Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 1 March 2016

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01 March 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               nature.com webcasts Join us for our upcoming webcast with live Q&A: COMBATING ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE Presented by BioPharma Dealmakers Date: Wednesday, March 9, 2016 Time: 8AM PST, 11AM EST, 4PM GMT, 5PM CET REGISTER FOR FREE Sponsored by: Antabio, Cempra, Helperby, Motif Bio, Polyphor                 Biological Sciences               MASTL(Greatwall) regulates DNA damage responses by coordinating mitotic entry after checkpoint recovery and APC/C activation ▶     Po Yee Wong, Hoi Tang Ma, Hyun-jung Lee et al.     The G2 DNA damage checkpoint is one of the most important mechanisms controlling G2–mitosis transition. The kinase Greatwall (MASTL in human) promotes normal G2–mitosis …             Atom Probe Tomographic Mapping Directly Reveals the Atomic Distribution of Phosphorus in Resin Embedded Ferritin ▶     Daniel E. Perea, Jia Liu, Jonah Bartrand et al.     Here we report the atomic-scale analysis of biological interfaces within the ferritin protein using atom probe tomography that is facilitated by an advanced specimen preparation …             Composition of the outgrowth medium modulates wake-up kinetics and ampicillin sensitivity of stringent and relaxed Escherichia coli ▶     Vallo Varik, Sofia Raquel Alves Oliveira, Vasili Hauryliuk et al.     The transition of Escherichia coli from the exponential into the stationary phase of growth induces the stringent response, which is mediated by the rapid accumulation of the …             Biological movement and the encoding of its motion and orientation ▶     Christopher P. Benton, Martin Thirkettle, Nicholas E. Scott-Samuel     Are you walking at me? Biological movement and the encoding of its motion and orientation. A person’s motion conveys a wealth of information that ranges from the complex, such as …             Intraoperative Identification of Liver Cancer Microfoci Using a Targeted Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Imaging-Guided Surgery ▶     Chaoting Zeng, Wenting Shang, Kun Wang et al.     Difficulties in the highly sensitive detection of tumour microfoci represent a critical obstacle toward improved surgical intervention in liver cancer. Conventional preoperative …             CRISPR/cas9, a novel genomic tool to knock down microRNA in vitro and in vivo ▶     Hong Chang, Bin Yi, Ruixia Ma et al.     MicroRNAs are small and non-coding RNA molecules with the master role in regulation of gene expression at post-transcriptional/translational levels. Many methods have been …             Isothiocyanates as effective agents against enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli: insight to the mode of action ▶     Dariusz Nowicki, Olga Rodzik, Anna Herman-Antosiewicz et al.     Production of Shiga toxins by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) which is responsible for the pathogenicity of these strains, is strictly correlated with induction of …             Chimpanzee accumulative stone throwing ▶     Hjalmar S. Kühl, Ammie K. Kalan, Mimi Arandjelovic et al.     The study of the archaeological remains of fossil hominins must rely on reconstructions to elucidate the behaviour that may have resulted in particular stone tools and their …             Unilateral nephrectomy elongates primary cilia in the remaining kidney via reactive oxygen species ▶     Sang Jun Han, Hee-Seong Jang, Jee In Kim et al.     The length of primary cilia is associated with normal cell and organ function. In the kidney, the change of functional cilia length/mass is associated with various diseases such …             Quantitative map of multiple auditory cortical regions with a stereotaxic fine-scale atlas of the mouse brain ▶     Hiroaki Tsukano, Masao Horie, Ryuichi Hishida et al.     Optical imaging studies have recently revealed the presence of multiple auditory cortical regions in the mouse brain. We have previously demonstrated, using flavoprotein …             Efficient microbial production of stylopine using a Pichia pastoris expression system ▶     Kentaro Hori, Shunsuke Okano, Fumihiko Sato     Stylopine is a protoberberine-type alkaloid that has potential biological activities. Based on the successful microbial production of (S)-reticuline, we attempted to produce …             Perception of the duration of emotional faces in schizophrenic patients ▶     Dandan Zhang, Yanli Zhao, Yunzhe Liu et al.     The level of emotional timing deficit is a critical determinant of daily functions and social interactions in people with schizophrenia. This study demonstrated that people with …             Screening for major driver oncogene alterations in adenosquamous lung carcinoma using PCR coupled with next-generation and Sanger sequencing methods ▶     Xiaohua Shi, Huanwen Wu, Junliang Lu et al.     We investigated the frequency of major driver oncogenes in lung adenosquamous cell carcinoma (ASC) cases. Frequency of EGFR, K-Ras, B-Raf, PIK3CA, DDR2, ALK, and PDGFRA gene …             A PTH-responsive circadian clock operates in ex vivo mouse femur fracture healing site ▶     Tatsuya Kunimoto, Naoki Okubo, Yoichi Minami et al.     The circadian clock contains clock genes including Bmal1 and Period2, and it maintains an interval rhythm of approximately 24 hours (the circadian rhythm) in various organs …             The interaction between Staphylococcus aureus SdrD and desmoglein 1 is important for adhesion to host cells ▶     Fatemeh Askarian, Clement Ajayi, Anne-Merethe Hanssen et al.     Staphylococcus aureus is known as a frequent colonizer of the skin and mucosa. Among bacterial factors involved in colonization are adhesins such as the microbial surface …             Starving honey bee (Apis mellifera) larvae signal pheromonally to worker bees ▶     Xu Jiang He, Xue Chuan Zhang, Wu Jun Jiang et al.     Cooperative brood care is diagnostic of animal societies. This is particularly true for the advanced social insects, and the honey bee is the best understood of the insect …             Generalized Negative Reciprocity in the Dictator Game – How to Interrupt the Chain of Unfairness ▶     Sabrina Strang, Xenia Grote, Katarina Kuss et al.     Humans are tremendously sensitive to unfairness. Unfairness provokes strong negative emotional reactions and influences our subsequent decision making. These decisions might not …             Lost region in amyloid precursor protein (APP) through TALEN-mediated genome editing alters mitochondrial morphology ▶     Yajie Wang, Fengyi Wu, Haining Pan et al.     Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in the brain. Aβ plaques are produced through sequential β/γ cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP), …             Roles of Distal and Genic Methylation in the Development of Prostate Tumorigenesis Revealed by Genome-wide DNA Methylation Analysis ▶     Yao Wang, Rohit Ramakant Jadhav, Joseph Liu et al.     Aberrant DNA methylation at promoters is often linked to tumorigenesis. But many aspects of DNA methylation remain unexplored, including the individual roles of distal and gene …             Engineering of soybean mosaic virus as a versatile tool for studying protein–protein interactions in soybean ▶     Jang-Kyun Seo, Hong-Soo Choi, Kook-Hyung Kim     Transient gene expression approaches are valuable tools for rapid introduction of genes of interest and characterization of their functions in plants. Although agroinfiltration …             Questioning the role of the frontopolar cortex in multi-component behavior – a TMS/EEG study ▶     Krutika Gohil, Gabriel Dippel, Christian Beste     Cognitive control is central to many every day situations. There, we usually have to combine different actions to achieve a task goal. Several lines of research indicated that …             A novel hepatovirus identified in wild woodchuck Marmota himalayana ▶     Jie-mei Yu, Li-li Li, Cui-yuan Zhang et al.     Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a hepatotropic picornavirus that causes acute liver disease worldwide. Here, we report on the identification of a novel hepatovirus tentatively named …             Identification of Meflin as a Potential Marker for Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ▶     Keiko Maeda, Atsushi Enomoto, Akitoshi Hara et al.     Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) in culture are derived from BM stromal cells or skeletal stem cells. Whereas MSCs have been exploited in clinical …             Abundant box jellyfish, Chironex sp. (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Chirodropidae), discovered at depths of over 50 m on western Australian coastal reefs ▶     John K. Keesing, Joanna Strzelecki, Marcus Stowar et al.     Box jellyfish cause human fatalities and have a life cycle and habit associated with shallow waters (<5 m) in mangrove creeks, coastal beaches, embayments. In north-western …             Cobalt oxide nanoparticles can enter inside the cells by crossing plasma membranes ▶     Elena Bossi, Daniele Zanella, Rosalba Gornati et al.     The ability of nanoparticles (NPs) to be promptly uptaken by the cells makes them both dangerous and useful to human health. It was recently postulated that some NPs might cross …             Autoimmune Responses to Soluble Aggregates of Amyloidogenic Proteins Involved in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Overlapping Aggregation Prone and Autoimmunogenic regions ▶     Sandeep Kumar, A. Mary Thangakani, R. Nagarajan et al.     Why do patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases generate autoantibodies that selectively bind soluble aggregates of amyloidogenic proteins? Presently, molecular basis …             High sea surface temperatures driven by a strengthening current reduce foraging success by penguins ▶     Gemma Carroll, Jason D. Everett, Robert Harcourt et al.     The world’s oceans are undergoing rapid, regionally specific warming. Strengthening western boundary currents play a role in this phenomenon, with sea surface temperatures (SST) …             Dietary sugar intake increases liver tumor incidence in female mice ▶     Marin E. Healy, Sujoy Lahiri, Stefan R. Hargett et al.     Overnutrition can promote liver cancer in mice and humans that have liver damage caused by alcohol, viruses, or carcinogens. However, the mechanism linking diet to increased …             Phylogeography of a semi-aquatic bug, Microvelia horvathi (Hemiptera: Veliidae): an evaluation of historical, geographical and ecological factors ▶     Zhen Ye, Gengping Zhu, Jakob Damgaard et al.     Subtropical China is a centre of speciation and well known for its high biological diversity and endemism. To understand the impact of historical, geographical and ecological …             The Transcriptional Landscape of the Photosynthetic Model Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 ▶     Miguel A. Hernández-Prieto, Trudi Ann Semeniuk, Joaquín Giner-Lamia et al.     Cyanobacteria exhibit a great capacity to adapt to different environmental conditions through changes in gene expression. Although this plasticity has been extensively studied in …             Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) contributes to the proliferation of hematopoietic progenitor cells in murine bone marrow via PACAP-specific receptor ▶     Zhifang Xu, Hirokazu Ohtaki, Jun Watanabe et al.     Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP, encoded by adcyap1) plays an important role in ectodermal development. However, the involvement of PACAP in the …             In vivo and in vitro infection dynamics of honey bee viruses ▶     Jimena Carrillo-Tripp, Adam G. Dolezal, Michael J. Goblirsch et al.     The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is commonly infected by multiple viruses. We developed an experimental system for the study of such mixed viral infections in newly emerged honey …             Highly divergent dengue virus type 1 genotype sets a new distance record ▶     Alyssa T. Pyke, Peter R. Moore, Carmel T. Taylor et al.     Dengue viruses (DENVs) are the leading cause of mosquito-borne viral disease of humans. They exist in both endemic and sylvatic ecotypes. In 2014, a viremic patient who had …             Selection and Use of Manganese Dioxide by Neanderthals ▶     Peter J. Heyes, Konstantinos Anastasakis, Wiebren de Jong et al.     Several Mousterian sites in France have yielded large numbers of small black blocs. The usual interpretation is that these ‘manganese oxides’ were collected for their colouring …             An Inactivated Antibiotic-Exposed Whole-Cell Vaccine Enhances Bactericidal Activities Against Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ▶     Meng-Hooi Shu, NorAziyah MatRahim, NurAsyura NorAmdan et al.     Vaccination may be an alternative treatment for infection with multidrug-resistance (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii. The study reported here evaluated the bactericidal antibody …             Chitosan nanoparticles synthesis caught in action using microdroplet reactions ▶     Vivek Kamat, Dhananjay Bodas, Kishore Paknikar     The ionic gelation process for the synthesis of chitosan nanoparticles was carried out in microdroplet reactions. The synthesis could be stopped instantaneously at different time …             miRepress: modelling gene expression regulation by microRNA with non-conventional binding sites ▶     Suman Ghosal, Shekhar Saha, Shaoli Das et al.     Some earlier studies have reported an alternative mode of microRNA-target interaction. We detected target regions within mRNA transcripts from AGO PAR-CLIP that did not contain …             Temperature sensitivity and enzymatic mechanisms of soil organic matter decomposition along an altitudinal gradient on Mount Kilimanjaro ▶     Еvgenia Blagodatskaya, Sergey Blagodatsky, Nikita Khomyakov et al.     Short-term acceleration of soil organic matter decomposition by increasing temperature conflicts with the thermal adaptation observed in long-term studies. Here we used the …             In vivo optical imaging of MMP2 immuno protein antibody: tumor uptake is associated with MMP2 activity ▶     Kranthi Marella Panth, Twan van den Beucken, Rianne Biemans et al.     Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) is important in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis and tumor invasion. In this study, we investigated if the Cy5-tagged small immuno protein targeting …             Unexpected Reaction Pathway for butyrylcholinesterase-catalyzed inactivation of “hunger hormone” ghrelin ▶     Jianzhuang Yao, Yaxia Yuan, Fang Zheng et al.     Extensive computational modeling and simulations have been carried out, in the present study, to uncover the fundamental reaction pathway for butyrylcholinesterase …             Silane modified upconversion nanoparticles with multifunctions: imaging, therapy and hypoxia detection ▶     Shihan Xu, Xinran Zhang, Hongwei Xu et al.     Herein, we report a facile route to synthesize silane coated upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs@silane) with an ultrathin layer (the thickness: 1–2 nm), which not only provides …             Global metabolic analyses identify key differences in metabolite levels between polymyxin-susceptible and polymyxin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ▶     Mohd Hafidz Mahamad Maifiah, Soon-Ee Cheah, Matthew D. Johnson et al.     Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii presents a global medical crisis and polymyxins are used as the last-line therapy. This study aimed to identify metabolic differences …             Statistical prediction of protein structural, localization and functional properties by the analysis of its fragment mass distributions after proteolytic cleavage ▶     Mikhail I. Bogachev, Airat R. Kayumov, Oleg A. Markelov et al.     Structural, localization and functional properties of unknown proteins are often being predicted from their primary polypeptide chains using sequence alignment with already …             Microfluidic enrichment for the single cell analysis of circulating tumor cells ▶     Trifanny Yeo, Swee Jin Tan, Chew Leng Lim et al.     Resistance to drug therapy is a major concern in cancer treatment. To probe clones resistant to chemotherapy, the current approach is to conduct pooled cell analysis. However, …             Microspatial variability in community structure and photophysiology of calcified macroalgal microbiomes revealed by coupling of hyperspectral and high-resolution fluorescence imaging ▶     R. G. Perkins, C. J. Williamson, J. Brodie et al.     Calcifying coralline macroalgae provide biogenic habitats colonised by epiphytic microalgae that contribute significantly to community productivity. Georeferenced hyperspectral …             Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection inhibits RLR-mediated Type-I IFN-independent signalling through upregulation of cellular autophagy ▶     Xinwei Huang, Yaofei Yue, Duo Li et al.     Antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) of dengue virus (DENV) infection is identified as the main risk factor of severe Dengue diseases. Through opsonization by subneutralizing or …             Muscle and liver-specific alterations in lipid and acylcarnitine metabolism after a single bout of exercise in mice ▶     Miriam Hoene, Jia Li, Yanjie Li et al.     Intracellular lipid pools are highly dynamic and tissue-specific. Physical exercise is a strong physiologic modulator of lipid metabolism, but most studies focus on changes …             Vortex ring behavior provides the epigenetic blueprint for the human heart ▶     Per M. Arvidsson, Sándor J. Kovács, Johannes Töger et al.     The laws of fluid dynamics govern vortex ring formation and precede cardiac development by billions of years, suggesting that diastolic vortex ring formation is instrumental in …             Label-free imaging to study phenotypic behavioural traits of cells in complex co-cultures ▶     Rakesh Suman, Gabrielle Smith, Kathryn E. A. Hazel et al.     Time-lapse imaging is a fundamental tool for studying cellular behaviours, however studies of primary cells in complex co-culture environments often requires fluorescent …             New insights into virulence mechanisms of rice pathogen Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae strain RS-1 following exposure to ß-lactam antibiotics ▶     Bin Li, Mengyu Ge, Yang Zhang et al.     Recent research has shown that pathogen virulence can be altered by exposure to antibiotics, even when the growth rate is unaffected. Investigating this phenomenon provides new …             Using mutagenesis to explore conserved residues in the RNA-binding groove of influenza A virus nucleoprotein for antiviral drug development ▶     Chia-Lin Liu, Hui-Chen Hung, Shou-Chen Lo et al.     Nucleoprotein (NP) is the most abundant type of RNA-binding viral protein in influenza A virus–infected cells and is necessary for viral RNA transcription and replication. Recent …             The association between telomere length and cancer risk in population studies ▶     Xun Zhu, Wei Han, Wenjie Xue et al.     Telomeres are crucial in the maintenance of chromosome integrity and genomic stability. A series of epidemiological studies have examined the association between telomere length …             Evolution of the assassin’s arms: insights from a phylogeny of combined transcriptomic and ribosomal DNA data (Heteroptera: Reduvioidea) ▶     Junxia Zhang, Eric R. L. Gordon, Michael Forthman et al.     Assassin bugs (Reduvioidea) are one of the most diverse (>7,000 spp.) lineages of predatory animals and have evolved an astounding diversity of raptorial leg modifications for …             An Integrative Pharmacogenomic Approach Identifies Two-drug Combination Therapies for Personalized Cancer Medicine ▶     Yin Liu, Teng Fei, Xiaoqi Zheng et al.     An individual tumor harbors multiple molecular alterations that promote cell proliferation and prevent apoptosis and differentiation. Drugs that target specific molecular …             A polyalanine peptide derived from polar fish with anti-infectious activities ▶     Marlon H. Cardoso, Suzana M. Ribeiro, Diego O. Nolasco et al.     Due to the growing concern about antibiotic-resistant microbial infections, increasing support has been given to new drug discovery programs. A promising alternative to counter …             Venom gland transcriptome analyses of two freshwater stingrays (Myliobatiformes: Potamotrygonidae) from Brazil ▶     Nelson Gomes de Oliveira Júnior, Gabriel da Rocha Fernandes, Marlon Henrique Cardoso et al.     Stingrays commonly cause human envenoming related accidents in populations of the sea, near rivers and lakes. Transcriptomic profiles have been used to elucidate components of …             The Macrophage-depleting Agent Clodronate Promotes Durable Hematopoietic Chimerism and Donor-specific Skin Allograft Tolerance in Mice ▶     Zhanzhuo Li, Xin Xu, Xingmin Feng et al.     Hematopoietic chimerism is known to promote donor-specific organ allograft tolerance; however, clinical translation has been impeded by the requirement for toxic …             A glycoconjugate of Haemophilus influenzae Type b capsular polysaccharide with tetanus toxoid protein: hydrodynamic properties mainly influenced by the carbohydrate ▶     Ali Saber Abdelhameed, Gary G. Adams, Gordon A. Morris et al.     Three important physical properties which may affect the performance of glycoconjugate vaccines against serious disease are molar mass (molecular weight), heterogeneity …             Culture-independent method for identification of microbial enzyme-encoding genes by activity-based single-cell sequencing using a water-in-oil microdroplet platform ▶     Kazuki Nakamura, Ryo Iizuka, Shinro Nishi et al.     Environmental microbes are a great source of industrially valuable enzymes with potent and unique catalytic activities. Unfortunately, the majority of microbes remain …             Renal Tumor Necrosis Factor α Contributes to Hypertension in Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats ▶     Baorui Huang, Yuan Cheng, Kristie Usa et al.     Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) is a major proinflammatory cytokine and its level is elevated in hypertensive states. Inflammation occurs in the kidneys during the development of …             Regulatory T cells inhibit CD34+ cell differentiation into NK cells by blocking their proliferation ▶     Isabela Pedroza-Pacheco, Divya Shah, Anna Domogala et al.     Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD) remains one of the main complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Due to their ability to suppress effector cells, …             Rab6a is a novel regulator of meiotic apparatus and maturational progression in mouse oocytes ▶     Xiaojing Hou, Jiaqi Zhang, Ling Li et al.     Rab family GTPases have been well known to regulate intracellular vesicle transport, however their function in mammalian oocytes has not been addressed. In this study, we report …             Evaluation of the antinociceptive activities of enaminone compounds on the formalin and hot plate tests in mice ▶     Willias Masocha, Samuel B. Kombian, Ivan O. Edafiogho     Recently, we found that methyl 4-(4′-bromophenyl)aminocyclohex-3-en-6-methyl-2-oxo-1-oate (E139), an anticonvulsant enaminone, has antinociceptive activity in the hot plate test. …             The STIM1-Orai1 pathway of store-operated Ca2+ entry controls the checkpoint in cell cycle G1/S transition ▶     Yun-Wen Chen, Yih-Fung Chen, Ying-Ting Chen et al.     Ca2+ signaling is important to trigger the cell cycle progression, while it remains elusive in the regulatory mechanisms. Here we show that store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), …             Resolving evolutionary relationships in lichen-forming fungi using diverse phylogenomic datasets and analytical approaches ▶     Steven D. Leavitt, Felix Grewe, Todd Widhelm et al.     Evolutionary histories are now being inferred from unprecedented, genome-scale datasets for a broad range of organismal groups. While phylogenomic data has helped in resolving a …             In situ Proteomic Profiling of Curcumin Targets in HCT116 Colon Cancer Cell Line ▶     Jigang Wang, Jianbin Zhang, Chong-Jing Zhang et al.     To date, the exact targets and mechanism of action of curcumin, a natural product with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, remain elusive. Here we synthesized a cell …             Staphylococcus aureus-derived factors induce IL-10, IFN-γ and IL-17A-expressing FOXP3+CD161+ T-helper cells in a partly monocyte-dependent manner ▶     Sophia Björkander, Lena Hell, Maria A. Johansson et al.     Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a human pathogen as well as a frequent colonizer of skin and mucosa. This bacterium potently activates conventional T-cells through …             Functional modules of sigma factor regulons guarantee adaptability and evolvability ▶     Sebastian C. Binder, Denitsa Eckweiler, Sebastian Schulz et al.     The focus of modern molecular biology turns from assigning functions to individual genes towards understanding the expression and regulation of complex sets of molecules. Here, …             Deubiquitinase MYSM1 Is Essential for Normal Bone Formation and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation ▶     Ping Li, Yan-Mei Yang, Suzi Sanchez et al.     Deubiquitinase MYSM1 has been shown to play a critical role in hematopoietic cell differentiation and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are …             Hiding true emotions: micro-expressions in eyes retrospectively concealed by mouth movements ▶     Miho Iwasaki, Yasuki Noguchi     When we encounter someone we dislike, we may momentarily display a reflexive disgust expression, only to follow-up with a forced smile and greeting. Our daily lives are replete …             Quantifying Lgr5-positive stem cell behaviour in the pyloric epithelium ▶     Marc Leushacke, Nick Barker, Carmen Pin     Using in-vivo lineage tracing data we quantified clonal expansion as well as proliferation and differentiation of the Lgr5-positive stem cell population in pyloric gastric …             A new strategy to express the extracellular α-amylase from Pyrococcus furiosus in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens ▶     Ping Wang, Peili Wang, Jian Tian et al.     Extracellular α-amylase from Pyrococcus furiosus (PFA) shows great starch-processing potential for industrial application due to its thermostability, long half-life and optimal …             Effects of changes in straw chemical properties and alkaline soils on bacterial communities engaged in straw decomposition at different temperatures ▶     Guixiang Zhou, Jiabao Zhang, Congzhi Zhang et al.     Differences in the composition of a bacterial community engaged in decomposing wheat straw in a fluvo-aquic soil at 15 °C, 25 °C, and 35 °C were identified using barcode …             Generation and characterization of rat liver stem cell lines and their engraftment in a rat model of liver failure ▶     Ewart W. Kuijk, Shauna Rasmussen, Francis Blokzijl et al.     The rat is an important model for liver regeneration. However, there is no in vitro culture system that can capture the massive proliferation that can be observed after partial …             Distinct Expression Patterns Of Causative Genes Responsible For Hereditary Progressive Hearing Loss In Non-Human Primate Cochlea ▶     Makoto Hosoya, Masato Fujioka, Kaoru Ogawa et al.     Hearing impairment is the most frequent sensory deficit in humans. Deafness genes, which harbor pathogenic mutations that have been identified in families with hereditary hearing …             Hyper-active non-homologous end joining selects for synthetic lethality resistant and pathological Fanconi anemia hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells ▶     Wei Du, Surya Amarachintha, Andrew F. Wilson et al.     The prominent role of Fanconi anemia (FA) proteins involves homologous recombination (HR) repair. Poly[ADP-ribose] polymerase1 (PARP1) functions in multiple cellular processes …             A sociobiological origin of pregnancy failure in domestic dogs ▶     Luděk Bartoš, Jitka Bartošová, Helena Chaloupková et al.     Among domestic dog breeders it is common practice to transfer a domestic dog bitch out of her home environment for mating, bringing her back after the mating. If the home …             Prognostic Impact of Modulators of G proteins in Circulating Tumor Cells from Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer ▶     Jorge Barbazan, Ying Dunkel, Hongying Li et al.     The consequence of a loss of balance between G-protein activation and deactivation in cancers has been interrogated by studying infrequently occurring mutants of trimeric …             Substrate-dependent dynamics of the multidrug efflux transporter AcrB of Escherichia coli ▶     Kentaro Yamamoto, Rei Tamai, Megumi Yamazaki et al.     The resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND)-type xenobiotic efflux system plays a major role in the multidrug resistance of gram-negative bacteria. The only constitutively …             Sesquiterpene emissions from Alternaria alternata and Fusarium oxysporum: Effects of age, nutrient availability, and co-cultivation ▶     Fabian Weikl, Andrea Ghirardo, Jörg-Peter Schnitzler et al.     Alternaria alternata is one of the most studied fungi to date because of its impact on human life – from plant pathogenicity to allergenicity. However, its sesquiterpene …             Methuselah/Methuselah-like G protein-coupled receptors constitute an ancient metazoan gene family ▶     Alexandre de Mendoza, Jeffery W. Jones, Markus Friedrich     Inconsistent conclusions have been drawn regarding the phylogenetic age of the Methuselah/Methuselah-like (Mth/Mthl) gene family of G protein-coupled receptors, the founding …             Touch influences perceived gloss ▶     Wendy J. Adams, Iona S. Kerrigan, Erich W. Graf     Identifying an object’s material properties supports recognition and action planning: we grasp objects according to how heavy, hard or slippery we expect them to be. Visual cues …             In-situ and real-time growth observation of high-quality protein crystals under quasi-microgravity on earth ▶     Akira Nakamura, Jun Ohtsuka, Tatsuki Kashiwagi et al.     Precise protein structure determination provides significant information on life science research, although high-quality crystals are not easily obtained. We developed a system …             Surf and turf: predation by egg-eating snakes has led to the evolution of parental care in a terrestrial lizard ▶     David A. Pike, Rulon W. Clark, Andrea Manica et al.     Animals display a great diversity of parental care tactics that ultimately enhance offspring survival, but how such behaviors evolve remains unknown for most systems. Here, we …             Field trials to evaluate the effects of transgenic cry1Ie maize on the community characteristics of arthropod natural enemies ▶     Jingfei Guo, Kanglai He, Richard L. Hellmich et al.     Possible non-target effect of transgenic cry1Ie maize exerts on natural enemy community biodiversity in the field is unresolved. In the present study, a 2-yr comparison of …             Serological detection and analysis of anti-VP1 responses against various enteroviruses (EV) (EV-A, EV-B and EV-C) in Chinese individuals ▶     Caixia Gao, Yingying Ding, Peng Zhou et al.     The overall serological prevalence of EV infections based on ELISA remains unknown. In the present study, the antibody responses against VP1 of the EV-A species (enterovirus 71 …             A novel cold-adapted and highly salt-tolerant esterase from Alkalibacterium sp. SL3 from the sediment of a soda lake ▶     Guozeng Wang, Qiaohuang Wang, Xianju Lin et al.     A novel esterase gene (estSL3) was cloned from the Alkalibacterium sp. SL3, which was isolated from the sediment of soda lake Dabusu. The 636-bp full-length gene encodes a …             Network centrality and seasonality interact to predict lice load in a social primate ▶     Julie Duboscq, Valeria Romano, Cédric Sueur et al.     Lice are socially-transmitted ectoparasites. Transmission depends upon their host’s degree of contact with conspecifics. While grooming facilitates ectoparasite transmission via …             Resistin Induces Hypertension and Insulin Resistance in Mice via a TLR4-Dependent Pathway ▶     Yun Jiang, Linfang Lu, Youtao Hu et al.     Resistin, an adipokine involved in insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes, has recently been reported to play a role in cardiovascular events. However, its effect on blood pressure …             Inferring sparse networks for noisy transient processes ▶     Hoang M. Tran, Satish T.S. Bukkapatnam     Inferring causal structures of real world complex networks from measured time series signals remains an open issue. The current approaches are inadequate to discern between …             Shedding light on ovothiol biosynthesis in marine metazoans ▶     Immacolata Castellano, Oriana Migliaccio, Salvatore D’Aniello et al.     Ovothiol, isolated from marine invertebrate eggs, is considered one of the most powerful antioxidant with potential for drug development. However, its biological functions in …             A mirror code for protein-cholesterol interactions in the two leaflets of biological membranes ▶     Jacques Fantini, Coralie Di Scala, Luke S. Evans et al.     Cholesterol controls the activity of a wide range of membrane receptors through specific interactions and identifying cholesterol recognition motifs is therefore critical for …             Dedicated Industrial Oilseed Crops as Metabolic Engineering Platforms for Sustainable Industrial Feedstock Production ▶     Li-Hua Zhu, Frans Krens, Mark A. Smith et al.     Feedstocks for industrial applications ranging from polymers to lubricants are largely derived from petroleum, a non-renewable resource. Vegetable oils with fatty acid structures …             Fishing-induced life-history changes degrade and destabilize harvested ecosystems ▶     Anna Kuparinen, Alice Boit, Fernanda S. Valdovinos et al.     Fishing is widely known to magnify fluctuations in targeted populations. These fluctuations are correlated with population shifts towards young, small, and more quickly maturing …             Biliverdin targets enolase and eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α) to reduce the growth of intraerythrocytic development of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum ▶     Eduardo Alves, Fernando V. Maluf, Vânia B. Bueno et al.     In mammals, haem degradation to biliverdin (BV) through the action of haem oxygenase (HO) is a critical step in haem metabolism. The malaria parasite converts haem into the …             Synergistic Processing of Biphenyl and Benzoate: Carbon Flow Through the Bacterial Community in Polychlorinated-Biphenyl-Contaminated Soil ▶     Mary-Cathrine Leewis, Ondrej Uhlik, Mary Beth Leigh     Aerobic mineralization of PCBs, which are toxic and persistent organic pollutants, involves the upper (biphenyl, BP) and lower (benzoate, BZ) degradation pathways. The activity …             Membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase induces epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Observations from clinical and in vitro analyses ▶     Lijuan Pang, Qiuxiang Li, Shugang Li et al.     Membrane type 1-matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is associated with enhanced tumorigenicity in many cancers. A recent study has revealed that MT1-MMP induces …             Role of Excessive Autophagy Induced by Mechanical Overload in Vein Graft Neointima Formation: Prediction and Prevention ▶     Ya-Ju Chang, Hui-Chun Huang, Yuan-Yu Hsueh et al.     Little is known regarding the interplays between the mechanical and molecular bases for vein graft restenosis. We elucidated the stenosis initiation using a high-frequency …             Understanding HIV-Mycobacteria synergism through comparative proteomics of intra-phagosomal mycobacteria during mono- and HIV co-infection ▶     Rakesh Ganji, Snigdha Dhali, Arshad Rizvi et al.     Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the most common co-infection in HIV patients and a serious co-epidemic. Apart from increasing the risk of reactivation of latent tuberculosis …             Genetically engineered flavonol enriched tomato fruit modulates chondrogenesis to increase bone length in growing animals ▶     Dharmendra Choudhary, Ashutosh Pandey, Sulekha Adhikary et al.     Externally visible body and longitudinal bone growth is a result of proliferation of chondrocytes. In growth disorder, there is delay in the age associated increase in height. …             Mass vaccination, immunity and coverage: modelling population protection against foot-and-mouth disease in Turkish cattle ▶     T. J. D. Knight-Jones, S. Gubbins, A. N. Bulut et al.     Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Turkey is controlled using biannual mass vaccination of cattle. However, vaccine protection is undermined by population turnover and declining …             Effects of local structural transformation of lipid-like compounds on delivery of messenger RNA ▶     Bin Li, Xiao Luo, Binbin Deng et al.     Lipid-like nanoparticles (LLNs) have shown great potential for RNA delivery. Lipid-like compounds are key components in LLNs. In this study, we investigated the effects of local …             BPOZ-2 Gene Delivery Ameliorates Alpha-Synucleinopathy in A53T Transgenic Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease ▶     Avik Roy, Suresh Babu Rangasamy, Madhuchhanda Kundu et al.     Ankyrin-rich BTB/POZ domain containing protein-2 or BPOZ-2, a scaffold protein, has been recently shown to control the degradation of many biological proteins ranging from …             Mutation analysis of the phospholamban gene in 315 South Africans with dilated, hypertrophic, peripartum and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathies ▶     Maryam Fish, Gasnat Shaboodien, Sarah Kraus et al.     Cardiomyopathy is an important cause of heart failure in Sub-Saharan Africa, accounting for up to 30% of adult heart failure hospitalisations. This high prevalence poses a …             Synergistic Effect of Cold Atmospheric Plasma and Drug Loaded Core-shell Nanoparticles on Inhibiting Breast Cancer Cell Growth ▶     Wei Zhu, Se-Jun Lee, Nathan J. Castro et al.     Nano-based drug delivery devices allowing for effective and sustained targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to solid tumors have revolutionized cancer treatment. As an emerging …             Heterologous Production of the Marine Myxobacterial Antibiotic Haliangicin and Its Unnatural Analogues Generated by Engineering of the Biochemical Pathway ▶     Yuwei Sun, Zhiyang Feng, Tomohiko Tomura et al.     Despite their fastidious nature, marine myxobacteria have considerable genetic potential to produce novel secondary metabolites. The marine myxobacterium Haliangium ochraceum …             Multifrequency Force Microscopy of Helical Protein Assembly on a Virus ▶     Annalisa Calò, Aitziber Eleta-Lopez, Pablo Stoliar et al.     High-resolution microscopy techniques have been extensively used to investigate the structure of soft, biological matter at the nanoscale, from very thin membranes to small …             PS341 inhibits hepatocellular and colorectal cancer cells through the FOXO3/CTNNB1 signaling pathway ▶     Zhao Yang, Shengwu Liu, Mingao Zhu et al.     Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are among the most common cancers across the world. Particularly, a large number of patients with CRC also have liver …             Asialoglycoprotein receptor-magnetic dual targeting nanoparticles for delivery of RASSF1A to hepatocellular carcinoma ▶     Wan-Jiang Xue, Ying Feng, Fei Wang et al.     We developed a nanovector with double targeting properties for efficiently delivering the tumor suppressor gene RASSF1A specifically into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells by …             Internal exposure dynamics drive the Adverse Outcome Pathways of synthetic glucocorticoids in fish ▶     Luigi Margiotta-Casaluci, Stewart F. Owen, Belinda Huerta et al.     The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework represents a valuable conceptual tool to systematically integrate existing toxicological knowledge from a mechanistic perspective to …             Corrigendum: Pseudo-immortalization of postnatal cochlear progenitor cells yields a scalable cell line capable of transcriptionally regulating mature hair cell genes ▶     Brandon J. Walters, Shiyong Diao, Fei Zheng et al.                 Corrigendum: Dnmts and Tet target memory-associated genes after appetitive olfactory training in honey bees ▶     Stephanie D. Biergans, C. Giovanni Galizia, Judith Reinhard et al.                 Profiling the genome-wide DNA methylation pattern of porcine ovaries using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing ▶     Xiao-Long Yuan, Ning Gao, Yan Xing et al.     Substantial evidence has shown that DNA methylation regulates the initiation of ovarian and sexual maturation. Here, we investigated the genome-wide profile of DNA methylation in …             Spatio-temporal co-ordination of RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42 activation during prototypical edge protrusion and retraction dynamics ▶     Katrin Martin, Andreas Reimann, Rafael D. Fritz et al.     The three canonical Rho GTPases RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42 co-ordinate cytoskeletal dynamics. Recent studies indicate that all three Rho GTPases are activated at the leading edge of …             Causal connectivity alterations of cortical-subcortical circuit anchored on reduced hemodynamic response brain regions in first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder ▶     Qing Gao, Ke Zou, Zongling He et al.     Some efforts were done to investigate the disruption of brain causal connectivity networks involved in major depressive disorder (MDD) using Granger causality (GC) analysis. …             dPABBs: A Novel in silico Approach for Predicting and Designing Anti-biofilm Peptides ▶     Arun Sharma, Pooja Gupta, Rakesh Kumar et al.     Increasingly, biofilms are being recognised for their causative role in persistent infections (like cystic fibrosis, otitis media, diabetic foot ulcers) and nosocomial diseases …             Erratum: Development of insect resistant maize plants expressing a chitinase gene from the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis ▶     Gamal H. Osman, Shireen K. Assem, Rasha M. Alreedy et al.                 Quantitative imaging of gold nanoparticle distribution in a tumor-bearing mouse using benchtop x-ray fluorescence computed tomography ▶     Nivedh Manohar, Francisco J. Reynoso, Parmeswaran Diagaradjane et al.     X-ray fluorescence computed tomography (XFCT) is a technique that can identify, quantify, and locate elements within objects by detecting x-ray fluorescence (characteristic …             Reintroduction of confiscated and displaced mammals risks outbreeding and introgression in natural populations, as evidenced by orang-utans of divergent subspecies ▶     Graham L. Banes, Biruté M. F. Galdikas, Linda Vigilant     Confiscated and displaced mammals are often taken to sanctuaries, where the explicit goal may be reintroduction to the wild. By inadvertently collecting animals from different …             Erratum: Effects of Testosterone Administration on Strategic Gambling in Poker Play ▶     Jack van Honk, Geert-Jan Will, David Terburg et al.                 Parasite infection accelerates age polyethism in young honey bees ▶     Antoine Lecocq, Annette Bruun Jensen, Per Kryger et al.     Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are important pollinators and their health is threatened worldwide by persistent exposure to a wide range of factors including pesticides, poor …             Directed evolution of G protein-coupled receptors in yeast for higher functional production in eukaryotic expression hosts ▶     Marco Schütz, Jendrik Schöppe, Erik Sedlák et al.     Despite recent successes, many G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) remained refractory to detailed molecular studies due to insufficient production yields, even in the most …             Depolarizing GABA/glycine synaptic events switch from excitation to inhibition during frequency increases ▶     Pascal Branchereau, Daniel Cattaert, Alain Delpy et al.     By acting on their ionotropic chloride channel receptors, GABA and glycine represent the major inhibitory transmitters of the central nervous system. Nevertheless, in various …             Near Infrared Fluorescence (NIRF) Molecular Imaging of Oxidized LDL with an Autoantibody in Experimental Atherosclerosis ▶     Ramzi Y Khamis, Kevin J. Woollard, Gareth D. Hyde et al.     We aimed to develop a quantitative antibody-based near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) approach for the imaging of oxidized LDL in atherosclerosis. LO1, a well- characterized …             Spatial and temporal evolution of Lassa virus in the natural host population in Upper Guinea ▶     Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet, Stephan Ölschläger, Thomas Strecker et al.     This study aimed at reconstructing the spatial and temporal evolution of Lassa virus (LASV) in the natural host population. To this end, we generated 132 partial nucleoprotein …             Universal structures of normal and pathological heart rate variability ▶     Alfonso M. Gañán-Calvo, Juan Fajardo-López     The circulatory system of living organisms is an autonomous mechanical system softly tuned with the respiratory system, and both developed by evolution as a response to the …             Truncation of C-terminal 20 amino acids in PA-X contributes to adaptation of swine influenza virus in pigs ▶     Guanlong Xu, Xuxiao Zhang, Yipeng Sun et al.     The PA-X protein is a fusion protein incorporating the N-terminal 191 amino acids of the PA protein with a short C-terminal sequence encoded by an overlapping ORF (X-ORF) in …             Evaluation of Parameters for High Efficiency Transformation of Acinetobacter baumannii ▶     Suleyman Yildirim, Mitchell G. Thompson, Anna C. Jacobs et al.     Acinetobacter baumannii is an emerging, nosocomial pathogen that is poorly characterized due to a paucity of genetic tools and methods. While whole genome sequence data from …             Epigenetic Silencing of the Key Antioxidant Enzyme Catalase in Karyotypically Abnormal Human Pluripotent Stem Cells ▶     Mikko Konki, Kalyan Pasumarthy, Maia Malonzo et al.     Epigenomic regulation is likely to be important in the maintenance of genomic integrity of human pluripotent stem cells, however, the mechanisms are unknown. We explored the …             Anti-Microbial Dendrimers against Multidrug-Resistant P. aeruginosa Enhance the Angiogenic Effect of Biological Burn-wound Bandages ▶     Philippe Abdel-Sayed, Ariane Kaeppli, Thissa Siriwardena et al.     Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa has increased progressively and impedes further regression in mortality in burn patients. Such wound infections serve as bacterial …             Corrigendum: The Type II Secreted Lipase/Esterase LesA is a Key Virulence Factor Required for Xylella fastidiosa Pathogenesis in Grapevines ▶     Rafael Nascimento, Hossein Gouran, Sandeep Chakraborty et al.                 BPA-Induced Deregulation Of Epigenetic Patterns: Effects On Female Zebrafish Reproduction ▶     Stefania Santangeli, Francesca Maradonna, Giorgia Gioacchini et al.     Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the commonest Endocrine Disruptor Compounds worldwide. It interferes with vertebrate reproduction, possibly by inducing deregulation of epigenetic …             Bacterial cellulose synthesis mechanism of facultative anaerobe Enterobacter sp. FY-07 ▶     Kaihua Ji, Wei Wang, Bing Zeng et al.     Enterobacter sp. FY-07 can produce bacterial cellulose (BC) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Three potential BC synthesis gene clusters (bcsI, bcsII and bcsIII) of …             CRISPR/Cas9-mediated GJA8 knockout in rabbits recapitulates human congenital cataracts ▶     Lin Yuan, Tingting Sui, Mao Chen et al.     Cataracts are the leading cause of vision loss in the world, although surgical treatment can restore vision in cataract patients. Until now, there have been no adequate animal …             A novel three-dimensional smile analysis based on dynamic evaluation of facial curve contour ▶     Yi Lin, Han Lin, Qiuping Lin et al.     The influence of three-dimensional facial contour and dynamic evaluation decoding on factors of smile esthetics is essential for facial beauty improvement. However, the kinematic …             Nitrogen oxide cycle regulates nitric oxide levels and bacterial cell signaling ▶     Yasuyuki Sasaki, Haruka Oguchi, Takuya Kobayashi et al.     Nitric oxide (NO) signaling controls various metabolic pathways in bacteria and higher eukaryotes. Cellular enzymes synthesize and detoxify NO; however, a mechanism that controls …             Intact perception but abnormal orientation towards face-like objects in young children with ASD ▶     Quentin Guillon, Bernadette Rogé, Mohammad H. Afzali et al.     There is ample behavioral evidence of diminished orientation towards faces as well as the presence of face perception impairments in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but the …             Culex quinquefasciatus larval microbiomes vary with instar and exposure to common wastewater contaminants ▶     Marcus J. Pennington, Sean M. Prager, William E. Walton et al.     Like many insects, mosquitoes, rely on endosymbionts to grow and develop. These can be acquired from the environment. We used next generation 454 pyrosequencing to discern the …             Cell intrinsic role of NF-κB-inducing kinase in regulating T cell-mediated immune and autoimmune responses ▶     Yanchuan Li, Hui Wang, Xiaofei Zhou et al.     NF-κB inducing kinase (NIK) is a central component of the noncanonical NF-κB signaling pathway. Although NIK has been extensively studied for its function in the regulation of …             Sparse deconvolution of high-density super-resolution images ▶     Siewert Hugelier, Johan J. de Rooi, Romain Bernex et al.     In wide-field super-resolution microscopy, investigating the nanoscale structure of cellular processes, and resolving fast dynamics and morphological changes in cells requires …             Inactivated poliovirus type 2 vaccine delivered to rat skin via high density microprojection array elicits potent neutralising antibody responses ▶     David A. Muller, Frances E. Pearson, Germain J.P. Fernando et al.     Polio eradication is progressing rapidly, and the live attenuated Sabin strains in the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) are being removed sequentially, starting with type 2 in April …             Imaging trace element distributions in single organelles and subcellular features ▶     Yoav Kashiv, Jotham R. Austin II, Barry Lai et al.     The distributions of chemical elements within cells are of prime importance in a wide range of basic and applied biochemical research. An example is the role of the subcellular …             Metatranscriptomics reveals temperature-driven functional changes in microbiome impacting cheese maturation rate ▶     Francesca De Filippis, Alessandro Genovese, Pasquale Ferranti et al.     Traditional cheeses harbour complex microbial consortia that play an important role in shaping typical sensorial properties. However, the microbial metabolism is considered …             A novel peptide with potent and broad-spectrum antiviral activities against multiple respiratory viruses ▶     Hanjun Zhao, Jie Zhou, Ke Zhang et al.     A safe, potent and broad-spectrum antiviral is urgently needed to combat emerging respiratory viruses. In light of the broad antiviral activity of β-defensins, we tested the …             Discovery of novel PDE9 inhibitors capable of inhibiting Aβ aggregation as potential candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Tao Su, Tianhua Zhang, Shishun Xie et al.     Recently, phosphodiesterase-9 (PDE9) inhibitors and biometal-chelators have received much attention as potential therapeutics for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, …             Specific IgA Enhances the Transcytosis and Excretion of Hepatitis A Virus ▶     Natalie A. Counihan, David A. Anderson     Hepatitis A virus (HAV) replicates in the liver, and is excreted from the body in feces. However, the mechanisms of HAV transport from hepatocytes to the gastrointestinal tract …             New strategy for drug discovery by large-scale association analysis of molecular networks of different species ▶     Bo Zhang, Yingxue Fu, Chao Huang et al.     The development of modern omics technology has not significantly improved the efficiency of drug development. Rather precise and targeted drug discovery remains unsolved. Here a …             The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor regulates human fetal lung development via CFTR ▶     Sarah C. Brennan, William J. Wilkinson, Hsiu-Er Tseng et al.     Optimal fetal lung growth requires anion-driven fluid secretion into the lumen of the developing organ. The fetus is hypercalcemic compared to the mother and here we show that in …             Erratum: Insights into the pan-microbiome: skin microbial communities of Chinese individuals differ from other racial groups ▶     Marcus H. Y. Leung, David Wilkins, Patrick K. H. Lee                 Specific regulation of PRMT1 expression by PIAS1 and RKIP in BEAS-2B epithelia cells and HFL-1 fibroblasts in lung inflammation ▶     Li Liu, Qingzhu Sun, Rujuan Bao et al.     Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) catalyzes methylation of histones and other cellular proteins, and thus regulates gene transcription and protein activity. In …             DoOR 2.0 - Comprehensive Mapping of Drosophila melanogaster Odorant Responses ▶     Daniel Münch, C. Giovanni Galizia     Odors elicit complex patterns of activated olfactory sensory neurons. Knowing the complete olfactome, i.e. the responses in all sensory neurons for all relevant odorants, is …             Probing metabolic states of differentiating stem cells using two-photon FLIM ▶     Aleksandra V. Meleshina, Varvara V. Dudenkova, Marina V. Shirmanova et al.     The ability of stem cells to differentiate into specialized cell types presents a number of opportunities for regenerative medicine, stem cell therapy and developmental biology. …             Pharmacological BACE1 and BACE2 inhibition induces hair depigmentation by inhibiting PMEL17 processing in mice ▶     Derya R. Shimshek, Laura H. Jacobson, Carine Kolly et al.     Melanocytes of the hair follicle produce melanin and are essential in determining the differences in hair color. Pigment cell-specific MELanocyte Protein (PMEL17) plays a crucial …             Large-scale mitogenomics enables insights into Schizophora (Diptera) radiation and population diversity ▶     Ana Carolina M. Junqueira, Ana Maria L. Azeredo-Espin, Daniel F. Paulo et al.     True flies are insects of the order Diptera and encompass one of the most diverse groups of animals on Earth. Within dipterans, Schizophora represents a recent radiation of …             The Transcriptional Foundations of Sp110-mediated Macrophage (RAW264.7) Resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra ▶     Yongyan Wu, Zekun Guo, Kezhen Yao et al.     Human tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a leading global health problem, causing 1.3 million deaths each year. The nuclear body protein, …             Molecular Recognition by Templated Folding of an Intrinsically Disordered Protein ▶     Angelo Toto, Carlo Camilloni, Rajanish Giri et al.     Intrinsically disordered proteins often become structured upon interacting with their partners. The mechanism of this ‘folding upon binding’ process, however, has not been fully …             Engineering hybrid exosomes by membrane fusion with liposomes ▶     Yuko T. Sato, Kaori Umezaki, Shinichi Sawada et al.     Exosomes are a valuable biomaterial for the development of novel nanocarriers as functionally advanced drug delivery systems. To control and modify the performance of exosomal …             Bone marrow stromal/stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles regulate osteoblast activity and differentiation in vitro and promote bone regeneration in vivo ▶     Yunhao Qin, Lian Wang, Zhengliang Gao et al.     Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by diverse tissues and play important roles in cell-cell communication, organ interactions and tissue …             Enduring voice recognition in bonobos ▶     Sumir Keenan, Nicolas Mathevon, Jeroen MG Stevens et al.     Long-term social recognition is vital for species with complex social networks, where familiar individuals can encounter one another after long periods of separation. For …             Erratum: Lactate Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer (LATEST) Imaging in vivo: A Biomarker for LDH Activity ▶     Catherine DeBrosse, Ravi Prakash Reddy Nanga, Puneet Bagga et al.                 Rational design and validation of an anti-protein kinase C active-state specific antibody based on conformational changes ▶     Darlene Aparecida Pena, Victor Piana de Andrade, Gabriela Ávila Fernandes Silva et al.     Protein kinase C (PKC) plays a regulatory role in key pathways in cancer. However, since phosphorylation is a step for classical PKC (cPKC) maturation and does not correlate with …             Accumulation of p53 via down-regulation of UBE2D family genes is a critical pathway for cadmium-induced renal toxicity ▶     Jin-Yong Lee, Maki Tokumoto, Yasuyuki Fujiwara et al.     Chronic cadmium (Cd) exposure can induce renal toxicity. In Cd renal toxicity, p53 is thought to be involved. Our previous studies showed that Cd down-regulated gene expression …             5-Aminolevulinic Acid-Mediated Sonodynamic Therapy Inhibits RIPK1/RIPK3-Dependent Necroptosis in THP-1-Derived Foam Cells ▶     Fang Tian, Jianting Yao, Meng Yan et al.     Necroptosis, or programmed necrosis, contributes to the formation of necrotic cores in atherosclerotic plaque in animal models. However, whether inhibition of necroptosis …             Detection of substrate-dependent conformational changes in the P450 fold by nuclear magnetic resonance ▶     Allison M. Colthart, Drew R. Tietz, Yuhua Ni et al.     Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases typically catalyze the insertion of one atom of oxygen from O2 into unactivated carbon-hydrogen and carbon-carbon bonds, with concomitant reduction …             In vivo detection of small tumour lesions by multi-pinhole SPECT applying a 99mTc-labelled nanobody targeting the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor ▶     Thomas Krüwel, Damien Nevoltris, Julia Bode et al.     The detection of tumours in an early phase of tumour development in combination with the knowledge of expression of tumour markers such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) …             Akermanite bioceramics promote osteogenesis, angiogenesis and suppress osteoclastogenesis for osteoporotic bone regeneration ▶     Lunguo Xia, Zhilan Yin, Lixia Mao et al.     It is a big challenge for bone healing under osteoporotic pathological condition with impaired angiogenesis, osteogenesis and remodeling. In the present study, the effect of Ca, …             8-Oxoguanine accumulation in mitochondrial DNA causes mitochondrial dysfunction and impairs neuritogenesis in cultured adult mouse cortical neurons under oxidative conditions ▶     Julio Leon, Kunihiko Sakumi, Erika Castillo et al.     Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are implicated in aging-related neurodegenerative disorders. 8-Oxoguanine (8-oxoG), a common oxidised base lesion, is often highly …             The evolutionary history of genes involved in spoken and written language: beyond FOXP2 ▶     Alessandra Mozzi, Diego Forni, Mario Clerici et al.     Humans possess a communication system based on spoken and written language. Other animals can learn vocalization by imitation, but this is not equivalent to human language. Many …             Thyroid Transcription Factor 1 Reprograms Angiogenic Activities of Secretome ▶     Lauren W. Wood, Nicole I. Cox, Cody A. Phelps et al.     Through both gain- and loss-of-TTF-1 expression strategies, we show that TTF-1 positively regulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and that the VEGF promoter element …             Infants and elderlies are susceptible to zinc deficiency ▶     Hiroshi Yasuda, Toyoharu Tsutsui     The importance of zinc for human health has been recognized since the early 1960s, but today there is little concern about zinc deficiency in developed countries. In this study, …             Demethylation of c-MYB binding site mediates upregulation of Bdnf IV in cocaine-conditioned place preference ▶     Weiping Tian, Jiesi Wang, Ke Zhang et al.     Abnormal BDNF signaling contributes to the structural and behavioral plasticity induced by drugs of abuse. However, the mechanisms regulating expression of Bdnf in drug addiction …             Nucleus factory on cavitation bubble for amyloid β fibril ▶     Kichitaro Nakajima, Hirotsugu Ogi, Kanta Adachi et al.     Structural evolution from monomer to fibril of amyloid β peptide is related to pathogenic mechanism of Alzheimer disease, and its acceleration is a long-running problem in drug …             Cdk12 Is A Gene-Selective RNA Polymerase II Kinase That Regulates a Subset of the Transcriptome, Including Nrf2 Target Genes ▶     Xuan Li, Nirmalya Chatterjee, Kerstin Spirohn et al.     The Nrf2 transcription factor is well conserved throughout metazoan evolution and serves as a central regulator of adaptive cellular responses to oxidative stress. We carried out …             Unraveling the role of dark septate endophyte (DSE) colonizing maize (Zea mays) under cadmium stress: physiological, cytological and genic aspects ▶     Jun-ling Wang, Tao Li, Gao-yuan Liu et al.     A growing body of evidence suggests that plant root-associated fungi such as dark septate endophytes (DSE) can help plants overcome many biotic and abiotic stresses, of great …             Characterization of triclosan metabolism in Sphingomonas sp. strain YL-JM2C ▶     Sikandar I. Mulla, Han Wang, Qian Sun et al.     Triclosan (TCS) is one of the most widespread emerging contaminants and has adverse impact on aquatic ecosystem, yet little is known about its complete biodegradation mechanism …             Identifying protective Streptococcus pyogenes vaccine antigens recognized by both B and T cells in human adults and children ▶     Rasmus Mortensen, Thomas Nørrelykke Nissen, Sine Fredslund et al.     No commercial vaccine exists against Group A streptococci (GAS; Streptococcus pyogenes) and only little is known about anti-GAS protective immunity. In our effort to discover new …             Differential Proteomic Analysis of Human Saliva using Tandem Mass Tags Quantification for Gastric Cancer Detection ▶     Hua Xiao, Yan Zhang, Yong Kim et al.     Novel biomarkers and non-invasive diagnostic methods are urgently needed for the screening of gastric cancer to reduce its high mortality. We employed quantitative proteomics …             Size-selective separation of DNA fragments by using lysine-functionalized silica particles ▶     Lingling Liu, Zilong Guo, Zhenzhen Huang et al.     In this work, a facile and efficient approach has been demonstrated for size-selective separation of DNA fragments by using lysine-functionalized silica particles. At a given pH, …             The Synthetic Tie2 Agonist Peptide Vasculotide Protects Renal Vascular Barrier Function In Experimental Acute Kidney Injury ▶     Eva Rübig, Jörg Stypmann, Paul Van Slyke et al.     Microvascular barrier dysfunction plays a major role in the pathophysiology of acute kidney injury (AKI). Angiopoietin-1, the natural agonist ligand for the endothelial-specific …             Optically-Induced Cell Fusion on Cell Pairing Microstructures ▶     Po-Fu Yang, Chih-Hung Wang, Gwo-Bin Lee     Cell fusion is a critical operation for numerous biomedical applications including cell reprogramming, hybridoma formation, cancer immunotherapy, and tissue regeneration. …             Game auction prices are not related to biodiversity contributions of southern African ungulates and large carnivores ▶     Fredrik Dalerum, Maria Miranda     There is an urgent need for human societies to become environmentally sustainable. Because public policy is largely driven by economic processes, quantifications of the …             Hemoglobin induced NO/cGMP suppression Deteriorate Microcirculation via Pericyte Phenotype Transformation after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats ▶     Qiang Li, Yujie Chen, Bo Li et al.     Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) usually results from ruptured aneurysm, but how leaked hemoglobin regulates the microcirculation in the pathophysiology of early brain injury after …             A route to self-assemble suspended DNA nano-complexes ▶     Yves Lansac, Jeril Degrouard, Madalena Renouard et al.     Highly charged polyelectrolytes can self-assemble in presence of condensing agents such as multivalent cations, amphiphilic molecules or proteins of opposite charge. Aside …             Increased Aβ pathology in aged Tg2576 mice born to mothers fed a high fat diet ▶     Shereen Nizari, Roxana O. Carare, Cheryl A. Hawkes     Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk of developing diabetes, obesity and premature death in adult offspring. Mid-life diabetes, hypertension and …             Essential Roles of RNA-binding Protein HuR in Activation of Hepatic Stellate Cells Induced by Transforming Growth Factor-β1 ▶     Jingjing Ge, Na Chang, Zhongxin Zhao et al.     RNA-binding protein HuR mediates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced profibrogenic actions. Up-regulation of Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) is involved in TGF-β1-induced …             Improved lipids, diastolic pressure and kidney function are potential contributors to familial longevity: a study on 60 Chinese centenarian families ▶     Yong-Han He, Shao-Yan Pu, Fu-Hui Xiao et al.     Centenarians are a good healthy aging model. Interestingly, centenarians’ offspring are prone to achieve longevity. Here we recruited 60 longevity families and investigated the …             Fresh-frozen Complete Extensor Mechanism Allograft versus Autograft Reconstruction in Rabbits ▶     Guanyin Chen, Hongtao Zhang, Qiong Ma et al.     Different clinical results have been reported in the repair of extensor mechanism disruption using fresh-frozen complete extensor mechanism (CEM) allograft, creating a need for a …             Inhibition of the STAT3 signaling pathway contributes to apigenin-mediated anti-metastatic effect in melanoma ▶     Hui-Hui Cao, Jian-Hong Chu, Hiu-Yee Kwan et al.     Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling is constantly activated in human melanoma, and promotes melanoma metastasis. The dietary flavonoid apigenin …             Differential expression of p38 MAPK α, β, γ, δ isoforms in nucleus pulposus modulates macrophage polarization in intervertebral disc degeneration ▶     Chen Yang, Peng Cao, Yang Gao et al.     P38MAPK mediates cytokine induced inflammation in nucleus pulposus (NP) cells and involves in multiple cellular processes which are related to intervertebral disc degeneration …             In a demanding task, three-handed manipulation is preferred to two-handed manipulation ▶     Elahe Abdi, Etienne Burdet, Mohamed Bouri et al.     Equipped with a third hand under their direct control, surgeons may be able to perform certain surgical interventions alone; this would reduce the need for a human assistant and …             Small-World Propensity and Weighted Brain Networks ▶     Sarah Feldt Muldoon, Eric W. Bridgeford, Danielle S. Bassett     Quantitative descriptions of network structure can provide fundamental insights into the function of interconnected complex systems. Small-world structure, diagnosed by high …             Genetic polymorphisms in C-reactive protein increase cancer susceptibility ▶     Peiliang Geng, Rina Sa, Jianjun Li et al.     Elevated levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) partially induced by polymorphisms in the CRP gene have been associated with human cancer. The purpose of this study was to test the …             Novel loci and pathways significantly associated with longevity ▶     Yi Zeng, Chao Nie, Junxia Min et al.     Only two genome-wide significant loci associated with longevity have been identified so far, probably because of insufficient sample sizes of centenarians, whose genomes may …             PfIRR Interacts with HrIGF-I and Activates the MAP-kinase and PI3-kinase Signaling Pathways to Regulate Glycogen Metabolism in Pinctada fucata ▶     Yu Shi, Mao-xian He     The insulin-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathways are major intracellular signaling modules and conserved among …             Glutamate-system defects behind psychiatric manifestations in a familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 disease-mutation mouse model ▶     Pernille Bøttger, Simon Glerup, Bodil Gesslein et al.     Migraine is a complex brain disorder, and understanding the complexity of this prevalent disease could improve quality of life for millions of people. Familial Hemiplegic …             Confidence through consensus: a neural mechanism for uncertainty monitoring ▶     Luciano Paz, Andrea Insabato, Ariel Zylberberg et al.     Models that integrate sensory evidence to a threshold can explain task accuracy, response times and confidence, yet it is still unclear how confidence is encoded in the brain. …             Expression of the innate immune receptor LILRB5 on monocytes is associated with mycobacteria exposure ▶     Louise E. Hogan, Des C. Jones, Rachel L. Allen     Antigen presenting cells (APC) are critical components of innate immunity and consequently shape the adaptive response. Leukocyte Ig Like Receptors (LILR) are innate immune …             Possible linkage between neuronal recruitment and flight distance in migratory birds ▶     Shay Barkan, Uri Roll, Yoram Yom-Tov et al.     New neuronal recruitment in an adult animal’s brain is presumed to contribute to brain plasticity and increase the animal’s ability to contend with new and changing environments. …             Metabolic prediction of important agronomic traits in hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.) ▶     Zhiwu Dan, Jun Hu, Wei Zhou et al.     Hybrid crops have contributed greatly to improvements in global food and fodder production over the past several decades. Nevertheless, the growing population and changing …             Pyruvate Carboxylase Activates the RIG-I-like Receptor-Mediated Antiviral Immune Response by Targeting the MAVS signalosome ▶     Zhongying Cao, Yaqin Zhou, Shengli Zhu et al.     When retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 protein (RIG-I)-like receptors sense viral dsRNA in the cytosol, RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) are recruited to …             Exploring miniature insect brains using micro-CT scanning techniques ▶     Dylan B. Smith, Galina Bernhardt, Nigel E. Raine et al.     The capacity to explore soft tissue structures in detail is important in understanding animal physiology and how this determines features such as movement, behaviour and the …             Inhibitory effect of traditional oriental medicine-derived monoamine oxidase B inhibitor on radioresistance of non-small cell lung cancer ▶     Beomseok Son, Se Young Jun, HyunJeong Seo et al.     Increased survival of cancer cells mediated by high levels of ionizing radiation (IR) reduces the effectiveness of radiation therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In …             The Lungfish Transcriptome: A Glimpse into Molecular Evolution Events at the Transition from Water to Land ▶     Maria Assunta Biscotti, Marco Gerdol, Adriana Canapa et al.     Lungfish and coelacanths are the only living sarcopterygian fish. The phylogenetic relationship of lungfish to the last common ancestor of tetrapods and their close morphological …             Microbial succession in response to pollutants in batch-enrichment culture ▶     Shuo Jiao, Weimin Chen, Entao Wang et al.     As a global problem, environmental pollution is an important factor to shape the microbial communities. The elucidation of the succession of microbial communities in response to …             Negative effects of prolonged dietary restriction on male mating effort: nuptial gifts as honest indicators of long-term male condition ▶     Renato C. Macedo-Rego, Luiz Ernesto Costa-Schmidt, Eduardo S. A. Santos et al.     The handicap principle proposes that sexual signals must be costly to be honest. Honesty may be maintained by the costs paid by honest signallers or by the potential costs of …             Drainage isolation and climate change-driven population expansion shape the genetic structures of Tuber indicum complex in the Hengduan Mountains region ▶     Bang Feng, Qi Zhao, Jianping Xu et al.     The orogenesis of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Quaternary climate changes have played key roles in driving the evolution of flora and fauna in Southwest China, but their …             Crysalis: an integrated server for computational analysis and design of protein crystallization ▶     Huilin Wang, Liubin Feng, Ziding Zhang et al.     The failure of multi-step experimental procedures to yield diffraction-quality crystals is a major bottleneck in protein structure determination. Accordingly, several …             Lipid peroxidation causes endosomal antigen release for cross-presentation ▶     Ilse Dingjan, Daniëlle RJ Verboogen, Laurent M Paardekooper et al.     Dendritic cells (DCs) present foreign antigen in major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules to cytotoxic T cells in a process called cross-presentation. An …             Histone H3 N-terminal acetylation sites especially K14 are important for rDNA silencing and aging ▶     Heng-hao Xu, Trent Su, Yong Xue     Histone variants and histone modifications are essential components in the establishment and maintenance of the repressed status of heterochromatin. Among these histone variants …             Production of hepatitis E virus-like particles presenting multiple foreign epitopes by co-infection of recombinant baculoviruses ▶     Ryoichi Shima, Tian Cheng Li, Yutaka Sendai et al.     Hepatitis E virus (HEV) causes not only endemics via a fecal-oral route but also sporadic cases via zoonotic transmission or blood transfusion. HEV-like particles (HEV-LP) …             Period-independent novel circadian oscillators revealed by timed exercise and palatable meals ▶     Danilo E. F. L. Flôres, Crystal N. Bettilyon, Shin Yamazaki     The mammalian circadian system is a hierarchical network of oscillators organized to optimally coordinate behavior and physiology with daily environmental cycles. The …             Protective V127 prion variant prevents prion disease by interrupting the formation of dimer and fibril from molecular dynamics simulations ▶     Shuangyan Zhou, Danfeng Shi, Xuewei Liu et al.     Recent studies uncovered a novel protective prion protein variant: V127 variant, which was reported intrinsically resistant to prion conversion and propagation. However, the …             Characterization of a novel Achromobacter xylosoxidans specific siphoviruse: phiAxp-1 ▶     Erna Li, Jiangtao Zhao, Yanyan Ma et al.     Bacteriophages have recently been considered as an alternative biocontrol tool because of the widespread occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans. Herein, …             First evidence of European eels exiting the Mediterranean Sea during their spawning migration ▶     Elsa Amilhat, Kim Aarestrup, Elisabeth Faliex et al.     The migration route and the spawning site of the European eel Anguilla anguilla are still uncertain. It has been suggested that the Mediterranean eel stock does not contribute to …             Suppression of ERK phosphorylation through oxidative stress is involved in the mechanism underlying sevoflurane-induced toxicity in the developing brain ▶     Shinya Yufune, Yasushi Satoh, Ryosuke Akai et al.     In animal models, neonatal exposure to general anesthetics significantly increased neuronal apoptosis with subsequent behavioral deficits in adulthood. Although the underlying …             The impact of inhibitory mechanisms in the inner retina on spatial tuning of RGCs ▶     Jin Y. Huang, Dario A. Protti     Spatial tuning properties of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are sharpened by lateral inhibition originating at both the outer and inner plexiform layers. Lateral inhibition in the …             Seasonal variation in harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) blubber cortisol - A novel indicator of physiological state? ▶     Joanna L. Kershaw, Ailsa J. Hall     Cortisol is one of the main glucocorticoid hormones involved in both the mammalian stress response, and in fat metabolism and energy regulation, making it of increasing interest …             Non-mulberry Silk Fibroin Biomaterial for Corneal Regeneration ▶     Sarbani Hazra, Sudip Nandi, Deboki Naskar et al.     Purpose: Successful repair of a damaged corneal surface is a great challenge and may require the use of a scaffold that supports cell growth and differentiation. Amniotic …             Vitrified canine testicular cells allow the formation of spermatogonial stem cells and seminiferous tubules following their xenotransplantation into nude mice ▶     Kyung Hoon Lee, Won Young Lee, Dong Hoon Kim et al.     Belgian Malinois (BM), one of the excellent military dog breeds in South Korea, is usually castrated before sexual maturation. Therefore, the transfer of their genetic features …             Cross-reactivity between avian influenza A (H7N9) virus and divergent H7 subtypic- and heterosubtypic influenza A viruses ▶     Li Guo, Dayan Wang, Hongli Zhou et al.     The number of human avian H7N9 influenza infections has been increasing in China. Understanding their antigenic and serologic relationships is crucial for developing diagnostic …             Different pollinator assemblages ensure reproductive success of Cleisostoma linearilobatum (Orchidaceae) in fragmented holy hill forest and traditional tea garden ▶     Xiang Zhou, Qiang Liu, Jessie Yc Han et al.     Orchids are generally recognized to have specialist pollination systems and low fruit set is often thought to be characteristic of the family. In this study, we investigated the …             Growth temperature and genotype both play important roles in sorghum grain phenolic composition ▶     Gangcheng Wu, Stuart K. Johnson, Janet F. Bornman et al.     Polyphenols in sorghum grains are a source of dietary antioxidants. Polyphenols in six diverse sorghum genotypes grown under two day/night temperature regimes of optimal …             Cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of solutions exposed to cold atmospheric plasma ▶     Daniela Boehm, Caitlin Heslin, Patrick J. Cullen et al.     The exposure of aqueous solutions to atmospheric plasmas results in the generation of relatively long-lived secondary products such as hydrogen peroxide which are biologically …             Using Multi-objective Optimization to Identify Dynamical Network Biomarkers as Early-warning Signals of Complex Diseases ▶     Fatemeh Vafaee     Biomarkers have gained immense scientific interest and clinical value in the practice of medicine. With unprecedented advances in high-throughput technologies, research interest …             Individual Apostichopus japonicus fecal microbiome reveals a link with polyhydroxybutyrate producers in host growth gaps ▶     Yohei Yamazaki, Pedro Milet Meirelles, Sayaka Mino et al.     Gut microbiome shapes various aspects of a host’s physiology, but these functions in aquatic animal hosts have yet to be fully investigated. The sea cucumber Apostichopus …             Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Humanized Mice Infected with HIV-1 ▶     Rebecca J. Nusbaum, Veronica E. Calderon, Matthew B. Huante et al.     Co-infection with HIV increases the morbidity and mortality associated with tuberculosis due to multiple factors including a poorly understood microbial synergy. We developed a …             Unique Loss of the PYHIN Gene Family in Bats Amongst Mammals: Implications for Inflammasome Sensing ▶     Matae Ahn, Jie Cui, Aaron T. Irving et al.     Recent genomic analysis of two bat species (Pteropus alecto and Myotis davidii) revealed the absence of the PYHIN gene family. This family is recognized as important immune …             Impaired theta-gamma coupling in APP-deficient mice ▶     Xiaomin Zhang, Wewei Zhong, Jurij Brankačk et al.     Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is critically involved in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease, but its physiological functions remain elusive. Importantly, APP knockout …             Insights into the mechanism of human papillomavirus E2-induced procaspase-8 activation and cell death ▶     Nitu Singh, Sanjib Senapati, Kakoli Bose     High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) E2 protein, the master regulator of viral life cycle, induces apoptosis of host cell that is independent of its virus-associated …             One-step Multiplex Transgenesis via Sleeping Beauty Transposition in Cattle ▶     Wiebke Garrels, Thirumala R. Talluri, Ronja Apfelbaum et al.     Genetically modified cattle are important for developing new biomedical models and for an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of zoonotic diseases. However, genome …             The RNA-binding protein quaking maintains endothelial barrier function and affects VE-cadherin and β-catenin protein expression ▶     Ruben G. de Bruin, Eric P. van der Veer, Jurriën Prins et al.     Proper regulation of endothelial cell-cell contacts is essential for physiological functioning of the endothelium. Interendothelial junctions are actively involved in the control …             TLR5 mediates CD172α+ intestinal lamina propria dendritic cell induction of Th17 cells ▶     Han Liu, Feidi Chen, Wei Wu et al.     Multiple mechanisms exist in regulation of host responses to massive challenges from microbiota to maintain immune homeostasis in the intestines. Among these is the enriched Th17 …             Calcium phosphate mineralization is widely applied in crustacean mandibles ▶     Shmuel Bentov, Eliahu D. Aflalo, Jenny Tynyakov et al.     Crustaceans, like most mineralized invertebrates, adopted calcium carbonate mineralization for bulk skeleton reinforcement. Here, we show that a major part of the crustacean …             The green peach aphid Myzus persicae perform better on pre-infested Chinese cabbage Brassica pekinensis by enhancing host plant nutritional quality ▶     He-He Cao, Hui-Ru Liu, Zhan-Feng Zhang et al.     The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer, is a notorious pest on vegetables, which often aggregates in high densities on crop leaves. In this study, we investigated whether …             Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia blunts the Insulin-Inpp5f negative feedback loop in the diabetic heart ▶     Danna Bai, Yajun Zhang, Mingzhi Shen et al.     The leading cause of death in diabetic patients is diabetic cardiomyopathy, in which alteration of Akt signal plays an important role. Inpp5f is recently found to be a negative …             Systematic Evolution and Study of UAGN Decoding tRNAs in a Genomically Recoded Bacteria ▶     Nanxi Wang, Xin Shang, Ronald Cerny et al.     We report the first systematic evolution and study of tRNA variants that are able to read a set of UAGN (N = A, G, U, C) codons in a genomically recoded E. coli strain that lacks …             Probing the Effects and Mechanisms of Electroacupuncture at Ipsilateral or Contralateral ST36–ST37 Acupoints on CFA-induced Inflammatory Pain ▶     Kung-Wen Lu, Chao-Kuei Hsu, Ching-Liang Hsieh et al.     Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and associated signaling pathways have been reported to be increased in inflammatory pain signaling. There are accumulating …             Erratum: Obesity changes the human gut mycobiome ▶     M. Mar Rodríguez, Daniel Pérez, Felipe Javier Chaves et al.                 Novel Y-chromosomal microdeletions associated with non-obstructive azoospermia uncovered by high throughput sequencing of sequence-tagged sites (STSs) ▶     Xiao Liu, Zesong Li, Zheng Su et al.     Y-chromosomal microdeletion (YCM) serves as an important genetic factor in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is routinely used to …             Evidence of limited carbon sequestration in soils under no-tillage systems in the Cerrado of Brazil ▶     Marc Corbeels, Robelio Leandro Marchão, Marcos Siqueira Neto et al.     The Brazilian government aims at augmenting the area cropped under no-tillage (NT) from 32 to 40 million ha by 2020 as a means to mitigate CO2 emissions. We estimated soil carbon …             Intracellular delivery of antibodies by chimeric Sesbania mosaic virus (SeMV) virus like particles ▶     Ambily Abraham, Usha Natraj, Anjali A. Karande et al.     The therapeutic potential of antibodies has not been fully exploited as they fail to cross cell membrane. In this article, we have tested the possibility of using plant virus …             Activation of the unfolded protein response promotes axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve injury ▶     Maritza Oñate, Alejandra Catenaccio, Gabriela Martínez et al.     Although protein-folding stress at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is emerging as a driver of neuronal dysfunction in models of spinal cord injury and neurodegeneration, the …             Polyclonal Antibody Production for Membrane Proteins via Genetic Immunization ▶     Debra T. Hansen, Mark D. Robida, Felicia M. Craciunescu et al.     Antibodies are essential for structural determinations and functional studies of membrane proteins, but antibody generation is limited by the availability of properly-folded and …             Cucurbitacin B inhibits the stemness and metastatic abilities of NSCLC via downregulation of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis ▶     Samriddhi Shukla, Sonam Sinha, Sajid Khan et al.     Lack of effective anti-metastatic drugs creates a major hurdle for metastatic lung cancer therapy. For successful lung cancer treatment, there is a strong need of newer …             Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation boosts synaptic plasticity and memory in mice via epigenetic regulation of Bdnf expression ▶     Maria Vittoria Podda, Sara Cocco, Alessia Mastrodonato et al.     The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on brain functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms are yet largely unknown. Here we report that mice …             Oxidized plasma albumin promotes platelet-endothelial crosstalk and endothelial tissue factor expression ▶     Lisa Pasterk, Sandra Lemesch, Bettina Leber et al.     Plasma advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), a class of pro-inflammatory pathogenic mediators, accumulate in subjects with chronic kidney disease. Whether AOPPs contribute …             Real-Time Control of a Neuroprosthetic Hand by Magnetoencephalographic Signals from Paralysed Patients ▶     Ryohei Fukuma, Takufumi Yanagisawa, Youichi Saitoh et al.     Neuroprosthetic arms might potentially restore motor functions for severely paralysed patients. Invasive measurements of cortical currents using electrocorticography have been …             Transcriptome sequencing of Crucihimalaya himalaica (Brassicaceae) reveals how Arabidopsis close relative adapt to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ▶     Qin Qiao, Qia Wang, Xi Han et al.     The extreme environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) provides an ideal natural laboratory for studies on adaptive evolution. Few genome/transcriptome based studies have …             A Primary Screening and Applying of Plant Volatiles as Repellents to Control Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on Tomato ▶     Wenxiao Du, Xiaoqing Han, Yubo Wang et al.     With the goal of finding a new way to reduce population densities of Bemisia tabaci biotype Q in greenhouses, seven repellent volatile chemicals and their combinations were …             The fusion protein SS18-SSX1 employs core Wnt pathway transcription factors to induce a partial Wnt signature in synovial sarcoma ▶     Luisa Cironi, Tanja Petricevic, Victor Fernandes Vieira et al.     Expression of the SS18/SYT-SSX fusion protein is believed to underlie the pathogenesis of synovial sarcoma (SS). Recent evidence suggests that deregulation of the Wnt pathway may …             Antithrombotic and antiplatelet activities of small-molecule alkaloids from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans ▶     Wonhwa Lee, JungIn Lee, Roshan Kulkarni et al.     The aim of this study was to discover small-molecule anticoagulants from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans (SSM). A new acylated polyamine (1) and a new sulfated quinoline …             A curative regimen would decrease HIV prevalence but not HIV incidence unless targeted to an ART-naïve population ▶     Dobromir T. Dimitrov, Hans-Peter Kiem, Keith R. Jerome et al.     HIV curative strategies currently under development aim to eradicate latent provirus, or prevent viral replication, progression to AIDS, and transmission. The impact of …             Removal of pinned scroll waves in cardiac tissues by electric fields in a generic model of three-dimensional excitable media ▶     De-Bei Pan, Xiang Gao, Xia Feng et al.     Spirals or scroll waves pinned to heterogeneities in cardiac tissues may cause lethal arrhythmias. To unpin these life-threatening spiral waves, methods of wave emission from …             Smad2 and Smad3 have differential sensitivity in relaying TGFβ signaling and inversely regulate early lineage specification ▶     Ling Liu, Xu Liu, Xudong Ren et al.     The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) related signaling is one of the most important signaling pathways regulating early developmental events. Smad2 and Smad3 are …             Gap locations influence the release of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in two shrub foliar litter in an alpine fir forest ▶     Wei He, Fuzhong Wu, Wanqin Yang et al.     Gap formation favors the growth of understory plants and affects the decomposition process of plant debris inside and outside of gaps. Little information is available regarding …             Precise estimation of soil organic carbon stocks in the northeast Tibetan Plateau ▶     Ren-Min Yang, Gan-Lin Zhang, Fei Yang et al.     There is a need for accurate estimate of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks for understanding the role of alpine soils in the global carbon cycle. We tested a method for mapping …             Drug activity screening based on microsomes-hydrogel system in predicting metabolism induced antitumor effect of oroxylin A ▶     Huiying Yang, Jianfeng Li, Yuanting Zheng et al.     A novel microsomes-hydrogel added cell culture system (MHCCS) was employed in the antitumor activity screening of natural compounds, aiming to achieve drug screening with better …             Stiffening hydrogels for investigating the dynamics of hepatic stellate cell mechanotransduction during myofibroblast activation ▶     Steven R. Caliari, Maryna Perepelyuk, Brian D. Cosgrove et al.     Tissue fibrosis contributes to nearly half of all deaths in the developed world and is characterized by progressive matrix stiffening. Despite this, nearly all in vitro disease …             Disorganization of white matter architecture in major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis of diffusion tensor imaging with tract-based spatial statistics ▶     Guangxiang Chen, Xinyu Hu, Lei Li et al.     White matter (WM) abnormalities have long been suspected in major depressive disorder (MDD). Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) studies have detected abnormalities in …             Semipermeable Capsules Wrapping a Multifunctional and Self-regulated Co-culture Microenvironment for Osteogenic Differentiation ▶     Clara R. Correia, Rogério P. Pirraco, Mariana T. Cerqueira et al.     A new concept of semipermeable reservoirs containing co-cultures of cells and supporting microparticles is presented, inspired by the multi-phenotypic cellular environment of …             Differences in the Pulsatile Component of the Skin Hemodynamic Response to Verbal Fluency Tasks in the Forehead and the Fingertip ▶     Toshimitsu Takahashi, Yoriko Takikawa, Reiko Kawagoe     Several studies have claimed that hemodynamic signals measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) on the forehead exhibit different patterns during a verbal fluency task (VFT) …             Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes as AIE Phosphorescent Probes for Real-Time Monitoring of Mitophagy in Living Cells ▶     Chengzhi Jin, Jiangping Liu, Yu Chen et al.     Mitophagy, which is a special autophagy that removes damaging mitochondria to maintain sufficient healthy mitochondria, provides an alternative path for addressing dysfunctional …             Simultaneous knockdown of uPA and MMP9 can reduce breast cancer progression by increasing cell-cell adhesion and modulating EMT genes ▶     Anuradha Moirangthem, Banashree Bondhopadhyay, Mala Mukherjee et al.     In cancer progression, proteolytic enzymes like serine proteases and metalloproteinases degrade the basement membrane enabling the tumor cells to invade the adjacent tissues. …             The role of photo-electric properties of silk cocoon membrane in pupal metamorphosis: A natural solar cell ▶     Brindan Tulachan, Shivansh Srivastava, Tejas Sanjeev Kusurkar et al.     Silkworm metamorphosis is governed by the intrinsic and extrinsic factors. One key intrinsic factor is the temporal electrical firing of the neuro-secretory cells of the dormant …             Bacterial diversity in saliva and oral health-related conditions: the Hisayama Study ▶     Toru Takeshita, Shinya Kageyama, Michiko Furuta et al.     This population-based study determined the salivary microbiota composition of 2,343 adult residents of Hisayama town, Japan, using 16S rRNA gene next-generation high-throughput …             Deep-sea whale fall fauna from the Atlantic resembles that of the Pacific Ocean ▶     Paulo Y. G. Sumida, Joan M. Alfaro-Lucas, Mauricio Shimabukuro et al.     Whale carcasses create remarkable habitats in the deep-sea by producing concentrated sources of organic matter for a food-deprived biota as well as places of evolutionary novelty …             Time related variations in stem cell harvesting of umbilical cord blood ▶     Gianluigi Mazzoccoli, Giuseppe Miscio, Andrea Fontana et al.     Umbilical cord blood (UCB) contains hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent mesenchymal cells useful for treatment in malignant/nonmalignant hematologic-immunologic diseases and …             3D visualization of the lumbar facet joint after degeneration using propagation phase contrast micro-tomography ▶     Yong Cao, Yi Zhang, Xianzheng Yin et al.     Lumbar facet joint (LFJ) degeneration is believed to be an important cause of low back pain (LBP). Identifying the morphological changes of the LFJ in the degeneration process at …             Transcriptional profiling of human smooth muscle cells infected with gingipain and fimbriae mutants of Porphyromonas gingivalis ▶     Boxi Zhang, Allan Sirsjö, Hazem Khalaf et al.     Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is considered to be involved in the development of atherosclerosis. However, the role of different virulence factors produced by P. …             Carbonate-based Janus micromotors moving in ultra-light acidic environment generated by HeLa cells in situ ▶     Maria Guix, Anne K. Meyer, Britta Koch et al.     Novel approaches to develop naturally-induced drug delivery in tumor environments in a deterministic and controlled manner have become of growing interest in recent years. …             Development of Spexin-based Human Galanin Receptor Type II-Specific Agonists with Increased Stability in Serum and Anxiolytic Effect in Mice ▶     Arfaxad Reyes-Alcaraz, Yoo-Na Lee, Gi Hoon Son et al.     The novel neuropeptide spexin (SPX) was discovered to activate galanin receptor 2 (GALR2) and 3 (GALR3) but not galanin receptor 1 (GALR1). Although GALR2 is known to display a …             Maintaining physical activity during refeeding improves body composition, intestinal hyperpermeability and behavior in anorectic mice ▶     Najate Achamrah, Séverine Nobis, Jonathan Breton et al.     A role of gut-brain axis emerges in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa and maintaining adapted physical activity during refeeding remains discussed. We aimed to assess …             Synthetic Capillaries to Control Microscopic Blood Flow ▶     K. Sarveswaran, V. Kurz, Z. Dong et al.     Capillaries pervade human physiology. The mean intercapillary distance is only about 100 μm in human tissue, which indicates the extent of nutrient diffusion. In engineered …             Repair of liver mediated by adult mouse liver neuro-glia antigen 2-positive progenitor cell transplantation in a mouse model of cirrhosis ▶     Hongyu Zhang, Christopher T. Siegel, Ling Shuai et al.     NG2-expressing cells are a population of periportal vascular stem/progenitors (MLpvNG2+ cells) that were isolated from healthy adult mouse liver by using a “Percoll-Plate-Wait” …             Enhanced virulence of Histoplasma capsulatum through transfer and surface incorporation of glycans from Cryptococcus neoformans during co-infection ▶     Radames J. B. Cordero, Susie Coutinho Liedke, Glauber R. de S. Araújo et al.     Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) and Histoplasma capsulatum (Hc) co-exist in the environment and occasionally co-infect individuals, which can lead to severe disease/lethal outcomes. …             High-resolution Identification and Separation of Living Cell Types by Multiple microRNA-responsive Synthetic mRNAs ▶     Kei Endo, Karin Hayashi, Hirohide Saito     The precise identification and separation of living cell types is critical to both study cell function and prepare cells for medical applications. However, intracellular …             Jasmonic acid is a crucial signal transducer in heat shock induced sesquiterpene formation in Aquilaria sinensis ▶     Yan-Hong Xu, Yong-Cui Liao, Zheng Zhang et al.     Agarwood, a highly valuable resinous and fragrant heartwood of Aquilaria plants, is widely used in traditional medicines, incense and perfume. Only when Aquilaria trees are …             SGLT1 activity in lung alveolar cells of diabetic rats modulates airway surface liquid glucose concentration and bacterial proliferation ▶     Tales Lyra Oliveira, Návylla Candeia-Medeiros, Polliane M. Cavalcante-Araújo et al.     High glucose concentration in the airway surface liquid (ASL) is an important feature of diabetes that predisposes to respiratory infections. We investigated the role of alveolar …             Visualizing Trimming Dependence of Biodistribution and Kinetics with Homo- and Heterogeneous N-Glycoclusters on Fluorescent Albumin ▶     Akihiro Ogura, Tsuyoshi Tahara, Satoshi Nozaki et al.     A series of N-glycans, each sequentially trimmed from biantennary sialoglycans, were homo- or heterogeneously clustered efficiently on fluorescent albumin using a method that …             Resveratrol induces autophagy by directly inhibiting mTOR through ATP competition ▶     Dohyun Park, Heeyoon Jeong, Mi Nam Lee et al.     Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol that has a beneficial effect on health, and resveratrol-induced autophagy has been suggested to be a key process in mediating many …             Succinyl-proteome profiling of a high taxol containing hybrid Taxus species (Taxus × media) revealed involvement of succinylation in multiple metabolic pathways ▶     Chenjia Shen, Jie Xue, Tao Sun et al.     Protein lysine succinylation, a ubiquitous protein post-translational modification among eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, represents a vital regulator of various metabolic …             Transcriptional identification and characterization of differentially expressed genes associated with embryogenesis in radish (Raphanus sativus L.) ▶     Lulu Zhai, Liang Xu, Yan Wang et al.     Embryogenesis is an important component in the life cycle of most plant species. Due to the difficulty in embryo isolation, the global gene expression involved in plant …             Differences on photosynthetic limitations between leaf margins and leaf centers under potassium deficiency for Brassica napus L. ▶     Zhifeng Lu, Tao Ren, Yonghui Pan et al.     Analyzing the proportions of stomatal (SL), mesophyll conductance (MCL) and biochemical limitations (BL) imposed by potassium (K) deficit, and evaluating their relationships to …             A common mechanism involving the TORC1 pathway can lead to amphotericin B-persistence in biofilm and planktonic Saccharomyces cerevisiae populations ▶     Rasmus Bojsen, Birgitte Regenberg, David Gresham et al.     Fungal infections are an increasing clinical problem. Decreased treatment effectiveness is associated with biofilm formation and drug recalcitrance is thought to be biofilm …             Isolation of a recombinant antibody specific for a surface marker of the corneal endothelium by phage display ▶     Simone Dorfmueller, Hwee Ching Tan, Zi Xian Ngoh et al.     Cell surface antigens are important targets for monoclonal antibodies, but they are often difficult to work with due to their association with the cell membrane. Phage display is …             Karrikins delay soybean seed germination by mediating abscisic acid and gibberellin biogenesis under shaded conditions ▶     Yongjie Meng, Feng Chen, Haiwei Shuai et al.     Karrikins (KAR) are a class of signal compounds, discovered in wildfire smoke, which affect seed germination. Currently, numerous studies have focused on the model plant …             Diversity between mammalian tolloid proteinases: Oligomerisation and non-catalytic domains influence activity and specificity ▶     Christopher P. Bayley, Hilda D. Ruiz Nivia, Rana Dajani et al.     The mammalian tolloid family of metalloproteinases is essential for tissue patterning and extracellular matrix assembly. The four members of the family: bone morphogenetic …             Enhanced Boron Tolerance in Plants Mediated by Bidirectional Transport Through Plasma Membrane Intrinsic Proteins ▶     Kareem A. Mosa, Kundan Kumar, Sudesh Chhikara et al.     High boron (B) concentration is toxic to plants that limit plant productivity. Recent studies have shown the involvement of the members of major intrinsic protein (MIP) family in …             Sonic hedgehog stimulates neurite outgrowth in a mechanical stretch model of reactive-astrogliosis ▶     Antonio Berretta, Emma K. Gowing, Christine L. Jasoni et al.     Although recovery following a stroke is limited, undamaged neurons under the right conditions can establish new connections and take on-board lost functions. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) …             Generation of structurally novel short carotenoids and study of their biological activity ▶     Se H. Kim, Moon S. Kim, Bun Y. Lee et al.     Recent research interest in phytochemicals has consistently driven the efforts in the metabolic engineering field toward microbial production of various carotenoids. In spite of …             Chitinase producing bacteria with direct algicidal activity on marine diatoms ▶     Yi Li, Xueqian Lei, Hong Zhu et al.     Chitinase producing bacteria can involve extensively in nutrient cycling and energy flow in the aquatic environment through degradation and utilization of chitin. It is well …             Genetic editing of HLA expression in hematopoietic stem cells to broaden their human application ▶     Hiroki Torikai, Tiejuan Mi, Loren Gragert et al.     Mismatch of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) adversely impacts the outcome of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (alloHSCT). This translates into the …             Living biointerfaces based on non-pathogenic bacteria support stem cell differentiation ▶     Jake J. Hay, Aleixandre Rodrigo-Navarro, Karoliina Hassi et al.     Lactococcus lactis, a non-pathogenic bacteria, has been genetically engineered to express the III7–10 fragment of human fibronectin as a membrane protein. The engineered L. lactis…             Clonostachys rosea demethiolase STR3 controls the conversion of methionine into methanethiol ▶     Kai-Zhi Jia, Quan Zhang, Lin-Yang Sun et al.     Eukaryote-derived methioninase, catalyzing the one-step degradation of methionine (Met) to methanethiol (MTL), has received much attention for its low immunogenic potential and …             Discovery of 12-mer peptides that bind to wood lignin ▶     Asako Yamaguchi, Katsuhiro Isozaki, Masaharu Nakamura et al.     Lignin, an abundant terrestrial polymer, is the only large-volume renewable feedstock composed of an aromatic skeleton. Lignin has been used mostly as an energy source during …             Eye position effects on the remapped memory trace of visual motion in cortical area MST ▶     Naoko Inaba, Kenji Kawano     After a saccade, most MST neurons respond to moving visual stimuli that had existed in their post-saccadic receptive fields and turned off before the saccade (“trans-saccadic …             Nimbolide, a neem limonoid inhibits Phosphatidyl Inositol-3 Kinase to activate Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β in a hamster model of oral oncogenesis ▶     Josephraj Sophia, Kranthi Kiran Kishore T., Jaganathan Kowshik et al.     Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), a serine/threonine kinase is frequently inactivated by the oncogenic signalling kinases PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK in diverse malignancies. The …             Is plant evolutionary history impacting recruitment of diazotrophs and nifH expression in the rhizosphere? ▶     Marie-Lara Bouffaud, Sébastien Renoud, Yvan Moënne-Loccoz et al.     Plant evolutionary history influences the taxonomic composition of the root-associated bacterial community, but whether it can also modulate its functioning is unknown. Here, we …             Mutual association of Broad bean wilt virus 2 VP37-derived tubules and plasmodesmata obtained from cytological observation ▶     Li Xie, Weina Shang, Chengke Liu et al.     The movement protein VP37 of broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV 2) forms tubules in the plasmodesmata (PD) for the transport of virions between cells. This paper reports a mutual …             Bioconversion of methane to lactate by an obligate methanotrophic bacterium ▶     Calvin A. Henard, Holly Smith, Nancy Dowe et al.     Methane is the second most abundant greenhouse gas (GHG), with nearly 60% of emissions derived from anthropogenic sources. Microbial conversion of methane to fuels and …             Plasmodium falciparum PfSET7: enzymatic characterization and cellular localization of a novel protein methyltransferase in sporozoite, liver and erythrocytic stage parasites ▶     Patty B. Chen, Shuai Ding, Gigliola Zanghì et al.     Epigenetic control via reversible histone methylation regulates transcriptional activation throughout the malaria parasite genome, controls the repression of multi-copy virulence …             A bizarre theropod from the Early Cretaceous of Japan highlighting mosaic evolution among coelurosaurians ▶     Yoichi Azuma, Xing Xu, Masateru Shibata et al.     Our understanding of coelurosaurian evolution, particularly of bird origins, has been greatly improved, mainly due to numerous recently discovered fossils worldwide. Nearly all …             Colour Polymorphism Protects Prey Individuals and Populations Against Predation ▶     Einat Karpestam, Sami Merilaita, Anders Forsman     Colour pattern polymorphism in animals can influence and be influenced by interactions between predators and prey. However, few studies have examined whether polymorphism is …             The genome of the miiuy croaker reveals well-developed innate immune and sensory systems ▶     Tianjun Xu, Guoliang Xu, Rongbo Che et al.     The miiuy croaker, Miichthys miiuy, is a representative Sciaenidae known for its exceptionally large otoliths. This species mainly inhabits turbid aquatic environments with mud …             Genetic variants in ultraconserved regions associate with prostate cancer recurrence and survival ▶     Bo-Ying Bao, Victor C. Lin, Chia-Cheng Yu et al.     Ultraconserved regions (UCRs) are DNA segments of longer than 200 bp in length that are completely conserved between human, rat, and mouse genomes. Recent studies have shown that …             Real-time bacterial microcolony counting using on-chip microscopy ▶     Jae Hee Jung, Jung Eun Lee     Observing microbial colonies is the standard method for determining the microbe titer and investigating the behaviors of microbes. Here, we report an automated, real-time …             Thalidomide-induced limb abnormalities in a humanized CYP3A mouse model ▶     Yasuhiro Kazuki, Masaharu Akita, Kaoru Kobayashi et al.     Thalidomide is a teratogen in humans but not in rodents. It causes multiple birth defects including malformations of limbs, ears, and other organs. However, the species-specific …             Beyond Rare-Variant Association Testing: Pinpointing Rare Causal Variants in Case-Control Sequencing Study ▶     Wan-Yu Lin     Rare-variant association testing usually requires some method of aggregation. The next important step is to pinpoint individual rare causal variants among a large number of …             Sirt1 AS lncRNA interacts with its mRNA to inhibit muscle formation by attenuating function of miR-34a ▶     Guo-qiang Wang, Yu Wang, Yan Xiong et al.     Recent studies demonstrate the functions of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in mediating gene expression at the transcriptional or translational level. Our previous study …             Genome wide association study of uric acid in Indian population and interaction of identified variants with Type 2 diabetes ▶     Anil K Giri, Priyanka Banerjee, Shraddha Chakraborty et al.     Abnormal level of Serum Uric Acid (SUA) is an important marker and risk factor for complex diseases including Type 2 Diabetes. Since genetic determinant of uric acid in Indians …             Population structure and acquisition of the vanB resistance determinant in German clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium ST192 ▶     Jennifer K. Bender, Alexander Kalmbach, Carola Fleige et al.     In the context of the global action plan to reduce the dissemination of antibiotic resistances it is of utmost importance to understand the population structure of resistant …             Maternal Weaning Modulates Emotional Behavior and Regulates the Gut-Brain Axis ▶     Pamela Farshim, Gemma Walton, Bhismadev Chakrabarti et al.     Evidence shows that nutritional and environmental stress stimuli during postnatal period influence brain development and interactions between gut and brain. In this study we show …             Influence of local habitat on the physiological responses of large benthic foraminifera to temperature and nutrient stress ▶     Martina Prazeres, Sven Uthicke, John M. Pandolfi     Large benthic foraminifera (LBF) are important for reef sediment formation, but sensitive to elevated temperature and nutrients. However, it is possible that conspecific …             T cell-specific inactivation of mouse CD2 by CRISPR/Cas9 ▶     Jane Beil-Wagner, Georg Dössinger, Kilian Schober et al.     The CRISPR/Cas9 system can be used to mutate target sequences by introduction of double-strand breaks followed by imprecise repair. To test its use for conditional gene editing …             Combining brain stimulation and video game to promote long-term transfer of learning and cognitive enhancement ▶     Chung Yen Looi, Mihaela Duta, Anna-Katharine Brem et al.     Cognitive training offers the potential for individualised learning, prevention of cognitive decline, and rehabilitation. However, key research challenges include ecological …             Pygo2 functions as a prognostic factor for glioma due to its up-regulation of H3K4me3 and promotion of MLL1/MLL2 complex recruitment ▶     Cefan Zhou, Yi Zhang, Jun Dai et al.     Pygo2 has been discovered as an important Wnt signaling component contributing to the activation of Wnt-target gene transcription. In the present study, we discovered that Pygo2 …             BRCA1 inhibits AR–mediated proliferation of breast cancer cells through the activation of SIRT1 ▶     Wenwen Zhang, Jiayan Luo, Fang Yang et al.     Breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) is a tumor suppressor protein that functions to maintain genomic stability through critical roles in DNA repair, cell-cycle arrest, …             How can macromolecular crowding inhibit biological reactions? The enhanced formation of DNA nanoparticles ▶     Sen Hou, Piotr Trochimczyk, Lili Sun et al.     In contrast to the already known effect that macromolecular crowding usually promotes biological reactions, solutions of PEG 6k at high concentrations stop the cleavage of DNA by …             hTERT mediates gastric cancer metastasis partially through the indirect targeting of ITGB1 by microRNA-29a ▶     Bing He, Yu-Feng Xiao, Bo Tang et al.     Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) plays a key role in tumor invasion and metastasis, but the mechanism of its involvement in these processes is not clear. The …             Effects of forests, roads and mistletoe on bird diversity in monoculture rubber plantations ▶     Rachakonda Sreekar, Guohualing Huang, Mika Yasuda et al.     Rising global demand for natural rubber is expanding monoculture rubber (Hevea brasilensis) at the expense of natural forests in the Old World tropics. Conversion of forests into …             Three-Dimensional Characterization of Mechanical Interactions between Endothelial Cells and Extracellular Matrix during Angiogenic Sprouting ▶     Yue Du, Sahan C. B. Herath, Qing-guo Wang et al.     We studied the three-dimensional cell-extracellular matrix interactions of endothelial cells that form multicellular structures called sprouts. We analyzed the data collected …             Variation in KRAS driver substitution distributions between tumor types is determined by both mutation and natural selection ▶     Sheli L. Ostrow, Einav Simon, Elad Prinz et al.     Different tumor types vary greatly in their distribution of driver substitutions. Here, we analyzed how mutation and natural selection contribute to differences in the …             Genomic and phenotypic characterization of the species Acinetobacter venetianus ▶     Marco Fondi, Isabel Maida, Elena Perrin et al.     Crude oil is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons and other organic compounds that can produce serious environmental problems and whose removal is highly demanding in terms of human …             Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Behavior of Au nanoparticles-hybridized Pb (II) metal-organic framework and its application in selective sensing hexavalent chromium ▶     Hongmin Ma, Xiaojian Li, Tao Yan et al.     In this work, a novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor based on Au nanoparticles-hybridized Pb (II)-β-cyclodextrin (Pb-β-CD) metal-organic framework for detecting hexavalent …             Corrigendum: Identification of novel PKD1 and PKD2 mutations in a Chinese population with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease ▶     Bei Liu, Song-Chang Chen, Yan-Mei Yang et al.                 Simultaneous induction of jasmonic acid and disease-responsive genes signifies tolerance of American elm to Dutch elm disease ▶     S. M. Sherif , M. R. Shukla, S. J. Murch et al.     Dutch elm disease (DED), caused by three fungal species in the genus Ophiostoma, is the most devastating disease of both native European and North American elm trees. Although …             An integrated lipidomics and metabolomics reveal nephroprotective effect and biochemical mechanism of Rheum officinale in chronic renal failure ▶     Zhi-Hao Zhang, Nosratola D. Vaziri, Feng Wei et al.     Chronic renal failure (CRF) is a major public health problem worldwide. Earlier studies have revealed salutary effects of rhubarb extracts in CRF. In this study, we employed …             Biochemical Characterization of Kat1: a Domesticated hAT-Transposase that Induces DNA Hairpin Formation and MAT-Switching ▶     Kishore K. Chiruvella, Naghmeh Rajaei, Venkateswara Rao Jonna et al.     Kluyveromyces lactis hAT-transposase 1 (Kat1) generates hairpin-capped DNA double strand breaks leading to MAT-switching (MATa to MATα). Using purified Kat1, we demonstrate the …             Reversal of epigenetic silencing of MHC class I chain-related protein A and B improves immune recognition of Merkel cell carcinoma ▶     Cathrin Ritter, Kaiji Fan, Kelly G. Paulson et al.     Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a virally associated cancer characterized by its aggressive behavior and strong immunogenicity. Both viral infection and malignant transformation …             Regulation of Transcription Factor Yin Yang 1 by SET7/9-mediated Lysine Methylation ▶     Wen-juan Zhang, Xiao-nan Wu, Tao-tao Shi et al.     Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is a multifunctional transcription factor shown to be critical in a variety of biological processes. Although it is regulated by multiple types of …             On the use of 31P NMR for the quantification of hydrosoluble phosphorus-containing compounds in coral host tissues and cultured zooxanthellae ▶     Claire Godinot, Marc Gaysinski, Olivier P. Thomas et al.     31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) was assessed to investigate the phosphorus-containing compounds present in the tissues of the scleractinian coral Stylophora pistillata as …             Evaluating the Small-World-Ness of a Sampled Network: Functional Connectivity of Entorhinal-Hippocampal Circuitry ▶     Qi She, Guanrong Chen, Rosa H. M. Chan     The amount of publicly accessible experimental data has gradually increased in recent years, which makes it possible to reconsider many longstanding questions in neuroscience. In …             PE11, a PE/PPE family protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is involved in cell wall remodeling and virulence ▶     Parul Singh, Rameshwaram Nagender Rao, Jala Ram Chandra Reddy et al.     The role of the unique proline-glutamic acid (PE)/proline-proline-glutamic acid (PPE) family of proteins in the pathophysiology and virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is not …             TRPV1 function is modulated by Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation: insights into the molecular mechanism of nociception ▶     Thomas Jendryke, Michaela Prochazkova, Bradford E. Hall et al.     TRPV1 is a polymodally activated cation channel acting as key receptor in nociceptive neurons. Its function is strongly affected by kinase-mediated phosphorylation leading to …             A novel low-power laser-mediated transfer of foreign molecules into cells ▶     Shigehiko Yumura     Efficiently introducing molecules such as chemical drugs, proteins, or nucleic acids into cells is a central technique in cell and molecular biology, gene therapy and …             Noninvasive Assessment of Early Dental Lesion Using a Dual-Contrast Photoacoustic Tomography ▶     Renxiang Cheng, Jiaojiao Shao, Xiaoxiang Gao et al.     Dental hard tissue lesions, including caries, cracked-tooth, etc., are the most prevalent diseases of people worldwide. Dental lesions and correlative diseases greatly decrease …             Design and development of a modified runway model of mouse drug self-administration ▶     Vijayapandi Pandy, Yasmin Khan     The present study established a novel mouse model of a runway drug self-administration in our laboratory. The operant runway apparatus consisted of three long runways arranged in …             Susceptibility of outer hair cells to cholesterol chelator 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrine is prestin-dependent ▶     Satoe Takahashi, Kazuaki Homma, Yingjie Zhou et al.     Niemann-Pick type C1 disease (NPC1) is a fatal genetic disorder caused by impaired intracellular cholesterol trafficking. Recent studies reported ototoxicity of 2-hydroxypropyl- …             Cardiac sodium channel regulator MOG1 regulates cardiac morphogenesis and rhythm ▶     Juan Zhou, Longfei Wang, Mengxia Zuo et al.     MOG1 was initially identified as a protein that interacts with the small GTPase Ran involved in transport of macromolecules into and out of the nucleus. In addition, we have …             Comparative transcriptome and proteome analysis to reveal the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles in Arabidopsis ▶     Manish Tiwari, Sneha Krishnamurthy, Devesh Shukla et al.     A large number of plants have been tested and exploited in search of a green chemistry approach for the fabrication of gold or other precious metal nanomaterials. Despite the …             Efficiency of two nitrification inhibitors (dicyandiamide and 3, 4-dimethypyrazole phosphate) on soil nitrogen transformations and plant productivity: a meta-analysis ▶     Ming Yang, Yunting Fang, Di Sun et al.     Dicyandiamide (DCD) and 3, 4-dimethypyrazole phosphate (DMPP) are often claimed to be efficient in regulating soil N transformations and influencing plant productivity, but the …             Corrigendum: The Serum Profile of Hypercytokinemia Factors Identified in H7N9-Infected Patients can Predict Fatal Outcomes ▶     Jing Guo, Fengming Huang, Jun Liu et al.                 Reduced soluble RAGE is associated with disease severity of axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome ▶     Da-Qi Zhang, Rong Wang, Ting Li et al.     Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) is an anti-inflammatory factor that mitigates the proinflammatory effects of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). The …             Anthropogenic disturbances are key to maintaining the biodiversity of grasslands ▶     Z. Y. Yuan, F. Jiao, Y. H. Li et al.     Although anthropogenic disturbances are often perceived as detrimental to plant biodiversity, the relationship between biodiversity and disturbance remains unclear. Opinions …             The miR-34a-LDHA axis regulates glucose metabolism and tumor growth in breast cancer ▶     Xiangsheng Xiao, Xiaojia Huang, Feng Ye et al.     Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) is involved in a variety of cancers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression, prognostic roles and function of LDHA in breast …             A replaceable liposomal aptamer for the ultrasensitive and rapid detection of biotin ▶     Tzu-Cheng Sung, Wen-Yih Chen, Pramod Shah et al.     Biotin is an essential vitamin which plays an important role for maintaining normal physiological function. A rapid, sensitive, and simple method is necessary to monitor the …             Laetoli’s lost tracks: 3D generated mean shape and missing footprints ▶     M. R. Bennett, S. C. Reynolds, S. A. Morse et al.     The Laetoli site (Tanzania) contains the oldest known hominin footprints, and their interpretation remains open to debate, despite over 35 years of research. The two hominin …             Neurotensin-induced miR-133α expression regulates neurotensin receptor 1 recycling through its downstream target aftiphilin ▶     Ivy Ka Man Law, Dane Jensen, Nigel W. Bunnett et al.     Neurotensin (NT) triggers signaling in human colonic epithelial cells by activating the G protein-coupled receptor, the neurotensin receptor 1 (NTR1). Activated NTR1 traffics …             Pepino (Solanum muricatum) planting increased diversity and abundance of bacterial communities in karst area ▶     Jinxiang Hu, Hui Yang, Xiaohua Long et al.     Soil nutrients and microbial communities are the two key factors in revegetation of barren environments. Ecological stoichiometry plays an important role in ecosystem function …             Prefrontal NAA and Glx Levels in Different Stages of Psychotic Disorders: a 3T 1H-MRS Study ▶     Edith Liemburg, Anita Sibeijn-Kuiper, Leonie Bais et al.     H-Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can offer insights in various neuropathologies by measuring metabolite levels in the brain. In the current study we investigated the …             Transient increase of interleukin-1β after prolonged febrile seizures promotes adult epileptogenesis through long-lasting upregulating endocannabinoid signaling ▶     Bo Feng, Yangshun Tang, Bin Chen et al.     It remains unclear how infantile febrile seizures (FS) enhance adult seizure susceptibility. Here we showed that the transient increase of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) after prolonged …             Antimicrobial activity of a quaternary ammonium methacryloxy silicate-containing acrylic resin: a randomised clinical trial ▶     Si-ying Liu, Lige Tonggu, Li-na Niu et al.     Quaternary ammonium methacryloxy silicate (QAMS)-containing acrylic resin demonstrated contact-killing antimicrobial ability in vitro after three months of water storage. The …             The Structural Basis of Oncogenic Mutations G12, G13 and Q61 in Small GTPase K-Ras4B ▶     Shaoyong Lu, Hyunbum Jang, Ruth Nussinov et al.     Ras mediates cell proliferation, survival and differentiation. Mutations in K-Ras4B are predominant at residues G12, G13 and Q61. Even though all impair GAP-assisted GTP → GDP …             Therapeutic efficacy of apelin on transplanted mesenchymal stem cells in hindlimb ischemic mice via regulation of autophagy ▶     Dong Liang, Dong Han, Weiwei Fan et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapy provides a promising avenue for the management of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, engrafted MSCs are subjected to acute …             A potential therapeutic peptide-based neutralizer that potently inhibits Shiga toxin 2 in vitro and in vivo ▶     Tao Li, Wei Tu, Yuenan Liu et al.     Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) is a major virulence factor in infections with Stx-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), which can cause serious clinical complications in humans, such as …             Disentangling the determinants of species richness of vascular plants and mammals from national to regional scales ▶     Haigen Xu, Mingchang Cao, Yi Wu et al.     Understanding the spatial patterns in species richness gets new implication for biodiversity conservation in the context of climate change and intensified human intervention. …                       The Geoffrey Beene Cancer Research Center at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Nature, Nature Cell Biology and Nature Reviews Cancer present: CANCER AS AN EVOLVING AND SYSTEMIC DISEASE March 12-15, 2016 | New York, NY, USA REGISTER NOW!               • Careers & Jobs         naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       PhD students and Postdocs     Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT).            Senior Researcher     Kew Gardens            Research Fellow     New York Blood Center            Research Associate     University of Bristol            Research Fellow     Boston Children's Hospital; Harvard Medical School            Postdoctoral Research Fellow     Thomas Jefferson University (TJU)            Postdoctoral Training Fellow     The Francis Crick Institute            Senior Research Associate Ref: RA1273     University of East Anglia (UEA)            Senior Research Associate     The Babraham Institute            Research Associate Position     University of Zurich          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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