chen, Alex P. Kitson, Kathryn E. Hopperton et al.     Despite being critical for normal brain function, the pools that supply docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) to the brain are not agreed upon. Using multiple kinetic models in free-living …             The Chemokine MIP-1α/CCL3 impairs mouse hippocampal synaptic transmission, plasticity and memory ▶     Elodie Marciniak, Emilie Faivre, Patrick Dutar et al.     Chemokines are signaling molecules playing an important role in immune regulations. They are also thought to regulate brain development, neurogenesis and neuroendocrine …             Dynamic weight bearing is an efficient and predictable method for evaluation of arthritic nociception and its pathophysiological mechanisms in mice ▶     Andreza U. Quadros, Larissa G. Pinto, Miriam M. Fonseca et al.     The assessment of articular nociception in experimental animals is a challenge because available methods are limited and subject to investigator influence. In an attempt to solve …             Production of reproductively sterile fish by a non-transgenic gene silencing technology ▶     Ten-Tsao Wong, Yonathan Zohar     We developed a novel bath-immersion technology to produce large numbers of infertile fish. As seafood consumption shifts from fishery harvests towards artificially propagated …             A high-throughput RNA-seq approach to profile transcriptional responses ▶     G. A. Moyerbrailean, G. O. Davis, C. T. Harvey et al.     In recent years RNA-seq protocols have been developed to investigate a variety of biological problems by measuring the abundance of different RNAs. Many study designs involve …             A genetic biosensor for identification of transcriptional repressors of target promoters ▶     Weishan Wang, Xiao Li, Yue Li et al.     Transcriptional repressors provide widespread biological significance in the regulation of gene expression. However, in prokaryotes, it is particularly difficult to find …             CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α is required for hepatic outgrowth via the p53 pathway in zebrafish ▶     Hao Yuan, Bin Wen, Xiaohui Liu et al.     CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/ebpα) is a transcription factor that plays important roles in the regulation of hepatogenesis, adipogenesis and hematopoiesis. Disruption of …             Evolution and Function of Dinosaur Teeth at Ultramicrostructural Level Revealed Using Synchrotron Transmission X-ray Microscopy ▶     Chun-Chieh Wang, Yen-Fang Song, Sheng-Rong Song et al.     The relationship between tooth form and dietary preference is a crucial issue in vertebrate evolution. However, the mechanical properties of a tooth are influenced not only by …             NMR characterization of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase binding to various non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors with different activities ▶     Ratsupa Thammaporn, Maho Yagi-Utsumi, Takumi Yamaguchi et al.     Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) is an important target for antiviral therapy against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. However, the …             Heme Oxygenase-1 Suppresses Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Replication in vitro ▶     Chong Zhang, Fengxing Pu, Angke Zhang et al.     Viral cycle progression depends upon host-cell processes in infected cells, and this is true for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), the causative agent of BVD that is a …             Sall1 in renal stromal progenitors non-cell autonomously restricts the excessive expansion of nephron progenitors ▶     Tomoko Ohmori, Shunsuke Tanigawa, Yusuke Kaku et al.     The mammalian kidney develops from reciprocal interactions between the metanephric mesenchyme and ureteric bud, the former of which contains nephron progenitors. The third …             TGF-β2 induces Grb2 to recruit PI3-K to TGF-RII that activates JNK/AP-1-signaling and augments invasiveness of Theileria-transformed macrophages ▶     Malak Haidar, Jessie Whitworth, Gaelle Noé et al.     Theileria-infected macrophages display many features of cancer cells such as heightened invasive capacity; however, the tumor-like phenotype is reversible by killing the …             Structural evidence for the role of polar core residue Arg175 in arrestin activation ▶     Joachim Granzin, Andreas Stadler, Anneliese Cousin et al.     Binding mechanism of arrestin requires photoactivation and phosphorylation of the receptor protein rhodopsin, where the receptor bound phosphate groups cause displacement of the …             Rapid alteration of protein phosphorylation during postmortem: implication in the study of protein phosphorylation ▶     Yifan Wang, Yanchong Zhang, Wen Hu et al.     Protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification of proteins. Postmortem tissues are widely being utilized in the biomedical studies, but the effects of …             Generation of a miniature pig disease model for human Laron syndrome ▶     Dan Cui, Fang Li, Qiuyan Li et al.     Laron syndrome is a rare disease caused by mutations of the growth hormone receptor (GHR), inheriting in an autosomal manner. To better understand the pathogenesis and to develop …             5-Azacytidine modulates interferon regulatory factor 1 in macrophages to exert a cardioprotective effect ▶     Hye-yun Jeong, Wan Seok Kang, Moon Hwa Hong et al.     Macrophages are actively involved in inflammatory responses during the progression of cardiac injury, including myocardial infarction (MI). A previous study showed that …             Nanoparticle Targeting and Cholesterol Flux Through Scavenger Receptor Type B-1 Inhibits Cellular Exosome Uptake ▶     Michael P. Plebanek, R. Kannan Mutharasan, Olga Volpert et al.     Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles that mediate intercellular communication. Cellular exosome uptake mechanisms are not well defined partly due to the lack of specific inhibitors of …             Corrigendum: Frankincense and myrrh suppress inflammation via regulation of the metabolic profiling and the MAPK signaling pathway ▶     Shulan Su, Jinao Duan, Ting Chen et al.                 Corrigendum: Decreased LKB1 predicts poor prognosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ▶     Jian-Yu Yang, Shu-Heng Jiang, De-Jun Liu et al.                 Genetic analysis of Indian tasar silkmoth (Antheraea mylitta) populations ▶     Saikat Chakraborty, M Muthulakshmi, Deena Vardhini et al.     Indian tasar silkmoth, Antheraea mylitta is an economically important wild silkmoth species distributed across India. A number of morphologically and ethologically well-defined …             LFP-guided targeting of a cortical barrel column for in vivo two-photon calcium imaging ▶     Joon-Hyuk Lee, Hee-Sup Shin, Kwang-Hyung Lee et al.     Two-photon microscopy of bulk-loaded functional dyes is an outstanding physiological technique that enables simultaneous functional mapping of hundreds of brain cells in vivo at …             A Gaze Independent Brain-Computer Interface Based on Visual Stimulation through Closed Eyelids ▶     Han-Jeong Hwang, Valeria Y. Ferreria, Daniel Ulrich et al.     A classical brain-computer interface (BCI) based on visual event-related potentials (ERPs) is of limited application value for paralyzed patients with severe oculomotor …             The effects of a novel aliphatic-chain hydroxamate derivative WMJ-S-001 in HCT116 colorectal cancer cell death ▶     Yu-Han Huang, Shiu-Wen Huang, Ya-Fen Hsu et al.     Hydroxamate derivatives have attracted considerable attention due to their broad pharmacological properties and have been extensively investigated. We recently demonstrated that …             The role of East Asian monsoon system in shaping population divergence and dynamics of a constructive desert shrub Reaumuria soongarica ▶     Hengxia Yin, Xia Yan, Yong Shi et al.     Both of the uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and the development of East Asian monsoon system (EAMS) could have comprehensively impacted the formation and evolution of Arid …             Gut microbe-derived extracellular vesicles induce insulin resistance, thereby impairing glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle ▶     Youngwoo Choi, Yonghoon Kwon, Dae-Kyum Kim et al.     Gut microbes might influence host metabolic homeostasis and contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is characterized by insulin resistance. …             Genome-wide analysis correlates Ayurveda Prakriti ▶     Periyasamy Govindaraj, Sheikh Nizamuddin, Anugula Sharath et al.     The practice of Ayurveda, the traditional medicine of India, is based on the concept of three major constitutional types (Vata, Pitta and Kapha) defined as “Prakriti”. To the …             Chemosensory signalling pathways involved in sensing of amino acids by the ghrelin cell ▶     L. Vancleef, T. Van Den Broeck, T. Thijs et al.     Taste receptors on enteroendocrine cells sense nutrients and transmit signals that control gut hormone release. This study aimed to investigate the amino acid (AA) sensing …             Aβ42-oligomer Interacting Peptide (AIP) neutralizes toxic amyloid-β42 species and protects synaptic structure and function ▶     Christian Barucker, Heiko J. Bittner, Philip K.-Y. Chang et al.     The amyloid-β42 (Aβ42) peptide is believed to be the main culprit in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD), impairing synaptic function and initiating neuronal degeneration. …             In vivo evidence for an endothelium-dependent mechanism in radiation-induced normal tissue injury ▶     Emilie Rannou, Agnès François, Aurore Toullec et al.     The pathophysiological mechanism involved in side effects of radiation therapy, and especially the role of the endothelium remains unclear. Previous results showed that …             The Soybean Peptide Vglycin Preserves the Diabetic β-cells through Improvement of Proliferation and Inhibition of Apoptosis ▶     Hua Jiang, Yuxing Tong, Dongjing Yan et al.     Replenishment of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells would be beneficial in diabetes. The number of β-cells is maintained primarily by self-neogenesis to compensate for β-cell …             High efficacy vasopermeability drug candidates identified by screening in an ex ovo chorioallantoic membrane model ▶     Desmond Pink, Keith A. Luhrs, Longen Zhou et al.     The use of rodent models to evaluate efficacy during testing is accompanied by significant economic and regulatory hurdles which compound the costs of screening for promising …             Doxycycline hinders phenylalanine fibril assemblies revealing a potential novel therapeutic approach in phenylketonuria ▶     Ada De Luigi, Alessandro Mariani, Massimiliano De Paola et al.     A new paradigm for the aetiopathology of phenylketonuria suggests the presence of amyloid-like assemblies in the brains of transgenic mouse models and patients with …             Maternal TET3 is dispensable for embryonic development but is required for neonatal growth ▶     Yu-ichi Tsukada, Tomohiko Akiyama, Keiichi I. Nakayama     The development of multicellular organisms is accompanied by reprogramming of the epigenome in specific cells, with the epigenome of most cell types becoming fixed after …             Identification of the Streptococcus pyogenes surface antigens recognised by pooled human immunoglobulin ▶     Mark Reglinski, Magdalena Gierula, Nicola N. Lynskey et al.     Immunity to common bacteria requires the generation of antibodies that promote opsonophagocytosis and neutralise toxins. Pooled human immunoglobulin is widely advocated as an …             Biogeographical role of the Kuroshio Current in the amphibious mudskipper Periophthalmus modestus indicated by mitochondrial DNA data ▶     Lijun He, Takahiko Mukai, Ka Hou Chu et al.     Quaternary climatic cycles have influenced marine organisms’ spatial distribution and population dynamics. This study aimed to elucidate the evolutionary influences of …             In silico approach to reveal viral populations in grapevine cultivar Tannat using transcriptome data ▶     Yeonhwa Jo, Hoseong Choi, Jin Kyong Cho et al.     Viruses are ubiquitous and present in a wide range of settings, from living organisms to various environments. Although viruses are regarded as important pathogens in higher …             The commensal infant gut meta-mobilome as a potential reservoir for persistent multidrug resistance integrons ▶     Anuradha Ravi, Ekaterina Avershina, Steven L. Foley et al.     Despite the accumulating knowledge on the development and establishment of the gut microbiota, its role as a reservoir for multidrug resistance is not well understood. This study …             Corrigendum: Direct Correlation Between Ligand-Induced α-Synuclein Oligomers and Amyloid-like Fibril Growth ▶     Martin Nors Pedersen, Vito Foderà, Istvan Horvath et al.                 In-vitro Optimization of Nanoparticle-Cell Labeling Protocols for In-vivo Cell Tracking Applications ▶     Oshra Betzer, Rinat Meir, Tamar Dreifuss et al.     Recent advances in theranostic nanomedicine can promote stem cell and immune cell-based therapy. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been shown to be promising agents for in-vivo …             Association analyses of large-scale glycan microarray data reveal novel host-specific substructures in influenza A virus binding glycans ▶     Nan Zhao, Brigitte E. Martin, Chun-Kai Yang et al.     Influenza A viruses can infect a wide variety of animal species and, occasionally, humans. Infection occurs through the binding formed by viral surface glycoprotein hemagglutinin …             Inferring Infection Patterns Based on a Connectivity Map of Host Transcriptional Responses ▶     Lu Han, Haochen He, Fei Li et al.     Host responses to infections represent an important pathogenicity determiner, and delineation of host responses can elucidate pathogenesis processes and inform the development of …             Bifidobacteria exhibit social behavior through carbohydrate resource sharing in the gut ▶     Christian Milani, Gabriele Andrea Lugli, Sabrina Duranti et al.     Bifidobacteria are common and frequently dominant members of the gut microbiota of many animals, including mammals and insects. Carbohydrates are considered key carbon sources …             The histone deacetylase HDA19 controls root cell elongation and modulates a subset of phosphate starvation responses in Arabidopsis ▶     Chun-Ying Chen, Keqiang Wu, Wolfgang Schmidt     The length of root epidermal cells and their patterning into files of hair-bearing and non-hair cells are genetically determined but respond with high plasticity to environmental …             miR-346 and miR-138 competitively regulate hTERT in GRSF1- and AGO2-dependent manners, respectively ▶     Ge Song, Renjie Wang, Junfei Guo et al.     miRNAs typically downregulate the expression of target genes by binding to their 3′UTR, and dysregulation of miRNAs may contribute to tumorigenesis. Here, we found that miR-346 …             Nondestructive detection of lead chrome green in tea by Raman spectroscopy ▶     Xiao-Li Li, Chan-Jun Sun, Liu-Bin Luo et al.     Raman spectroscopy was first adopted for rapid detecting a hazardous substance of lead chrome green in tea, which was illegally added to tea to disguise as high-quality. 160 …             Comparative metabolomic analysis highlights the involvement of sugars and glycerol in melatonin-mediated innate immunity against bacterial pathogen in Arabidopsis ▶     Yongqiang Qian, Dun-Xian Tan, Russel J. Reiter et al.     Melatonin is an important secondary messenger in plant innate immunity against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringe pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 in the salicylic acid (SA)- and …             Messenger RNA-based therapeutics for the treatment of apoptosis-associated diseases ▶     Akitsugu Matsui, Satoshi Uchida, Takehiko Ishii et al.     Gene therapy is a promising approach for treating diseases that are closely associated with excessive apoptosis, because the gene can effectively and sustainably introduce …             QTL mapping of cucumber fruit flesh thickness by SLAF-seq ▶     Xuewen Xu, Lu Lu, Biyun Zhu et al.     Cucumber is an agriculturally and economically important vegetable crop worldwide. Fruit flesh thickness is an important trait for cucumber and also a central determinant of …             Molecular developmental evidence for a subcoxal origin of pleurites in insects and identity of the subcoxa in the gnathal appendages ▶     Joshua F. Coulcher, Gregory D. Edgecombe, Maximilian J. Telford     Pleurites are chitinous plates in the body wall of insects and myriapods. They are believed to be an adaptation to locomotion on land but their developmental and evolutionary …             M2-polarized macrophages in keratocystic odontogenic tumor: relation to tumor angiogenesis ▶     Wen-Qun Zhong, Gang Chen, Wei Zhang et al.     The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of M2-polarized macrophages and their relationships to angiogenesis in keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT). M2-polarized …             Evaluation of regulatory genetic variants in POU5F1 and risk of congenital heart disease in Han Chinese ▶     Yuan Lin, Chenyue Ding, Kai Zhang et al.     OCT4 is a transcription factor of the PO family, which plays a key role in embryonic development and stem cell pluripotency. Previous studies have shown that Oct4 is required for …             Identification and validation of immunogenic potential of India specific HPV-16 variant constructs: In-silico & in-vivo insight to vaccine development ▶     Anoop Kumar, Showket Hussain, Gagan Sharma et al.     Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological cancers in the world but in India, it is the top most cancer among women. Persistent infection with high-risk human …             Choroidal neovascularization is inhibited via an intraocular decrease of inflammatory cells in mice lacking complement component C3 ▶     Xue Tan, Katsuhito Fujiu, Ichiro Manabe et al.     In early age-related macular degeneration (AMD), complement component C3 can be observed in drusen, which is the accumulation of material beneath the retinal pigment epithelium. …             The effect of environmental heterogeneity on species richness depends on community position along the environmental gradient ▶     Zhiyong Yang, Xueqi Liu, Mohua Zhou et al.     Environmental heterogeneity is among the most important factors governing community structure. Besides the widespread evidence supporting positive relationships between richness …             Fluorescence-Guided Probes of Aptamer-Targeted Gold Nanoparticles with Computed Tomography Imaging Accesses for in Vivo Tumor Resection ▶     Cheng-Hung Li, Tsung-Rong Kuo, Hsin-Jan Su et al.     Recent development of molecular imaging probes for fluorescence-guided surgery has shown great progresses for determining tumor margin to execute the tissue resection. Here we …             Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells possess better immunoregulatory properties compared to their cord-derived counterparts–a paired sample study ▶     Manasi D. Talwadekar, Vaijayanti P. Kale, Lalita S. Limaye     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show immunoregulatory properties. Here, we compared MSCs obtained from placenta (P-MSCs) and umbilical cord (C-MSCs) from the same donor, for their …             Analyzing large-scale samples confirms the association between the rs1051730 polymorphism and lung cancer susceptibility ▶     Zhijie Han, Qinghua Jiang, Tianjiao Zhang et al.     The early genome-wide association studies (GWAS) found a significant association between lung cancer and rs1051730 (15q25) polymorphism. However, the subsequent studies reported …             Metabolic profiling reveals potential metabolic markers associated with Hypoxia Inducible Factor-mediated signalling in hypoxic cancer cells ▶     Emily G. Armitage, Helen L. Kotze, J. William Allwood et al.     Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) plays an important role in oxygen compromised environments and therefore in tumour survival. In this research, metabolomics has been applied to …             Effect of Heat-Inactivated Clostridium sporogenes and Its Conditioned Media on 3-Dimensional Colorectal Cancer Cell Models ▶     Madhura Satish Bhave, Ammar Mansoor Hassanbhai, Padmaja Anand et al.     Traditional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy continue to have limited efficacy due to tumor hypoxia. While bacterial cancer therapy has the potential …             A feedback regulatory loop involving p53/miR-200 and growth hormone endocrine axis controls embryo size of zebrafish ▶     Jing Jing, Shuting Xiong, Zhi Li et al.     In vertebrates, growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis signaling plays a critical role in regulating somatic growth. Understanding the direct upstream regulators …             Action of multiple intra-QTL genes concerted around a co-localized transcription factor underpins a large effect QTL ▶     Shalabh Dixit, Akshaya Kumar Biswal, Aye Min et al.     Sub-QTLs and multiple intra-QTL genes are hypothesized to underpin large-effect QTLs. Known QTLs over gene families, biosynthetic pathways or certain traits represent functional …             Complete chloroplast and ribosomal sequences for 30 accessions elucidate evolution of Oryza AA genome species ▶     Kyunghee Kim, Sang-Choon Lee, Junki Lee et al.     Cytoplasmic chloroplast (cp) genomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nR) are the primary sequences used to understand plant diversity and evolution. We introduce a high-throughput …             Antigenic sites on the HN domain of botulinum neurotoxin A stimulate protective antibody responses against active toxin ▶     B. Vijayalakshmi Ayyar, Rajeev B. Tajhya, Christine Beeton et al.     Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most toxic substances known. BoNT intoxicates cells in a highly programmed fashion initiated by binding to the cell surface, internalization …             Discovery of Small Molecules that Inhibit the Disordered Protein, p27Kip1 ▶     Luigi I. Iconaru, David Ban, Kavitha Bharatham et al.     Disordered proteins are highly prevalent in biological systems, they control myriad signaling and regulatory processes, and their levels and/or cellular localization are often …             Association of ARNTL and PER1 genes with Parkinson's disease: a case-control study of Han Chinese ▶     Zhuqin Gu, BinBin Wang, Yong-Biao Zhang et al.     Circadian disruptions may result in sleep problems, oxidative stress and an altered inflammatory response. These symptoms may contribute to PD pathogenesis, despite a lack of …             Synergistic anti-tumor therapy by a comb-like multifunctional antibody nanoarray with exceptionally potent activity ▶     Huafei Li, Yun Sun, Di Chen et al.     Simultaneously blocking multiple mediators offers new hope for the treatment of complex diseases. However, the curative potential of current combination therapy by chronological …             Development of High Resolution Melting Analysis for the Diagnosis of Human Malaria ▶     Kek Heng Chua, Siew Chee Lim, Ching Ching Ng et al.     Molecular detection has overcome limitations of microscopic examination by providing greater sensitivity and specificity in Plasmodium species detection. The objective of the …             Dramatic increase in SHP2 binding activity of Helicobacter pylori Western CagA by EPIYA-C duplication: its implications in gastric carcinogenesis ▶     Lisa Nagase, Takeru Hayashi, Toshiya Senda et al.     Infection with cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori is critically associated with the development of gastric cancer. The cagA-encoded CagA is delivered into gastric epithelial cells …             Reinforcing endothelial junctions prevents microvessel permeability increase and tumor cell adhesion in microvessels in vivo ▶     Bingmei M. Fu, Jinlin Yang, Bin Cai et al.     Tumor cell adhesion to the microvessel wall is a critical step during tumor metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a secretion of tumor cells, can increase …             Molecular architecture of the Ub-PCNA/Pol η complex bound to DNA ▶     Wilson C. Y. Lau, Yinyin Li, Qinfen Zhang et al.     Translesion synthesis (TLS) is the mechanism by which DNA polymerases replicate through unrepaired DNA lesions. TLS is activated by monoubiquitination of the homotrimeric …             Secreted Factors from Colorectal and Prostate Cancer Cells Skew the Immune Response in Opposite Directions ▶     Marie Lundholm, Christina Hägglöf, Maria L. Wikberg et al.     Macrophage infiltration has been associated with an improved prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), but a poor prognosis in prostate cancer (PC) patients. In this …             Hyper sensitive protein detection by Tandem-HTRF reveals Cyclin D1 dynamics in adult mouse ▶     Alexandre Zampieri, Julien Champagne, Baptiste Auzemery et al.     We present here a novel method for the semi-quantitative detection of low abundance proteins in solution that is both fast and simple. It is based on Homogenous Time Resolved …             Genome-wide association study of 29 morphological traits in Aegilops tauschii ▶     Yaxi Liu, Lang Wang, Shuangshuang Mao et al.     Aegilops tauschii is the D-genome progenitor of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum). It is considered to be an important source of genetic variation for wheat breeding, and its …             Genome survey and high-density genetic map construction provide genomic and genetic resources for the Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei ▶     Yang Yu, Xiaojun Zhang, Jianbo Yuan et al.     The Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is the dominant crustacean species in global seafood mariculture. Understanding the genome and genetic architecture is useful for …             Concurrence of oral and genital human papillomavirus infection in healthy men: a population-based cross-sectional study in rural China ▶     Fangfang Liu, Dong Hang, Qiuju Deng et al.     Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a primary cause of genital cancer, is also related to the increasing incidence of oropharyngeal cancer among young men. Relatively little is …             Acid-induced off-response of PKD2L1 channel in Xenopus oocytes and its regulation by Ca2+ ▶     Shaimaa Hussein, Wang Zheng, Chris Dyte et al.     Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) protein 2 Like 1 (PKD2L1), also called transient receptor potential polycystin-3 (TRPP3), regulates Ca2+-dependent hedgehog signalling in primary …             The spatial range of peripheral collinear facilitation ▶     Marcello Maniglia, Andrea Pavan, Felipe Aedo-Jury et al.     Contrast detection thresholds for a central Gabor patch (target) can be modulated by the presence of co-oriented and collinear high contrast Gabors flankers. In foveal vision …             Three-Dimensional Blood-Brain Barrier Model for in vitro Studies of Neurovascular Pathology ▶     Hansang Cho, Ji Hae Seo, Keith H. K. Wong et al.     Blood–brain barrier (BBB) pathology leads to neurovascular disorders and is an important target for therapies. However, the study of BBB pathology is difficult in the absence of …             Generation of integration-free induced hepatocyte-like cells from mouse fibroblasts ▶     Jonghun Kim, Kee-Pyo Kim, Kyung Tae Lim et al.     The ability to generate integration-free induced hepatocyte-like cells (iHeps) from somatic fibroblasts has the potential to advance their clinical application. Here, we have …             Binding site residues control inhibitor selectivity in the human norepinephrine transporter but not in the human dopamine transporter ▶     Jacob Andersen, Kristoffer B. Ringsted, Benny Bang-Andersen et al.     The transporters for norepinephrine and dopamine (NET and DAT, respectively) constitute the molecular targets for recreational drugs and therapeutics used in the treatment of …             The native ant, Tapinoma melanocephalum, improves the survival of an invasive mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis, by defending it from parasitoids ▶     Dong-Dong Feng, J.P. Michaud, Pan Li et al.     Mutualistic ants can protect their partners from natural enemies in nature. Aenasius bambawalei is an important parasitoid of the the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis. We …             Conscientiousness increases efficiency of multicomponent behavior ▶     Ann-Kathrin Stock, Christian Beste     Many everyday situations require the flexible interruption and changing of different actions to achieve a goal. Several strategies can be applied to do so, but those requiring …             Aroused with heart: Modulation of heartbeat evoked potential by arousal induction and its oscillatory correlates ▶     Caroline Di Bernardi Luft, Joydeep Bhattacharya     Recent studies showed that the visceral information is constantly processed by the brain, thereby potentially influencing cognition. One index of such process is the heartbeat …             Efficacy and Safety of Bevacizumab Combined with Chemotherapy for Managing Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials ▶     Qin Li, Han Yan, Pengfei Zhao et al.     Although the FDA revoked metastatic breast cancer (MBC) from bevacizumab (BEV) indication in 2011, BEV combined with paclitaxel has been written in the breast cancer NCCN …             Activation of the Small G Protein Arf6 by Dynamin2 through Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors in Endocytosis ▶     Risa Okada, Yohei Yamauchi, Tsunaki Hongu et al.     The small G protein Arf6 and the GTPase dynamin2 (Dyn2) play key roles in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). However, their functional relationship remains obscure. Here, we …             Soil restoration with organic amendments: linking cellular functionality and ecosystem processes ▶     F. Bastida, N. Selevsek, I. F. Torres et al.     A hot topic in recent decades, the application of organic amendments to arid-degraded soils has been shown to benefit microbially-mediated processes. However, despite the …             Associations of prodynorphin sequence variation with alcohol dependence and related traits are phenotype-specific and sex-dependent ▶     Stacey J. Winham, Ulrich W. Preuss, Jennifer R. Geske et al.     We previously demonstrated that prodynorphin (PDYN) haplotypes and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2281285 are associated with alcohol dependence and the propensity to …             Poly-L-ornithine promotes preferred differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells via ERK signalling pathway ▶     Hongfei Ge, Liang Tan, Pengfei Wu et al.     Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) replacement therapies are the most attractive strategies to restore an injured brain. Key challenges of such therapies are enriching NSPCs …             Quantitative iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis of phosphoproteins and ABA-regulated phosphoproteins in maize leaves under osmotic stress ▶     Xiuli Hu, Nana Li, Liuji Wu et al.     Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates various developmental processes and stress responses in plants. Protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation is a central post-translational …             Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies Frequent Somatic Mutations in Cell-Cell Adhesion Genes in Chinese Patients with Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma ▶     Chenguang Li, Zhibo Gao, Fei Li et al.     Lung squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) accounts for about 30% of all lung cancer cases. Understanding of mutational landscape for this subtype of lung cancer in Chinese patients is …             Impaired surface membrane insertion of homo- and heterodimeric human muscle chloride channels carrying amino-terminal myotonia-causing mutations ▶     Katharina Ronstedt, Damien Sternberg, Silvia Detro-Dassen et al.     Mutations in the muscle chloride channel gene (CLCN1) cause myotonia congenita, an inherited condition characterized by muscle stiffness upon sudden forceful movement. We here …             Early aggregation preceding the nucleation of insulin amyloid fibrils as monitored by small angle X-ray scattering ▶     Eri Chatani, Rintaro Inoue, Hiroshi Imamura et al.     The nucleation event of amyloid fibrils is one of the most crucial processes that dictate the timing and rate of the pathology of diseases; however, information regarding how …             Sequence analysis, expression profiles and function of thioredoxin 2 and thioredoxin reductase 1 in resistance to nucleopolyhedrovirus in Helicoverpa armigera ▶     Songdou Zhang, Zhen Li, Xiaoge Nian et al.     The thioredoxin system, including NADPH, thioredoxin (Trx), and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), plays significant roles in maintaining intracellular redox homeostasis and …             Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy Imaging of Microtubule Arrays in Intact Arabidopsis thaliana Seedling Roots ▶     Bin Dong, Xiaochen Yang, Shaobin Zhu et al.     Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy has generated tremendous success in revealing detailed subcellular structures in animal cells. However, its application to plant cell …             Secrets of virtuoso: neuromuscular attributes of motor virtuosity in expert musicians ▶     Shinichi Furuya, Takanori Oku, Fumio Miyazaki et al.     Musical performance requires extremely fast and dexterous limb movements. The underlying biological mechanisms have been an object of interest among scientists and non-scientists …             APOBEC3G Interacts with ssDNA by Two Modes: AFM Studies ▶     Luda S. Shlyakhtenko, Samrat Dutta, Jaspreet Banga et al.     APOBEC3G (A3G) protein has antiviral activity against HIV and other pathogenic retroviruses. A3G has two domains: a catalytic C-terminal domain (CTD) that deaminates cytidine, …             Increases in both temperature means and extremes likely facilitate invasive herbivore outbreaks ▶     Rui-Ting Ju, Hai-Yan Zhu, Lei Gao et al.     Although increases in mean temperature (MT) and extreme high temperature (EHT) can greatly affect population dynamics of insects under global warming, how concurrent changes in …             PLK1 blockade enhances therapeutic effects of radiation by inducing cell cycle arrest at the mitotic phase ▶     Minoru Inoue, Michio Yoshimura, Minoru Kobayashi et al.     The cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation depends on the cell cycle phase; therefore, its pharmacological manipulation, especially the induction of cell cycle arrest at the …             High ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids in fat-1 mice prevent streptozotocin-induced Purkinje cell degeneration through BDNF-mediated autophagy ▶     Dong Ho Bak, Enji Zhang, Min-Hee Yi et al.     Loss of Purkinje cells has been implicated in the development of diabetic neuropathy, and this degeneration is characterized by impairment of autophagic processes. We evaluated …             Novel Self-driven Microbial Nutrient Recovery Cell with Simultaneous Wastewater Purification ▶     Xi Chen, Dongya Sun, Xiaoyuan Zhang et al.     Conventional wastewater purification technologies consume large amounts of energy, while the abundant chemical energy and nutrient resources contained in sewage are wasted in …             Complementarity among plant growth promoting traits in rhizospheric bacterial communities promotes plant growth ▶     Mangal Singh, Ashutosh Awasthi, Sumit K. Soni et al.     An assessment of roles of rhizospheric microbial diversity in plant growth is helpful in understanding plant-microbe interactions. Using random combinations of rhizospheric …             Novel Monte Carlo approach quantifies data assemblage utility and reveals power of integrating molecular and clinical information for cancer prognosis ▶     Wim Verleyen, Simon P. Langdon, Dana Faratian et al.     Current clinical practice in cancer stratifies patients based on tumour histology to determine prognosis. Molecular profiling has been hailed as the path towards personalised …             Plasmodium berghei ANKA causes intestinal malaria associated with dysbiosis ▶     Tomoyo Taniguchi, Eiji Miyauchi, Shota Nakamura et al.     Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, are frequently observed in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, the correlation between malaria …             Quantitative micro-elastography: imaging of tissue elasticity using compression optical coherence elastography ▶     Kelsey M. Kennedy, Lixin Chin, Robert A. McLaughlin et al.     Probing the mechanical properties of tissue on the microscale could aid in the identification of diseased tissues that are inadequately detected using palpation or current …             Molecular characterisation of phenylketonuria in a Chinese mainland population using next-generation sequencing ▶     Nana Li, Haitao Jia, Zhen Liu et al.     Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder of phenylalanine metabolism, mainly caused by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). The incidence of …             A correlativity study of plasma APL1β28 and clusterin levels with MMSE/MoCA/CASI in aMCI patients ▶     Ying Meng, Huiying Li, Rui Hua et al.     Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is a sub-clinical condition characterized by memory deficits that are not severe enough to affect daily functioning. Here we …             Annual periodicity in planktonic bacterial and archaeal community composition of eutrophic Lake Taihu ▶     Junfeng Li, Junyi Zhang, Liyang Liu et al.     Bacterioplankton plays a key role in nutrient cycling and is closely related to water eutrophication and algal bloom. We used high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to profile …             Long-term rice cultivation stabilizes soil organic carbon and promotes soil microbial activity in a salt marsh derived soil chronosequence ▶     Ping Wang, Yalong Liu, Lianqing Li et al.     Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration with enhanced stable carbon storage has been widely accepted as a very important ecosystem property. Yet, the link between carbon …             PAX4 Defines an Expandable β-Cell Subpopulation in the Adult Pancreatic Islet ▶     Petra I. Lorenzo, Esther Fuente-Martín, Thierry Brun et al.     PAX4 is a key regulator of pancreatic islet development whilst in adult acute overexpression protects β-cells against stress-induced apoptosis and stimulates proliferation. …             A geometric network model of intrinsic grey-matter connectivity of the human brain ▶     Yi-Ping Lo, Reuben O’Dea, Jonathan J. Crofts et al.     Network science provides a general framework for analysing the large-scale brain networks that naturally arise from modern neuroimaging studies, and a key goal in theoretical …                     Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Sensitive electrochemical nonenzymatic glucose sensing based on anodized CuO nanowires on three-dimensional porous copper foam ▶     Zhenzhen Li, Yan Chen, Yanmei Xin et al.     In this work, we proposed to utilize three-dimensional porous copper foam (CF) as conductive substrate and precursor of in-situ growth CuO nanowires (NWs) for fabricating …             Integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time detection of airborne microorganisms ▶     Jeongan Choi, Miran Kang, Jae Hee Jung     We demonstrate an integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time, continuous detection and quantification of airborne microorganisms. Measurements of the fluorescence and …             Waste-Glycerol-Directed Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica and Carbon with Superior Performance in Room-Temperature Hydrogen Production from Formic Acid ▶     Dong-Wook Lee, Min-Ho Jin, Ji Chan Park et al.     The development of easier, cheaper, and more ecofriendly synthetic methods for mesoporous materials remains a challenging topic to commercialize them, and the transformation of …             Phonon and magnetic structure in δ-plutonium from density-functional theory ▶     Per Söderlind, F. Zhou, A. Landa et al.     We present phonon properties of plutonium metal obtained from a combination of density-functional-theory (DFT) electronic structure and the recently developed compressive sensing …             An NMR Study of Biomimetic Fluorapatite – Gelatine Mesocrystals ▶     Anastasia Vyalikh, Paul Simon, Elena Rosseeva et al.     The mesocrystal system fluoroapatite—gelatine grown by double-diffusion is characterized by hierarchical composite structure on a mesoscale. In the present work we apply solid …             Predicting the behavior of microfluidic circuits made from discrete elements ▶     Krisna C. Bhargava, Bryant Thompson, Danish Iqbal et al.     Microfluidic devices can be used to execute a variety of continuous flow analytical and synthetic chemistry protocols with a great degree of precision. The growing availability …             Fast synthesis of platinum nanopetals and nanospheres for highly-sensitive non-enzymatic detection of glucose and selective sensing of ions ▶     Irene Taurino, Gabriella Sanzó, Franco Mazzei et al.     Novel methods to obtain Pt nanostructured electrodes have raised particular interest due to their high performance in electrochemistry. Several nanostructuration methods proposed …             3D chemical imaging in the laboratory by hyperspectral X-ray computed tomography ▶     C. K. Egan, S. D. M. Jacques, M. D. Wilson et al.     We report the development of laboratory based hyperspectral X-ray computed tomography which allows the internal elemental chemistry of an object to be reconstructed and …             Erratum: Structural Mechanism for Regulation of Bcl-2 protein Noxa by phosphorylation ▶     Christine B. Karim, L. Michel Espinoza-Fonseca, Zachary M. James et al.                 Multiblock copolymers exhibiting spatio-temporal structure with autonomous viscosity oscillation ▶     Michika Onoda, Takeshi Ueki, Mitsuhiro Shibayama et al.     Here we report an ABA triblock copolymer that can express microscopic autonomous formation and break-up of aggregates under constant condition to generate macroscopic …             CH-π Interaction Driven Macroscopic Property Transition on Smart Polymer Surface ▶     Minmin Li, Guangyan Qing, Yuting Xiong et al.     Life systems have evolved to utilize weak noncovalent interactions, particularly CH-π interaction, to achieve various biofunctions, for example cellular communication, immune …             Direct Conversion of CH3NH3PbI3 from Electrodeposited PbO for Highly Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells ▶     Jin-hua Huang, Ke-jian Jiang, Xue-ping Cui et al.     Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have recently been identified as a promising light absorber for solar cells. In the efficient solar cells, the perovskite active …             Fluidic Active Transducer for Electricity Generation ▶     YoungJun Yang, Junwoo Park, Soon-Hyung Kwon et al.     Flows in small size channels have been studied for a long time over multidisciplinary field such as chemistry, biology and medical through the various topics. Recently, the …             Sources of plutonium in the atmosphere and stratosphere-troposphere mixing ▶     Katsumi Hirose, Pavel P. Povinec     Plutonium isotopes have primarily been injected to the stratosphere by the atmospheric nuclear weapon tests and the burn-up of the SNAP-9A satellite. Here we show by using …             A Non-sulfided flower-like Ni-PTA Catalyst that Enhances the Hydrotreatment Efficiency of Plant Oil to Produce Green Diesel ▶     Jing Liu, Pan Chen, Lihong Deng et al.     The development of a novel non-sulfided catalyst with high activity for the hydrotreatment processing of plant oils, is of high interest as a way to improve the efficient …             Multifunctional Single-Phase Photocatalysts: Extended Near Infrared Photoactivity and Reliable Magnetic Recyclability ▶     Xiaoning Li, Zhu Zhu, Feng Li et al.     A practical photocatalyst should be able to integrate together various functions including the extended solar conversion, a feasible and economic recyclability, and above the …             Reconstruction of two-dimensional molecular structure with laser-induced electron diffraction from laser-aligned polyatomic molecules ▶     Chao Yu, Hui Wei, Xu Wang et al.     Imaging the transient process of molecules has been a basic way to investigate photochemical reactions and dynamics. Based on laser-induced electron diffraction and partial …             Glass transition of aqueous solutions involving annealing-induced ice recrystallization resolves liquid-liquid transition puzzle of water ▶     Li-Shan Zhao, Ze-Xian Cao, Qiang Wang     Liquid-liquid transition of water is an important concept in condensed-matter physics. Recently, it was claimed to have been confirmed in aqueous solutions based on …                 An online open access journal providing a platform for the latest important research on quantum information, including quantum computing, quantum communications and quantum information theory. The Journal is now open for submissions. Explore the benefits of submitting your next research article.         Physical Sciences ▲ top               Interfacial effect on physical properties of composite media: Interfacial volume fraction with non-spherical hard-core-soft-shell-structured particles ▶     Wenxiang Xu, Qinglin Duan, Huaifa Ma et al.     Interfaces are known to be crucial in a variety of fields and the interfacial volume fraction dramatically affects physical properties of composite media. However, it is an open …             Strong optomechanical interactions in a sliced photonic crystal nanobeam ▶     Rick Leijssen, Ewold Verhagen     Coupling between mechanical and optical degrees of freedom is strongly enhanced by using subwavelength optical mode profiles. We realize an optomechanical system based on a …             Three Dimensional Hybrids of Vertical Graphene-nanosheet Sandwiched by Ag-nanoparticles for Enhanced Surface Selectively Catalytic Reactions ▶     Jing Zhao, Mentao Sun, Zhe Liu et al.     Three dimensional (3D) plasmonic nanostructure is perfect for the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and also very suitable for surface catalytic reaction, but how to …             Optical Imaging of Nonuniform Ferroelectricity and Strain at the Diffraction Limit ▶     Ondrej Vlasin, Blai Casals, Nico Dix et al.     We have imaged optically the spatial distributions of ferroelectricity and piezoelectricity at the diffraction limit. Contributions to the birefringence from electro-optics …             Terahertz-induced acceleration of massive Dirac electrons in semimetal bismuth ▶     Yasuo Minami, Kotaro Araki, Thang Duy Dao et al.     Dirac-like electrons in solid state have been of great interest since they exhibit many peculiar physical behaviors analogous to relativistic mechanics. Among them, carriers in …             Spin-dependent transport properties of Fe3O4/MoS2/Fe3O4 junctions ▶     Han-Chun Wu, Cormac Ó Coileáin, Mourad Abid et al.     Magnetite is a half-metal with a high Curie temperature of 858 K, making it a promising candidate for magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs). Yet, initial efforts to exploit its half …             Quantum-electrodynamical birefringence vanishing in a thermal relativistic pair plasma ▶     Y. S. Huang     Quantum electrodynamical (QED) birefringence in a thermal relativistic pair plasma with the presence of the strong crossed field: , is proposed and investigated. We clarify the …             Transition and Damping of Collective Modes in a Trapped Fermi Gas between BCS and Unitary Limits near the Phase Transition ▶     Hang Dong, Wenyuan Zhang, Li Zhou et al.     We investigate the transition and damping of low-energy collective modes in a trapped unitary Fermi gas by solving the Boltzmann-Vlasov kinetic equation in a scaled form, which …             Sensitive electrochemical nonenzymatic glucose sensing based on anodized CuO nanowires on three-dimensional porous copper foam ▶     Zhenzhen Li, Yan Chen, Yanmei Xin et al.     In this work, we proposed to utilize three-dimensional porous copper foam (CF) as conductive substrate and precursor of in-situ growth CuO nanowires (NWs) for fabricating …             Using metamaterial nanoengineering to triple the superconducting critical temperature of bulk aluminum ▶     Vera N. Smolyaninova, Kathryn Zander, Thomas Gresock et al.     Recent experiments have shown the viability of the metamaterial approach to dielectric response engineering for enhancing the transition temperature, Tc, of a superconductor. In …             Physical realization of the Glauber quantum oscillator ▶     Silvia Gentilini, Maria Chiara Braidotti, Giulia Marcucci et al.     More than thirty years ago Glauber suggested that the link between the reversible microscopic and the irreversible macroscopic world can be formulated in physical terms through …             Integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time detection of airborne microorganisms ▶     Jeongan Choi, Miran Kang, Jae Hee Jung     We demonstrate an integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time, continuous detection and quantification of airborne microorganisms. Measurements of the fluorescence and …             Invisible Hyperbolic Metamaterial Nanotube at Visible Frequency ▶     Kyoung-Ho Kim, You-Shin No, Sehwan Chang et al.     Subwavelength-scale metal and dielectric nanostructures have served as important building blocks for electromagnetic metamaterials, providing unprecedented opportunities for …             Passband switchable microwave photonic multiband filter ▶     Jia Ge, Mable P. Fok     A reconfigurable microwave photonic (MWP) multiband filter with selectable and switchable passbands is proposed and experimentally demonstrated, with a maximum of 12 simultaneous …             Mapping of multi-elements during melting and solidification using synchrotron X-rays and pixel-based spectroscopy ▶     E. Liotti, A. Lui, T. Connolley et al.     A new synchrotron-based technique for elemental imaging that combines radiography and fluorescence spectroscopy has been developed and applied to study the spatial distribution …             Quantum Oscillation Signatures of Pressure-induced Topological Phase Transition in BiTeI ▶     Joonbum Park, Kyung-Hwan Jin, Y. J. Jo et al.     We report the pressure-induced topological quantum phase transition of BiTeI single crystals using Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations of bulk Fermi surfaces. The sizes of the inner …             Mid-infrared ultrafast laser pulses induced third harmonic generation in nitrogen molecules on an excited state ▶     Hongqiang Xie, Guihua Li, Jinping Yao et al.     We report on generation of third harmonic from nitrogen molecules on the excited state with a weak driver laser pulse at a mid-infrared wavelength. The excited nitrogen molecules …             Multiple Effects of the Second Fluid on Suspension Viscosity ▶     Jie Zhang, Hui Zhao, Weifeng Li et al.     Previous research has shown that adding a small amount of a second immiscible fluid to particulate suspension can result in a significant influence on viscosity. In this study, …             Structural phase transitions in Bi2Se3 under high pressure ▶     Zhenhai Yu, Lin Wang, Qingyang Hu et al.     Raman spectroscopy and angle dispersive X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments of bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) have been carried out to pressures of 35.6 and 81.2 GPa, respectively, to …             Electrical level of defects in single-layer two-dimensional TiO2 ▶     X. F. Song, L. F. Hu, D. H. Li et al.     The remarkable properties of graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have attracted increasing attention on two-dimensional materials, but the gate oxide, one of …             Universal Stochastic Multiscale Image Fusion: An Example Application for Shale Rock ▶     Kirill M. Gerke, Marina V. Karsanina, Dirk Mallants     Spatial data captured with sensors of different resolution would provide a maximum degree of information if the data were to be merged into a single image representing all …             Bridging the Gap between RF and Optical Patch Antenna Analysis via the Cavity Model ▶     G. S. Unal, M. I. Aksun     Although optical antennas with a variety of shapes and for a variety of applications have been proposed and studied, they are still in their infancy compared to their radio …             Strongly polarizing weakly coupled 13C nuclear spins with optically pumped nitrogen-vacancy center ▶     Ping Wang, Bao Liu, Wen Yang     Enhancing the polarization of nuclear spins surrounding the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has recently attracted widespread attention due to its various applications. …             Boulders on asteroid Toutatis as observed by Chang’e-2 ▶     Yun Jiang, Jianghui Ji, Jiangchuan Huang et al.     Boulders are ubiquitously found on the surfaces of small rocky bodies in the inner solar system and their spatial and size distributions give insight into the geological …             Elasticity of polymeric nanocolloidal particles ▶     Jonas Riest, Labrini Athanasopoulou, Sergei A. Egorov et al.     Softness is an essential mechanical feature of macromolecular particles such as polymer-grafted nanocolloids, polyelectrolyte networks, cross-linked microgels as well as block …             Non-periodic outbreaks of recurrent epidemics and its network modelling ▶     Muhua Zheng, Chaoqing Wang, Jie Zhou et al.     The study of recurrent epidemic outbreaks has been attracting great attention for decades, but its underlying mechanism is still under debate. Based on a large number of real …             A novel electroporation system for efficient molecular delivery into Chlamydomonas reinhardtii with a 3-dimensional microelectrode ▶     Seongsu Kang, Kwon-Ho Kim, Yeu-Chun Kim     Electroporation is one of the most widely used transfection methods because of its high efficiency and convenience among the various transfection methods. Previous …             Waste-Glycerol-Directed Synthesis of Mesoporous Silica and Carbon with Superior Performance in Room-Temperature Hydrogen Production from Formic Acid ▶     Dong-Wook Lee, Min-Ho Jin, Ji Chan Park et al.     The development of easier, cheaper, and more ecofriendly synthetic methods for mesoporous materials remains a challenging topic to commercialize them, and the transformation of …             Phonon and magnetic structure in δ-plutonium from density-functional theory ▶     Per Söderlind, F. Zhou, A. Landa et al.     We present phonon properties of plutonium metal obtained from a combination of density-functional-theory (DFT) electronic structure and the recently developed compressive sensing …             Optical forces in nanorod metamaterial ▶     Andrey A. Bogdanov, Alexander S. Shalin, Pavel Ginzburg     Optomechanical manipulation of micro and nano-scale objects with laser beams finds use in a large span of multidisciplinary applications. Auxiliary nanostructuring could …             Erratum: Superconducting magnetoresistance in ferromagnet/superconductor/ferromagnet trilayers ▶     D. Stamopoulos, E. Aristomenopoulou                 A New Strategy of Lithography Based on Phase Separation of Polymer Blends ▶     Xu Guo, Long Liu, Zhe Zhuang et al.     Herein, we propose a new strategy of maskless lithographic approach to fabricate micro/nano-porous structures by phase separation of polystyrene (PS)/Polyethylene glycol (PEG) …             Polarization and Thickness Dependent Absorption Properties of Black Phosphorus: New Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast Pulse Generation ▶     Diao Li, Henri Jussila, Lasse Karvonen et al.     Black phosphorus (BP) has recently been rediscovered as a new and interesting two-dimensional material due to its unique electronic and optical properties. Here, we study the …             Topological Superfluid and Majorana Zero Modes in Synthetic Dimension ▶     Zhongbo Yan, Shaolong Wan, Zhong Wang     Recently it has been shown that multicomponent spin-orbit-coupled fermions in one-dimensional optical lattices can be viewed as spinless fermions moving in two-dimensional …             An NMR Study of Biomimetic Fluorapatite – Gelatine Mesocrystals ▶     Anastasia Vyalikh, Paul Simon, Elena Rosseeva et al.     The mesocrystal system fluoroapatite—gelatine grown by double-diffusion is characterized by hierarchical composite structure on a mesoscale. In the present work we apply solid …             Optical Surface Transformation: Changing the optical surface by homogeneous optic-null medium at will ▶     Fei Sun, Sailing He     A new theory on designing electromagnetic/optical devices is proposed, namely, an optical surface transformation (OST). One arbitrary surface can establish the corresponding …             3D chemical imaging in the laboratory by hyperspectral X-ray computed tomography ▶     C. K. Egan, S. D. M. Jacques, M. D. Wilson et al.     We report the development of laboratory based hyperspectral X-ray computed tomography which allows the internal elemental chemistry of an object to be reconstructed and …             Predicting the behavior of microfluidic circuits made from discrete elements ▶     Krisna C. Bhargava, Bryant Thompson, Danish Iqbal et al.     Microfluidic devices can be used to execute a variety of continuous flow analytical and synthetic chemistry protocols with a great degree of precision. The growing availability …             Fast synthesis of platinum nanopetals and nanospheres for highly-sensitive non-enzymatic detection of glucose and selective sensing of ions ▶     Irene Taurino, Gabriella Sanzó, Franco Mazzei et al.     Novel methods to obtain Pt nanostructured electrodes have raised particular interest due to their high performance in electrochemistry. Several nanostructuration methods proposed …             Griffiths phase behaviour in a frustrated antiferromagnetic intermetallic compound ▶     Krishanu Ghosh, Chandan Mazumdar, R. Ranganathan et al.     The rare coexistence of a Griffiths phase (GP) and a geometrically frustrated antiferromagnetism in the non-stoichiometric intermetallic compound GdFe0.17Sn2 (the paramagnetic …             Dual Tuning of Biomass-Derived Hierarchical Carbon Nanostructures for Supercapacitors: the Role of Balanced Meso/Microporosity and Graphene ▶     Zhengju Zhu, Hao Jiang, Shaojun Guo et al.     Rational design of advanced carbon nanomaterials with a balanced mesoporosity to microporosity is highly desirable for achieving high energy/power density for supercapacitors …             Multishock Compression Properties of Warm Dense Argon ▶     Jun Zheng, Qifeng Chen, Gu Yunjun et al.     Warm dense argon was generated by a shock reverberation technique. The diagnostics of warm dense argon were performed by a multichannel optical pyrometer and a velocity …             Perfect spin filtering effect and negative differential behavior in phosphorus-doped zigzag graphene nanoribbons ▶     Fei Zou, Lin Zhu, Kailun Yao     On the basis of the density functional theory combined with the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green’s function method, we investigate the spin-dependent transport properties of …             Micro-Fresnel-Zone-Plate Array on Flexible Substrate for Large Field-of-View and Focus Scanning ▶     Mohammad J. Moghimi, Jayer Fernandes, Aditi Kanhere et al.     Field of view and accommodative focus are two fundamental attributes of many imaging systems, ranging from human eyes to microscopes. Here, we present arrays of Fresnel zone …             Facile Synthesis of Defective TiO2−x Nanocrystals with High Surface Area and Tailoring Bandgap for Visible-light Photocatalysis ▶     Muhammad Wajid Shah, Yunqing Zhu, Xiaoyun Fan et al.     A facile hydrothermal approach has been developed to prepare defective TiO2−x nanocrystals using Ti(III)-salt as a precursor and L-ascorbic acid as reductant and structure …             Electronic Properties of Fluoride and Half–fluoride Superlattices KZnF3/KAgF3 and SrTiO3/KAgF3 ▶     Xiaoping Yang, Haibin Su     We present the formation of cupratelike electronic structures in KAgF3–related superlattices resulted from the confinement together with structural chemical modification by using …             The quantum Ising model: finite sums and hyperbolic functions ▶     Bogdan Damski     We derive exact closed-form expressions for several sums leading to hyperbolic functions and discuss their applicability for studies of finite-size Ising spin chains. We show how …             Two Quantum Protocols for Oblivious Set-member Decision Problem ▶     Run-hua Shi, Yi Mu, Hong Zhong et al.     In this paper, we defined a new secure multi-party computation problem, called Oblivious Set-member Decision problem, which allows one party to decide whether a secret of another …             Coexistence of Antiferromagnetism and Superconductivity in Heavy Fermion Cerium Compound Ce3PdIn11 ▶     M. Kratochvílová, J. Prokleška, K. Uhlířová et al.     Many current research efforts in strongly correlated systems focus on the interplay between magnetism and superconductivity. Here we report on coexistence of both cooperative …             Nanorod Surface Plasmon Enhancement of Laser-Induced Ultrafast Demagnetization ▶     Haitian Xu, Ghazal Hajisalem, Geoffrey M. Steeves et al.     Ultrafast laser-induced magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic thin films were measured using a femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser in a pump-probe magneto-optic Kerr effect setup. …             Highly efficient organic light emitting diodes formed by solution processed red emitters with evaporated blue common layer structure ▶     Ye Ram Cho, Hyung Suk Kim, Young-Jun Yu et al.     We prepared highly-efficient solution-processed red phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) with a blue common layer structure that can reasonably confine the …             Screen printed passive components for flexible power electronics ▶     Aminy E. Ostfeld, Igal Deckman, Abhinav M. Gaikwad et al.     Additive and low-temperature printing processes enable the integration of diverse electronic devices, both power-supplying and power-consuming, on flexible substrates at low …             Large Scale Laser Crystallization of Solution-based Alumina-doped Zinc Oxide (AZO) Nanoinks for Highly Transparent Conductive Electrode ▶     Qiong Nian, Michael Callahan, Mojib Saei et al.     A new method combining aqueous solution printing with UV Laser crystallization (UVLC) and post annealing is developed to deposit highly transparent and conductive Aluminum doped …             Influence of dust and mud on the optical, chemical, and mechanical properties of a pv protective glass ▶     Bekir Sami. Yilbas, Haider Ali, Mazen M. Khaled et al.     Recent developments in climate change have increased the frequency of dust storms in the Middle East. Dust storms significantly influence the performances of solar energy …             Formation of charged ferroelectric domain walls with controlled periodicity ▶     Petr S. Bednyakov, Tomas Sluka, Alexander K. Tagantsev et al.     Charged domain walls in proper ferroelectrics were shown recently to possess metallic-like conductivity. Unlike conventional heterointerfaces, these walls can be displaced inside …             Modeling the effect of comprehensive interventions on Ebola virus transmission ▶     Mingwang Shen, Yanni Xiao, Libin Rong     Since the re-emergence of Ebola in West Africa in 2014, comprehensive and stringent interventions have been implemented to decelerate the spread of the disease. The effectiveness …             Ultrafast traveling wave dominates the electric organ discharge of Apteronotus leptorhynchus: an inverse modelling study ▶     Aaron R. Shifman, André Longtin, John E. Lewis     Identifying and understanding the current sources that give rise to bioelectric fields is a fundamental problem in the biological sciences. It is very difficult, for example, to …             Tunable Multi-switching in Plasmonic Waveguide with Kerr Nonlinear Resonator ▶     Zhihui He, Hongjian Li, Shiping Zhan et al.     We propose a nanoplasmonic waveguide side-coupled with bright-dark-dark resonators in our paper. A multi-oscillator theory derived from the typical two-oscillator model, is …             Multiblock copolymers exhibiting spatio-temporal structure with autonomous viscosity oscillation ▶     Michika Onoda, Takeshi Ueki, Mitsuhiro Shibayama et al.     Here we report an ABA triblock copolymer that can express microscopic autonomous formation and break-up of aggregates under constant condition to generate macroscopic …             Fractional Solitons in Excitonic Josephson Junctions ▶     Ya-Fen Hsu, Jung-Jung Su     The Josephson effect is especially appealing to physicists because it reveals macroscopically the quantum order and phase. In excitonic bilayers the effect is even subtler due to …             Dynamical Buildup of Lasing in Mesoscale Devices ▶     T. Wang, G. P. Puccioni, G. L. Lippi     The classical description of laser field buildup, based on time-averaged photon statistics of Class A lasers, rests on a statistical mixture of coherent and incoherent photons. …             Erratum: Quantitative analysis of magnetic spin and orbital moments from an oxidized iron (1 1 0) surface using electron magnetic circular dichroism ▶     Thomas Thersleff, Jan Rusz, Stefano Rubino et al.                 Nanoscale volume confinement and fluorescence enhancement with double nanohole aperture ▶     Raju Regmi, Ahmed A. Al Balushi, Hervé Rigneault et al.     Diffraction ultimately limits the fluorescence collected from a single molecule, and sets an upper limit to the maximum concentration to isolate a single molecule in the …             Parsimonious description for predicting high-dimensional dynamics ▶     Yoshito Hirata, Tomoya Takeuchi, Shunsuke Horai et al.     When we observe a system, we often cannot observe all its variables and may have some of its limited measurements. Under such a circumstance, delay coordinates, vectors made of …             Coherent ultrafast spin-dynamics probed in three dimensional topological insulators ▶     F. Boschini, M. Mansurova, G. Mussler et al.     Topological insulators are candidates to open up a novel route in spin based electronics. Different to traditional ferromagnetic materials, where the carrier spin-polarization …             Erratum: Electric-field control of magnetic moment in Pd ▶     Aya Obinata, Yuki Hibino, Daichi Hayakawa et al.                 Heartbeat of the Sun from Principal Component Analysis and prediction of solar activity on a millenium timescale ▶     V. V. Zharkova, S. J. Shepherd, E. Popova et al.     We derive two principal components (PCs) of temporal magnetic field variations over the solar cycles 21–24 from full disk magnetograms covering about 39% of data variance, with σ…             Electrical stimulation of non-classical photon emission from diamond color centers by means of sub-superficial graphitic electrodes ▶     Jacopo Forneris, Paolo Traina, Daniele Gatto Monticone et al.     Focused MeV ion beams with micrometric resolution are suitable tools for the direct writing of conductive graphitic channels buried in an insulating diamond bulk, as already …             CH-π Interaction Driven Macroscopic Property Transition on Smart Polymer Surface ▶     Minmin Li, Guangyan Qing, Yuting Xiong et al.     Life systems have evolved to utilize weak noncovalent interactions, particularly CH-π interaction, to achieve various biofunctions, for example cellular communication, immune …             Bending light via adiabatic optical transition in longitudinally modulated photonic lattices ▶     Bin Han, Lei Xu, Yiling Dou et al.     Bending light in a controllable way is desired in various applications such as beam steering, navigating and cloaking. Different from the conventional way to bend light by …             Electrospun Fibrous Membranes with Super-large-strain Electric Superhydrophobicity ▶     Hua Zhou, Hongxia Wang, Haitao Niu et al.     Large-strain elastic superhydrophobicity is highly desirable for its enhanced use performance and functional reliability in mechanically dynamic environments, but remains …             Printing Highly Controlled Suspended Carbon Nanotube Network on Micro-patterned Superhydrophobic Flexible Surface ▶     Bo Li, Xin Wang, Hyun Young Jung et al.     Suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) offer unique functionalities for electronic and electromechanical systems. Due to their outstanding flexible nature, suspended …             Gradual edge enhancement in spiral phase contrast imaging with fractional vortex filters ▶     Jikang Wang, Wuhong Zhang, Qianqian Qi et al.     In the spiral phase contrast imaging, the integer spiral phase plate (SPP) are generally employed to perform the radial Hilbert transform on the object. Here we introduce …             PVP-Assisted Solvothermal Synthesis of High-Yielded Bi2Te3 Hexagonal Nanoplates: Application in Passively Q-Switched Fiber Laser ▶     Xin He, Hang Zhang, Wei Lin et al.     High-yielded Bi2Te3 hexagonal nanoplates were fabricated via a facile solvothermal method with the assistance of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP). Effects of PVP molecular weight …             Direct Conversion of CH3NH3PbI3 from Electrodeposited PbO for Highly Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells ▶     Jin-hua Huang, Ke-jian Jiang, Xue-ping Cui et al.     Organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite materials have recently been identified as a promising light absorber for solar cells. In the efficient solar cells, the perovskite active …             Gap state analysis in electric-field-induced band gap for bilayer graphene ▶     Kaoru Kanayama, Kosuke Nagashio     The origin of the low current on/off ratio at room temperature in dual-gated bilayer graphene field-effect transistors is considered to be the variable range hopping in gap …             Fluidic Active Transducer for Electricity Generation ▶     YoungJun Yang, Junwoo Park, Soon-Hyung Kwon et al.     Flows in small size channels have been studied for a long time over multidisciplinary field such as chemistry, biology and medical through the various topics. Recently, the …             Magnetic-charge ordering and phase transitions in monopole-conserved square spin ice ▶     Y.-L. Xie, Z.-Z. Du, Z.-B. Yan et al.     Magnetic-charge ordering and corresponding magnetic/monopole phase transitions in spin ices are the emergent topics of condensed matter physics. In this work, we investigate a …             Superadiabatic Controlled Evolutions and Universal Quantum Computation ▶     Alan C. Santos, Marcelo S. Sarandy     Adiabatic state engineering is a powerful technique in quantum information and quantum control. However, its performance is limited by the adiabatic theorem of quantum mechanics. …             Toward industrial scale synthesis of ultrapure singlet nanoparticles with controllable sizes in a continuous gas-phase process ▶     Jicheng Feng, George Biskos, Andreas Schmidt-Ott     Continuous gas-phase synthesis of nanoparticles is associated with rapid agglomeration, which can be a limiting factor for numerous applications. In this report, we challenge …             An analytic model for accurate spring constant calibration of rectangular atomic force microscope cantilevers ▶     Rui Li, Hongfei Ye, Weisheng Zhang et al.     Spring constant calibration of the atomic force microscope (AFM) cantilever is of fundamental importance for quantifying the force between the AFM cantilever tip and the sample. …             Erratum: Structural Mechanism for Regulation of Bcl-2 protein Noxa by phosphorylation ▶     Christine B. Karim, L. Michel Espinoza-Fonseca, Zachary M. James et al.                 X-ray Scatter Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Mouse Model Using Nanoparticle Contrast Agents ▶     Danielle Rand, Zoltan Derdak, Rolf Carlson et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and is almost uniformly fatal. Current methods of detection include ultrasound examination and …             Dual-Modality Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging System for Noninvasive Sentinel Lymph Node Detection in Patients with Breast Cancer ▶     Alejandro Garcia-Uribe, Todd N. Erpelding, Arie Krumholz et al.     The detection of regional lymph node metastases is important in cancer staging as it guides the prognosis of the patient and the strategy for treatment. Sentinel lymph node …             A Gaze Independent Brain-Computer Interface Based on Visual Stimulation through Closed Eyelids ▶     Han-Jeong Hwang, Valeria Y. Ferreria, Daniel Ulrich et al.     A classical brain-computer interface (BCI) based on visual event-related potentials (ERPs) is of limited application value for paralyzed patients with severe oculomotor …             Electronic transport properties of Ir-decorated graphene ▶     Yilin Wang, Shudong Xiao, Xinghan Cai et al.     Graphene decorated with 5d transitional metal atoms is predicted to exhibit many intriguing properties; for example iridium adatoms are proposed to induce a substantial …             On-chip plasmonic waveguide optical waveplate ▶     Linfei Gao, Yijie Huo, Kai Zang et al.     Polarization manipulation is essential in almost every photonic system ranging from telecommunications to bio-sensing to quantum information. This is traditionally achieved using …             a-SiNx:H-based ultra-low power resistive random access memory with tunable Si dangling bond conduction paths ▶     Xiaofan Jiang, Zhongyuan Ma, Jun Xu et al.     The realization of ultra-low power Si-based resistive switching memory technology will be a milestone in the development of next generation non-volatile memory. Here we show that …             Plasmon-Induced Transparency by Hybridizing Concentric-Twisted Double Split Ring Resonators ▶     Mohammad Parvinnezhad Hokmabadi, Elizabath Philip, Elmer Rivera et al.     As a classical analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency, plasmon induced transparency (PIT) has attracted great attention by mitigating otherwise cumbersome …             Interface control of electronic transport across the magnetic phase transition in SrRuO3/SrTiO3 heterointerface ▶     S. Roy, C. Autieri, B. Sanyal et al.     The emerging material class of complex-oxides, where manipulation of physical properties lead to new functionalities at their heterointerfaces, is expected to open new frontiers …             High sensitive space electric field sensing based on micro fiber interferometer with field force driven gold nanofilm ▶     Tao Zhu, Liming Zhou, Min Liu et al.     The traditional electrical field sensing can be realized by utilizing electro-optic materials or liquid crystals, and has limitations of easy breakdown, free assembly and …             Corrigendum: Collective Motion of Swarming Agents Evolving on a Sphere Manifold: A Fundamental Framework and Characterization ▶     Wei Li                 Effect of the thin-film limit on the measurable optical properties of graphene ▶     Jakub Holovský, Sylvain Nicolay, Stefaan De Wolf et al.     The fundamental sheet conductance of graphene can be directly related to the product of its absorption coefficient, thickness and refractive index. The same can be done for …             High-Gain High-Field Fusion Plasma ▶     Ge Li     A Faraday wheel (FW)—an electric generator of constant electrical polarity that produces huge currents—could be implemented in an existing tokamak to study high-gain high-field …             Optical Characterization of Strong UV Luminescence Emitted from the Excitonic Edge of Nickel Oxide Nanotowers ▶     Ching-Hwa Ho, Yi-Ming Kuo, Ching-Hsiang Chan et al.     NiO had been claimed to have the potential for application in transparent conducting oxide, electrochromic device for light control, and nonvolatile memory device. However, the …             Topological computation based on direct magnetic logic communication ▶     Shilei Zhang, Alexander A. Baker, Stavros Komineas et al.     Non-uniform magnetic domains with non-trivial topology, such as vortices and skyrmions, are proposed as superior state variables for nonvolatile information storage. So far, the …             Sources of plutonium in the atmosphere and stratosphere-troposphere mixing ▶     Katsumi Hirose, Pavel P. Povinec     Plutonium isotopes have primarily been injected to the stratosphere by the atmospheric nuclear weapon tests and the burn-up of the SNAP-9A satellite. Here we show by using …             Density dependent composition of InAs quantum dots extracted from grazing incidence x-ray diffraction measurements ▶     Manjula Sharma, Milan K. Sanyal, Ian Farrer et al.     Epitaxial InAs quantum dots grown on GaAs substrate are being used in several applications ranging from quantum communications to solar cells. The growth mechanism of these dots …             Shortcuts to adiabatic passage for fast generation of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states by transitionless quantum driving ▶     Ye-Hong Chen, Yan Xia, Jie Song et al.     Berry’s approach on “transitionless quantum driving” shows how to set a Hamiltonian which drives the dynamics of a system along instantaneous eigenstates of a reference …             Systemic Risk Analysis on Reconstructed Economic and Financial Networks ▶     Giulio Cimini, Tiziano Squartini, Diego Garlaschelli et al.     We address a fundamental problem that is systematically encountered when modeling real-world complex systems of societal relevance: the limitedness of the information available. …             Tunable magnetocaloric effect in transition metal alloys ▶     Dustin D. Belyea, M. S. Lucas, E. Michel et al.     The unpredictability of geopolitical tensions and resulting supply chain and pricing instabilities make it imperative to explore rare earth free magnetic materials. As such, we …             Running and tumbling with E. coli in polymeric solutions ▶     A. E. Patteson, A. Gopinath, M. Goulian et al.     Run-and-tumble motility is widely used by swimming microorganisms including numerous prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Here, we experimentally investigate the run-and-tumble …             Synergistic anti-tumor therapy by a comb-like multifunctional antibody nanoarray with exceptionally potent activity ▶     Huafei Li, Yun Sun, Di Chen et al.     Simultaneously blocking multiple mediators offers new hope for the treatment of complex diseases. However, the curative potential of current combination therapy by chronological …             Sexual behavior, risk perception, and HIV transmission can respond to HIV antiviral drugs and vaccines through multiple pathways ▶     Stephen Tully, Monica Cojocaru, Chris T. Bauch     There has been growing use of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) for HIV and significant progress in developing prophylactic HIV vaccines. The simplest theories of …             Reinforcing endothelial junctions prevents microvessel permeability increase and tumor cell adhesion in microvessels in vivo ▶     Bingmei M. Fu, Jinlin Yang, Bin Cai et al.     Tumor cell adhesion to the microvessel wall is a critical step during tumor metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a secretion of tumor cells, can increase …             Strongly-coupled plasmas formed from laser-heated solids ▶     M. Lyon, S. D. Bergeson, G. Hart et al.     We present an analysis of ion temperatures in laser-produced plasmas formed from solids with different initial lattice structures. We show that the equilibrium ion temperature is …             Multifunctional Single-Phase Photocatalysts: Extended Near Infrared Photoactivity and Reliable Magnetic Recyclability ▶     Xiaoning Li, Zhu Zhu, Feng Li et al.     A practical photocatalyst should be able to integrate together various functions including the extended solar conversion, a feasible and economic recyclability, and above the …             Reconstruction of two-dimensional molecular structure with laser-induced electron diffraction from laser-aligned polyatomic molecules ▶     Chao Yu, Hui Wei, Xu Wang et al.     Imaging the transient process of molecules has been a basic way to investigate photochemical reactions and dynamics. Based on laser-induced electron diffraction and partial …             Impurity channels of the long-lived Mossbauer effect ▶     Yao-Yuan Liu, Yao Cheng     Recent reports have suggested that the nuclear resonant absorption of a long-lived Mossbauer state e.g., 93mNb is mediated by an entangled photon pair (biphoton) rather than by a …             Dense Helical Electron Bunch Generation in Near-Critical Density Plasmas with Ultrarelativistic Laser Intensities ▶     Ronghao Hu, Bin Liu, Haiyang Lu et al.     The mechanism for emergence of helical electron bunch(HEB) from an ultrarelativistic circularly polarized laser pulse propagating in near-critical density(NCD) plasma is …             Enhancement of the blue photoluminescence intensity for the porous silicon with HfO2 filling into microcavities ▶     Ran Jiang, Xianghao Du, Weideng Sun et al.     With HfO2 filled into the microcavities of the porous single-crystal silicon, the blue photoluminescence was greatly enhanced at room temperature. On one hand, HfO2 contributes …             A self-stabilized coherent phonon source driven by optical forces ▶     D. Navarro-Urrios, N. E. Capuj, J. Gomis-Bresco et al.     We report a novel injection scheme that allows for “phonon lasing” in a one-dimensional opto-mechanical photonic crystal, in a sideband unresolved regime and with cooperativity …             A Non-sulfided flower-like Ni-PTA Catalyst that Enhances the Hydrotreatment Efficiency of Plant Oil to Produce Green Diesel ▶     Jing Liu, Pan Chen, Lihong Deng et al.     The development of a novel non-sulfided catalyst with high activity for the hydrotreatment processing of plant oils, is of high interest as a way to improve the efficient …             Latticed pentamode acoustic cloak ▶     Yi Chen, Xiaoning Liu, Gengkai Hu     We report in this work a practical design of pentamode acoustic cloak with microstructure. The proposed cloak is assembled by pentamode lattice made of a single-phase solid …             Glass transition of aqueous solutions involving annealing-induced ice recrystallization resolves liquid-liquid transition puzzle of water ▶     Li-Shan Zhao, Ze-Xian Cao, Qiang Wang     Liquid-liquid transition of water is an important concept in condensed-matter physics. Recently, it was claimed to have been confirmed in aqueous solutions based on …             Fourier-transform spectroscopy using an Er-doped fiber femtosecond laser by sweeping the pulse repetition rate ▶     Keunwoo Lee, Joohyung Lee, Yoon-Soo Jang et al.     Femtosecond lasers allow for simultaneous detection of multiple absorption lines of a specimen over a broad spectral range of infrared or visible light with a single …             Sintering boron carbide ceramics without grain growth by plastic deformation as the dominant densification mechanism ▶     Wei Ji, Sahibzada Shakir Rehman, Weimin Wang et al.     A new ceramic sintering approach employing plastic deformation as the dominant mechanism is proposed, at low temperature close to the onset point of grain growth and under high …             Eco-friendly synthesis of metal dichalcogenides nanosheets and their environmental remediation potential driven by visible light ▶     Ashish Kumar Mishra, K. V. Lakshmi, Liping Huang     Exfoliated transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as WS2 and MoS2 have shown exciting potential for energy storage, catalysis and optoelectronics. So far, solution based …             A new nanoscale metastable iron phase in carbon steels ▶     Tianwei Liu, Danxia Zhang, Qing Liu et al.     Metastable ω phase is common in body-centred cubic (bcc) metals and alloys, including high-alloying steels. Recent theoretical calculations also suggest that the ω structure may …             Encrypted Three-dimensional Dynamic Imaging using Snapshot Time-of-flight Compressed Ultrafast Photography ▶     Jinyang Liang, Liang Gao, Pengfei Hai et al.     Compressed ultrafast photography (CUP), a computational imaging technique, is synchronized with short-pulsed laser illumination to enable dynamic three-dimensional (3D) imaging. …             Massive Dirac Fermion Observed in Lanthanide-Doped Topological Insulator Thin Films ▶     S. E. Harrison, L. J. Collins-McIntyre, P. Schönherr et al.     The breaking of time reversal symmetry (TRS) in three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs), and thus the opening of a ‘Dirac-mass gap’ in the linearly dispersed Dirac …             Quantitative micro-elastography: imaging of tissue elasticity using compression optical coherence elastography ▶     Kelsey M. Kennedy, Lixin Chin, Robert A. McLaughlin et al.     Probing the mechanical properties of tissue on the microscale could aid in the identification of diseased tissues that are inadequately detected using palpation or current …             Suppression of Shear Banding and Transition to Necking and Homogeneous Flow in Nanoglass Nanopillars ▶     Sara Adibi, Paulo S. Branicio, Shailendra P. Joshi     In order to improve the properties of metallic glasses (MG) a new type of MG structure, composed of nanoscale grains, referred to as nanoglass (NG), has been recently proposed. …             Multispectral optical metasurfaces enabled by achromatic phase transition ▶     Zeyu Zhao, Mingbo Pu, Hui Gao et al.     The independent control of electromagnetic waves with different oscillating frequencies is critical in the modern electromagnetic techniques, such as wireless communications and …             Heralded high-efficiency quantum repeater with atomic ensembles assisted by faithful single-photon transmission ▶     Tao Li, Fu-Guo Deng     Quantum repeater is one of the important building blocks for long distance quantum communication network. The previous quantum repeaters based on atomic ensembles and linear …             Strong odd-frequency correlations in fully gapped Zeeman-split superconductors ▶     Jacob Linder, Jason W. A. Robinson     It is now well established that at a superconductor/ferromagnet (S/F) interface an unconventional superconducting state arises in which the pairing is odd-frequency. The hallmark …             Spin-glass-like freezing of inner and outer surface layers in hollow γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles ▶     Hafsa Khurshid, Paula Lampen-Kelley, Òscar Iglesias et al.     Disorder among surface spins is a dominant factor in the magnetic response of magnetic nanoparticle systems. In this work, we examine time-dependent magnetization in …             Security of Semi-Device-Independent Random Number Expansion Protocols ▶     Dan-Dan Li, Qiao-Yan Wen, Yu-Kun Wang et al.     Semi-device-independent random number expansion (SDI-RNE) protocols require some truly random numbers to generate fresh ones, with making no assumptions on the internal working …             Simultaneous demultiplexing and steering of multiple orbital angular momentum modes ▶     Shuhui Li, Jian Wang     We present a simple scheme to perform simultaneous demultiplexing and steering of multiple orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes using a single complex phase mask. By designing …             Radioluminescence and photoluminescence of Th:CaF2 crystals ▶     Simon Stellmer, Matthias Schreitl, Thorsten Schumm     We study thorium-doped CaF2 crystals as a possible platform for optical spectroscopy of the 229Th nuclear isomer transition. We anticipate two major sources of background signal …             Secrets of virtuoso: neuromuscular attributes of motor virtuosity in expert musicians ▶     Shinichi Furuya, Takanori Oku, Fumio Miyazaki et al.     Musical performance requires extremely fast and dexterous limb movements. The underlying biological mechanisms have been an object of interest among scientists and non-scientists …             Retinal oxygen extraction in humans ▶     René M. Werkmeister, Doreen Schmidl, Gerold Aschinger et al.     Adequate function of the retina is dependent on proper oxygen supply. In humans, the inner retina is oxygenated via the retinal circulation. We present a method to calculate …             Three-Dimensional Blood-Brain Barrier Model for in vitro Studies of Neurovascular Pathology ▶     Hansang Cho, Ji Hae Seo, Keith H. K. Wong et al.     Blood–brain barrier (BBB) pathology leads to neurovascular disorders and is an important target for therapies. However, the study of BBB pathology is difficult in the absence of …             APOBEC3G Interacts with ssDNA by Two Modes: AFM Studies ▶     Luda S. Shlyakhtenko, Samrat Dutta, Jaspreet Banga et al.     APOBEC3G (A3G) protein has antiviral activity against HIV and other pathogenic retroviruses. A3G has two domains: a catalytic C-terminal domain (CTD) that deaminates cytidine, …             Poly-L-ornithine promotes preferred differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells via ERK signalling pathway ▶     Hongfei Ge, Liang Tan, Pengfei Wu et al.     Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) replacement therapies are the most attractive strategies to restore an injured brain. Key challenges of such therapies are enriching NSPCs …             Annual periodicity in planktonic bacterial and archaeal community composition of eutrophic Lake Taihu ▶     Junfeng Li, Junyi Zhang, Liyang Liu et al.     Bacterioplankton plays a key role in nutrient cycling and is closely related to water eutrophication and algal bloom. We used high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing to profile …             A geometric network model of intrinsic grey-matter connectivity of the human brain ▶     Yi-Ping Lo, Reuben O’Dea, Jonathan J. Crofts et al.     Network science provides a general framework for analysing the large-scale brain networks that naturally arise from modern neuroimaging studies, and a key goal in theoretical …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Decadal trends of the upper ocean salinity in the tropical Indo-Pacific since mid-1990s ▶     Yan Du, Yuhong Zhang, Ming Feng et al.     A contrasting trend pattern of sea surface salinity (SSS) between the western tropical Pacific (WTP) and the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (SETIO) is observed during …             Changing fluxes of carbon and other solutes from the Mekong River ▶     Siyue Li, Richard T. Bush     Rivers are an important aquatic conduit that connects terrestrial sources of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and other elements with oceanic reservoirs. The Mekong River, one of …             Sampling frequency affects estimates of annual nitrous oxide fluxes ▶     L. Barton, B. Wolf, D. Rowlings et al.     Quantifying nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes, a potent greenhouse gas, from soils is necessary to improve our knowledge of terrestrial N2O losses. Developing universal sampling …             Boulders on asteroid Toutatis as observed by Chang’e-2 ▶     Yun Jiang, Jianghui Ji, Jiangchuan Huang et al.     Boulders are ubiquitously found on the surfaces of small rocky bodies in the inner solar system and their spatial and size distributions give insight into the geological …             Species, Abundance and Function of Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea in Inland Waters across China ▶     Leiliu Zhou, Shanyun Wang, Yuxuan Zou et al.     Ammonia oxidation is the first step in nitrification and was thought to be performed solely by specialized bacteria. The discovery of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) changed this …             Integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time detection of airborne microorganisms ▶     Jeongan Choi, Miran Kang, Jae Hee Jung     We demonstrate an integrated micro-optofluidic platform for real-time, continuous detection and quantification of airborne microorganisms. Measurements of the fluorescence and …             Universal Stochastic Multiscale Image Fusion: An Example Application for Shale Rock ▶     Kirill M. Gerke, Marina V. Karsanina, Dirk Mallants     Spatial data captured with sensors of different resolution would provide a maximum degree of information if the data were to be merged into a single image representing all …             Vegetation Greening and Climate Change Promote Multidecadal Rises of Global Land Evapotranspiration ▶     Ke Zhang, John S. Kimball, Ramakrishna R. Nemani et al.     Recent studies showed that anomalous dry conditions and limited moisture supply roughly between 1998 and 2008, especially in the Southern Hemisphere, led to reduced vegetation …             Atmospheric ammonia and its impacts on regional air quality over the megacity of Shanghai, China ▶     Shanshan Wang, Jialiang Nan, Chanzhen Shi et al.     Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) has great environmental implications due to its important role in ecosystem and global nitrogen cycle, as well as contribution to secondary particle …             Biochar, activated carbon, and carbon nanotubes have different effects on fate of 14C-catechol and microbial community in soil ▶     Jun Shan, Rong Ji, Yongjie Yu et al.     This study investigated the effects of biochar, activated carbon (AC)-, and single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs and MWCNTs) in various concentrations (0, 0.2, …             Plant Species Rather Than Climate Greatly Alters the Temporal Pattern of Litter Chemical Composition During Long-Term Decomposition ▶     Yongfu Li, Na Chen, Mark E. Harmon et al.     A feedback between decomposition and litter chemical composition occurs with decomposition altering composition that in turn influences the decomposition rate. Elucidating the …             Light-intensity grazing improves alpine meadow productivity and adaption to climate change on the Tibetan Plateau ▶     Tao Zhang, Yangjian Zhang, Mingjie Xu et al.     To explore grazing effects on carbon fluxes in alpine meadow ecosystems, we used a paired eddy-covariance (EC) system to measure carbon fluxes in adjacent fenced (FM) and grazed …             Plant-microbe rhizosphere interactions mediated by Rehmannia glutinosa root exudates under consecutive monoculture ▶     Linkun Wu, Juanying Wang, Weimin Huang et al.     Under consecutive monoculture, the biomass and quality of Rehmannia glutinosa declines significantly. Consecutive monoculture of R. glutinosa in a four-year field trial led to …             Identifying the metabolic perturbations in earthworm induced by cypermethrin using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry based metabolomics ▶     Ratnasekhar Ch, Amit Kumar Singh, Pathya Pandey et al.     Globally, cypermethrin is one of the most widely used synthetic pyrethroid for agricultural and domestic purposes. Most part of the pesticides used in the agriculture ends up as …             3D chemical imaging in the laboratory by hyperspectral X-ray computed tomography ▶     C. K. Egan, S. D. M. Jacques, M. D. Wilson et al.     We report the development of laboratory based hyperspectral X-ray computed tomography which allows the internal elemental chemistry of an object to be reconstructed and …             Erratum: An 80 kyr-long continuous speleothem record from Dim Cave, SW Turkey with paleoclimatic implications for the Eastern Mediterranean ▶     Ezgi Ünal-İmer, James Shulmeister, Jian-Xin Zhao et al.                 Microbial mediation of complex subterranean mineral structures ▶     Nicola Tisato, Stefano F. F. Torriani, Sylvain Monteux et al.     Helictites—an enigmatic type of mineral structure occurring in some caves—differ from classical speleothems as they develop with orientations that defy gravity. While theories …             Recent Arctic tundra fire initiates widespread thermokarst development ▶     Benjamin M. Jones, Guido Grosse, Christopher D. Arp et al.     Fire-induced permafrost degradation is well documented in boreal forests, but the role of fires in initiating thermokarst development in Arctic tundra is less well understood. …             Forecasting magma-chamber rupture at Santorini volcano, Greece ▶     John Browning, Kyriaki Drymoni, Agust Gudmundsson     How much magma needs to be added to a shallow magma chamber to cause rupture, dyke injection, and a potential eruption? Models that yield reliable answers to this question are …             Alteration of intracellular protein expressions as a key mechanism of the deterioration of bacterial denitrification caused by copper oxide nanoparticles ▶     Yinglong Su, Xiong Zheng, Yinguang Chen et al.     The increasing production and utilization of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) result in the releases into the environment. However, the influence of CuO NPs on bacterial …             Biogeographical role of the Kuroshio Current in the amphibious mudskipper Periophthalmus modestus indicated by mitochondrial DNA data ▶     Lijun He, Takahiko Mukai, Ka Hou Chu et al.     Quaternary climatic cycles have influenced marine organisms’ spatial distribution and population dynamics. This study aimed to elucidate the evolutionary influences of …             Iodine source apportionment in the Malawian diet ▶     M. J. Watts, E. J. M. Joy, S. D. Young et al.     The aim of this study was to characterise nutritional-I status in Malawi. Dietary-I intakes were assessed using new datasets of crop, fish, salt and water-I concentrations, while …             Soil restoration with organic amendments: linking cellular functionality and ecosystem processes ▶     F. Bastida, N. Selevsek, I. F. Torres et al.     A hot topic in recent decades, the application of organic amendments to arid-degraded soils has been shown to benefit microbially-mediated processes. However, despite the …             Complementarity among plant growth promoting traits in rhizospheric bacterial communities promotes plant growth ▶     Mangal Singh, Ashutosh Awasthi, Sumit K. Soni et al.     An assessment of roles of rhizospheric microbial diversity in plant growth is helpful in understanding plant-microbe interactions. Using random combinations of rhizospheric …             Novel Self-driven Microbial Nutrient Recovery Cell with Simultaneous Wastewater Purification ▶     Xi Chen, Dongya Sun, Xiaoyuan Zhang et al.     Conventional wastewater purification technologies consume large amounts of energy, while the abundant chemical energy and nutrient resources contained in sewage are wasted in …             Increases in both temperature means and extremes likely facilitate invasive herbivore outbreaks ▶     Rui-Ting Ju, Hai-Yan Zhu, Lei Gao et al.     Although increases in mean temperature (MT) and extreme high temperature (EHT) can greatly affect population dynamics of insects under global warming, how concurrent changes in …             Long-term rice cultivation stabilizes soil organic carbon and promotes soil microbial activity in a salt marsh derived soil chronosequence ▶     Ping Wang, Yalong Liu, Lianqing Li et al.     Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration with enhanced stable carbon storage has been widely accepted as a very important ecosystem property. Yet, the link between carbon …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Expression profiling of prostate cancer tissue delineates genes associated with recurrence after prostatectomy ▶     Martin Mørck Mortensen, Søren Høyer, Anne-Sophie Lynnerup et al.     Prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death amongst males. The main clinical dilemma in treating prostate cancer is the high number of indolent cases that confer a …             Trastuzumab resistance induces EMT to transform HER2+ PTEN− to a triple negative breast cancer that requires unique treatment options ▶     Joseph P. Burnett, Hasan Korkaya, Maria D. Ouzounova et al.     Although trastuzumab is an effective treatment in early stage HER2+ breast cancer the majority of advanced HER2+ breast cancers develop trastuzumab resistance, especially in the …             Tissue Plasminogen Activator for preclinical stroke research: Neither “rat” nor “human” dose mimics clinical recanalization in a carotid occlusion model ▶     Amelia J. Tomkins, Rebecca J. Hood, Christopher R. Levi et al.     Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only approved thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke, yet many patients do not recanalize. Enhancing thrombolytic efficacy of …             Notching early repolarization pattern in inferior leads increases risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis ▶     Zhiwei Zhang, Konstantinos P. Letsas, Yajuan Yang et al.     The aim of this of this meta-analysis was to examine the potential association between certain early repolarization (ER) characteristics and ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTAs) …             Mechanism of bombesin-induced tonic contraction of the porcine lower esophageal sphincter ▶     Ching-Chung Tsai, Li-Ching Chang, Kai-Jen Lin et al.     Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a disorder that is related to an incompetent lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Previous studies showed that bombesin could increase LES …             Obesity Leads to Tissue, but not Serum Vitamin A Deficiency ▶     Steven E. Trasino, Xiao-Han Tang, Jose Jessurun et al.     Obesity negatively affects multiple metabolic pathways, but little is known about the impact of obesity on vitamin A (VA)[retinol (ROL)], a nutrient that regulates expression of …             The relationship between weight change and risk of hip fracture: meta-analysis of prospective studies ▶     Qing-Bo Lv, Xin Fu, Hai-Ming Jin et al.     The relationship between weight change and risk of hip fracture is still controversial. We searched PubMed and Embase for studies on weight change and risk of hip fracture. Eight …             Non-periodic outbreaks of recurrent epidemics and its network modelling ▶     Muhua Zheng, Chaoqing Wang, Jie Zhou et al.     The study of recurrent epidemic outbreaks has been attracting great attention for decades, but its underlying mechanism is still under debate. Based on a large number of real …             Heterogeneity of miR-10b expression in circulating tumor cells ▶     Christin Gasch, Prue N. Plummer, Lidija Jovanovic et al.     Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients are recognized as important potential targets for future anticancer therapies. As mediators of metastatic spread, …             Inhibition of tribbles protein-1 attenuates radioresistance in human glioma cells ▶     Bo Tang, Wei Wu, Qing Zhang et al.     Radiotherapy is one of the remedies in the treatment of glioma. The radioresistance is a major drawback, of which the mechanism is unclear. Tribble protein and histone …             Evolving pneumococcal serotypes and sequence types in relation to high antibiotic stress and conditional pneumococcal immunization ▶     Lin-Hui Su, An-Jing Kuo, Ju-Hsin Chia et al.     In Taiwan, beginning in 2013, the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was provided free of charge to children 2–5 years of age. In 2014, this was extended to …             Chronic lung infection by Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm is cured by L-Methionine in combination with antibiotic therapy ▶     Divya Prakash Gnanadhas, Monalisha Elango, Akshay Datey et al.     Bacterial biofilms are associated with 80–90% of infections. Within the biofilm, bacteria are refractile to antibiotics, requiring concentrations >1,000 times the minimum …             Long Non Coding RNA MALAT1 Promotes Tumor Growth and Metastasis by inducing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ▶     Xuan Zhou, Su Liu, Guoshuai Cai et al.     The prognosis of advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients remains dismal, and a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms is critical for identifying …             Lipid mediator profile in vernix caseosa reflects skin barrier development ▶     Antonio Checa, Tina Holm, Marcus O. D. Sjödin et al.     Vernix caseosa (VC) is a protective layer that covers the skin of most human newborns. This study characterized the VC lipid mediator profile, and examined its relationship to …             Neither Single nor a Combination of Routine Laboratory Parameters can Discriminate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative Bacteremia ▶     Franz Ratzinger, Michel Dedeyan, Matthias Rammerstorfer et al.     Adequate early empiric antibiotic therapy is pivotal for the outcome of patients with bloodstream infections. In clinical practice the use of surrogate laboratory parameters is …             Systemic differences in serum metabolome: a cross sectional comparison of women with localised and widespread pain and controls ▶     J. Hadrévi, M. Björklund, E. Kosek et al.     Chronic musculoskeletal pain exists either as localised to a single region or as widespread to multiple sites in several quadrants of the body. Prospective studies indicate that …             Deacetylation-mediated interaction of SIRT1-HMGB1 improves survival in a mouse model of endotoxemia ▶     Jung Seok Hwang, Hyuk Soo Choi, Sun Ah Ham et al.     Inflammatory signal-mediated release of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a damage-associated molecular pattern or alarmin. The inflammatory functions of HMGB1 have been …             NAA10 mutation causing a novel intellectual disability syndrome with Long QT due to N-terminal acetyltransferase impairment ▶     Jillian P. Casey, Svein I. Støve, Catherine McGorrian et al.     We report two brothers from a non-consanguineous Irish family presenting with a novel syndrome characterised by intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism, scoliosis and long …             A zebrafish model of Poikiloderma with Neutropenia recapitulates the human syndrome hallmarks and traces back neutropenia to the myeloid progenitor ▶     Elisa A. Colombo, Silvia Carra, Laura Fontana et al.     Poikiloderma with Neutropenia (PN) is an autosomal recessive genodermatosis characterized by early-onset poikiloderma, pachyonychia, hyperkeratosis, bone anomalies and …             Immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 Deficiency Improves Obesity and Metabolic Disorders ▶     Hiroaki Kimura, Fumitake Usui, Tadayoshi Karasawa et al.     Inflammation plays an important role in the development of obesity and metabolic disorders; however, it has not been fully understood how inflammation occurs and is regulated in …             Associations between occupation exposure to Formaldehyde and semen quality, a primary study ▶     Hai-xu Wang, He-cheng Li, Mo-qi Lv et al.     Formaldehyde (FA), a ubiquitous environmental pollutant, has long been suspected of having male reproductive toxicity. However, FA male reproductive toxicity was inconclusive due …             Amiodarone as an autophagy promoter reduces liver injury and enhances liver regeneration and survival in mice after partial hepatectomy ▶     Chih-Wen Lin, Yaw-Sen Chen, Chih-Che Lin et al.     The deregulation of autophagy is involved in liver regeneration. Here, we investigated the role of autophagy in the regulation of liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy …             Comparative histology of muscle in free ranging cetaceans: shallow versus deep diving species ▶     E. Sierra, A. Fernández, A. Espinosa de los Monteros et al.     Different marine mammal species exhibit a wide range of diving behaviour based on their breath-hold diving capabilities. They are classically categorized as long duration, …             Deletion of Cyclophilin D Impairs β-Oxidation and Promotes Glucose Metabolism ▶     Michele Tavecchio, Sofia Lisanti, Michael J. Bennett et al.     Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a mitochondrial matrix protein implicated in cell death, but a potential role in bioenergetics is not understood. Here, we show that loss or depletion of …             Modeling the effect of comprehensive interventions on Ebola virus transmission ▶     Mingwang Shen, Yanni Xiao, Libin Rong     Since the re-emergence of Ebola in West Africa in 2014, comprehensive and stringent interventions have been implemented to decelerate the spread of the disease. The effectiveness …             Adrenergic DNA damage of embryonic pluripotent cells via β2 receptor signalling ▶     Fan Sun, Xu-Ping Ding, Shi-Min An et al.     Embryonic pluripotent cells are sensitive to genotoxicity though they need more stringent genome integrity to avoid compromising multiple cell lineages and subsequent …             Fluorescently-tagged anti-ganglioside antibody selectively identifies peripheral nerve in living animals ▶     Cynthia A. Massaad, Gang Zhang, Laila Pillai et al.     Selective in vivo delivery of cargo to peripheral nervous system (PNS) has broad clinical and preclinical applications. An important applicability of this approach is systemic …             CFTR-regulated MAPK/NF-κB signaling in pulmonary inflammation in thermal inhalation injury ▶     Zhi Wei Dong, Jing Chen, Ye Chun Ruan et al.     The mechanism underlying pulmonary inflammation in thermal inhalation injury remains elusive. Cystic fibrosis, also hallmarked with pulmonary inflammation, is caused by mutations …             Dietary fiber prevents obesity-related liver lipotoxicity by modulating sterol-regulatory element binding protein pathway in C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat/cholesterol diet ▶     Shufen Han, Jun Jiao, Wei Zhang et al.     Adequate intake of dietary fibers has proven metabolic and cardiovascular benefits, molecular mechanisms remain still limited. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of …             Metro system in Guangzhou as a hazardous reservoir of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci: findings from a point-prevalence molecular epidemiologic study ▶     Yang Peng, Qianting Ou, Dongxin Lin et al.     Staphylococci are common causes of healthcare-associated and community-associated infections. However, limited data are available on the prevalence, phenotypes and molecular …             X-ray Scatter Imaging of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Mouse Model Using Nanoparticle Contrast Agents ▶     Danielle Rand, Zoltan Derdak, Rolf Carlson et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide and is almost uniformly fatal. Current methods of detection include ultrasound examination and …             Corrigendum: Frankincense and myrrh suppress inflammation via regulation of the metabolic profiling and the MAPK signaling pathway ▶     Shulan Su, Jinao Duan, Ting Chen et al.                 Corrigendum: Decreased LKB1 predicts poor prognosis in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ▶     Jian-Yu Yang, Shu-Heng Jiang, De-Jun Liu et al.                 Ancient Chinese Formula Qiong-Yu-Gao Protects Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity Without Reducing Anti-tumor Activity ▶     Zhi-Ying Teng, Xiao-Lan Cheng, Xue-Ting Cai et al.     Cisplatin is a highly effective anti-cancer chemotherapeutic agent; however, its clinical use is severely limited by serious side effects, of which nephrotoxicity is the most …             Gut microbe-derived extracellular vesicles induce insulin resistance, thereby impairing glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle ▶     Youngwoo Choi, Yonghoon Kwon, Dae-Kyum Kim et al.     Gut microbes might influence host metabolic homeostasis and contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), which is characterized by insulin resistance. …             Chemosensory signalling pathways involved in sensing of amino acids by the ghrelin cell ▶     L. Vancleef, T. Van Den Broeck, T. Thijs et al.     Taste receptors on enteroendocrine cells sense nutrients and transmit signals that control gut hormone release. This study aimed to investigate the amino acid (AA) sensing …             Dual-Modality Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging System for Noninvasive Sentinel Lymph Node Detection in Patients with Breast Cancer ▶     Alejandro Garcia-Uribe, Todd N. Erpelding, Arie Krumholz et al.     The detection of regional lymph node metastases is important in cancer staging as it guides the prognosis of the patient and the strategy for treatment. Sentinel lymph node …             Doxycycline hinders phenylalanine fibril assemblies revealing a potential novel therapeutic approach in phenylketonuria ▶     Ada De Luigi, Alessandro Mariani, Massimiliano De Paola et al.     A new paradigm for the aetiopathology of phenylketonuria suggests the presence of amyloid-like assemblies in the brains of transgenic mouse models and patients with …             Aβ42-oligomer Interacting Peptide (AIP) neutralizes toxic amyloid-β42 species and protects synaptic structure and function ▶     Christian Barucker, Heiko J. Bittner, Philip K.-Y. Chang et al.     The amyloid-β42 (Aβ42) peptide is believed to be the main culprit in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD), impairing synaptic function and initiating neuronal degeneration. …             High efficacy vasopermeability drug candidates identified by screening in an ex ovo chorioallantoic membrane model ▶     Desmond Pink, Keith A. Luhrs, Longen Zhou et al.     The use of rodent models to evaluate efficacy during testing is accompanied by significant economic and regulatory hurdles which compound the costs of screening for promising …             In vivo evidence for an endothelium-dependent mechanism in radiation-induced normal tissue injury ▶     Emilie Rannou, Agnès François, Aurore Toullec et al.     The pathophysiological mechanism involved in side effects of radiation therapy, and especially the role of the endothelium remains unclear. Previous results showed that …             Inhibition of Proteasome Activity by Low-dose Bortezomib Attenuates Angiotensin II-induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Apo E−/− Mice ▶     Hualiang Ren, Fangda Li, Cui Tian et al.     Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a leading cause of sudden death in aged people. Activation of ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays a critical role in the protein quality …             Alternative application of Tau protein in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease diagnosis: Improvement for weakly positive 14-3-3 protein in the laboratory ▶     Jae Wook Hyeon, Su Yeon Kim, Jeongmin Lee et al.     The 14-3-3 protein has been used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD). However, weakly positive 14-3-3 leads to false positive results …             Dose-dependent protective effect of nicotine in a murine model of viral myocarditis induced by coxsackievirus B3 ▶     Ge Li-Sha, Zhao Jing-Lin, Chen Guang-Yi et al.     The alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7 nAChR) was recently described as an anti-inflammatory target in various inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to …             Association of ARNTL and PER1 genes with Parkinson's disease: a case-control study of Han Chinese ▶     Zhuqin Gu, BinBin Wang, Yong-Biao Zhang et al.     Circadian disruptions may result in sleep problems, oxidative stress and an altered inflammatory response. These symptoms may contribute to PD pathogenesis, despite a lack of …             A competing risk analysis of sequential complication development in Asian type 2 diabetes mellitus patients ▶     Li-Jen Cheng, Jeng-Huei Chen, Ming-Yen Lin et al.     This retrospective cohort study investigated the progression risk of sequential complication in Asian type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients using the Taiwan Pay-for-Performance Diabetes …             Time-averaged serum potassium levels and its fluctuation associate with 5-year survival of peritoneal dialysis patients: two-center based study ▶     Shen-Heng Li, Jian-Teng Xie, Hai-Bo Long et al.     The time-averaged serum potassium was more comprehensive to reflect the all-time changes of serum potassium levels during peritoneal dialysis (PD). However, the association of …             Dramatic increase in SHP2 binding activity of Helicobacter pylori Western CagA by EPIYA-C duplication: its implications in gastric carcinogenesis ▶     Lisa Nagase, Takeru Hayashi, Toshiya Senda et al.     Infection with cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori is critically associated with the development of gastric cancer. The cagA-encoded CagA is delivered into gastric epithelial cells …             α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone prevents glutamate excitotoxicity in developing chicken retina via MC4R-mediated down-regulation of microRNA-194 ▶     Yan Zhang, Qiyu Bo, Weihui Wu et al.     Glutamate excitotoxicity is a common pathology to blinding ischemic retinopathies, such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and central retinal vein or artery occlusion. The …             Metabolic profiling reveals potential metabolic markers associated with Hypoxia Inducible Factor-mediated signalling in hypoxic cancer cells ▶     Emily G. Armitage, Helen L. Kotze, J. William Allwood et al.     Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) plays an important role in oxygen compromised environments and therefore in tumour survival. In this research, metabolomics has been applied to …             In-vitro Optimization of Nanoparticle-Cell Labeling Protocols for In-vivo Cell Tracking Applications ▶     Oshra Betzer, Rinat Meir, Tamar Dreifuss et al.     Recent advances in theranostic nanomedicine can promote stem cell and immune cell-based therapy. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been shown to be promising agents for in-vivo …             Synergistic anti-tumor therapy by a comb-like multifunctional antibody nanoarray with exceptionally potent activity ▶     Huafei Li, Yun Sun, Di Chen et al.     Simultaneously blocking multiple mediators offers new hope for the treatment of complex diseases. However, the curative potential of current combination therapy by chronological …             Sexual behavior, risk perception, and HIV transmission can respond to HIV antiviral drugs and vaccines through multiple pathways ▶     Stephen Tully, Monica Cojocaru, Chris T. Bauch     There has been growing use of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) for HIV and significant progress in developing prophylactic HIV vaccines. The simplest theories of …             Reinforcing endothelial junctions prevents microvessel permeability increase and tumor cell adhesion in microvessels in vivo ▶     Bingmei M. Fu, Jinlin Yang, Bin Cai et al.     Tumor cell adhesion to the microvessel wall is a critical step during tumor metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a secretion of tumor cells, can increase …             High ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acids in fat-1 mice prevent streptozotocin-induced Purkinje cell degeneration through BDNF-mediated autophagy ▶     Dong Ho Bak, Enji Zhang, Min-Hee Yi et al.     Loss of Purkinje cells has been implicated in the development of diabetic neuropathy, and this degeneration is characterized by impairment of autophagic processes. We evaluated …             Mechanical versus manual chest compressions for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials ▶     Lu Tang, Wan-Jie Gu, Fei Wang     Recent evidence regarding mechanical chest compressions in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is conflicting. The objective of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of …             Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies Frequent Somatic Mutations in Cell-Cell Adhesion Genes in Chinese Patients with Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma ▶     Chenguang Li, Zhibo Gao, Fei Li et al.     Lung squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) accounts for about 30% of all lung cancer cases. Understanding of mutational landscape for this subtype of lung cancer in Chinese patients is …             Abnormalities of plasma cytokines and spleen in senile APP/PS1/Tau transgenic mouse model ▶     Seung-Hoon Yang, Jiyoon Kim, Michael Jisoo Lee et al.     The blood-based diagnosis has a potential to provide an alternative approach for easy diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with less invasiveness and low-cost. However, present …             Body Fluid Interferon-γ Release Assay for Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis ▶     Xiao-Xia Zhou, Ya-Lan Liu, Kan Zhai et al.     The diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is difficult. In recent years, T-cell interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) are widely used in diagnosing tuberculosis. The aim …             Plasmodium berghei ANKA causes intestinal malaria associated with dysbiosis ▶     Tomoyo Taniguchi, Eiji Miyauchi, Shota Nakamura et al.     Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, are frequently observed in patients with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, the correlation between malaria …             PLK1 blockade enhances therapeutic effects of radiation by inducing cell cycle arrest at the mitotic phase ▶     Minoru Inoue, Michio Yoshimura, Minoru Kobayashi et al.     The cytotoxicity of ionizing radiation depends on the cell cycle phase; therefore, its pharmacological manipulation, especially the induction of cell cycle arrest at the …             CETP/LPL/LIPC gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to age-related macular degeneration ▶     Ya-Feng Wang, Yue Han, Rui Zhang et al.     Three high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-related loci have been reported to be associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but the results were inconsistent. In this …             Poly-L-ornithine promotes preferred differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells via ERK signalling pathway ▶     Hongfei Ge, Liang Tan, Pengfei Wu et al.     Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) replacement therapies are the most attractive strategies to restore an injured brain. Key challenges of such therapies are enriching NSPCs …             Three-Dimensional Blood-Brain Barrier Model for in vitro Studies of Neurovascular Pathology ▶     Hansang Cho, Ji Hae Seo, Keith H. K. Wong et al.     Blood–brain barrier (BBB) pathology leads to neurovascular disorders and is an important target for therapies. However, the study of BBB pathology is difficult in the absence of …             Molecular characterisation of phenylketonuria in a Chinese mainland population using next-generation sequencing ▶     Nana Li, Haitao Jia, Zhen Liu et al.     Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder of phenylalanine metabolism, mainly caused by a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). The incidence of …             Quantitative micro-elastography: imaging of tissue elasticity using compression optical coherence elastography ▶     Kelsey M. Kennedy, Lixin Chin, Robert A. McLaughlin et al.     Probing the mechanical properties of tissue on the microscale could aid in the identification of diseased tissues that are inadequately detected using palpation or current …             A correlativity study of plasma APL1β28 and clusterin levels with MMSE/MoCA/CASI in aMCI patients ▶     Ying Meng, Huiying Li, Rui Hua et al.     Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is a sub-clinical condition characterized by memory deficits that are not severe enough to affect daily functioning. Here we …             Binding site residues control inhibitor selectivity in the human norepinephrine transporter but not in the human dopamine transporter ▶     Jacob Andersen, Kristoffer B. Ringsted, Benny Bang-Andersen et al.     The transporters for norepinephrine and dopamine (NET and DAT, respectively) constitute the molecular targets for recreational drugs and therapeutics used in the treatment of …             Novel Monte Carlo approach quantifies data assemblage utility and reveals power of integrating molecular and clinical information for cancer prognosis ▶     Wim Verleyen, Simon P. Langdon, Dana Faratian et al.     Current clinical practice in cancer stratifies patients based on tumour histology to determine prognosis. Molecular profiling has been hailed as the path towards personalised …             Retinal oxygen extraction in humans ▶     René M. Werkmeister, Doreen Schmidl, Gerold Aschinger et al.     Adequate function of the retina is dependent on proper oxygen supply. In humans, the inner retina is oxygenated via the retinal circulation. We present a method to calculate …             Early aggregation preceding the nucleation of insulin amyloid fibrils as monitored by small angle X-ray scattering ▶     Eri Chatani, Rintaro Inoue, Hiroshi Imamura et al.     The nucleation event of amyloid fibrils is one of the most crucial processes that dictate the timing and rate of the pathology of diseases; however, information regarding how …             PAX4 Defines an Expandable β-Cell Subpopulation in the Adult Pancreatic Islet ▶     Petra I. Lorenzo, Esther Fuente-Martín, Thierry Brun et al.     PAX4 is a key regulator of pancreatic islet development whilst in adult acute overexpression protects β-cells against stress-induced apoptosis and stimulates proliferation. …                 • Careers & Jobs           naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       One PhD Position     Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V. 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