Scientific Reports Biology Table of Contents e-alert: 19 January 2016

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19 January 2016      • Visit Scientific Reports • Submit your manuscript to Scientific Reports     Welcome to your Table of Contents e-alert for Scientific Reports               Biological Sciences               dbEM: A database of epigenetic modifiers curated from cancerous and normal genomes ▶     Jagpreet Singh Nanda, Rahul Kumar, Gajendra P. S. Raghava     We have developed a database called dbEM (database of Epigenetic Modifiers) to maintain the genomic information of about 167 epigenetic modifiers/proteins, which are considered …             Cells and Stripes: A novel quantitative photo-manipulation technique ▶     Martin Mistrik, Eva Vesela, Tomas Furst et al.     Laser micro-irradiation is a technology widely used in the DNA damage response, checkpoint signaling, chromatin remodeling and related research fields, to assess chromatin …             Global patterns of insect diversification: towards a reconciliation of fossil and molecular evidence? ▶     Fabien L. Condamine, Matthew E. Clapham, Gael J. Kergoat     Macroevolutionary studies of insects at diverse taxonomic scales often reveal dynamic evolutionary patterns, with multiple inferred diversification rate shifts. Responses to …             The nutritional and hedonic value of food modulate sexual receptivity in Drosophila melanogaster females ▶     Jenke A. Gorter, Samyukta Jagadeesh, Christoph Gahr et al.     Food and sex often go hand in hand because of the nutritional cost of reproduction. For Drosophila melanogaster females, this relationship is especially intimate because their …             Mumps virus-induced innate immune responses in mouse Sertoli and Leydig cells ▶     Han Wu, Lili Shi, Qing Wang et al.     Mumps virus (MuV) infection frequently causes orchitis and impairs male fertility. However, the mechanisms underlying the innate immune responses to MuV infection in the testis …             Squalene epoxidase is a bona fide oncogene by amplification with clinical relevance in breast cancer ▶     David N. Brown, Irene Caffa, Gabriella Cirmena et al.     SQLE encodes squalene epoxidase, a key enzyme in cholesterol synthesis. SQLE has sporadically been reported among copy-number driven transcripts in multi-omics cancer projects. …             Gel electrophoresis in a polyvinylalcohol coated fused silica capillary for purity assessment of modified and secondary-structured oligo- and polyribonucleotides ▶     Martyna Barciszewska, Agnieszka Sucha, Sandra Bałabańska et al.     Application of a polyvinylalcohol-coated (PVA-coated) capillary in capillary gel electrophoresis (CGE) enables the selective separation of oligoribonucleotides and their …             Nested Machine Learning Facilitates Increased Sequence Content for Large-Scale Automated High Resolution Melt Genotyping ▶     Stephanie I. Fraley, Pornpat Athamanolap, Billie J. Masek et al.     High Resolution Melt (HRM) is a versatile and rapid post-PCR DNA analysis technique primarily used to differentiate sequence variants among only a few short amplicons. We …             A network analysis of cofactor-protein interactions for analyzing associations between human nutrition and diseases ▶     Marie Pier Scott-Boyer, Sébastien Lacroix, Marco Scotti et al.     The involvement of vitamins and other micronutrients in intermediary metabolism was elucidated in the mid 1900’s at the level of individual biochemical reactions. Biochemical …             Enhanced photoelectrochemical aptasensing platform for TXNDC5 gene based on exciton energy transfer between NCQDs and TiO2 nanorods ▶     Xuehui Pang, Lin Wang, Hongmin Ma et al.     The over expression of thioredoxin domain-containing protein 5 (TXNDC5) can promote the growth of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). A novel highly sensitive …             Structure of the transmembrane domain of human nicastrin-a component of γ-secretase ▶     Yan Li, Lynette Sin Yee Liew, Qingxin Li et al.     Nicastrin is the largest component of γ-secretase that is an intramembrane protease important in the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Nicastrin contains a large extracellular …             The effects of organic solvents on the folding pathway and associated thermodynamics of proteins: a microscopic view ▶     Yuqi Yu, Jinan Wang, Qiang Shao et al.     Protein folding is subject to the effects of solvation environment. A variety of organic solvents are used as additives for in vitro refolding of denatured proteins. Examination …             Interferon-gamma improves impaired dentinogenic and immunosuppressive functions of irreversible pulpitis-derived human dental pulp stem cells ▶     Soichiro Sonoda, Haruyoshi Yamaza, Lan Ma et al.     Clinically, irreversible pulpitis is treated by the complete removal of pulp tissue followed by replacement with artificial materials. There is considered to be a high potential …             A CRISPR/Cas9 and Cre/Lox system-based express vaccine development strategy against re-emerging Pseudorabies virus ▶     Xun Liang, Leqiang Sun, Teng Yu et al.     Virus evolves rapidly to escape vaccine-induced immunity, posing a desperate demand for efficient vaccine development biotechnologies. Here we present an express vaccine …             Cytotoxic polyfunctionality maturation of cytomegalovirus-pp65-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T-cell responses in older adults positively correlates with response size ▶     Yen-Ling Chiu, Chung-Hao Lin, Bo-Yi Sung et al.     Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the most common persistent viral infections in humans worldwide and is epidemiologically associated with many adverse health …             Fosfomycin enhances phagocyte-mediated killing of Staphylococcus aureus by extracellular traps and reactive oxygen species ▶     Fengge Shen, Xudong Tang, Wei Cheng et al.     The successful treatment of bacterial infections is the achievement of a synergy between the host’s immune defences and antibiotics. Here, we examined whether fosfomycin (FOM) …             Sulindac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, mediates breast cancer inhibition as an immune modulator ▶     Tao Yin, Guoping Wang, Tinghong Ye et al.     The cooperation of adaptive immunity with pharmacologic therapy influences cancer progression. Though non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have a long history of cancer …             Impaired differentiation of macrophage lineage cells attenuates bone remodeling and inflammatory angiogenesis in Ndrg1 deficient mice ▶     Kosuke Watari, Tomohiro Shibata, Hiroshi Nabeshima et al.     N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) is a responsible gene for a hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy-Lom (Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4D). This is the first study …             Extrapolating microdomain Ca2+ dynamics using BK channels as a Ca2+ sensor ▶     Panpan Hou, Feng Xiao, Haowen Liu et al.     Ca2+ ions play crucial roles in mediating physiological and pathophysiological processes, yet Ca2+ dynamics local to the Ca2+ source, either from influx via calcium permeable ion …             Auranofin-loaded nanoparticles as a new therapeutic tool to fight streptococcal infections ▶     Roberto Díez-Martínez, Esther García-Fernández, Miguel Manzano et al.     Drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) can improve infection treatment by ensuring drug concentration at the right place within the therapeutic window. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) …             Transcription factor NFAT1 controls allergic contact hypersensitivity through regulation of activation induced cell death program ▶     Ho-Keun Kwon, Gi-Cheon Kim, Ji Sun Hwang et al.     Allergic contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is an inflammatory skin disease mediated by allergen specific T cells. In this study, we investigated the role of transcription factor …             An evaluation of the accuracy and speed of metagenome analysis tools ▶     Stinus Lindgreen, Karen L. Adair, Paul P. Gardner     Metagenome studies are becoming increasingly widespread, yielding important insights into microbial communities covering diverse environments from terrestrial and aquatic …             The episodic ataxia type 1 mutation I262T alters voltage-dependent gating and disrupts protein biosynthesis of human Kv1.1 potassium channels ▶     Szu-Han Chen, Ssu-Ju Fu, Jing-Jia Huang et al.     Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are essential for setting neuronal membrane excitability. Mutations in human Kv1.1 channels are linked to episodic ataxia type 1 (EA1). The …             Comparative transcriptome analysis highlights the crucial roles of photosynthetic system in drought stress adaptation in upland rice ▶     Zheng-Feng Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Li, Ben-Ze Xiao     Drought stress is one of the major adverse environmental factors reducing plant growth. With the aim to elucidate the underlying molecular basis of rice response to drought …             Structural understanding of the recycling of oxidized ascorbate by dehydroascorbate reductase (OsDHAR) from Oryza sativa L. japonica ▶     Hackwon Do, Il-Sup Kim, Byoung Wook Jeon et al.     Dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) is a key enzyme involved in the recycling of ascorbate, which catalyses the glutathione (GSH)-dependent reduction of oxidized ascorbate …             Interplay Between Intracellular Ca2+ Oscillations and Ca2+-stimulated Mitochondrial Metabolism ▶     Benjamin Wacquier, Laurent Combettes, Guy Tran Van Nhieu et al.     Oscillations of cytosolic Ca2+ concentration are a widespread mode of signalling. Oscillatory spikes rely on repetitive exchanges of Ca2+ between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) …             Stable multilineage xenogeneic replacement of definitive hematopoiesis in adult zebrafish ▶     Isabell Hess, Thomas Boehm     Bony fishes are the most numerous and phenotypically diverse group of vertebrates inhabiting our planet, making them an ideal target for identifying general principles of tissue …             The proprotein convertase PC1/3 regulates TLR9 trafficking and the associated signaling pathways ▶     M. Duhamel, F. Rodet, A. N. Murgoci et al.     Endosomal TLR9 is considered as a potent anti-tumoral therapeutic target. Therefore, it is crucial to decipher the mechanisms controlling its trafficking since it determines TLR9 …             Comprehensive Structural Characterization of the Bacterial Homospermidine Synthase–an Essential Enzyme of the Polyamine Metabolism ▶     Sebastian Krossa, Annette Faust, Dietrich Ober et al.     The highly conserved bacterial homospermidine synthase (HSS) is a key enzyme of the polyamine metabolism of many proteobacteria including pathogenic strains such as Legionella …             Lipoprotein hydrophobic core lipids are partially extruded to surface in smaller HDL: “Herniated” HDL, a common feature in diabetes ▶     Núria Amigó, Roger Mallol, Mercedes Heras et al.     Recent studies have shown that pharmacological increases in HDL cholesterol concentrations do not necessarily translate into clinical benefits for patients, raising concerns …             Global nitrogen budgets in cereals: A 50-year assessment for maize, rice, and wheat production systems ▶     J. K. Ladha, A. Tirol-Padre, C. K. Reddy et al.     Industrially produced N-fertilizer is essential to the production of cereals that supports current and projected human populations. We constructed a top-down global N budget for …             Food supply confers calcifiers resistance to ocean acidification ▶     Laura Ramajo, Elia Pérez-León, Iris E. Hendriks et al.     Invasion of ocean surface waters by anthropogenic CO2 emitted to the atmosphere is expected to reduce surface seawater pH to 7.8 by the end of this century compromising marine …             Enhancement of human sodium iodide symporter gene therapy for breast cancer by HDAC inhibitor mediated transcriptional modulation ▶     Madhura G. Kelkar, Kalimuthu Senthilkumar, Smita Jadhav et al.     The aberrant expression of human sodium iodide symporter (NIS) in breast cancer (BC) has raised the possibility of using targeted radioiodide therapy. Here we investigate …             A gigantic new dinosaur from Argentina and the evolution of the sauropod hind foot ▶     Bernardo J. González Riga, Matthew C. Lamanna, Leonardo D. Ortiz David et al.     Titanosauria is an exceptionally diverse, globally-distributed clade of sauropod dinosaurs that includes the largest known land animals. Knowledge of titanosaurian pedal …             Isolation of highly enriched primary human microglia for functional studies ▶     Justin Rustenhoven, Thomas I-H Park, Patrick Schweder et al.     Microglia, the resident macrophages of the central nervous system play vital roles in brain homeostasis through clearance of pathogenic material. Microglia are also implicated in …             An integrated Pan-European perspective on coastal Lagoons management through a mosaic-DPSIR approach ▶     Marina Dolbeth, Per Stålnacke, Fátima L. Alves et al.     A decision support framework for the management of lagoon ecosystems was tested using four European Lagoons: Ria de Aveiro (Portugal), Mar Menor (Spain), Tyligulskyi Liman (Uk…             Role of Carbonyl Modifications on Aging-Associated Protein Aggregation ▶     Maya Tanase, Aleksandra M. Urbanska, Valerio Zolla et al.     Protein aggregation is a common biological phenomenon, observed in different physiological and pathological conditions. Decreased protein solubility and a tendency to aggregate …             NRF2 Is a Key Target for Prevention of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss by Reducing Oxidative Damage of Cochlea ▶     Yohei Honkura, Hirotaka Matsuo, Shohei Murakami et al.     Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is one of the most common sensorineural hearing deficits. Recent studies have demonstrated that the pathogenesis of NIHL is closely related to …             Effect of spatial constraints on Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ▶     Yi-Shin Chen, Yi-Cheng Su, Wei Pan     Panmixia is a key issue in maintaining genetic diversity, which facilitates evolutionary potential during environmental changes. Additionally, conservation biologists suggest the …             Soil microbial responses to forest floor litter manipulation and nitrogen addition in a mixed-wood forest of northern China ▶     Xiao-Lu Sun, Jing Zhao, Ye-Ming You et al.     Changes in litterfall dynamics and soil properties due to anthropogenic or natural perturbations have important implications to soil carbon (C) and nutrient cycling via microbial …             Identification of a novel family of carbohydrate-binding modules with broad ligand specificity ▶     Cheng-Jie Duan, Yu-Liang Feng, Qi-Long Cao et al.     Most enzymes that act on carbohydrates include non-catalytic carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) that recognize and target carbohydrates. CBMs bring their appended catalytic …             An in vitro reproduction of stress-induced memory defects: Effects of corticoids on dendritic spine dynamics ▶     Shinichi Saito, Satoshi Kimura, Naoki Adachi et al.     Previously, in organotypic slice culture of rodent hippocampus we found that three repeated inductions of LTP, but not a single induction, led to a slow-developing long-lasting …             Single-Cell Electrical Phenotyping Enabling the Classification of Mouse Tumor Samples ▶     Yang Zhao, Mei Jiang, Deyong Chen et al.     Single-cell electrical phenotyping (e.g., specific membrane capacitance (Cm) and cytoplasm conductivity (σp)) has long been regarded as potential label-free biophysical markers …             Calcium-chelating alizarin and other anthraquinones inhibit biofilm formation and the hemolytic activity of Staphylococcus aureus ▶     Jin-Hyung Lee, Yong-Guy Kim, Shi Yong Ryu et al.     Staphylococcal biofilms are problematic and play a critical role in the persistence of chronic infections because of their abilities to tolerate antimicrobial agents. Thus, the …             Novel Methods of Determining Urinary Calculi Composition: Petrographic Thin Sectioning of Calculi and Nanoscale Flow Cytometry Urinalysis ▶     Carson T Gavin, Sohrab N Ali, Thomas Tailly et al.     Accurate determination of urinary stone composition has significant bearing on understanding pathophysiology, choosing treatment modalities and preventing recurrence. A need …             An early Oligocene fossil demonstrates treeshrews are slowly evolving “living fossils” ▶     Qiang Li, Xijun Ni     Treeshrews are widely considered a “living model” of an ancestral primate, and have long been called “living fossils”. Actual fossils of treeshrews, however, are extremely rare. …             Purification and Partial Characterization of a Novel Bacteriocin Synthesized by Lactobacillus paracasei HD1-7 Isolated from Chinese Sauerkraut Juice ▶     Jingping Ge, Yanyang Sun, Xing Xin et al.     Bacteriocins have antimicrobial activities against food-spoiling bacteria and food-borne pathogens. Paracin 1.7, a bacteriocin synthesized by Lactobacillus paracasei HD1-7 …             Endocytic function is critical for influenza A virus infection via DC-SIGN and L-SIGN ▶     Leah Gillespie, Paula Roosendahl, Wy Ching Ng et al.     The ubiquitous presence of cell-surface sialic acid (SIA) has complicated efforts to identify specific transmembrane glycoproteins that function as bone fide entry receptors for …             Cysteine Dioxygenase Type 1 Inhibits Osteogenesis by Regulating Wnt Signaling in Primary Mouse Bone Marrow Stromal Cells ▶     Xuefeng Zhao, Peng Deng, Jie Feng et al.     Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells, which can give rise to variety of cell types, including adipocytes and osteoblasts. Previously, we have shown that cysteine …             Enhanced OCT4 transcriptional activity substitutes for exogenous SOX2 in cellular reprogramming ▶     Adele G. Marthaler, Kenjiro Adachi, Ulf Tiemann et al.     Adenoviral early region 1A (E1A) is a viral gene that can promote cellular proliferation and de-differentiation in mammalian cells, features required for the reprogramming of …             Alterations of the volatile metabolome in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease ▶     Bruce A. Kimball, Donald A. Wilson, Daniel W. Wesson     In the present study, we tested whether the volatile metabolome was altered by mutations of the Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-implicated amyloid precursor protein gene (APP) and …             The parasitic worm-derived immunomodulator, ES-62 and its drug-like small molecule analogues exhibit therapeutic potential in a model of chronic asthma ▶     J. C. Coltherd, D. T. Rodgers, R. E. Lawrie et al.     Chronic asthma is associated with persistent lung inflammation and long-term remodelling of the airways that have proved refractory to conventional treatments such as steroids, …             Evolutionary Footprints of Short Tandem Repeats in Avian Promoters ▶     Hideaki Abe, Neil J. Gemmell     Short tandem repeats (STRs) or microsatellites are well-known sequence elements that may change the spacing between transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) in promoter regions …             Comparative transcriptome and metabolome provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of accelerated senescence in litchi fruit after cold storage ▶     Ze Yun, Hongxia Qu, Hui Wang et al.     Litchi is a non-climacteric subtropical fruit of high commercial value. The shelf life of litchi fruit under ambient conditions (AC) is approximately 4–6 days. Post-harvest cold …             Regulation of Asymmetric Division by Atypical Protein Kinase C Influences Early Specification of CD8+ T Lymphocyte Fates ▶     Patrick J. Metz, Justine Lopez, Stephanie H. Kim et al.     Naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes responding to microbial pathogens give rise to effector T cells that provide acute defense and memory T cells that provide long-lived immunity. Upon …             Experimental Model for Successful Liver Cell Therapy by Lenti TTR-YapERT2 Transduced Hepatocytes with Tamoxifen Control of Yap Subcellular Location ▶     Mladen Yovchev, Fadi L. Jaber, Zhonglei Lu et al.     Liver repopulation by transplanted hepatocytes has not been achieved previously in a normal liver microenvironment. Here we report that adult rat hepatocytes transduced ex vivo …             Wnt9a deficiency discloses a repressive role of Tcf7l2 on endocrine differentiation in the embryonic pancreas ▶     G. Pujadas, S. Cervantes, A. Tutusaus et al.     Transcriptional and signaling networks establish complex cross-regulatory interactions that drive cellular differentiation during development. Using microarrays we identified the …             Focal Adhesion Kinase Regulates Fibroblast Migration via Integrin beta-1 and Plays a Central Role in Fibrosis ▶     Xue-Ke Zhao, Yiju Cheng, Ming Liang Cheng et al.     Lung fibrosis is a major medical problem for the aging population worldwide. Fibroblast migration plays an important role in fibrosis. Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) senses the …             Radiation-induced alternative transcription and splicing events and their applicability to practical biodosimetry ▶     Ellina Macaeva, Yvan Saeys, Kevin Tabury et al.     Accurate assessment of the individual exposure dose based on easily accessible samples (e.g. blood) immediately following a radiological accident is crucial. We aimed at …             Whole mitochondrial DNA sequencing in Alpine populations and the genetic history of the Neolithic Tyrolean Iceman ▶     V. Coia, G. Cipollini, P. Anagnostou et al.     The Tyrolean Iceman is an extraordinarily well-preserved natural mummy that lived south of the Alpine ridge ~5,200 years before present (ybp), during the Copper Age. Despite …             Transcriptome responses in alfalfa associated with tolerance to intensive animal grazing ▶     Junjie Wang, Yan Zhao, Ian Ray et al.     Tolerance of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to animal grazing varies widely within the species. However, the molecular mechanisms influencing the grazing tolerant phenotype remain …             DNA supercoiling, a critical signal regulating the basal expression of the lac operon in Escherichia coli ▶     Geraldine Fulcrand, Samantha Dages, Xiaoduo Zhi et al.     Escherichia coli lac repressor (LacI) is a paradigmatic transcriptional factor that controls the expression of lacZYA in the lac operon. This tetrameric protein specifically …             Phytoliths reveal the earliest fine reedy textile in China at the Tianluoshan site ▶     Jianping Zhang, Houyuan Lu, Guoping Sun et al.     Textiles are among the longest and most widespread technologies in human history, although poor preservation of perishable artifacts in Paleolithic and Neolithic contexts makes …             The effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on contrast sensitivity and visual evoked potential amplitude in adults with amblyopia ▶     Zhaofeng Ding, Jinrong Li, Daniel P. Spiegel et al.     Amblyopia is a neurodevelopmental disorder of vision that occurs when the visual cortex receives decorrelated inputs from the two eyes during an early critical period of …             A Search for Blood Biomarkers for Autism: Peptoids ▶     Sayed Zaman, Umar Yazdani, Yan Deng et al.     Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, and restricted, repetitive patterns of …             Architecture and Function of Mechanosensitive Membrane Protein Lattices ▶     Osman Kahraman, Peter D. Koch, William S. Klug et al.     Experiments have revealed that membrane proteins can form two-dimensional clusters with regular translational and orientational protein arrangements, which may allow cells to …             Modular structure of brain functional networks: breaking the resolution limit by Surprise ▶     Carlo Nicolini, Angelo Bifone     The modular organization of brain networks has been widely investigated using graph theoretical approaches. Recently, it has been demonstrated that graph partitioning methods …             Bioactivity of periodontal ligament stem cells on sodium titanate coated with graphene oxide ▶     Qi Zhou, Pishan Yang, Xianlei Li et al.     As a biocompatible and low cytotoxic nanomaterial, graphene oxide (GO) has captured tremendous interests in tissue engineering. However, little is known about the behavior of …             Benchmarking Deep Networks for Predicting Residue-Specific Quality of Individual Protein Models in CASP11 ▶     Tong Liu, Yiheng Wang, Jesse Eickholt et al.     Quality assessment of a protein model is to predict the absolute or relative quality of a protein model using computational methods before the native structure is available. …             Geographic origin and evolutionary history of China’s two predominant HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC ▶     Yi Feng, Yutaka Takebe, Huamian Wei et al.     To determine the origin and evolutionary history of two predominant and closely-related circulating recombinant forms (CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC), recombinant structures and …             Combinatorial Treatment with Apelin-13 Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of a Preconditioned Cell-Based Therapy for Peripheral Ischemia ▶     Makoto Samura, Noriyasu Morikage, Kotaro Suehiro et al.     Hypoxic pretreatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) enhances therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic tissues after cell transplantation. However, newly formed …             METTL13 is downregulated in bladder carcinoma and suppresses cell proliferation, migration and invasion ▶     Zhe Zhang, Guojun Zhang, Chuize Kong et al.     The incidence of bladder cancer has increased in the last few decades, thus novel markers for early diagnosis and more efficacious treatment are urgently needed. It found that …             Endogenous sulfur dioxide alleviates collagen remodeling via inhibiting TGF-β/Smad pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells ▶     Yaqian Huang, Zhizhou Shen, Qinghua Chen et al.     The study was designed to investigate the role of endogenous sulfur dioxide (SO2) in collagen remodeling and its mechanisms in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). …             Larval cases of caddisfly (Insecta: Trichoptera) affinity in Early Permian marine environments of Gondwana ▶     Lucas D. Mouro, Michał Zatoń, Antonio C.S. Fernandes et al.     Caddisflies (Trichoptera) are small, cosmopolitan insects closely related to the Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). Most caddisflies construct protective cases during their …             The relationship of spectral sensitivity with growth and reproductive response in avian breeders (Gallus gallus) ▶     Ye-Feng Yang, Jing-Song Jiang, Jin-Ming Pan et al.     A previous study demonstrated that birds that are exposed to light at night develop advanced reproductive systems. However, spectrum might also affect the photoperiodic response …             Lack of effects on key cellular parameters of MRC-5 human lung fibroblasts exposed to 370 mT static magnetic field ▶     Stefania Romeo, Anna Sannino, Maria Rosaria Scarfì et al.     The last decades have seen increased interest toward possible adverse effects arising from exposure to intense static magnetic fields. This concern is mainly due to the wider and …             Endothelial Cords Promote Tumor Initial Growth prior to Vascular Function through a Paracrine Mechanism ▶     Chengjian Zhao, Wei Zhang, Yuwei Zhao et al.     The angiogenic switch is an important oncogenic step that determines whether microtumors remain dormant or progresses further. It has been generally perceived that the primary …             Endogenous IL-6 of mesenchymal stem cell improves behavioral outcome of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage neonatal rats by supressing apoptosis in astrocyte ▶     Yan Gu, Mulan He, Xiaoqin Zhou et al.     Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation reduces the neurological impairment caused by hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) via immunomodulation. In the current study, we …             PCB pollution continues to impact populations of orcas and other dolphins in European waters ▶     Paul D. Jepson, Rob Deaville, Jonathan L. Barber et al.     Organochlorine (OC) pesticides and the more persistent polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have well-established dose-dependent toxicities to birds, fish and mammals in experimental …             DNA co-methylation modules in postmortem prefrontal cortex tissues of European Australians with alcohol use disorders ▶     Fan Wang, Hongqin Xu, Hongyu Zhao et al.     DNA methylome alterations in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) may contribute to risk for alcohol use disorders (AUDs). We examined postmortem PFC DNA methylomes of 16 male and seven …             Ruthenium(II) Complexes with 2-Phenylimidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Derivatives that Strongly Combat Cisplatin-Resistant Tumor Cells ▶     Leli Zeng, Yu Chen, Jiangping Liu et al.     Cisplatin was the first metal-based therapeutic agent approved for the treatment of human cancers, but its clinical activity is greatly limited by tumor drug resistance. This …             Texture analysis in gel electrophoresis images using an integrative kernel-based approach ▶     Carlos Fernandez-Lozano, Jose A. Seoane, Marcos Gestal et al.     Texture information could be used in proteomics to improve the quality of the image analysis of proteins separated on a gel. In order to evaluate the best technique to identify …             Visual attention modulates the asymmetric influence of each cerebral hemisphere on spatial perception ▶     Meijian Wang, Xiuhai Wang, Lingyan Xue et al.     Although the allocation of brain functions across the two cerebral hemispheres has aroused public interest over the past century, asymmetric interhemispheric cooperation under …             The trade-off between heat tolerance and metabolic cost drives the bimodal life strategy at the air-water interface ▶     Marco Fusi, Stefano Cannicci, Daniele Daffonchio et al.     The principle of oxygen and capacity limitation of thermal tolerance in ectotherms suggests that the long-term upper limits of an organism's thermal niche are equivalent to the …             α-Synuclein and huntingtin exon 1 amyloid fibrils bind laterally to the cellular membrane ▶     Elodie Monsellier, Luc Bousset, Ronald Melki     Fibrillar aggregates involved in neurodegenerative diseases have the ability to spread from one cell to another in a prion-like manner. The underlying molecular mechanisms, in …             Pterisolic Acid B is a Nrf2 Activator by Targeting C171 within Keap1-BTB Domain ▶     Ting Dong, Weilong Liu, Zhirong Shen et al.     The use of chemoprotective agents to minimize the side effects of the chemotherapy, primarily via activation of the Nrf2 pathway, is an emerging research field, which has …             Vitamin D status predicts reproductive fitness in a wild sheep population ▶     Ian Handel, Kathryn A. Watt, Jill G. Pilkington et al.     Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the development of many human diseases, and with poor reproductive performance in laboratory rodents. We currently have no idea how …             Quantification of the Metabolic State in Cell-Model of Parkinson’s Disease by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy ▶     Sandeep Chakraborty, Fang-Shin Nian, Jin-Wu Tsai et al.     Intracellular endogenous fluorescent co-enzymes, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), play a pivotal role in cellular …             Genetic affinities of the Jewish populations of India ▶     Gyaneshwer Chaubey, Manvendra Singh, Niraj Rai et al.     Due to the lack of written records or inscription, the origin and affiliation of Indian Jewish populations with other world populations remain contentious. Previous genetic …             Sublethal Dosage of Imidacloprid Reduces the Microglomerular Density of Honey Bee Mushroom Bodies ▶     Yi-Chan Peng, En-Cheng Yang     The dramatic loss of honey bees is a major concern worldwide. Previous studies have indicated that neonicotinoid insecticides cause behavioural abnormalities and have proven that …             Ectopic expression of R3 MYB transcription factor gene OsTCL1 in Arabidopsis, but not rice, affects trichome and root hair formation ▶     Kaijie Zheng, Hainan Tian, Qingnan Hu et al.     In Arabidopsis, a MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) transcriptional activator complex activates the homeodomain protein gene GLABRA2 (GL2), leading to the promotion of trichome formation and …             Endothelial cell dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy in the STOX1 model of preeclampsia ▶     Aurélien Ducat, Ludivine Doridot, Rosamaria Calicchio et al.     Preeclampsia is a disease of pregnancy involving systemic endothelial dysfunction. However, cardiovascular consequences of preeclampsia are difficult to analyze in humans. The …             Genomic investigation reveals evolution and lifestyle adaptation of endophytic Staphylococcus epidermidis ▶     Vasvi Chaudhry, Prabhu B. Patil     Staphylococcus epidermidis is a major human associated bacterium and also an emerging nosocomial pathogen. There are reports of its association to rodents, sheep and plants. …             Bacterial flagellar motility on hydrated rough surfaces controlled by aqueous film thickness and connectedness ▶     Robin Tecon, Dani Or     Recent studies have shown that rates of bacterial dispersion in soils are controlled by hydration conditions that define size and connectivity of the retained aqueous phase. …             Bispecific Antibody Affords Complete Post-Exposure Protection of Mice from Both Ebola (Zaire) and Sudan Viruses ▶     Julia C. Frei, Elisabeth K. Nyakatura, Samantha E. Zak et al.     Filoviruses (Ebola and Marburg) cause severe hemorrhagic fever. There are five species of ebolavirus; among these, the Ebola (Zaire) and Sudan viruses (EBOV and SUDV, …             Psmir: a database of potential associations between small molecules and miRNAs ▶     Fanlin Meng, Jing Wang, Enyu Dai et al.     miRNAs are key post-transcriptional regulators of many essential biological processes, and their dysregulation has been validated in almost all human cancers. Restoring …             An efficient full-length cDNA amplification strategy based on bioinformatics technology and multiplexed PCR methods ▶     Nan Chen, Wei-Min Wang, Huan-Ling Wang     A novel strategy for amplification full-length cDNA and promoter sequences has been developed using bioinformatics technology and multiplexed PCR methods in this study. The …             Transcriptome analyses reveal genotype- and developmental stage-specific molecular responses to drought and salinity stresses in chickpea ▶     Rohini Garg, Rama Shankar, Bijal Thakkar et al.     Drought and salinity are the major factors that limit chickpea production worldwide. We performed whole transcriptome analyses of chickpea genotypes to investigate the molecular …             Host-associated coral reef microbes respond to the cumulative pressures of ocean warming and ocean acidification ▶     N. S. Webster, A. P. Negri, E. S. Botté et al.     Key calcifying reef taxa are currently threatened by thermal stress associated with elevated sea surface temperatures (SST) and reduced calcification linked to ocean …             PCNA appears in two populations of slow and fast diffusion with a constant ratio throughout S-phase in replicating mammalian cells ▶     Patrick J. M. Zessin, Anje Sporbert, Mike Heilemann     DNA replication is a fundamental cellular process that precedes cell division. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is a central scaffold protein that orchestrates DNA …             Attentional biases to faces expressing disgust in children with autism spectrum disorders: an exploratory study ▶     Xin Zhao, Peng Zhang, Li Fu et al.     Previous studies on attentional bias towards emotional faces in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) provided mixed results. This might be due to differences in the …             Performances of survival, feeding behavior, and gene expression in aphids reveal their different fitness to host alteration ▶     Hong Lu, Pengcheng Yang, Yongyu Xu et al.     Insect populations feeding on different plant species are under selection pressure to adapt to these differences. A study integrating elements of the ecology, behavior, and gene …             Establishment of a novel in vitro model of stratified epithelial wound healing with barrier function ▶     Miguel Gonzalez-Andrades, Luis Alonso-Pastor, Jérôme Mauris et al.     The repair of wounds through collective movement of epithelial cells is a fundamental process in multicellular organisms. In stratified epithelia such as the cornea and skin, …             Assessing the toxicity of Pb- and Sn-based perovskite solar cells in model organism Danio rerio ▶     Aslihan Babayigit, Dinh Duy Thanh, Anitha Ethirajan et al.     Intensive development of organometal halide perovskite solar cells has lead to a dramatic surge in power conversion efficiency up to 20%. Unfortunately, the most efficient …             Microbial community profiling shows dysbiosis in the lesional skin of Vitiligo subjects ▶     Parul Ganju, Sunil Nagpal, MH Mohammed et al.     Healthy human skin harbours a diverse array of microbes that comprise the skin microbiome. Commensal bacteria constitute an important component of resident microbiome and are …             A Signaling Lipid Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease Promotes Mitochondrial Dysfunction ▶     Michael A. Kennedy, Tia C. Moffat, Kenneth Gable et al.     Fundamental changes in the composition and distribution of lipids within the brain are believed to contribute to the cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). …             Evaluating and excluding swap errors in analogue tests of working memory ▶     Paul M Bays     When observers retrieve simple visual features from working memory, two kinds of error are typically confounded in their recall. First, responses reflect noise or variability …             Molecular markers for tolerance of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) to dieback disease identified using Associative Transcriptomics ▶     Andrea L. Harper, Lea Vig McKinney, Lene Rostgaard Nielsen et al.     Tree disease epidemics are a global problem, impacting food security, biodiversity and national economies. The potential for conservation and breeding in trees is hampered by …             Scalable topographies to support proliferation and Oct4 expression by human induced pluripotent stem cells ▶     Andreas Reimer, Aliaksei Vasilevich, Frits Hulshof et al.     It is well established that topographical features modulate cell behaviour, including cell morphology, proliferation and differentiation. To define the effects of topography on …             DNA methylation is critical for tooth agenesis: implications for sporadic non-syndromic anodontia and hypodontia ▶     Jing Wang, Ke Sun, Yun Shen et al.     Hypodontia is caused by interactions among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors during tooth development, but the actual mechanism is unknown. DNA methylation now …             Direct molecular mimicry enables off-target cardiovascular toxicity by an enhanced affinity TCR designed for cancer immunotherapy ▶     Marine C C Raman, Pierre J Rizkallah, Ruth Simmons et al.     Natural T-cell responses generally lack the potency to eradicate cancer. Enhanced affinity T-cell receptors (TCRs) provide an ideal approach to target cancer cells, with emerging …             Stochastic expression of a multiple antibiotic resistance activator confers transient resistance in single cells ▶     Imane El Meouche, Yik Siu, Mary J. Dunlop     Transient resistance can allow microorganisms to temporarily survive lethal concentrations of antibiotics. This can be accomplished through stochastic mechanisms, where …             Selective Audiovisual Semantic Integration Enabled by Feature-Selective Attention ▶     Yuanqing Li, Jinyi Long, Biao Huang et al.     An audiovisual object may contain multiple semantic features, such as the gender and emotional features of the speaker. Feature-selective attention and audiovisual semantic …             Interaction of RNA with a C-terminal fragment of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated TDP43 reduces cytotoxicity ▶     Akira Kitamura, Yusaku Nakayama, Ai Shibasaki et al.     A hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a devastating neurodegenerative disease, is formation of inclusion bodies (IBs) from misfolded proteins in neuronal cells. TAR …             Down regulated lncRNA MEG3 eliminates mycobacteria in macrophages via autophagy ▶     Kamlesh Pawar, Carlos Hanisch, Sergio Eliseo Palma Vera et al.     Small non-coding RNA play a major part in host response to bacterial agents. However, the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in this context remains unknown. LncRNA regulate …             Uncoupling shear and uniaxial elastic moduli of semiflexible biopolymer networks: compression-softening and stretch-stiffening ▶     Anne S. G. van Oosten, Mahsa Vahabi, Albert J. Licup et al.     Gels formed by semiflexible filaments such as most biopolymers exhibit non-linear behavior in their response to shear deformation, e.g., with a pronounced strain stiffening and …             SALO, a novel classical pathway complement inhibitor from saliva of the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis ▶     Viviana P. Ferreira, Vladimir Fazito Vale, Michael K. Pangburn et al.     Blood-feeding insects inject potent salivary components including complement inhibitors into their host’s skin to acquire a blood meal. Sand fly saliva was shown to inhibit the …             Abnormally activated one-carbon metabolic pathway is associated with mtDNA hypermethylation and mitochondrial malfunction in the oocytes of polycystic gilt ovaries ▶     Longfei Jia, Juan Li, Bin He et al.     Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and polycystic ovaries (PCO) usually produce oocytes of poor quality. However, the intracellular …             Productive Entry of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus via Macropinocytosis Independent of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase ▶     Shi-Chong Han, Hui-Chen Guo, Shi-Qi Sun et al.     Virus entry is an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Here, using a combination of electron microscopy, immunofluorescence assay, siRNA interference, specific …             Venturing in coral larval chimerism: a compact functional domain with fostered genotypic diversity ▶     Baruch Rinkevich, Lee Shaish, Jacob Douek et al.     The globally distributed coral species Pocillopora damicornis is known to release either sexual or asexual derived planula-larvae in various reef locations. Using microsatellite …             Large molecular systems landscape uncovers T cell trapping in human skin cancer ▶     Reyk Hillert, Anne Gieseler, Andreas Krusche et al.     Immune surveillance of tumour cells is an important function of CD8 T lymphocytes, which has failed in cancer for reasons still unknown in many respect but mainly related to …             An innovative platform for quick and flexible joining of assorted DNA fragments ▶     Henrique Cestari De Paoli, Gerald A. Tuskan, Xiaohan Yang     Successful synthetic biology efforts rely on conceptual and experimental designs in combination with testing of multi-gene constructs. Despite recent progresses, several …             FAS rs2234767 and rs1800682 polymorphisms jointly contributed to risk of colorectal cancer by affecting SP1/STAT1 complex recruitment to chromatin ▶     Shizhi Wang, Shenshen Wu, Qingtao Meng et al.     FAS rs2234767 (−1377 G>A), rs1800682 (−670 A>G) and FASLG rs763110 (−844 C>T) promoter polymorphisms can influence transcriptional activities of the genes and thus multiple …             Remote and reversible inhibition of neurons and circuits by small molecule induced potassium channel stabilization ▶     Eva Auffenberg, Angela Jurik, Corinna Mattusch et al.     Manipulating the function of neurons and circuits that translate electrical and chemical signals into behavior represents a major challenges in neuroscience. In addition to …             Polysaccharide-based Noncovalent Assembly for Targeted Delivery of Taxol ▶     Yang Yang, Ying-Ming Zhang, Yong Chen et al.     The construction of synthetic straightforward, biocompatible and biodegradable targeted drug delivery system with fluorescent tracking abilities, high anticancer activities and …             Support for the Microgenderome: Associations in a Human Clinical Population ▶     Amy Wallis, Henry Butt, Michelle Ball et al.     The ‘microgenderome’ provides a paradigm shift that highlights the role of sex differences in the host-microbiota interaction relevant for autoimmune and neuro-immune conditions. …             Levels of maternal care in dogs affect adult offspring temperament ▶     Pernilla Foyer, Erik Wilsson, Per Jensen     Dog puppies are born in a state of large neural immaturity; therefore, the nervous system is sensitive to environmental influences early in life. In primates and rodents, early …             Metabolic traits of an uncultured archaeal lineage -MSBL1- from brine pools of the Red Sea ▶     Romano Mwirichia, Intikhab Alam, Mamoon Rashid et al.     The candidate Division MSBL1 (Mediterranean Sea Brine Lakes 1) comprises a monophyletic group of uncultured archaea found in different hypersaline environments. Previous studies …             Quantitative analysis of intrinsic and extrinsic factors in the aggregation mechanism of Alzheimer-associated Aβ-peptide ▶     Georg Meisl, Xiaoting Yang, Birgitta Frohm et al.     Disease related mutations and environmental factors are key determinants of the aggregation mechanism of the amyloid-β peptide implicated in Alzheimer's disease. Here we present …             Functional properties of flagellin as a stimulator of innate immunity ▶     Yuan Lu, James R. Swartz     We report the development of a well-defined flagellin-based nanoparticle stimulator and also provide a new mechanism of action model explaining how flagellin-triggered innate …             Characterization of the interactions of PARP-1 with UV-damaged DNA in vivo and in vitro ▶     Nupur K. Purohit, Mihaela Robu, Rashmi G. Shah et al.     The existing methodologies for studying robust responses of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) to DNA damage with strand breaks are often not suitable for examining its …             Flavone synthases from Lonicera japonica and L. macranthoides reveal differential flavone accumulation ▶     Jie Wu, Xiao-Chen Wang, Yang Liu et al.     Flavones are important secondary metabolites found in many plants. In Lonicera species, flavones contribute both physiological and pharmaceutical properties. However, flavone …             iMiRNA-SSF: Improving the Identification of MicroRNA Precursors by Combining Negative Sets with Different Distributions ▶     Junjie Chen, Xiaolong Wang, Bin Liu     The identification of microRNA precursors (pre-miRNAs) helps in understanding regulator in biological processes. The performance of computational predictors depends on their …             Common features in the unfolding and misfolding of PDZ domains and beyond: the modulatory effect of domain swapping and extra-elements ▶     Javier Murciano-Calles, Jofre Güell-Bosch, Sandra Villegas et al.     PDZ domains are protein-protein interaction modules sharing the same structural arrangement. To discern whether they display common features in their unfolding/misfolding …             Corrigendum: Robustness and period sensitivity analysis of minimal models for biochemical oscillators ▶     Angélica Caicedo-Casso, Hye-Won Kang, Sookkyung Lim et al.                 Dissecting the influence of Neolithic demic diffusion on Indian Y-chromosome pool through J2-M172 haplogroup ▶     Sakshi Singh, Ashish Singh, Raja Rajkumar et al.     The global distribution of J2-M172 sub-haplogroups has been associated with Neolithic demic diffusion. Two branches of J2-M172, J2a-M410 and J2b-M102 make a considerable part of …             Mechanism of 2,3-butanediol stereoisomers formation in a newly isolated Serratia sp. T241 ▶     Liaoyuan Zhang, Zewang Guo, Jiebo Chen et al.     Serratia sp. T241, a newly isolated xylose-utilizing strain, produced three 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) stereoisomers. In this study, three 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenases (BDH1-3) and …             Astrocyte-derived adenosine is central to the hypnogenic effect of glucose ▶     Emeric Scharbarg, Marion Daenens, Frédéric Lemaître et al.     Sleep has been hypothesised to maintain a close relationship with metabolism. Here we focus on the brain structure that triggers slow-wave sleep, the ventrolateral preoptic …             DNA duplication is essential for the repair of gastrointestinal perforation in the insect midgut ▶     Wuren Huang, Jie Zhang, Bing Yang et al.     Invertebrate animals have the capacity of repairing wounds in the skin and gut via different mechanisms. Gastrointestinal perforation, a hole in the human gastrointestinal …             Evaluation of the 2b-RAD method for genomic selection in scallop breeding ▶     Jinzhuang Dou, Xue Li, Qiang Fu et al.     The recently developed 2b-restriction site-associated DNA (2b-RAD) sequencing method provides a cost-effective and flexible genotyping platform for aquaculture species lacking …             Computational screen and experimental validation of anti-influenza effects of quercetin and chlorogenic acid from traditional Chinese medicine ▶     Zekun Liu, Junpeng Zhao, Weichen Li et al.     The Influenza A virus is a great threat for human health, while various subtypes of the virus made it difficult to develop drugs. With the development of state-of-art …             Surfactant-associated bacteria in the near-surface layer of the ocean ▶     Naoko Kurata, Kate Vella, Bryan Hamilton et al.     Certain marine bacteria found in the near-surface layer of the ocean are expected to play important roles in the production and decay of surface active materials; however, the …             Characterization and putative post-translational regulation of α- and β-tubulin gene families in Salix arbutifolia ▶     Guodong Rao, Yanfei Zeng, Caiyun He et al.     Microtubules, which are composed of heterodimers of α-tubulin (TUA) and β-tubulin (TUB) proteins, are closely associated with cellulose microfibril deposition and play pivotal …             Presynaptic GABAB receptors reduce transmission at parabrachial synapses in the lateral central amygdala by inhibiting N-type calcium channels ▶     A.J. Delaney, J.W. Crane     The nocioceptive information carried by neurons of the pontine parabrachial nucleus to neurons of the lateral division of the central amydala (CeA-L) is thought to contribute to …             Invariant community structure of soil bacteria in subtropical coniferous and broadleaved forests ▶     Xiaoli Wang, Xiaoling Wang, Weixin Zhang et al.     Soil bacteria may be influenced by vegetation and play important roles in global carbon efflux and nutrient cycling under global changes. Coniferous and broadleaved forests are …             TRIM25 blockade by RNA interference inhibited migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells through TGF-β signaling ▶     Zhenya Zhu, Yong Wang, Chunhui Zhang et al.     Tripartite Motif Containing 25 (TRIM25), a member of TRIM proteins, has been found abnormally expressed in cancers of female reproductive system. Here, TRIM25 was conspicuously …             miR-133 regulates Evi1 expression in AML cells as a potential therapeutic target ▶     Haruna Yamamoto, Jun Lu, Shigeyoshi Oba et al.     The Ecotropic viral integration site 1 (Evi1) is a zinc finger transcription factor, which is located on chromosome 3q26, over-expression in some acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and …             Construction of a subunit-fusion nitrile hydratase and discovery of an innovative metal ion transfer pattern ▶     Yuanyuan Xia, Wenjing Cui, Zhongmei Liu et al.     Metallochaperones are metal-binding proteins designed to deliver the appropriate metal to a target protein. The metal is usually transferred between different proteins. In this …             Computational analysis of prolyl hydroxylase domain-containing protein 2 (PHD2) mutations promoting polycythemia insurgence in humans ▶     Giovanni Minervini, Federica Quaglia, Silvio CE Tosatto     Idiopathic erythrocytosis is a rare disease characterized by an increase in red blood cell mass due to mutations in proteins of the oxygen-sensing pathway, such as prolyl …             Strongly-motivated positive affects induce faster responses to local than global information of visual stimuli: an approach using large-size Navon letters ▶     Yasuki Noguchi, Kouta Tomoike     Recent studies argue that strongly-motivated positive emotions (e.g. desire) narrow a scope of attention. This argument is mainly based on an observation that, while humans …             In vivo characterization of early-stage radiation skin injury in a mouse model by two-photon microscopy ▶     Won Hyuk Jang, Sehwan Shim, Taejun Wang et al.     Ionizing radiation (IR) injury is tissue damage caused by high energy electromagnetic waves such as X-ray and gamma ray. Diagnosis and treatment of IR injury are difficult due to …             Antitumor Activity of cGAMP via Stimulation of cGAS-cGAMP-STING-IRF3 Mediated Innate Immune Response ▶     Tiejun Li, Hao Cheng, Hong Yuan et al.     Immunotherapy is one of the key strategies for cancer treatment. The cGAS-cGAMP-STING-IRF3 pathway of cytosolic DNA sensing plays a pivotal role in antiviral defense. We report …             Conformation-controlled binding kinetics of antibodies ▶     Marta Galanti, Duccio Fanelli, Francesco Piazza     Antibodies are large, extremely flexible molecules, whose internal dynamics is certainly key to their astounding ability to bind antigens of all sizes, from small hormones to …             Systematic Analysis of Sex-Linked Molecular Alterations and Therapies in Cancer ▶     Jonathan Ma, Sadhika Malladi, Andrew H Beck     Though patient sex influences response to cancer treatments, little is known of the molecular causes, and cancer therapies are generally given irrespective of patient sex. We …             Exogenous avian leukosis virus-induced activation of the ERK/AP1 pathway is required for virus replication and correlates with virus-induced tumorigenesis ▶     Manman Dai, Min Feng, Yu Ye et al.     A proteomics approach was used to reveal the up-regulated proteins involved in the targeted mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signal transduction pathway in DF-1 cells …             APN1 is a functional receptor of Cry1Ac but not Cry2Ab in Helicoverpa zea ▶     Jizhen Wei, Min Zhang, Gemei Liang et al.     Lepidopteran midgut aminopeptidases N (APNs) are phylogenetically divided into eight clusters, designated as APN1–8. Although APN1 has been implicated as one of the receptors for …             Cryopreservation of the gorgonian endosymbiont Symbiodinium ▶     Gabriella Chong, Sujune Tsai, Li-Hsueh Wang et al.     The study focused on finding a suitable cryoprotectant (CPA) and an optimum freezing protocol for the cryopreservation of the endosymbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium, clade …             Signaling through NOD-2 and TLR-4 Bolsters the T cell Priming Capability of Dendritic cells by Inducing Autophagy ▶     Nargis Khan, Aurobind Vidyarthi, Susanta Pahari et al.     T cells play a cardinal role in mediating protection against intracellular pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). It is important to understand the factors that govern …             Corrigendum: Tea polyphenols as an antivirulence compound Disrupt Quorum-Sensing Regulated Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ▶     Hongping Yin, Yifeng Deng, Huafu Wang et al.                 The Ebola Virus matrix protein, VP40, requires phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) for extensive oligomerization at the plasma membrane and viral egress ▶     Kristen A. Johnson, Geoffrey J. F. Taghon, Jordan L. Scott et al.     VP40 is one of eight proteins encoded by the Ebola Virus (EBOV) and serves as the primary matrix protein, forming virus like particles (VLPs) from mammalian cells without the …             A Viral mRNA Motif at the 3′-Untranslated Region that Confers Translatability in a Cell-Specific Manner. Implications for Virus Evolution ▶     Manuel Garcia-Moreno, Miguel Angel Sanz, Luis Carrasco     Sindbis virus (SINV) mRNAs contain several motifs that participate in the regulation of their translation. We have discovered a motif at the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of viral …             A Novel Naturally Occurring Class I 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase from Janibacter sp. Confers High Glyphosate Tolerance to Rice ▶     Shu-yuan Yi, Ying Cui, Yan Zhao et al.     As glyphosate is a broad spectrum herbicide extensively used in agriculture worldwide, identification of new aroA genes with high level of glyphosate tolerance is essential for …             The Type II Secreted Lipase/Esterase LesA is a Key Virulence Factor Required for Xylella fastidiosa Pathogenesis in Grapevines ▶     Rafael Nascimento, Hossein Gouran, Sandeep Chakraborty et al.     Pierce’s disease (PD) of grapevines is caused by Xylella fastidiosa (Xf), a xylem-limited gamma-proteobacterium that is responsible for several economically important crop …             Molecular mechanism of peptide editing in the tapasin–MHC I complex ▶     Olivier Fisette, Sebastian Wingbermühle, Robert Tampé et al.     Immune recognition of infected or malignantly transformed cells relies on antigenic peptides exposed at the cell surface by major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) …             Streptomycin treatment alters the intestinal microbiome, pulmonary T cell profile and airway hyperresponsiveness in a cystic fibrosis mouse model ▶     Mark Bazett, Marie-Eve Bergeron, Christina K. Haston     Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator deficient mouse models develop phenotypes of relevance to clinical cystic fibrosis (CF) including airway hyperresponsiveness, …             The Dendrobium catenatum Lindl. genome sequence provides insights into polysaccharide synthase, floral development and adaptive evolution ▶     Guo-Qiang Zhang, Qing Xu, Chao Bian et al.     Orchids make up about 10% of all seed plant species, have great economical value, and are of specific scientific interest because of their renowned flowers and ecological …             Ammonia-induced miRNA expression changes in cultured rat astrocytes ▶     Jessica Oenarto, Ayse Karababa, Mirco Castoldi et al.     Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric syndrome evolving from cerebral osmotic disturbances and oxidative/nitrosative stress. Ammonia, the main toxin of hepatic …             Dynamics of the Transcriptome during Human Spermatogenesis: Predicting the Potential Key Genes Regulating Male Gametes Generation ▶     Zijue Zhu, Chong Li, Shi Yang et al.     Many infertile men are the victims of spermatogenesis disorder. However, conventional clinical test could not provide efficient information on the causes of spermatogenesis …             Epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate up-regulates microRNA-let-7b expression by activating 67-kDa laminin receptor signaling in melanoma cells ▶     Shuhei Yamada, Shuntaro Tsukamoto, Yuhui Huang et al.     MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs involved in various biological processes by regulating their target genes. Green tea polyphenol (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) …             Assembling carbon quantum dots to a layered carbon for high-density supercapacitor electrodes ▶     Guanxiong Chen, Shuilin Wu, Liwei Hui et al.     It is found that carbon quantum dots (CQDs) self-assemble to a layer structure at ice crystals-water interface with freeze- drying. Such layers interconnect with each other, …             IER5 generates a novel hypo-phosphorylated active form of HSF1 and contributes to tumorigenesis ▶     Yoshinori Asano, Tatsuya Kawase, Atsushi Okabe et al.     The transcription factors HSF1 and p53 both modulate the stress response, thereby protecting and facilitating the recovery of stressed cells, but both have the potential to …             Dioscorea bulbifera polysaccharide and cyclophosphamide combination enhances anti-cervical cancer effect and attenuates immunosuppression and oxidative stress in mice ▶     Hongxia Cui, Ting Li, Liping Wang et al.     Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is commonly used in cancer chemotherapy, which causes immunosuppression and tissue oxidative stress at high doses. As potential protective agents, some …             Direct Actions of Kisspeptins on GnRH Neurons Permit Attainment of Fertility but are Insufficient to Fully Preserve Gonadotropic Axis Activity ▶     Silvia León, Alexia Barroso, María J. Vázquez et al.     Kisspeptins, ligands of the receptor, Gpr54, are potent stimulators of puberty and fertility. Yet, whether direct kisspeptin actions on GnRH neurons are sufficient for the whole …             Impact of the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill on population size and genetic structure of horse flies in Louisiana marshes ▶     Claudia Husseneder, Jennifer R. Donaldson, Lane D. Foil     The greenhead horse fly, Tabanus nigrovittatus Macquart, is frequently found in coastal marshes of the Eastern United States. 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