Scientific Reports Table of Contents e-alert: 26 July 2016

26 July 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports         Jump to the content that matters to you ▼ Biological Sciences   ▼ Chemical Sciences   ▼ Physical Sciences   ▼ Earth & Environmental Sciences   ▼ Health Sciences           Biological Sciences ▲ top               Combretastatin A-4 efficiently inhibits angiogenesis and induces neuronal apoptosis in zebrafish ▶     Yun-Wei Shi, Wei Yuan, Xin Wang et al.     Cis-stilbene combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) and a large group of its derivant compounds have been shown significant anti-angiogenesis activity. However the side effects even the …             Protective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) via Nrf2 pathway against oxalate-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular cells ▶     Rattiyaporn Kanlaya, Supaporn Khamchun, Chompunoot Kapincharanon et al.     This study evaluated effect of oxalate on epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and potential anti-fibrotic property of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). MDCK renal tubular …             Immune DNA signature of T-cell infiltration in breast tumor exomes ▶     Eric Levy, Rachel Marty, Valentina Gárate Calderón et al.     Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been associated with favorable prognosis in multiple tumor types. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) represents the largest collection of …             Human breast cancer-derived soluble factors facilitate CCL19-induced chemotaxis of human dendritic cells ▶     Hyundoo Hwang, Changsik Shin, Juhee Park et al.     Breast cancer remains as a challenging disease with high mortality in women. Increasing evidence points the importance of understanding a crosstalk between breast cancers and …             Association of lymph-node antigens with lower Gag-specific central-memory and higher Env-specific effector-memory CD8+ T-cell frequencies in a macaque AIDS model ▶     Hiroshi Ishii, Saori Matsuoka, Takushi Nomura et al.     Virus-specific CD8+ T cells exert strong suppressive pressure on human/simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV/SIV) replication. These responses have been intensively examined in …             DIC image reconstruction using an energy minimization framework to visualize optical path length distribution ▶     Krisztian Koos, József Molnár, Lóránd Kelemen et al.     Label-free microscopy techniques have numerous advantages such as low phototoxicity, simple setup and no need for fluorophores or other contrast materials. Despite their …             Corrigendum: Evolved resistance to colistin and its loss due to genetic reversion in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Ji-Young Lee, Young Kyoung Park, Eun Seon Chung et al.                 Human Trefoil Factor 3 induces the transcription of its own promoter through STAT3 ▶     Yong Sun, Liangxi Wang, Yifang Zhou et al.     Human trefoil factor 3 (hTFF3) is a small peptide of potential therapeutic value. The mechanisms underlying the transcriptional regulation of hTFF3 remain unclear. The purpose of …             Corrigendum: Seven wood-inhabiting new species of the genus Trichoderma (Fungi, Ascomycota) in Viride clade ▶     Wen-Tao Qin, Wen-Ying Zhuang                 A novel gene OsAHL1 improves both drought avoidance and drought tolerance in rice ▶     Liguo Zhou, Zaochang Liu, Yunhua Liu et al.     A novel gene, OsAHL1, containing an AT-hook motif and a PPC domain was identified through genome-wide profiling and analysis of mRNAs by comparing the microarray of …             Infectivity, effects on helper viruses and whitefly transmission of the deltasatellites associated with sweepoviruses (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) ▶     Ishtiaq Hassan, Anelise F. Orílio, Elvira Fiallo-Olivé et al.     Begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) are whitefly-transmitted viruses with single-stranded DNA genomes that are frequently associated with DNA satellites. These satellites …             A simple Gateway-assisted construction system of TALEN genes for plant genome editing ▶     Hiroaki Kusano, Hitomi Onodera, Miho Kihira et al.     TALEN is an artificial nuclease being applied for sequence-specific genome editing. For the plant genome editing, a pair of TALEN genes is expressed in the cells, and a binary …             Sestrin2 Silencing Exacerbates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Decreasing Mitochondrial Biogenesis through the AMPK/PGC-1α Pathway in Rats ▶     Lingyu Li, Lina Xiao, Yanghao Hou et al.     Sestrin2 (Sesn2) exerts neuroprotective properties in some neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role of Sesn2 in stroke is unclear. The AMP-activated protein …             Somatotopic Map and Inter- and Intra-Digit Distance in Brodmann Area 2 by Pressure Stimulation ▶     Mi-Hyun Choi, Sung-Phil Kim, Hyung-Sik Kim et al.     The somatotopic representation of the tactile stimulation on the finger in the brain is an essential part of understanding the human somatosensory system as well as …             Systemic localization of seven major types of carbohydrates on cell membranes by dSTORM imaging ▶     Junling Chen, Jing Gao, Min Zhang et al.     Carbohydrates on the cell surface control intercellular interactions and play a vital role in various physiological processes. However, their systemic distribution patterns are …             Differential roles of the dorsal prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices in visual search: a TMS study ▶     Yulong Yan, Rizhen Wei, Qian Zhang et al.     Although previous studies have shown that fronto-parietal attentional networks play a crucial role in bottom-up and top-down processes, the relative contribution of the frontal …             A novel algorithm for detecting multiple covariance and clustering of biological sequences ▶     Wei Shen, Yan Li     Single genetic mutations are always followed by a set of compensatory mutations. Thus, multiple changes commonly occur in biological sequences and play crucial roles in …             Herbicides do not ensure for higher wheat yield, but eliminate rare plant species ▶     Sabrina Gaba, Edith Gabriel, Joël Chadœuf et al.     Weed control is generally considered to be essential for crop production and herbicides have become the main method used for weed control in developed countries. However, …             In Vivo therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles with optical imaging reporter in tumor mice model ▶     Senthilkumar Kalimuthu, Prakash Gangadaran, Xiu Juan Li et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used as a therapeutic armor for cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from MSCs have been evaluated for anticancer effects. In vivo targeting …             Two hAT transposon genes were transferred from Brassicaceae to broomrapes and are actively expressed in some recipients ▶     Ting Sun, Susanne S. Renner, Yuxing Xu et al.     A growing body of evidence is pointing to an important role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the evolution of higher plants. However, reports of HGTs of transposable elements …             Lysine Acetylation and Succinylation in HeLa Cells and their Essential Roles in Response to UV-induced Stress ▶     Hong Xu, Xuanyi Chen, Xiaoli Xu et al.     Lysine acetylation and succinylation are major types of protein acylation that are important in many cellular processes including gene transcription, cellular metabolism, DNA …             Skilled musicians are not subject to the McGurk effect ▶     Alice M. Proverbio, Gemma Massetti, Ezia Rizzi et al.     The McGurk effect is a compelling illusion in which humans auditorily perceive mismatched audiovisual speech as a completely different syllable. In this study evidences are …             A novel alignment-free method for detection of lateral genetic transfer based on TF-IDF ▶     Yingnan Cong, Yao-ban Chan, Mark A. Ragan     Lateral genetic transfer (LGT) plays an important role in the evolution of microbes. Existing computational methods for detecting genomic regions of putative lateral origin scale …             Exploring lateral genetic transfer among microbial genomes using TF-IDF ▶     Yingnan Cong, Yao-ban Chan, Mark A. Ragan     Many microbes can acquire genetic material from their environment and incorporate it into their genome, a process known as lateral genetic transfer (LGT). Computational …             Reduced insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling decreases translation in Drosophila and mice ▶     Paul Essers, Luke S. Tain, Tobias Nespital et al.     Down-regulation of insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) can increase lifespan in C. elegans, Drosophila and mice. In C. elegans, reduced IIS results in …             Asymmetric distribution of Spalt in Drosophila wing squamous and columnar epithelia ensures correct cell morphogenesis ▶     Wenqian Tang, Dan Wang, Jie Shen     The Drosophila wing imaginal disc is a sac-like structure that is composed of two opposing cell layers: peripodial epithelium (PE, also known as squamous epithelia) and disc …             Modulation of Dendritic-Epithelial Cell Responses against Sphingomonas Paucimobilis by Dietary Fibers ▶     Miriam Bermudez-Brito, Marijke M Faas, Paul de Vos     Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, such as Sphingomonas paucimobilis (S.paucimobilis), are among the most widespread causes of nosocomial infections. Up to now, no definitive …             ClC-3 Chloride Channel Proteins Regulate the Cell Cycle by Up-regulating cyclin D1-CDK4/6 through Suppressing p21/p27 Expression in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells ▶     Dong Ye, Hai Luo, Zhouyi Lai et al.     It was shown in this study that knockdown of ClC-3 expression by ClC-3 siRNA prevented the activation of hypotonicity-induced chloride currents, and arrested cells at the G0/G1 …             Regulation of Tlx3 by Pax6 is required for the restricted expression of Chrnα3 in Cerebellar Granule Neuron progenitors during development ▶     Thulasi Sheela Divya, Soundararajan Lalitha, Surendran Parvathy et al.     Homeobox gene Tlx3 is known to promote glutamatergic differentiation and is expressed in post-mitotic neurons of CNS. Contrary to this here, we discovered that Tlx3 is expressed …             Erratum: Newly identified motifs in Candida albicans Cdr1 protein nucleotide binding domains are pleiotropic drug resistance subfamily-specific and functionally asymmetric ▶     Manpreet Kaur Rawal, Atanu Banerjee, Abdul Haseeb Shah et al.                 Comparative analysis of plastid genomes of non-photosynthetic Ericaceae and their photosynthetic relatives ▶     Maria D. Logacheva, Mikhail I. Schelkunov, Victoria Y. Shtratnikova et al.     Although plastid genomes of flowering plants are typically highly conserved regarding their size, gene content and order, there are some exceptions. Ericaceae, a large and …             East Eurasian ancestry in the middle of Europe: genetic footprints of Steppe nomads in the genomes of Belarusian Lipka Tatars ▶     Vasili Pankratov, Sergei Litvinov, Alexei Kassian et al.     Medieval era encounters of nomadic groups of the Eurasian Steppe and largely sedentary East Europeans had a variety of demographic and cultural consequences. Amongst these …             A high-content image-based method for quantitatively studying context-dependent cell population dynamics ▶     Colleen M. Garvey, Erin Spiller, Danika Lindsay et al.     Tumor progression results from a complex interplay between cellular heterogeneity, treatment response, microenvironment and heterocellular interactions. Existing approaches to …             Potential Benefit of the Charge-Stabilized Nanostructure Saline RNS60 for Myelin Maintenance and Repair ▶     Vijayaraghava T. S. Rao, Damla Khan, Russell G. Jones et al.     Myelin injury in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been attributed both to “outside-in” primary immune mediated and “inside-out” metabolic stress of oligodendrocyte (OL) related …             Drying soil in North China drove the outbreak range expansion of meadow moth by facilitating long-distance migration ▶     Xiao Chen, Yuying Jiang, Aiguo Kang et al.     Studies of the mechanism underlying the range expansion of organisms have mainly focused on environmental conditions at the edges of species’ distributions, potentially ignoring …             Proteomics of hot-wet and cold-dry temperaments proposed in Iranian traditional medicine: a Network-based Study ▶     Hassan Rezadoost, Mehrdad Karimi, Mohieddin Jafari     Lack of molecular biology evidence has led clinical success of alternative and complementary medicine (CAM) to be marginalized. In turn, a large portion of life Science …             Oral CoQ10 attenuates high salt-induced hypertension by restoring neurotransmitters and cytokines in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus ▶     Hong-Li Gao, Xiao-Jing Yu, Jie Qi et al.     High salt intake leads to an increase in some proinflammatory cytokines and neurotransmitters involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The purpose of this work was to know …             Effects of grazing on photosynthetic features and soil respiration of rangelands in the Tianshan Mountains of Northwest China ▶     Hua Liu, Runguo Zang, Han Y. H. Chen     Rangelands play a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, the eco-physiological mechanisms associated with the effects of grazing on leaf photosynthesis and soil …             Expression profiling and functional characterization of miR-192 throughout sheep skeletal muscle development ▶     Qian Zhao, Ye Kang, Hong-Yang Wang et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved, small, non-coding RNAs that have emerged as key regulators of myogenesis. Here, we examined the miRNA expression profiles of …             Association of MIF, but not type I interferon-induced chemokines, with increased disease activity in Asian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus ▶     K. L. Connelly, R. Kandane-Rathnayake, A. Hoi et al.     Ethnicity is a key factor impacting on disease severity in SLE, but molecular mechanisms of these associations are unknown. Type I IFN and MIF have each been associated with SLE …             In situ eNOS/NO up-regulation—a simple and effective therapeutic strategy for diabetic skin ulcer ▶     Ye Yang, Dengke Yin, Fei Wang et al.     Decreased nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and increased NO consumption in diabetes induces the inadequate blood flow to tissues that is primarily responsible for the pathogenesis and …             The inhibition of calpains ameliorates vascular restenosis through MMP2/TGF-β1 pathway ▶     Lianghu Tang, Haifeng Pei, Yi Yang et al.     Restenosis limits the efficacy of vascular percutaneous intervention, in which vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and activation of inflammation are two primary …             A New Skin Tensiometer Device: Computational Analyses To Understand Biodynamic Excisional Skin Tension Lines ▶     Sharad P. Paul, Justin Matulich, Nick Charlton     One of the problems in planning cutaneous surgery is that human skin is anisotropic, or directionally dependent. Indeed, skin tension varies between individuals and at different …             Clade-level Spatial Modelling of HPAI H5N1 Dynamics in the Mekong Region Reveals New Patterns and Associations with Agro-Ecological Factors ▶     Jean Artois, Scott H. Newman, Madhur S. Dhingra et al.     The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus has been circulating in Asia since 2003 and diversified into several genetic lineages, or clades. Although the spatial …             Revisiting the mechanism of coagulation factor XIII activation and regulation from a structure/functional perspective ▶     Sneha Gupta, Arijit Biswas, Mohammad Suhail Akhter et al.     The activation and regulation of coagulation Factor XIII (FXIII) protein has been the subject of active research for the past three decades. Although discrete evidence exists on …             Corrigendum: Functional map of arrestin binding to phosphorylated opsin, with and without agonist ▶     Christian Peterhans, Ciara C. M. Lally, Martin K. Ostermaier et al.                 Corrigendum: Abnormal topological organization of the white matter network in Mandarin speakers with congenital amusia ▶     Yanxin Zhao, Xizhuo Chen, Suyu Zhong et al.                 Advantage of straight walk instability in turning maneuver of multilegged locomotion: a robotics approach ▶     Shinya Aoi, Takahiro Tanaka, Soichiro Fujiki et al.     Multilegged locomotion improves the mobility of terrestrial animals and artifacts. Using many legs has advantages, such as the ability to avoid falling and to tolerate leg …             Fibroblast growth factor rescues brain endothelial cells lacking presenilin 1 from apoptotic cell death following serum starvation ▶     Miguel A. Gama Sosa, Rita De Gasperi, Patrick R. Hof et al.     Presenilin 1 (Psen1) is important for vascular brain development and is known to influence cellular stress responses. To understand the role of Psen1 in endothelial stress …             Graphene-augmented nanofiber scaffolds demonstrate new features in cells behaviour ▶     Jekaterina Kazantseva, Roman Ivanov, Michael Gasik et al.     Three-dimensional (3D) customized scaffolds capable to mimic a native extracellular matrix open new frontiers in cells manipulation and advanced therapy. The major challenge is …             Novel method for rapid in-situ hybridization of HER2 using non-contact alternating-current electric-field mixing ▶     Yoshitaro Saito, Kazuhiro Imai, Ryuta Nakamura et al.     Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted agents are an effective approach to treating HER2-positive breast cancer patients. However, the lack of survival benefit …             Erratum: An ultra-high density linkage map and QTL mapping for sex and growth-related traits of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) ▶     Wenzhu Peng, Jian Xu, Yan Zhang et al.                 Random Bits Forest: a Strong Classifier/Regressor for Big Data ▶     Yi Wang, Yi Li, Weilin Pu et al.     Efficiency, memory consumption, and robustness are common problems with many popular methods for data analysis. As a solution, we present Random Bits Forest (RBF), a …             Arabidopsis YL1/BPG2 Is Involved in Seedling Shoot Response to Salt Stress through ABI4 ▶     Peng-Cheng Li, Jin-Guang Huang, Shao-Wei Yu et al.     The chloroplast-localized proteins play roles in plant salt stress response, but their mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we screened a yellow leaf mutant, yl1-1, …             Frontoparietal cortex and cerebellum contribution to the update of actual and mental motor performance during the day ▶     Laura Bonzano, Luca Roccatagliata, Piero Ruggeri et al.     Actual and imagined movement speed increases from early morning until mid-afternoon. Here, we investigated the neural correlates of these daily changes. Fifteen subjects …             The occurrence of individual slow waves in sleep is predicted by heart rate ▶     Armand Mensen, Zhongxing Zhang, Ming Qi et al.     The integration of near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography measures presents an ideal method to study the haemodynamics of sleep. While the cortical dynamics and …             Endogenous Small-Noncoding RNAs and Potential Functions in Desiccation Tolerance in Physcomitrella Patens ▶     Jing Xia, Xiaoqin Wang, Pierre-François Perroud et al.     Early land plants like moss Physcomitrella patens have developed remarkable drought tolerance. Phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) protects seeds during water stress by activating …             Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in obese, lean, and miniature pig breeds ▶     Yalan Yang, Rong Zhou, Yulian Mu et al.     DNA methylation is a crucial epigenetic modification involved in diverse biological processes. There is significant phenotypic variance between Chinese indigenous and western pig …             Shared mechanism of teratogenicity of anti-angiogenic drugs identified in the chicken embryo model ▶     Shaunna L. Beedie, Chris Mahony, Heather M. Walker et al.     Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is essential for tumor growth, stabilization and progression. Angiogenesis inhibitors are now widely used in the clinic; …             The first non Clostridial botulinum-like toxin cleaves VAMP within the juxtamembrane domain ▶     Irene Zornetta, Domenico Azarnia Tehran, Giorgio Arrigoni et al.     The genome of Weissella oryzae SG25T was recently sequenced and a botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) like gene was identified by bioinformatics methods. The typical three-domains …             Identification of apolipoprotein using feature selection technique ▶     Hua Tang, Ping Zou, Chunmei Zhang et al.     Apolipoprotein is a kind of protein which can transport the lipids through the lymphatic and circulatory systems. The abnormal expression level of apolipoprotein always causes …             A Bayesian algorithm for detecting differentially expressed proteins and its application in breast cancer research ▶     Tapesh Santra, Eleni Ioanna Delatola     Presence of considerable noise and missing data points make analysis of mass-spectrometry (MS) based proteomic data a challenging task. The missing values in MS data are caused …             Noninvasive, label-free, three-dimensional imaging of melanoma with confocal photothermal microscopy: Differentiate malignant melanoma from benign tumor tissue ▶     Jinping He, Nan Wang, Hiromichi Tsurui et al.     Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers. Melanoma accounts for less than 2% of skin cancer cases but causes a large majority of skin cancer deaths. Early detection of …             Novel chytrid lineages dominate fungal sequences in diverse marine and freshwater habitats ▶     André M. Comeau, Warwick F. Vincent, Louis Bernier et al.     In aquatic environments, fungal communities remain little studied despite their taxonomic and functional diversity. To extend the ecological coverage of this group, we conducted …             Simulated microgravity inhibits osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells via depolymerizing F-actin to impede TAZ nuclear translocation ▶     Zhe Chen, Qing Luo, Chuanchuan Lin et al.     Microgravity induces observed bone loss in space flight, and reduced osteogenesis of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) partly contributes to this phenomenon. Abnormal …             Genome-wide analyses of the bZIP family reveal their involvement in the development, ripening and abiotic stress response in banana ▶     Wei Hu, Lianzhe Wang, Weiwei Tie et al.     The leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors play important roles in multiple biological processes. However, less information is available regarding the bZIP family in the …             Individual language experience modulates rapid formation of cortical memory circuits for novel words ▶     Lilli Kimppa, Teija Kujala, Yury Shtyrov     Mastering multiple languages is an increasingly important ability in the modern world; furthermore, multilingualism may affect human learning abilities. Here, we test how the …             Familial bias and auditory feedback regulation of vocal babbling patterns during early song development ▶     Daisuke Sato, Chihiro Mori, Azusa Sawai et al.     Learned vocalizations are a crucial acoustic biosignal conveying individual traits in many species. Songbirds learn song patterns by listening to a tutor song and performing …             Genomic analysis identified a potential novel molecular mechanism for high-altitude adaptation in sheep at the Himalayas ▶     Neena Amatya Gorkhali, Kunzhe Dong, Min Yang et al.     Sheep has successfully adapted to the extreme high-altitude Himalayan region. To identify genes underlying such adaptation, we genotyped genome-wide single nucleotide …             Hepatocellular Carcinoma associated with Extra-hepatic Primary Malignancy: its Secular change, Clinical Manifestations and Survival ▶     Kwong Ming Kee, Jing-Houng Wang, Chih-Chi Wang et al.     Clinical manifestations between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and extra-hepatic primary malignancy (EHPM) are lack of large-scale study. We enrolled 14555 HCC patients between …             LmCYP4G102: An oenocyte-specific cytochrome P450 gene required for cuticular waterproofing in the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria ▶     Zhitao Yu, Xueyao Zhang, Yiwen Wang et al.     Cytochrome P450 superfamily proteins play important roles in detoxification of xenobiotics and during physiological and developmental processes. To contribute to our …             Efficacy of species-specific protein antibiotics in a murine model of acute Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection ▶     Laura C. McCaughey, Neil. D. Ritchie, Gillian R. Douce et al.     Protein antibiotics, known as bacteriocins, are widely produced by bacteria for intraspecies competition. The potency and targeted action of bacteriocins suggests that they could …             Differential in vivo activation of monocyte subsets during low-grade inflammation through experimental endotoxemia in humans ▶     B. Thaler, P. J. Hohensinner, K. A. Krychtiuk et al.     Human monocytes are a heterogeneous cell population, which can be divided into a classical (CD14++CD16−), a non-classical (CD14+CD16+), and an intermediate (CD14++CD16+) subset. …             Detection of influenza A virus from live-bird market poultry swab samples in China by a pan-IAV, one-step reverse-transcription FRET-PCR ▶     Lu Luan, Zhihao Sun, Bernhard Kaltenboeck et al.     The persistent public health threat of animal to human transmission of influenza A virus (IAV) has stimulated interest in rapid and accurate detection of all IAV subtypes in …             Arabidopsis AtERF014 acts as a dual regulator that differentially modulates immunity against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and Botrytis cinerea ▶     Huijuan Zhang, Yongbo Hong, Lei Huang et al.     ERF transcription factors play critical roles in plant immune responses. Here, we report the function of AtERF014, a nucleus-localized transcriptional activator, in Arabidopsis …             The mitochondrial genome map of Nelumbo nucifera reveals ancient evolutionary features ▶     Songtao Gui, Zhihua Wu, Hongyuan Zhang et al.     Nelumbo nucifera is an evolutionary relic from the Late Cretaceous period. Sequencing the N. nucifera mitochondrial genome is important for elucidating the evolutionary …             Knocking down of heat-shock protein 27 directs differentiation of functional glutamatergic neurons from placenta-derived multipotent cells ▶     Yu-Che Cheng, Chi-Jung Huang, Yih-Jing Lee et al.     This study presents human placenta-derived multipotent cells (PDMCs) as a source from which functional glutamatergic neurons can be derived. We found that the small heat-shock …             A novel allele of L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase is associated with enhanced drought tolerance through affecting stomatal aperture in common wheat ▶     Juncheng Zhang, Bin Li, Yanping Yang et al.     In higher plants, L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (GLDH) plays important roles in ascorbic acid (AsA) biosynthesis and assembly of respiration complex I. Here we report …             Target deletion of complement component 9 attenuates antibody-mediated hemolysis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute shock in mice ▶     Xiaoyan Fu, Jiyu Ju, Zhijuan Lin et al.     Terminal complement membrane attack complex (MAC) formation is induced initially by C5b, followed by the sequential condensation of the C6, C7, C8. Polymerization of C9 to the …             Impact of structural polymorphism for the Helicobacter pylori CagA oncoprotein on binding to polarity-regulating kinase PAR1b ▶     Hiroko Nishikawa, Takeru Hayashi, Fumio Arisaka et al.     Chronic infection with cagA-positive Helicobacter pylori is the strongest risk factor for atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. CagA, the product of the cagA …             Transcriptome sequencing wide functional analysis of human mesenchymal stem cells in response to TLR4 ligand ▶     Sun Hwa Kim, Amitabh Das, Jin Choul Chai et al.     Due to their multipotentiality and immunomodulation, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are widely studied for the treatment of degenerative and inflammatory diseases. …             Cdk5 Modulates Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity and Motor Learning in Dorsolateral Striatum ▶     Adan Hernandez, Chunfeng Tan, Gabriel Mettlach et al.     The striatum controls multiple cognitive aspects including motivation, reward perception, decision-making and motor planning. In particular, the dorsolateral striatum contributes …             A critical role for the self-assembly of Amyloid-β1-42 in neurodegeneration ▶     Karen E. Marshall, Devkee M. Vadukul, Liza Dahal et al.     Amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42) plays a central role in Alzheimer’s disease. The link between structure, assembly and neuronal toxicity of this peptide is of major current interest but …             Functional and Proteomic Investigations Reveal Major Royal Jelly Protein 1 Associated with Anti-hypertension Activity in Mouse Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells ▶     Pei Fan, Bin Han, Mao Feng et al.     Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are a major cell type of the arterial wall and their functionality is associated with blood pressure regulation. Although royal jelly (RJ) …             Mesenchymal progenitors in osteopenias of diverse pathologies: differential characteristics in the common shift from osteoblastogenesis to adipogenesis ▶     Bingdong Sui, Chenghu Hu, Li Liao et al.     Osteoporosis is caused by pathologic factors such as aging, hormone deficiency or excess, inflammation, and systemic diseases like diabetes. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), …             Gene silencing of endothelial von Willebrand Factor attenuates angiotensin II-induced endothelin-1 expression in porcine aortic endothelial cells ▶     Anar Dushpanova, Silvia Agostini, Enrica Ciofini et al.     Expression of endothelin (ET)-1 is increased in endothelial cells exposed to angiotensin II (Ang II), leading to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disorders. Since von …             No impact of transgenic cry1C rice on the rove beetle Paederus fuscipes, a generalist predator of brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens ▶     Jiarong Meng, Juma Ibrahim Mabubu, Yu Han et al.     T1C-19 is newly developed transgenic rice active against lepidopteran pests, and expresses a synthesized cry1C gene driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter. The brown planthopper, …             The discovery of a novel inhibitor of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) for ischemic heart: synthesis, activity and target identification ▶     Ying Wang, Yang Cao, Qing Zhu et al.     Apaf-1 is a central component in the apoptosis regulatory network for the treatment of apoptosis related diseases. Excessive Apaf-1 activity induced by myocardial ischemia causes …             Role of Zn doping in oxidative stress mediated cytotoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells ▶     Maqusood Ahamed, M. A. Majeed Khan, Mohd Javed Akhtar et al.     We investigated the effect of Zn-doping on structural and optical properties as well as cellular response of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. A …             miR-877-3p targets Smad7 and is associated with myofibroblast differentiation and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis ▶     Cong Wang, Shen Gu, Honghui Cao et al.     Myofibroblast differentiation of lung resident mesenchymal stem cells (LR-MSC) plays an important role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. By comparing the expression profiles of …             Osmolyte cooperation affects turgor dynamics in plants ▶     Alfredo Argiolas, Gian Luigi Puleo, Edoardo Sinibaldi et al.     Scientists have identified turgor-based actuation as a fundamental mechanism in plant movements. Plant cell turgor is generated by water influx due to the osmolyte concentration …             A functional variant rs353292 in the flanking region of miR-143/145 contributes to the risk of colorectal cancer ▶     Fang Yuan, Ruifen Sun, Lijuan Li et al.     MicroRNA (miR)-143 and miR-145 have been identified as molecular regulators in cell proliferation, cell growth, clone formation, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion, and migration. …             Astragaloside IV improves lipid metabolism in obese mice by alleviation of leptin resistance and regulation of thermogenic network ▶     Hui Wu, Yan Gao, Hai-Lian Shi et al.     Obesity is a worldwide threat to public health in modern society, which may result from leptin resistance and disorder of thermogenesis. The present study investigated whether …             Temporal assessment of nanoparticle accumulation after experimental brain injury: Effect of particle size ▶     Vimala N. Bharadwaj, Jonathan Lifshitz, P. David Adelson et al.     Nanoparticle (NP) based therapeutic and theranostic agents have been developed for various diseases, yet application to neural disease/injury is restricted by the …             Application of a cell microarray chip system for accurate, highly sensitive, and rapid diagnosis for malaria in Uganda ▶     Shouki Yatsushiro, Takeki Yamamoto, Shohei Yamamura et al.     Accurate, sensitive, rapid, and easy operative diagnosis is necessary to prevent the spread of malaria. A cell microarray chip system including a push column for the recovery of …             Prolonged secretion of cortisol as a possible mechanism underlying stress and depressive behaviour ▶     Dong-dong Qin, Joshua Rizak, Xiao-li Feng et al.     Stress is associated with the onset of depressive episodes, and cortisol hypersecretion is considered a biological risk factor of depression. However, the possible mechanisms …             Mechanism and Effect of Temperature on Variations in Antibiotic Resistance Genes during Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Manure ▶     Wei Sun, Xun Qian, Jie Gu et al.     Animal manure comprises an important reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), but the variation in ARGs during anaerobic digestion at various temperatures and its …             TSG-6 secreted by human umbilical cord-MSCs attenuates severe burn-induced excessive inflammation via inhibiting activations of P38 and JNK signaling ▶     Lingying Liu, Huifeng Song, Hongjie Duan et al.     The hMSCs have become a promising approach for inflammation treatment in acute phase. Our previous study has demonstrated that human umbilical cord-MSCs could alleviate the …             Discovery of Nigri/nox and Panto/pox site-specific recombinase systems facilitates advanced genome engineering ▶     Madina Karimova, Victoria Splith, Janet Karpinski et al.     Precise genome engineering is instrumental for biomedical research and holds great promise for future therapeutic applications. Site-specific recombinases (SSRs) are valuable …             Relationship between elevated soluble CD74 and severity of experimental and clinical ALI/ARDS ▶     Guosheng Wu, Yu Sun, Kang’an Wang et al.     CD74 is expressed on the cell surface of pulmonary macrophages and contributes to macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-induced inflammatory response in acute lung injury …             FeOx-TiO2 Film with Different Microstructures Leading to Femtosecond Transients with Different Properties: Biological Implications under Visible Light ▶     Sami Rtimi, Cesar Pulgarin, Victor A. Nadtochenko et al.     This study presents the first report addressing the effect of FeOx-TiO2 films microstructure on the transients detected by fast spectroscopy related to the long-range bacterial …             Dysfunctional epileptic neuronal circuits and dysmorphic dendritic spines are mitigated by platelet-activating factor receptor antagonism ▶     Alberto E. Musto, Robert F. Rosencrans, Chelsey P. Walker et al.     Temporal lobe epilepsy or limbic epilepsy lacks effective therapies due to a void in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that set in motion aberrant neuronal …             A Chinese herbal decoction, reformulated from Kai-Xin-San, relieves the depression-like symptoms in stressed rats and induces neurogenesis in cultured neurons ▶     Lu Yan, Qinghua Hu, Marvin S. H. Mak et al.     Kai-Xin-San (KXS), a Chinese herbal decoction for anti-depression, is a combination of paired-herbs, i.e. Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (GR)-Polygalae Radix (PR) and Acori Tatarinowii …             Pancreatic Cancer Cell Exosome-Mediated Macrophage Reprogramming and the Role of MicroRNAs 155 and 125b2 Transfection using Nanoparticle Delivery Systems ▶     Mei-Ju Su, Hibah Aldawsari, Mansoor Amiji     Exosomes are nano-sized endosome-derived small intraluminal vesicles, which are important facilitators of intercellular communication by transporting contents, such as protein, …             Metabolomics analysis for hydroxy-L-proline-induced calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in rats based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry ▶     Songyan Gao, Rui Yang, Zhongjiang Peng et al.     About 80% of kidney stones are composed of calcium oxalate (CaOx) with variable amounts of calcium phosphate, and hyperoxaluria is considered as an important factor of CaOx …             Targeting of the circadian clock via CK1δ/ε to improve glucose homeostasis in obesity ▶     Peter S. Cunningham, Siobhán A. Ahern, Laura C. Smith et al.     Growing evidence indicates that disruption of our internal timing system contributes to the incidence and severity of metabolic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. …             Bats: Body mass index, forearm mass index, blood glucose levels and SLC2A2 genes for diabetes ▶     Fanxing Meng, Lei Zhu, Wenjie Huang et al.     Bats have an unusually large volume of endocrine tissue, with a large population of beta cells, and an elevated sensitivity to glucose and insulin. This makes them excellent …             Mitonuclear interactions, mtDNA-mediated thermal plasticity, and implications for the Trojan Female Technique for pest control ▶     Jonci N. Wolff, Daniel M. Tompkins, Neil J. Gemmell et al.     Pest species pose major challenges to global economies, ecosystems, and health. Unfortunately, most conventional approaches to pest control remain costly, and temporary in …             Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal mechanistic insight into the adaption of marine Bacillus subtilis C01 to alumina nanoparticles ▶     Dashuai Mu, Xiuxia Yu, Zhenxing Xu et al.     An increasing number of studies have investigated the effects of nanoparticles (NPs) on microbial systems; however, few existing reports have focused on the defense mechanisms of …             Fast frequency-sweep spectroscopic imaging with an ultra-low flip angle ▶     Junyu Guo, Zoltan Patay, Wilburn E. Reddick     Magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic imaging has become an important tool in clinical settings for noninvasively obtaining spatial and metabolic information on a molecular …             Macrodinychus mites as parasitoids of invasive ants: an overlooked parasitic association ▶     Jean-Paul Lachaud, Hans Klompen, Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud     Mites are frequent ant symbionts, yet the exact nature of their interactions with their hosts is poorly known. Generally, myrmecophilous mites show adaptations for dispersal …             Antibiotic-induced perturbations in gut microbial diversity influences neuro-inflammation and amyloidosis in a murine model of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Myles R. Minter, Can Zhang, Vanessa Leone et al.     Severe amyloidosis and plaque-localized neuro-inflammation are key pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In addition to astrocyte and microglial reactivity, emerging …             Heterogeneous water supply affects growth and benefits of clonal integration between co-existing invasive and native Hydrocotyle species ▶     Yong-Jian Wang, Yun-Fei Bai, Shi-Qi Zeng et al.     Spatial patchiness and temporal variability in water availability are common in nature under global climate change, which can remarkably influence adaptive responses of clonal …             Deregulation of the OsmiR160 Target Gene OsARF18 Causes Growth and Developmental Defects with an Alteration of Auxin Signaling in Rice ▶     Jian Huang, Zhiyong Li, Dazhong Zhao     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control gene expression as key negative regulators at the post-transcriptional level. MiR160 plays a pivotal role in Arabidopsis growth and development through …             Multibody cofactor and substrate molecular recognition in the myo-inositol monophosphatase enzyme ▶     Noelia Ferruz, Gary Tresadern, Antonio Pineda-Lucena et al.     Molecular recognition is rarely a two-body protein-ligand problem, as it often involves the dynamic interplay of multiple molecules that together control the binding process. …             Fusion of the mouse IgG1 Fc domain to the VHH fragment (ARP1) enhances protection in a mouse model of rotavirus ▶     Gökçe Günaydın, Shengze Yu, Torbjörn Gräslund et al.     A variable fragment of a heavy chain antibody (VHH) directed against rotavirus, also referred to as anti-rotavirus protein 1 (ARP1), was shown to confer protection against …             Deletion of Indian hedgehog gene causes dominant semi-lethal Creeper trait in chicken ▶     Sihua Jin, Feng Zhu, Yanyun Wang et al.     The Creeper trait, a classical monogenic phenotype of chicken, is controlled by a dominant semi-lethal gene. This trait has been widely cited in the genetics and molecular …             Identification of a diazinon-metabolizing glutathione S-transferase in the silkworm, Bombyx mori ▶     Kohji Yamamoto, Naotaka Yamada     The glutathione S-transferase superfamily play key roles in the metabolism of numerous xenobiotics. We report herein the identification and characterization of a novel …             Identification and functional expression of the pepper RING type E3 ligase, CaDTR1, involved in drought stress tolerance via ABA-mediated signalling ▶     Hyunhee Joo, Chae Woo Lim, Sung Chul Lee     Drought negatively affects plant growth and development, thereby leading to loss of crop productivity. Several plant E3 ubiquitin ligases act as positive or negative regulators …             Diurnal dynamic behavior of microglia in response to infected bacteria through the UDP-P2Y6 receptor system ▶     Fumiko Takayama, Yoshinori Hayashi, Zhou Wu et al.     It has long been believed that microglia morphologically transform into the activated state by retracting their long processes and consuming pathogens when bacteria infect into …             IL-33 Contributes to Schistosoma japonicum-induced Hepatic Pathology through Induction of M2 Macrophages ▶     Hui Peng, Qixian Zhang, Xiaojuan Li et al.     Interleukin (IL)-33 is involved in T helper (Th)2-biased immune responses in mice infected with Schistosoma, but the precise mechanism remains to be elucidated. Herein, we …             Serotonin biosynthesis as a predictive marker of serotonin pharmacodynamics and disease-induced dysregulation ▶     Richard W. D. Welford, Magali Vercauteren, Annette Trébaul et al.     The biogenic amine serotonin (5-HT) is a multi-faceted hormone that is synthesized from dietary tryptophan with the rate limiting step being catalyzed by the enzyme tryptophan …             TALE-directed local modulation of H3K9 methylation shapes exon recognition ▶     Nicole I. Bieberstein, Eva Kozáková, Martina Huranová et al.     In search for the function of local chromatin environment on pre-mRNA processing we established a new tool, which allows for the modification of chromatin using a targeted …             An Integrative Genetic Study of Rice Metabolism, Growth and Stochastic Variation Reveals Potential C/N Partitioning Loci ▶     Baohua Li, Yuanyuan Zhang, Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi et al.     Studying the genetic basis of variation in plant metabolism has been greatly facilitated by genomic and metabolic profiling advances. In this study, we use metabolomics and …             A genome-wide imaging-based screening to identify genes involved in synphilin-1 inclusion formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ▶     Lei Zhao, Qian Yang, Ju Zheng et al.     Synphilin-1 is a major component of Parkinson’s disease (PD) inclusion bodies implicated in PD pathogenesis. However, the machinery controlling synphilin-1 inclusion formation …             Proximate drivers of spatial segregation in non-breeding albatrosses ▶     Thomas A. Clay, Andrea Manica, Peter G. Ryan et al.     Many animals partition resources to avoid competition, and in colonially-breeding species this often leads to divergent space or habitat use. During the non-breeding season, …             The Molecular Mechanism of Opening the Helix Bundle Crossing (HBC) Gate of a Kir Channel ▶     Xuan-Yu Meng, Shengtang Liu, Meng Cui et al.     Inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels, serving as natural molecular nanomachines, transport potassium ions across the plasma membrane of the cell. Along the ion permeation …             Nitrogen and hydrophosphate affects glycolipids composition in microalgae ▶     Xin Wang, Zhouyuan Shen, Xiaoling Miao     Glycolipids had received increasing attention because of their uses in various industries like cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, food and machinery manufacture. Microalgae were …             Functional and modular analyses of diverse endoglucanases from Ruminococcus albus 8, a specialist plant cell wall degrading bacterium ▶     Michael Iakiviak, Saravanan Devendran, Anna Skorupski et al.     Ruminococcus albus 8 is a specialist plant cell wall degrading ruminal bacterium capable of utilizing hemicellulose and cellulose. Cellulose degradation requires a suite of …             Dynamics of membrane nanotubes coated with I-BAR ▶     Younes F. Barooji, Andreas Rørvig-Lund, Szabolcs Semsey et al.     Membrane deformation is a necessary step in a number of cellular processes such as filopodia and invadopodia formation and has been shown to involve membrane shaping proteins …             Cable energy function of cortical axons ▶     Huiwen Ju, Michael L. Hines, Yuguo Yu     Accurate estimation of action potential (AP)-related metabolic cost is essential for understanding energetic constraints on brain connections and signaling processes. Most …             Chromophore-Assisted Light Inactivation of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Complex II in Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Andrew P. Wojtovich, Alicia Y. Wei, Teresa A. Sherman et al.     Mitochondria play critical roles in meeting cellular energy demand, in cell death, and in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and stress signaling. Most Caenorhabditis elegans …             A comprehensive phylogeography of the Hyles euphorbiae complex (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) indicates a ‘glacial refuge belt’ ▶     Michael B. Mende, Manuela Bartel, Anna K. Hundsdoerfer     We test the morphology based hypothesis that the Western Palaearctic spurge hawkmoths represent two species, the Eurasian H. euphorbiae and Afro-Macaronesian H. tithymali. It has …             A novel role of microRNA 17-5p in the modulation of circadian rhythm ▶     Qian Gao, Lan Zhou, Su-Yu Yang et al.     The circadian clock helps living organisms to adjust their physiology and behaviour to adapt environmental day-night cycles. The period length of circadian rhythm reflects the …             Caloric restriction of db/db mice reverts hepatic steatosis and body weight with divergent hepatic metabolism ▶     Kyung Eun Kim, Youngae Jung, Soonki Min et al.     Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent causes of liver disease and its prevalence is a serious and growing clinical problem. Caloric restriction …             Novel adjuvant Alum-TLR7 significantly potentiates immune response to glycoconjugate vaccines ▶     Cecilia Buonsanti, Cristiana Balocchi, Carole Harfouche et al.     Although glycoconjugate vaccines are generally very efficacious, there is still a need to improve their efficacy, especially in eliciting a strong primary antibody response. We …             Mapping the climatic suitable habitat of oriental arborvitae (Platycladus orientalis) for introduction and cultivation at a global scale ▶     Guoqing Li, Sheng Du, Zhongming Wen     Oriental arborvitae (Platycladus orientalis) is an important afforestation and ornamental tree species, which is native in eastern Asian. Therefore, a global suitable habitat map …             Non-invasive evaluation of neuroprotective drug candidates for cerebral infarction by PET imaging of mitochondrial complex-I activity ▶     Tatsuya Fukuta, Tomohiro Asai, Takayuki Ishii et al.     The development of a diagnostic technology that can accurately determine the pathological progression of ischemic stroke and evaluate the therapeutic effects of cerebroprotective …             In vivo blockade of acetylcholinesterase increases intraovarian acetylcholine and enhances follicular development and fertility in the rat ▶     Javier Urra, Jan Blohberger, Michelle Tiszavari et al.     Growth and differentiation of ovarian follicles are regulated by systemic and local factors, which may include acetylcholine (ACh). Granulosa cells (GCs) of growing follicles and …             Imaging of Osteoarthritic Human Articular Cartilage using Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy Combined with Multivariate and Univariate Analysis ▶     J. Oinas, L. Rieppo, M. A. J. Finnilä et al.     The changes in chemical composition of human articular cartilage (AC) caused by osteoarthritis (OA) were investigated using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy …             Facilitated biological reduction of nitroaromatic compounds by reduced graphene oxide and the role of its surface characteristics ▶     Lei Li, Qi Liu, Yi-Xuan Wang et al.     How reduced graphene oxide (RGO) mediates the reductive transformation of nitroaromatic pollutants by mixed cultures and the role of its surface characteristics were evaluated in …             A novel, rapid method to compare the therapeutic windows of oral anticoagulants using the Hill coefficient ▶     Jeremy B. Chang, Kayla M. Quinnies, Ronald Realubit et al.     A central challenge in designing and administering effective anticoagulants is achieving the proper therapeutic window and dosage for each patient. The Hill coefficient, nH, …             Expression patterns, mutation detection and RNA interference of Rhopalosiphum padi voltage-gated sodium channel genes ▶     Yayun Zuo, Xiong Peng, Kang Wang et al.     The voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) is the target of sodium-channel-blocking insecticides. Traditionally, animals were thought to have only one VGSC gene comprising a …             A Redox-Nucleophilic Dual-Reactable Probe for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of H2S: Synthesis, Spectra and Bioimaging ▶     Changyu Zhang, Runyu Wang, Longhuai Cheng et al.     Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important signalling molecule with multiple biological functions. The reported H2S fluorescent probes are majorly based on redox or nucleophilic …             Epigenetic silencing of miR-19a-3p by cold atmospheric plasma contributes to proliferation inhibition of the MCF-7 breast cancer cell ▶     Seungyeon Lee, Hyunkyung Lee, Hansol Bae et al.     Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been proposed as a useful cancer treatment option after showing higher induction of cell death in cancer cells than in normal cells. Although a …             Microbiota Modulates Behavior and Protein Kinase C mediated cAMP response element-binding protein Signaling ▶     Li Zeng, Benhua Zeng, Haiyang Wang et al.     Evolutionary pressure drives gut microbiota–host coevolution and results in complex interactions between gut microbiota and neural development; however, the molecular mechanisms …             Features of an altered AMPK metabolic pathway in Gilbert’s Syndrome, and its role in metabolic health ▶     Christine Mölzer, Marlies Wallner, Carina Kern et al.     Energy metabolism, involving the ATP-dependent AMPK-PgC-Ppar pathway impacts metabolic health immensely, in that its impairment can lead to obesity, giving rise to disease. Based …             The human amniotic fluid stem cell secretome effectively counteracts doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity ▶     Edoardo Lazzarini, Carolina Balbi, Paola Altieri et al.     The anthracycline doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used in oncology, but it may cause a cardiomyopathy with bleak prognosis that cannot be effectively prevented. The secretome of …             MicroRNA-mediated target mRNA cleavage and 3′-uridylation in human cells ▶     Kai Xu, Jing Lin, Roza Zandi et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in targeted gene silencing by facilitating posttranscriptional and translational repression. However, the precise mechanism of mammalian …             Structural and thermodynamic basis of proline-induced transmembrane complex stabilization ▶     Thomas Schmidt, Alan J. Situ, Tobias S. Ulmer     In membrane proteins, proline-mediated helix kinks are indispensable for the tight packing of transmembrane (TM) helices. However, kinks invariably affect numerous interhelical …             Corrigendum: A polyalanine peptide derived from polar fish with anti-infectious activities ▶     Marlon H. Cardoso, Suzana M. Ribeiro, Diego O. Nolasco et al.                 PETModule: a motif module based approach for enhancer target gene prediction ▶     Changyong Zhao, Xiaoman Li, Haiyan Hu     The identification of enhancer-target gene (ETG) pairs is vital for the understanding of gene transcriptional regulation. Experimental approaches such as Hi-C have generated …             Corrigendum: Unique human orbital morphology compared with that of apes ▶     Eric Denion, Martin Hitier, Vincent Guyader et al.                 Interaction of ARF-1.1 and neuronal calcium sensor-1 in the control of the temperature-dependency of locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans ▶     Paul A. C. Todd, Hannah V. McCue, Lee P. Haynes et al.     Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) mediates changes in cellular function by regulating various target proteins. Many potential targets have been identified but the physiological …             Corrigendum: Autophagy confers DNA damage repair pathways to protect the hematopoietic system from nuclear radiation injury ▶     Weiwei Lin, Na Yuan, Zhen Wang et al.                 Acute stress selectively impairs learning to act ▶     Archy O. de Berker, Margot Tirole, Robb B. Rutledge et al.     Stress interferes with instrumental learning. However, choice is also influenced by non-instrumental factors, most strikingly by biases arising from Pavlovian associations that …             Multiple G-quartet structures in pre-edited mRNAs suggest evolutionary driving force for RNA editing in trypanosomes ▶     W.-Matthias Leeder, Niklas F. C. Hummel, H. Ulrich Göringer     Mitochondrial transcript maturation in African trypanosomes requires a U-nucleotide specific RNA editing reaction. In its most extreme form hundreds of U’s are inserted into and …             Aluminium-induced reduction of plant growth in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is mediated by interrupting auxin transport and accumulation in roots ▶     Shengyin Wang, Xiaoyan Ren, Bingru Huang et al.     The objective of this study was to investigate Al3+-induced IAA transport, distribution, and the relation of these two processes to Al3+-inhibition of root growth in alfalfa. …             Ethylene Response Factor TERF1, Regulated by ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3-like Factors, Functions in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Scavenging in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) ▶     Hongbo Zhang, Ang Li, Zhijin Zhang et al.     The phytohormone ethylene plays a crucial role in the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plants under stress conditions. Ethylene response factors …             Secretory locations of SIPC in Amphibalanus amphitrite cyprids and a novel function of SIPC in biomineralization ▶     Gen Zhang, Xiao-Xue Yang, Pok Man Leung et al.     Settlement-inducing protein complex (SIPC) is a pheromone that triggers conspecific larval settlement in the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. In the present study, …             Social Environment Shapes the Speed of Cooperation ▶     Akihiro Nishi, Nicholas A. Christakis, Anthony M. Evans et al.     Are cooperative decisions typically made more quickly or slowly than non-cooperative decisions? While this question has attracted considerable attention in recent years, most …             Intermittent high oxygen influences the formation of neural retinal tissue from human embryonic stem cells ▶     Lixiong Gao, Xi Chen, Yuxiao Zeng et al.     The vertebrate retina is a highly multilayered nervous tissue with a large diversity of cellular components. With the development of stem cell technologies, human retinas can be …             Mapping small-effect and linked quantitative trait loci for complex traits in backcross or DH populations via a multi-locus GWAS methodology ▶     Shi-Bo Wang, Yang-Jun Wen, Wen-Long Ren et al.     Composite interval mapping (CIM) is the most widely-used method in linkage analysis. Its main feature is the ability to control genomic background effects via inclusion of …             Accumulation of arachidonic acid-containing phosphatidylinositol at the outer edge of colorectal cancer ▶     Takanori Hiraide, Koji Ikegami, Takanori Sakaguchi et al.     Accumulating evidence indicates that cancer cells show specific alterations in phospholipid metabolism that contribute to tumour progression in several types of cancer, including …             The transcription factor SKN7 regulates conidiation, thermotolerance, apoptotic-like cell death and parasitism in the nematode endoparasitic fungus Hirsutella minnesotensis ▶     Muzammil Hussain, M. Imran Hamid, Niuniu Wang et al.     The transcription factor SKN7 is a highly conserved protein among fungi and was initially recognized as a response regulator that protects cells from oxidative stress and …             All framing effects are not created equal: Low convergent validity between two classic measurements of framing ▶     Shanshan Zhen, Rongjun Yu     Human risk-taking attitudes can be influenced by two logically equivalent but descriptively different frames, termed the framing effect. The classic hypothetical vignette-based …             Corrigendum: All trans-retinoic acid analogs promote cancer cell apoptosis through non-genomic Crabp1 mediating ERK1/2 phosphorylation ▶     Shawna D. Persaud, Sung Wook Park, Mari Ishigami-Yuasa et al.                 Suppression of TRPV4 channels ameliorates anti-dipsogenic effects under hypoxia in the subfornical organ of rats ▶     Fan Yang, Li Zhou, Dong Wang et al.     The phenomenon of water intake reduction during the 1st day of hypobaric hypoxia has been known for a long time. However, the reason for the same is yet unknown. The transient …             Placebo Response is Driven by UCS Revaluation: Evidence, Neurophysiological Consequences and a Quantitative Model ▶     Luca Puviani, Sidita Rama     Despite growing scientific interest in the placebo effect and increasing understanding of neurobiological mechanisms, theoretical modeling of the placebo response remains poorly …             Chronic administration of aripiprazole activates GSK3β-dependent signalling pathways, and up-regulates GABAA receptor expression and CREB1 activity in rats ▶     Bo Pan, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng     Aripiprazole is a D2-like receptor (D2R) partial agonist with a favourable clinical profile. Previous investigations indicated that acute and short-term administration of …             Griffiths phase and long-range correlations in a biologically motivated visual cortex model ▶     M. Girardi-Schappo, G. S. Bortolotto, J. J. Gonsalves et al.     Activity in the brain propagates as waves of firing neurons, namely avalanches. These waves’ size and duration distributions have been experimentally shown to display a stable …             Association of the molecular regulation of ear leaf senescence/stress response and photosynthesis/metabolism with heterosis at the reproductive stage in maize ▶     Yi Song, Zhe Zhang, Xianjie Tan et al.     Maize exhibits a wide range of heterotic traits, but the molecular basis of heterosis at the reproductive stage has seldom been exploited. Leaf senescence is a degenerative …             Quantification of Somatic Chromosomal Rearrangements in Circulating Cell-Free DNA from Ovarian Cancers ▶     Faye R. Harris, Irina V. Kovtun, James Smadbeck et al.     Recently, the use of a liquid biopsy has shown promise in monitoring tumor burden. While point mutations have been extensively studied, chromosomal rearrangements have …             Myeloid Deletion of Nemo Causes Osteopetrosis in Mice Owing to Upregulation of Transcriptional Repressors ▶     Gaurav Swarnkar, Kyuhwan Shim, Amjad M. Nasir et al.     The transcription factor NF-κB is central to numerous physiologic processes including bone development, and its activation is controlled by IKKγ (also called NEMO), the …             SOX9 directly Regulates CTGF/CCN2 Transcription in Growth Plate Chondrocytes and in Nucleus Pulposus Cells of Intervertebral Disc ▶     Chun-do Oh, Hideyo Yasuda, Weiwei Zhao et al.     Several lines of evidence indicate that connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) stimulates chondrocyte proliferation and maturation. Given the fact that SOX9 is essential for …             Deciphering the transcriptomic response of Fusarium verticillioides in relation to nitrogen availability and the development of sugarcane pokkah boeng disease ▶     Zhenyue Lin, Jihua Wang, Yixue Bao et al.     Pokkah boeng, caused by Fusarium verticillioides, is a serious disease in sugarcane industry. The disease severity is related to the sugarcane genotype as well as environmental …             New structural insights into Golgi Reassembly and Stacking Protein (GRASP) in solution ▶     Luís F. S. Mendes, Assuero F. Garcia, Patricia S. Kumagai et al.     Among all proteins localized in the Golgi apparatus, a two-PDZ (PSD95/DlgA/Zo-1) domain protein plays an important role in the assembly of the cisternae. This Golgi Reassembly …             Global Tree Cover and Biomass Carbon on Agricultural Land: The contribution of agroforestry to global and national carbon budgets ▶     Robert J. Zomer, Henry Neufeldt, Jianchu Xu et al.     Agroforestry systems and tree cover on agricultural land make an important contribution to climate change mitigation, but are not systematically accounted for in either global …             Impaired neuronal KCC2 function by biallelic SLC12A5 mutations in migrating focal seizures and severe developmental delay ▶     Hirotomo Saitsu, Miho Watanabe, Tenpei Akita et al.     Epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) is one of the early-onset epileptic syndromes characterized by migrating polymorphous focal seizures. Whole exome …             A distinct brain pathway links viral RNA exposure to sickness behavior ▶     Xinxia Zhu, Pete R. Levasseur, Katherine A. Michaelis et al.     Sickness behaviors and metabolic responses to invading pathogens are common to nearly all types of infection. These responses evolved to provide short-term benefit to the host to …             The bacterial DNA repair protein Mfd confers resistance to the host nitrogen immune response ▶     Elisabeth Guillemet, Alain Leréec, Seav-Ly Tran et al.     Production of reactive nitrogen species (NO) is a key step in the immune response following infections. NO induces lesions to bacterial DNA, thus limiting bacterial growth within …             Health costs of reproduction are minimal despite high fertility, mortality and subsistence lifestyle ▶     Michael Gurven, Megan Costa, Ben Trumble et al.     Women exhibit greater morbidity than men despite higher life expectancy. An evolutionary life history framework predicts that energy invested in reproduction trades-off against …             ω-3 PUFAs ameliorate liver fibrosis and inhibit hepatic stellate cells proliferation and activation by promoting YAP/TAZ degradation ▶     Kun Zhang, Yanan Chang, Zhemin Shi et al.     Elevated levels of the transcriptional regulators Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivators with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), key effectors of the Hippo pathway, …             Genomic content typifying a prevalent clade of bovine mastitis-associated Escherichia coli ▶     Robert J. Goldstone, Susan Harris, David G. E. Smith     E. coli represents a heterogeneous population with capabilities to cause disease in several anatomical sites. Among sites that can be colonised is the bovine mammary gland …             Protein Kinase C Epsilon Promotes Cerebral Ischemic Tolerance Via Modulation of Mitochondrial Sirt5 ▶     Kahlilia C. Morris-Blanco, Kunjan R. Dave, Isabel Saul et al.     Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) is a mitochondrial-localized NAD+-dependent lysine desuccinylase and a major regulator of the mitochondrial succinylome. We wanted to determine whether SIRT5 is …             CEACAM1 mediates B cell aggregation in central nervous system autoimmunity ▶     Damiano M. Rovituso, Laura Scheffler, Marie Wunsch et al.     B cell aggregates in the central nervous system (CNS) have been associated with rapid disease progression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we demonstrate a key role …             Hypoxia-mediated impaired erythrocyte Lands’ Cycle is pathogenic for sickle cell disease ▶     Hongyu Wu, Mikhail Bogdanov, Yujin Zhang et al.     Although Lands’ cycle was discovered in 1958, its function and cellular regulation in membrane homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions remain largely unknown. …             Co-regulation of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways promotes supporting cell proliferation and hair cell regeneration in mouse utricles ▶     Jingfang Wu, Wenyan Li, Chen Lin et al.     This work sought to determine the crosstalk between the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways in regulating supporting cell (SC) proliferation and hair cell (HC) regeneration in mouse …             Historical rise of waterpower initiated the collapse of salmon stocks ▶     H. J. R. Lenders, T. P. M. Chamuleau, A. J. Hendriks et al.     The collapse of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) stocks throughout North-Western Europe is generally ascribed to large-scale river regulation, water pollution and over-fishing in …             Narrowband random lasing in a Bismuth-doped active fiber ▶     Ivan A. Lobach, Sergey I. Kablukov, Mikhail I. Skvortsov et al.     Random fiber lasers operating via the Rayleigh scattering (RS) feedback attract now a great deal of attention as they generate a high-quality unidirectional laser beam with the …             Biodegradation mechanism of 1H-1,2,4-triazole by a newly isolated strain Shinella sp. NJUST26 ▶     Haobo Wu, Jinyou Shen, Ruiqin Wu et al.     The highly recalcitrant 1H-1,2,4-triazole (TZ) is widely used in the synthesis of agricultural pesticide and considered to be an environmental pollutant. In this study, a novel …             DNA barcode for the identification of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis plant feeding preferences in a tropical urban environment ▶     Leonardo H. G. de M. Lima, Marcelo R. Mesquita, Laura Skrip et al.     Little is known about the feeding behavior of hematophagous insects that require plant sugar to complete their life cycles. We studied plant feeding of Lutzomyia longipalpis sand …             3D Imaging of Nanoparticle Distribution in Biological Tissue by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ▶     Y. Gimenez, B. Busser, F. Trichard et al.     Nanomaterials represent a rapidly expanding area of research with huge potential for future medical applications. Nanotechnology indeed promises to revolutionize diagnostics, …             Acute effects of ferumoxytol on regulation of renal hemodynamics and oxygenation ▶     Kathleen Cantow, Andreas Pohlmann, Bert Flemming et al.     The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle ferumoxytol is increasingly used as intravascular contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study details the impact …             Effect of Exendin-4 on Autophagy Clearance in Beta Cell of Rats with Tacrolimus-induced Diabetes Mellitus ▶     Sun Woo Lim, Long Jin, Jian Jin et al.     Growing evidence suggests that GLP-1 protects beta cells against various cellular injuries by modulating autophagy. In this study, we examined whether exendin-4 (Ex-4), a GLP-1 …             Pollination and seed dispersal are the most threatened processes of plant regeneration ▶     Eike Lena Neuschulz, Thomas Mueller, Matthias Schleuning et al.     Plant regeneration is essential for maintaining forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, which are globally threatened by human disturbance. Here we present the first …             A metabolic profile in Ruditapes philippinarum associated with growth-promoting effects of alginate hydrolysates ▶     Yasuhiro Yamasaki, Shigeru Taga, Masanobu Kishioka et al.     The aim of this study is to demonstrate the growth-promoting effect of alginate hydrolysates (AHs) on the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, and to verify the physiological …             The impact of preconceptional obesity on trajectories of maternal lipids during gestation ▶     Latife Bozkurt, Christian S. Göbl, Anna-Theresa Hörmayer et al.     Growing challenges of maternal obesity necessitate to focus metabolic management on alternative factors than glycaemia. The objective is to assess longitudinal changes in lipids …             Neurogenic differentiation factor NeuroD confers protection against radiation-induced intestinal injury in mice ▶     Ming Li, Aonan Du, Jing Xu et al.     The gastrointestinal tract, especially the small intestine, is particularly sensitive to radiation, and is prone to radiation-induced injury as a result. Neurogenic …             Andrographolide derivative AL-1 ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis in mice: involvement of NF-кB and PPAR-γ signaling pathways ▶     Yali Yang, Hui Yan, Mei Jing et al.     Andrographolide is a traditional herb medicine, widely used in Asia for conditions involving inflammation. The andrographlide-lipoic acid conjugate, AL-1, has been found being …             Research on the printability of hydrogels in 3D bioprinting ▶     Yong He, FeiFei Yang, HaiMing Zhao et al.     As the biocompatible materials, hydrogels have been widely used in three- dimensional (3D) bioprinting/organ printing to load cell for tissue engineering. It is important to …             Coral reef degradation is not correlated with local human population density ▶     John F. Bruno, Abel Valdivia     The global decline of reef-building corals is understood to be due to a combination of local and global stressors. However, many reef scientists assume that local factors …             Tert-butylhydroquinone lowers blood pressure in AngII-induced hypertension in mice via proteasome-PTEN-Akt-eNOS pathway ▶     Bing-Can Xu, Hui-Bao Long, Ke-Qin Luo     Tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), as an antioxidant, has been widely used for many years to prevent oxidization of food products. The aim of this study was to investigate whether …             Measuring the Electronic Properties of DNA-Specific Schottky Diodes Towards Detecting and Identifying Basidiomycetes DNA ▶     Vengadesh Periasamy, Nastaran Rizan, Hassan Maktuff Jaber Al-Ta’ii et al.     The discovery of semiconducting behavior of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has resulted in a large number of literatures in the study of DNA electronics. Sequence-specific …             Intraradical colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi triggers induction of a lipochitooligosaccharide receptor ▶     S. R. Rasmussen, W. Füchtbauer, M. Novero et al.     Functional divergence of paralogs following gene duplication is one of the mechanisms leading to evolution of novel pathways and traits. Here we show that divergence of Lys11 and …             The myocardial regenerative potential of three-dimensional engineered cardiac tissues composed of multiple human iPS cell-derived cardiovascular cell lineages ▶     Hidetoshi Masumoto, Takeichiro Nakane, Joseph P. Tinney et al.     Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are a robust source for cardiac regenerative therapy due to their potential to support autologous and allogeneic transplant …             Depressive symptoms as a side effect of Interferon-α therapy induced by induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 ▶     Yuki Murakami, Takaaki Ishibashi, Eiichi Tomita et al.     Depression is known to occur frequently in chronic hepatitis C viral (HCV) patients receiving interferon (IFN)-α therapy. In this study, we investigated whether indoleamine …             Battery of behavioral tests in mice to study postoperative delirium ▶     Mian Peng, Ce Zhang, Yuanlin Dong et al.     Postoperative delirium is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and cost. However, its neuropathogenesis remains largely unknown, partially owing to lack of animal …             Proteomics analysis of human tears from aqueous-deficient and evaporative dry eye patients ▶     Natarajan Perumal, Sebastian Funke, Norbert Pfeiffer et al.     Despite the high global prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES), the fundamental processes underlying this pathology remain largely unexplored. Therefore, this study endeavoured to …             Glutathione peroxidase 3 localizes to the epithelial lining fluid and the extracellular matrix in interstitial lung disease ▶     Andrea C. Schamberger, Herbert B. Schiller, Isis E. Fernandez et al.     Aberrant antioxidant activity and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) are hallmarks of interstitial lung diseases (ILD). It is known that oxidative stress alters …             Methylomes of renal cell lines and tumors or metastases differ significantly with impact on pharmacogenes ▶     Stefan Winter, Pascale Fisel, Florian Büttner et al.     Current therapies for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) show limited efficacy. Drug efficacy, typically investigated in preclinical cell line models during drug …             Efficient second-harmonic imaging of collagen in histological slides using Bessel beam excitation ▶     Nelly Vuillemin, Pierre Mahou, Delphine Débarre et al.     Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is the most specific label-free indicator of collagen accumulation in widespread pathologies such as fibrosis, and SHG-based measurements hold …             Rescue of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS)-mediated Sertoli cell injury by overexpression of gap junction protein connexin 43 ▶     Nan Li, Dolores D. Mruk, Haiqi Chen et al.     Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) is an environmental toxicant used in developing countries, including China, as a stain repellent for clothing, carpets and draperies, but it has …             Glutamate signals through mGluR2 to control Schwann cell differentiation and proliferation ▶     Fuminori Saitoh, Shuji Wakatsuki, Shinji Tokunaga et al.     Rapid saltatory nerve conduction is facilitated by myelin structure, which is produced by Schwann cells (SC) in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Proper development and …             Human population history revealed by a supertree approach ▶     Pavel Duda, Jan Zrzavý     Over the past two decades numerous new trees of modern human populations have been published extensively but little attention has been paid to formal phylogenetic synthesis. We …             Focal adhesions control cleavage furrow shape and spindle tilt during mitosis ▶     Nilay Taneja, Aidan M. Fenix, Lindsay Rathbun et al.     The geometry of the cleavage furrow during mitosis is often asymmetric in vivo and plays a critical role in stem cell differentiation and the relative positioning of daughter …             Comparative chemical array screening for p38γ/δ MAPK inhibitors using a single gatekeeper residue difference between p38α/β and p38γ/δ ▶     Yasumitsu Kondoh, Kaori Honda, Sayoko Hiranuma et al.     Mammalian p38 mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are responsive to a variety of cellular stresses. The development of specific pyridinyl imidazole inhibitors has permitted …             FishMORPH - An agent-based model to predict salmonid growth and distribution responses under natural and low flows ▶     S. C. Phang, R. A. Stillman, J. Cucherousset et al.     Predicting fish responses to modified flow regimes is becoming central to fisheries management. In this study we present an agent-based model (ABM) to predict the growth and …             Phenotypically distinct helper NK cells are required for gp96-mediated anti-tumor immunity ▶     Abigail L. Sedlacek, Lauren B. Kinner-Bibeau, Robert J. Binder     A number of Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs), in the extracellular environment, are immunogenic. Following cross-presentation of HSP-chaperoned peptides by CD91+ antigen presenting …             Cardiac glycosides display selective efficacy for STK11 mutant lung cancer ▶     Nayoung Kim, Hwa Young Yim, Ningning He et al.     Although STK11 (LKB1) mutation is a major mediator of lung cancer progression, targeted therapy has not been implemented due to STK11 mutations being loss-of-function. Here, we …             MINDEC-An Enhanced Negative Depletion Strategy for Circulating Tumour Cell Enrichment ▶     Morten Lapin, Kjersti Tjensvoll, Satu Oltedal et al.     Most current methods of circulating tumour cell (CTC) enrichment target the epithelial protein EpCAM, which is commonly expressed in adenocarcinoma cells. However, such methods …             Initiation of programmed cell death in the suspensor is predominantly regulated maternally in a tobacco hybrid ▶     An Luo, Peng Zhao, Li-Yao Zhang et al.     Maternal gene products deposited in the egg regulate early embryogenesis before activation of the embryonic genome in animals. While in higher plants, it is believed that genes …             Influenza viral membrane fusion is sensitive to sterol concentration but surprisingly robust to sterol chemical identity ▶     Katarzyna E. Zawada, Dominik Wrona, Robert J. Rawle et al.     Influenza virions are enriched in cholesterol relative to the plasma membrane from which they bud. Previous work has shown that fusion between influenza virus and synthetic …             Rapid and efficient gene delivery into the adult mouse brain via focal electroporation ▶     Tadashi Nomura, Yusuke Nishimura, Hitoshi Gotoh et al.     In vivo gene delivery is required for studying the cellular and molecular mechanisms of various biological events. Virus-mediated gene transfer or generation of transgenic …             A phloem-limited fijivirus induces the formation of neoplastic phloem tissues that house virus multiplication in the host plant ▶     Jiangfeng Shen, Xian Chen, Jianping Chen et al.     A number of phloem-limited viruses induce the development of tumours (enations) in the veins of host plants, but the relevance of tumour induction to the life cycle of those …             F-actin dampens NLRP3 inflammasome activity via Flightless-I and LRRFIP2 ▶     Danielle Burger, Céline Fickentscher, Philippe de Moerloose et al.     NLRP3 and ASC are able to form a large multimeric complex called inflammasome in response to a number danger signals. The NLRP3 inflammasome is required for the activation of …             Temporal and spatial genetic differentiation in the crab Liocarcinus depurator across the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition ▶     Marta Pascual, Ferran Palero, Víctor Hugo García-Merchán et al.     Spatial genetic studies often require sampling broadly separated areas, difficult to access simultaneously. Although comparing localities surveyed at different time periods might …             Yeast metabolic chassis designs for diverse biotechnological products ▶     Paula Jouhten, Tomasz Boruta, Sergej Andrejev et al.     The diversity of industrially important molecules for which microbial production routes have been experimentally demonstrated is rapidly increasing. The development of …             Interactive cost of Plasmodium infection and insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae ▶     Haoues Alout, Roch K. Dabiré, Luc S. Djogbénou et al.     Insecticide resistance raises concerns for the control of vector-borne diseases. However, its impact on parasite transmission could be diverse when considering the ecological …             Engineering Factor Xa Inhibitor with Multiple Platelet-Binding Sites Facilitates its Platelet Targeting ▶     Yuanjun Zhu, Ruyi Li, Yuan Lin et al.     Targeted delivery of antithrombotic drugs centralizes the effects in the thrombosis site and reduces the hemorrhage side effects in uninjured vessels. We have recently reported …             Age-specific haemosporidian infection dynamics and survival in Seychelles warblers ▶     Martijn Hammers, Jan Komdeur, Sjouke A. Kingma et al.     Parasites may severely impact the fitness and life-history of their hosts. After infection, surviving individuals may suppress the growth of the parasite, or completely clear the …             Novel avian influenza A (H5N6) viruses isolated in migratory waterfowl before the first human case reported in China, 2014 ▶     Yuhai Bi, Haizhou Liu, Chaochao Xiong et al.     In May 2014, China formally confirmed the first human infection with the novel H5N6 avian influenza virus (AIV) in Sichuan Province. Before the first human case was reported, …             The autism-related gene SNRPN regulates cortical and spine development via controlling nuclear receptor Nr4a1 ▶     Huiping Li, Pingping Zhao, Qiong Xu et al.     The small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide N (SNRPN) gene, encoding the RNA-associated SmN protein, duplications or deletions of which are strongly associated with …             Thymocyte development in the absence of matrix metalloproteinase-9/gelatinase B ▶     Natalia V. Gounko, Erik Martens, Ghislain Opdenakker et al.     Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) play critical roles in a variety of immune reactions by facilitating cell migration, and affect cell communication by processing both cytokines …             Highly Multiplexed RNA Aptamer Selection using a Microplate-based Microcolumn Device ▶     Sarah J. Reinholt, Abdullah Ozer, John T. Lis et al.     We describe a multiplexed RNA aptamer selection to 19 different targets simultaneously using a microcolumn-based device, MEDUSA (Microplate-based Enrichment Device Used for the …             Maintenance of the functional integrity of mouse hematopoiesis by EED and promotion of leukemogenesis by EED haploinsufficiency ▶     Kenichiro Ikeda, Takeshi Ueda, Norimasa Yamasaki et al.     Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) participates in transcriptional repression through methylation of histone H3K27. The WD-repeat protein embryonic ectoderm development (EED) …             Transcriptional and functional characterization of CD137L-dendritic cells identifies a novel dendritic cell phenotype ▶     Zulkarnain Harfuddin, Bhushan Dharmadhikari, Siew Cheng Wong et al.     The importance of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) is evidenced by the fact that they are essential for the elimination of pathogens. Although in vitro DCs can be generated …             Contact transmission of influenza virus between ferrets imposes a looser bottleneck than respiratory droplet transmission allowing propagation of antiviral resistance ▶     Rebecca Frise, Konrad Bradley, Neeltje van Doremalen et al.     Influenza viruses cause annual seasonal epidemics and occasional pandemics. It is important to elucidate the stringency of bottlenecks during transmission to shed light on …             Development of a Biomimetic Chondroitin Sulfate-modified Hydrogel to Enhance the Metastasis of Tumor Cells ▶     Yang Liu, Shujun Wang, Dongsheng Sun et al.     Tumor metastasis with resistance to anticancer therapies is the main cause of death in cancer patients. It is necessary to develop reliable tumor metastasis models that can …             Oxidative stress-mediated intrinsic apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells induced by organic arsenicals ▶     Xiao-Yang Fan, Xin-You Chen, Yu-Jiao Liu et al.     Arsenic trioxide has shown the excellent therapeutic efficiency for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Nowadays, more and more research focuses on the design of the arsenic drugs, …             Chemical regulators of epithelial plasticity reveal a nuclear receptor pathway controlling myofibroblast differentiation ▶     Jon M. Carthy, Martin Stöter, Claudia Bellomo et al.     Plasticity in epithelial tissues relates to processes of embryonic development, tissue fibrosis and cancer progression. Pharmacological modulation of epithelial transitions …             Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis in Chinese Children aged 1–7 ys ▶     Yifeng Guo, Ping Li, Jianping Tang et al.     Prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) is increasing worldwide. Up to date, there has been no face-to-face nation-wide study in China. We aim to explore the prevalence of clinical …             Systematic investigation of transcription factors critical in the protection against cerebral ischemia by Danhong injection ▶     Junying Wei, Yanqiong Zhang, Qiang Jia et al.     Systematic investigations of complex pathological cascades during ischemic brain injury help to elucidate novel therapeutic targets against cerebral ischemia. Although some …             FNDC5 expression and circulating irisin levels are modified by diet and hormonal conditions in hypothalamus, adipose tissue and muscle ▶     B. M. Varela-Rodríguez, L. Pena-Bello, P. Juiz-Valiña et al.     Irisin is processed from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5). However, a controversy exists concerning irisin origin, regulation and function. To elucidate …             The Dentin Sialoprotein (DSP) Domain Regulates Dental Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation through a Novel Surface Receptor ▶     Chunyan Wan, Guohua Yuan, Daoshu Luo et al.     Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) is a dentin extracellular matrix protein that is processed into dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin glycoprotein (DGP) and dentin phosphoprotein …             Cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (CB2R) agonist, GW405833 reduces agonist-induced Ca2+ oscillations in mouse pancreatic acinar cells ▶     Zebing Huang, Haiyan Wang, Jingke Wang et al.     Emerging evidence demonstrates that the blockade of intracellular Ca2+ signals may protect pancreatic acinar cells against Ca2+ overload, intracellular protease activation, and …             VCE-003.2, a novel cannabigerol derivative, enhances neuronal progenitor cell survival and alleviates symptomatology in murine models of Huntington’s disease ▶     Javier Díaz-Alonso, Juan Paraíso-Luna, Carmen Navarrete et al.     Cannabinoids have shown to exert neuroprotective actions in animal models by acting at different targets including canonical cannabinoid receptors and PPARγ. We previously showed …             Bile signalling promotes chronic respiratory infections and antibiotic tolerance ▶     F. Jerry Reen, Stephanie Flynn, David F. Woods et al.     Despite aggressive antimicrobial therapy, many respiratory pathogens persist in the lung, underpinning the chronic inflammation and eventual lung decline that are characteristic …             Interleukin-1β, lipocalin 2 and nitric oxide synthase 2 are mechano-responsive mediators of mouse and human endothelial cell-osteoblast crosstalk ▶     Vimal Veeriah, Angelo Zanniti, Riccardo Paone et al.     Endothelial cells are spatially close to osteoblasts and regulate osteogenesis. Moreover, they are sensitive to mechanical stimuli, therefore we hypothesized that they are …                     BioPharma Dealmakers  A supplement to Nature Biotechnology & Nature Reviews Drug Discovery Sign up to our NEW networking forum to connect with life sciences companies and partnering professionals looking for dealmaking opportunities.  Stay up to date on emerging therapeutic areas  Ask for advice from our editors and experts in the field SIGN UP NOW             Chemical Sciences ▲ top               Enhancement of recombination process using silver and graphene quantum dot embedded intermediate layer for efficient organic tandem cells ▶     Nhu Thuy Ho, Huynh Ngoc Tien, Se-Joeng Jang et al.     High performance of organic tandem solar cell is largely dependent on transparent and conductive intermediate layer (IML). The current work reports the design and fabrication of …             The Effect of Water and Confinement on Self-Assembly of Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids at Mica Interfaces ▶     H.-W. Cheng, J.-N. Dienemann, P. Stock et al.     Tuning chemical structure and molecular layering of ionic liquids (IL) at solid interfaces offers leverage to tailor performance of ILs in applications such as super-capacitors, …             Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Assisted by Radical Capturer for Tracking of Plasmon-Driven Redox Reaction ▶     Xuefeng Yan, Lingzhi Wang, Xianjun Tan et al.     The deep understanding about the photocatalytic reaction induced by the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect is desirable but remains a considerable challenge due to the …             Ca(OH)2-Catalyzed Condensation of Aldehydes with Methyl ketones in Dilute Aqueous Ethanol: A Comprehensive Access to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones ▶     Lei Yu, Mengting Han, Jie Luan et al.     Cheap, abundant but seldom-employed Ca(OH)2 was found to be an excellent low-loading (5–10 mol%) catalyst for Claisen-Schmidt condensation of aldehydes with methyl ketones under …             Halides with Fifteen Aliphatic C–H···Anion Interaction Sites ▶     Genggongwo Shi, Zahra Aliakbar Tehrani, Dongwook Kim et al.     Since the aliphatic C–H···anion interaction is relatively weak, anion binding using hydrophobic aliphatic C–H (Cali–H) groups has generally been considered not possible without …             Interaction of Sensitizing Dyes with Nanostructured TiO2 Film in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Terahertz Spectroscopy ▶     William Ghann, Aunik Rahman, Anis Rahman et al.     The objective of this investigation was to shed light on the nature of interaction of different organic dyes and an inorganic dye, Ruthenium (II) polypyridine complex, with TiO2 …             Atomic Step Formation on Sapphire Surface in Ultra-precision Manufacturing ▶     Rongrong Wang, Dan Guo, Guoxin Xie et al.     Surfaces with controlled atomic step structures as substrates are highly relevant to desirable performances of materials grown on them, such as light emitting diode (LED) …             A fast electrochromic polymer based on TEMPO substituted polytriphenylamine ▶     Lvlv Ji, Yuyu Dai, Shuanma Yan et al.     A novel strategy to obtain rapid electrochromic switching response by introducing 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) moiety into polytriphenylamine backbone has been …             Osmolyte cooperation affects turgor dynamics in plants ▶     Alfredo Argiolas, Gian Luigi Puleo, Edoardo Sinibaldi et al.     Scientists have identified turgor-based actuation as a fundamental mechanism in plant movements. Plant cell turgor is generated by water influx due to the osmolyte concentration …             Hollow ZnxCd1−xS nanospheres with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light ▶     Ying Jin, Haoyun Zhang, Chuang Song et al.     Formation of solid solutions is a good strategy to acquire materials with special properties and bring forth new type of applications or enhance the performance of currently …             FeOx-TiO2 Film with Different Microstructures Leading to Femtosecond Transients with Different Properties: Biological Implications under Visible Light ▶     Sami Rtimi, Cesar Pulgarin, Victor A. Nadtochenko et al.     This study presents the first report addressing the effect of FeOx-TiO2 films microstructure on the transients detected by fast spectroscopy related to the long-range bacterial …             Synergistic Effect of Surface Plasmonic particles and Surface Passivation layer on ZnO Nanorods Array for Improved Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting ▶     Yichong Liu, Xiaoqin Yan, Zhuo Kang et al.     One-dimensional zinc oxide nanorods array exhibit excellent electron mobility and thus hold great potential as photoanode for photoelelctrochemical water splitting. However, the …             Capillary-induced Homogenization of Matrix in Paper: A Powerful Approach for the Quantification of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging ▶     Maico de Menezes, Diogo Noin de Oliveira, Rodrigo Ramos Catharino     Herein we present a novel approach for the quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) using mass spectrometry imaging. This strategy uses a filter paper …             The Abiotic Chemistry of Thiolated Acetate Derivatives and the Origin of Life ▶     Kuhan Chandru, Alexis Gilbert, Christopher Butch et al.     Thioesters and thioacetic acid (TAA) have been invoked as key reagents for the origin of life as activated forms of acetate analogous to acetyl-CoA. These species could have …             Assessment of Ovarian Cancer Tumors Treated with Intraperitoneal Cisplatin Therapy by Nanoscopic X-ray Fluorescence Imaging ▶     Brecht Laforce, Charlotte Carlier, Bart Vekemans et al.     Ovarian cancer is amongst the most common types of cancer in women, with a relatively low overall cure rate of approximately 30%. This is therefore an important incentive to urge …             A Redox-Nucleophilic Dual-Reactable Probe for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of H2S: Synthesis, Spectra and Bioimaging ▶     Changyu Zhang, Runyu Wang, Longhuai Cheng et al.     Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important signalling molecule with multiple biological functions. The reported H2S fluorescent probes are majorly based on redox or nucleophilic …             Label-Free Detection of Single Living Bacteria via Electrochemical Collision Event ▶     Ji Young Lee, Byung-Kwon Kim, Mijeong Kang et al.     We detected single living bacterial cells on ultramicroelectrode (UME) using a single-particle collision method and optical microscopic methods. The number of collision events …             Switching of magnetic easy-axis using crystal orientation for large perpendicular coercivity in CoFe2O4 thin film ▶     Sagar E. Shirsath, Xiaoxi Liu, Yukiko Yasukawa et al.     Perpendicular magnetization and precise control over the magnetic easy axis in magnetic thin film is necessary for a variety of applications, particularly in magnetic recording …             Engineering MoSx/Ti/InP Hybrid Photocathode for Improved Solar Hydrogen Production ▶     Qiang Li, Maojun Zheng, Miao Zhong et al.     Due to its direct band gap of ~1.35 eV, appropriate energy band-edge positions, and low surface-recombination velocity, p-type InP has attracted considerable attention as a …                       npj Science of Learning is a new open access, online-only journal that brings together the findings of neuroscientists, psychologists, and education researchers to understand how the brain learns. The first articles for npj Science of Learning have now been published. Visit the website now to explore all available content, and sign up to receive free article e-alerts.               Physical Sciences ▲ top               Polaritonic Rabi and Josephson Oscillations ▶     Amir Rahmani, Fabrice P. Laussy     The dynamics of coupled condensates is a wide-encompassing problem with relevance to superconductors, BECs in traps, superfluids, etc. Here, we provide a unified picture of this …             Enhancement of recombination process using silver and graphene quantum dot embedded intermediate layer for efficient organic tandem cells ▶     Nhu Thuy Ho, Huynh Ngoc Tien, Se-Joeng Jang et al.     High performance of organic tandem solar cell is largely dependent on transparent and conductive intermediate layer (IML). The current work reports the design and fabrication of …             Nonlinear force dependence on optically bound micro-particle arrays in the evanescent fields of fundamental and higher order microfibre modes ▶     Aili Maimaiti, Daniela Holzmann, Viet Giang Truong et al.     Particles trapped in the evanescent field of an ultrathin optical fibre interact over very long distances via multiple scattering of the fibre-guided fields. In ultrathin fibres …             Truly trapped rainbow by utilizing nonreciprocal waveguides ▶     Kexin Liu, Sailing He     The concept of a “trapped rainbow” has generated considerable interest for optical data storage and processing. It aims to trap different frequency components of the wave packet …             Nano-Wilhelmy investigation of dynamic wetting properties of AFM tips through tip-nanobubble interaction ▶     Yuliang Wang, Huimin Wang, Shusheng Bi et al.     The dynamic wetting properties of atomic force microscopy (AFM) tips are of much concern in many AFM-related measurement, fabrication, and manipulation applications. In this …             Controllable Phase Transformation and Mid-infrared Emission from Er3+-Doped Hexagonal-/Cubic-NaYF4 Nanocrystals ▶     Dandan Yang, Dongdan Chen, Huilin He et al.     The morphology of hexagonal phase NaYF4:Er3+ nanorods synthesized by hydrothermal method changed greatly after a continuing calcination, along with a phase transformation to …             The Effect of Water and Confinement on Self-Assembly of Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids at Mica Interfaces ▶     H.-W. Cheng, J.-N. Dienemann, P. Stock et al.     Tuning chemical structure and molecular layering of ionic liquids (IL) at solid interfaces offers leverage to tailor performance of ILs in applications such as super-capacitors, …             Fuzzy nanostructure growth on Ta/Fe by He plasma irradiation ▶     Shin Kajita, Tomoya Ishida, Noriyasu Ohno et al.     In this study, we show from helium (He) plasma irradiation to tantalum and iron surfaces that morphology changes in nanoscale occur on the both metals. In particular, from …             Demonstration of quantum synchronization based on second-order quantum coherence of entangled photons ▶     Runai Quan, Yiwei Zhai, Mengmeng Wang et al.     Based on the second-order quantum interference between frequency entangled photons that are generated by parametric down conversion, a quantum strategic algorithm for …             N-dimensional measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with N + 1 un-characterized sources: zero quantum-bit-error-rate case ▶     Won-Young Hwang, Hong-Yi Su, Joonwoo Bae     We study N-dimensional measurement-device-independent quantum-key-distribution protocol where one checking state is used. Only assuming that the checking state is a superposition …             Parallel Quantum Circuit in a Tunnel Junction ▶     Omid Faizy Namarvar, Ghassen Dridi, Christian Joachim     Spectral analysis of 1 and 2-states per line quantum bus are normally sufficient to determine the effective Vab(N) electronic coupling between the emitter and receiver states …             One-Pot Synthesis of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic N-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots via Exfoliating and Disintegrating Graphite Flakes ▶     Na-Jung Kuo, Yu-Syuan Chen, Chien-Wei Wu et al.     Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have drawn tremendous attention on account of their numerous alluring properties and a wide range of application potentials. Here, we report that …             Memory window engineering of Ta2O5−x oxide-based resistive switches via incorporation of various insulating frames ▶     Ah Rahm Lee, Gwang Ho Baek, Tae Yoon Kim et al.     Three-dimensional (3D) stackable memory frames, including nano-scaled crossbar arrays, are one of the most reliable building blocks to meet the demand of high-density …             Effect of Oxygen-deficiencies on Resistance Switching in Amorphous YFe0.5Cr0.5O3−d films ▶     Xianjie Wang, Chang Hu, Yongli Song et al.     Herein, we demonstrate the contribution of the oxygen-deficiencies on the bipolar resistance switching (RS) properties of amorphous-YFe0.5Cr0.5O3−d (a-YFCO) films. The a-YFCO …             The 7 × 1 Fermi Surface Reconstruction in a Two-dimensional f -electron Charge Density Wave System: PrTe3 ▶     Eunsook Lee, D. H. Kim, Hyun Woo Kim et al.     The electronic structure of a charge density wave (CDW) system PrTe3 and its modulated structure in the CDW phase have been investigated by employing ARPES, XAS, Pr 4 f RPES, and …             Rolling ball sifting algorithm for the augmented visual inspection of carotid bruit auscultation ▶     Adam Huang, Chung-Wei Lee, Hon-Man Liu     Carotid bruits are systolic sounds associated with turbulent blood flow through atherosclerotic stenosis in the neck. They are audible intermittent high-frequency (above 200 Hz) …             Prefrontal responses to Stroop tasks in subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder assessed by functional near infrared spectroscopy ▶     Amarnath Yennu, Fenghua Tian, Alexa Smith-Osborne et al.     Studies on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) showing attentional deficits have implicated abnormal activities in the frontal lobe. In this study, we utilized multichannel …             A high-content image-based method for quantitatively studying context-dependent cell population dynamics ▶     Colleen M. Garvey, Erin Spiller, Danika Lindsay et al.     Tumor progression results from a complex interplay between cellular heterogeneity, treatment response, microenvironment and heterocellular interactions. Existing approaches to …             Atomic Step Formation on Sapphire Surface in Ultra-precision Manufacturing ▶     Rongrong Wang, Dan Guo, Guoxin Xie et al.     Surfaces with controlled atomic step structures as substrates are highly relevant to desirable performances of materials grown on them, such as light emitting diode (LED) …             Efficient embedding of complex networks to hyperbolic space via their Laplacian ▶     Gregorio Alanis-Lobato, Pablo Mier, Miguel A. Andrade-Navarro     The different factors involved in the growth process of complex networks imprint valuable information in their observable topologies. How to exploit this information to …             Cooling the Motion of Diamond Nanocrystals in a Magneto-Gravitational Trap in High Vacuum ▶     Jen-Feng Hsu, Peng Ji, Charles W. Lewandowski et al.     Levitated diamond nanocrystals with nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centres in high vacuum have been proposed as a unique system for experiments in fundamental quantum mechanics, including …             Twenty-Eight Orders of Parametric Resonance in a Microelectromechanical Device for Multi-band Vibration Energy Harvesting ▶     Yu Jia, Sijun Du, Ashwin A. Seshia     This paper contends to be the first to report the experimental observation of up to 28 orders of parametric resonance, which has thus far only been envisioned in the theoretical …             The influence of porosity and structural parameters on different kinds of gas hydrate dissociation ▶     S. Y. Misyura     Methane hydrate dissociation at negative temperatures was studied experimentally for different artificial and natural samples, differing by macro- and micro-structural …             Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Assisted by Radical Capturer for Tracking of Plasmon-Driven Redox Reaction ▶     Xuefeng Yan, Lingzhi Wang, Xianjun Tan et al.     The deep understanding about the photocatalytic reaction induced by the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect is desirable but remains a considerable challenge due to the …             Ca(OH)2-Catalyzed Condensation of Aldehydes with Methyl ketones in Dilute Aqueous Ethanol: A Comprehensive Access to α,β-Unsaturated Ketones ▶     Lei Yu, Mengting Han, Jie Luan et al.     Cheap, abundant but seldom-employed Ca(OH)2 was found to be an excellent low-loading (5–10 mol%) catalyst for Claisen-Schmidt condensation of aldehydes with methyl ketones under …             Hexagonal Boron Nitride assisted transfer and encapsulation of large area CVD graphene ▶     Viktoryia Shautsova, Adam M. Gilbertson, Nicola C. G. Black et al.     We report a CVD hexagonal boron nitride (hBN-) assisted transfer method that enables a polymer-impurity free transfer process and subsequent top encapsulation of large-area …             A tunable acoustic metamaterial with double-negativity driven by electromagnets ▶     Zhe Chen, Cheng Xue, Li Fan et al.     With the advance of the research on acoustic metamaterials, the limits of passive metamaterials have been observed, which prompts the studies concerning actively tunable …             Interaction of Sensitizing Dyes with Nanostructured TiO2 Film in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Using Terahertz Spectroscopy ▶     William Ghann, Aunik Rahman, Anis Rahman et al.     The objective of this investigation was to shed light on the nature of interaction of different organic dyes and an inorganic dye, Ruthenium (II) polypyridine complex, with TiO2 …             One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of CuBi co-doped mesoporous zeolite Beta for the removal of NOx by selective catalytic reduction with ammonia ▶     Zhiguo Xie, Xiaoxia Zhou, Huixia Wu et al.     A series of CuBi co-doped mesoporous zeolite Beta (CuxBiy-mBeta) were prepared by a facile one-pot hydrothermal treatment approach and were characterized by XRD, N2 …             Enhanced Lithium Storage in Reduced Graphene Oxide-supported M-phase Vanadium(IV) Dioxide Nanoparticles ▶     Hee Jo Song, Mingu Choi, Jae-Chan Kim et al.     Vanadium(IV) dioxide (VO2) has drawn attention as one of the most attractive electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), hence, much research has been conducted in …             Graphene-augmented nanofiber scaffolds demonstrate new features in cells behaviour ▶     Jekaterina Kazantseva, Roman Ivanov, Michael Gasik et al.     Three-dimensional (3D) customized scaffolds capable to mimic a native extracellular matrix open new frontiers in cells manipulation and advanced therapy. The major challenge is …             Demonstration of a robust magnonic spin wave interferometer ▶     Naoki Kanazawa, Taichi Goto, Koji Sekiguchi et al.     Magnonics is an emerging field dealing with ultralow power consumption logic circuits, in which the flow of spin waves, rather than electric charges, transmits and processes …             Mechanism of the entire overdischarge process and overdischarge-induced internal short circuit in lithium-ion batteries ▶     Rui Guo, Languang Lu, Minggao Ouyang et al.     Lithium-ion batteries connected in series are prone to be overdischarged. Overdischarge results in various side effects, such as capacity degradation and internal short circuit …             Magnetic coupling at rare earth ferromagnet/transition metal ferromagnet interfaces: A comprehensive study of Gd/Ni ▶     T. D. C. Higgs, S. Bonetti, H. Ohldag et al.     Thin film magnetic heterostructures with competing interfacial coupling and Zeeman energy provide a fertile ground to study phase transition between different equilibrium states …             Dynamic defect correlations dominate activated electronic transport in SrTiO3 ▶     Paul C. Snijders, Cengiz Şen, Michael P. McConnell et al.     Strontium titanate (SrTiO3, STO) is a critically important material for the study of emergent electronic phases in complex oxides, as well as for the development of applications …             Hollow ZnxCd1−xS nanospheres with enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light ▶     Ying Jin, Haoyun Zhang, Chuang Song et al.     Formation of solid solutions is a good strategy to acquire materials with special properties and bring forth new type of applications or enhance the performance of currently …             Reconstructing direct and indirect interactions in networked public goods game ▶     Xiao Han, Zhesi Shen, Wen-Xu Wang et al.     Network reconstruction is a fundamental problem for understanding many complex systems with unknown interaction structures. In many complex systems, there are indirect …             Reduction of the spatially mutual coupling between dual-polarized patch antennas using coupled metamaterial slabs ▶     Bai Cao Pan, Wen Xuan Tang, Mei Qing Qi et al.     Mutual coupling inside antenna array is usually caused by two routes: signal leakage via conducting currents on the metallic background or surface wave along substrates; radio …             The intrinsic defect structure of exfoliated MoS2 single layers revealed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy ▶     Péter Vancsó, Gábor Zsolt Magda, János Pető et al.     MoS2 single layers have recently emerged as strong competitors of graphene in electronic and optoelectronic device applications due to their intrinsic direct bandgap. However, …             A Reactive 1O2 - Responsive Combined Treatment System of Photodynamic and Chemotherapy for Cancer ▶     Xiaojun Wang, Guoqing Meng, Song Zhang et al.     The development of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive drug delivery and drug release has gradually attracted much attention in recent years as a promising therapeutic …             Order parameter analysis for low-dimensional behaviors of coupled phase-oscillators ▶     Jian Gao, Can Xu, Yuting Sun et al.     Coupled phase-oscillators are important models related to synchronization. Recently, Ott-Antonsen(OA) ansatz is developed and used to get low-dimensional collective behaviors in …             Chemo-Mechanical Characteristics of Mud Formed from Environmental Dust Particles in Humid Ambient Air ▶     Ghassan Hassan, B. S. Yilbas, Syed A. M. Said et al.     Mud formed from environmental dust particles in humid ambient air significantly influences the performance of solar harvesting devices. This study examines the characterization …             Advantage of straight walk instability in turning maneuver of multilegged locomotion: a robotics approach ▶     Shinya Aoi, Takahiro Tanaka, Soichiro Fujiki et al.     Multilegged locomotion improves the mobility of terrestrial animals and artifacts. Using many legs has advantages, such as the ability to avoid falling and to tolerate leg …             Security of six-state quantum key distribution protocol with threshold detectors ▶     Go Kato, Kiyoshi Tamaki     The security of quantum key distribution (QKD) is established by a security proof, and the security proof puts some assumptions on the devices consisting of a QKD system. Among …             A fast electrochromic polymer based on TEMPO substituted polytriphenylamine ▶     Lvlv Ji, Yuyu Dai, Shuanma Yan et al.     A novel strategy to obtain rapid electrochromic switching response by introducing 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO) moiety into polytriphenylamine backbone has been …             Reverse engineering of a Hamiltonian by designing the evolution operators ▶     Yi-Hao Kang, Ye-Hong Chen, Qi-Cheng Wu et al.     We propose an effective and flexible scheme for reverse engineering of a Hamiltonian by designing the evolution operators to eliminate the terms of Hamiltonian which are hard to …             Thermal explosion in oscillating ambient conditions ▶     Vasily Novozhilov     Thermal explosion problem for a medium with oscillating ambient temperature at its boundaries is considered. This is a new problem in thermal explosion theory, not previously …             Halides with Fifteen Aliphatic C–H···Anion Interaction Sites ▶     Genggongwo Shi, Zahra Aliakbar Tehrani, Dongwook Kim et al.     Since the aliphatic C–H···anion interaction is relatively weak, anion binding using hydrophobic aliphatic C–H (Cali–H) groups has generally been considered not possible without …             Nonlinear dynamics and instability of aqueous dissolution of silicate glasses and minerals ▶     Yifeng Wang, Carlos F. Jove-Colon, Kristopher L. Kuhlman     Aqueous dissolution of silicate glasses and minerals plays a critical role in global biogeochemical cycles and climate evolution. The reactivity of these materials is also …             Noninvasive, label-free, three-dimensional imaging of melanoma with confocal photothermal microscopy: Differentiate malignant melanoma from benign tumor tissue ▶     Jinping He, Nan Wang, Hiromichi Tsurui et al.     Skin cancer is one of the most common cancers. Melanoma accounts for less than 2% of skin cancer cases but causes a large majority of skin cancer deaths. Early detection of …             Role of Zn doping in oxidative stress mediated cytotoxicity of TiO2 nanoparticles in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells ▶     Maqusood Ahamed, M. A. Majeed Khan, Mohd Javed Akhtar et al.     We investigated the effect of Zn-doping on structural and optical properties as well as cellular response of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. A …             Low temperature and high field regimes of connected kagome artificial spin ice: the role of domain wall topology ▶     Katharina Zeissler, Megha Chadha, Edmund Lovell et al.     Artificial spin ices are frustrated magnetic nanostructures where single domain nanobars act as macrosized spins. In connected kagome artificial spin ice arrays, reversal occurs …             Osmolyte cooperation affects turgor dynamics in plants ▶     Alfredo Argiolas, Gian Luigi Puleo, Edoardo Sinibaldi et al.     Scientists have identified turgor-based actuation as a fundamental mechanism in plant movements. Plant cell turgor is generated by water influx due to the osmolyte concentration …             Correlative multiple porosimetries for reservoir sandstones with adoption of a new reference-sample-guided computed-tomographic method ▶     Jae Hwa Jin, Junho Kim, Jeong-Yil Lee et al.     One of the main interests in petroleum geology and reservoir engineering is to quantify the porosity of reservoir beds as accurately as possible. A variety of direct …             FeOx-TiO2 Film with Different Microstructures Leading to Femtosecond Transients with Different Properties: Biological Implications under Visible Light ▶     Sami Rtimi, Cesar Pulgarin, Victor A. Nadtochenko et al.     This study presents the first report addressing the effect of FeOx-TiO2 films microstructure on the transients detected by fast spectroscopy related to the long-range bacterial …             γ irradiation induced effects on bismuth active centres and related photoluminescence properties of Bi/Er co-doped optical fibres ▶     D. Sporea, L. Mihai, D. Neguţ et al.     We investigate the effects of γ irradiation on bismuth active centres (BACs) and related photoluminescence properties of bismuth/erbium co-doped silica fibre (BEDF), [Si] ~28, …             Epidemic spreading on complex networks with community structures ▶     Clara Stegehuis, Remco van der Hofstad, Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden     Many real-world networks display a community structure. We study two random graph models that create a network with similar community structure as a given network. One model …             Scattering engineering in continuously shaped metasurface: An approach for electromagnetic illusion ▶     Yinghui Guo, Lianshan Yan, Wei Pan et al.     The control of electromagnetic waves scattering is critical in wireless communications and stealth technology. Discrete metasurfaces not only increase the design and fabrication …             The effects of three-dimensional defects on one-way surface plasmon propagation for photonic topological insulators comprised of continuum media ▶     S. Ali Hassani Gangaraj, Andrei Nemilentsau, George W. Hanson     We have investigated one-way surface plasmon-polaritons (SPPs) at the interface of a continuum magnetoplasma material and metal, in the presence of three-dimensional surface …             A new way towards high-efficiency thermally activated delayed fluorescence devices via external heavy-atom effect ▶     Wenzhi Zhang, Jiangjiang Jin, Zhi Huang et al.     Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) mechanism is a significant method that enables the harvesting of both triplet and singlet excitons for emission. However, up to …             All-optical modulation in Mid-Wavelength Infrared using porous Si membranes ▶     Sung Jin Park, Ammar Zakar, Vera L. Zerova et al.     We demonstrate for the first time the possibility of all-optical modulation of self-standing porous Silicon (pSi) membrane in the Mid-Wavelength Infrared (MWIR) range using …             General existence of locally distinguishable maximally entangled states only with two-way classical communication ▶     Guojing Tian, Xia Wu, Ya Cao et al.     It is known that there exist two locally operational settings, local operations with one-way and two-way classical communication. And recently, some sets of maximally entangled …             Synergistic Effect of Surface Plasmonic particles and Surface Passivation layer on ZnO Nanorods Array for Improved Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting ▶     Yichong Liu, Xiaoqin Yan, Zhuo Kang et al.     One-dimensional zinc oxide nanorods array exhibit excellent electron mobility and thus hold great potential as photoanode for photoelelctrochemical water splitting. However, the …             Generation and propagation of a sine-azimuthal wavefront modulated Gaussian beam ▶     Guanming Lao, Zhaohui Zhang, Meilan Luo et al.     We introduce a method for modulating the Gaussian beam by means of sine-azimuthal wavefront and carry out the experimental generation. The analytical propagation formula of such …             Probing the structural evolution of ruthenium doped germanium clusters: Photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations ▶     Yuanyuan Jin, Shengjie Lu, Andreas Hermann et al.     We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of ruthenium doped germanium clusters, RuGen− (n = 3–12), and their corresponding neutral species. Photoelectron spectra …             Capillary-induced Homogenization of Matrix in Paper: A Powerful Approach for the Quantification of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging ▶     Maico de Menezes, Diogo Noin de Oliveira, Rodrigo Ramos Catharino     Herein we present a novel approach for the quantification of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) using mass spectrometry imaging. This strategy uses a filter paper …             Nanohelices from planar polymer self-assembled in carbon nanotubes ▶     Hongjin Fu, Shuqiong Xu, Yunfang Li     The polymer possessing with planar structure can be activated and guided to encapsulate the inner space of SWNT and form a helix through van der Waals interaction and the π-π …             Magnetic field effects in dye-sensitized solar cells controlled by different cell architecture ▶     M. Klein, R. Pankiewicz, M. Zalas et al.     The charge recombination and exciton dissociation are generally recognized as the basic electronic processes limiting the efficiency of photovoltaic devices. In this work, we …             Tunable angle-independent refractive index sensor based on Fano resonance in integrated metal and graphene nanoribbons ▶     Meiyan Pan, Zhaoxing Liang, Yu Wang et al.     We propose a novel mechanism to construct a tunable and ultracompact refractive index sensor by using the Fano resonance in metal-graphene hybrid nanostructure. Plasmon modes in …             Symmetric and antisymmetric forms of the Pauli master equation ▶     A. Y. Klimenko     When applied to matter and antimatter states, the Pauli master equation (PME) may have two forms: time-symmetric, which is conventional, and time-antisymmetric, which is …             Quantum coherent tractor beam effect for atoms trapped near a nanowaveguide ▶     Mark Sadgrove, Sandro Wimberger, Síle Nic Chormaic     We propose several schemes to realize a tractor beam effect for ultracold atoms in the vicinity of a few-mode nanowaveguide. Atoms trapped near the waveguide are transported in a …             A new kind of 2D topological insulators BiCN with a giant gap and its substrate effects ▶     Botao Fu, Yanfeng Ge, Wenyong Su et al.     Based on DFT calculation, we predict that BiCN, i.e., bilayer Bi films passivated with -CN group, is a novel 2D Bi-based material with highly thermodynamic stability, and …             Magnetic Tunnel Junction Mimics Stochastic Cortical Spiking Neurons ▶     Abhronil Sengupta, Priyadarshini Panda, Parami Wijesinghe et al.     Brain-inspired computing architectures attempt to mimic the computations performed in the neurons and the synapses in the human brain in order to achieve its efficiency in …             A building block for hardware belief networks ▶     Behtash Behin-Aein, Vinh Diep, Supriyo Datta     Belief networks represent a powerful approach to problems involving probabilistic inference, but much of the work in this area is software based utilizing standard deterministic …             Experimental multistable states for small network of coupled pendula ▶     Dawid Dudkowski, Juliusz Grabski, Jerzy Wojewoda et al.     Chimera states are dynamical patterns emerging in populations of coupled identical oscillators where different groups of oscillators exhibit coexisting synchronous and incoherent …             Playing the role of weak clique property in link prediction: A friend recommendation model ▶     Chuang Ma, Tao Zhou, Hai-Feng Zhang     An important fact in studying link prediction is that the structural properties of networks have significant impacts on the performance of algorithms. Therefore, how to improve …             Green superlubricity of Nitinol 60 alloy against steel in presence of castor oil ▶     Qunfeng Zeng, Guangneng Dong, Jean Michel Martin     In the present work, first, we show that sliding Nitinol 60 alloy against steel under castor oil lubrication exhibits a new case of superlubricity (coefficient of friction CoF ≪ …             Experimental controlled-NOT gate simulation with thermal light ▶     Tao Peng, Vincenzo Tamma, Yanhua Shih     We report a recent experimental simulation of a controlled-NOT gate operation based on polarization correlation measurements of thermal fields in photon-number fluctuations. The …             Quantitative Comparison of Photothermal Heat Generation between Gold Nanospheres and Nanorods ▶     Zhenpeng Qin, Yiru Wang, Jaona Randrianalisoa et al.     Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are widely used for biomedical applications due to unique optical properties, established synthesis methods, and biological compatibility. Despite …             The Large Scale Synthesis of Aligned Plate Nanostructures ▶     Yang Zhou, Philip Nash, Tian Liu et al.     We propose a novel technique for the large-scale synthesis of aligned-plate nanostructures that are self-assembled and self-supporting. The synthesis technique involves …             Universal diffusion-limited injection and the hook effect in organic thin-film transistors ▶     Chuan Liu, Gunel Huseynova, Yong Xu et al.     The general form of interfacial contact resistance was derived for organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) covering various injection mechanisms. Devices with a broad range of …             Bio-Inspired Miniature Direction Finding Acoustic Sensor ▶     Daniel Wilmott, Fabio Alves, Gamani Karunasiri     A narrowband MEMS direction finding sensor has been developed based on the mechanically coupled ears of the Ormia Ochracea fly. The sensor consists of two wings coupled at the …             The Abiotic Chemistry of Thiolated Acetate Derivatives and the Origin of Life ▶     Kuhan Chandru, Alexis Gilbert, Christopher Butch et al.     Thioesters and thioacetic acid (TAA) have been invoked as key reagents for the origin of life as activated forms of acetate analogous to acetyl-CoA. These species could have …             On-chip sub-terahertz surface plasmon polariton transmission lines with mode converter in CMOS ▶     Yuan Liang, Hao Yu, Jincai Wen et al.     An on-chip low-loss and high conversion efficiency plasmonic waveguide converter is demonstrated at sub-THz in CMOS. By introducing a subwavelength periodic corrugated structure …             Non-invasive evaluation of neuroprotective drug candidates for cerebral infarction by PET imaging of mitochondrial complex-I activity ▶     Tatsuya Fukuta, Tomohiro Asai, Takayuki Ishii et al.     The development of a diagnostic technology that can accurately determine the pathological progression of ischemic stroke and evaluate the therapeutic effects of cerebroprotective …             Assessment of Ovarian Cancer Tumors Treated with Intraperitoneal Cisplatin Therapy by Nanoscopic X-ray Fluorescence Imaging ▶     Brecht Laforce, Charlotte Carlier, Bart Vekemans et al.     Ovarian cancer is amongst the most common types of cancer in women, with a relatively low overall cure rate of approximately 30%. This is therefore an important incentive to urge …             An extreme internal solitary wave event observed in the northern South China Sea ▶     Xiaodong Huang, Zhaohui Chen, Wei Zhao et al.     With characteristics of large amplitude and strong current, internal solitary wave (ISW) is a major hazard to marine engineering and submarine navigation; it also has significant …             A Redox-Nucleophilic Dual-Reactable Probe for Highly Selective and Sensitive Detection of H2S: Synthesis, Spectra and Bioimaging ▶     Changyu Zhang, Runyu Wang, Longhuai Cheng et al.     Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important signalling molecule with multiple biological functions. The reported H2S fluorescent probes are majorly based on redox or nucleophilic …             Epigenetic silencing of miR-19a-3p by cold atmospheric plasma contributes to proliferation inhibition of the MCF-7 breast cancer cell ▶     Seungyeon Lee, Hyunkyung Lee, Hansol Bae et al.     Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been proposed as a useful cancer treatment option after showing higher induction of cell death in cancer cells than in normal cells. Although a …             Dynamics of membrane nanotubes coated with I-BAR ▶     Younes F. Barooji, Andreas Rørvig-Lund, Szabolcs Semsey et al.     Membrane deformation is a necessary step in a number of cellular processes such as filopodia and invadopodia formation and has been shown to involve membrane shaping proteins …             Corrigendum: Highly Efficient and Scalable Separation of Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes via Weak Field Centrifugation ▶     Wieland G. Reis, R. Thomas Weitz, Michel Kettner et al.                 Corrigendum: Fast generation of three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state based on the Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants in coupled cavities ▶     Xiao-Bin Huang, Ye-Hong Chen, Zhe Wang                 Bio-compatible organic humidity sensor transferred to arbitrary surfaces fabricated using single-cell-thick onion membrane as both the substrate and sensing layer ▶     Memoon Sajid, Shahid Aziz, Go Bum Kim et al.     A bio-compatible disposable organic humidity sensor has been fabricated that can be transferred to any arbitrary target surface. Single cell thick onion membrane has been used as …             Switching of magnetic easy-axis using crystal orientation for large perpendicular coercivity in CoFe2O4 thin film ▶     Sagar E. Shirsath, Xiaoxi Liu, Yukiko Yasukawa et al.     Perpendicular magnetization and precise control over the magnetic easy axis in magnetic thin film is necessary for a variety of applications, particularly in magnetic recording …             Secure information transport by transverse localization of light ▶     Marco Leonetti, Salman Karbasi, Arash Mafi et al.     A single-photon beating with itself can produce even the most elaborate optical fringe pattern. However, the large amount of information enclosed in such a pattern is typically …             Highly luminescent InP/GaP/ZnS QDs emitting in the entire color range via a heating up process ▶     Joong Pill Park, Jae-Joon Lee, Sang-Wook Kim     InP-based quantum dots (QDs) have attracted much attention for use in optical applications, and several types of QDs such as InP/ZnS, InP/ZnSeS, and InP/GaP/ZnS have been …             A Superamphiphobic Sponge with Mechanical Durability and a Self-Cleaning Effect ▶     Daewon Kim, Hwon Im, Moo Jin Kwak et al.     A robust superamphiphobic sponge (SA-sponge) is proposed by using a single initiated chemical vapor deposition (i-CVD) process. …             Poly(amino carbonate urethane)-based biodegradable, temperature and pH-sensitive injectable hydrogels for sustained human growth hormone delivery ▶     V. H. Giang Phan, Thavasyappan Thambi, Huu Thuy Trang Duong et al.     In this study, a new pH-/temperature-sensitive, biocompatible, biodegradable, and injectable hydrogel based on poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(amino carbonate urethane) (PEG-PACU) …             Label-Free Detection of Single Living Bacteria via Electrochemical Collision Event ▶     Ji Young Lee, Byung-Kwon Kim, Mijeong Kang et al.     We detected single living bacterial cells on ultramicroelectrode (UME) using a single-particle collision method and optical microscopic methods. The number of collision events …             Optimizing laser-driven proton acceleration from overdense targets ▶     A. Stockem Novo, M. C. Kaluza, R. A. Fonseca et al.     We demonstrate how to tune the main ion acceleration mechanism in laser-plasma interactions to collisionless shock acceleration, thus achieving control over the final ion beam …             Environmental Effects on Hysteresis of Transfer Characteristics in Molybdenum Disulfide Field-Effect Transistors ▶     Yoshihiro Shimazu, Mitsuki Tashiro, Satoshi Sonobe et al.     Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has recently received much attention for nanoscale electronic and photonic applications. To explore the intrinsic properties and enhance the …             Deformation twinning induced decomposition of lamellar LPSO structure and its re-precipitation in an Mg-Zn-Y alloy ▶     X. H. Shao, S. J. Zheng, D. Chen et al.     The high hardness or yield strength of an alloy is known to benefit from the presence of small-scale precipitation, whose hardening effect is extensively applied in various …             Highly efficient single-junction GaAs thin-film solar cell on flexible substrate ▶     Sunghyun Moon, Kangho Kim, Youngjo Kim et al.     There has been much interest in developing a thin-film solar cell because it is lightweight and flexible. The GaAs thin-film solar cell is a top contender in the thin-film solar …             Modulation Instability and Phase-Shifted Fermi-Pasta-Ulam Recurrence ▶     O. Kimmoun, H. C. Hsu, H. Branger et al.     Instabilities are common phenomena frequently observed in nature, sometimes leading to unexpected catastrophes and disasters in seemingly normal conditions. One prominent form of …             3D Imaging of Nanoparticle Distribution in Biological Tissue by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy ▶     Y. Gimenez, B. Busser, F. Trichard et al.     Nanomaterials represent a rapidly expanding area of research with huge potential for future medical applications. Nanotechnology indeed promises to revolutionize diagnostics, …             Temperature Assisted in-Situ Small Angle X-ray Scattering Analysis of Ph-POSS/PC Polymer Nanocomposite ▶     Ramdayal Yadav, Minoo Naebe, Xungai Wang et al.     Inorganic/organic nanofillers have been extensively exploited to impart thermal stability to polymer nanocomposite via various strategies that can endure structural changes when …             Efficient second-harmonic imaging of collagen in histological slides using Bessel beam excitation ▶     Nelly Vuillemin, Pierre Mahou, Delphine Débarre et al.     Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is the most specific label-free indicator of collagen accumulation in widespread pathologies such as fibrosis, and SHG-based measurements hold …             Subject-Specific Effect of Metallic Body Accessories on Path Loss of Dynamic on-Body Propagation Channels ▶     H. A. Rahim, M. Abdulmalek, P. J. Soh et al.     This paper presents the investigation of path loss variation for subject-specific on-body radio propagation channels, considering the effect of metallic spectacles and loop like …             Self-Similar Random Process and Chaotic Behavior In Serrated Flow of High Entropy Alloys ▶     Shuying Chen, Liping Yu, Jingli Ren et al.     The statistical and dynamic analyses of the serrated-flow behavior in the nanoindentation of a high-entropy alloy, Al0.5CoCrCuFeNi, at various holding times and temperatures, are …             Corrigendum: The impact of working memory and the “process of process modelling” on model quality: Investigating experienced versus inexperienced modellers ▶     Markus Martini, Jakob Pinggera, Manuel Neurauter et al.                 Griffiths phase and long-range correlations in a biologically motivated visual cortex model ▶     M. Girardi-Schappo, G. S. Bortolotto, J. J. Gonsalves et al.     Activity in the brain propagates as waves of firing neurons, namely avalanches. These waves’ size and duration distributions have been experimentally shown to display a stable …             Prevention of PVDF ultrafiltration membrane fouling by coating MnO2 nanoparticles with ozonation ▶     Wenzheng Yu, Matthew Brown, Nigel. J. D. Graham     Pre-treatment is normally required to reduce or control the fouling of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes in drinking water treatment process. Current pre-treatment methods, such as …             Narrowband random lasing in a Bismuth-doped active fiber ▶     Ivan A. Lobach, Sergey I. Kablukov, Mikhail I. Skvortsov et al.     Random fiber lasers operating via the Rayleigh scattering (RS) feedback attract now a great deal of attention as they generate a high-quality unidirectional laser beam with the …             Measuring the Electronic Properties of DNA-Specific Schottky Diodes Towards Detecting and Identifying Basidiomycetes DNA ▶     Vengadesh Periasamy, Nastaran Rizan, Hassan Maktuff Jaber Al-Ta’ii et al.     The discovery of semiconducting behavior of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has resulted in a large number of literatures in the study of DNA electronics. Sequence-specific …             Research on the printability of hydrogels in 3D bioprinting ▶     Yong He, FeiFei Yang, HaiMing Zhao et al.     As the biocompatible materials, hydrogels have been widely used in three- dimensional (3D) bioprinting/organ printing to load cell for tissue engineering. It is important to …             Phonon dispersions and Fermi surfaces nesting explaining the variety of charge ordering in titanium-oxypnictides superconductors ▶     Kousuke Nakano, Kenta Hongo, Ryo Maezono     There has been a puzzle between experiments and theoretical predictions on the charge ordering of layered titanium-oxypnictides superconductors. Unconventional mechanisms to …             An exacting transition probability measurement - a direct test of atomic many-body theories ▶     Tarun Dutta, Debashis De Munshi, Dahyun Yum et al.     A new protocol for measuring the branching fraction of hydrogenic atoms with only statistically limited uncertainty is proposed and demonstrated for the decay of the P3/2 level …             Novel technique to suppress hydrocarbon contamination for high accuracy determination of carbon content in steel by FE-EPMA ▶     Takako Yamashita, Yuji Tanaka, Masayasu Yagoshi et al.     In multiphase steels, control of the carbon contents in the respective phases is the most important factor in alloy design for achieving high strength and high ductility. …             Hybrid integration of III-V semiconductor lasers on silicon waveguides using optofluidic microbubble manipulation ▶     Youngho Jung, Jaeho Shim, Kyungmook Kwon et al.     Optofluidic manipulation mechanisms have been successfully applied to micro/nano-scale assembly and handling applications in biophysics, electronics, and photonics. Here, we …             Three-Dimensional Structure of a Simple Liquid at a Face-Centered-Cubic (001) Solid Surface Interface ▶     Luyao Bao, Haibao Hu, Jun Wen et al.     A liquid in the vicinity of a solid-liquid interface (SLI) may exhibit complex structures. In this study, we used molecular dynamics simulations demonstrating for the first time …             Giant Phonon Anharmonicity and Anomalous Pressure Dependence of Lattice Thermal Conductivity in Y2Si2O7 silicate ▶     Yixiu Luo, Jiemin Wang, Yiran Li et al.     Modification of lattice thermal conductivity (κL) of a solid by means of hydrostatic pressure (P) has been a crucially interesting approach that targets a broad range of advanced …             Er3+-doped transparent glass ceramics containing micron-sized SrF2 crystals for 2.7 μm emissions ▶     Yiguang Jiang, Jintai Fan, Benxue Jiang et al.     Er3+-doped transparent glass ceramics containing micron-sized SrF2 crystals were obtained by direct liquid-phase sintering of a mixture of SrF2 powders and precursor glass …             Engineering MoSx/Ti/InP Hybrid Photocathode for Improved Solar Hydrogen Production ▶     Qiang Li, Maojun Zheng, Miao Zhong et al.     Due to its direct band gap of ~1.35 eV, appropriate energy band-edge positions, and low surface-recombination velocity, p-type InP has attracted considerable attention as a …             Chirality-dependent flutter of Typha blades in wind ▶     Zi-Long Zhao, Zong-Yuan Liu, Xi-Qiao Feng     Cattail or Typha, an emergent aquatic macrophyte widely distributed in lakes and other shallow water areas, has slender blades with a chiral morphology. The wind-resilient Typha …             Lanthanide Metal-Organic Frameworks with Six-Coordinated Ln(III) Ions and Free Functional Organic Sites for Adsorptions and Extensive Catalytic Activities ▶     Yu Zhu, Min Zhu, Li Xia et al.     Three chelating-amino-functionalized lanthanide metal-organic frameworks, Y-DDQ, Dy-DDQ and Eu-DDQ, were synthesized with a flexible dicarboxylate ligand based on quinoxaline (H2…             Dislocations and deformation microstructure in a B2-ordered Al28Co20Cr11Fe15Ni26 high-entropy alloy ▶     Michael Feuerbacher     High-entropy alloys are multicomponent metallic materials currently attracting high research interest. They display a unique combination of chemical disorder and crystalline …             Thermodynamics and historical relevance of a jetting thermometer made of Chinese zisha ceramic ▶     Vincent Lee, Daniel Attinger     Following a recent trend of scientific studies on artwork, we study here the thermodynamics of a thermometer made of zisha ceramic, related to the Chinese tea culture. The …             Spin-Dependent Transport in Fe/GaAs(100)/Fe Vertical Spin-Valves ▶     P. K. Johnny Wong, Wen Zhang, Jing Wu et al.     The integration of magnetic materials with semiconductors will lead to the development of the next spintronics devices such as spin field effect transistor (SFET), which is …             Dot-ring nanostructure: Rigorous analysis of many-electron effects ▶     Andrzej Biborski, Andrzej P. Kądzielawa, Anna Gorczyca-Goraj et al.     We discuss the quantum dot-ring nanostructure (DRN) as canonical example of a nanosystem, for which the interelectronic interactions can be evaluated exactly. The system has been …             Floating photocatalyst of B–N–TiO2/expanded perlite: a sol–gel synthesis with optimized mesoporous and high photocatalytic activity ▶     Hongbo Xue, Ya Jiang, Kechun Yuan et al.     Optimized mesoporous photocatalyst endowed with high specific surface area and large pore size was synthesized by sol–gel method. These large pore mesoporous materials (33.39 nm) …               Earth & Environmental Sciences ▲ top               Effects of grazing on photosynthetic features and soil respiration of rangelands in the Tianshan Mountains of Northwest China ▶     Hua Liu, Runguo Zang, Han Y. H. Chen     Rangelands play a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, the eco-physiological mechanisms associated with the effects of grazing on leaf photosynthesis and soil …             Drying soil in North China drove the outbreak range expansion of meadow moth by facilitating long-distance migration ▶     Xiao Chen, Yuying Jiang, Aiguo Kang et al.     Studies of the mechanism underlying the range expansion of organisms have mainly focused on environmental conditions at the edges of species’ distributions, potentially ignoring …             Novel chytrid lineages dominate fungal sequences in diverse marine and freshwater habitats ▶     André M. Comeau, Warwick F. Vincent, Louis Bernier et al.     In aquatic environments, fungal communities remain little studied despite their taxonomic and functional diversity. To extend the ecological coverage of this group, we conducted …             Nonlinear dynamics and instability of aqueous dissolution of silicate glasses and minerals ▶     Yifeng Wang, Carlos F. Jove-Colon, Kristopher L. Kuhlman     Aqueous dissolution of silicate glasses and minerals plays a critical role in global biogeochemical cycles and climate evolution. The reactivity of these materials is also …             Tracking the spatiotemporal variations of statistically independent components involving enrichment of rare-earth elements in deep-sea sediments ▶     Kazutaka Yasukawa, Kentaro Nakamura, Koichiro Fujinaga et al.     Deep-sea sediments have attracted much attention as a promising resource for rare-earth elements and yttrium (REY). In this study, we show statistically independent components …             Correlative multiple porosimetries for reservoir sandstones with adoption of a new reference-sample-guided computed-tomographic method ▶     Jae Hwa Jin, Junho Kim, Jeong-Yil Lee et al.     One of the main interests in petroleum geology and reservoir engineering is to quantify the porosity of reservoir beds as accurately as possible. A variety of direct …             No impact of transgenic cry1C rice on the rove beetle Paederus fuscipes, a generalist predator of brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens ▶     Jiarong Meng, Juma Ibrahim Mabubu, Yu Han et al.     T1C-19 is newly developed transgenic rice active against lepidopteran pests, and expresses a synthesized cry1C gene driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter. The brown planthopper, …             Establishment of a γ-H2AX foci-based assay to determine biological dose of radon to red bone marrow in rats ▶     Jing Wang, Linfeng He, Dunhuang Fan et al.     The biodosimetric information is critical for assessment of cancer risk in populations exposed to high radon. However, no tools are available for biological dose estimation …             Reducing human nitrogen use for food production ▶     Junguo Liu, Kun Ma, Philippe Ciais et al.     Reactive nitrogen (N) is created in order to sustain food production, but only a small fraction of this N ends up being consumed as food, the rest being lost to the environment. …             SCUBA divers as oceanographic samplers: The potential of dive computers to augment aquatic temperature monitoring ▶     Serena Wright, Tom Hull, David B. Sivyer et al.     Monitoring temperature of aquatic waters is of great importance, with modelled, satellite and in-situ data providing invaluable insights into long-term environmental change. …             Mechanism and Effect of Temperature on Variations in Antibiotic Resistance Genes during Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Manure ▶     Wei Sun, Xun Qian, Jie Gu et al.     Animal manure comprises an important reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), but the variation in ARGs during anaerobic digestion at various temperatures and its …             Underestimated risks of recurrent long-range ash dispersal from northern Pacific Arc volcanoes ▶     A. J. Bourne, P. M. Abbott, P. G. Albert et al.     Widespread ash dispersal poses a significant natural hazard to society, particularly in relation to disruption to aviation. Assessing the extent of the threat of far-travelled …             How will Somali coastal upwelling evolve under future warming scenarios? ▶     M. deCastro, M. C. Sousa, F. Santos et al.     Somali upwelling system, the fifth in the world, presents some unique features compared with the other major upwelling systems: 1) it is a Western Boundary Upwelling System …             An extreme internal solitary wave event observed in the northern South China Sea ▶     Xiaodong Huang, Zhaohui Chen, Wei Zhao et al.     With characteristics of large amplitude and strong current, internal solitary wave (ISW) is a major hazard to marine engineering and submarine navigation; it also has significant …             Modeling the melting of multicomponent systems: the case of MgSiO3 perovskite under lower mantle conditions ▶     Cono Di Paola, John P. Brodholt     Knowledge of the melting properties of materials, especially at extreme pressure conditions, represents a long-standing scientific challenge. For instance, there is currently …             The Abiotic Chemistry of Thiolated Acetate Derivatives and the Origin of Life ▶     Kuhan Chandru, Alexis Gilbert, Christopher Butch et al.     Thioesters and thioacetic acid (TAA) have been invoked as key reagents for the origin of life as activated forms of acetate analogous to acetyl-CoA. These species could have …             Expression patterns, mutation detection and RNA interference of Rhopalosiphum padi voltage-gated sodium channel genes ▶     Yayun Zuo, Xiong Peng, Kang Wang et al.     The voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) is the target of sodium-channel-blocking insecticides. Traditionally, animals were thought to have only one VGSC gene comprising a …             Mapping the climatic suitable habitat of oriental arborvitae (Platycladus orientalis) for introduction and cultivation at a global scale ▶     Guoqing Li, Sheng Du, Zhongming Wen     Oriental arborvitae (Platycladus orientalis) is an important afforestation and ornamental tree species, which is native in eastern Asian. Therefore, a global suitable habitat map …             Facilitated biological reduction of nitroaromatic compounds by reduced graphene oxide and the role of its surface characteristics ▶     Lei Li, Qi Liu, Yi-Xuan Wang et al.     How reduced graphene oxide (RGO) mediates the reductive transformation of nitroaromatic pollutants by mixed cultures and the role of its surface characteristics were evaluated in …             Biopolymers form a gelatinous microlayer at the air-sea interface when Arctic sea ice melts ▶     Luisa Galgani, Judith Piontek, Anja Engel     The interface layer between ocean and atmosphere is only a couple of micrometers thick but plays a critical role in climate relevant processes, including the air-sea exchange of …             Seismic evidence for flow in the hydrated mantle wedge of the Ryukyu subduction zone ▶     Takayoshi Nagaya, Andrew M. Walker, James Wookey et al.     It is widely accepted that water-rich serpentinite domains are commonly present in the mantle above shallow subducting slabs and play key roles in controlling the geochemical …             Degraded tropical rain forests possess valuable carbon storage opportunities in a complex, forested landscape ▶     Mohammed Alamgir, Mason J. Campbell, Stephen M. Turton et al.     Tropical forests are major contributors to the terrestrial global carbon pool, but this pool is being reduced via deforestation and forest degradation. Relatively few studies …             Using stable isotopes to trace sources and formation processes of sulfate aerosols from Beijing, China ▶     Xiaokun Han, Qingjun Guo, Congqiang Liu et al.     Particulate pollution from anthropogenic and natural sources is a severe problem in China. Sulfur and oxygen isotopes of aerosol sulfate (δ34Ssulfate and δ18Osulfate) and …             Contributions of natural and anthropogenic radiative forcing to mass loss of Northern Hemisphere mountain glaciers and quantifying their uncertainties ▶     Yukiko Hirabayashi, Kazunari Nakano, Yong Zhang et al.     Observational evidence indicates that a number of glaciers have lost mass in the past. Given that glaciers are highly impacted by the surrounding climate, human-influenced global …             The abrupt onset of the modern South Asian Monsoon winds ▶     Christian Betzler, Gregor P. Eberli, Dick Kroon et al.     The South Asian Monson (SAM) is one of the most intense climatic elements yet its initiation and variations are not well established. Dating the deposits of SAM wind-driven …             Anomalous behaviors of Wyrtki Jets in the equatorial Indian Ocean during 2013 ▶     Yongliang Duan, Lin Liu, Guoqing Han et al.     In-situ measurement of the upper ocean velocity discloses significant abnormal behaviors of two Wyrtki Jets (WJs) respectively in boreal spring and fall, over the tropical Indian …             Corrigendum: The impact of working memory and the “process of process modelling” on model quality: Investigating experienced versus inexperienced modellers ▶     Markus Martini, Jakob Pinggera, Manuel Neurauter et al.                 Global Tree Cover and Biomass Carbon on Agricultural Land: The contribution of agroforestry to global and national carbon budgets ▶     Robert J. Zomer, Henry Neufeldt, Jianchu Xu et al.     Agroforestry systems and tree cover on agricultural land make an important contribution to climate change mitigation, but are not systematically accounted for in either global …             A metabolic profile in Ruditapes philippinarum associated with growth-promoting effects of alginate hydrolysates ▶     Yasuhiro Yamasaki, Shigeru Taga, Masanobu Kishioka et al.     The aim of this study is to demonstrate the growth-promoting effect of alginate hydrolysates (AHs) on the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, and to verify the physiological …             Chronic effects of temperature on mortality in the Southeastern USA using satellite-based exposure metrics ▶     Liuhua Shi, Pengfei Liu, Yan Wang et al.     Climate change may affect human health, particularly for elderly individuals who are vulnerable to temperature changes. While many studies have investigated the acute effects of …             Historical rise of waterpower initiated the collapse of salmon stocks ▶     H. J. R. Lenders, T. P. M. Chamuleau, A. J. Hendriks et al.     The collapse of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) stocks throughout North-Western Europe is generally ascribed to large-scale river regulation, water pollution and over-fishing in …             Pollination and seed dispersal are the most threatened processes of plant regeneration ▶     Eike Lena Neuschulz, Thomas Mueller, Matthias Schleuning et al.     Plant regeneration is essential for maintaining forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, which are globally threatened by human disturbance. Here we present the first …             Coral reef degradation is not correlated with local human population density ▶     John F. Bruno, Abel Valdivia     The global decline of reef-building corals is understood to be due to a combination of local and global stressors. However, many reef scientists assume that local factors …             Biodegradation mechanism of 1H-1,2,4-triazole by a newly isolated strain Shinella sp. NJUST26 ▶     Haobo Wu, Jinyou Shen, Ruiqin Wu et al.     The highly recalcitrant 1H-1,2,4-triazole (TZ) is widely used in the synthesis of agricultural pesticide and considered to be an environmental pollutant. In this study, a novel …             Prevention of PVDF ultrafiltration membrane fouling by coating MnO2 nanoparticles with ozonation ▶     Wenzheng Yu, Matthew Brown, Nigel. J. D. Graham     Pre-treatment is normally required to reduce or control the fouling of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes in drinking water treatment process. Current pre-treatment methods, such as …             Deciphering the transcriptomic response of Fusarium verticillioides in relation to nitrogen availability and the development of sugarcane pokkah boeng disease ▶     Zhenyue Lin, Jihua Wang, Yixue Bao et al.     Pokkah boeng, caused by Fusarium verticillioides, is a serious disease in sugarcane industry. The disease severity is related to the sugarcane genotype as well as environmental …             Rescue of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS)-mediated Sertoli cell injury by overexpression of gap junction protein connexin 43 ▶     Nan Li, Dolores D. Mruk, Haiqi Chen et al.     Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) is an environmental toxicant used in developing countries, including China, as a stain repellent for clothing, carpets and draperies, but it has …             Intraradical colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi triggers induction of a lipochitooligosaccharide receptor ▶     S. R. Rasmussen, W. Füchtbauer, M. Novero et al.     Functional divergence of paralogs following gene duplication is one of the mechanisms leading to evolution of novel pathways and traits. Here we show that divergence of Lys11 and …             Evidence of extensive reef development and high coral cover in nearshore environments: implications for understanding coral adaptation in turbid settings ▶     Kyle M. Morgan, Chris T. Perry, Scott G. Smithers et al.     Mean coral cover has reportedly declined by over 15% during the last 30 years across the central Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Here, we present new data that documents widespread …             Benthic fluxes of dissolved organic carbon from gas hydrate sediments in the northern South China Sea ▶     Chia-Wei Hung, Kuo-Hao Huang, Yung-Yen Shih et al.     Hydrocarbon vents have recently been reported to contribute considerable amounts of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to the oceans. Many such hydrocarbon vents widely exist in the …             Climate Change and ENSO Effects on Southeastern US Climate Patterns and Maize Yield ▶     Spyridon Mourtzinis, Brenda V. Ortiz, Damianos Damianidis     Climate change has a strong influence on weather patterns and significantly affects crop yields globally. El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has a strong influence on the U.S. …             Direct accumulation pathway of radioactive cesium to fruit-bodies of edible mushroom from contaminated wood logs ▶     Toshihiko Ohnuki, Yukitoshi Aiba, Fuminori Sakamoto et al.     This paper presents the accumulation process of radioactive Cs in edible mushrooms. We here first report the direct accumulation pathway of radioactive Cs from contaminated wood …             Depth variations of P-wave azimuthal anisotropy beneath Mainland China ▶     Wei Wei, Dapeng Zhao, Jiandong Xu et al.     A high-resolution model of P-wave anisotropic tomography beneath Mainland China and surrounding regions is determined using a large number of arrival-time data recorded by the …             Designation of highly efficient catalysts for one pot conversion of glycerol to lactic acid ▶     Meilin Tao, Dan Zhang, Hongyu Guan et al.     Production of lactic acid from glycerol is a cascade catalytic procedure using multifunctional catalysts combined with oxidative and acidic catalytic sites. Therefore, a series …             Floating photocatalyst of B–N–TiO2/expanded perlite: a sol–gel synthesis with optimized mesoporous and high photocatalytic activity ▶     Hongbo Xue, Ya Jiang, Kechun Yuan et al.     Optimized mesoporous photocatalyst endowed with high specific surface area and large pore size was synthesized by sol–gel method. These large pore mesoporous materials (33.39 nm) …               Health Sciences ▲ top               Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 is associated with cognitive functions in patients with Parkinson’s disease ▶     Rwei-Ling Yu, Chun-Hsiang Tan, Ying-Che Lu et al.     Neurotransmitter degradation has been proposed to cause the accumulation of neurotoxic metabolites. The metabolism of these metabolites involves aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2). …             Quantifying accessibility and use of improved sanitation: towards a comprehensive indicator of the need for sanitation interventions ▶     M. J. Park, A. C. A. Clements, D. J. Gray et al.     To prevent diseases associated with inadequate sanitation and poor hygiene, people needing latrines and behavioural interventions must be identified. We compared two indicators …             The therapeutic effect of bevacizumab on plaque neovascularization in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis during contrast-enhanced ultrasonography ▶     Yang Li, Ying Zhu, Youbin Deng et al.     The purpose of the study was to assess the therapeutic effect of the angiogenesis inhibitor bevacizumab on plaques of various stages in rabbit models using contrast-enhanced …             Age-specific genetic and antigenic variations of influenza A viruses in Hong Kong, 2013–2014 ▶     Peihua Cao, Chit-Ming Wong, Kwok-Hung Chan et al.     Age-specific genetic and antigenic variations of influenza viruses have not been documented in tropical and subtropical regions. We implemented a systematic surveillance program …             Activation of α2A-adrenergic signal transduction in chondrocytes promotes degenerative remodelling of temporomandibular joint ▶     Kai Jiao, Guang Zeng, Li-Na Niu et al.     This study tested whether activation of adrenoreceptors in chondrocytes has roles in degenerative remodelling of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and to determine associated …             Serum bile acids and GLP-1 decrease following telemetric induced weight loss: results of a randomized controlled trial ▶     Ronald Biemann, Marina Penner, Katrin Borucki et al.     Bile acids (BAs) are increasingly recognised as metabolic regulators, potentially improving insulin sensitivity following bariatric surgery. However, physiological relevance of …             PACSIN2 polymorphism is associated with thiopurine-induced hematological toxicity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia undergoing maintenance therapy ▶     Alenka Smid, Natasa Karas-Kuzelicki, Janez Jazbec et al.     Adequate maintenance therapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), with 6-mercaptopurine as an essential component, is necessary for retaining durable remission. …             Rolling ball sifting algorithm for the augmented visual inspection of carotid bruit auscultation ▶     Adam Huang, Chung-Wei Lee, Hon-Man Liu     Carotid bruits are systolic sounds associated with turbulent blood flow through atherosclerotic stenosis in the neck. They are audible intermittent high-frequency (above 200 Hz) …             Methylation of a panel of genes in peripheral blood leukocytes is associated with colorectal cancer ▶     Xiang Luo, Rong Huang, Hongru Sun et al.     The relationship between the DNA methylation status of the CpG islands of multiple genes in blood leukocytes in CRC susceptibility and prognosis, as well as possible interactions …             Erratum: Newly identified motifs in Candida albicans Cdr1 protein nucleotide binding domains are pleiotropic drug resistance subfamily-specific and functionally asymmetric ▶     Manpreet Kaur Rawal, Atanu Banerjee, Abdul Haseeb Shah et al.                 Clade-level Spatial Modelling of HPAI H5N1 Dynamics in the Mekong Region Reveals New Patterns and Associations with Agro-Ecological Factors ▶     Jean Artois, Scott H. Newman, Madhur S. Dhingra et al.     The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus has been circulating in Asia since 2003 and diversified into several genetic lineages, or clades. Although the spatial …             A New Skin Tensiometer Device: Computational Analyses To Understand Biodynamic Excisional Skin Tension Lines ▶     Sharad P. Paul, Justin Matulich, Nick Charlton     One of the problems in planning cutaneous surgery is that human skin is anisotropic, or directionally dependent. Indeed, skin tension varies between individuals and at different …             Potential Benefit of the Charge-Stabilized Nanostructure Saline RNS60 for Myelin Maintenance and Repair ▶     Vijayaraghava T. S. Rao, Damla Khan, Russell G. Jones et al.     Myelin injury in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been attributed both to “outside-in” primary immune mediated and “inside-out” metabolic stress of oligodendrocyte (OL) related …             In situ eNOS/NO up-regulation—a simple and effective therapeutic strategy for diabetic skin ulcer ▶     Ye Yang, Dengke Yin, Fei Wang et al.     Decreased nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and increased NO consumption in diabetes induces the inadequate blood flow to tissues that is primarily responsible for the pathogenesis and …             Association of MIF, but not type I interferon-induced chemokines, with increased disease activity in Asian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus ▶     K. L. Connelly, R. Kandane-Rathnayake, A. Hoi et al.     Ethnicity is a key factor impacting on disease severity in SLE, but molecular mechanisms of these associations are unknown. Type I IFN and MIF have each been associated with SLE …             The inhibition of calpains ameliorates vascular restenosis through MMP2/TGF-β1 pathway ▶     Lianghu Tang, Haifeng Pei, Yi Yang et al.     Restenosis limits the efficacy of vascular percutaneous intervention, in which vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and activation of inflammation are two primary …             Protective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) via Nrf2 pathway against oxalate-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubular cells ▶     Rattiyaporn Kanlaya, Supaporn Khamchun, Chompunoot Kapincharanon et al.     This study evaluated effect of oxalate on epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and potential anti-fibrotic property of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). MDCK renal tubular …             Proteomics of hot-wet and cold-dry temperaments proposed in Iranian traditional medicine: a Network-based Study ▶     Hassan Rezadoost, Mehrdad Karimi, Mohieddin Jafari     Lack of molecular biology evidence has led clinical success of alternative and complementary medicine (CAM) to be marginalized. In turn, a large portion of life Science …             Oral CoQ10 attenuates high salt-induced hypertension by restoring neurotransmitters and cytokines in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus ▶     Hong-Li Gao, Xiao-Jing Yu, Jie Qi et al.     High salt intake leads to an increase in some proinflammatory cytokines and neurotransmitters involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The purpose of this work was to know …             Revisiting the mechanism of coagulation factor XIII activation and regulation from a structure/functional perspective ▶     Sneha Gupta, Arijit Biswas, Mohammad Suhail Akhter et al.     The activation and regulation of coagulation Factor XIII (FXIII) protein has been the subject of active research for the past three decades. Although discrete evidence exists on …             Prefrontal responses to Stroop tasks in subjects with post-traumatic stress disorder assessed by functional near infrared spectroscopy ▶     Amarnath Yennu, Fenghua Tian, Alexa Smith-Osborne et al.     Studies on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) showing attentional deficits have implicated abnormal activities in the frontal lobe. In this study, we utilized multichannel …             Obesity, metabolic health, and mortality in adults: a nationwide population-based study in Korea ▶     Hae Kyung Yang, Kyungdo Han, Hyuk-Sang Kwon et al.     BMI, metabolic health status, and their interactions should be considered for estimating mortality risk; however, the data are controversial and unknown in Asians. We aimed to …             Fetuin-B (FETUB): a Plasma Biomarker Candidate Related to the Severity of Lung Function in COPD ▶     Wen-qi Diao, Ning Shen, Yi-peng Du et al.     Biomarkers for the progression of lung function in COPD are currently scarce. Plasma fetuin-B (FETUB) was identified by iTRAQ-based proteomics and was verified by ELISA in …             Efficacy of Statin Therapy in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis ▶     Magdalena Rysz-Górzynska, Anna Gluba-Brzózka, Amirhossein Sahebkar et al.     Since the evidence regarding statin therapy in PAH has not been conclusive, we assessed the impact of statin therapy in PAH through a systematic review and meta-analysis of …             Establishment of a γ-H2AX foci-based assay to determine biological dose of radon to red bone marrow in rats ▶     Jing Wang, Linfeng He, Dunhuang Fan et al.     The biodosimetric information is critical for assessment of cancer risk in populations exposed to high radon. However, no tools are available for biological dose estimation …             Lutein acts via multiple antioxidant pathways in the photo-stressed retina ▶     Mamoru Kamoshita, Eriko Toda, Hideto Osada et al.     Lutein slows the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness in ageing societies. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, …             Evaluation of liver function and electroacupuncture efficacy of animals with alcoholic liver injury by the novel imaging methods ▶     Dong Zhang, Xiao-jing Song, Shun-yue Li et al.     Imaging methods to evaluate hepatic microcirculation (HM) and liver function (LF) by directly monitoring overall liver tissue remain lacking. This study establish imaging methods …             Determination of oxygen extraction fraction using magnetic resonance imaging in canine models with internal carotid artery occlusion ▶     Fei-Yan Chang, Jiang-Xi Xiao, Sheng Xie et al.     Perfusion of the penumbra tissue below the flow threshold for functional disturbance but above that for the maintenance of morphological integrity is the target for therapy in …             miR-877-3p targets Smad7 and is associated with myofibroblast differentiation and bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis ▶     Cong Wang, Shen Gu, Honghui Cao et al.     Myofibroblast differentiation of lung resident mesenchymal stem cells (LR-MSC) plays an important role in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. By comparing the expression profiles of …             The association between gallstones and metabolic syndrome in urban Han Chinese: a longitudinal cohort study ▶     Qian Zhu, Xiubin Sun, Xiaokang Ji et al.     The precise association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and gallstone disease remains unclear in China. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between MetS and gallstone …             Genetic association between NFKB1 −94 ins/del ATTG Promoter Polymorphism and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 42 case-control studies ▶     Duan Wang, Tianhang Xie, Jin Xu et al.     Accumulating evidences have indicated that the functional -94 ins/del ATTG polymorphism in the promoter region of human nuclear factor-kappa B1 (NFKB1) gene may be associated …             Maternal inflammation activated ROS-p38 MAPK predisposes offspring to heart damages caused by isoproterenol via augmenting ROS generation ▶     Qi Zhang, Yafei Deng, Wenjing Lai et al.     Maternal inflammation contributes to the increased incidence of adult cardiovascular disease. The current study investigated the susceptibility of cardiac damage responding to …             Temporal assessment of nanoparticle accumulation after experimental brain injury: Effect of particle size ▶     Vimala N. Bharadwaj, Jonathan Lifshitz, P. David Adelson et al.     Nanoparticle (NP) based therapeutic and theranostic agents have been developed for various diseases, yet application to neural disease/injury is restricted by the …             Gene silencing of endothelial von Willebrand Factor attenuates angiotensin II-induced endothelin-1 expression in porcine aortic endothelial cells ▶     Anar Dushpanova, Silvia Agostini, Enrica Ciofini et al.     Expression of endothelin (ET)-1 is increased in endothelial cells exposed to angiotensin II (Ang II), leading to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disorders. Since von …             Mesenchymal progenitors in osteopenias of diverse pathologies: differential characteristics in the common shift from osteoblastogenesis to adipogenesis ▶     Bingdong Sui, Chenghu Hu, Li Liao et al.     Osteoporosis is caused by pathologic factors such as aging, hormone deficiency or excess, inflammation, and systemic diseases like diabetes. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), …             TSG-6 secreted by human umbilical cord-MSCs attenuates severe burn-induced excessive inflammation via inhibiting activations of P38 and JNK signaling ▶     Lingying Liu, Huifeng Song, Hongjie Duan et al.     The hMSCs have become a promising approach for inflammation treatment in acute phase. Our previous study has demonstrated that human umbilical cord-MSCs could alleviate the …             Application of a cell microarray chip system for accurate, highly sensitive, and rapid diagnosis for malaria in Uganda ▶     Shouki Yatsushiro, Takeki Yamamoto, Shohei Yamamura et al.     Accurate, sensitive, rapid, and easy operative diagnosis is necessary to prevent the spread of malaria. A cell microarray chip system including a push column for the recovery of …             A functional variant rs353292 in the flanking region of miR-143/145 contributes to the risk of colorectal cancer ▶     Fang Yuan, Ruifen Sun, Lijuan Li et al.     MicroRNA (miR)-143 and miR-145 have been identified as molecular regulators in cell proliferation, cell growth, clone formation, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion, and migration. …             Astragaloside IV improves lipid metabolism in obese mice by alleviation of leptin resistance and regulation of thermogenic network ▶     Hui Wu, Yan Gao, Hai-Lian Shi et al.     Obesity is a worldwide threat to public health in modern society, which may result from leptin resistance and disorder of thermogenesis. The present study investigated whether …             The discovery of a novel inhibitor of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) for ischemic heart: synthesis, activity and target identification ▶     Ying Wang, Yang Cao, Qing Zhu et al.     Apaf-1 is a central component in the apoptosis regulatory network for the treatment of apoptosis related diseases. Excessive Apaf-1 activity induced by myocardial ischemia causes …             Prolonged secretion of cortisol as a possible mechanism underlying stress and depressive behaviour ▶     Dong-dong Qin, Joshua Rizak, Xiao-li Feng et al.     Stress is associated with the onset of depressive episodes, and cortisol hypersecretion is considered a biological risk factor of depression. However, the possible mechanisms …             Pancreatic Cancer Cell Exosome-Mediated Macrophage Reprogramming and the Role of MicroRNAs 155 and 125b2 Transfection using Nanoparticle Delivery Systems ▶     Mei-Ju Su, Hibah Aldawsari, Mansoor Amiji     Exosomes are nano-sized endosome-derived small intraluminal vesicles, which are important facilitators of intercellular communication by transporting contents, such as protein, …             Metabolomics analysis for hydroxy-L-proline-induced calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in rats based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry ▶     Songyan Gao, Rui Yang, Zhongjiang Peng et al.     About 80% of kidney stones are composed of calcium oxalate (CaOx) with variable amounts of calcium phosphate, and hyperoxaluria is considered as an important factor of CaOx …             A Chinese herbal decoction, reformulated from Kai-Xin-San, relieves the depression-like symptoms in stressed rats and induces neurogenesis in cultured neurons ▶     Lu Yan, Qinghua Hu, Marvin S. H. Mak et al.     Kai-Xin-San (KXS), a Chinese herbal decoction for anti-depression, is a combination of paired-herbs, i.e. Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (GR)-Polygalae Radix (PR) and Acori Tatarinowii …             Dysfunctional epileptic neuronal circuits and dysmorphic dendritic spines are mitigated by platelet-activating factor receptor antagonism ▶     Alberto E. Musto, Robert F. Rosencrans, Chelsey P. Walker et al.     Temporal lobe epilepsy or limbic epilepsy lacks effective therapies due to a void in understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms that set in motion aberrant neuronal …             Metabolomic analysis of percutaneous fine-needle aspiration specimens of thyroid nodules: Potential application for the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer ▶     Inseon Ryoo, Hyuknam Kwon, Soo Chin Kim et al.     Thyroid nodules are a very common problem. Since malignant thyroid nodules should be treated surgically, preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer is very crucial. Cytopathologic …             Integrin β6 serves as an immunohistochemical marker for lymph node metastasis and promotes cell invasiveness in cholangiocarcinoma ▶     Zequn Li, Siddhartha Biswas, Benjia Liang et al.     Cholangiocarcinoma is a devastating malignancy that is notoriously difficult to diagnose and is associated with a high mortality. Despite extensive efforts to improve the …             A novel, rapid method to compare the therapeutic windows of oral anticoagulants using the Hill coefficient ▶     Jeremy B. Chang, Kayla M. Quinnies, Ronald Realubit et al.     A central challenge in designing and administering effective anticoagulants is achieving the proper therapeutic window and dosage for each patient. The Hill coefficient, nH, …             New Magnetic Resonance Imaging Index for Renal Fibrosis Assessment: A Comparison between Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and T1 Mapping with Histological Validation ▶     I. Friedli, L. A. Crowe, L. Berchtold et al.     A need exists to noninvasively assess renal interstitial fibrosis, a common process to all kidney diseases and predictive of renal prognosis. In this translational study, …             Assessment of Ovarian Cancer Tumors Treated with Intraperitoneal Cisplatin Therapy by Nanoscopic X-ray Fluorescence Imaging ▶     Brecht Laforce, Charlotte Carlier, Bart Vekemans et al.     Ovarian cancer is amongst the most common types of cancer in women, with a relatively low overall cure rate of approximately 30%. This is therefore an important incentive to urge …             In vivo blockade of acetylcholinesterase increases intraovarian acetylcholine and enhances follicular development and fertility in the rat ▶     Javier Urra, Jan Blohberger, Michelle Tiszavari et al.     Growth and differentiation of ovarian follicles are regulated by systemic and local factors, which may include acetylcholine (ACh). Granulosa cells (GCs) of growing follicles and …             Microbiota Modulates Behavior and Protein Kinase C mediated cAMP response element-binding protein Signaling ▶     Li Zeng, Benhua Zeng, Haiyang Wang et al.     Evolutionary pressure drives gut microbiota–host coevolution and results in complex interactions between gut microbiota and neural development; however, the molecular mechanisms …             Imaging of Osteoarthritic Human Articular Cartilage using Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy Combined with Multivariate and Univariate Analysis ▶     J. Oinas, L. Rieppo, M. A. J. Finnilä et al.     The changes in chemical composition of human articular cartilage (AC) caused by osteoarthritis (OA) were investigated using Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy …             Bats: Body mass index, forearm mass index, blood glucose levels and SLC2A2 genes for diabetes ▶     Fanxing Meng, Lei Zhu, Wenjie Huang et al.     Bats have an unusually large volume of endocrine tissue, with a large population of beta cells, and an elevated sensitivity to glucose and insulin. This makes them excellent …             IL-33 Contributes to Schistosoma japonicum-induced Hepatic Pathology through Induction of M2 Macrophages ▶     Hui Peng, Qixian Zhang, Xiaojuan Li et al.     Interleukin (IL)-33 is involved in T helper (Th)2-biased immune responses in mice infected with Schistosoma, but the precise mechanism remains to be elucidated. Herein, we …             Novel adjuvant Alum-TLR7 significantly potentiates immune response to glycoconjugate vaccines ▶     Cecilia Buonsanti, Cristiana Balocchi, Carole Harfouche et al.     Although glycoconjugate vaccines are generally very efficacious, there is still a need to improve their efficacy, especially in eliciting a strong primary antibody response. We …             The human amniotic fluid stem cell secretome effectively counteracts doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity ▶     Edoardo Lazzarini, Carolina Balbi, Paola Altieri et al.     The anthracycline doxorubicin (Dox) is widely used in oncology, but it may cause a cardiomyopathy with bleak prognosis that cannot be effectively prevented. The secretome of …             MicroRNA-mediated target mRNA cleavage and 3′-uridylation in human cells ▶     Kai Xu, Jing Lin, Roza Zandi et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in targeted gene silencing by facilitating posttranscriptional and translational repression. However, the precise mechanism of mammalian …             Features of an altered AMPK metabolic pathway in Gilbert’s Syndrome, and its role in metabolic health ▶     Christine Mölzer, Marlies Wallner, Carina Kern et al.     Energy metabolism, involving the ATP-dependent AMPK-PgC-Ppar pathway impacts metabolic health immensely, in that its impairment can lead to obesity, giving rise to disease. Based …             Corrigendum: Experimental Models in Syrian Golden Hamster Replicate Human Acute Pancreatitis ▶     Yunan Wang, Abudurexiti Kayoumu, Guotao Lu et al.                 Erratum: Comparative study of serum zinc concentrations in benign and malignant prostate disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis ▶     Jiang Zhao, Qingjian Wu, Xiaoyan Hu et al.                 Corrigendum: Integrated analysis of the involvement of nitric oxide synthesis in mitochondrial proliferation, mitochondrial deficiency and apoptosis in skeletal muscle fibres ▶     Gabriela Silva Rodrigues, Rosely Oliveira Godinho, Beatriz Hitomi Kiyomoto et al.                 Corrigendum: Assisted reproduction causes placental maldevelopment and dysfunction linked to reduced fetal weight in mice ▶     Shuqiang Chen, Fang-zhen Sun, Xiuying Huang et al.                 Plasma matrix metalloproteinase 1 improves the detection and survival prediction of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ▶     Yu-Kuei Chen, Chun-Wei Tung, Jui-Ying Lee et al.     This study aimed to identify noninvasive protein markers capable of detecting the presence and prognosis of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC). Analyzing microarray …             In vivo and in vitro protective effects of omeprazole against neuropathic pain ▶     Sanjay K. Chanchal, Umesh B. Mahajan, Sumit Siddharth et al.     Apart from reducing the acid secretion, omeprazole inhibits activation of the nuclear factor-κB, release of inflammatory cytokines, and chemotaxis of neutrophils. These …             The association between types of regular primary care and hospitalization among people with and without multimorbidity: A household survey on 25,780 Chinese ▶     Roger Y. Chung, Stewart W. Mercer, Benjamin H. K. Yip et al.     Using data collected from 25,780 Hong Kong citizens in a household survey, this study aimed to investigate the association between having regular source of primary care and …             A distinct brain pathway links viral RNA exposure to sickness behavior ▶     Xinxia Zhu, Pete R. Levasseur, Katherine A. Michaelis et al.     Sickness behaviors and metabolic responses to invading pathogens are common to nearly all types of infection. These responses evolved to provide short-term benefit to the host to …             Effect of Exendin-4 on Autophagy Clearance in Beta Cell of Rats with Tacrolimus-induced Diabetes Mellitus ▶     Sun Woo Lim, Long Jin, Jian Jin et al.     Growing evidence suggests that GLP-1 protects beta cells against various cellular injuries by modulating autophagy. In this study, we examined whether exendin-4 (Ex-4), a GLP-1 …             Andrographolide derivative AL-1 ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis in mice: involvement of NF-кB and PPAR-γ signaling pathways ▶     Yali Yang, Hui Yan, Mei Jing et al.     Andrographolide is a traditional herb medicine, widely used in Asia for conditions involving inflammation. The andrographlide-lipoic acid conjugate, AL-1, has been found being …             Glutathione peroxidase 3 localizes to the epithelial lining fluid and the extracellular matrix in interstitial lung disease ▶     Andrea C. Schamberger, Herbert B. Schiller, Isis E. Fernandez et al.     Aberrant antioxidant activity and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) are hallmarks of interstitial lung diseases (ILD). It is known that oxidative stress alters …             The impact of preconceptional obesity on trajectories of maternal lipids during gestation ▶     Latife Bozkurt, Christian S. Göbl, Anna-Theresa Hörmayer et al.     Growing challenges of maternal obesity necessitate to focus metabolic management on alternative factors than glycaemia. The objective is to assess longitudinal changes in lipids …             Neurogenic differentiation factor NeuroD confers protection against radiation-induced intestinal injury in mice ▶     Ming Li, Aonan Du, Jing Xu et al.     The gastrointestinal tract, especially the small intestine, is particularly sensitive to radiation, and is prone to radiation-induced injury as a result. Neurogenic …             Tert-butylhydroquinone lowers blood pressure in AngII-induced hypertension in mice via proteasome-PTEN-Akt-eNOS pathway ▶     Bing-Can Xu, Hui-Bao Long, Ke-Qin Luo     Tert-butylhydroquinone (tBHQ), as an antioxidant, has been widely used for many years to prevent oxidization of food products. The aim of this study was to investigate whether …             DNA barcode for the identification of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis plant feeding preferences in a tropical urban environment ▶     Leonardo H. G. de M. Lima, Marcelo R. Mesquita, Laura Skrip et al.     Little is known about the feeding behavior of hematophagous insects that require plant sugar to complete their life cycles. We studied plant feeding of Lutzomyia longipalpis sand …             Co-regulation of the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways promotes supporting cell proliferation and hair cell regeneration in mouse utricles ▶     Jingfang Wu, Wenyan Li, Chen Lin et al.     This work sought to determine the crosstalk between the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways in regulating supporting cell (SC) proliferation and hair cell (HC) regeneration in mouse …             Acute effects of ferumoxytol on regulation of renal hemodynamics and oxygenation ▶     Kathleen Cantow, Andreas Pohlmann, Bert Flemming et al.     The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle ferumoxytol is increasingly used as intravascular contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study details the impact …             Chronic effects of temperature on mortality in the Southeastern USA using satellite-based exposure metrics ▶     Liuhua Shi, Pengfei Liu, Yan Wang et al.     Climate change may affect human health, particularly for elderly individuals who are vulnerable to temperature changes. While many studies have investigated the acute effects of …             Placebo Response is Driven by UCS Revaluation: Evidence, Neurophysiological Consequences and a Quantitative Model ▶     Luca Puviani, Sidita Rama     Despite growing scientific interest in the placebo effect and increasing understanding of neurobiological mechanisms, theoretical modeling of the placebo response remains poorly …             Proteomics analysis of human tears from aqueous-deficient and evaporative dry eye patients ▶     Natarajan Perumal, Sebastian Funke, Norbert Pfeiffer et al.     Despite the high global prevalence of dry eye syndrome (DES), the fundamental processes underlying this pathology remain largely unexplored. Therefore, this study endeavoured to …             ω-3 PUFAs ameliorate liver fibrosis and inhibit hepatic stellate cells proliferation and activation by promoting YAP/TAZ degradation ▶     Kun Zhang, Yanan Chang, Zhemin Shi et al.     Elevated levels of the transcriptional regulators Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivators with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), key effectors of the Hippo pathway, …             Protein Kinase C Epsilon Promotes Cerebral Ischemic Tolerance Via Modulation of Mitochondrial Sirt5 ▶     Kahlilia C. Morris-Blanco, Kunjan R. Dave, Isabel Saul et al.     Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) is a mitochondrial-localized NAD+-dependent lysine desuccinylase and a major regulator of the mitochondrial succinylome. We wanted to determine whether SIRT5 is …             CEACAM1 mediates B cell aggregation in central nervous system autoimmunity ▶     Damiano M. Rovituso, Laura Scheffler, Marie Wunsch et al.     B cell aggregates in the central nervous system (CNS) have been associated with rapid disease progression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we demonstrate a key role …             Methylomes of renal cell lines and tumors or metastases differ significantly with impact on pharmacogenes ▶     Stefan Winter, Pascale Fisel, Florian Büttner et al.     Current therapies for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) show limited efficacy. Drug efficacy, typically investigated in preclinical cell line models during drug …             The myocardial regenerative potential of three-dimensional engineered cardiac tissues composed of multiple human iPS cell-derived cardiovascular cell lineages ▶     Hidetoshi Masumoto, Takeichiro Nakane, Joseph P. Tinney et al.     Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are a robust source for cardiac regenerative therapy due to their potential to support autologous and allogeneic transplant …             Depressive symptoms as a side effect of Interferon-α therapy induced by induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 ▶     Yuki Murakami, Takaaki Ishibashi, Eiichi Tomita et al.     Depression is known to occur frequently in chronic hepatitis C viral (HCV) patients receiving interferon (IFN)-α therapy. In this study, we investigated whether indoleamine …             Battery of behavioral tests in mice to study postoperative delirium ▶     Mian Peng, Ce Zhang, Yuanlin Dong et al.     Postoperative delirium is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and cost. However, its neuropathogenesis remains largely unknown, partially owing to lack of animal …             EpCAM (CD326) is differentially expressed in craniopharyngioma subtypes and Rathke’s cleft cysts ▶     Vivian Thimsen, Annett Hölsken, Michael Buchfelder et al.     The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a type I glycoprotein located on the surface of epithelial cells. It is strongly expressed in many neoplasms and already used in …             Acute Kidney Injury Predicts Mortality after Charcoal Burning Suicide ▶     Yu-Chin Chen, Yi-Chia Tseng, Wen-Hung Huang et al.     A paucity of literature exists on risk factors for mortality in charcoal burning suicide. In this observational study, we analyzed the data of 126 patients with charcoal burning …             Prevalence of Atopic Dermatitis in Chinese Children aged 1–7 ys ▶     Yifeng Guo, Ping Li, Jianping Tang et al.     Prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) is increasing worldwide. Up to date, there has been no face-to-face nation-wide study in China. We aim to explore the prevalence of clinical …             MINDEC-An Enhanced Negative Depletion Strategy for Circulating Tumour Cell Enrichment ▶     Morten Lapin, Kjersti Tjensvoll, Satu Oltedal et al.     Most current methods of circulating tumour cell (CTC) enrichment target the epithelial protein EpCAM, which is commonly expressed in adenocarcinoma cells. However, such methods …             Systematic investigation of transcription factors critical in the protection against cerebral ischemia by Danhong injection ▶     Junying Wei, Yanqiong Zhang, Qiang Jia et al.     Systematic investigations of complex pathological cascades during ischemic brain injury help to elucidate novel therapeutic targets against cerebral ischemia. Although some …             FNDC5 expression and circulating irisin levels are modified by diet and hormonal conditions in hypothalamus, adipose tissue and muscle ▶     B. M. Varela-Rodríguez, L. Pena-Bello, P. Juiz-Valiña et al.     Irisin is processed from fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5). However, a controversy exists concerning irisin origin, regulation and function. To elucidate …             Cannabinoid receptor subtype 2 (CB2R) agonist, GW405833 reduces agonist-induced Ca2+ oscillations in mouse pancreatic acinar cells ▶     Zebing Huang, Haiyan Wang, Jingke Wang et al.     Emerging evidence demonstrates that the blockade of intracellular Ca2+ signals may protect pancreatic acinar cells against Ca2+ overload, intracellular protease activation, and …             VCE-003.2, a novel cannabigerol derivative, enhances neuronal progenitor cell survival and alleviates symptomatology in murine models of Huntington’s disease ▶     Javier Díaz-Alonso, Juan Paraíso-Luna, Carmen Navarrete et al.     Cannabinoids have shown to exert neuroprotective actions in animal models by acting at different targets including canonical cannabinoid receptors and PPARγ. We previously showed …             The Dentin Sialoprotein (DSP) Domain Regulates Dental Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation through a Novel Surface Receptor ▶     Chunyan Wan, Guohua Yuan, Daoshu Luo et al.     Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) is a dentin extracellular matrix protein that is processed into dentin sialoprotein (DSP), dentin glycoprotein (DGP) and dentin phosphoprotein …             Interleukin-1β, lipocalin 2 and nitric oxide synthase 2 are mechano-responsive mediators of mouse and human endothelial cell-osteoblast crosstalk ▶     Vimal Veeriah, Angelo Zanniti, Riccardo Paone et al.     Endothelial cells are spatially close to osteoblasts and regulate osteogenesis. Moreover, they are sensitive to mechanical stimuli, therefore we hypothesized that they are …             Bile signalling promotes chronic respiratory infections and antibiotic tolerance ▶     F. Jerry Reen, Stephanie Flynn, David F. Woods et al.     Despite aggressive antimicrobial therapy, many respiratory pathogens persist in the lung, underpinning the chronic inflammation and eventual lung decline that are characteristic …                 • Careers & Jobs           naturejobs.com Science jobs of the week       Postdoctoral Positions Available     State University of New York            Senior Research Associate     University College London (UCL)            Postdoctoral Research Scientist     The Babraham Institute            Tenure-Track Scientist     Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia            Postdoctoral Research Assistant     Queen Mary University of London            Postdoctoral Fellow     Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute            Post Doctoral Research Associate     Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso            postdoctoral researcher     Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine            Postdoctoral Research Associate     Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason (BRI)            Outbreak Investigation Post Doc     Institut Pasteur          No matter what your career stage, student, postdoc or senior scientist, you will find articles on naturejobs.com to help guide you in your science career. 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